SCIENCE6:FINALEXAMREVIEWSHEET

You will work on the review sheet & Practice Test

Questions in class and at home.
We will go over the answers in class
Review old tests
Use old packets to help you review
Vocab Review : You can choose to write the vocabulary
definitions on the review sheet or on index cards; write as
much detail as possible.
Define & give function or explain what it does
SCIENTIFIC METHOD (define)
Scientific Method Step-by-step process that scientists use to solve
problems
Hypothesis An educated guess; a possible answer to a problem.
Observation Using the 5 senses to gather information
Inference A conclusion based on observations
Data Numbers or observations collected during an experiment; used
to determine whether the hypothesis is correct.
Conclusion - A statement that communicates the results from an
experiment.
UNDERSTAND HOW TO USE & READ TOOLS FOR MEASUREMENT
Graduated Cylinder - A tool used to find the volume of a liquid or
irregularly shaped solid.
Triple Beam Balance A tool used to find the mass of an object
Microscope A tool used to look at small objects in lots of detail; we
used the microscope to look at cells
DEFINE & LIST METRIC UNITS USED
Mass : Amount of matter in object- grams

Volume : space an object occupies- ml or cm3

CELLS (define & give function)

Parts of Microscope & use/function/magnification
Homeostasis Stable internal balance, maintaining proper body
temperature and conditions.
3 Parts of The Cell Theory- All living things are made of cells, cells
come from other cells, cells the building blocks of life.
Cell Building block of life
Organelle Tiny organs in cells, which help the cell function properly
by doing a specific job
Mitochondria The powerhouse of the cell, where cellular respiration
occurs.
Ribosome Produce protein for the cell
Cell Wall Found only in plant cells; provides support and strength
Cell Membrane Lets materials move in and out of cells.
Nucleus Control center of the cell, contains chromatin
Endoplasmic Reticulum - transports materials around the cell.
Golgi Bodies Packages and ships materials around the cell
Vacuole Stores materials for the cell
Chloroplast Produces food for plant cells; found only in plant cells

Cytoplasm Gel-like fluid that takes up space in the cell

Lysosome Breaks down materials in the cell.
Nucleolous making Ribosomes in the Nucleus
Nuclear Membrane lets materials move in and out of the nucleus

MOVEMENT INTO & OUT OF CELL

Diffusion movement of materials from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration.
Osmosis Movement of water from an area of high concentration to an
area of low concentration
Active Transport The movement of materials from an area of low
concentration to an area of high concentration
ORGANIZATON OF LIVING THINGS
Tissue A group of cells working together to perform a specific
function
Organ A group of tissue working together to perform a specific
function
Organ System A group of organs working together to carry out a
function of the body.
5 Characteristics of Organisms - Responds to stimulus, reproduces, has
cells, uses energy, grows and develops
4 Needs of Living Things Food, water, shelter, maintain homeostasis

Cellular Respiration ( define & give equation)

Cellular Respiration Using oxygen and sugar (glucose) to produce
energy for the body
Equation for Cellular Respiration Oxygen + Sugar Energy + Carbon
Dioxide + oxygen

Photosynthesis ( define & give equation)

Makes food for plants: carbon dioxide + water + sunlight= oxygen +
glucose

HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS : UNDERSTAND FUNCTION &

PARTS/DEFINE
BONES/JOINTS/MUSCLES/CONNECTIVE TISSUES
Joint A place where two are more bones meet, hinge, pivot, gliding,
ball and socket
Ligament connective tissue that connects bones to bones
Tendon Connective tissue that connects bones to muscles
Cartilage Tissue found between bones that provides a cushion for the
bones so they dont rub against each other.
Bone Marrow Found in the hollow of our bones; produces blood cells.
Involuntary Muscle A muscle action that occurs without conscious
thought- heartbeat, digestion, breathing, circulation

Voluntary Muscle A muscle action that occurs when we think about it

(tell yourself to do it) any kind of activity - soccer, walking, raising
your hand
Skeletal Muscle Muscle attached to our bones that makes us move
voluntary actions
Cardiac Muscle Muscle that the heart is made out of involuntary
actions
Smooth Muscle - Muscle that is involved in involuntary muscle actions
(except heartbeat) found in the diaphragm, stomach, esophagus, blood
vessels.
HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (FUNCTION/DEFINE )
6 nutrients water (most important for all life functions), fat, protein,
vitamins and minerals
Digestion break down of food
Chemical Digestion occurs when enzymes breakdown food; in saliva
and stomach (acids and pepsin); most chemical digestion occurs in the
small intestine.
Mechanical Digestion the physical breakdown of food into small
pieces, occurs the mouth (teeth) and stomach (smooth muscle
contractions)
Absorption body using nutrients that have been broken down by food
Saliva chemically breaks down food in the mouth
Esophagus tube that connects the mouth to the stomach; peristalsis
occurs here.

Peristalsis smooth muscle contractions that force food down the

esophagus
Enzyme help speed up chemical reactions chemical digestion
Epiglottis flap of skin that covers the windpipe so food does not enter
the lungs
Stomach chemical digestion occurs here; food is broken down by
smooth muscle contractions
Villi finger like structures in the small intestines that absorb
nutrients from broken down food
Liver
Small Intestines organ of the digestive system that contains villi;
most chemical digestion occurs here
Liver produces bile
Bile breaks down fat from food
Pancreas produces enzymes that break down protein, carbohydrates,
and some fats.
What are the steps in the journey of food? Mouth, esophagus, stomach,
small intestines (liver and pancreas add bile and enzymes to small
intestines), large intestines

HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (FUNCTION/DEFINE )

Breathing the movement of air in and out of the lungs
Oxygen the gas we need to carry out cellular respiration; brought into
the body by the respiratory system
Carbon Dioxide the waste produce of cellular respiration

Lungs organ involved in breathing; moving air in and out of the body.
Alveoli where gas exchange occurs oxygen is transferred into the
capillaries where red blood cells pick it up to be transported around the
body.
Diaphragm the smooth muscle that controls breathing
HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (FUNCTION/DEFINE )
Heart organ that pumps blood around the body.
Atria receive blood being pumped into the heart by the body and
lungs
Ventricles pump blood out of the heart into the lungs and body
PARTS OF BLOOD:
Red Blood Cells carry oxygen to the body cells
White Blood Cell fights disease in the body.
Plasma - the liquid part of blood, 90% water.
Platelet helps with blood clotting
BLOOD VESSELS
Artery carries blood Away from the heart
Vein carry blood towards the heart
Capillary where materials (oxygen, carbon dioxide) are exchanged
between the blood and cells

DESCRIBE WHAT EACH LOOP IN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM DOES &

HOW IT WORKS
Loop 1 right atrium right ventricle lungs left atrium (carbon
dioxide is picked up in the body cells and brought to the lungs, blood
cells pick up oxygen)
Loop 2 left atrium left ventricle body right atrium (oxygen is
dropped off in the body cells, blood picks up carbon dioxide to be
brought to the lungs to be exhaled)

CALCULATETHEVOLUMEOFEACHBELOW:
GIVESCALEUNIT=ml
GIVEACTUALVOLUME

70.5ml

8ml

53ml

BeabletoIdentifyParts&FunctionRespiratorySystem

29.6ml

Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
SmallIntestines
LargeIntestines

Identify Organelles