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    AGMA 152.02 - Application Information

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    78 Ansichten54 Seiten

    AGMA 152.02 - Application Information

    Hochgeladen von

    simone.castagnetti
    AGMA 152.02 - Application Information

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    AGMA MAR. 1960 STANDARD Application Classification for Spur, Helical, and Herringbone Gear Shaft Mounted Speed Reducers Published bye AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION 1390 ewacuitis Avenue, N.W. @ Wostngos, D.C. 20005 AGHA Standards and related publications represent minimum or avermge dts, conditions or plication They are subject 10 constant improvement, revision for weithdeual as dictated by experience. Any person uy fers to AGMA tect ical publications should satisfy bimsel/ that be has th Latest information avi able from the Assocation onthe subject matte, Personnel of Committee Shaft Mounted Redacers Products Division acon, 1960 H. A. Toros, Chazman, Dodge Manuftcicng Corp, Mishawaka, Indiana Jackson Chung, Tecbnical Advizor,Dodge Manafacuring Con, Mishowak, lodiana 6G. P, Does, Jn, George P. Dosis Co, ie, St.Louis, Missous 1. L Leonard, The American Pulley Conpany, Piladephia, Pa EJ. Wellaver, Falk Corp. Milwaukee, Wisconsin LO. Witenburg, Cleveland Wom & Gear Co, Cleveland, Ohio Tobtes or athe sof supporting sections may be quoted or exiected in their fenton. Crade lines should reads "Extracted rom AGUA Stand Application Classification for Spur, Helical, and Meringbone Gear Shaft Neunted Speed Re sacars, {AGMA 152.02) withthe permission of the publisher, the American Gear Menafacturers Associaton, 1330 Macsachuseis Avene, Ni, Washington, D.C FOREWORD Standard AGMA 152.01 wae developed after Sword AGMA 480.01 wat com pleted, Discussion comred on applicable service farors or clasaes of service fa shafe mouored speed reducers, Aa investigation was begun £9 conside: the possibility of adopting one ofthe exictng sundards force, Ie wae found hat 27 ofthe factor Listed in cheae rantards were oot in accord withthe expert All deives were considered and some cliniontd as ot being suitable applies tions for ska moumed reducers, The remainder were caeflly reviewed and assigned a classification according to he bese jadgneat ofthe’ commie ‘Tecemive Standand AGMA 152.01 was conplesed by the comsicte in Janney, 1934, and approved by she AGMA mesberhip, by leer Ballo, October 1, 1954 Aer the standard was in existence fora year he commitee approved come ‘ining i for another your az = Teotative Salad and iting itz cesiiced die eibation, ‘The sandacd with afew changes wae Inter approved as white cover standard by the comsitee, The revision consisted of charging the samiat!'s ates "“Appliation Classification for Shaft Noun Speed Recocers", and changing the duty eyele Rom "S hour pr 12 "upto ID hours per day”, ‘his standard was pptored bythe AGMA membership and became aa official tice cover sandaed as of July 30,1955. PREFACE ‘he lon classitiemion shows inthis standard and che cexlant eeice fates uy foe sone types of equipment fom idetical or ciniler equipment 48 shown Jn Stanfard AGMA 150,02, "Application Clagsifieason foc Getemoree", ead Standard AGHA 151.01, “Application Classification fer Encased Speed Re- veers", Such vacations are oot ext or dactepancies, but have brea inten tionally detemined;based on desig conxrcton, al linicasions of encheype af redacer. This standard Liste load classifications a2 applied tothe aormal wae horsepower eating, whereas Standard AGMA 151.01 lists service actors fo be spplied co the actual borsepowet lon or torque, AGMA STANDARD APPLICATION CLASSIFICATION FOR SPUR, HELICAL AND HERRINGBONE GEAR SHAFT MOUNTED SPEED REDUCERS 1. Parpose Lt The purpose of this sandard ig to lst and classify the chacacier of the loud in vaous applications, #0 that « proper sale nounced speed reducer can be selected fers given semiee 2.1 This standard shall apply ow epur, helical, and herngbone ge30shafe mounted speed educers, 8, Responsiiity 3.1 Responsibility of che mnafaceuer of shake mounted speed ducer shall be Tmied co meeting the specifications set fork ' this published Ucesaze and he guacntene nade ts paz of the sale concn. 13.2 The cespeneibliy for satistactony operation io ssaumed by ‘he manufactuzer, provided that the shake mounted speed reaucer is propecly installed, maieined and Ibccated; nd ear the vee sy sce of rraing pats is teeta setouscxtcat speed and cosionl wibrarons; and cae the raised fonds are within 4. Applicaton Clasiieation 411 Load classiGetons and classes of service forthe usual lacy eyeles for various applications ee given in Table 1. They ase classified ince she ties commonly secepsieed loud elesah- eations: uniform, modeate shack, heavy shock; and Classes AGMA STANDARD APPLICATION CLASSIFICATION FOR SPUR, HELICAL AND HERRINGBONE GEAR SHAFT MOUNTED SPEED REDUCERS sess Appleton cuttin | ewe [i TeTEATORS : T ire Lipide Vaiorn aoa ScciLigs-Vaable Deny Sterne Shock a « ‘acling Ncioey storm 1 « Bory Rene Coninons Day Uaitrn . it Coster oicone Day Ustore S t Sea Tune = Crna Day Unter S t Stale Hoppe Fequen Sant Nodes Shock t it (Caw FILLING MACHINES Usitorn m . Can oUMPERS Heavy Stock a 2 aR PULLERS : = CLARIFIERS ators t 0 CLAY MORKING MACHINERY | Bick Press Hoary Shoe = | om Buspar hine Hen Shock am | tt Endo Mises Neecate Shek uf ow CCONVEYORS-UNIFORMLY LOADED OR FED | spe ‘nit 1 x Alcesbiy Sato i t Bee tat 1 i Figs thee 1 i once Chee 7a Ure Roll Package) Gaiters 7s see thom i i Refer Wanalacire? AGMA STANDARD APPLICATION CLASSIFICATION FOR. SPUR, HELICAL AND HERRINGBONE GEAR SHAFT MOUNTED SPEED REDUCERS ‘Table (Continued) ‘ee Se Abplication Ciassiteation | 10 nm. aims. per tay | pee day CONVEYORS HEAVY DUTY NOT UNIFORMLY FED Sone Moderate Spock 0 a Aectnaty : Moderate Sock a i Bek Moderate Stock a a Backer o Pon Mocerate Shock t i Flighe Nederate Shock w t Live Roll, : : ore Moderate Stace 1 u Reciprocating Heavy Sock a a Saew Neder Spock ri 1 ‘CRANES AND HoIsTS | | ‘Bacge Dr aoderce Stock | 1 Trolley Deve Nedenre shee | IL 1 ‘CUTTER HEAD DRIVES | : | : DRYERS AND COOLERS-ROTARY Mederte Shock | ow ELEVATORS | ‘Bucket-Unifrn Load Uniform t 0 Becker Heavy Load Moderate Shock u o Freight Nederte Shock 1 u Fooo isusTRY | | Bee Sizer Motemce Suck | ot | Corel Cooker titer 1 Bough Miner Moderate Shock a Ne Gungare| Moderate Spock _ LAUNDRY BASHER LAUNDRY TUMBLERS Noerste Shock c | o LINE SHAPTS Usitoos Lond nifonm 1 | og Beary Lond Naderne Shock o | og MACHINE TOOLS | Sosiiny Drives Usitorn r Nan Onve-Unifom Load Nederate Shock 1 0 Refer Wanafactrer ee AGMA STANDARD APPLICATION CLASSIFICATION FOR SPUR, HELICAL AND HERRINGBONE GEAR SHAFT MOUNTED SPEED REDUCERS ‘Table 1 (Contnved) METAL MILLS Non Reversing Moderate Shock ‘ce Drawing Flaten Machine Moderate Spock “Goncrece Mixes, Cocnuoas Nocerte Shock Concre ies Incenmitant Noderate Shock Eznatat Density Unione Vac Desisy erate Shock Ligsid Unitoms SenisLiquid Moderate Stock PAPER MILLS “Apesoes (ites) Moderate Shock 4 0 Blescher Uaioe 1 i Calenders eae Shock a Gplincere Noture Shock t ele Seether Moder Spock = u Binder Usifomn = 1 PEBBLE SaL1s Mocerte Shock 0 a Proportoning : 5 Reciprocating Open Discharge aitoce T t Dubie ering Mis-Cylinder Noderste Shock o | ow Stage Gylinzer : owas. Ceur Type-Constane Density itor 1 a Varebie Dense Noderae Shock u a [RUBBER (NoUSTRY Tire Bulaing Machines " 0 Hie & Tube Press Openers t "arf anaactver AGMA STANDARD APPLICATION CLASSIFICATION FOR SPUR, HELICAL AND HERRINGBONE GEAR SHAFT MOUNTED SPEED REDUCERS Table 1 (Concludes) oo a ctassifieation rows. | 24m. serday | perny SCREENS ‘ie ashing Uniforms L « Rotary Seon or Genel, Mocerace Stock 0 1 {Teaveling Wacer lone Usifomn 1 i Shiver Nogeate Shock 1" m SKIP HOISTS: Moderate Spock a = sTOKERS Unita - 1 TEXTILE INDUSTRY | ‘Backers Moderate Shock 1 0 Celendere Moderate rock u 1 (Card achines Heavy Shock m tt Dy Cans Moderate Shock i ry Dyeing Machinery Noderate Shock u t Mengiee Moderate Spock a | @ Nees Nederete Shock Fi Soapecs Nederate Shoe a Spine Nocerte Shock a rr ‘Tenses Frames Necerte Smo tu it ‘TUMBLING BARRELS eae Shock a FEINDLASS Moderate Shock if Sees ‘The user of this Standard (AGMA 152. 02) may find these other AGMA Standards of value as reference data: AGMA 110.03 Geap-Tooth Pear and Failure (USAS 86.12-1964) os $200 AGMA 112.04 Teme, Detinitions, Symbols, and Abievstons 450 AGMA 115.02 Reference Infomation —Sasic Gens Geometry 2.00 AGMA 121.02. Singl-Thoend Coarse Piech Hobs 7 2.00 AGMA 123.01 Maliple-Thrend Coarse Piteh HOD vos 2.90 AGHA 201.02 Tooth Proportions for Conrse-Piech lnvaute Spur Gears 2.00 AGUA 210.02 Suctace Doceilty (Ping) of Spr Gene Teeth 250 AGUA 211.02 | Sueface Durability (Ping) of Helical an Hesrnghone Gene Teeth - 250 AGMA 225.02 Information Shet for Sceagh of Spas Helical, Herringbone and Bevel Gear Teeth roennannes 250 AGMA 251.52 Pin Nesrwement Tables for Inelate Spr Gears feces 2.00 AGUA 261.02 | Specificnion for Genel Industral Gear Maeriate—Seee! (Drawn, Rolled and Forged) : see 250 AGMA 264.02 Nodal on Gear Mattie onan oe AGMA 250.02 Lubiieacon of Industal Enclosed Geasig ve 2.00 AGMA 252.01 | Specifieasion—Mild Exireme Paessse Labicans for Industral Enclosed Gers snus 2.00 AGMA 255.02 Boling (Allowable Tensile Sere) for Gout Dives . 