Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
OF
GAZETTEER
BY
P.
MAJOR
LATE
W.
tPOWLETT,
OFFICER
SETTLEMENT
OF
ULWUR.
LONDON:
TRUBNER
"
CO.,
LUDGATE
1878.
HILL.
gallanivne
fJrrss.
HALLANTYNE,
HANSON
ANJ)
EDINBURGH
AND
LONDON
CO.
ERRATA.
Page
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Chauhdm,"
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Das,"
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from
read
property.''
Silhet."
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see
191,"
page
see
pages
189."
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read
Sakh."
the
"
Revenue,
read
read
for
"191,"
for
"
189."
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189."
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read"
189."
192,"
188,
Alwar,"
for
"
partly
read
read
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in,"
for
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for
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tahsis,"
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partly
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Banisrdwab,"
read
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for
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Kahir,"
read
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top,
/or
bottom,
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Dasapra,"
for
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88,"
read
read
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Kalian."
Kabir."
Dasahra."
98."
in
Kater."
tahsils."
read
Kahan,"
189."
187,
Ulwur."
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from
"c.,
191,"
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bottom,/or
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Nakh,
bighas."
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read
and
191,"
for
197,
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area,
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property,"
rates
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196,
this
dekhat."
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comma
Silthet,"
191,"
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bottom,
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11
Dds."
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30
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read
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for
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144,
Ldl
Dadu."
between
for
for
from
Chauhdn."
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dekhai,"
"the
"
,,142,
Mathura."
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read
acres,"
bottom,
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at
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read
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for
28
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Phyllanthus."
Baldeo."
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for
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139,
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after
Lds
rent
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death,
Bulhul."
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read
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2
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15
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for
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97,
read
for
24
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Mathra,"
omit
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his
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10
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67,
Before
trees."
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read
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for
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66,
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1857."
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13
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read
stop
for
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read
turmoil,
Bubbul,"
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24
61,
Samrat."
Phythanthus,"
omit
"
59,
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13
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Kucbawan."
read
"
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death,"
of
year
tree,"
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for
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36,
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his
read
"
36
.,
the
for
"
Samral,"
Before
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in
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for
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23,
Huchdwan,"
"
Bainsrdwat."
read
187
"present
and
189."
in
PART
I.
HISTORICAL
SKETCH.
CHAPTER
present territory of
THE
contains
called
the
extent,
tracts
03
and
of
country,
"3 its
the
Rajawat
lies
the
head
Rajputs,
the
on
of
and
of
whom
of
of
be
to
Dehli,
the
or
It lies S.W.
from
It is the
Naruka
of
that
Dehli,
city.
of
country
battle
with
in
several
Chauhan
living representative
fell in
who
of
composed
distant
the
miles
square
Narukhand
miles
border.
claims
3024
is
Mewdt.
thirty-five
north-west
is
800,000,
portions
country,
about
which
State,
of about
Wai,
Raj, king
Pirthwi
famous
Raht,
Raht
Ulwur
population
point being
nearest
The
the
the
I.
the
of
the
invading
Musalmans.
Wai
The
of
is
the
on
Shekhawat
the
which
clan,
and
border,
western
is
is
in
important
BO
chiefly by Rajputs
occupied
the
adjoining State
of
Jaipur.
Rajawat
The
country,
powerful Rajawat
regarding
description
Mewat,
it is
territory
In
notice
some
within
about
Rewari
that
ancient
a
line
or
to
the
the
in
the
the
was
by
the
"
under
of
and
part
important
most
in
now
once
Rajputs.
of the
centre
More
general
The
included
within
usually
sketch
of
for
is in
More
famous
hills
the
limits
centuries
many
Ulwur
State,
town.
Mewat.
been
historical
Naruka
the
II.
the
near
territoryof
Districts," and
Part
too, is
too, has
An
running
largest
State,
portion,
must,
the
then, begin
tract.
of
country
somewhat
is situated
are
of this
found
beginning
of the
its Government.
The
the
at
of Mewtlt
strongholds
with
State
held
was
will be
tracts
now
the
south-west,
south-east,
of which
Ulwur.
t of
Jaipur.
which
half
and
of
of the
of
city of Ulwur,
The
than
small
these
the
Rajputs
in the
Narukhand,
in
Mewat
may
irregularly
above
longitude
the
of
northwards
latitude
point
roughly
six
of
be
from
Rewari,
miles
described
west
in
Dig
then
of
Bhartpur
westwards
the
city
A
356120
contained
as
of
to
below
Ulwur,
(
then
nnd
south
would
to the Bdrah
Dig,
to
run
stream
and
)
The
in Ulwur.
approximatelyform
line then
the
wards,
turning eastsouthern
boundary
of the tract.
The
lie the
Mewat
country possesses
city of
north-east
those
the
the most
were
with
and
Ulwur
for
Ulwur
tended
latter,con-
they are Musaland claim to be of Rajput extraction (see Meos). They must
not,
mans,
chiefs of the Persian historians,
with the Mewatti
however, be confounded
who
probably,the representativesof the ancient Lords of Mewat.
were,
called Khdnzadas
These
Mewattis
were
(see Khanzadas), a race which,
far superior to the
and
is socially
like the Meos, was
though Musalman
Meos, who have no love for them, but who in times past have united with
for which Mewdt
them
in the raids and insurrections
was
so
famous, and
The
which
of the
mass
made
it
of
population
thorn
in
the
Mewdt
are
side of the
called Meos
Dehli
emperors.
In
fact,the
"
"
"
Elliot's Mus.
-fBlochman's
Aiu-i-Akbari,vol. i. p.
334.
(
after which
city,and
hour
no
ventured
one
)
At
out.
into the
inhabitants
sword.
Police
of Mewdt
appear
at Dehli.
hundred
years,
during which
relations
satisfactory
of
Ffroz
Emperor
with
Shah
the
the
in 1 388,
Kotila
at
Mewdtti, whose
or
stronghold was
the
of
noble
a
at
place
powerful
Tijdra hills,occupying
Dehli.
This Bahddar
Ndhar, a Jadii Rdjput by birth, is the reputed
founder of the Khauzada
became
renowned
in the history
so
race, which
of the empire,f
In conjunction with
the household
slaves
of Ffroz
Shah, Bahadar
Ndhar
aided Abubakar, grandson of the late Emperor Firoz, in expelling
we
Kotal
Bahadar
for
maintained
to have
Ndhar
in the
from
Dehli
Abubakar's
uncle
Ndsiruddin,and
in
the
establishing
former
throne.
the
before
of
the
throne. |
He
would
the
over
See
not
years
allow
there
either to
were
two
opponent,
one
Musalman
an
emperors
Brigg'sFarishta,vol.
t In speaking of Hasan
gain
historian
time
advantage
residing
104.
Bdbar's
great
familyhad enjoyedregalpower
flourished.
Tradition
up to the
tells of old Jddii chiefs of
of the Khdnzada
ever,
family. Bdbar,howin uninterruptedsuccession
governed Mewdt
for nearlytwo
hundred
datingthe importanceof the family from the time
years ; evidently
Ndhar
of Bahddar
Ndhar.
It is therefore most probablethat Bahadar
a member
of a
was
themselves relate (seepage 40),and that he
royalbut fallen Jddii family,as the Khdnzddas
his father became
to gratify
the Emperor Firoz and obtain power.
a Musalman
or
Historians.
Farishta,vol. i. p. 471 to 481, and Musalmau
J Brigg's
says
that Hasan
Khan's
ancestors
firsthear
had
(
Several
in
iu'ular Nahar
Nahar
sent
himself,make prominent
during the invasion of
historians,
includingthe great conqueror
of Bahddar
of the conduct
mention
Timurlang
1398.
A.D.
at
as
Timur
states
Kotila,to which
present
humble
he
sent
an
embassy
received.
reply was
parrots which
white
two
Nahar
that
to
Ba-
Bahddar
had
remarks
that these parrotswere
Timur
Emperor.
had
and his son, togetherwith others who
Ndhar
Bahddar
Subsequently
to do homage to Timur.
taken refuge in Mewat, came
Amongst these
himself with the Mughal that,after
Khizar
was
Khan, who so ingratiated
of
the latter,
the departure
he, callinghimself Timur's viceroy,became
of his besieging
is made
of Hindustan, and mention
virtuallyemperor
Bahadar
Nuliar in Kotila,which he destroyed,and compelled the Mewattia
1421.*
to take refuge in the mountains, A.D.
of Bahddar
to have played
This is the last mention
Nahar, who seems
than
the political
The
a prominent part on
thirtyyears.
stage for more
of hills where
range
for defence
a
series of
he had
established
and
(seeTijdra),
on
himself
he and
them
was
his
well
peculiarly
family seem
suited
to have
had
still considerable.
are
The
succeeded
in A.D.
1421
by Saiyad
viceroy,Khizar
Khdn, was
The
Mewattfs
Mubdrak, who, in A.D. 1424, ravaged rebellious Mewdt.
took
laid
and
their
waste
having
refuge in the
depopulated
country,"
mountains
of
so
Jahra,"f a place which was
strong that the Emperor
had to return to Dehli without taking it. A year after he again marched
Jallii and Kaddu,t grandsons of Bahadar
against Mewdt, when
Ndhar,
who
and several Mewattis
had joined them, pursued the tactics adopted
the previousyear, and after laying waste
their own
took up a
territories,
After
position at Indor in the Tijara hills,ten miles north of Kotila.
driven from Indor, which the Emperor
resistingfor some
days, they were
The
retreated
of Ulwur, the
to the mountains
destroyed.
insurgents
with much
obstinacy,but eventuallythey
passes of which they defended
had to surrender.
These
repeated expeditionsagainst the Mewattis did
not render
them
and
four months
after the attack on
Ulwur
the
quiet,
had
send
them.
These
carried
to
Emperor
again
troops against
troops
fire and sword throughout the whole of Mewat," which, however, remained
a place of refuge to escaped prisoners.
In A.D.
1427, the Emperor, after putting to death Kaddii Mewatti
above mentioned, sent troops into Mewdt, the inhabitants
of which
as
"
"4
usual
abandoned
their towns
and
Brigg'sFarishta,vol. i. p. 495,
and
fled to the
Musalmau
mountains.
Historians,vol.
Jallii
iii.p.
(Bahddar
35, 53.
pp.
Ndhar
who
seems
to have
" Brigg'sFarishta,vol.
old
been
of
allyMallu
i. p. 518, and
Mus.
any
This
account.
Yakbal
Khan,
Hist.,vol.
was
was
of
only
Mubdrak
assassinated
iv. p. 61.
one
son
of
Khdn, who,
by him.
(
Ndhar's
Ahmad
grandson),with
accept
In
Rewad
In
the
1428,
A.D.
least subdued
spoken
A.D.
1450,
of
as
Khan
king
Lodi
appointedhis
court
of
Jaunpur,f
his conduct
was
induced
in the
In
his
at
and
the
In
A.D.
1526
seat
Khan,
a
Lodi
of
was
of Dehli
possession
should
not
be
mere
pay
him
and
to
time
at
tribute.
His
Mewattf,who
first
held
Dehli, submitted
to
"
parganahs (subdivisions
med
as
tributary.Ah-
to be
for
time
visit from
upon
us
ance
perpetuallyin attendwith
the
struggle
supported the latter,
Bahlol's
the
Emperor, to
that Mewdt
whom
he
included
not
was
reallysubjectedit.J
the throne
of Dehli.
At
this
or
of his
appeared in India.
Babar, who
Lang, after winning the battle
Agra
raid like
and
determined
that
foundation
claimed
of
his
of
to
Panipat,
enterprise
a
new
and
Then
it was
an
one
new
power
be the representative
of Timur
took
"
Khan
never
sat
had
the remainder
tells
Lodi, who
Sikandar
Alain
Babar
bably
pro-
fort of
chief.
Khan
Sarai," near
Mewatti
another
But
for
imperial throne.
Ahmed
seven
and
to
Mewatti
to the
Mubarak
Khan
of Bahlol
1488
of
representative. During
Ahmed
Mewat,
to
inhabitants
Ladhii
to
brought him
period Tijdrawas
Khdnzada,
acceded
uncle
to submit.
kingdom
A.D.
the
deprived of
permitted to hold
was
as
marched
againstMewat.
was
Fakaruddin,who
Dehli.*
Bahlol
Malik
and
to
Emperor again
return
country, obliging
the
is
militarymovement
of
Khati
and
contribution
war
that the
"
Brigg'sFarishta,vol. i. p.
521.
the
Hist
Hist.,vol. v.
thirty-sixroyal races
;
Mus.
p. 97.
of
Itdjputscollected by
Colonel
(
relieved him
Sikri
with respect
difficulty
of further
proceededimmediately
the struggleor he had immediately
Bdbar
by his relations.
instigated
Sikri,and
pur
the banks
on
afterwards
"
encamped
been
Mewdt, where
had
murdered
from
messenger
the
from
he
either fallen in
by
four marches
six kos
A
to
Khdn
advanced
Manisni."*
of the River
Hasan
servant
from
Fatah-
Fort
of
Hasan
Ulwur,
Khan's
ance
Khdn, arrived begging for pardon, and on receivingan assur"
bestowed
Khdn
who
him
Nahar
to
on
a
came
Bdbar,
safety,
pargana" of several lacs (ofdams, of which fortygo to the rupee), for his
Ndhar
son,
of
support
Bdbar
"
that
states
Hasan
Khan's
had
ancestors
made
their
capitalat
ment."
Mewat, Ulwur was the "seat of Governof
which
he
still
The conqueror
bestowed
the city
Tijara,
nates
desig"
Chin Timiir Sultan,
the capital of Mewat," on a follower named
Fardi
with fiftylacs of dams.
the right
Khan, who had commanded
flank in the battle of Fatahpur Sikri, received
of
the
Fort of
charge
himself visited and examined
the Fort, where he spent a
Ulwur.
Babar
his son
on
f and the treasure in which he bestowed
Humaiyiin.
night,
Tijara," but
The
he
when
political
power
to
came
of the
Khanzada
chiefs of
Mewat
was
now
manently
per-
Nahar
and
broken, aud they do not again appear, like Bahadar
Hasan
Khan, as the powerful opponents or principalallies of emperors.
of Mughal Governors
Fort Commandants
There was
a regularsuccession
or
of Ulwur
and Tijara; stone
the hills in the
were
run
across
causeways
ligious
neighbourhood of Kotila and Tijara; and the anecdotes of Lai Das, a rereformer
half Hindu, half Musalman
who flourished in Mewat
in
the time of Akbar
and Shah Jahan, are full of oppressions,practisednot
by local potentates settled in the country, but by Mughal officers. The
still retained local importance, which, as will be subsequently
Khanzadas
shown, did not quite disappear until the present century. The extent
of the territory
held
is pretty well indicated by the Musalman
they once
and
local remains.
Rewari
at times
was
historians,
existingtraditions,
"
Tod
the
name
"
"
Nikumpa
Nikumpa.race, except
"
appears
but
Tod
could
find out
at
nothing of
Mandelgarh in
the
historyof
Mewar.
Had
the
hia
haner, the
site of which
removed
from
Ulwur.
nearer
lies about
nine
miles
north
of Ulwur
in the Dehra
a locality
valley,
(seeReligion,
page 53). According to a local rhyme they
is situated deeper in the hills,
to Dadikar, which
Abhaner
and somewhat
Rai Nikumpa is said to have assumed
At
the title of
Dadikar, Chand
respects remarkable
in other
Raja.
*
The
Bdrah
or
Riiparel. It
is called
Laswarree.
t Mus.
202-273.
"
Mahnus
Nye
"
in Thorn's
plan
of the battle of
by them,
Sonah
at
in
general facts.
after Babar's
in A.D.
1540
death, his successor, Humaiyun, was
followed
Sher Shah, who, in A.D.
by
supplanted by the Pathan
1545, was
of
the
the
latter
battle
and
lost
Islam
Shah.
a
was
reign
During
fought
by the Emperor'stroops at Ffrozpur Jhirka,in Mewat, on which, however,
Soon
Shah
Islam
An
did not
inscriptionon
been
constructed
under
orders
Chand
by
from
in
fine tank
Islam
Governor
Kazi,
and
Shah,
Ulwur
the
Fort
of
that it
the
that
states
Fort
(Hakim
completed in
was
it had
Killa),
958
H.
(A.D.
1550).
Shah,
Adil
had
1552,
A.D.
Adil
Shah
of
third
the
for the
to contend
had
brave
and
in Native
man
on
was
of
and
in
in
the
called
present
Hemii
Mewat.
reliable
been
is said to have
He
after his
baniya caste,
is
from
the
sprung
nistrators
soldiers and admi-
who, though
men
valiant
most
in
Humaiyun.
ordinarily
extraby Hemii, an
or
included
succeeded
returned
of Macheri
native
class
the
throne
trading
apparently
States.
bazaar, and
in the
he
with
the
of
man,
I mention
as
Dhiisar, whom
then
Ulwur
territory,and
of
the
that
perhaps
greatest
trading order, are often the
who
interlopers,
Empire
established
been
able
Pathdn
the
rise he
originallya weigh-
enabled
only
not
Adil
Shah
to
triumph
taken
before
induce
the
Bairam
and
but
brave
but
Ulwur,
Ajmir.
much
and
At
Bairam
Khan.
to
slay him
with
his
hand,
killed him
and
he
himself.
wealth,
Haji Khan,
able
did
He
general.
was
was
Macheri, however,
where
and
it
when
he
togetherwith
the late
settingup
refused,
to take
his
family,
Sher
Shah,
Emperor
pretensions to
resist Akbar's
Hemii's
tried to
latter
into Mewat
and
rule
in
fled
to
troops,
family resided, there
before
conversion
of
The
sent
was
there
slave
to
not
own
force
which
venture
resistance
his
and
of Hemii's
also to reduce
a
Akbar
young
Emperor
Khan
possession
the
first
who
those
over
was
taken
was
he
was
was
alive,
put
death.*
In
these
strugglesfor
the
Mus.
restoration
Hist,
of Babar's
dynasty
Khanzadas
to
do
apparently
by
them
marrying
the
Hasan
Khan,
opponent,
to
of
marry
and
retired
having
to
to
to
have
soldiers
great
been
in
the
the
went
and
enough,
the
armies.
imperial
Mus.
