DIGESTIVE

FOOD
The nutrients
contained in food is
essential for normal
cell function and for

DIGESTIVE PROCESS

1.Ingestion
2.Digestion
3.Absorption
4.Egestion

INGESTION
It is the process of
taking food or drink
into the body

DIGESTION
It is the breaking down of
complex nutrient molecules
mainly carbohydrates, fats and
proteins into simpler
onesDigestion is the primarily
enzymatic processes by which

PART OF THE FOOD

oPhysical,
BREAKDOWN
performed by the teeth,ARE
which cut:

and chew food and the stomach which churns

it
oMechanically by cutting, grinding , chopping
and crushing.
oThe rest of the process is chemical; food is
converted into simpler forms by the action of
enzymes, acids and salts.

ABSORPTION
It is the movement of
the products of
digestion, such as
glucose or amino acids,
from the alimentary

EGESTION
It is the elimination of
indigestible material, such
as fiber, as well as dead
cells and bacteria from
the body in the form of

DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM

It is a group of organs that:

1. Breaks down food into chemical
components that the body can absorb
2. Use for energy
3. Use for building and repairing cells
and tissues, together with the accessory
glands (endocrine and exocrine)

Organs of the gastrointestinal

(GI) tract are the mouth, pharynx,
esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, and large intestine.
Accessory digestive organs are
the teeth, tongue, salivary glands,
liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

FOOD IS DIGESTED
INTO TWO WAYS:
1. Intracellular Digestion
Inside the cell particularly in the
lysosomes, characteristics of a
unicellular organism
2. Intercellular Digestion

LIPS

The fleshy folds around the entrance of the

mouth
Externally skin
Internally mucous membrane
Main substructure: orbicularis oris or
striated muscles and connective tissues
Contains: eleidin

FUNCTIONS OF
LIPS
KeepingTHE
food in the mouth
Helping to prevent the food from falling
out during the process of mastification
Helping to produce speech and other
sounds (whistling)
Drinking (especially with straw)
Smaller muscles at the corner of the lips

CHEEKS
Fleshy part of the either side of the
face below the eye and between the
nose and ear
Lined with mucous membrane and
stratified squamous, nonkeratinizing type of epithelium
Main substance: striated muscles

MOUTH (ORAL /
BUCCAL CAVITY)

Where food is broken

down for swallowing,
composed of lips,
cheeks, tongue and

SWALLOWING OR
DEGLUTITION
Process by which food or liquid which
is conveyed from the mouth is cut and
ground by the teeth and mixed with
saliva, the tongue pushes it back of
the mouth to the stomach via an
esophagus.

Masticati
on
(Process
of

1. The canines and

incisors (front teeth)
shear the food
2. Tongue pushes the
food between the
upper and lower
premolars and molars
(back teeth) to be
ground by side-byside and circular