2.00 AGMA 260.01 Shaeing-—Allowable Torsional and Bening Stessed esos 2.00 AGUA 265.01 Bearings Allowable Loads and Speeds face 2.00 AGUA 390.02 Geat Classification Manual = 250 AGUA 490.03 Practice for Helical, Herrngbooe and Spat Gear ShateMounted Speed Reducers 6.00 50% Dincoun fer AGMA Members A mote complete Hit f AGA Sanducts published bythe Amesican Geat Manafacsver Association i available upon tquest. PRICE $2.00 AQ- YOLOVS DIWVNAG 21 “Old (wh An-auioo7an BNI HOLId 0008 oom 000s 000s __—ovor aot oe __ aga ozo oro v0 08'0 001 “9 -wo1ovs SINWNAG Information Sheet for Surface Durability (Pitting) of Spur, Helical, Herringbone and Bevel Gear Teeth RICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION ‘The user of this Information Sheet (AGMA 215,01) may find ‘these other AGMA Standards of value as reference data: ‘Number rite Pricer AGMA 110.03. GonrTooth Pear end eile : sus AGMA 112.01 Gens Nanenclaute ~ Tern, Definitions, Srmbots and Abbreviations 450 exis 201.02 Tooth Preparions for Canrze-PickInvlute Spur Gear, includes 201,024 an 201.028, a 1s AGMA 202.03 System far Zerl Bevel Gears 7 200 {GIA 208,02. Syatem for Serighe Bevel Gears 2.00 AGA 209.03. Sratem for Spel Bevel Ge 230 ‘AGMA 210.02 Sarace Darby Picng) of Spur Gea Teeth, 230 AGMA 211.02 Sunace Darby (iting) of Helical and Herringbone Gent Tees 230 AGMA 212.02 Surface Durtilisy (Ping) Fomolne for Senge Bevel and Zero] evel Gear Tee. uv 250 AGMA 216.01 Surface Duality (Ping) Fomelas for Spal Bevel Geae Tee 230 ‘AGMA 230.02. Racing forthe Stengh of Spur Gear Teeth 230 AGMA Raving the Sengih of Helical and Heviogbone Geae Teeth sca Rating se Strength of Scnghs Bevel and Zevot Bevel Gea Teeth bso acwa Rating ee Scngch of Spee) Bevel Cea: Teeth 330 Aca Information Sheet for Suengt of Spur, Helical, Herciagbone and ‘Bevel Gea: Teeth 7 Lis AGM 259.01 Measuring Neshods and Pactces Manual for Contato Spa, Helical, and Wesrngbone Gea : 3.00 AGMA 24,02 Specification for Gener Industral Geoe Mains ~ See! (Dae, Rolled and Forge) 250 AGMA 244.02 Nodular lon Gear Auceie 200 AGMA 246.01 Recommended Procedure for Carbarized industriel Gein. 2.00 [AGMA 330.01. Design Sonal for Bevel Gens . S600 AGMA 340.01 Manus! fo Machine Tol Gena. 5.00 ‘AGMA 39002 Gaac Clasiication Mosel : a 230 50% Discoue co AGMA members ‘A mace complet list of AGMA Seandacds published by she Ametican Gese ‘Moqufacraers Ansociation ix avilable pea ques PRICE 52.50 AGUA Standats aod soled pobicaionseepeezne minimum of average dts, conditions ot applicaion. They are subject to constane tr withdrawal as dictaced by experience. Any petzon sho refer co AGMA vechni= fel publications should aialy himslt thar he bow te latest ifemacion avn ‘ble tion the Assocation onthe subject mace. Personnel of Gear Rating Committee Tochnieal Division Janwery, 1963 4. Bellnves, Chaeman, The Fall Corp, Milwaukee, Wis. LL ocd, The Falk Carp. Menke, Wis. Goleman, Gleseon Hotke, Rochester, New Yosk , Gloves, Ferd Motor Ca, Deurbors, Michigan otinan, Tool Stee! Gear & Pisin Coy Cincinnati, Obie B. Hoppe, Lufkin Foundey & Machine Cp Lufkin, Fexax Koenig, HewieeRebinsy Ine, Chicago, Hinsiv Le. Krege, Hewie Robins, In, Chicago Hlinais AK. hein, Rescern Geat Cory Lyamood Caloris . Sehwany Reliance Electic € Enginesng Co, Cleveland, Ohio . Saab, theelaeace Corp. Mishawaka, Indiana [A Thoma, Wasner& Swarey Co, Cleveland, Obio [AL Bison, span Gaossucton Coy Hoteete, Mass, Tables nd ter selfsupooring sections may be quoted or extcied in their entry. Credit lines shuld wa: "Exticed fro AGHA Information Sheet ~ Surace Durty (Pining of Spur, Hetil, Herngbone ond Bevel Geer Tend (AGMA 215.0, ith abo permission of tbe publish, facture Aasucieion (330 Haseachusetts Avenue, Ni, Washington D.C. 20003: ‘erica Gear Ses FOREWORD The AGMA Gear Racing Conmicee presents the following ceference formula snd daca for vse In pepanng specific standard foc rcig the suface culty (of ep, lic, hesingbone ead evel gear teeth, This information sheet feat fevended to be = design maoual, although te dara can be used for estimating sree coh trtace durability. ‘The objecive of te AGMA Gear Rating Commitee is to develop ge sting fomolas conttining all che known fasots which affese capacicys Nanetcal values are suggested for these facrors based upon the best avalale informer on. Copninance is given the face that addon new factors aad beer evalae floor of old parameters wil ootnvlly necessitate svisions ad inpuovemcots This relerence formula willbe used to develop inlividesLseandarte for spt hella! hesnghone 20d bevel geting, ‘Theos individea sandacle will conaip 1. Basie Rating Forols: 2. Design Practices for Specific Applications. ‘The specialized gear designer will be interested in itn 2, nee ic wll con tain design standards having specific eld of aplietion with simpliied peo= edu ov preater deal ay eguites, The casual ceader terested ins single specific gear design application will tae avalable eve brad perspective ofthe tnsis of éatbiiny rating an well 2 approximate factors which cam be used ar "guide poste” io the solution of ‘he individ problen slicing the method oulined will cesule ine system of gear sing et pro= vides eoorsination,flesbilty, simplification and = means fr continual inpeore= rene and maxinum aplicabiliy. Eveneaaly, i ie proposed eo publisk all pe Secor ating data fos gent design saul ‘The fist conmitiee dal af Infomation Sheet AGMA 215.01 wus prepuce in (ctobe, 1957. The finsl dente was approved by the Gear Rating Commiste in Api, 1938, 16 was publishes and pesented as 0 popes asthe June, 1900 Anno Mecing. The inarmation sheer war approved by the AGIA seaberthip as of Merch I, 1962." Teotecve Infomation Shect AGMA 215.01 wus published in September, 1963, ‘This copy of Infornation Sheet AGMA 235.01, Sep 1966 consing severat ‘ior cevisions. The more significaoe revisions ate ws follows 1. new definition for ptch diameter ad fae width 2 evel ger load distbation ctor akea from established contact position rather tun theocetieal positon 5. added rable of pinion aad ges hasdoess combinations 4 allowed values of E tom cller esse 5. added effective case depth curves for spur, helical, hewingbooe and bevet @ AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH 1A This reference informacion sheet presets the ntaneneal formula for the tutece dusbliy (pit inp) af spot, helical, hesnghone and evel pent feche Ie conains sll ofthe tos which are own to affect the resinance of gear teeth co pitting. ‘Tus tovmata fs not aplicable to odbee types of peat tooth sutace deesoration suchas plastic wielding, coring, welding and sie. The lubcicane selected ee be cxpasle of functioning ender leads eslew Tate By ois eeandasd 1.2 Piesing of gear cooth in considered » fatigue tresonenon. The wo kinds of picing ~ 1 ini, Sed 2) desmiccive — sre ilsstated in Sendacd ‘AGMA 110.03, "GearTooth Teor and. Faller Conrerive ad aonpogicssive Inia ping iso feoned serous, Tbe ais of this andes! is co Gesigo the gone ceesh vo tae demrccive iting does 1.3 This inforacion shet is intended to coordinate suface duabilisy sage for exzeral say hela hesingbone and bevel geace- BY assigning proper fhundteal values to the hctors in she emul, it {S possible t bave a consisiens and acearsre mag practice fs these sper of gears. Surface durability field of gearing may be established Sy selecting the proper factve fr chix genera formula. Proper valuation of the vatiour factors in the basic fovmule will produce sable atiogs fr any appli 1a there odSopplicable specific AGMA standacd fests, numerical values aay be estimated forthe factors io this genes form Sulaceduabiisy wing cal fad an epproninate 8 so extemal geate unless otherwise nated 1.6 The symbols azed, wherever applicable, cont form to esd AGMA 122.04, "Tees, Defiiions, Symbols, and Abbreviaions", and "Lewes Symbols for Mechanics of Said. Bodies", ASA-Z10-51948 a 195. 2, Fundamental Ping Dubility Fors 2 ‘The fundamental iting éarbiley formule for pose ceth ina follow AGMA 215.01— Sep, 1986 AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH sc = calculaced contact sess number coclfiient depending on elastic prope fies of aerate (ae Section 16. MOTE: This equation is divided ime thee gross the feats concerned wih oad, the second sas opsracing pitch ane ian 4) y= eveload (actor (eee Section 10 G, = dynam facto (Gee Section 9) “4 = pinion operating pitch iam evel sooth For sput helical tnd heringbone goats, # can be Computed oe ovtride ameter ‘ines two addendums hen 3p i plesble. Size‘) F = net face width of she nacomest bone geaing abe nes fae wide) ach belix = inches size factor (ee Sesion 7) Gq = load siseibucon facie (see sees Section 6) Biss) 1 = geomeuy fc (08 Secon 3) tion (.c, = surace condtin factor (see Secron 8) 122 The clusion of the calculated cones sees ~ [ee] = allowable contact sess runber (see Section 1) Gy ~ fasdness aia Facer ( Gp = tenperaare fain (aee Section 13) Gp ~ fasorof ster [ne Section 1 NOTE: Both pinion and gear ceth muse he checked te account for dlfeences in mateal umber of oot cortaereyeles under In 5, surface Durilty Power Formula 3.1 The following formula may be used ro caleulate Pye = allowable pomer, he sip = pinion speed, rom 4.1 The sronsmiced congenial lond is cateulced ivecty fom the power wansiied by che peat AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH (hen operating nent ctccal speed ofthe ive, a cnrfal analysis of condiions must be Inede.) When che tanomiied load iz no wafer, Consideration should be given noe only ca she peak led and its atiipaced aunber of cycles, but also co inesnediate loads and eheie umber of cycles Projet a gear ae fe reuiced @ cany = peak fond for Heited manber of cycles, and ches such smaller Joad for 2 much lagee tuabec of Cycles. In auch cases the gear racing should be Sljuseed so thr each load and number of cycles faired by the gene fet ie within allowable sess 44.2 The sanamiced tangential load i: n Px 33,000 Px 126,000 P= eraneaiced poner bp T= pinion tongue tein pith tine velo, fn 5. Gcometry Factor — SA The geometry facia for spur and helical gears for pitch line loadiog ist, ere: cureaate facta pitch ne m6 ie ie porting tanaverse pressuce angle, dea ] cena gee cose sins, : | vernal gears iy = lend shang iio which depends an 2, profile contact ei: ‘The lon sharing ratio for ordacslized com betical geste gests wen te 295% face coneace rao exceeds 2, of en the face contact mie or gig eral length of lines of conte (aiai- ex) ia fy = nomal bse pte, a, Z_ = age of action in wansverse plane, in. S.LL The spur gear geometry feta io sows Ja Fig, 1. Appeain A is weed q conece forthe wor potion of roth coarae normally consdeeed co be {he pons whers single coth conse begins. 