Blochman's
Hist.,
the
of
have
may
empire,
This
whence
the
Khdnzddas
people
have
to
become
vol.
iv.
p.
Ain-i-Akbari,
295,
vol.
vol.
v.
i.
pp.
p.
spoken
Bairdm
Ulwur,
Mewat
the
once
security.
return,
to
of
hills
the
nobles
discontented
quiet
and
court
though
But
return.
the
left
once
was
Akbar's
After
is
he
in
Hinddl,
after
Mewdt
Humaiyun
he
of
Bairam
Mirza
of
conciliated
nephew
minister,
great
charge
with
where
Khan,
Mewdtti.
same
in
placed
expulsion.*
offended,
the
Jamdl
have
to
seems
his
causing
by
of
Ulwur,
to
Humaiyuu's
and
contending
when
of
daughter
elder
been
had
Humaiyun
all.
at
daughter
younger
Humaiyun,
Babar,
figure
not
391.
189,
202.
was
Khan,
he
was
been
of
Babar's
Khan,
brother
death
of
of
before
when
induced
attractive
Mewdt
seem
distinguished
as
II.
CHAPTER
reduced
when
MEWAT,
to
yielded a
subjection,
revenue
of
169,81,000
to
"
"
"
held with
The
the Siibah
Sirkar
of
of Dehli.
contained
Ulwur
43
which
subdivisions,
2,457,410 bighas (1,535,881
Mahdls
or
of
having an area
comprised 1612 villages,
of 5,924,232 dams, Rs. 1,48,105.
acres),and yieldinga revenue
Mahdls
were
as
follow
Presumably Sikandari
"
Pathan's
Kings of Dehli,
p. 391.
t Blochman's
Translation
The
of
Xin-i-Akbari,
p. 493.
B
10
(
(24.)Mubarikpur,situated
(25.)Baroda Meo, do.
(26.)Ismallpur, do.
do.
(27.)Khairtal,
do.
(28.)Harsauli,
(29.)Toda Bhil,
(30.)Antela Bhalera,
(31.)Bairat,
(32.)Balhar,
(33.)Baroda Tatali Khan,
(34.)Ghata,
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
Ramgarh.
Lachmangarh.
Kishengarh.
of
Lfsana,
or
(35.)Hasanpur Mundawar,
(36.)Kiyara,alias Bhangarh,
(37.)GhatPiran, a/t'osRampur,
(38.)MandaorA,
Generallyin Jaipurterritory.
(39.)Bbitwaii,
(40.)Bhadawar,
(41.)Nahar Kho,
(42.)Muhaniraadabad,
(43.)Koladar,
The
Sirkar
of
villages,with an
3,22,92,880dams,
Tijarawas
of
area
Us.
or
made
up
of
18
200,976 bighas, or
807,322. The Mahals
were"
(1.)Tijara.
(2.)Indor, in
the
present Tahsil
do.
(3.)Pur,
do.
Bambohra,
(4.)
(5.)Ghar Kd Thana,
(6.)Ujfoa,
(7.)UraraUmrl,
of
do.
Tijara.
Kishengarh.
do.
do.
(8.)Pfnagwan,
(9.)Jhamrawat,
(10.)Kbanpur,
(11.)Sakras,
(12.)Santhawari,
(13.)FirozpurJhir,
(14.)Tatahpur,
Generallyin Gurgaom
district of British
territory.
(15.)Kotla,
(18.)
Kharera,
(17.)Besuni,
(18.)Nagina,
Akbar
appears
to
have
given
some
attention
to
Mewdt
In
H.
957
Ulwur
his way to Fatahpur Sikri.
on
tradition says that under
his direction a turbulent class called
Malliks,who were
settled at Mungana, a few miles south of Ulwur
city,
was
and the present village
exterminated,
of Akbarpur founded on the site
of Mungana, which was
in the
destroyed. But no mention of this is made
Local
11
Persian
his visit to
to
Mewat
Islam.
There
Malliks
of
but
Ulwur,
given the Mughal
tradition speaks of but one
Even
none
in the
but
emeute
have
to
and
In
fact,
little real
part of
the
on
occurred
verted
con-
north
survive.
now
serious
This is said
both
on
Rajputs
been
Government
have
to
them
Akbar
with
was
have
to
seem
traditions of
were
the south
to
as
seems
trouble.
These
Ulwur.*
well
east, as
from
in
Aurang-
the Governor
Khan
Khanzada
reallyformidable (seeTijara).
Hakiui
An
old book f in the possessionof one
Zakaria, of Ulwur,
Sawdi
Jai Singh of Jaipur obtained
Ulwur
in
states that the famous
However, he was
permittedto hold it for a few
jdgir from Auraugzeb.
because
it
the
out
to
was
pointed
Emperor that the fort was
years only,
Dehli to be left in the possessionof the Jaipur
too strong and too near
a
Raja. The Emperor sent a person to make
plan of the Ulwur fort,
after
of
the
hands
of
Sawdi
Jai Singh, he repaired
it
out
taking
which,
and garrisoned with imperialtroops. It would
that Aurangzeb
appear
himself visited Ulwur, for the inscriptionon
in the citynotifies
a mosque
it was
built by his order.
Shah
About
was
A.D.
1720, when Muhammad
Emperor, Churaman,
the first great Jdt freebooter,
reached Tijara, plundering the country
pretended that Ikrdm
wherever
he
made
himself
He
(see Tijara).
went
but
does
between
not
have
to
seem
and
the
effected
Jdts
A.D.
ran
overlodgment;
KishenThey
occupied
Bdnsur,
Hajipur,
Rampur,
country.
garh, Maudawar, Barod, Bahror, Karnikot, Tijara,and their progress
between
the energy
marked
1745 and 1763, when
A.D.
was
more
especially
of Surajmal, the grand-nephew of Churaman, directed them.
After his
from
which
the Jats
death the Sikhs plundered in the Tijaradistrict,
Kiili
converted
Rahtor
ousted
were
by Najaf
Khan, a
Rajput, and
had
risen in the service of the imperial
Jagirdar of Rewari, who
Kiili Khan
commauder-iu-chief, the famous Najaf Klidn.
\ tried to oust
permanent
1724
1763
the
At
the
of Akbar's
time
Mulaua, resident
to
so
much
almost
his
visit there
A
at Ulwur.
foundation
One
power.
consists
as
in
would
the time
Badauni
t This
death
of whose
occurred, would
have
been
have
book, and
to
important office
of
names
can
he
would
himself
old
the
had
be
of
celebrated
have
actual
an
Shekh
saint, named
visited him, and
Akbar
expected that
visit of
that foundation,
Akbar
the
to
tadauni
the
story
Mubarak
would
shekh.
made
was
have
But
had
there
is
with
Akbar, observing
highest veneration for the shekh, a sketch of whose life and
gives, and yet he says nothing of the visit,which, had it
in the shekh's
of the greatestevents
one
life,and which
proceedings. He
was
was
witnessed.
Tarikh
in
Mewat
from
no
value here.
Hind
in the
Raj library,specifythe
Aurangzeb's
The
time
officialswere
to Badan
persons
Singh Jat's
appointed
but
string
all Musalmau.
died at Kanound
" Najaf Kulf Khan
(now Patiala territory),where
Appa Sahib
Ismail Beg came
taken prisonerby the
to her assistance,but was
besiegedhis widow.
at Agra.
Marhattas, and eventuallydied in confinement
from
Jdts
the
leader,
Mughal
unmolested
After
Kot
near
Tijara,
The
Jats,
embraced
The
1
time
no
the
or
vol.
the
either
the
pp.
48.
p.
less
imperial
great
him.
The
to
came
this
at
the
Marhattas
recovered
by
subject
to
officers,
and
Tijara
Najaf
him.*
oust
defeated
finally
two,
held
Beg
defied,
again
or
126.
in
weakened
Jats
or
of
towns
by
Patan,
pied
occu-
the
Jats.
Khan,
who
whose
Empire,
p.
as
193
Najaf
arid
retreating
Khdn,
dominion
present
Tijara
on
Ulwur
could
and
must
Local
the
Ulwur
History.
before
Ismail
of
as
trace
the
(A.D.
resist
not
tract
known
now
rules
territory
small
the
Ramgarh
and
at
for
struggle
held
and
Ulwur
which
sept,
the
Marhattas
Nariikas,
the
meutioned
once
47,
Ismail
was
was
more
joined
now
Jats,
great
Mughal
are
Keene,
of
this
Keene's
and
had
abode
of
growth
Sindiah,
had
of
south
lying
the
supersede
celebrated
Mewat.
Narukas
770-75),
At
last
the
all
usually
of
to
After
after
years
were
Beg
also
Beg,
and
had
scattered.
army
some
however,
perhaps,
was,
his
which
he
Ismail
fortune,
and
Putli,
hands,
whom
Marhattas,
of
fluctuations
Ismail
and
Marhattas
other's
each
into
the
until
failed,
the
by
sent
was
played
however,
hut
Kishengarh,
12
them.
country
Narukhand,
origin
aud
State.
The
Beg.
Marhattaa,
_Skinner"s
under
Life,
(
from
title of
Khan
issue
follows
as
1. Rao
Lar
Emperor.
Khdu's
son,
Fateh
Singh,
had
"
Kalidn
Singh.
Singh, whose
Karan
2.
the
14
descendant
holds
villageBahali
of
Rajgarh,
Ulwur.
descendant
holds
Singh, whose
village Narainpur of
Rajgarh, Ulwur.
Ranchor
Das, whose descendant holds villageTikel of Jaipur.
Akhe
3.
4.
to have
appears
settle in the present Ulwur
Kalian
Rao
Singh
been
the
first of
the
Lalawat
but Dasawat
Narukas
territory,
were
already established in the tract called Nariikhand, of which a portion
Ulwur
forms
a
now
territory(see " Aristocracy,"page
part of Southern
121). Kalidn Singh is said to have lost the old family estate of Jhak
in supporting his Chief, Jai Singh, against a rival,
and to have received
which
the
eastern
border
of
the Nariikhand
of
estate
on
an
lay
Macheri,
included in that tract.
His services,
however,
the Dasawats, and which became
which
had been bestowed
Sawai
were
on
chieflyperformedat Kama-,
Jai Singh by Aurangzeb, and in the neighbourhood of which the Meos were
of Kama, now
The
in Bhartpur, seems
troublesome.
to
government
Narukas
have
Jai
to
or
of Sawai
more
Kalian
Singh,who
It is
to consider
probable that he continued
the
claim
which
revived by
to
was
Kama,
his descendant, Bakhtdwar
Singh. One legend says he returned home
of a propheticrhyme addressed to him by a lady upon
in consequence
the
directions he had
solicited just before she became
funeral pile,whose
returned
then
the
himself
"
to
Macheri.
rightfulJagirdar of
Satf."
Jao has ab des men,
"
Age
"
kul
men
Go,
dwell
Rao
Rao
Kalianjlap.
honge,partapikPartap."
in your
own
land,
Kalian.
s.
1728
Their
and
Singh'sreturn
date of Kalian
The
A.D.
seats
were
as
is
given
as
Asoj
Sudi
doj
(1671).
are
to Mdcheri
follows
Kalian
:
"
or
Palrva,founded
or
Singh.
Isri
by
Singh.
occupied
(
The
of
sons
horses
the
to
Kalidn
Singh
of
service
15
said
are
Jaipur.
horse
have
to
furnished
eighty-four
representedabout
vated
culti-
200
acres.
Macheri
The
the
family splitinto
head
Chief
than
of
two
is
(seeGenealogicalTree
the Ulwur
now
Bijwtlr,who
the members
Chief.
is,therefore,more
of any
The
in
Appendix);
head
of the
nearly related to
Bijwar,
thikanas
of
panch
"
"
known
the
as
are
Para, Pdi, Khora, and Palwa
Bdra
Ulwur, and they and their offshoots togetherare spoken of as the
it
is
which
borrowed
from
was
Jaipur, where
Kotri," a term
applied to
families
related
the
Chief.
It
Anand
to
Rao
was
some
Singh's two
Zorawar
Rao
grandsons who divided the estate of Macheri.
Singh, as
Zalim
head of the house, remained
at Macheri.
Singh received Bijwar.
Rao
and
Zorawar
second
successor
was
Singh's grandson
Partdp
half
who
of
his
little
and
two
estate
a
developed
villagesinto a
Singh,
off allegiance
and threw
to Jaipur. Partap Singh's energy
principality,
him
and address
seem
prominent in Jaipur.* He
early to have made
Thakur
of Chomu
for the highestplace in
with the Nathdwat
contended
"
he
Darbdr;
was
ordered
to
coerce
his turbulent
of
He
made
was
by him.
Unidrd, whose peace with the Jaipur chief was
relieve
fort
of
the
the
sent with Jaipur troops to
Ranthambor,
imperial
of
Marhattas.
At
his
which
was
positionor
besiegedby
garrison
length
conduct excited jealousyat Jaipur,and a famous
astrologerdrew attention
destined to
considered to indicate one
to the rings in his eyes, which
are
in
gerous
His
at
Jaipur was
thought dankingly dignity.
presence
consequence
to the Chief,and he had to flyfor his life. At Rajgarh (in Ulwur),
where he stopped,he is said to have met his brethren and to have enjoined
himself
them
faithful to their Chief,the Raja of Jaipur. He
to remain
the
where
he
took
service
with
vid
Dehli
towards
Dig,
proceeded
great Jit,
latter's
resolved
to
his
Jawahir
After
the
Mai.
death,
Singh,
Suraj
son,
march
to Pokhar
Partap Singh, still loyal
throughJaipur territory
; and
Jawahir
to his Chief,quarrelledwith
Singh on that account, left him,
desired.
Jawahir
much
and returned to Jaipur, where his assistance was
Sumroo
with his army, avoided the direct
Singh, who had the well-known
The
derived
the
sketch
from
old Ulwur
Partap Singh'scareer
compilation by the late
officials; and another by
of
and
of the
Diwan
Sheo
originof
the Nanikas
who
Gopal,
Bakhsh
Bharait,one
Jai
was
has
been
chiefly
the best-informed
of the
most
of
intelligent
rhymers.
The
works
most
referred to
"
(
tried
route, and
thirtymiles
the
and
defeated.
his way
of Jaipur. There
to
north
famous
16
make
of
battle
Sambat
1823
Maonda
fought, in
Singh
was
which
(A.D.1766), Jawahir
the
retreated
Jats
were
via Ulwur*
man.
Bhartpur,pursued by the Jaipur forces under one Raj Singh, an artillerytained
Partap Singh, aft.er the victory,went straightto Jaipur,and obMacherf.
the Chief's permission to build a fort at Rajgarh,near
the first
and
at
of
fort
the
site
The
Partap Singh'srequest,chosen,
was,
the pursuit of the
struck by Raj Singh, then returning from
matlock
Jats, and this Raj Singh is said to have subsequentlyled the Jaipur
troops in attacking it.f
the first considerable
This fort of Rajgarh was
stronghold possessedby
battle
for
time
after
the
of Maonda
who
some
preserved
Singh,
Partdp
friendlyrelations with his Chief. This appears from the fact of his going
the latter went to be married at Bikanir
in charge of the Chief's heir when
to have
in s. 1825 (Bikdnir Gazetteer,p. 62). Shortly after he seems
to
Kankwari, Thana
Ghdzi, and Ajabgarh,all in the south-west of the present territory.He
of Jaipur to the south-west,
also occupied other territory
J which was,
recovered
that
State
of Partdp
the
lifetime
by
partly during
however,
Singh, partlyduring his successor's. Partap Singh at one time occupied
in Shekhawatti.
With
the Rao Raja of
territory
up to the Sikar villages
Sikar he formed an alliance,
and, accordingto the Sikar account, enabled
him to punish his troublesome
neighbours of Kdnsli.
s.
1830, Partapgarh
The
Ulwur
fort
was
in the hands
time
same
of the Jdts of
Bhartpur,who
at the
"
Keene's
t The
name
Moghul Empire, p.
of the hill
on
82.
which
it was
situated
is
Pahari.
Ba"grajkf
17
to the
Up
declared
he would
resist.
One
account
that
says
Najaf
Khan
ordered
Partap Singh to vacate the Ulwur Fort, or to pay tribute to the Emperor,
and on his refusal,marched
garh
against him, and so the siege of Lachmanwhich
took place. The Marhattas
is the subjectof a ballad
aided
the siege was
raised.
When
Partap Singh, and after four months
Najaf
Khan
abandoned
the siege,Khushali
Ram, above mentioned, remained
with him as PartapSingh'sVakil.
His brother,Daulat
Ram, was also in
Partap Singh's service,and the latter is said to have given both brothers
In revenge
deadly offence by cuffing Daulat Ram.
they urged Najaf
Khan
when
wards
toto make
a
came
he, on invitation,
prisonerof Partap Singh
the
Musalman
confer
Khan.
to
with
Accordingly,
Dig
Najaf
troops
surrounded
Partap Singh and his party at Rassia,near Nagar in Bhartpur.
