Principles and Applications of

Electrodes

Purposes or end sought

To become familiar with
phenomena; to gain new
insights; to formulate a
more specific research
problem or research
hypothesis.

Types of research

To portray accurately
the incidence,
distribution, and
characteristics of a
group or situation.
(Usually not begun
with specific
hypothesis.)

(Explore)

(Describe)

To investigate
relationships
between variables.
(Begins with
specific
hypotheses.)

(Explain
Predict)

To test
hypoteses of
causal
relationships
between
variables.
(Begins with
specific
hypotheses.)

(Control)

Descriptive Research
Correlational/Ex Post Facto
Survey Research

Exp./Quasi-Exp.

Independent Variables
Independent variables (X) not controlled by investigator

Independent Var.
(X) controlled by
investigator