5.2 The geometry fete far bevel genesis shows in Figure 220d 3. S.2, Figure 2 giver values for generced spice bevel genre with 20 deg pressuce angle, 35 deg AGUA 285.01— Sept, 1956 [AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILIT HELICAL, HERRINGBONE spiral angle and 90 deg shaft angle when designed Freeland to Seandacd AGMA 209.03, "System fF BST Devel Gears”, These valees ate lid pro srrcd ine face with doesnot exceed ceecenhs of she cone distance oF ig ot leas than one 5.2 Figuce 3 gives values for genenied Coniton eronncd) neight bevel pears and Zeal pears 3h bevel Sp deg ecssute angle and 90 dep: sine sagle hen signed accoriog 10 Srondacd ‘Neva 208.02, "Syeten for Sersighe Bevel Gest” we andacd AGMA. 202.03, ‘"Zerol_ Bevel Get ny he face width does nor exceed SMfic of ee cone dixaace (on Zeois one-oush ofthe cane disenee) or. Syscen”, provi 5.2.3 For other toth proportions pressure angles BPD shale angle omer than 90 dep, che gEOMety Teme, for bevel gence ean be deermined by the ented ourined ia Appendix 6, Load Distribution Factor ~ Cy ‘a2 The ond diseiburan facet Cy evalua she tects of sor-anifonn sistibuon of-iond, 202 Sepends open tolerances eeticion of shots caeing cach gens Gee ages reno) bank scfoe3s| sha etloes| using aes beating deflection Here deflection cel expansion and direction due £0 epee Shoe cenperoures, This is expecially own fr wide face ge "Y (PITTING) OF SPUR, ‘AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH un Figeces 4 and 5 ilosete misalignment ood erect on load dstbaton Ghd The effect of diferent races of sist Te Shown in Pipe 6 for apie gears and in Figute 7 for helical gears Pineda 100 perene contact fr & sien 13 Tint ‘ond and aliganent emot. Generally) Pe Betuld crceed The amount of misslignmens saan ia Figores 6 and 7 mast conser all fecors Show in paragraph 6. liganene Fo, tepresents Be face wih 2 Manutaceocers of wideface gents gency find ‘hae atlowed ree af izalignment. To handle sh “Tle 1 shows appropriate wales of Cr 6: For spur and belcal gers equvalene co chose feed in commercial get wceing Guidty, the loud disuibution facies Cr Meaua igure Ii cua be weed asa guide, The [oo [Boibution fcror shows inclides other Scsing geze dorabilicy such a5 size eer align exc, Then Lratio exceeds 2, 8 more lysis is supped 6s then gene ace hardened ae cutting frais are noc proved ot oherrse prosessed 1 the moth doroion wil affect Tasure high acura, the load dinzibaron Figye 11 em be bakiply Cy By 1.98 if ane element is hardened 2. Multiply Gq by 120 if both elements He fardened alter cving- AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH crane 1 tend pisttetion Factor fr Spur, Helical and Wernsbane Gears ~ "Cy nacio of £ Contce cio of 95% (ace wide concat obtained a one eegot 1 9/3 ere 3 face wid corac obuied a al emu 11 fall eve Tm face wid contac bie’ atone eoane 1a 60 1/3 ere 5 face wih eonract bene a al eee 13 fall tvgee oe = fae oleh cores Soned waned SMe [as ws woe 3p fae wih oneactobnied as ll erase 13 all ergue Ton Face wih oouce Seid eo ove wna 9 face wih onrctcbenined a all reve 2.5 fll ever | Fests we corned | [se ac hana tied wet rte | a5 ac 13 corse | ce ith coma baie fa toe | 27 ae ft cra 1 | Clesaced combined cies an beng of pion at ove 001" ove eit face | atone ve 250 BHN batons : sconce chesined wt onetidSrgee ao a U3 tout So comet chained at ll gue | ek te a ose “Ceca conan cis nd beeing of pion 9% ove ee 0007" ove ener face i | Psion as ove 350 BH hatoess | = 1s conact chained a one frase | 20 2013 expe 55m comet ening fal corgee 1 ae fall erm 3 cores cbninod wt one sre ko #73 core ee a erie 3 a fll (calelee elect of etiecion and iter . uj ele agle £0 “vee ad bending exceeds 001" over ere face eee eee for both alignsent erors sod deflection agin 215.01 — Sept. 1966 AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH Thole 2 Devt Gear Lt Disttin Facto ~ Ca ' oh estes Ov seater Nese enter —— ‘Seraddle Mounted ‘Streddle Mounted ‘Seraddle Mounted eve eis sao hao how 35 125 se Lda rt roowias | tne kao 123 130 Sore eccars ode Tonic Serng ln fr wate pangs de owl Seine we svatines ale tee # suaddle mounting for boch members than, a saddle mounting araagemert. requied for born fypes of mountings. 5 Im bevel gassing, then the deflections Placements of he gear or inion fom for which. gear consact has been exablizhed ace mew, the load divibution fcter, Ca, cn be obe tained trom Figure 8 Then the erinated of Goplacements are nar Known, an estimate of Cy nay be obuined fom Table 2. here moucings Caifully designe’ for masioum spi, ore the "There mounting igi i= ques “The sive factor ellets che efecce of diner sions on the urifominy of maceial properties, Ie depends pinay ont 2. gone diomeser 3 face wise However, right supports ar well a2 adequne e2oacin wetnng mousing may be jast ae Rood af, 26 See? 4 eto of 6 cat of case dapth co toch size 7 bardenbilios and heat teseners of mates 22 The sie faror may be sen a wnity ioe meee ears provided 4 poper choice of steel ss made fr ge depen agrees with Figure 9. Figue 9 Shows the ainimun depth of elfecive case depth for pur tlie, and berngbone gears. Some bevel ‘evien couse, thevefive igure 10 shows coal case dope