Partap Singh, who was engaged in worship when the surpriseoccurred,
induced
was
by Thakur
Mangal Singh of Khera, who had distinguished
himself in the Lachmangarh campaign, to save
himself,and, with such of
his followers as could break through, he escaped to Lachmangarh. The
"
Rassia
"
attack
is commemorated
"
kasumbi
pagrl,lajjarakbe
times
Rassia bill,
seven
Tbeir
red turbans
flew
Ram
The
by
Rassia
ironical
an
couplet
"
"
in
Ram."
salutation,
off,may
save
their honour."
occurred
s.
1836
but he
he
(A.D. 1779).
replenishedhis
plunderedBaswa, a
coffers
town
of
an
attack
himself,whose
in
name
who
Ram,
on
Chief
the
by
Daulat
Rajgarh.
Jaipur,near
18
B.
had
gone
1839, an
also
was
to
Jaipur,again advised
from
Jaipur,headed
Partap Singh, approached
army
of
forbearance.
trusted
officials were
Hoshdar
former
The
Khan
and
General
Mian
Sindhia's
was
Perron,
for his
and aided by Najaf Khan, he obtained
officer,
from the Emperor, at Dehli,the much-coveted
master
insigniacalled Mahi
which
the
Ulwur
Darbar
with care, and still
are
Maratib,"
preservedby
His minister,Ram
Sewak, is spoken of as
paraded on great occasions.
Ram
in the acquirement of funds.
Khushali
Haldia was
aiding much
he had abandoned,* but
murdered
by direction of Partap Singh, whom
with
the
Haldia
made
terms
familyduring the Jaipur attack
Partap Singh
of it is now
chief officer of the army.
on
Partap
Rajgarh,and a member
Singh died in s. 1847 (A.D.1791). Before his death, having no sons of
heir jn a curious manner.
the twelve
his own, he selected an
Any boy of
kotrfs,"that is,any descendant of Kalian Singh, was held by him to be
the best,he assembled
folk,
kinsand in order to secure
his young
eligible,
probably eliminated those whose horoscopeswere not promising, and
selected Bakhtawar
Singh of Thdna ; because,though a little child,
finally
sword and shield to any of the toys which pleased the other
he preferred
a
Singh was not only far from being the nearest of kin
boys. Bakhtawar
but
he was
scion of one
of the five chief
not
to Partap Singh,
even
a
families.
house to which
he belonged was
The Thana
of
a junior branch
thus established which was
Para ; and a family precedent was
to have a
Jiwan
Khan.
French
famous
"
"
lastinginfluence.
Partdp Singh
was
talked
is much
prowess
of an
and his execution
the Ulwur
and
how
In
Eaorias
free
The
the accounts
towards
to
was
an
the
that he
was
of him
the Chief
rather
cruel
man.
It is
dwell
is said to
in Lachmangarh, some
was
inspectingvillages
I,as Settlement Officer,
complain that they had been deprivedof a certain villagereceived in rentfor distinguished
service to the State.
ancestor
It turned out that this
1874, when
came
grant by
service
much
forbearance
constant
Jaipur.
to indicate
Fort, seem
remarkable
of
man
murder
of Kl.usbali
Bam.
(
have
been
in
have
been
six
19
or
seven
lakhs.
Bakhtawar
Soon
Singh occupiedKama
Bakhtawar
and
other
Firozpur,and
Putli.
of note possessed
Bhartpur border the last Khauzadas
some
as
territory. Zulfikar Khan, the principal,had a fort known
Ghasaoli,and had opposed the Ulwur Chief. About A.D. 1800, Bakhtawar
Singh, aided by the Marhattas,expelled him, destroyed the fort,and
established that of Gobindgarh near
to its site.
On
"
the present
At
the
of
commencement
the
Marhatta
of the British
and
under
"
As
of the
Laswari."
a
reward
Bakhsh
Luharu
conferred
British
present Ulwur
Mewat, were
Appendix).
The
alliance.
on
Government
Bakhtawar
conferred
Singh
Ulwur.
1803
(see Treaties
Firozpur in Gurgaom
Firozpur,independentof
in
of his
own
on
in
Ahmad
request,was
made, like
(
afterwards
months
Some
20
the British
Government
allowed
Bakhtawar
exchange
to
bar and
Sonkhar
Hariana
for the
in the
"
pay
three lakhs
About
the
this time
of rupees
Bakhtawar
principalsymptom
of
of the expenses
to have
account
on
Singh
his
is said
malady being
the cruel
of the
expedition.
deranged,
become
in
manner
which
he caught
Wherever
against the Mahomedans.
of
is said to have
a
given him the option
performing a
of
his
off.
recorded
that on one
cut
and
It
is
or
ears
miracle,
nose
having
occasion he sent
Bakhsh
and ears
to Ahmad
a pot full of noses
Khan,
who had done him such good service,
but with whom
he had quarrelled.
He also caused many
Mahomedan
tombs and mosques
to be desecrated,
*
turning the latter into Hindu temples."
These proceedings caused much
at Dehli, the Musalmans
excitement
of which desired to invade Ulwur, but they were
by the Resident,
pacified
he
who
his
vented
Fakir
hatred
he
strove
chief.
Bakhtawar
Administration
quoted
great deal,and
"
Treaties."
t His
Achnera.
grandson, Chinaman
Singh,turned
traitor in
1857, and
caused
the
disaster
of
(
describes
chronicle
22
his
and
people at that time ' as singularly
savage
robbers
be
reformed
to
but
the
brutal,
by profession,never
or
subdued/
Chief accomplished the difficult task of bringing them
into comparative
order."
The
of his
Meos
"
were
aud
subjects,
the most
it was
numerous
well
as
as
the most
some
trouble-
tisement,
signalchasby burning their villagesand carrying off their cattle,that he
succeeded
in subduing them."
In order to render the large turbulent
villagesharmless he broke them up, compelling the inhabitants to dwell on
of little hamlets
their lands in a number
(seeRaghunathgarh and Nikach).
"
of the State had previouslybeen carried on without
The government
and
his two brothers,"able
system, but with the assistance of Ammujau
Musalman
the Chief took into his service and
gentlemen of Dehli, whom
"about
made
Diwans
made.
The land revenue
1838, great changes were
had priorto that year been levied in kind, the State often claiming half
of the
the gross
produce, plus a thirteenth of the remainder, on account
"
in
stituted,
subof
collection
coin
(see Rent-rates"). Payments
were
expenses
not
"
and
which
were
civil and
criminal
courts
were
established; but
introduced
1850
not
were
show
that the
largesum
of eleven
lakhs
was
realised in that
one
year
'
23
(
of the
Chief
Native
his bad
ones
enough.
"
During
unable
was
"
to
his death
Before
he had
almost
uncontrolled
bad
and
bad
were
as
force
he was,
in the
power
opportunityof proving
an
Bedridden
despatched a
and
army,
exercised
Government.
British
remembered
are
of the
in consequence,
Diwans,
his
State.
consistingof
about
the
loyaltyto
800
of his
infantry,400
whom
among
khillats from
of note, whose
The old Chief was
Sardars
ten
were
Government.
the
spared
writing
should
having
he
"
traitorous
The
The
news.
lost the
from
down
be sent
some
reason
sent
he is
out
occasion
that
was
"
to
was
his small
Raja
Singh Kalianot,mentioned
is said to
have
been
lakh
of rupees
force."
Bahadur
above
connected
Chimman
as
servant
by marriage with
of the mutineers.
established
influence
to
faithful
the
Ramu,
such
this
subsequentlyreceived
the
on
his
of his tongue
use
on
of Samrat
He
but
last order
leader
Singh, grandson
of Partap Singh.
Ulwur
heirs
a
was
old
great influence
for
used
acquiresome
indignityas
chela,died
in 1825.
His
Mulla
son
had
the young
Chief,and, on the whole,this
for he was
and
kept under restraint,
pelled
com-
over
good,
education.
to excite the
anger
But
of
Mulla
treated him
the
Rajputs,and
sometimes
at
last
with
Akhe
Mulla
24
(
found
Captain Nixon
the
"
Chief
in
anguish
an
the
"
"
the
many
improvements
three-yearsettlement
made
were
of the
Laud
administered,and
regarding the
Information
and
Revenue
Captain Impey
well
Darbar.
be
will
the
found
subsequent ten-year
in
Appendix IV.
his
was
Important public
of
fine
and useful tank,
constructed
which
a
were
by
him,
buildings
very
and commodious
handsome
a
court-house,and some
important roads,were
the
attained
When
to
the principal.
Maharaja
Singh,
power, Lakdir
left the State,and resided
of his villages,
whom
the Chief deprived of one
In 1866
he invaded
Ulwur
with a body of followers,
at Jaipur and Ajmir.
settlement
This
by
introduced.
most
but
he met
durable
with
administrative
little success,
and
had
work.
to
retire.
The
ment
Govern-
(
reduced, and grants
Several
resumed.
of various
and
the
1870
Political
Agent
included.
But
he had
"
of the
Musalmans
broke
Eastern
shortly
after
been
States,"in which
insurrection
the
and
had
of
out
generations,
February
in
Blair
Ulwur
then
was
in 1869
been
had
himself
exerted
Fifteen
James
Captain
out.
holders,were
for
employed
disbanded
were
their
raised.
were
had
bodyguard,
insurrection
cavalry which
C/iauki,or
Kh"s
another
before
of
corps
25
greatly to repress
and
States of
appointed to the Eastern
Captain T. Cadell, V.C., was
between
effect
reconciliation
He
unable
in
his
to
a
was
Rajputana
place.
the Chief and the insurgentThakurs, because the former would not concede
of India appointed a Council
anything; and at length the Government
under
the presidencyof the Political Agent, who
then, December
1870,
from
Eastern
the
became
Political Agent of Ulwur, which was
separated
the
States.
The Raja was
to have a seat at the Board, but not to have
power of vetoing its decisions or interferingin the executive.
The
members
follows:
as
Thakur
Tbakur
Thakur
Thakur
Pandit
of
the Council
Nariika
Thakurs
and
man,
Brah-
"
Singh of BijwAr, \
Mabtab
Singh of Khora, " Of the twelve
Hardeo
Singh of Thana, )
Mangal Singh of Garhi,Dasawat Naruka.
Narain, who was before in the Council
JElup
Lakbdir
fixed allowance
four
were
settled
was
the
on
under
Singb.
CaptainImpey.
Maharaja,and
an
establishment
sumed
paid up and disbanded, the repart
grants were, with the sanction of Government, for the most
reforms
tered
en(detailedin the statistical part)were
restored,administrative
established.
and
order
was
entirely
on,
Captain Cadell proposed that as Captain Impey's last Land Revenue
about to expire,
should be made, and
Settlement
a regular settlement
was
officer
this
for
was
an
appointed on January 1, 1872.
purpose
In April 1874, Major Cadell went
on
furlough,and Captain Powlett
allotted
to
him.
the
14th
The
residents
of Dehli.
new
until he
came
were
back
in December
Maharaja
opened.
The
levies
kotrfs of Kalian
entertained
on
railroad
1875.
from
the occasion
the 6th of
On
the main
On
the
in weak
llth
October, Maharao
Raja
Sheodan
Dehli
number
Ulwur
and
to
Ulwur
of
European
Bandikui
Singh, who
was
had
on
long
health,died of brain affections a few days after his twentyninth birthday. His funeral took placethe same
day. No disturbance or
excitement
followed
the
of
the
death
Chief; and as he left no
popular
of the
legitimate issue, inquirieswere
requisitefor the determination
been
succession.
(
It
was
the
These
the
the
families
family precedent
best
which,
candidate
above
as
that
widow
of
was
minor,
"
forth, the
set
from
Bdrah
party wished
One
of
one
of
Kotri"
be
to
guided
the
by
told,had
nearness
selected
be
established
one
already
should
unanimous.
not
were
Chief
new
families,called,as
Singh.
Kalian
by
that
necessary
Naruka
the
26
already supplied
kin
the
while
third
Chiefs
late
showed
mother
only
first
at
sired
de-
The
should
and
Chiefs
two
some
vacillation.
of the two
directed that the claims
Eventually the Government
minent
procandidates,Lakhdir
Singh of Bijwar and Mangal Singh of Thana,
be referred to the " Barah
made
Kotri," and accordinglythe reference was
the 22d November
in favour
of Mangal Singh,
A majority was
1874.
on
who
of Ulwur
Ruler
by His
as
recognised and confirmed
was, therefore,
Excellency the Viceroy.
Maharao
the
Cushion
on
Raja Maugal Singh took his seat on the
14th December, a month
after he had completed his fifteenth year.
The officials and the great majority of the j"gird"rs cordiallyaccepted
"
"
the
but
Chief;
new
Kotri," togetherwith
allegiance; and after
Lakhdir
other
one
and
Singh
jdgirddr of position,would
effort had
every
been
"
supporters of the
his
tender
not
them
to induce
made
Barah
their
give
to
way,
to
taken
and
there
to
The
whole
total
to reside.
The
permitted
in
to remain
number
estates
his duties
Council
at
Ajmir.
one-seventh
less than
were
less
trary
con-
one-sixth
than
of
the
of
the
in
of
March
appointed guardian to
essential
that
had
been
established
at
and
time
under
Reforms
necessitated
the
administration
all obstructions.
for
special executive
the
Political
were
Agent
formerly
Council,had
in
found
order
established
Part
II.
which
in
should
the
death
good
necessary.
deal
be
strong enough
by
direction
of
of the
direction
and
disappeared,and
withdrew
and
system
With
force
tered
en-
1876.
Management
which
Chief,and
the
exceptional arrangements.
urgently needed, opposition in every way was
expected,and
then
mentioned
C.S.I.,was
Manphul,
promptly
the
not
were
him
accompanied
Thakurs
recusant
jdgir lands.
circumstances
which
other
resistingjdgird"rs were
jdgirddr body, and their
on
was
under
The
orders, but
Pandit
were
"
This
change
department, some
was
the
to
the
remove
necessity
Government,
interference
rendered
assistance
details
it
easy
of
of which
by
the
are
II.
PART
CHAPTER
GENERAL
Naruka
THE
State
Rajput
latitude, and
between
is, according
to
of
76"
I.
DESCRIPTION.
Ulwur
and
10'
is situated
27"
between
15' longitude.
77"
Its
5' and
28"
area
I
maps
miles, and
square
the
Gurgaom,
of
pargana
south
by
its
It
778,596.
was
of
bounded
the
west
on
the
survey
the
of the
on
of
according
on
pargana
Jaipur
Jaipur
population,
is
Bdwal
topographical
by
east
to
State
and
and
Kot
in
British
Nabha,
Bhartpur
by Jaipur,
taken
the
by
"*"
'
3024
census
north
Sikh
India,
15'
1872,
district
the
Kot
Gurgaom
the
on
Putli, Nabha,
of
Kdsira
Patiala
and
territory.
whole
The
the
line
duly
Governoralso
mapped
General
set
between
boundary
in
the
up
by
the
Ulwur
Captain
boundary
pillars
Jaipur
border
this
Agent
the
in
and
Boundary
"*"iemeut.
He
1872.
1870, 1871,
on
determined
was
Assistant
Abbott,
1869,
years
and
following
three
years.*
In
February
of
two
the
boundary
Lieutenant
Patiala
and
on
was
determined
between
The
It
In
Durbar
t
the
fixed
disputes
by the
and
near
is described
1868
and
;f
in
laid
1874-75
down
remaining
the
the
disputed
the
existed
British
Ulwur
between
Settlement
Ulwur
and
Bhartpur
and
of
Officers
daries.
bounBritish
Ulwur
and
1876.
of
Ulwur
the
centre
villages
situated
on
its
border
show
disputed
and
Ulwur
v.
boundary
Ajerika
of
Commissioner
Partap-pur
of
the
State,
is the
chief
Chief
town,
elsewhere.
the
Ndngal,
Siaka
by
where
maps
situated
March
Caduwds,
decided
Gurgaom
Panjab,
decided
line, and
of
accurately.
boundary
Ulwur,
on
Morrison
1872
settlement
border
border.
Captain
boundary
Officer
Nabha
Commissioner,
border
Nabha
The
Gurgaom
town.
the
1853-54
territory
the
disputes
Ulwur
Settlement
the
Assistant
Assistant
Massy,
boundaries
In
the
1873
of
Ulwur
Amballah.
Girdhapur
Nabha.
between
was
village Paoti
settled
with
the
of Nabha
consent
and
of the
villages
Ulwur
and
singleor
miles.
to
whole
State.
To
are
double
lines.
These
feature
the
short, or
exception.
an
and
part parallel,
most
south,
narrow,
most
at
the
north
low,
those
however,
for
hills,
of
Ridges
28
border
I have
mentioned
the State.
in the
Due
But
of fine
east
of
and
hills,the
is
remoter
To
the north
north-west
often
north-east
in
are,
for many
broad
generallyopen.
line
joiningthem
of which
lie somewhat
of
nearest
and
ranges,
is situated
ranges
in masses,
for the valleys between
are
divided
wider
are
by
valleys,which, to
almost
rich.
west
the
the centre of
near
city of Ulwur
it,on the border,lies Rajgarh,the second town
these two points the country is for the most
territory. Between
part level.
and
that the
south
few
are
hills to the
continuous,and
throughout
there
often
The
are
observable
north
and
east
lyinggenerallyfrom
of the
west
State,the
border, it
are
sion
succes-
irregularly,
The
generally narrow.
the south-west, are very
soil is generallyvery light,
A
in
The
sketch describingthe
geological
character
Appendix.
an
and
chieflydhauk
shrubs
and
which
sdlar.
abound
on
Fort,
Bhurasidh
Bandrol
Point,
1 mile
west
their
Game
of
InfantryLines,
Fort,
2214
"
2131
"
feet.
