API Tank Standards Update

2012 API Storage Tank Conference

San Diego, California
October 24 - 25, 2012
Steve Crimaudo
Senior Associate, API Standards

API Tank Standards Update

From Petroleum Facts At A Glance
August 2012 release
U.S. deliveries from primary storage of motor gasoline
in August 2012: 8,893,000 b/d (August 2011: 8,925,000
b/d). [API]
U.S. deliveries from primary storage of distillate fuel oil
(home heating and diesel) in August 2012: 3,670,000 b/d
(August 2011: 4,009,000 b/d). [API]
Total petroleum products delivered to the domestic
market in August 2012: 18,573,000 b/d (August 2011:
19,415,000 b/d). [API]
www.api.org - Publications Standards & Statistics
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API History
1919: API founded as non-profit national trade
association, New York City
1980s: API relocates to Washington, DC
1995: API Dallas Standards Office relocates to
Washington, DC
2007: Opened first of 3 planned international
offices in Beijing, China
2011: Singapore and Dubai, UAE offices opened
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Background on API Standards

Program
The API Standardization Department was formed
in 1923, with the first API standard published the
following year on drilling threads.
All industry segments now active in
standardization:
Exploration and Production
Pipeline Transportation
Refining
Marketing

API Standards
API now publishes more than 600
technical standards covering all aspects
of the oil and natural gas industry
Foundation of Self Supporting Programs
Basis for Worldwide Operations
Core of Institutes Technical Authority

Standards Development Process

The API Standards program is accredited by
the American National Standards Institute
(ANSI) the program was reaccredited by
ANSI in Oct. 2011 following a 2010 audit.
- Openness, Balance, Consensus, Due Process
- Regular program audits (conducted by ANSI)

Transparent process (anyone can comment on

any document in process)
- All comments must be considered
6

Standards Development Process

Developed by consensus (does not mean unanimity)
Committee balance between users/owner operators,
manufacturers and contractors/consultants
Standards developed using ANSI approved API
Standards Development Procedures (available on-line
at www.api.org)
API corporate membership is not a requirement for
participation on API standardization committees.
Support from your management to participate is.
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Use of API Standards

De facto international standards
Adoption by reference common by State and
Federal agencies BSEE, USCG, DOT, OSHA
and EPA
API does not promote adoption - prefer voluntary use

Written for flexibility as performance based

documents

API Standards Committee Structure

Committee on
Standardization of
Oilfield Equipment
& Materials

Committee on
Petroleum
Measurement

Committee on
Refinery
Equipment

Marketing/Aviation
Pipeline Transportation
Safety & Fire Protection

To support the Standards there are Certification programs:

API Monogram Program, Individual Certification Programs
and others,
www.api.org

- Certification Programs
9

AST Standards
API publishes over 70 standards, recommended practices, and bulletins
covering various aspects of tank operations
Design & Construction
Inspection
Measurement and emissions
Safety & Fire Protection - Safe Entry, Overfill Protection
Environmental - Leak detection, Release Prevention, Emissions

For committee access:

mycommittees.api.org/standards/cre/scast/default.aspx

Next Standards meeting: April 23 25, 2012

www.api.org/events-and-training/calendar-of-events.aspx
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AST Standards - History

[From 653 - Annex A: Background on Past Editions of
API Welded Storage Tank Standards]
API published a specification for welded steel storage
tanks in July 1936 entitled API Standard 12C, All-Welded
Oil Storage Tanks. Fifteen editions and seven
supplements to API 12C were published between 1936
and 1958.
API 12C was replaced by API Standard 650, Welded
Tanks for Oil Storage in December 1961; 11 editions and
22 supplements, revisions or addenda to API 650 have
been issued since.
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Design & Construction

API 620, Design and Construction of Large, Welded,
Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
Designed for metal temperatures not greater than
250F and with pressures in their gas or vapor
spaces not more than 15 lbf/in. sq. gauge
Appendix Q covers liquefied gases at temperatures
not lower than 325F
Appendix R covers refrigerated products at
temperatures from +40F to 60F

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Current Edition of API 620

Addendum 3 to the 11th Edition was
published March 2012
The 12th Edition is currently being worked

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Approved Changes to API 620

Spring 2012 - 1
620-313:
Purpose:

620-321:
Purpose:

Reword References to A36, Mod 1 and

A36 Mod 2
To clarify existing confusion.

Telltale Hole in Q & R tanks

Allow Closure of Telltale hole on warm
vapor and purge gas containers

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Approved Changes to API 620

Spring 2012 - 2
620-323:
Purpose:

620-324:
Purpose:

Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) of

Appendix Q & R Tanks
Provide rule to allow SSI for unanchored
tanks in certain conditions.

