My Presentation Cacao Exhibit Cebu

HARBEST
Agribusiness Corporation
HARBEST EDIBLE CENTER
SM Megamall Bldg. A
EDSA corner J. Vargas Avenue,
Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila
HARBEST TRAINING FARM
Mr. Arsenio Toto

Barcelona
Sitio Ik-ik, Brgy. Lobo

Jala-jala, Rizal
Cell No.: 0922-8858907
President
NORTH LUZON BRANCH OFFICE
www.harbest.com.ph
harbesthydrobest.weebly.com
HEAD OFFICE
No. 5 Rosemarie Lane, Brgy. Kapitolyo
Pasig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
Tel. 6717411 14, Fax: (02) 6712232
Email: itx@pldtdsl.net;
harbest@harbest.com.ph
harbest_main@yahoo.com
harbest agri corp

harbesthydrobest
Brgy. San Vicente Norte, Agoo La Union

Cell No.: 0917-8173034; 0922-8858901
E-mail:
harbest_agoolaunion@yahoo.com.ph
BACOLOD BRANCH OFFICE
Door No. 4 LIOC KUI Fraternity Inc. Bldg.

6th Street, Bacolod City, Negros
Occidental
Mobile No.: 0917-5203260; 09228858917
DAVAO BRANCH OFFICE
E-mail: harbest_bacolod@yahoo.com
3/F Rm. 305 Bernardo Bldg.
Magallanes St., Davao City
Telefax: (082) 224-0688
Mobile No.: 0917-9702350; 09228858930
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
FARM MECHANIZATION
WR-652 Multi-Function Hand Tractors
Can do the work of ten people
HARBEST
FARM WASTE RECYLING

WR-750 Shredder
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
SM KABALIKAT SA KABUHAYAN
HARBEST
AGRI +
plastic
products
PLAS
for agribusiness
AGRI+PLAS means
plastic products
applied for
agricultural use that
help improve
productivity and
profits. R and D
activities on these
applications have
given rise to many
quality products that
HARBEST is
introducing through
its HARBEST AGRI-
HARBEST
AGRI +
plastic
products
PLAS
for agribusiness
AGRI+PLAS means
plastic products
applied for
help improve
productivity and
profits. R and D
activities on these
applications have
given rise to many
HARBEST is
introducing through
its HARBEST AGRI-
HARBEST
AGRI +
plastic
products
PLAS
for agribusiness
AGRI+PLAS means
plastic products
applied for
help improve
productivity and
profits. R and D
activities on these
applications have
given rise to many
HARBEST is
introducing through
its HARBEST AGRI-
HARBEST
AGRI +
plastic
products
PLAS
for agribusiness
AGRI+PLAS means
plastic products
applied for
help improve
productivity and
profits. R and D
activities on these
applications have
given rise to many
HARBEST is
introducing through
its HARBEST AGRI-
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
What is Irrigation
It is the application of water to crops rather than
rain water to supply its daily water requirement to
attain its full growth
HARBEST
Irrigation Objectives
To provide the necessary moisture for the crop
development
To ensure sufficient supply of water during droughts of
short duration and unpredictable climate
To dissolve soil salts
It is used as fertigation system
To improve the ambient conditions for the vegetative
growth
It enhances the absorption of nutrients by the plant
HARBEST
Factors Affecting the Selection of Irrigation Method

Crop Type
Soil
Topography
Quantity and Quality of Water
Climatologic Conditions
Availability and reliability of energy
Available Agronomic Technology
Economics and Social Considerations
HARBEST

Crop Type
Characteristics of Root System
Root water absorbing capacity also differs, some root system penetrate deep into the soil, while
others form a dense network of branch root that do not penetrate deep but cover a large area of soil
at a shallow depth
Shallow rooted crops, 60cm
(Cauliflower, cabbage, onion, potato, lettuce, tea)
Moderately Deep Rooted, 90cm
(Carrots, french bean, chilli, muskmelon, garden pea)
Deep Rooted, 120cm
(Cotton, tomato, watermelon, maize, sugar beet)
Very Deep Rooted, 180cm
(Lucerne, citrus, apple, grapevine, coffee, sugarcane, safflower)
HARBEST