.2128
....
1960
"
1927
....
"
Jaipur border
Ghazi
ka Thdnu
2307
....
....
"
2390
"
2048
"
uninhabitable.
entirelydry
Other
is rather
It
in hot
than
Siliserh,shallow,and
often
weather.
streams
is
smaller
with
dammed
are
for
retained
view
cultivation,but
to
will be
short
the
as
properly described
a
more
only
time, they
tanks
Irrigation." There are also a few permanent
(see Talao,
Rajgarh, Ajabgarh, Baghera).
three points on
Fish are preserved in the Siliserh lake,and
at two
or
the Riiparelfor the benefit of the Darbar, and
in some
of
water
"
under
the tanks
is
there
restriction
no
Maliyas
persons,
religiousmotives.
The
catchingthem.
on
Musalman
"
from
wild-fowl.
fish and
caste
There
is
and
"
Deoti
Darbar
in
Kahars,
class
no
At
and
elsewhere
four
employs
of fishermen
the
now,
five
or
protectingand
ing
catchnets
of
Kahdrs,
Scl
(large)and
fish served
on
who
soli
skewers
inferior fish.
and
(small) are
(small)
and
ker
Siliserh
and
the
at
breakfast
Temara
(large)
are
Barah.
liked
and
both
only.
by
natives.
tables.
both
Chdlwa
and
Pariya
are
bdrcas
the
little
are
large
and
small
sdnka,
Singi
very bony.
indigestible. The best fish are found in
Pariya, sol, and soli,are the commonest,
especiallypariya.f
In
Deoti
there
are
only
the
with
come
the
rains.
in Siliserh and
the Barah;
Alligators(Gau) are found
they grow
six or
fish.
seven
feet, and
destroy many
They also kill goats
and
donkeys,
occasionallyponies.
*
See
t Dr
Elliot's Mus.
Ffrench
of fish found
Hist.,vol. vi. p.
:
"
and
352.
in Ulwur
to
me
with
the
followinglist
(
The
There
To
of the hills
mass
is
with
bands
some
trap
the north-west
miles
limestone,
the south, and
slates
are
pinkishmarble.
Metamorphic
throughoutthe hillyregion
of
to
city.
found, and also
marble
for
is found
is also
marble
quarriedin
is
slabs
and
twenty
miles
south-east
of the
ashlar
sandstone
to
twenty
fine white
Mineral
productions.
found,
fine white
south-west
Within
spersed
quartzite,inter-
are
schist, "c.
gueiss
sandstone
of Ulwur
micaceous
the
to
slate-coloured
north-east
31
the
buildingpurposes.
sixteen
miles
east
of the
city and
in its
bourhood.
neigh-
Darbar
most
They
preserves
abundant
in the
Forests
"
in
xt,
the
"
the
city,where
woods, which
the tree in
there
stand
centre
both
part, and
only
those
regarding
the
AI.
the
not
cultivated
and
the
borders
Preserves.
'*
trees,shrubs, and
Here
"
thick
been
away
remain.
to
under
off
6dbul"
cleared
suffered
found
"
uncultivated
it will be sufficient to
plants,and
1.1
neighbourhood
but
extensive
are
on
the
Wood
"
"
ii
in
plain elsewhere,especially
wad
are
and
vegetable
P"1"*10118-
land.
for the
Some
Lately
most
details
"
general situation.
their
has
no
to completeness
:
pretensions
"
I
Chaparn
TT,
or
"
(Nyctanthes
J
v
offered
in
Used
arbortristis).
temples.
juice,put
Long pods yielding
(Wrightiatinctoria).
scabbards
Sword
Karidla
Gurjen.
are
Harwngar
Kirna
of its wood.
is made
or
Amaltds
made
from
wood.
(Cassiafistula).
32
Bandsa.
Used
Ddsd.
tan
Ledges.
Its fruit eaten
by
(Acaciaarabica). Another
name
Zarkher.
or
Kikar
in
for bdbul.
"c., made
instrument),
Sarangis (a musical
Komblier.
poor.
from
(Phythanthusemblica).
bearingsmall
Shrub, with alternate spikateshoots,
Aonla
Dolia.
it.
alternate leaves.
ovate
Bahera.
(medicinal).
Harh
(Diospyrosinelanoxylon).Furnishes
Chonkar
or
Kejra (Prosopisspicigera).
A
Gajrend.
fig; leaves like bargat,"and
Tendu
ebony.
"
binola"
"
as
food
with
"
"
un.
It is
equal to
for cattle.
Simal
similar habits.
the
flowers
before
they
and
Root
Has
Aria.
bark
very
and
acid
fruit used
seed in
Rosaries made
Jiwapot.
Ber
good
or
(Anthocephalus
Kadam
thing
some-
in medicine.
Kurd.
Kdld
large tree.
Roxburghii).
Hingot (Balanites
Gular (Ficusvirgata).
Leaves alternate ;
Ganger,the Chabeni of Karaull (Grewia populifolia).
like young
ilex.
Has
like
which
tastes
a drupe
a
hip ; makes
walking-sticks.
Jdman
(Syzygiumjambolanum).
Aila.
open
medicine.
Nauclea
from
kadamba).
its berries.
(Zizyphushortensis).
} ^arSe^eaved handsome
Umra
myrrh),offered
\
)
Kdkond.
Guldr.
tree.
Small
Jinger.
Handsome
Komher.
Ill the
shrub.
large-leaved
leaves ; wood
Large pipal-shaped
plainsthe followingtrees
Khejra.
(Sesbania).
Khair.
Nim
(Meliaindica).
(Acaciaarabia). Very
Pipal. Fig.
Kikar
(Bdelliumor
f Bushes.
V
Kadam.
Jent
gum
or
Papar.
Furnishes
"
"
numerous.
are
the commonest
"
33
Bargat. Fig.
(Salvadora).
Fardsh
(Tamarisk).
Skis/tarn (Dalbergia).
Ruhera
(Tecoma).
fttu (Salvadora).
Am
(Mango).
Imli (Tamarind).
Senjna (Moringa).
Ber (Zizyphusjujuba).
Jhdl
The
valuable
most
Kikar.
its bark
Dhank
used
in
of the abundant
trees
are
used by
(whichis that chiefly
dyeing and
in
"
the
Darbar);
distilling
spirit.
and
Vtil
Used
Much
Bamboos.
for
charcoal
for
used
Raj
mostly.
(See Mines
and
Quarries.)
and
of
produces a revenue
They are
importedbamboo.
Palms.
Used
for pankahs, fruit,and mats;
sum
yieldsa trifling
Toddy is not produced.
besides.
Dhdk
purposes,
Rs. 3000
inferior to the
to
Raj.
or
keaves
Chila
Lac.
used
universa"v
as
platters
; bringa small
revenue.
esculent flowers.
GRASSES.
Serin.
,'
"
Bagder.
Ba.ru.
)
( Common
Aryan.
QandhU.
T
water
"
in
largequantities.
plains.
largereed-like lookinggrass.
Better
Jaranga.
much
preserves
The
grass
than
; grows
Matmard
"
Surwdld
often
seen
on
field borders
where
four feet
is the
high.
name
villagers'
for it.
)
f See
Lamp.
Kdns.
The
Karauli
well-known
Gazetteer.
land-impoverishing
grass.
E
there
is
Ddb
or
f The
Dab.
Bharut.
The
See
prickly-huskedgrass.
food
for humau
"
Gazetteer."
Bikanfr
It is little used
in Ulwur.
CMnt,
Labdan,
other grasses.
Are
Phulan,
Sarwdli,
Guwdn,
Mota
(Panicum colonum),
(?),Sawank
I
are,
believe, the
people in
Bathiia
and
European
kind
small
hills,but
the
round
("
they
city.
also found
"
few
miles
plains to the
the
earlypart
the
by
of the
-i
both
also
hilly tract,as
year,
the
well
and
and
the
large
in
frequent
every
Chief
numerous
and
everywhere,
the
by
killed
are
many
square
b"ghera"), are
the
chieflyeaten
are
rains.
Panthers,
almost
over
roam
the
(Dactyloctenium Egyptiacum),
which
space
and
found
are
the
sportsmen.
tendua"
S"mbhar
Many
in
within
year
after the
Choldi, Lohsua
'
animals.
of
scarcity.
principalwild vegetablesof
abound
Tigers (ndhar)
Wild
grasses
Makara
seeds
the
are
Panwdr,
and
of
times
Dub
the
the
the
same
gardens
nilg"i,which
as
are
north.
all
Pig were
formerly numerous
the State, but Maharaja Sheodan
over
Singh allowed the villagersto kill
them, and at present there are comparatively few.
Antelopes are to be
found
on
everywhere.
Of
small
numerous
game,
ducks
Deoti,
where
Coolan
they
and
are
caught
are
the
on
in
nets
geese,
said to be
The
as
attached
following is
Bakhsh, Superintendent
Sher
or
Ndliar
Tendtid
and
to each
wild
of the
Raj
Ghantdli
Sdmbhar.
as
the chakrvd
animals,
preserves
and
furnished
cliakwi.
by
Khawas
Sheo
"
(tiger).
(large
panther).
Believed
by
natives
to
be
cross
between
the
panther
tigress.
Baghera (smallerpanther).
Lidli or Bedido (wolf).
Jarak
(hyena),on which Ddkans
one
other
list of
was
caught at
(a small
Ulwur
deer shot
or
with
near
witches
nose
water
are
bored
in hot
said to ride.
for
strings.
weather).
Sheo
Bakhsh
says
(
Roz
35
(femalenilgai).
(male nilgai).
Nil
Ilaran
(antelope).
(ravinedeer).
(pig).When twelve
Chikdra
Suar
Dhim
Seh
It
(porcupine).
will
Si"l
GdJrd
or
a
person
Lonkti
or
hare).
is said that if
(jackal).Said
keeps this about
porcupinequillbe
to
stuck
in
hold
door, the house-
observed
rain in
for
what
is called
SiijAl
Singhi\
if
he is invulnerable.
him
(fox). If it barks
there will be
is much
of
bullets.
to
quarreltill it is removed.
Phokri
Mdgh,
years
in
the
months
Kuwar.
This
animal
omens.
(badger).
Mashak
bildi
(wildcat).
Sheo Bakhsh
(ant-eater).
or
were
passing.
Jal mama
(otter).
Siyah gosh (lynx).
Sdla
Newal
has
seen
it
lyingsuckingup
ants
which
had collected
(mungoose).
Jatkar
(mungoose,largekind).
Ghora Go (a lizard about two
feet long,from the skin
are
made, especially
"c.,
covering,
by the poor).
Gadar
bildo (wildcat).
to such an
Langur (monkey). Said to love its young
and
upon
the trees
the
near
extent
shoes,scabbard
that it preserves
after death.
Mischievous
Chamgidar (flying-foxes).
of which
in
in
great
bers
num-
BIRDS.
MurgJd (spurredpartridges).
(partridges).
Kal Titar (black
partridges).
of
Lawd
(aspecies quail,said to be not a
GiljiLawd
(buttonquail).
Eater (thecommon
quail,which is a bird
Bater
(a quail).
Gdgar
Bdn
Titar
(peacock).
Safed Mor (whitepeacock,some
bird of
of
passage).
passage).
Mor
towards
(goldenploveror grouse).
Kulang (neverseen on ground. Caught
what Europeans call coolan*).
Bdtia (a water-fowl).
Kltarkara (abird of passage).
Bat
Bal
with
hawks.
664.
The
common
crane,
not
Kurddntli
3G
(curlew).
Kuchd.
Hariydl
(green
Tukdar
(bird
Chardj
pigeon).
of
(conies
Kurbdn
Laibrl
Tola
rains).
Barsalli.
or
Tola
passage).
in
(parrot).
Tuyan
(do.)
Bubbul.
Kanara.
(weaver
Baiya
Ulu
(owl,
Kochri
bird).
Rdt
called
(night
ka
Raja).
bird).
Maldri.
Kohil.
Papaya.
Siyam
Chiri.
Doban
Chiri.
Kanjan
(said
and
I
Banddni
Tintori
Fish
have
to
in
the
(said
feather
in
month
of
pick
to
bits
its
Sawan
of
head
it
which
is
itself
of
out
meat
renders
one
who
gets
it
invisible).
timer's
mouth
when
it
is
asleep).
(said
and
to
chirp
above
alligators
have
tiger
as
already
the
latter
been
sible,
invi-
moves
spoken
along).
of
under
"
Lakes."
(
lu
38
1857
between
the words
of the
latter.
Mind
respectiveclans
(Singal,Nai, Dulot, Pimdalot, Dingal, Balot);
name
of
and
Meo
State
Daria
of the
traction
con-
identical
are
and
in
story told
lady-love,Sisbadani
his
that
Meo,
Mini, seems
In Bolandshahr
caste
called Meo
Miuds
is
a
they formerly intermarried.
further to connect
spoken of in the Settlement
Report, which would seem
the two.
it
is
that
However,
probable enough
apostate Rajputs
of
and bastard sons
of Rajputs founded
the
clans, as the legends
many
one
and
Several
be
may
to show
tell.
The
Meos
are
the
(see Religion)are
several
Hindu
all Musalmans
now
same
those
as
festivals.
in
of Hindu
the Holi
Thus
name
but
their
Zamindars.
is with
Meos
villagedeities
They keep,too,
of
rough
Muharram, Id, and
Shabibardt ; and
ashtmi,Dasehra, and
they likewise observe the Janam
Diwdli.
prieststo write the pili ckitthi,
or
They often keep Brahmin
note fixingthe date of a marriage. They call themselves
by Hindu names,
"
"
with the exception of
Ram
and
is a frequentaffix,
Singh
though
;
play, and
is considered
important a
as
festival
"
not
so
common
"
as
as
season
the
"
Khdu."
and moon,
monthly conjunctionof the sun
Meos,
in common
from labour; and when
with Hindu
Ahirs, Gujars, "c., cease
"
is
Ckabutra"
first
make
the
to
to erect
a
a
they
proceeding
well,
"
"
Hanumdn"
be
to
when
was
plunder
obtained,
However,
Bairtiji"or
shrines and temples ; and
they have often shown little respect for Hindu
when the sanctityof a threatened
place has been urged, the retort has been
"
Turn to Deo, Ham
Meo!"
You may be a Deo
{God}, but I am a Meo!
Meos
know
As regards their own
the
are
religion,
very ignorant. Few
of which they entirely
Kalima, and fewer still the regular prayers, the seasons
i
n
Ulwur
to
territory; British,
neglect. This,however, only applies
On
the
the
Amdnas,
effect of the
duties.
or
schools
in
Indeed,
is to
Ulwur,
observances
religious
are
at
better
make
them
more
observant
places where
maintained, and some
certain
there
of
religious
are
know
mosques,
the
Kalima,
community.
On
their
marriage Rs.
200
is
thought
respectable
spend,that is to say, Rs. 130 on betrothal (" Sagai ") and
dower their daughtershandsomely, and
Rs. 70 on marriage. They sometimes
sometimes
have
sum
to
make
by them.
daughters to pay
sold their
money
Indeed, they
their debts.
often
tell
one
that
they
39
fee of about
The
the
Rs.
and
1-4
has become
ground
too
guards
Kazi,
receives
grave for
to disturb.
new
for animals
hard
the
performed by
is
also
villageFakir,* who
preceding a
who
of rice.
seers
rite of circumcision
formalities
the
days
some
till the
As
than
crops
when
the
men
the
indeed
men
often
one
Like
lying down.
are
finds
the
work
at
women
of
women
their
low
allowed
The
in
scruples
the
dhoti
The
or
men
never
of
twentieth
spoken
form
Hindu
them.
Rajputs
of the
be
have
to
the
Musalmans
they
bodies,a practicedisapprovedby
general. Meos are generallypoor and live badly ; they have no
about getting drunk
when
wear
opportunity offers. The men
and kamrij and not pdejamas. Their dress is, in fact,Hindu.
often wear
seldom
are
gold ornaments, but I believe the women
tattoo
castes
in
the mass,
are
State,chieflyin
"
the
About
army.
one-seventh
service of the
of the whole
mans.
Musal-
are
Hindu
Instances
of
be found
all
The
ready
rules
they
Rajpiitana,
Rajputs differ
over
to take
so
service
as
and
who, though
their Hindu
of Ulwnr.
out
from,
elsewhere.
of
from
They
to ally themselves
not
of Hariana
to the north
"
with
king-descendedRajputs tilling
Musalman
far
Rajputs are
hands
own
brethren
maintain
families
with
their
in
their
of their
could
being
old
marriage
clan
own
more
and
and
Rajputs
give their daughters to,Musalman
They are regardedas distinct from Khanzadas,
Rajput origin,have
intermarried
with
several Musalman
tribes.
Of
in
the old
Khanzadas,
the
historical
sketch.
condition
their
present
figures show, they
*
.
they
Fakirs
make
are
the
rulers of
are
of various
I will
Mewdt,
much
has
been
already said
add
something regarding
origin,though, as the
and they cannot
numerically insignificant,
races
and
their
they are
usually Mudarias,"or
Saiyad Masaud.
"
attendants
now
be
of.shrines
the
among
in their
and
giving
hold
"j"gir" or
have
emigrated
any
cities,but
In
of
glad
Dull
these
of
the
on
there
to
commands
the
honourable
an
have
Ulwur
fixed pay
British
in
know
other
of any
What
the
work
fields and
in the
settlements
Gangetic
Khanzada
clan
are
regiments.
