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Micro-organisms

The word MICRO


means very small.
(So you need a
Microscope to see
it!)
Micro-organism Man!

Micro-organisms

Micro-organisms
Micro- very small
Organism- a living thing.

So Micro-organisms are very


small living things!
N.B Viruses are often classed as microorganisms but technically they are NON-Living
so call them Microbes instead!
Microorganism
man

Bacteria

The good the bad and the ugly!

Bacteria are small living single celled


organisms that can come in good
(beneficial) forms and bad (pathogenic)
forms that cause disease.

Some
different
shapes of
bacteria

Structure of bacteria
Flagellum (Tail for movement)

Cytoplasm
Strand
of DNA

Cell wall
Cell
membrane

Slimy capsule

Bacteria can double in number


every 20 minutes!

The motility (movement) of some


bacteria in culture.

How fast!

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

During this lesson we are going


to grow some of the bacteria
that are found in this room on a
petri dish . (exciting stuff huh!)

Good bacteria

Did you know Farts are made from


methane gas which is produced by
the bacteria in your gut?

Good bacteria

Bacteria help to
break down
faeces (poo) in
sewage works.

Bad bacteria in the mouth


cause teeth to rot.
Mouth bacteria

Mouth bacterium

MRSA- the bacterial


superbug!
Methicillin Resistant
S taphylococcus a ureus
Methicillin
(an
antibiotic)
WONT
Work to
cure this
infection!

Its not popcorn! Its a


picture of a virus!

Viruses
Viruses are extremely small

Viruses are extremely small


(much smaller than bacteria)
NON-LIVING microbes that need
a host cell so that they can
reproduce and survive.

NON-LIVING
because they
do not fulfil all of the
MRS GREN criteria.

Structure of viruses

How viruses replicate inside cells

Examples of viruses

A T4 bacteriophage. This
infects only bacterial cells,
in this case only E. coli

The HIV virus. This attacks


T4 lymphocytes. It is
responsible for AIDS.

One sneeze can transmit many cold virus


particles

Bird flu virus

Measles virus

Electron microscope
measles virus

Boy with measles

picture of the

Viruses cause cold sores, warts


and verucae

Foot and mouth disease is caused


by a virus and is VERY infectious
for cows

From this

To this

Treatment of viral infections

Why did the mushroom want


to go out with the toadstool?
Because he was a Fungi to be
with!

Fungi

Fungi are organisms that produce spores


and come in the form of moulds, yeasts,
mushrooms and toadstools.

They also help things to rot and breakdown


which is an essential process in the cycle of
life.

Examples of fungi
Mould growing a
bread bun

There can be good forms of


fungus (used to make
bread/beer) and bad forms
(Mould, Athletes foot and
thrush).

Yeast cells budding

Mould and fungus causes


things to breakdown

Fungus taking over

Athletes foot

Oral thrush

Thrush yeast cells

A Pathogen is something that


causes disease

(So a pathogen
is the scientific name for a germ!)

Some micro-organisms are VERY


pathogenic and DANGEROUS

So you have to be super careful!

How well do you wash your


hands?

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