Topography
The unevenness of the agricultural

land is an important design criteria
The change in an elevation causes
pressure loss or gain
In a leveled or almost leveled land,
the lateral lines with drippers are
laid out uniformly
In slopes, drip lines must follow
the contour lines
When the lateral lines in uneven
field are designed, it is advisable
to consider the distribution and
water pressure factors
HARBEST

Wetting Pattern of the Soil
Soil
The soil is a store house
of plant nutrients, and is
the medium through
which water and
nutrients moves
Wetting Pattern of
Soil
When water is applied

slowly to the soil at a
single point, it is acted
by the force of gravity
(downwards) and
capillary action (radialoutwards)
Clay Soil
Heavy clay soil exerts strong capillary force, but

resist downward water movement by gravity
The wetting pattern in heavy clay soil will tend to be

broad and of moderate depth because of the clays
high capiliary forces and relatively low permeability
The wetted zone is wide and shallow
Loam Soil
It consist of equal proportion of sand, silt and clay
Its infiltration rate is moderate and horizontal flow is

also good
The wetted zone is moderate and shallow depth
It is always good for plants
Sandy Soils
Sandy soil characterized by large voids, between

the soil particles
These large voids helps gravitational force to

downward movement of water in the soil profile
The wetting pattern for a sandy soil will be deep

with little lateral spread, and upward water
movement will be minimum
HARBEST

Climatic Conditions
Plant Water Requirement
Types of crop and its age

Type of soil
Evaporation loss from the surface
Transpiration loss from the leaves
Canopy area and root zone development
Plant to plant and row to row spacing
Evaporation
It is the process by which water changes

from liquid state to vapor
This will happen from open water source,
open well, reservoir, tank, river surface
etc.
HARBEST

Climatic Conditions
Transpiration
It is the loss of water from plant surfaces

(Stomata) directly into the atmosphere
during the day hours
Evapotranspiration
It is the water loss occurring from the

processes of evaporation and
transpiration
ET also called as consumptive use. It
denotes the quantity of water transpired
by plants during their growth or retain in
the plant tissue plus the moisture
evaporated from the surface of the soil
and the vegetation
HARBEST
Types of Irrigation Method

Gravity or Traditional Irrigation Methods
HARBEST
Surface Drip
Irrigation
ub-Surface Drip Irrigation
Types of Irrigation Method

Pressurized Irrigation
Sprinkler
Irrigation
HARBEST
SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM
HARBEST

The water is applied on the soil surface and plants in form of a rainfall
The spray pattern is obtained when the water at pressure is expelled through small orifice
The operating pressure is developed by an appropriate pumping unit
Advantages
Acts like rain
Works well on sand
and loam soils
Can work well on a
wide range of slopes
Can be automated
Can be used to cool
crops
Disadvantages
Initial work required to
construct systems can be
expensive
Requires some skill to
operate
Wind can push the spray
away from the plants
Requires high pressure
High evaporation
HARBEST
HARBEST
DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
HARBEST
Principles of Micro Irrigation

Water is applied to the root zone of the plant directly
Water is applied at frequent intervals (daily) in controlled
quantities as per requirements of the plants
Water is applied through a low pressure network including
main, sub-main and lateral lines with emitters/drippers
spaced along the lateral lines
Water is essentially passed through a filtration system to
prevent suspended impurities, which may block the emitters
Water soluble fertilizers and nutrients can also be applied
along with micro irrigation through a fertilizer tank and / or
venturi system
HARBEST
Advantages of Micro Irrigation

Efficient use of the water
Reduces the direct losses by evaporation
Does not cause movement of drops of water by the effect of air
It reduces consumption of water by the grass and weeds
Water saving up to 90%
It eliminates superficial drainage
It allows to irrigate all the field until the edges
It allows the irrigation to an exact depth
It allows to irrigate greater land area with a specific amount of water
Reaction of the plant
It increases the crop yield per unit of applied water
It improves the crop quality
It allows a uniform yield
HARBEST