The
Shahabad
supply thirty-
follow
the
chaudri.
of which
There
the prietors
proI do not
plough.*
of Mewat.
out
was
now
service.
women
Of
(see "Army").
many
regiment, is the leading
In
are
the
of their
traditions
receptionin Darbar.
commandantship, and
fort
Khass
in
original
the
fiftyare
are
their
Khanzadas
No
state.
to
the
about
of
seclusion
with
in the fields.
work
women
trade
now
service,and
state
the
as
taken
abandoned
not
monies.
marriage cereMeos, they, unlike
the Ulwur
and
connection
have
who
Khan,
entitled
and
man,
who
villagein
part
Hindu
other castes.
most
eastward
no
military
service
the
have
these
Those
country.
often
beside
rent-free
Some
let their
the
agriculturists,
disadvantage
do not
take
Brahmins
But
shrines.
they pay any respect to Hindu
marriage contracts, and they observe some
Though generallyas poor and ignorant
that
based
was
on
of information.
But the
histories,the most reliable sources
Khanzadas
produce family histories and genealogiesof their own, on which,
be placed ; for they do not bear the test
however, much
dependence cannot
of comparison with the Persian histories. According to these family traditions,
Adhan
one
Pal, fourth in descent from Taman
Pal, Jadii chief of
Persian
(see Karauli
Biana
Tijara and
still
north
and
Firozpur (Gurgaon),
to be
are
Gazetteer)established
in the
Thence
seen.
same
his
he
where
hills,
Lakhan
districts
under
their sway,
to have
The
that
belonged
term
Bahadar
death
of the
driven
are
at
His
of which
some
the hills
on
Durala,
Sarehta, a
to
and
sons
1484
towns
tombs
and
time
He
Kptala.
few
remains
the
in
separating
of which
considerable
became,
himself
it is said that
in
miles
to the
(see Sarehta);
of
held
the ruins
Firoz
all
Shah, a
Mewat, and
exist which
are
said
to them.
Khanzada
is
the
Nahar,
associated
there
its limits.
beyond
principalplaces,and
himself
spot called
was
Pal
grandson
Musalman, and established
even
at
himself
probably derived
first of the
with
latter,and, being
*
Shahabad
race
from
the turbulent
a
and
slaves
pervert, would
Marakpur
Khanazad,
mentioned
are
in the
of Firoz
for it appears
Persian
Shah
after the
contemptuously receive
the
principal
tories,
his-
the
of Khdnazdd
name
(slave)from
The
his brethren.
Khanzadas
themselves
in Ulwur
sub-tribe
is the
shown
are
Saraswat.
Found
Maithil.
Do.
The
most
Maharashtra.
Do.
Karnatik.
Do.
Found
of
the
five
Gors,
one
from
intermarry.
There
are
belong
The
Gor
Parik
the
to the
and
Dhardwars
Gor
of
name
most
of
division
the
numerous
most
the
together,but
eat
apart from
of these
sections
or
The
is the
the second
; and
five Darawars.
important
Sanawar,
The
North
of the
first four
The
fifty-ninegotrs
in Ulwur.
Adh
Narbadda
the
other.
The
six gotrs
which
Brahmins
regards eating
the
five Gors.
in Ulwur.
the
are
South,
as
The
Do.
first five
those
the
in Uiwur.
Gurja.
The
Brahmin
in Ulwur.
caste
numerous
None
Darawar.
the
in Ulwur.
None
Tailang.
of
in Ulwur.
Do.
UtkaL
of
(or
below.
Kankubjl.
Gor.
great divisions
The
Gor.
Jadu
ten
as
follows
GiijarGor
the
as
the most
"
in
gotr
numerous
not
great divisions,of
already mentioned
are
do
all.
Ulwur;
Chaurasia
the
;
the
Ddhima.
these
the
Sanawar
and
Adh
Gor
eat
and
"
"
"
watchmen.
The
former
are
See
excellent
Karauli
cultivators,and
Gazetteer, \\ 1.
are
good,
well-
42
behaved
"
"
conducted
class.
Statement
regarding Ulwur
Mind's
1.
Percentageof agriculturalMinas
2.
Of non-agricultural
3.
Percentage of apprehensions
to
.
of
"
total
the state
populationof
.
to
agricultural
total
5*2
.1*1
sions
apprehen14-0
.......
4. Percentageof
For
number
There
are
for
to total apprehensions
non-agricultural
of Minas
said
to
Dacoityby
be
convicted
32
clans
of criminal
of Minas.
offences,see
Out
of 59
"
Jail."
Minas
the
15 '2
hended
appre-
I found
that
Jarwal
and
Bagri
clan,and
each.
The
Susdmat
that which
held
43
I
was,
believe,formerly the
most
powerful
Amer.
are
Giijarsof Ulwur
not, as elsewhere,an unmanageable class.
in
to
some
anxiety
places be free from the oppression of
Rajput tyrants, who formerly exacted vexatious dues and
has made
curtailed their liberty,
them
The
good subjects of the State.
clans found are the Kasana, Chandija, Rawat, Chandela, Newar, Bhedi.
Jats here, as everywhere else,take the highest rank as agriculturists,
The
Their
or
share
it with
Kachis
alone.
The
clans
found
in Ulwur
"
Nais
weavers,
Sakkas
or
barbers,
Khdtis
or
carpenters.
carriers,
religiousdevotees of sorts,Dhobis
Jogis
or
or
washermen, Shekhs (respectableMusalmaus), Luhdrs
blacksmiths,
low
Musalman
Mirdsis
or
musicians, Telis or oilmen, range between
4000
and 10,000.
in high esteem
Rangrez or dyers, usually Musalman
; Saiyads, held
Chelas
(p. 71); Kandkeras, cotton
cleaners, usually Musalman;
or
or
household
water
slaves
"
or
each exceed
2000
in number.
than 1000:
Kahdrs
following there are more
(HindooPalki
camel
Manikdrs
man
(Hindoo
keepers),
(Hindoo and Musalbracelet makers), MujAivars (Musalman
shrine menials), Ddkots
(a
of
low
Brahmin
caste
beggar), Kunjras (Musalman greengrocers),
Bkatidras
sarai
inn caterers.
or
(Musalman
Of
the
"
bearers),Rebdris
Those
which
follow exceed
500
in number
Bharbhuryas(Hindoo grain
Baoris (a thievingand despised
roasters),Agaris (Hindoo salt extractors),
Nakibs
watchman
class),
(Musalman runners),Dkddkis
(a caste of popular
:
"
singers).
Other
Dhunsar
castes
less
numerous
are
Jodh
bargis (a
low
Hindoo
caste),
Kkdnis
44
BJidnds
(respectableRajput Musalmans), Lodhas (?),Palleddrs (porters),
and
C
hdrans
(Hindoo poets),Khajasarai
(Musalman actors),
Hijra (kinds
Gkosi
blanket
of eunuchs), Gadarias
makers),
(milk
sellers),
(Hindoo
Khatris
Kamnigars (painters,formerly bow makers), B"zigars (jugglers),
in
Patuas
workers
Thateras
(Hindoo
silk),
(Hindoo traders),
(brassof silver filings),
Badhiks
workers),Niydria (collectors
(bird catchers),
in order of numerical
Sisgars(glassworkers). The above are mentioned
feweach
The
last
under
are
importance.
twenty.
I have not attempted to distinguishbetween
mere
a
professionand a
proper, which eats and marries with
part the list is one of distinct castes.
caste
most
AND
CONDITION
There
are
wealthy.
Some
-r,
These
"
""
Rajgarh
trouble
and
last
-r"
Bas
of
taken
was
are
/.
found
-rr-
the
one
second
comfortable
of the first-class it
and
from
it,but
the
and
state
only
few
in
Kishengarh.
the
to
material
estimate
condition
the
class,the intermediate,and
was
for the
ascertain
to
of
PEOPLE.
in
not
agricultural
population,and
For
THE
no
rich.
The
OF
HABITS
outside
none
calculated
of the
proportions of
the
very
poor.
be four of the
fifteen to
about
50
per
cent,
do not
more
possess
than
one
head
of cattle.
and
"
at
the
usually meets
women
one
collect,
places a
*
villageshe
with
brass
in British
vessel
Kanchali,sina bandh,
on
choli
As
territory.
her head, and
(allthe same}.
he
what
he
approaches,
(
India, and
hogrl or
hockey, are
men.
young
is sometimes
is alluded
to in the lines
Nanika
wat
and
46
the
two
principal games
played by
They are chieflyplayed by moonlight. Ilogri
represented in frescoes on palace walls, and
regarding the turbulent founders of the Dasa-
the Shekawat
clans
"
IlajoShekho, rajsu
Parpe nahin ariyanj
Satu
seri
Ddsa
The
defrayed
w^k
^ne
viiiage
ex-
ways
from
trate
to
speak
from
an
Malbak
the
villagefunds, collected
as
they have been, illusvillagelife. In all villages I
of the accounts
of thirty from
or
little checked
the
extent
some
(i.e.,
unchecked),
hocky ball (orplays dacoitee).
open
strikes the
revenue,
"Maibah"or
you
contend
successfully
seven
Ddsa
expenses
dhariyan.
The
mokall,
khel
"
examination
"
one
"
cent,
due.
as
Interest
per
rupees
"
levied
by the
commencing
mensem,
This
seems
stimulant
harvest.
very
to
severe,
state
from
but
punctuality,and
on
arrears
of
at
revenue
the fourth
little interest
has
to
1^
revenue
per
was
interest acts
be
charged.
rule of
The
M.
charging interest
or
Political
was
interest
should
interest
is
"
of
cost
or
(rund),
This
with.
Three-fourths
summons
bearer
be
introduced
described
when
by
as
successful
un-
Captain Impey
council
due
arrears
direct
to
;
and
that
compound
"
of the
"
talabana
at
is
committee
The
court.
civil
to cut
or
revenue,
pay
before
criminal, and
paid daily until
is
sum
but
to
summonses
to appear
or
in revenue,
summons
pice.
of the
been
charged.
never
preserve
for each
to have
seems
one-fourth
exceed
never
Talabana,"
grass
arrears
Banni
R.
on
In
cases.
the
goes
annas
eous
miscellanis
summons
present
state
is 2
rate
to the
considering whether
complied
mazkuri, or
talabdna
the
the
might not be credited to the state, and fixed regular pay allowed
interested
in delaying the attainment
of
mazkuris, who would not then be
the object of the summons.
straint
Captain Impey and the council had caused orders to be issued in rethe limit of which
of village expenses,
fixed at a percentage
was
these
of the villagejamma.
With
modification
orders were
some
lately
has
directed
that
in
future
thus
it
been
malbah
shall
not
ceed
exre-afiirmed,
on
of
revenue
t"
15
."
percent,
the
on
jamma
or
revenue.
10
"
"
'
"
?"
"j
"
"
"5
"
;"
"
/"
"'
"
"
K
"
"
"
Major
directed
inquiry
minute
money-lenders
from
borrowed
follows
Cadell
J"
""''""''"-''
...
to
pay
in
jamma
tahsil
one
one
on
(Tijara)regarding amounts
The
harvest.
result
was
"
of 106 had
villages]out
had borrowed
13avillages
not
44
14
borrowed
at all.
BO
under
...
"
"
'
"
7
4
5
3
4
2
1
1
1
Total
borrowed
was
"
"
"
19,760
Interest
charged by money-lenders
Paid
realisingcrops
on
Balance
due
to
"
21,866
20,151
money-lenders
1,715
as
(
allowance
The
Lumbarbars
to
territory under
the
Katumbar
three
per
above
the
It
jamma,
and
is not
cent,
and
Lumbardars
malbah,
held
as
Lambardars
their
for
often
which
The
of
Dispensary
M.
heavily
one
Sheodan
on
levied
British
known
State
be
forwarded
The
of
and
and
the
malbah.
and
in
the
but
chaukidars
have,
them
the
service
when
the
as
think,
and
they
of
the
village, and
the
community,
for
cesses
dispenbut
jamma,
imposed
were
directlydue
the
to
in
on
necessaries
tahsil,in
one
supplied
were
which
their cost
that
their
with
the
many
ancestors
favour
the
the
elsewhere, held
and
their
goods,
certain
extent
and
repression
the
in
extent
to
generally employed,
villagesnot included in the
which
the
different
of
numerous
than
probably
in the
any
is due
time
sponsible
re-
not
are
of
expenses
to
This
Khanzadas.
doubt, regarded
is often
which
been
^na^
contribute
with
for
thus
these
village watchmen
or
territoryseek
acquired by
met
their
as
Treasury.
Ulwur,
w[i\ J-JQgeen
come
about
tahsils,and
ordinary liabilities
Musalmans,
well
as
of
not
are
pots
Ulwur
protection of travellers
Ulwur
service.
that
per cent,
addition
to the
These
moving
ordered
of grass preserves,
the
following list shows
Foreign
ordered
one
and
ago,
earthen
In
cutting
The
no
State, in
villages,except
in
audited
revenue
schools, and
years
sufficien
in-
to be
veto.
the
all the
to
for
all the
land
or
good
members
the
recently
villagersare
crime,
jamma.
State.
has
extended
the
in
kabtib.
the
the
council
malbah,
and
over
Lumbardars,
recently
and
officer.
as
by
payment
defrayed by
The
for
many
fodder, wood,
without
for
of
of
two
of the
out
expenditure,
on
poorest
vote
states officials,
when
In all native
paid
the
by
included
Singh
of any
influence
from
check
the
cent,
per
jg not
R.
put
effectual
no
saries,is
and
school.
cent,
per
this
collection
the
consequence
than
glorification
have
cesses
to
own
falls
although they
two
in
is
But
the
above
to
out
more
to receive
from
has
council
the
are
allowance
was
malbah,"
"
the
only.
two
part
British
per cent
in the Tahsils
three, and
demand, but
jamma, or Government
of
the
responsibilities
felt,considering
was
by
most
from
paid
usually
is
the
in
villages,which
pachotara is five
of'
name
Ulwur
for
Bansur
of
heads
or
the
in
43
of
the
castes, the
and
habit
Musalman
the
castes
its limits.
the
other,
to
with
as
that
of
of
It
put
Rajafter
foreign
supremacy,
perverts, were,
253
There
not
of
are
the
said
military
to
be
about
profession,
200
in
260
Uiwur
service
artisans,
in
British
munshis,
territory.
and
others,
3-
"r
jj
M'
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CO
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NonCulti
CHAPTER
III.
RELIGION.
Kuldevi
THE
family
or
of
Hindu
of
deity
Raiputand,
Narukas,
the
the
is
the
Rai,
are
said
with
Ram,
however,
paid
by
Narukas
and
and
whose
Sita,
Khrishn's
the
half
of
followers
in
Devi
is
there
doubt,
not
it
as
Baktawar
Sagar,
class.
is
Vdmis.
perhaps
so
the
practise
all
the
of
to
in
is
As
near,
so
Baldeo.
"
Jai
or
the
regards
whom
person
Vishnu
Ulwur
and
Baldeojf !"
Jai
from
descent
class
salutation.
the
respect
both
upper
"
sulted
con-
one-fourth
sects,
old
no
Shiv
It
am
the
Ulwur
Wilson's
abominations
the
"
the
of
The
Shiv
called
account
Sects."
of
or
Shakta
called
The
which
the
Kunda
Vamis
no
priests,
where
on
Baktawar
Shakta
divisions
Nil
though,
Bakteswar
Raja
the
is
"
Khushalgarh,
respectable
all
date,
called
Swamisx
near
very
modern
place
maintained,
of
devotees
are
of
still
disreputable
Vamis
Hindoo
on
Maharao
that, of
as
of
temples
at
temple
the
the
minority,
great
place
reputation.
afraid
in
temple
is
affected
included
are
though
Naldai,
division
worst
Kuras
of
are
himself,
have
at
prosperous
The
forms,
There
themselves
but
Dakshina;
called
none
all
claim
army,
and
of
(see Nilkanth).
was
"
state
most
birthplace, Mathura,
whom
valley.
Bansiir,
Singh
Banni
and
in
go
whom
they
well-informed
amongst
her
manifested
Shiv
son,
contending
when
to
the
repute.
be
to
his
both.
Tahla
once
in
Narainpur
Mahadeo
to
the
since
forms
interesting
very
above
Kanth,"
of
high
intelligent,
all
important
but
in
Hindus
Shiv,
of
deities
family
ruling
tar
Dhola
that
subsequently
Chief
not
performed.
with
his
as
commonest
the
one-fourth
and
The
is
an
mass,
estimated
Shiv,
the
are
of
religion
the
brother
elder
Ragundthji!"
are
here
was
Ulwur
the
carried
too,
by
the
Kachwahas,
Khrishn,
It
Mahadevi
tonsure
naturally
are
other
reverenced
much
is also
from
of
sons
of
images
Sri
Jaipur.
in
The
territory,
and
State,
aid
ceremony
and
and
Sri
the
Sita
Ram
Jaipur
Jaipur
in
territory.
miraculous
Bargujars.
have
to
Ulwur
present
received
and
temple
the
riiver
Banganga
of
corner
of
have
to
Minas
this
is
south-east
founder
the
is in
temple
'
the
or
gorge
Kachwahas
the
the
of
whose
'
deitiea.
from
also
as
Mahadevi,
Jamwahi
the
Singh
persuasion
of
sect
Hinduism,
known
Kunda
Pant/i,
Panth
are
as
is said
infamous.
(
behind
At
the hills
over
years at Dhaolf Dhiib, and used to wander
which
he got his living.
into the fort in search of sticks,by selling
lived many
Das
Lai
Ulwur, and
lengthhe began
to work
Musalman
unworldliness,enjoined him
piety and
After
the
this Lai
Das
"
Ramgarh
others."
hottest
weather;
collected
of all
and
to
they
had
laid
he
his
Lai
was.
he knew
Das
having caused
off.
followed
Lai
and
wife;
repliedthat the
with
Das,
both
by
then
the
another
On
party
the well
them
became
occasion
Lai
of
in the
this Ldl
Das
he
followers,was
true
of
Bahadarpur
and
Musalmans,
foolish
Meo's
one
what
"
house.
