DEFINITION

Law enacted by

Legislature

Bodies or persons
authorized by
legislature

Primary
legislations

Delegated /
Subsidiary
legislations

1/4/194610/9/1959:Ordinance
Federal level
PARLIAMENT

Afterwards:Act
Partnership Act
1960

Legislature

State level
STATE
LEGISLATIVE
ASSEMBLY

All states:Enactments
Selangor Islamic
Family Law
Enactment 1984
Sarawak:Ordinance

LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY
Article 44 of the FC vests the legislative authority of
Malaysia in Parliament comprising of YDPA and the 2
houses of Parliament, Dewan Negara (Senate) and
Dewan Rakyat (House of Representative).

LEGISLATIVE PROCESS
PRE
PARLIAMENTARY
STAGE

PARLIAMENTARY
STAGE

PRE PARLIAMENTARY STAGE

PROPOSAL

CONSULTATION

DRAFTING OF
BILL

TYPES OF BILLS
PUBLIC
BILL

PRIVATE
BILL

HYBRID
BILL

Matters on general public interest e.g. national

defence, public order, taxation

Deal with matters of local or private concern

Deals with matters of public interest which may

affect adversely or otherwise the interest of some
private bodies or persons.

PARLIAMENTARY STAGE
FIRST
READING

SECOND
READING

COMMITTEE
STAGE

ROYAL
ASSENT

DEWAN
NEGARA

THIRD
READING

PUBLICATION

FIRST READING
Mere formality
May be introduced even before the bill is printed and
circulated.
Minister introduced the Bill by having its short title
read by the clerk of the Dewan.

SECOND READING
The most important stage
Can only occur when the bill is printed and circulated
Minister outlines the main principles of the Bill.
A debate on the principles ensues.
If the Bill receives a requisite number of votes, it
proceeds to the Committee Stage.

COMMITTEE STAGE
Detailed examination of the Bill and consideration of
amendments, followed by a report on the Bill to the
Dewan.

THIRD READING
The Bill is reviewed.
A debate if any centres only on general principles
Substantive amendments are not allowed except with
the permission of the Speaker to correct errors or
oversight.
If passed at this stage, the Bill is sent to Dewan Negara

DEWAN NEGARA
When the Bill is passed with or without amendment
by the Dewan Negara, it is returned to Dewan Rakyat.
Dewan Negara has no veto,reject,or insist its
amendments to a Bill passed by the Dewan Rakyat.
A 68 of the FC-DN is restricted to delay the passage of
the Bill-1 month if it is a money Bill and 12 months if it
is a non-money Bill (except Bill amending FC)
If DN does not pass the Bill, the Bill will be presented
for Royal Assent after specified period,

ROYAL ASSENT
When the Bill is passed by both Dewan, it is presented
to YDPA for his assent.
A66(4) of the FC, YDPA shall assent to the Bill by
causing the Public Seal to be affixed thereto within 30
days after it is presented to him.
If not affected within the timeframe, the Bill becomes
law as if it had been assented to.
The Bill becomes law once Royal Assent is given.

PUBLICATION
An act cannot come into force until it is published.
Publication is done in the Warta Kerajaan Malaysia
(Federal gazette).
An Act comes into force on a prescribed date or where
no date is prescribed, the date immediately following
the date of its publication in the Gazette.