Environment of the root
It improves ventilation (aeration)
It increases quantity of available nutrients
Creates a constant condition of water retention at

low tension
Salt accumulation beyond the root zone of crop
Control insects and diseases
Healthier plants brought about by proper nutrition

are more resistant to the effects of pests and
diseases
HARBEST

Agronomic practices and effects
Drip irrigation simplifies crop management with

precision application of water and nutrients
It reduces intercultural operations, since there is less

growth of weeds, and soil compaction
Control of erosion
Application of water soluble fertilizer is more efficient
Increases the work efficiency in fruit orchards, because

the space between the row is maintained dry and free of
weeds
HARBEST

Economic Benefits
Labor cost is lower compared with other permanent irrigation

method up to 50% savings
The cost of operation and maintenance is low
It can be use efficiently on uneven terrains
Water application efficiency is high up to 90-95%
HARBEST
Components of Micro Irrigation

Water Source
The water source can be well water, open channel, rivers, lakes and
treated water
The underground well water is generally of good quality
Almost all water sources contain bacteria and elements that nourish it
If water of poor quality is used, physical and chemical or biological

agents can obstruct the emitters and drip laterals
Clean water is essential for the drip irrigation, good filtration system is
needed to remove it
It is important to know what kind of water do you have, hard water,

high calcium content and or iron content is high
For elevated tank it is necessary to shade it to avoid hot water being

applied to the plants
HARBEST

Pumping Machinery
It is necessary to acquire
effective, reliable and low
cost pump and a power unit
While selecting a pump, one

should know total pressure in
the system, operating
pressure, total volume of
water for irrigation and
horsepower rating
HARBEST

1 Hectare Cacao
Distance between rows 3 meters
Distance between trees 3 meters
Number of rows 33
Number of trees per row - 33
Total number of trees 1,089
Discharge rate 8.2 liters per hour x 2
Number of operation per day - 1
Application rate mm/hr 1.82
Number of blocks - 2
Maximum discharge rate per block 8.93m
Required pressure meter 10-30
HARBEST

1 Hectare Cacao
HARBEST
Filtration Equipment
Flow Range: 27m/hr to 120 m/hr

Inlet/Outlet Connection: 2 6
Hydrocyclone Filter
Used where sand
percentage is high in the
water
Commonly used on bore
well
HARBEST

Media Filters
Jain Clean Master - S
It is act as primary filtration

It is installed at open water source like
pond, river, lake
It removes organic & inorganic
contamination of water with help of
sand as a media
Flow range: 25m/hr to 50m/hr

Inlet/Outlet Connection: 2 to 3
HARBEST

It is act as secondary filtration, removes small particle that cannot
removes with media filter or hydro cyclone filter
Available in Screen and Disc type
Flow Range: 3m/hr-70m/hr
Inlet/Outlet Connection: -4
HARBEST

Fertilizer Equipment
Fertilizer Tank
Mix Rite Fertilizer Injector
HARBEST

Fertilizer Equipment
Veturi Injector
Advantages of Fertilizer Equipment on the System

Saves of up to 90% of labor on fertilizer application
Efficiency of up to 50%
Spoon feeding; of which prevent wastage of fertilizer
Control of fertilizer
HARBEST

Water Carrier System
Main Lines & Sub-main Lines

PVC Pipes & HDPE & LLDPE Pipes
HARBEST

Water Carrier System
Control & Flush Valves
For controlling sections, sub-mains
For cleaning mains and sub-mains
HARBEST
Inline
Water Distribution System
Drippers or Emitters
The water emission devices (drippers or

emitters) are unique in the drip irrigation system
The drippers supply water through small orifices

in small amounts near the plant
The pressure loss through the emitters must be

sufficiently greater that the pressure difference
due to land topography and friction losses in the
system
The orifice must be large enough to avoid

serious obstruction
Online
HARBEST

There are two categories of drippers for installation in the field:
In-line emitters are used in row crops such as vegetables
HARBEST

