Reading Hydraulic

Schematics
Lecture 9

Purpose of Hydraulic
Schematics
Schematics are drawings that you
can use to see how a system is put
together
Schematics can be used to locate
where a component is located
Useful for troubleshooting

Pumps
Uses a circle with an
arrow pointing out
Denotes fixed
displacement
Variable displacement
has a diagonal line
going through it

Motors
Similar to a pump,
except the arrow is
pointing in
If it has 2 arrows, it is
bidirectional
A diagonal arrow
means it is variable
displacement

Pressure Relief Valves

The dashed line
indicates internal
passages
Can have a spring,
or can be pressure
operated (sequence
valve)
Pilot operated can
be marked with a P

Cylinders
Can be single or double acting
Single acting have only one port

Control Valves
Can be tandem (allows
flow to tank when closed

Can be closed center

(allows no flow in the
system)

Control Valves
Can be open center (allows flow on
both sides of the valve)

4 way valves control double acting

cylinders
3 way valves control single acting
cylinders

Filters and Coolers

Filters are shown by a diagonal box
with a dotted line through it

Oil Coolers are similar except that

the line is solid

Oil Reservoir Tanks

Usually one line into it, but can be
several
Can be several tank symbols in
one drawing, but only one common
tank

Gauges
Oil temperature gauges

Oil pressure gauges

Hydraulic Check Valves

Can use a ball and seat or a spring
behind the ball

Hydrostatic Transmissions
Usually a variable pump and a
motor coupled together
Can use a variable motor also

Other Symbols
Other symbols are used by certain
manufacturers
Usually marked or have a legend
describing part
Most schematics do not place parts
where they actually are on the
machine
Must use other manuals to locate parts

Websites and Resources

http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.
com
http://www.parker.com
Vickers Mobile Hydraulics Manual
Parker Industrial Hydraulics