The
asked
he
was
Faujdar
water
sweet,
Das
his
and
question
price of
good
miraculous
For
that
in
Disciples
him
Faujdar
Hindus
was
the
as
Faujdar gave
that
was
the
sick.
from
prayed
Musalman
The
Ulwur,
the
might be
a
Mughal official began,and
the death
of a Mughal who
in
not, but he got his garment, the flesh,
of which
well."
Das
miles
being
nothing, and
result
roan's
Das
standing
austerities
the
assembly.
an
gift. Lai
his
cured
of
and
support
through great
before
and
Musalmans.
and
north-east
own
oilman, received
an
him
Hindus
miles
his
persecution from
Lai
few
Bahadarpur, a
demanded
pay
arose
another
on
expressed surpriseat
in truth
from
for
tiger,and
adulteress
an
expose
one,
eventuallyresumed
It
hands
carried to
what
castes,and
Lai
both
went
and
snake
of
him
hill,and
from
laboured
he
"
teach
to
Bandoll, sixteen
at
top of
safe
he used
reproved him,
relieved
the
on
was
him
round
which
power,
lived
There
pargana."
lived
He
and
went
with
conversed
Musalman
Tijara,found
of
Chishti Gadan,
saint,one
The
An
miracles.
54
and
known
was
afterwards
as
"
the
assaulted
protectionangels,who
fourteen
slew
was
of them
; but
his
"
"
subjectto
birth
him
on
and
hope
in God
where
Lai
(" Kutb
on
death.
Lai
Lai
Das's
Das
announcement
was
had
would
in
foretold
gone,
succeed
with
one
born
to
Das's
of the
Kutb."
born, and
Naroli
she too
Lai
is uninhabited
Khan
the birth
who
work
; it
was
of
of
months
said,
hamlet
hurry
I have
of
or
Lai
anxiety.
Karmala
to be
was
after God
"
Das
no
received
his
the
faith, a
grief,for God-
spoke
second
(Sain ko
of
all had
(?Harmandir),
a polarstar
mosque
felt
ings
bless-
"
These
after,to try
Das
faith in God
Munpur
births.
many
few
Khan.
son, who
directly. Lai
died
manifested
Lai Das
A voice in
to him
miracle-worker
Ghaus
and
Deo.
word, "Bhala!"
him,
Das
died.
other
no
in the
son,
brothers, Sher
(Harji)alone,and
"),and
daughter
and
to
him
again
daughter was
meri
biswas).
Rdnigarh, Ulwur.
55
born.
The child lived but
lengtha boy, after eighteen months' pregnancy, was
for not showing him
his
eighteendays, but he spoke and reproached his mother
Lai Das was
father.
sent for,and spoke to him, whereupon the child died
satisfied.
washed
and dressed
the corpse, and
his sister Sarupa besought her
A faithful Sadh
him
father
to commemorate
taken towards
by a miracle. The child's body was
Bandoli
t
he
infant
had
been
(where,apparently,
daughters
interred).A deep stream
in the way ; but, as Sarupa walked
was
forward, a dry path appeared, and the little
carried to Bdndoli,where
which has stilla great
a Dargdh was
established,
corpse was
At
reputation.
It
Musalman,
as
pray
Hindus
received
the
hands, and
that
it
the
another
of
his
cuts
own
that
twelve
ride
to
did
that
he
Lai
Das,
for
sent
with
had
Musalmans
Das
not
taught
who
who
disciples,
became
in
his
Das
to
quiet
compelled Ldl
killed,and
he
kindly.
who
was
replied, Love
"
be
shown
then took
Das
and
how
God.
followers
to
God
is
and
then
the
Sahib
Hukm,
the
necromancers
could
the
hakim,
had
beloved
(jadugirs)could
the evil
exorcise
not
do
spirit.
one
and
by
jiothingto
mother
Her
such
in
was
from
separate
all.
kills
Whoever
castingthe
derer
mur-
the
judgment-seat,where
of that day."
turned
meat
was
who
saying
meat,
as
go.
God's
confined under
daughter
ate
and
the fear
on
and
before
in mind
him
offered
they come
escape
hand,
were
he
is avenged
good keep
into his
the food
his twelve
But
Musalman
Turk, by which
justice. The
will do
Das
Mulvls
Lai
and
me
Lai
go ;
Das
Hindu
Let
hell.
without
and
prophet,but
them
he
Ldl
them
one
treated
Lai
path for
himself
but
of the
food, and
God.
one
into
God
which
horse
the
on
"hakim"
accompanied
which
Musalman
was
is
The
to life.
path
There
call
doctrine.
same
vicious
Tijdra "hakim"
The
Governor
Mughal
kindly, and
A
him.
fawn
came
carry,
the
messengers
leave
to
Hukm,
performablutions,nor
nor
Musalmans
and
refused
Sahib
reportedto
was
fine rice.
to
tormented
was
relieve
her;
appealed to
by
and
Lai
witch,
and
Kazis
Das,
and
he
"
who
demon
immediately began to kiss his feet ; and the
(jin)
girl,
and
declared
his
Das
Lai
submission.
before
appeared
having
girl,
In Maujpur (Lachmangarh pargana) was
a
holy man, Mansukha
by name, and
and
love
in alms.
God
true
who
loved
with
Malli
a
(sachhi
prit),
a
by caste,
gave much
no
He believed in Lai D"s, but his wife disparagedhim because he worked
miracles,
said Lai Das
he could not avoid being carried off to Tijdra. Mausukha
and because
On his going shortlyafter to pay his respects,Lai Das
knew
the thoughtsof men.
Mansukha
of his unbelievingwife.
received him badly on account
was
fully
going sorrowhim
and
back
comforted him,
Ldl Das, however, forgavehim, and called
away.
the
to
went
"
left the
just as
Agra merchant
An
thing,
some
showed
goods were
emotion.
he had
as
offering,
A Kayath
or
some
the
saved.
The
Lai
goods were
of
Das
heard
saved.
wealth
made
and
life
shipwrecked merchant, he
of
a
the prayer
on
of
corrected.
Some
said
to
give it to Vishnu
was
high position,
to
to
him.
him
at
one
him, promisinghim
the distant merchant,
burden
went
she has
for advice.
disease,which
child whom
asked
He
Lai
remembered
Agra, of great
of
foul skin
goodness to
no
he
need
consoles
and
arms
shipwrecked.
was
another ; but
tithe if his
and
into her
takes
mother
afflicted
Hearing
thank-
Sadhs.
of
by leprosy
Lai
Das's
Lai Daa'a
chief
abandon
was
to
and
on
other
who
prevents
Das
of
burial alive
the
same
type
700
with
Das
in the
related
of
1884,
s.
others out
with
met
Thakuria
one
acceptance
it,and
Thakuria
authority.
Das,
NagaCharan
should
Mewat
Singh.
wished
virtues,
of
feeds
having
Lai
of
account
followers.
being unworthy
as
are
predictsthe famine
off his
and
death, Lai
honour
or
his
to him
the necessary
the
declined
of
the sun,
comes
himselfand fed
with
God
who
Kachw.lchas
his
maintained
of
having carried
belong to the
Before
miracles
eclipseof
an
Mathura,
Meos
token
gold.
as
pure
Various
The
In
world.
the
became
by
56
Chapra, who
of V.
labour,and
successor
Lai Das
gave
him
blessed
was
; but
Thakuria
the choice of
of
the age
buried
was
a
fine shrine.
Lai
Das's
Like
sayings have
a
popular
religiousbooks of
been
from
extracts
all
simple and
familiar.
but very
preserved by
collection
the
kind,
It treats
the
called
in
his
followers,and
bdni
or
successive
chapters
few
subjoin.
language is
eight subjects,
gutka
it is in verse, and
the
of
is flowingand
tation
verse
briefly
;
regular. Followingeach exhori
n
which
an
hymns (bhajari)
irregular metre,
embody the
much
the greater
teaching, and are adapted for singing. They occupy
Musalman
portion of the bdni.
Kariina," are used, but
terms, such as
are
"
allusions
Sdkhis
to
are
Hindu
mixed
(bhagat),and
exhortation,which
The
book
mythology
opens
with
up
the words
is
with
of Kabir's
unfrequent. Some
the bhajans. The
first heading is worship
of the true
Guru
(Sabad). It is a general
repeated in
a
not
are
more
condemnation
detail in
of
the
begging ;
this
the
followingextracts
"
"
will show:
subsequent chapters.
the emphasis laid
interestingfeature in
missionaryof industry,
and
"
LaljiBhagat bhlkh
na
manghe,
Mangat awe sharm
Ghar ghar haudat
dokh hai
Kya Badshah kya Hurm."
Saith
"
if you
wealthy.)
(
The
the
second
chapteris
strain
same
57
the
on
)
saint
true
(Sadh),and
it too opens
in
"
LaljfSadhu
"
Dhan
aisa
Har
Hirde
Saith
jai."
na
should
Sadh
The
Laljf,
Who
kbaf
kf chdkrf
Pargharkabhu
"
chahiye
kaim'ikar
be
one
earns
(That is,these
The
Sadh
should
should
be candid
and
return
bold in
aisa
ka
phirjure
jaf."
Let there be
should
on
be
with
(man)
The
force,and
one
or
only interrupted,
delusion."
no
pat rake);
men
the
chapter is
which
spirit
"
on
back.
These
points are
dwelt
burden
of the
third
chapter,on
mind
Hak
In baton
faroh
Sahib
khushi
Saith
But few
He
who
he
to turn
its restraint.
fourth
(kak),and
the
are
be
passions(Pdnckon
resolute not
persistent,
much
and
his
over
baja f
speaksout plainly
;
be
broken
friendship
Who
lord
lie
dhokha
should
Sadh
The
Whether
be
kare).
chahiye
rahe
ke
Man
should
"
Ki tute
He
great duties.)
evil
good for
speech
Chaure
"
begging."
the two
are
Sadhu
"
about
go not
is your
own,
observe them."
for
this injunction,
begs disregards
"
what
Laljfghar karo
hamari
Suno
Dozak
we
Gharbari
hi
to
he lives
on
others.
hal karo
sfkh
jaenge
mange
bhfkh
hai,
Kya mangte ka man
khai
tukra
!
Mange
Kutta jun handat phire,
Janain akarath jai."
H
(
"
Saith
58
If you keep
Laljf,
Listen to my teaching
They will go to hell will
"
What
Who
loses all
Das
rejectcounsel,and
and
which
rather
beg.
beggar?
wanders
His
Lai
has
honour
One
who
householders
Those
the
patience with
with
shocks
which
bitterness
mild
Hindu,
Bahte
ko
and
mean
insincere
when
he says
they
spirit,
"
bahjando,
pakrao thor,
Samjhaya samjhe nahin,
"
Mat
De
"
Let the
Give
When
true
fifth
Sadh.
The
sixth
is
the
on
true
Siira tabhi
"
Lare
Purja
To
Think
"
Who
Who
But
The
and
seventh
devotion
are
is
the
on
dwelt
on,
"
two."
or
(sil),the
hero, who
crouches
(sobka)of
ornament
fights and
and
wins
the
in the
regrets
"
jauiye,
dhani
ke
ho
pnrjd,
het,
pare,
chhore
na
listen,
not
push
the coward
where
battlefield,
spiritual
aur.
he would
give him
is "calmness"
heading
"
do
drift away
man
drifting
him nothingto grasp ;
warned
Now
The
dhaka
khet."
him
true
teacher
and
who
So dhan
(Satgur),whose
acts
Lalan
on
vigour, courage,
"
sanchro,
So age ko hoi,
Kandha
pichheganthri,
Jat
"
Lay
up, says
Which
With
na
Never
dekha
Lai,that
hereafter
bundle
was
koi."
on
man
treasure
avail ;
may
his shoulder
seen
to
The ninth
and
its evil.
on
eighth is on greed (lobh,IdlacJi)
b
ut
of
the
other
asceticism
advantages
(bairdg),
prdndydm, practisedby
dwelt
and
not
on
are
(seep. 62, note),
apparentlywas not enjoined
sects,
The
by
Lai
Das.
(
Lai
Sadhs,like
Lai
59
and
is not
The
meal
Dasi
Das
common.
day
before
each
those
full moon,
is made
and
in the
Sunday,
every
are
kept as
fasts.
it is
evening,when
a duty to light
a
days
the
lamp
burning during
keep
night.
The
Lai Dasis are
chieflyMeos, Baniyas, and Kalals,and are most
in the eastern
in Bhartnumerous
portion of the State. There are many
and
further
whence
Las Das
the
to
some
they come
pilgrimages
east,
pur,
shrines
in Ulwur.
In Firozpur,of the Gurgaom
district,there are
"
khatis
and
Agarwala Baniyas who follow Lai Das.
(carpenters)
There are two very small Lai Das makdns, or placesof worship, in Ulwur
city, and at the shrines at Sherpur and Bandoli in Ramgarh, Dhaoli
Dhiib in Ulwur, and Nagla, a Bhartpur village close to Sherpur. Fairs
At Sherpur, on
held at those places three times a year.
are
Asoj 11
(fullmoon) about July,and on Magh punam
(October),on Asarh punam
about November
Bandoli
two
days later,and at Dhaoli Dhub, two
; at
The Sherpur fair is attended by 10,000 or
days later than at Bandoli.
the
others
1000
or
2000; and amongst the visitors are often
by
12,000
on
and
it
"
merchants
of wealth.
I have
ventured
to dwell
followers,because
of which
territory
Moreover,so
far
he
at
considerable
length
Lai Das
on
within
to Ulwur,
belongs peculiarly
and
where his shrines
taught,
of
know, there is no printedmention
he lived and
as
and
the
are
Lai
his
present
situated.
Das
and
his sect.
Charan
Charan
Dasis
Das
was
be disposed of more
may
born at Dehra, near
Ulwur,7 in
summarily,
1760
s.
seem
very young,
have
returned
to
to
was
taken
to
Dehli, and
place,or
Wilson, in his
to
his native
neighbourhood. Besides,Professor
"
although
(A.D.
v
for
Charan
Dasis.
does
have
Hindoo
taught
in
its
Sects,"gives
(
information
some
Charan
Das
he
was
regardingthem,
of the Dhusar
was
good
caste, and,
he died in
authoritysays
same
I need
which
in addition
musician
GO
at
repeat
length.
account,
to his other
accomplishments.
(A.D.1782).
1839
s.
not
The
the
There
is
temple at Bahadarpur,where
one
and
village,
other
in honour
is at
Another
Dehra,
naval-string,and
The
there
and
are
in different
Gutka
small
is
rosary
monument
are
kept
over
at
Charan
Das's
Dehra.
Sanscrit learning
breviary exhibits more
than
of the other
those
sects, and, instead of passing allusions to
details
into
mythology, goes
regarding Sri Khrishn's
family, and merely
orthodox
Sanscrit
there
t
he
Thus
is a chapter on
teaching.
popularises
of the Upanishad and another from the Bhagwat Puran.
Its styleis
one
and
less involved
than other books of the
full,expressive,
perhaps more
class.
The
Sadhs
hold to the vernacular,and some
said to
time ago are
have resented an attempt of a learned Charan
Dasi to substitute Sanscrit
for
In
the vulgar tongue.
verse
this,as remarked
above, is their main
distinction from
the Sampradiyas, which
Gutka
Sanscrit.
The
prefer
contains the Sandeha
Jahdz
mentioned
Sdgar and Dharma
by Dr. Wilson.
One rather strikingchapter,professedlytaken from
Sanscrit work,
some
should be called Nas Khetr's
Inferno."
Nas Khetr
is permitted to visit
of sinners,which are described in detail,
the hells and to see the torments
and the sins of each class specified.It is,in fact,an amplification
of the
Puranic
of " Nark," adapted to impress the minds
of the vulgar.
account
Nas Khetr
is then taken to see heaven, and subsequently
returns
to earth
The
Das
possesses a
fair is held at Bahadarpur,
his ancestor.
and
where
his garments
remainder
Charan
the others.
Das
the establishment
or
"
to narrate
Both
"
Kabir
what
Lai
Panthia.
he has
Das
Charan
to, Kabir.
ments
and
and
witnessed.
in
Das
There
the
quote freelyfrom,
are
city,and
the
two
Kabir
members
lower
Panthi
of the
allude
respectfully
monastic
establish-
or
sect
are
found
in
the
villagesamongst
place to insert something like an
extracts
from, the Kabir Panthi
Gutka," more
particularlyas he was
the greatest,and, after Ramanand,
the earliest,
of the great dissenting
towns
out
of
"
orders.
62
deceit,impurity,and stupidity.
Restrain the five tats and the twenty-fiveprikats*
Force back the mind
and the breath (man pawari).^
bhekh ki paksli). God
Seek not worldly or sectarian aid (jctgataru
seek the help of Truth
(Ram) is unaided (nirpaksh)
; be thou so too, or
avarice
abandon
(Mm, krodk, mad/t,loWi)\
lust,anger, pride,
alone,and
combine
knowledge (gyari)with freedom from passion (bair"g). What
good is the former without the latter ? Man is incomplete without the
"
Be kind, be kind, be kind."
Be
woman.
Cling to truth and mercy.
the gong
satisfied with formal
not
worship at the fixed times when
ever
beats, but be worshipping night and day where an unseen
gong
there is neither Ved
like thunder, where
Koran
calls with a sound
nor
rests in the sky depths,and where
where
the pure Essence
(bed kited),
in
the Sadh
thought dwells.