Warm Product Vapor Container Metallic

Wall Liner Welds
Provide clarification for metallic wall liner
welds.
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Approved Changes to API 620

Spring 2012 - 3
620-325:

L.4 Applicability to Appendix R

Purpose:

Add reference to Appendix R for

consistency with provisions of API 625

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API Standard 625 - Tank Systems for

Refrigerated, Liquified Gas Storage
API 625 is a new standard for refrigerated tank
systems

Integrates the three related standards - API 625, API

620 and ACI 376
Brings American standards up to date with coverage of
the single, double and full containment concepts

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API Standard 625 - Tank Systems for

Refrigerated, Liquified Gas Storage
API 625 and the revisions to API 620 were worked by
the Refrigerated Tank Task Group (RTTG) for several
years.
API 625, Tank Systems for Refrigerated Liquefied Gas
Storage 1st Edition was published August 2010
Addendum 1 to the 1st Edition is currently being worked.

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Tank Design & Construction

API 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage
Primary construction code for refinery and storage
terminal ASTs
Covers material, design, fabrication, erection
and testing requirements
For tanks whose entire bottom is uniformly supported

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Current Edition of API 650

API 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage
Addendum 3 to API 650, 11th Edition was
published August 2011
Errata to catch additional revisions were published
October 2011
Page Proofs for the 12 Edition are currently being
worked

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Approved Changes to API 650

Spring 2012 - 1
650-710:
Purpose:

Tables 5-4a and 5-4b Revisions

Minimize the risk of misinterpretation that may
lead to either non-conservative design or
overly-conservative determination of the
required manhole neck thickness.

650-720:
Purpose:

Sump Installation
Add guidance on sump installation

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Approved Changes to API 650

Spring 2012 - 2
650-741:
Purpose:

Vertical Seismic
Reduce vertical seismic design conflicts for
API 620, Appendix L and API 650, Appendix
E designed tanks

650-745:

Correction to Seismic Ai Formula Trigger

used in Appendix E
Correction of Trigger for equation E.4.6.1-3.

Purpose:

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Approved Changes to API 650

Spring 2012 - 3
650-748:

Removal of NFPA 780 Reference in API 650

Purpose:

Current NFPA requirements for static drains

introduce new hazards to drain dry tanks.
Interim fix is editorial change to point NFPA
to previous edition.

Purpose:

Update to NFPA 780 introduced new hazard.

Reference to 780 no longer was supported
based on operational procedures in the
standard.
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Approved Changes to API 650

Spring 2012 - 4
650-751:
Purpose:

650-752:
Purpose:

Self Supporting Aluminum Roofs Appendix

AL 5.6.5. and AL 5.6.6
To revise Appendix AL compression ring
allowable stress.

Modify Allowable Shell Stress at Anchor

Attachment
To make the tank shell stress calculations at
anchor attachment transparent.
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Approved Changes to API 650

Spring 2012 - 5

650-755:

Emergency venting provided by aluminum

dome peripheral flashing.

Purpose:

To revise the area covered by peripheral

flashing per 650 Section 5.8.5.3.

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API 650 now part of

API Monogram Program
New APPENDIX Y: API MONOGRAM (informative)
Y.1 Introduction
Y.2 API Monogram Marking Requirements
Licenses for:
- Shop Built Tanks (Appendix J) and
- Fabricated Steel Plates
are available
www.api.org

- Certification Programs
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API 650 API Monogram Program

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API 650 API Monogram Program

Active 650 Monogram Licenses:
Imeteco S.A.
Guayas, Ecuador

- 650-0001

Ferrofab F.Z.E.
Dubai, United Arab Emirates

- 650-0002

Carlos Caballero SRL

Santa Cruz, Bolivia

- 650-0005

Palmer Mfg & Tank, Inc.

Garden City, Kansas

- 650-0006

Haug S.A.
Callao, Peru

- 650-0007
(Applicant)

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Tank Inspection
API 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and
Reconstruction
Referenced or adopted in state and federal regulations
Minimum requirements for maintaining the integrity of
tanks after they are placed in service
Applicable to welded, riveted, non refrigerated, and
atmospheric pressure ASTs

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Current Edition of API 653

API 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and
Reconstruction
Addendum 2 to the 4th Edition was published
January 2012

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Approved Changes to API 653

Spring 2012 - 2
653-255:
Purpose:

Examiner vs. Inspector

Define and clarify the use of examiner and
inspector throughout API 653

653-256:

API 653 Tolerance for New Foundations for

Existing Tanks
To establish tolerances for new foundations
for existing tanks

Purpose:

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Approved Changes to API 653

Spring 2012 - 2
653-252:
Purpose:

Clarify Surveying Practice During Hydrotest of

Existing Tanks
To address when a settlement survey is
required, during hydrotest of an existing tank
that has undergone repairs.