for bevel eae teeth 18 Seanad ize factors ave aot been extb foc In sock exses sone size Se grea Unity shoul be w2et Tet The size factor for Relies! eating is patsy included with the Load uimeinution Boe show in Figure 1 (See Section 6.3 @ AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH 8, Surface Condition Factor ~ Cj ‘The suctice condition facer, Cy depends on ngs lppings gsnding, #h90 peening, eo 2 cena eeenst 5. plesiigy effects (a hazdenig) 1.2 The suriace condition factor, Gy may be sakes te sity shen 2 good snfce iz developed either by ‘rocesting or rnin 9.1 The dynamic Facer, Cj» depends 1. effects of toh spacing and profile exe: 2 effects of pltch line speed arom 3. inertia and aloes ofall mating elemenes 4, scant Joa pe neh f face 5. sooth sites 6, Inbicantpopenies. 9.2 Fipue 12 shows some of she dynamic factors that ace commonly weed Came #1 Should be used for high pecision factor listed in pts 9.1 donor develop an pocece ble dynamic lends i abl alee be used for evetaed bevel goats having the peered patern of tooth contact and nccurte tot zpacing and com Gere 42 ~ Should be used for Inge planed spiral bevel gout, igh precision helical gears tod haved er ground spur gens, where the feces Tied in pars Bl cam develop High dynamic load Cove 3 ~ Should be used for high precision helical geass hen the Ferre listed in par. 5 can develop = moderate dynamic load feconmended for conmeria heli Came 64 = Should be use for shared or sound spor peas when the facies listed So Far. 9.1 can develop a modente dynamic losd. THe cure is 9.3 Then milling curere are ed 16 cut she ceeth ot when inaccurate teeth are penersted, Lower d= facie factors tan shonn by these curves most he eed bet Wich numerical knowledge of the feeors Hace! in pas Bl and by wing methods qublished in the lieerture ether dyoamie factor carves can be pee= paved for specie fields afaplicacin, 415 Then scrual dynamic loads ate computed or ineasured and ace ale ta che casnited tangectial Toad, the dypanie factor enn then be une 2.8 Figure 12 poruays she lfleccs of dimamic Jade a listed in per DLs Preciion gears operating at Pitch line telocisies above shaze shown ea catty, der favorable conditians, ineteneed loads a5 pitch Line velocity ievearen vertoad Factor ~C, 10.1 The oveslond factor maker allowances forthe roughness oe smoothness of operation of ooh the Incors can only be established after considerable AGMA 215.01 —Sepe., 1966 AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH 10.2 In decemining the overload face, consider: tion should be given te the face that many prine severe develop menenegy ovecoad torques appre Cis greater than those determined by she ame place ratings of either the prime mover or the driven 10:3 te the absence of specific overoad factors, the yous in Table 3 should be ured Table 2 Overlosd Factors = C,* ————eEeee (Character of Load _tmem Usenet soe jonas bass ' | oe bighee uipesece | as | nso | 20 i or kighes i Medion Shock | 1.50) 1 225 104 Service fssate have been extblished where field dace ix available for specific applications. These sevice factors include not only the ovecoad facto, bor slo she Seevice fectors for many applications are sted in AGMA. Standards, and should be used whenever plicable. Ifa specie service factor is used in Place of the oretoad factor Cy, we = value of LP MA The feet of salesr is intoduced ia cis Aesign for high eliablieg, orn some instances, to File dr oot ean tn inmediace file under se plied Lond, bar jm to offer the designer an apporinity 40 desig fora calealared ak esc lia of set fctors “Tables Factorof Satety ~ Reqiconeat of Application ce igh Reiaitiee 2.23 or higher Feverdian One Faure in 100} 1,00 | Fewer than One Failure in Three | o.s0+ IL AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH 12, tile Factor — Cy 121 The fe foe Toning fc the eegiced number of eycles. Cur adjurte ee allowable 122 Ac che present tine these Hs insufficient data ‘The din salable indieates hat the fatigue curves foe pitting wi indicaed io Figee 3 13, ‘Temperature Face ~ Cp 2 vniey when gents oper with ofl geae HM a4 fempermures not exceeding. 250°. Ty sone i eos itis necensry fo uke 2 Cy value pester than unity for cavurized gears operating at cil ardness Ratio Factor ~ Cy, wart ness ato facet, Cys depends en 2. hasdness of pion and peat 142 The gear hardens combinations shows in Table Shave been uued succeastli ‘Table 8 Topical Gear and Pinion ‘Grae Bn oe 14.8 The hacdneesesio eyo, Cy ten in Fare 1 ace based on experience wich Helical gears dex signed for inf life (Cj, = 1.0. 1, Alfowable Contact tess Number ~Sy¢ 13 The allowable comnce sere rUNber, yer pends oe 2 mechanical popes 3. munber of eves semper sesdual ness 15.2 Ao allowable contact stese munber for 10 alan cycles of load application is determined be Feld experience, foreach macerial and conition of that mera, This sess pumber iz designated 13:3 the alloyable contact stress number for gest feaerials caries considerable with heat weather, foesng or casting practice, and material eanpasicion. 