Actual Application
HARBEST

On-line emitters are suitable to orchard crops such as Mango, etc..
HARBEST

Actual Applications
HARBEST

Micro tubes or spaghetti connected on the lateral

line are used for fruit orchards, ornamentals and
flower pots in the nursery (greenhouse)
HARBEST

AUTOMATION SYSTEM
HARBEST

Limitations of Micro Irrigation
The drippers may clogged with physical impurities like soil

particles, algae or chemical impurities like mineral and salts.
(Due to poor water quality or poor maintenance of farmers)
The rodents or insects can damage some components of the

drip irrigation system. (different repellent are available)
The initial investment is higher as compared to other

irrigation methods. (Pressurized irrigation and use
plasticulture)
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
HARBEST
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HARBEST
DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM MAINTENANCE

Lateral Flushing
Lateral flushing flushes out debris that accumulates in the dripline and can eventually clog the
drippers water inlet or labyrinth
During the irrigation season, laterals should be flushed every 2-3 weeks. Flushing is done by
opening the lateral end for 30-60 seconds until the water coming out of the lateral is clear.
Flushing with a flushing sub-main or with a NaanDanJain lateral flush Valve will reduce costs of
manual labor
Application of EMAS
Application of EMAS solution will prevent the growth and spread of algae at least once a week
It also helps to activate the nutrients available on the soil
With an average cost of Php0.10 cents per liter
HARBEST
RESULTS OF USING DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Healthier plants high survival rate
Higher yield
Earlier maturity 5 10 days ahead, earlier than hydroponics
For Pepper/Strawberry - extend harvest time
Cost can be recover in 1 cropping
HARBEST
SYSTEM APPLICATION
Drip Irrigation System
HARBEST
SYSTEM APPLICATION
HARBEST
SYSTEM APPLICATION
HARBEST
SYSTEM APPLICATION
Sprinkler Irrigation System
HARBEST
HARBEST HYDROBEST
TEAM

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HARBEST

HARBEST TRAINING FARM

Mr. Arsenio Toto

Sitio Ik-ik, Brgy. Lobo

NORTH LUZON BRANCH OFFICE

harbest agri corp

Brgy. San Vicente Norte, Agoo La Union

BACOLOD BRANCH OFFICE

Door No. 4 LIOC KUI Fraternity Inc. Bldg.

FARM WASTE RECYLING

Factors Affecting the Selection of Irrigation Method

Factors Affecting the Selection of Irrigation Method

Factors Affecting the Selection of Irrigation Method

The unevenness of the agricultural

Factors Affecting the Selection of Irrigation Method

When water is applied

Heavy clay soil exerts strong capillary force, but

The wetting pattern in heavy clay soil will tend to be

The wetted zone is wide and shallow

It consist of equal proportion of sand, silt and clay

Its infiltration rate is moderate and horizontal flow is

The wetted zone is moderate and shallow depth

It is always good for plants

Sandy soil characterized by large voids, between

These large voids helps gravitational force to

The wetting pattern for a sandy soil will be deep

Factors Affecting the Selection of Irrigation Method

Plant Water Requirement

Types of crop and its age

It is the process by which water changes

Factors Affecting the Selection of Irrigation Method

It is the loss of water from plant surfaces

It is the water loss occurring from the

Types of Irrigation Method

Types of Irrigation Method

SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM

SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM

SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM

DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Principles of Micro Irrigation

Advantages of Micro Irrigation

Reduces the direct losses by evaporation

Does not cause movement of drops of water by the effect of air

It reduces consumption of water by the grass and weeds

Water saving up to 90%

It eliminates superficial drainage

It allows to irrigate all the field until the edges

It allows the irrigation to an exact depth

It allows to irrigate greater land area with a specific amount of water

Reaction of the plant

It increases the crop yield per unit of applied water

It improves the crop quality

It allows a uniform yield

Advantages of Micro Irrigation

It improves ventilation (aeration)

It increases quantity of available nutrients

Creates a constant condition of water retention at

Salt accumulation beyond the root zone of crop

Control insects and diseases

Healthier plants brought about by proper nutrition

Advantages of Micro Irrigation

Drip irrigation simplifies crop management with