Avoid
is full of
world, which
the
divine
uradJi);
rests
in the
dwells
is
brave
breath
he
of God
ocean
soldier
man,
and
in his emotions
in,and
(this is
alone
can
is drunk
with
dwelt
at
upon
earth (aradh
(stirwdri).He
it
tastes
the sword
of
grasps
he conquers
battlefield,
lust,
This is no
coward's work, a
drinks
and
Sadh
The
each
He
love.
great length). He
aru
With
elements
of nature
"
sphere,
earth,air,fire,
water, atmoas
manifested
in the natural
movements.
t This
reference
philosophyaud
to
Purdnas
the
to enable
one
ago
subjectfrom
the
"
of these dreams
placing themselves in conditions favourable to reverie ; and the course
is
determined
individual's
the
into
essentially
by
prepossessions,
play by suggestions
brought
conveyed
from
of the gaze
for
in 1851
than
power
was
of
without.
certain
borg,to
the
showed
is
many
who
do
not
spontaneouslyfall
to induce
quitesufficient
proportion of
such
it ; and
the
into this
mesmeric
susceptibleindividuals
to
state,fixity
mania
be
of Edinburgh
much
larger
accounts
for the popular belief in the
previouslysupposed." This sufficiently
prdndydm, but the patienceand exercise of the will,which it demands, no
In
minutes
some
form
wit.
it
of it
beneficial moral
seems
to
have
been
which
effect,
practisedby
strengthens
some
the
Christian
"
Swedeu-
(
"
The
Sadh's
suffers but
and
day
work
night;
than
the warrior
moment,
is harder
if he loosens
for
short
for
earthlywarrior's,
an
time, but
the
Sadh
"
Satis,or
only
03
ka
Sati
Sur
Sadh
heaven
the
to
Sati
struggle
must
earth."
aru
ki chal
sur
age
gham-sarnhai
palak do char ka
Sati gham-sam pal ek lage
Sadh sangram
hai ren
din jhujhna
Deh
pariyant ka
Kahe
Kabir
To
He
His
like
must,
be
must
The
ulat
tuk
man
kam
jamin
su
gagan
Bartri,abandon
bhai
dill kare
bag
all
aL"
and pleasures.*
worldly possessions
complete devotion.
way
He
is narrow,
the
is swallowed
thick
pass
in the
up
in
forest,
mud
of
it the
discipleis
action,he
sinks
tangled.
en-
into the
depths of hell
(nick narak).
the Guru
if,though listeningto him, you keep
be destroyed by the
poison of sensuality; acts cannot
Blame
not
the
of
knowledge ;
whatsoever
seed
the
man
the
sows,
ing
drinkbullet
fruit of it shall
he eat.
"
The
evil is
He
himself
He
immerses
He
frees himself
Saith
He
In
the
from
awake
it and
is all
of
dwells
man's
bringshimself
to
ruin.
poison ;
the
on
holy name.
work.
own
himself.
may
If the
shore ; he himself
to
Kabir, this
must
Rain
bringshimself
arrow
woman
life.
loks
three
There
is
one
"
clay and
enchantress
vessels,one
many
is manifested
in all.
The
How
will
he
(clozak).Let
the
so
Musalman
pure
shall he reach
The
second
The
Guru
Mian
the
talks of
Merciful
any is on
Gurdeo
or
for he shows
the way
the
and
one
Gurii
should
Paradise.
(or spiritual
guide).
be
to Govind
saluted
;
he
Govind
before
lightsthe
Sadh's
or
God
torch
self,
him-
with
an
light.
inextinguishable
*
Sadh.
Family
life is
spoken
of with
the utmost
contempt,
as
true
He
who
He
into hell.
God's
The
From
Gurii
the
anger
Guru's
the
of love
clouds
as
will be born
is greater than
ocean
the
Guru
the
regards
God,
have
mere
time
dog
there
is
for
God's
is
man
after
who
one
time.
from
refuge;
as
takes
the
will
fall
He
the Guru's
none.
works
the wrong
side of
are
on
to the opposite shore.
By his favour
passed
suffuse
and
the
whole
man.
The
third
is
ang
the
on
Jatti
(or
one
who
passions).
Be a helper of others,desireless,yielding not
six vices,looking on
the same,
as
pain and ease
drink,
firm
has
to
his
conquered
resistingthe
anger,
regardless of
food
and
and
He
who
does
one,
and
remain
The
fourth
Be
full of
true
is
the Sati
on
steady,
shall
so
is not
Knowledge
has
one
Seek
parpMlaf).
will be
such
out
at his feet.
ang
piety, wakeful
and
thus
for
regard
truthful
and
one).
persistency;
flag of
be
love
pride, it
others
for them.
The
Let
Control
it,and
But
in
learn
may
others,and
robbed
(updes).
of thee.
path,
by
world, the mind uninstructed,thou
of births ; then
in the eighty-four lakhs
thou
mayst teach
thyself fall in the dust,talkinglike a pundit,but unimpressed
involved
art
the world
false
exhortation
the
within.
sixth
The
ang is
not where
Follow
back
"
as
force it
mind
would
No
one
lead
thee, restrain
carried
by
away
reach
is narrow,
furtive
and
the mind
restrain it and
the five passions.
back,
all combined
in
the shore
Aided
by
You
who
repented ?
eat
The
against
frail
boat
attention
fix your
and
road
true
enemies
you
thy
it and
mind
bring
can
it
become
Sadh."
The
"
Man
the thread.
weaver
on
were
If you
on
One
the
as
soul
paper
alone.
on
stream
calm, content,
"
They
With
mercy,
fickle
punish it,
are
five
them,
how
like the
powerful
can
Ganges
you
?
truth
long-suffering,
alone.
rich fruit ?
mind
is
as
deer
which
wanders
into others
fields.
It takes
all
it is
shapes ;
king and
fat,it
pauper
leau, it
is
sometimes
is
water, it
it mounts
is
to
fire,generous
heaveu, sometimes
to
pleaseits
and
covetous,
sinks
down
to hell.
mind
The
is full of vice
forgetful.It is
it seeks
wild
taste ; it is
and
careless,
it is
elephant wandering deep
doubly, triply,
quadruply bound by the chain of love.
If the mind
is conquered all is conquered.
It is a thief; it steals all
wealth ; it watches, it evades
It feignshonesty ; it leads away
the
me.
is
off
it
is
rider.
It
horse
as
a
a
body;
carrying
covetous, lazy,trifling.
Like charcoal,the more
wash
it
the
blacker
it
is.
After days of talk
you
the mind
remains
uufreed, it takes no heed, it is still as on the first day.
Consult
so
mind
under
soap.
The
is
surrounded
Useless
it.
by
as
Fly
Krodh
like
the
to
when
the devotee,he
spirit(dlri),
Abuse
three
its contentions
the
dirt
to
(Itkatpat)
cease,
the
out.
comes
world
neighbourhood
cool
stolen
alone
is
of
wooden
Sadhs
and
clever contrivances.
are
house
escape.
The poor
escapes.
smoke.
the
thou
it approves,
(or anger).
is the
and
what
washing-stone,endless
hoards
misers'
Sadb,
mushriff},accept
make
washerman,
ang is on
all sides
on
(man
soul.
the
on
seventh
Anger
in
conscience
your
the
place
far, unless
Restrain
these
(or long-suffering).
eighth ang is on Kskma
Practise
can
injure thee.
long-sufferingand kill anger, then none
he
bore
for
kick
Was
Vishnu
the worse
so
Bhrigu's
(which
patiently)?
of time ; where
troubles
the
Where
exists
there
are
long-suffering
anger
The
is,there
The
is the Lord
ninth
Keep
red exterior
off when
with
tenth
Consider
those
Hypocrisy
than
the
murderous
three
or
he
face is
bear
bend
four
of
"
the
caste,
even
field
in it and
cleverness,but
and
Sadh
though
he
as
panther, the
he
runs
the
thief,
mischievous).
the lowest
its
thoughts
is there in
rosaries
with
The
sown
game-killer bend
the
much
good
evil
sin.
of seed be
the merit
indeed
doth
have
who
worldling. What
heart, though
Thus
worship ?
These
has
bud,
friendships;
many
Avoid
friendship on the
yield nothing, though mounds
the deer.
(allthree
not
blows.
his
in
bend
murder
The
are
in
Seek
with
of rain fall.
deceit
humbly
wind
backbite
hypocrite is worse
the
bow
adverse
to
heart.
white
hypocrisy will
torrents
to
and
an
of others
of
himself.
beneath
wine-drinkers.
Flesh
with
and
them
they
fish eaters,
i
well
as
those
flesh and
eat
who
love
drink
chumar's
wine.
and
then
touch,
dragged by the hair.
kills shall be killed.
Though he
and
sacrifice
he
himself
though
go
they
shall be
When
the
was
Kazi
place to
in
their
in
bestow
authorised
by
his heart
sore
pot.
it
Merciful
to
court
not, he who
or
thousands
gifts
avoid
God's
Benares,
the
in, they
To
he believes
Whether
at
eat
is
of
cows,
sure.
destroy
tokens
of
Himself?
"
The
cannot
Kazi's
approve
is dead
son
; is not
That
Lord
of all ; He
is Father
slaughter."
Kabir
"
Kazi
Urmen
Wa
"
The
sail
pir
sab
ka
na
But
says
Kahe
any
is
khun
"Saith
Binti
on
Kabir,
Guide,
Give
instructors."
baron
tumari
kiya
gardan
updes diya
"
(or prayer).
I pray
full of
with
folded
I pray,
hands,
kindness, hear
the
to
peace
it
sujhe ahmak,
na
Jin tumko
eleventh
deed,
own
did
thy neck,
on
hamare
to
his
thine
were
Apna kiya
Yih
it not
is
"
bir
ancestors
my
this blood
Whoever
mu
pit*
mane
fool thinks
He
"
ka beta
Sahib
Bhala
The
me
holy,
Kabir
binwat
Sun
Gur
Santon
hun
kar
jorke
kirpa nidhdn
sukh
men
dijiye
Ddya gharibigyan."
Thee
Thine
Lord,
?
with
I have
pray
of death
"
(Jdm), who
own
what
done
evil in
who
feel
seek
shame.
Thy sight."
"
Sain
Laj
Tuj
mukh
kya
awat
dekliai
Kaisa
le binti karun
hai mohi
augun
bhaiin
kiya
tohi."
Thy
oppresses
slaves.
Thy refuge.
How
can
be
pleasingto
(
I
"
evil,I
am
then
Even
evil,and Thou,
am
I forsake
though
mujh
Kabir
"
Tujh
gun
Tu
not ; for
me
art
good.
Thou
augun
tujh gun,
augun
mujh
mujh."
of thousands
though tens
forsake me."
tujh kun,
bisre
mat
Thou
Thee, do not
bisrun
Jo main
Forsake
G7
be met
with, Thou
art
more
servants
than
me
loving.
from
not
greatlysinned,and I cease
sinning. Thou canst spare me or
kind to the meek, forgivemy
(bdpfi),
destroy me ; but, O Father
transgressions.
Though a son be undutiful, yet a father (pita)feels shame for him."
I have
"
"
Kabir
banda
kiya
har
man!
na
Bhawe
bahu
kiya to
augun
Kart
bakshiye
gardan mar.
Kabir augun
bapji
mere,
Bakas gharlbnawaj
Bhawe
Jo
men
pitako laj."
Tohi
is full of
God
"
good
evil,but if I search
from
free
and
my
evil."
"
Kabir
Augun
Je
dil
khojun apna
mujh
To sab augun
I
"
false ; God
am
I have
birth,vicious
my
I escape
to
"
the
refugeof
Kabir
main
Turn
Data
Sain
"
name.
Other
Hear
arm
love
me,
lest thou
is like
from
top
bhara
dukh
saran
Kabir
aur
Tuin
Mohi
the Giver,
ka
banjna
in this
is like
prltto kup
ho samad
tek
art
ubar."
sea.
0 merciful 1"
"
Thou
bikar
be swept away
well,but Thine
to toe.
God."
apradhljanam
Nakb, sakh
Seize His
mahl"
is true.
gun
koi nahin
tujh nam
hai
saman
ki
Suniyo kirpanidlian."
ocean.
To
me
is the support of
Thy
(
A
God
ago my
Destroy doubt
!
"
Beloved
moment
is careful of me,
God
though
"
am
Kabir
control.
under
been
Beloved
one
accepted
an
God
has
bach
increase.
a
seam,
on
joined
may
I find
when
welfare,from
my
"
Kabir
knowest
shall sink
the
by
the
which
furnace
of
comes
jo Sain
dukh
akhun
his
becomes
Thee,
to whom
dence
confi-
piece
one
be
united
tirely
en-
twelfth
Sadh
The
with,
nor
God,
and
out
grief. With
He
my
Sadh
jo
kahna
the sandal-wood
regardingmy
to
Him."
ki sab kahun
ant
antar
ocean
ki bat."
supportestthe
of sense, but
soul.
by Thy
of true
retains
mercy
Thee
Without
and
passion
com-
shore.
amongst
Sacks
desire,without
full of rubies
are
not
Sadhs.
its coolness
though
unholy.
covered
with
snakes,
the Sadh
To
Sadh
remains
head
hoi.
bands
heart
my
roi
like the
are
asks
mile
true
ocean,
all my
liparsir dhanin
to the other
cross
tell Him
I meet
abke
heart, Thou
in the fathomless
I shall
As
He
Sain to milenge
Puchenge kusldt
Ur
met
are
burden.
the
I have
feeble.
Kabir
Adi
in the
body
my
approval of
be
I will
Kahun
foes.
in the
steps
Sab
The
has
love,nor
nor
fallen under
When
Charnon
The
bhaje
powerful, my
iron
tale.
end
beginningto
"
Thou
Har
confidence
never
God, weeping
His
achet
na
my
have
mind,
my
mind,
in
Thee.
with
"Now,
so
neglectedHim
phal khet."
can
to
I have
reliance
art
shall
confidence
Iron
karani
nir
then
Thou
condition,and
evil
bhaya
neither
How
continue?
given
without
been
has
sin,0
my
away
sawdhan
mera
hiin
Taten
mind
Take
fruitless field."
Sain
Man
my
heedless
am
Main
In
far off.
(Pir)was
perplexity.
therefore
deed, and
and
mouth,
and
68
him
who
amongst
knows
men.
(
About
six years
of the British
ago,
during
70
the
excitement
between
Government
the
caused
by
the
interposition
and his Thiikurs,an
a
Saraogi temple at
Chief
possessionof
and
somewhat
weak
made;
and, as the Saraogis were
Rajgarh was
had not
the Political
depressed,it would probably have been successful,
Thakurs
insisted
the
Vishnawis
on
Agent and leading
leavingthe temple.
Since then the Saraogis have held their heads
higher than formerly,but
However, there is,no doubt, a strong feeling
they are quite inoffensive.
between
of animosity in Ulwur
Saraogis and Hindus
stronger, it is said,
Hindu
and Musalman, or between
Shiah
than that which exists between
and Sonnee, or Vishniiite and Shivite.
of Ulwur
The
Meos ; but, as
are
great majority of the Musalmans
remarked
in
their
habits half
already
(see Meos), they are
In their villagesthey seldom
Hindu.
thus
have
mosques,
but
in Tijara,out of fifty-twoMeo
villages,
only eight have mosques,
the
of
almost always they have
same
places
worship, temples excepted,as
"
"
Pdnch
Pira"
their Hindu
a
a
neighbours possess
namely,
Bhaiya"
"
The
Panch
"Ckakund."
and
Pira," found everywhere in Mewat,
a
and
Meo
Hindu
the five
to
in both
villages,is a spot consecrated
whom
the
Hindus
to
Musalman
chief
are
saints,
perhaps attracted,
attempt by
fanatic
Vishnu
to
take
"
"
"
"
tallies with
their number
because
the
"
Pdnch
Than"
or
deities of their
"
Saldr"
and
the
of Masaud
rightof
of the
border
servants
line.
Vide
Hindoo
Sherriug's
Tribes, p.
300.
71
The
of one
other
and Bahadarpur, and
two
or
Saiyads of Khairthal
the
Musalman
of
the
and
other
villages,
Mandawar,
Khanzadas,
Rajputs
in the service of the State, and
Musalmans
few Khanzada
a
proprietors,
form
the respectableMusalman
population. The old buildings in the
neighbourhood of Tijara,Ulwur, and elsewhere,testifyto the wealth of
Musalmans
when
Pathans, Khanzadas, or Mughals ruled the country,
and when
Miillas of great note resided at Ulwur
(seepage 11) ; but there
considerable
Musalman
are
no
buildings of recent construction,nor any
and
teachers
of note, though often an
itinerant preacher comes
stays
he
of
while to preach and make
and
sometimes
is
a
a
a
some
man
purse,
Once
ful.
distastenote.
teacher came,
but his doctrine was
latelya Wahabi
He
The
much
offence,and met with no encouragement.
gave
Sheeahs
in
the
in
small
but
are
a very
minority,
they possess one mosque
city,where there are twelve altogether. They get on well enough with
the Soonees, and the two sects often intermarry.
Fairs are, I believe,always held ostensiblyfor some
religiouspurpose,
when
established
British
it
is
unby
authority,so
except
Fairs and
of
the
the
and
to
separation
religious
attempt
necessary
commercial.
The followingare the principal:
festivals
City of Ulwur, the Ganger, and the Sawan tij,well-known
in honour
to
of Mahadevi, held in March
and August.
One
Jaganath in Asarh (July);one to Sahibji(God?), a shrine near
the city,on the Tijararoad.