154 The designes should consul ther AGM caring there, wherever applicable. Ifthe application docs or fe ny of thse entablished classes, then che Contact seas sunbers Hated in Table 6 may be eed a gue 15. Table 6, she lower values ate sugges! 6 general design purposes. sod wen high qsliey material i used when sec0 ion size and design allows wasinum reaponse (0 | The upper values may be hee tenimens and when proper ually) contol is slfeced by adequate inspection AGA 215.01—Sepe, 196 AGMA. INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH ‘Table 6 Allowable Coniact Stress Nunter — ,. Maceia on Moceiat | SRE ERT “Trough Hardened Gass ow : rs 5. 95,000 | AEWA Grade > e 300,000 AGMA Gade 30 | 75 Be | 65:75,000 20.in | rs.1ts,000 | scan Grade 0 | 200 Bin | 7583,000 500 abe | 120:133,000 [Nodular ton 50-10% oF 360 sho | 145160000 | Ansened 165 Bho | the ye value of 440 Bho 170-190,000 | Newmalized = 210 Bn | et wich Seal j Case Cactcized it Quench ss pio | the same rans | and temper | 2 Bares 338, %80-200,000 || eae Sage Brome sr fae oR, 200.2250 = Flame o Induedion Agua 200 40.000 30,000 of ‘2 1) Alvin Bronze an rogooo || 25002 ec32 0 63.00 200 | lly 98.2) 16, Elastic Coetticient ~C, Ep Hg = naitlus of elasticity for pinion and pearsespetivey 161, Tee alesse costicent, Cy, is dened by the cqunion below. Itt value for vastus combina: = 1 for geats with oooslocalized eo tions of gear and pinion matcials is shown in Tables fact (ost pur, helical and Tad 8 beingbone gears) = 5/2 for gence with localized con: lace (nose bevel gears) tp & tg * Poisson's ratio for pinion and exe cespecively =u AGMA INFORMATION SHEET SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR, HELICAL, HERRINGBONE AND BEVEL GEAR TEETH 1 a Gear Mcval and dls of Elastic eeaas Seat uss ton | Alanine Beene | Tin Brnee sox ie [xa | ansnie | tex toe ‘et 7 = 108 799 7 118 B29 Cast toe 19» 108 2000 sso | 1300 vo Alunioum Bionee | 17.3» 108 1950 woo | asso v0 Tin Bronze 16 = 108 1900 1750 1700 | 1650 Poiscon's Ras 0.50 NOTE: Then mare exact values af F are abained fram collet contact txt, they can Be Sed fe 8 Elastic Coefeient ~ (Gear Material and Modulus of Elasticity spt Modulus of ‘steel case tron | aluminum Bronze | Tin Bronce Blasciciy — 0 « 108 wee | arses | a6 106 Sel 30% 108 2800 2450 200 2350 (Cast tro 19 « 108 2650 50 2200 2130 ‘Aluninan Bronze | 175 » 10° 200 7200 2150 2100 Tin Drones 16 = 108 390 230 2100 2050 Poisson's axio = 0.30 y NOTE: Chea more exact values of Fare abtained fom roles contact est, they cam be use abe AGUA 215.01 — Sept. 1966 9 -yoLDvs NOLnBluisia avoT Yva9 “WorisH Il Old veads we Lon (s3HONN) HLGIM 30vd a 81 povoxe 2yypim 3905 ‘vou $0 /nui40} ‘aogo 950 SB 4389 uy tase" £2 #320" wy, aa ‘One| 0% bash uy a ‘0 = “9 “yoLovs NOILNEIwISIa avo SamivA NOILONGSY OMIM. SNOILONGZH TWNOILIGOY aNY HLuAoS YoS AGMA STANDARD SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF HELICAL AND HERRINGBONE GEAR TEETH Tale Allowable Contact Seoss Nunbor — sg =a can ea ~[ivoehTarlonad Tae bon . ae eee sia | EEISOS | Ag GSE 3 | Fin | eRe | lek f des ce to | soo es ‘Steel (eee Note 1) | = “Annealed 165 Dhe, She AGES | satis | om | | gla oe | ot qn Se. saee oe fen ear | staal taeat 25s hn | bacdaess SE come | Fall ere | at 7 aber be ze [FAR un | nom | somo oe . Sn o3 3.000 | 3eru'B aes | 90,000 63,000 — a Nowe 1. For minimum case depths a the pth daneter aa shown in Figute 5s GEOMETRY FactoR-T GEAR RATIO (A) tah DEGREE _ PRESSURE ANGLE STANDARD. AODEND: tips 30 Nips 26 ‘t aso} 3 iE i a 2 i i § ceo I f (eee pa EE os0 - = Crees ater 6 ean RATIO (2) 20 DEGREE PRESSURE ANGLE” FULL DEPTH TEETH STANDARD ADDENOUM » 2 Pa T zo] | 5 fed B 109] E gon] of ' i 70 cea nar (c) 20. OcGREE PRESSURE ANGLE. STUB TEETH— stawoaRo ABDENDU= 2 "1 OTE: ALL CURVES ARE FOR THE LOWEST, FONT OF Siva STH GouTACT ON THE. PON FIG. 1 EXTERNAL SPUR PINION GEOMETRY FACTOR~Z FOR STANDARD CENTER DISTANCES + 50 OR MORE SHAFT ANGLE ~90" : SPIRAL ANGLE 39" + PRESSURE ANGLE ~20° “wumben oF teeta ceaR | ‘0 70 | 0. 90-4 NUMBER OF TEETH IN PINION 380 00 20 740) 760 7e0 GEOMETRY FACTOR — FIG. 2 GEOMETRY FACTORS FOR SPIRAL GEVEL GEARS IAFT ANGLE PRESSURE ANGLE NUMBER OF TEETH IN PINION rol 020 080 060. "080 100) eo 740 ‘GEOMETRY FACTOR =I e FIG. 3 GEOMETRY FACTORS FOR STRAIGHT AND ZEROL BEVEL GEARS PINION FIG. 4 EXAMPLE OF LOAD. TEETH ear PS some eon A PINION AND GEAR MISALIGNMENT UNDER NO CONTACT AT LEFT HAND END AND ARE OPEN. AT RIGHT HAND ENO. Loan FACE WIOTH=F FIG.