Sie sind auf Seite 1von 5

Step 2- unit 4

The interpretation of animal intelligence have changed over


time. First, in the early 1900s, Gustav Wolff believed, an
animal can think in a human way. This belief was inspired
by fact that Clever Hans was supposed to have understand
human language and resolve mathematic problems. Then,
Oskar Pfungst believed that Hans did not think of his own
instead, Hans only understood people responses. And
before 1960 the scientists believed that animals actions
were based on instinct and not intelligence. After that, the
current views on trained animals changed and the animals
that are easy to train may be are intelligent. Also, the
current views on testing animal intelligence changed, when
evaluating animal intelligence, we must test them in
situation that have meaning to them not in a human view.
For example, Temple Grandins view of animal intelligence is
that if an animal can recognize signs they werent train to
do and decide to act, then they are intelligent.

Step 2 -Unit 5
I agree with Daniel Callahan that It wont be a better society
if we prolong life span. First, there would be multiples brief
marriages and the marriage finish soon because the
couples cant live together for a long time.
Second, the young people who want to work could not find
jobs because adults would still be working. And the
unemployed would increase.
Finally, The family structure would change in a negative
way. Age difference would radically change the way siblings
or parents and their children interact with others. For
example, there would be sibling with 50 age difference or
more. Also, the parents would have more child with
different women.

Step2 unit 6
Dear Mensah dean
I am Justin Lebo a high school student and I think that
volunteering should not be obligatory although that some
people think that everybody need to help to other people, it
is a personal decision. From my own experience I can say
that people have to do what makes them happy and they
will help others or not, but should not be forced to do
something that they do not want. Specially in the case of
student that have to concentrate on their studies. In my
case, I helped children because I feel happy when they feel
happy too.

In the article extreme perception and Animal


Intelligence, Temple Grandin and Catherine Johnson state
that animal are intelligent when they develop a new ability
that the other animal cant do it. The authors write the case
of seizure alert dogs that could predict a seizure and Clever
Hans who is supposed to resolve math problems. Also, the
authors mention that the seizure alert dogs and Clever
Hans learned by themselves how to perceive signals that
people cant perceive, that makes them intelligent.
The authors conclude that animals are intelligent in the way
that they learn new abilities.

Reflection about the course


During this academic period I have learned many valuable
things that improved my knowledge of English such as to
summarize, making a descriptive essay and making a
persuasive essay. Also the course helped me to remember
the use of the identifying adjective clauses, present perfect
and present perfect continuous. I increased my vocabulary
English too.
The topics were very interesting and showed me more
information about animal intelligent, longevity and the
volunteering work. The course also helped me to notice my
errors committed in writing English.
I want to thanks to my teacher for teaching me everything I
learned in this course and for teaching me to use the
grammar correctly.
In conclusion, I have more knowledge to use it to my
advantage in everyday like in my job.

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen