Microtremor Analysis Using HVSR Method for

MicrozonationMappingofEarthquakeProneAreasinKlaten
District,CentralJava
Rizqi Prastowo1, Melfa Utari1, Fitri Puspasari1, Rita Desiasni1, Rizka Anggraini1,
AchmadNabilZulfaqar2,MuhammadRizkiFitraldi2
1

MasterProgramofGeophysical,UniversitasGadjahMada,Indonesia
BachelorProgramofGeologicalEngineering,UniversitasPembangunanNasionalVeteran
Yogyakarta,Indonesia
2

Email:achmadnabilz@gmail.comormurizfit@gmail.com
Abstract.KlatenDistrictisoneofdistrictsinCentralJavathaton27May2006wereaffected
bypowerfulearthquake(alsoknownasBantulEarthquake)withamomentofmagnitude6,3
Richterscalebasedon(USGS,2006).TheshockoccurredbythemovementOpakFault,where
locatedinYogyakarta,withadistanceof40kmsouthsoutheastfromKlatenDistrict.Based
onIndonesianSocialMinistry,morethan18.000peopleinjuredand90.000housesdamaged.
Therefore, mitigation steps are needed such as the distribution of earthquake prone
microzonationtoreduceariskthatwilloccurinKlatenDistrict.Thismicrozonationisusing
microtremoranalysisthenprocessedbyHVSRmethod.Dataswascollectingon31points
whichcovertheareaof67km2.BasedonanalysisusingHSVR method,valueofquake
vulnerabilityobtainedrange4,922489,the value oflandamplificationbetween 2,48113
21,4151,thevalueofnaturalfrequencybetween0,18421,7808Hzandamaximumground
acceleration values between 6,55 31,74 gal. From these result, Klaten District could be
dividedinto2earthquakepronemicrozonation.ThatisareawithMMIVIVIIindexinCentral
KlatenSubdistrictandKalikotesSubdistrictalsotheareawithMMI<IVindexinNgawen
Subdistrict, Kebonarum Subdistrict, North Klaten Subdistrict, South Klaten Subdistrict,
WediSubdistrict,andGantiwarnoSubdistrict(Fauzidkk.,2005).

1. Introduction
According Geographic positionIndonesian archipelagoislocatedat meeting point of three major
tectonicplates,thatisthePacificplateintheEast,IndoAustralianplateinthesouth,andtheEurasian
plateinthenorthmaketheIndonesianarchipelagoispronetomajordisasters,especiallydisastersthat
hascloserelationtogeologicalphenomenonsuchasearthquakes.
BantulearthquakethatshookYogyakartaonMay27,2006,with6.3Richterscaleofmagnitudebased
onUSGS,causedbiglossforthecityofYogyakartaandsurroundingareasincludingKlatendistrict.
BasedondatafromtheMinistryofSocialAffairs,morethan18thousandpeoplewereinjuredand90
thousandhousesweredamaged,includinginthedistrictofKlaten.Thedamageisnotonlyinfluenced
bythemagnitudeofanearthquake,butitcanalsobeinfluencedbythelocalgeologicalconditions.

Thereareseveralfactorsshouldbeconsideredsuchasconsistedlithology,hydrologicalcondition,and
peakgroundacceleration(SeedandIdris1971).Generally,thelithologiesinKlatenareasconsistedby
volcanicdepositsandalluvialdeposits(softsediment).Theselithologiesifpassedbytheearthquake
waveswilltendtoreinforcethewave,thusmakingtheareaahighriskofdamage.Therefore,astudy
onthepotentialhazardsofearthquakesinaregionisimportant.
Oneeffortthatcouldbedoneistodividetheearthquakeproneareasindetail.Themeasurement
microtremorusingHSVRmethodcouldbedoneHVSRmicrotremormeasurementmethodcanbe
donefortheseactivities.Theresultisthevalueofnaturalfrequency(fo),soilamplification(Ao),soil
vulnerability index (kg), and peak ground acceleration (PGA) microzonation . Study of this
microzonationislimitedonlytothecoordinatesx:452000462000andy:91430009152000.

Figure1.Maplocationofstudyarea
2. Methodology
Theprocessofdatacollectionisdividedintotwophases:surveydesignanddatacollectionstage
microtremor. In the design phase of the survey, the study area includes Ngawen Subdistrict,
Kebonarumsubdistrict,NorthernKlatenSubdistrict,SouthernKlatenSubdistrict,WediSubdistrict,
Gantiwarno Subdistrict and Kalikotes Subdistrict. Data retrieval of microtremor measurements
obtainedfrom31pointsofdataretrievallocationsbythedistancebetweenthepointabout12km.
SeismometerShortPeriodToolsLennartzLE3Disusedinmicrotremormeasurementswithlongtime
7075minutesateachmeasurementpoint.ThendataofMicrotremormeasurementisprocessedby
geopsysoftwarewithHVSRmethodtodeterminethevalueofnaturalfrequencyandamplification

valuescouldbecalculatedsothatthevalueoflandvulnerabilityandtheaccelerationofgroundmotion
couldobtained.

Figure2.Researchflowdiagram

3. ResultandDiscussion

NaturalFrequency
Theoreticallymagnitudeorfrequencyofthevibrationperiodofsoilorrockisareflectionofthe
physicalconditionofthesoilorrock.Soilorrockthatissoftandlooserockwillhaveamorecompact
(PusatSurveyGeology,2007).FromtheoverallretrievalpointsobtainedFovalue:0.1842withlong
periodsofvibration.TheSofterrockshaveahigherriskwhenshakenbyearthquakeswave,because
ofagreateramplificationthan1.7808Hz.RegionswithhighFovalueisinthesouthareaofresearch.
Forelativelyuniformindicatingthesamerocklithologythatconsistedthearea,whichismaterial
depositofMerapi.

Figure3.Mapofnaturalfrequency(f0)
SoilAmplification
From whole retrieval points obtained values of Ao between 2.48113 21.4151. Great value of
amplificationislocatedinthenortheastareaofresearch.Greatvalueofamplificationindicatesthat

zone prone to earthquake vibrations. Because the greater value of Ao, the tremor with a certain
frequencythatpassthroughtheareawillbeamplifiedgreater.

Figure4.Mapofsoilamplification
SoilVulnerabilityIndex
VulnerabilityoflandinKlatenareahasavalueof4.922489.ThehigherKg,indicatestheareamore
vulnerabletoearthquakes.Kgmaxvalueinthenortheastareaofresearchthatindicatesareasare
relativelymorevulnerableifhitbyanearthquakeincompareairfareswithotherregions.

Figure5.MapofSoilVulnerabilityIndex
PeakGroundAcceleration(PGA)
FromtheresultsofdataprocessinginKlatenareavaluesobtainedPeakGroundAcceleration(PGA)
from6.5531.74gal.HighestPGAlocatedinthesouthoftheresearchareawhichcoversCentral
KlatenSubdistrictsandKalikotesSubdistrict.

Figure6.MapofPeakGroundAcceleration
Theoretically,thepeakgroundaccelerationistheimpactofearthquakewavesatthemeasurement
location,soitcouldbeameasureofearthquakeintensityexperienced.BasedonPGAKlatenDistrict
datacouldbedividedintotwocategoriesthelevelofriskthattheCentralKlatensubdistrictand
KalikotesSubdistrictincludedinthecategoryofsmallrisktothevalueoftheacceleration2550gal
andintensityVIVIIwhereasfortheNgawensubdistrict,KebonarumSubdistict,NorthernKlaten
Subdistrict,SouthernKlatenSubdistrict,WediSubdistrict,andtheGantiwarnoSubdistrictincluded
inverysmallcategoryofriskwiththeaccelerationvalues<25galandintensity<IV(Fauzietal.,
2005).

Table1.Thelevelofearthquakerisk(Fauziet.Al,2005)
Microzonation
Microzonationdeterminationistheresultoftheoverallmicrotremordatameasurementthatincludes
naturalfrequency(fo),soilamplification(Ao),thevulnerabilityofland(Kg),andPeakGround

Acceleration(PGA).Simplymicrozonationillustratesgroupingregionsbasedonariskleveltothe
earthquakeregion.WhereinKlatendistrict,theCentralKlatenSubdistrictandKalikotesSubdistrict
includedinthecategoryoflessriskwithintensityVIVIIwhereasfortheNgawensubdistrict,
KebonarumSubdistict,NorthernKlatenSubdistrict,SouthernKlatenSubdistrict,WediSubdistrict,
andtheGantiwarnoSubdistrictinverysmallcategoryofriskwithintensity<IV(Fauzietal.,2005).

Figure7.Mapofearthquakepronemicrozonation
4. Conclusion
AccordingtomicrotremormeasurementsusingHVSRmethodobtained
1.Thevalueofearthquakevulnerabilitybetween4.922489
2.Thevalueoflandamplificationbetween2.4811321.4151
3.Thevalueofnaturalfrequencybetween0.18421.7808Hz
4.Themaximumgroundaccelerationbetween6.5531.74gal.
5.Klatendistrictcouldbedividedintotwoearthquakepronemicrozonationsuchasareaswiththe
MMIVIVIIinCentralKlatenSubdistrictandKalikotesSubdistrictwellasregionswithMMIindex
<IV at the Ngawen Subdistrict, Kebonarum Subdistrict, Northern Klaten Subdistrict, Southern
KlatenSubdistrict,WediSubdistrict,andGantiwarnoSubdistrict(Fauzietal.,2005).
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6. Acknowledgments
ThismicrozonationinKlatendistrictisexpectedtohelpgovermentandlocalcommunitytomapping
thecityfromthepossibilityofearthquakeandbuildawarenesstheimportanceofdisastermitigation.
ButfornowthismicrozonationnotcoveredallofKlatenDistrict.Soitisexpectedtofurtherresearch
cancoverthewholeofthedistrictklatenandcancompletethedatafrompreviousstudiesthatstillhas
notbeenreached.