§ LOAD DISTRIBUTION ACROSS FACE WIDTH FOR VARIOUS CONTACT CONDITIONS Wy ‘W; = TANGENTIAL LOAD — Les 1000 = ALIGNMENT ERROR — INCHES/INCH 6 15,000 +4000 13,000 12,000) 11,000 10,000 F 9,000 8,000 7000 6000 5,000 3 8 « g 2 2 Fon - ed F = FACE WIDTH (INCHES) 3,000 2,000 1,000 FIG. 6 SPUR GEAR LOAD DISTRIBUTION FACTOR ~ Cm Wa | Wer TANGENTIAL Load - LOS To00e | e= ALIGNMENT ERROR -INCHES/INCH Cer 15,000) 1400] 13,000] = ERROR COEFFICIENT - Co FORCE F= FACE WIDTH (INCHES) FIG7 HELICAL, GEAR LOAD DISTRIBUTION FACTOR ~ Cm blaMeTRaL prTea 20 {10 020 080 040 050 060 G70 080 080 100 110 120 [APPROKIMATE. TOTAL DEPTH OF CASE FIG. 10 DIAMETRAL PITCH vs TOTAL CASE DEPTH FOR BEVEL GEARS HARDNESS - RATIO FACTOR ~ Cy Lie BRINELL OF PINION BRINELL OF GEAR WHEN K C12 USE G,#1.00} Lie Los Loa SINGLE REDUCTION GEAR RATIO FIG. 14 HARDNESS - RATIO FACTOR - Cy bm) YOLOVS 3317 €1 ‘Old ee a a a a 2 : Yo wo1ovs 33m AGMA STANDARD SURFACE DURABILITY (PITTING) OF SPUR GEAR TEETH [iar of ingle tooth comer of the pinion. The geometry fnctr for this positon of beading in as operating pessure angle — degrees O59 = opecssing. teh diomeser of gear — inches %_ = distance (aches) measured along the lige f scion fom che pitch pone tothe Towest point of single coth comet (Gee Figure 41) Values fr 2, for one Sismecal pitch are shown in’ Figues Ad and A for aandord apetating center distances, Values fr Z, for any dia mera pitch cam Be obsined by dividing shee caluee by the diame! pie, 3.2 Geamecry facut for standan) cenet Sistances tooth geomet. sce Spponiin AGUA 210.2 — Jan, 1965, APPENDIX A DERIVATION OF GEOMETRY FACTOR (0) FOR A PINION AT THE LOWEST POINT ‘OF SINGLE TOOTH CONTACT 4. STANDARD CENTER DISTANCE mesh at che Towest aioe of single toth conte I 1 The contact atone for gett me: eq = cecicin deeming one pe of ene (cons ane err ene ie tensile ste28 sy ~ sat ferent of tien 1 and 2 she pie of comes — chet 1.2 The geanecy fate i yo (#8) (et mR) \ é ere: > by = sind + Ze sere peu 2 ° Ryo Pande veal gens ao Saad APPENDIX A 1D. ~ operating pitch diameter of gear — inches = operating pice ameter of pinion — Jnches ixcance Gnches) measured along the line of action fom the peck pola co the lowest pot of Sapte toh contact, (Se Fipue AI), Values for Z, foe one diametsal pitch te stows ia Figues 42 and 43, Values fot Z, fr diameral ich, Py ean be strained by dividing dhe values loom Piguee 42 ad AS bythe dismal pec, ‘neem gears awe River FIG, A-| DIAGRAM FOR THE DISTANCE ~ Zc FIG. A-1 DIAGRAM FOR THE DISTANCE ~ Ze Zo INCHES 194°— pRessuRE ANGLE + - 1 —DIAMETRAL PITCH 2 30° 40, ‘3060 70 60 80 100 os, NUMBER OF PINION TEETH FIG. A~2 Z_—bISTANCE ALONG THE PITCH POINT TO THE TOOTH CONTACT ON Ti CENTER DISTANCES, LINE OF ACTION FROM THE LOWEST POINT OF SINGLE HE PINION FOR STANDARD 20] 20 g g 2 os jos 1, 1 ql -o8 -os 20°— PRESSURE ANGLE | —DIAMETRAL PITCH ‘ 10 FE H 10 0 20 3040 $0 60 70 80 $0 100 NUMBER OF PINION TEETH FIG. A~3 Z_— DISTANCE ALONG THE LINE OF ACTION FROM THE PITCH POINT TO THE LOWEST POINT OF SINGLE TOOTH CONTACT ON THE PINION FOR STANDARD CENTER DISTANCES. APPENDIX B GEOMETRY FACTOR FOR A SPUR GEAR AT THE LOWEST POINT OF SINGLE TOOTH CONTACT 1. NONSTANDARD CENTER DSTANCES O SPECIAL TooTH GeowETRY 1A. The expression for geomeny factor isthe we for sh standard and novstandaed centr distances, howerer the value of Z, must be cleclted when non-eandardceners are used, wheeeas for standard center, the Figures 2 0 AS. value of 2, can be obteined fe 1.2 The expeessin fr the geometry facto (1) is tome (Se) (2-4) Swern genre sing presse aagle — degrees 1D = operating pitch diameter of gear — lnches 4 = operating pitch dnmesee of pinion — inches. 2, = diseance measured slong the lise of ae tooth eneact — inches, point of single Py = base pitch — inches 2, = ddendum potion of line faction — inches. AGMA STANDARD for Surface Durability (Pitting) of Spur Gear Teeth AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION avenue, MWh, @ Wathingion, B.C, 20005 falter af azresnent Betweon the eastonet FIG, 9 DEPTH OF EFFECTIVE CASE AT PITCH LINE FOR SPUR, HELICAL AND HERRINGBONE GEARS = SS ToTaL CASE OERTH 18 THE DEATH Brauer ee canaon” CONTENT, Bf SN Eage aio cone ame EDUAL pppoxinare MMMM. DEETH OF CASE (INCHES) FIG. 6 DEPTH OF CASE AT PITCH LINE Fon SPOR GzMRe, ate eras Yog aNM ft] ROLEWELINVITWRIOH = RLAI“SevO-SaTOSaTS—WAaTN | ee eee BAL03443 40 H1d30 ¢ ‘Ol (SHON HLeDO 36vO 2A495449 nONININ °u oF 40 SSaNOUYH RONININ Y SoH OWI 35¥0 30 M1930 SI HisO 25¥9 3N1L93449 APPENDIX B BEVEL GEAR GEOMETRY FACTOR 1, Geometry Factor ~ I La The geonetiy factors, eay be taken fom Graph Nos. 2 and 3 for most ofthe ev case Mie ale tsacior eanot be eaten fom the graph for ove ofthe reasons given previously, ic willbe teocnvaty t determine the [factor by the following eqestions ay evel goa design. , Sees here .: Se Fh eth af he ine f contact the insane when he conte stens is © Face width, Hf de face wit of gee and fini ae noe equal ust she smaller value, 2, Sep * Bae = length of action in the mean acral seca. Bop = Run = Rive ~ Rup sin t tee > Vide = Rise ~ Reon? Ryup © Rye + up = eutside sive of pinion io mean normal section. Rene * Bye + 46 = owtide cadiue of gear in meas ormal secon. Raye = Ryp coo = base radi f pinion in mean noxmal section. Rane ~ Ry €08 b= bute adi of gear in mean nocnal section. Rye = Rpsee!si = pitch adie f pion in mean ners section. Rye = Re see? W = pltch ius af gsr ia mean nara seis. ‘ % == piteheadioe of pinion in aeaa transverse section. — = pitch sins of gear ia mean enosvere section. Ay Teor = cues cone distance. ap ne APPENDIX B Ay

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