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CHAPTER 4

H ARD W ARE

H ARD W ARE
Is the physical part of the computer

system that is hard and can be


touched.

H ARD W ARE
It is classified as:
a. Input devices converts data from

users natural input like touch,


sound and sight into electronic
signals identified by computers.

Input D evices
Keyboard a keyboard detects

pressure and activates a switch that


initiates the keyboard processor to
produce an electronic signal
primarily based on the extended
ASCII code and sent to the
processors to be displayed on the
screen as characters. It may be used
to do other actions as specified and
controlled by the active program.

Mouse - is a handheld pointing

device. It makes use of an optical


sensor that measures relative
distance moved by the mouse on a
flat surface.
a. Opto mechanical mouse has a
ball under its body that rolls as the
body is moved by the hand.
b. Optical mouse an optical mouse
makes use of visible light that hits
the surface on which the mouse is
resting.

b. Output devices convert electronic


data into something which users can
understand like a printout, or
displayed image or played sound.

O utput D evices
Monitor - is the most essential

output device in computer systems.


4 types based on the principles used:
a. Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) is a
vacuum tube with a narrow end
containing an electron gun and a
wide flat end that serves as the
display
b. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is a
wafer composed of several plastic

c. Plasma Display is an assembly of


glass panels that holds in between
many tiny cells that hold inert
mixture of noble gases.
d. Light Emitting Diode (LED) It
consists of hundreds of thousands of
tiny light emitting diodes.

Printer
a. Laser Printer Fastest among the

different types of printer.


b. Inkjet or bubblejet are most
affordable and the most popular.
c. Dot matrix slow and noisy but still
commonly used because of its
sturdiness, cheaper and lowmaintenance ink ribbon, and ability
to print on multiform receipts and
wide-sized papers.

d. Thermal Printer - uses LED to write


on heat sensitive papers.

c. Input / Output devices convert an


input signal into another signal and
back.
Input / Output Devices
Boards
a. Motherboard largest board in the
system unit.

b. Daughter boards smaller boards


inserts into slots of the motherboard
to add functionality to or enhance
the function of the latter.

Processor simply processor or CPU,

is an integrated circuit designed to


process data and instructions.

Memory All Data necessary to boot

a computer plus to run an application


program is somewhat similar to
registers but much larger in size to
accommodate many instructions and
data to be processed.

Hard disk drives main storage for

most computer systems.

Disk drives contains a spindle that

rotates the disk over a laser module

Connectivity devices
a. Wired
b. Wireless

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