DESIGN AND

FABRICATION
OF
RICE

SEEDLING
TRANSPLANTER

PADDY TRANSPLANTER

A transplanter is an agricultural machine used for

transplanting seedlings to the field.
This is very important as it reduces the time taken to
transplant seedlings (when compared to manual
transplanting), thus allowing more time for harvesting.
Hence, Paddy Transplanter is one type of transplanter which
plants paddy seedlings to the field.

INTRODUCTION

Paddy is the rice grain with husk. It is a wetland crop,

which extensively grows all over the world.
Rice cultivation is well-suited to countries and regions
with low labour costs and high rainfall.
In 20th century, transplanter was invented to plant the
seedling into the land which reduced the human efforts
and consumed less time.

MANUAL METHOD

In early days, People used to plant the seedlings by their

hands. They used the ropes to plant the seedlings.

PROBLEM DEFINITION

The existing paddy transplanter involves the complex mechanism it

creates problem like
Frequent replacements of links,
Farmer cannot repair by their own,
Pulling force required is more.
Costs about Rs. 18000

DESIGN VIEW

WORKING PRINCIPLE

Paddy seedlings are kept in the tray and allowed to flow

down under gravity.
The fork which is attached to shaft picks up the seedlings
from the tray and keeps it in horizontal position on the
skid.
The motion for the shaft is given by hand using chain and
sprocket arrangement.
Here, Simple four bar mechanism is used to plant paddy
seedlings into the land.

COMPONENT DESIGN

Four Bar linkage

Chain
Sprockets
Tray
Shaft
Fork

FOUR BAR LINKAGE


The four bars in link are as follows
Crank - can rotate a full 360 degrees
Lever - can rotate through a limited range of angles
Connecting rod connects the crank and lever
Fixed frame fixed part in linkage.

DIMENSIONS OF
FOUR BAR
LINKAGE

Length of crank

= 3.5 units

Length of lever
=6
units
Length of connecting rod = 10 units
Length of fixed frame
= 8 units
GRASHOF CONDITION
S+L P+Q
3.5 + 10 6+8
13.5 14
Hence Grashof condition is satisfied.

SPROCKET

We use Sprockets for hand driving wheel and in the shaft

for rotating the fork and four bar mechanism.
Calculation of Speed of Rotation
Z1=No. of teeth on sprocket pinion
Z2=No. of teeth on sprocket wheel
N1=Speed of rotation of pinion
N2=Speed of rotation of wheel

Speed of wheel driven by hand N2=25 rpm

(optimum value)
No. of teeth in sprocket wheel Z2=40

No. of teeth in sprocket pinion Z1=18

Transmission Ratio i
N1/N2= Z2/Z1
Z2/Z1= 40/18
= 2.2
Therefore,
N1 = 2.2 x 25
Speed of rotation of pinion
= 55rpm.

DIAMETER OF SPOCKET

D1=P/sin(180/Z1)
=2.2/sin(180/18)
=12.6 units
D2=P/sin(180/Z2)
=2.2/sin(180/40)
=28.4 units

CHAINS

The chains are used to transmit the power from hand

driving wheel to the shaft in which forks are attached and
it is also to transmit the power to the four bar mechanism

Calculation of Chain
Length

Length of chain:
L = Lp x p
Where Lp is the chain length in pitches (i.e. approximate no. of links)
p = Pitch of chain
Now to find Pitch P:
C=p x Cp
Cp = Approximate Center distance in pitches =( 30 to 50) DDHB
Assume Cp =50
Where C is the center distance and assumed it as 110 units
Then
C=p x Cp
110 = 50p
p= 2.2 units

Now to find length Lp,

Lp = 2Cp +0.5 (Z1+Z2)+ ((0.026x(z2-z1)2)/Cp) (approx)

Where C is the approx. center distance in multiples of pitches

p

Lp = 2x50+0.5 (18+40)+ ((0.026x(40-18) 2)/50)

=129.25 units
Length of chain =Lp x p
=129.25x22
=284 units

TRAY

Tray is used to keep the paddy seedlings on the

transplanter.
Sheet metal is metal formed by an industrial process into
thin, flat pieces.
DIMENSIONS OF TRAY
Length of sheet metal
= 53.5units
Breadth of sheet metal
= 26 units
Thickness of sheet
metal = 0.1 units

SHAFT

Shaft is a revolving rod that transmits motion or power

Here, the one shaft contains forks and another shaft
contains four bar linkage and power is taken from the
hand driven wheel by chains and sprockets.
SHAFT DIMENSIONS:
Length of the shaft = 30 units (it is space required between
the paddy seedlings)
Diameter of shaft = 2 units (it is the optimum diameter for
30cm shaft

FORK

Fork is used to pick up the paddy seedling from tray and

to keep it on skid.
There are two forks attached to shaft and distance in
between two fork is 30units.
The motion to fork is giving by shaft.
Total length of fork is 28units

EXISTING MODEL VS PROPOSED MODEL

DESCRIPTION

EXISTING MODEL

PROPOSED
MODEL

WEIGHT

25

15

AMOUNT (Rs.)

18000

9000

ADVANTAGES

Reduces the human effort to a maximum extent.

Simple design compared to the existing model.
Easy to repair by Farmers itself and maintenance is less.
Pulling force is greatly reduced by decreasing the
weight of the model .

LIMITATIONS

Transplanter can be operated continuously only for 4-5

hours.
Healthy persons can only be able to pull the
transplanter.


Thank you

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