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[MUSIC]
Hello, and welcome back.
Today I'm going to discuss hormones and
receptors.
My colleague Dr. St Leger is going to
discuss specific example
of Hormone receptor action, so I want to
introduce the concept.
The human body's composed of trillions of
cells, and
all of those cells need to communicate
with each other.
One of the ways they communicate through
chemical messengers such as hormones.
Hormones are released through the
endocrine system from an endocrine gland.
And hormones are transported
through your blood to target cells.
The target cell for a specific hormone
will have receptor,
which is a special protein that binds to
that specific hormone.
One specific type of hormone class or
steroid hormones.
Steroid hormones are useful as chemical
messenger, because
they are cheap, fast and easy to make.
Cholestors is the
[UNKNOWN]
to make steroid hormones, which is widely
available in your system.
When steroid hormones bind to the receptor
of this forms of
hormone receptor complex and this will be
transported in the nucleus itself.
And if you remember, the nucleus is where
the DNA is held.
The hormone-receptor complex will activate
gene expression.
Some examples of steroid hormones
are cortisol, estrogen, progesterone and
testosterone.
This is an example of direct gene
activation by steroid hormone action.
You'll probably remember gene expression
is regulated by promoters and activators.
And chemicals like hormones, that are
present in our
body, can affect gene expression by
interacting with these sequences.
If you're male, you'll make and
release testosterone and this testosterone
in early
development will direct your body, to make
primary sex characteristics associated
with being male.
Then at puberty, that testosterone will
direct gene