653-254:
Purpose:

Sump Installation
Add guidance on sump installation

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Additional Standards being

revised by SCAST - 1

12 Series Documents
The 12 Series Task Group has begun work on to update
the 12 Series Production Tank Standards and
Specifications.

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Additional Standards being

revised by SCAST - 2
Tank Safe Entry Documents
Revisions to API Standard 2015, Requirements for Safe
Entry and Cleaning of Petroleum Storage Tanks, Sixth
Edition, 2006 - are currently being balloted
Revisions to API Recommended Practice 2016,
Guidelines and Procedures for Entering and Cleaning
Petroleum Storage Tanks, First Edition, 2006 - are
currently being worked.
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Additional Standards being

revised by SCAST - 3
Tank Cathodic Protection and Lining Documents
Revisions to RP 651, Cathodic Protection of Aboveground
Petroleum Storage Tanks, Third Edition, 2007 - are
currently being balloted
Revisions to RP 652, Linings of Aboveground Petroleum
Storage Tank Bottoms, Third Edition, 2005 - are currently
being balloted.

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Inspection Codes
API 570 - Piping Inspection Code
First published in 1993
Minimum requirements for inspection, repair,
alteration, and rerating of in-service process
piping systems
Complements API Standards 510 and 653

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Additional API Inspection Codes

RP 574 - Inspection of Piping, Tubing, Valves, and Fittings
RP 575 - Inspection of Aboveground Storage Tanks
RP 576 - Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices
RP 578 - Material Verification Program for New and Existing
Alloy Piping Systems
RP 579 - Fitness-for-Service

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Release Prevention & Leak Detection

Pub. 306 - An Engineering Assessment of Volumetric
Methods of Leak Detection in Aboveground Storage
Tanks
Pub. 307 - An Engineering Assessment of Acoustic Methods
of Leak Detection in Aboveground Storage Tanks
Pub. 315 - Assessment of Tankfield Dike Lining Materials
and Methods
Pub. 322/323 - An Engineering Assessment of
Volumetric/Acoustic Methods of Leak Detection in
Aboveground Storage Tanks
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Marketing Operations
Recent Activity:
Work currently to develop a new:
Light Product Quality Recommended Practice RP 1640
similar to RP 1595 for Jet Fuel though with less requirements.

Also:
API Recommended Practice 1626, Storing and Handling Ethanol and
Gasoline-ethanol Blends at Distribution Terminals and Filling Stations
Second Edition was published in August 2010
API Recommended Practice 1615, Installation of Underground Petroleum
Storage Tank Systems
Sixth Edition was published in March 2011
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Measurement
MPMS Chap 2 - Tank Calibration
MPMS Chap 3 - Tank Gauging
MPMS Chap 4 - Proving Systems
MPMS Chap 16 - Measurement of Hydrocarbon Fluids
by Weight or Mass
MPMS Chap 19 Emission Calculations
(Developed with EPA review and commentary.)
Note: MPMS = Manual of Petroleum Measurement
Standards which is maintained by the COPM,
Committee on Petroleum Measurement

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Emissions
MPMS Chap 193 Part D - Fugitive Emissions Test Method of
Deck-Seam Loss Factors for Floating Roof Tanks
MPMS Chap 194 - Recommended Practice for Speciation of
Evaporative Losses
Pub. 2557 - Vapor Collection and Control Operations for
Storage and Transfer Operations in the Petroleum Industry
Pub. 4588 - Development of Fugitive Emission Factors and
Emission Profiles for Petroleum Marketing Terminals,
Volume 1
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Other Related Publications

Std 2000 - Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure
Storage Tanks: Non refrigerated and Refrigerated
RP 651 - Cathodic Protection of Aboveground
Storage Tanks
STD 2510 - Design and Construction of Liquefied
Petroleum Gas Installations (LPG) Committee to
revise and update is currently being formed

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API Tank Standards Update

Thank you!
Stephen Crimaudo
Senior Associate, API Standards
1220 L Street, NW
Washington, DC 20005-4070
Phone: 202-682-8151

crimaudos@api.org
www.api.org
mycommittees.api.org/standards/cre/scast/default.aspx

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