Chuhar
of the
eight miles north-west
Sidh, in the Dehra
pargana,
city,on the Shiv Ratri festival in February. It is held in
honour
of a Meo
saint (seebelow).
in
Bilalf, Bansur, on the Jaipur border,in Chait and Baisakh (March
and April)xin honour
of Sitla Devi (the smallpox deity).
Rajgarh, Jaganath's festival in Asarh (July).
Silleserh.
The lake eight miles from Ulwur, in Baisakh
(March), in
"
honour
Kundalka,
Bhadon
of Sitla Devi.
of
Ghazf, in honour
(March and August).
in Thana
Ghasaoli, in Kishengarh,in
honour
of
BhartaH,
in
Baisakh
Sahibji(God ?), in
(August).
Palpur, in Kishengarh, Mali, Baisdkh, Jeth
and
Bhadon
(December, March,
Dasf's
shrines
see
p. 60.
(
above, the
Of the
BilaH
Chuhar
and
of the two
important
most
Sidh.
72
the Ulwur
are
It is said that
80,000
aud
fairs,
persons
assemble
those
at
at each
latter.
BilaH
on
is said to have
seem
any
to
received
whom
saint,Shah
residence
the
on
been
have
of those
In 1875
sacred
a
teacher
to
curious
become
of
Lai
but
his shrine
attracts
more
pilgrims than
Das.
example
occurred
established.
of the mode
The
Tahsildar
in which
places
new
of
pilgrimage
Ramgarh,
very
relates that at villageJahanpur, after the commencement
intelligent
man,
of the rains,water began to flow from underground into a tank which had
declared
before been dry. The Hindus
it was
the subterranean
Ganges,
and the Meos
that it was
the Chuhar
Sidh.
The
water
was
pronounced
and in a very few days people flocked to bathe
to have
healing properties,
in
in it.
house
the town of Ramgarh, about eight miles off,
From
every
sons
pernot only from the neighbourwent
to the holy spot ; and" people came
hood,
but from Narnol, Gurgaon, Bhartpur, and even
Hatras and Aligarh.
after the discovery of the
On
July the 18th, that is,not a mouth
of men
wonder, the Tahsildar visited the spot. He found " thousands
Many of the
going and hundreds returning from the so-called Ganges."
visitors left after bathing and
securing a store of the precious water to
with
Tahsildar found more
than
them
but
the
10,000 present
;
carry away
with
200
carts
besides
(bailis),
horses
and
camels.
The
bathers
in
the
about half an
in extent, were
diseased
blind and
acre
tank, which was
"
and
and
firm in their belief that
so
chiefly,
they were
strong
persons
in
take
the
other
the
to
fell
a
on
one
dip
fountain,as if they would
they
said to be especially
surelysucceed in their longings." The blind were
than one
who declared he
benefited ; and the Tahsildar interrogatedmore
had derived great advantage from the water
73
EDUCATION.
The
late Maharao
instituted
established
contain
been
2200
school
Rajd Sheodan
cess
of
villageand
one
per cent,
Bat
the land
on
schools,which
Tahsilf
students.
deserves
Singh
in
the
credit
revenue,
1870
A.D.
of
and
of
having
having
said to
were
defrayed,yieldedthe Maharao
the schools
On
were
much
neglected.
the establishment
of Administration
Council
of the
in
A.D.
1870,
educational
"
placethe
to
There
In
are
1874
school,from
fund.
1875
The
there
"
of the Patwarrees.
cultivators less at the mercy
but
of
condition little is known.
their
some
schools,
girls'
fees
for the
were
parents did
boys whose
effect
were
was
first time
to reduce
on
to the
the
to the
But
largely.
schools,which
education
contributed
contribute
not
the students
boys belonging
3124
for 1874-75
is within
ten
taken.
were
was
per cent,
the
end of
at
one
Rs.
34,292, of which
fund.
one
by
19,240 was
per
the first
"maktabs"
schools
called
chatsals
and
Indigenous
exist. There are in the city20 chatsdls and 11
Hindi, the last Persian
maktabs,with an average attendance of 18 and 11 respectively.
table and first two rules
Chatsals mostly only teach the multiplication
A few teach the first four rules and singlerule of three,
of arithmetic.
Rs.
"
cent.
"
"
"
but
books.
use
none
pieces of
"
on
pattas,"
or
boards.
In maktabs
the Bostciu
Persian
also
taught ;
writing is taught
and
Reading
Persian
elementary
and
Suheli
Anwari
and
grammar
read, but
are
no
Gulistau
and
are
letter- writing,and
in
arithmetic
taught.
at all is
some
LITERATURE.
Of
and
the number
late years
there
books
Dehli.
None
that
find
place
I have
than
the introduction
of
Purau
Pundit
to
that
young
in
the
tenets
training
urges
"
in theirs
the book
and
the
"
The
Thousand
of the bdnis
mentioned
and
inclination
nor
for
me
Ulwur
from
reveal
voluminous
authorship,
Hindus
but
should
of their
progress.
abstract
the
in
Hindi
Ulwur
by an
gent
early intelli-
same
Christians
young
obtain
ing.
intended
aid to that trainan
as
question was
elementary educational books, those most sold at
in which
is a type of
Rajas figure (" Hordhaj
"
Pahldd
Chariwonder-working devotees like the
"
like the
"
ki Katha"
Sanichar
I do not
know
Those
families
alluded
some
of any
have
printed copies
I have
poems
old
diaries
preserved
(pages11, 130)
to
like
religious
and
of the local
who
have
not
ment
induce-
to
"
his
to
is
in
"
Chief.
action
readily. Perhaps
recommended
religionwhich
European
British
to
easy
receive
ago.
but
within
the
as
sell
of
not
Munshi
would
six years
was
directlydue
it
little trace
of them
none
of Vishnu."
Names
note-books
and
shows
books
made
rather
of Ulwur
not
"
few
very
bookstalls,but
the
fuller examination
popular
influence.
in
are
of books
the
Apparently
educational
five in the
now
are
from
of
recollection.
They
are
printedor lithographed;
popular.
Most
nineteen
the rest
in
are
kind
of the
written
were
number, but
in manuscript.
enough
to
compile
works
produced at
in hopes of reward
only four have been
None
can
be called
The
are
printed ones
(1.)The Gal Prakash, a treatise on plane and sphericaltrigonometry,by Nildmbar
Ojha, one of the chief Jotishis of the State. Printed at Benares.
Bakht
in praise of M. R. Sheodan
Bilas,a poem
Singh, by a Raj
(2.)The Sheodan
Brahmin.
Lithographed at the Raj Press.
(3.) Sharh Dasatir, a translation of a Parsee sacred book, by Mulvi Najaf All, formerly
"
in the
Ulwur
service.
(4.)Risdla Shatranj, a
treatise
on
chess, by Hakim
is
a
one
third
on
on
Surtdn
the
Singh,
of the
battle of Alaonda,
the
"
Rdm
dal"
of
1870.
Raj service.
one
on
Banni
(
The
popular
the
of
fifty-seven
own
of
writing
of
friend)
and
of
Brind
metre)
three
on
of
were
consisted
Thakur,
although
language
any
but
or
Western
dialect,
Cadell
Major
books
which
of
such
to
natives
to
books
in
the
matter
poet's
showing
every
sexual
(the
more
(the
Rdj"
Ras
pecially),
es-
chief
emotion).
of
the
as
poems,
Raj
Pirthwi
benevolent
Sujan
Rdsa,
besides,
dialect
in
and,
those
three
years
was
female
education.
Ulwur,
elsewhere.
and
as
Kaiwdt
two
one
ago,
of
the
was
There
the
all
exceptions
in
were
Prem
all
Sdgar,
exceptions,
of
Raja
tarowar).
Prem
two
singing,
(Hir
Rdmayan,
and
with
of
(tarak
the
treasury
on
Kkiydl
daughter
jest-book
and
Marwar
circulation
Ranja
Hir,
two
ko
mins
Brah-
(the
Kos
(phut-kdr),
such
the
Guldb
as
won
and
distressed
Rajas,
"
Hir
Fakir,
prevalent
in
were
respectable
play
discovered,
correct
(the
Blind,
as
women,
selections
dictionaries
poetic
Eastern
and
Priya"
of
"
called
exceptions,
two
Kabi
passions
encyclopaedias,
works
the
even
ornamental
verses
jewel
about
as
The
"
Bhartpur).
riddle-book,
With
verse,
Pingal
who,
of
and
of
epic
or
or
(gydri),
700
(the
romances
standard
"c.
Sdgar,
attention
idea
good
class.
miscellaneous
Hazara,
Siyal),
verse.
emotions
of
dictionaries
three
few
the
Mai
Suraj
wisdom
Jhang
sale
the
of
art
the
(the
ratan"
four
were
of
this
biographical
Gulab),
Raja
or
give
description
for
knowledge
on
characteristics
"Ras
of
(acts
in
will
obtained
Sanscrit
no
were
of
on
the
on
were
There
sat
were
emotions),
Ckaritr
of
no
had
sai"
types
are
books
Seven
two
which
had
kinds
various
"
and
the
books
these
the
Eleven
of
It
himself,
poet
one
books.
Thakur
literary
of
vernacular.
Seventeen
kind
The
Hindi
of
library
the
taste.
of
something
his
of
contents
of
75
the
were
in
were
Dingal
Ajmfr.
that
the
Steps
representations
multitude
the
of
causes
the
taken
were
were
made
of
obscene
dislike
to
repress
which
among
the
drew
CHAPTER
IV.
MUNICIPALITIES.
WITHIN
the
towns
of
partly
non-official.
dues
The
the
report
octroi
rates
below
is shown
annual
on
the
in
the
The
directions;
native
imported
of
is testified
as
iron
from
but
the
three
which
merly
for-
was
The
municipalities.
before
year
the
partly official,
are
house-tax,
in
its
ment
commence-
end.
and
1874-75
the
trade
of
the
three
"
manufacture
State,
all
each
the
at
for
revenue
TKADE
"
of
budget
done
work
and
for
same
members
than
popular
the
are
The
Tijara.
more
rates
the
examines
The
towns
found
are
levied.
and
and
established
been
have
municipalities
years
Rajgarh,
Ulwur,
Octroi
Council
four
last
iron
by
it
having
Europe."
MANUFACTURES.
AND
the
has
been
was
large
fallen
in
former
hillocks
off
greatly
times
of
greatly
lessened
slag
of
which
late
by
the
industry
great
years,
be
to
are
the
large
in
found
value
of
quantities
78
Cotton
town
The
present, but
aiid
railway; Ramgarh
does
There
interest.
used
and
Ulwur
and
Rajgarh on
of
appear to be much
scope for the investment
TJlwur ; but it is possible that the railway may
considerable
trade in stone
capital
develop
quarriesnear it.
Interest is at varying rates ; that paid by agriculturists
lieve,
being, I bethe highest. Baniyas usuallyadd |-anna
in the rupee when
lending
that
loans
issued
three
that
at
cent,
are
more
is,
premium.
;
money
per
In repayment, if in kind, ^ anna
in the rupee
is uncounted.
Thus,
of
for a loan
Rs. 8, the borrower
would
be charged Rs. 8-4, but Rs. 8-4
still
when
would
leave
due.
The rate of interest
actuallypaid
4" annas
four per cent, a month, without compound interest,
is sometimes
sometimes
in the rupee
2 annas
is taken as six months'
after which compound
interest,
interest is charged. There is,however, a rule,binding on the Ulwur
exceed the principal,
aud
Courts, that the interest of a debt should never
decrees
made
are
from
at
by railway.
import
export
Lachmangarh off the railway.
are
Ulwur
not
in
Capitaland
from
of cotton
for conveyance
rice,salt,and piecegoods all come
principalplaces of
The
the
the sugar,
market-
the
accordingly.
COMMUNICATIONS.
On
from
the 14th
Dehli
to
from north to
The line runs
through to Bandikui.
the
State
almost
exactly in half.
dividing
through Ulwur territory,
the
There
within the State six stations,which, beginning from
are
north, are as follows : Ajerika,Khairthal,Barwara, Ulwur, Mala Khera,
Rajgarh. Two considerable bridges have been built on the line,one about
four miles north, and the other a little further south of Ulwur.
The railwaywas
constructed under the direction of Major Stanton,R.E.,
SuperintendingEngineer; and Mr. Buyers, C.E., Executive Engineer.
Political Agent, did much
towards
improving
Captain Impey, when
proved,
made
roads
communications.
The most
or
were
greatly imnecessary
and arrangements made
for rendering the border passes safe.
The followingis a list of the passes and
guards. Most of the latter
established by Captain Impey and the Council :
Border passes, were
trains
from
ran
Dehli
south
"
"
PASS.
GUARD.
dawar
(2)Belni
(3)
Giiti
and
at foot
Putli
f
I On
cart-road to
of hills
(Bahror),a
Kot
Man-
Mandan
(Mandan),a
ground
between
cart-road
cai
cart-road
Sepoys
Jamadars
Jamac
*\
R.. 7
Rs.
On
month.
RS.
month
in broken
villages
5
.
between
...
...
Bahror
1
each.
'79
PASS.
Patiala
and
and
cart-road between
(Bahror),a
(4) Nalota
Nim
GUAED.
Bahror
On
J
.
and
Jamadars
Patan
to
Thana
ka
a cart-road
(Bahror),
(5)Banhar
Bahror
continued
territory,
Rs.
Sepoys
month.
onRs.
month,
6
...
between
Ndrnol
Sowers
of Barod
cart-road
and
tween
be-
Narnol
(7)
(Bahror), a
Nibhor
Bahror
(8)
and
horses.
without
cart-road
tween
be-
Narnol
Sanoli
Bahror
(Bahror),bridle-pathbetween
and Shahjahanpur
ka Johar
Gatoka
(9)
(Bansur), near
Baragaom,
cart-road between
Narainpur and Pragpiira,
Jaipur,much used at time of Bilali Fair
....
bridle-road
(10) Ratanpura (Bdnsiir),
rainpurand
between
10
Under
Thakur
Baragaom,
of
and
supplied by him.
Na-
Pragpura
Men
furnished
Thakur
by
of
Baragaom.
(11) Kirana
and
(12)
(Bansur),cart-road
Pragpura
Bansur
and
Jaipur road
(13) Deo
ka
Bansur
and
13
(Bansur),
Narainpur.
cart-road
It is
(Bansur),a
Kot
on
between
the
Dera
Narainpur
....
Piao
ki
Mot!
between
cart-road
Sowers
Dehli
,
between
Putli
;
.
(14) Barwali
Ghatti
11
Thana
Ghazi
and
Bairat
of
Jaipur
11
.
Ghazi
passableto
(18)
KarrAtha
and
Partapgarh,with
difficulty
horses
5
....
between
(Thana Ghazi), bridle-path
Ghazi
and
Partapgarh
ki
Mori
Ghatta
tween
(Partapgarh),cart-road be(19)
Partapgarhand Ajabgarh
Kot
between
(Ajabgarh), cart-road
(20) Ada
Ajabgarh and Baldeogarh
(21) Gola ka Bas (Ajabgarh),near Bhangarh, cartroad between Ajabgarh and Sainthal in Jaipur
Thana
(2
mounted),
Sepoys.
80'
PASS.
GUARD.
(24) Chhind
in
Mdcheri
not
On
R".
4 a
month,
8
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
garh
Rdj.
bridle-pathbe(Rdjgarh),
4
.
between
.
Rajgarh
.
guards occasionallyrecover
now
Sepoys
month.
Mdcheri
These
cart-road
(Rdjgarh),
Lachmangarh
and
Ghatta
Rdjgarh and
(26) Adoka
Reni
.
(25)
RS.
Jaipur
between
(Rdjgarh),bridle-path
and
Jamadars
on
stolen
cattle,but
duties
their
are
onerous.
much
neglected,
departure of Captain Impey, the roads were
in
establishment
of
the
hand
the
were
on
vigorously
Council
of Administration
in 1870.
Major Cadell devised a complete
system of railway feeders,and in the beginning of 1876 their condition
After
the
taken
but
was
Road
follows
as
"
finished before
Ulwur
rains.
(3)
Kishengarh. Earthwork
completed.
(4) Khairthal,vid Kishengarh to Tijdra,about four miles
remainder
kankar
collected.
completed,arid most of the
to
"
"
metalled.
The
road
Earthwork
may
on
be finished
one
Four
miles
earthwork
will be finished
and
completed ;
before
of
remainder
earthwork
about
two-thirds
done,
rains.
when
No. 6 is finished.
(7) Mojpur to Rdjgarh. Will be commenced
Work
not commenced.
(8) Khairtal to Harsora, Bahror, and Bdnsur.
Mdla
Khera
kd
to
Ghdzi
Thdna.
This
road
would
cult
(9)
pass through such a diffiis contemplatedfrom Bdnsur, vid Narainpur,
country, that, instead of it,one
kd Thdna, and Ajabgarh,to the Jaipur border on
Ghdzl
the way
to Dowsa, thereby
opening up the tract of country to the west of the hills. No definite resolution has,
however, yet been come
to, the questionbeing still under consideration.
MINES, QUARRIES,
Of the iron
There
are
now
Major
Cadell
tons, of iron
15,000 maunds, or
in twenty-fourhours, the
emptied once
call the
lump
of
in 1873
wrote
furnaces
thirtyiron-smelting
536
about
iron)being taken
out
MINERALS.
AND
"
per
shoree
at
"
work
Each
annum.
"
the State,and
in
(or bloom
of the furnace
about
furnace
ball,as
twenty
they yield
is filled and
puddlerswould
hours
is
"
"
stnel ting-furnace
"
Vertical
Section.
Base.
//"
11"
1'5"
furnace,the
loadingthe
inserted
A
burnt
furnace,an
furnace,and
iron
(520 Ibs.)of
thirteen maunds
It takes
Before
11'
two
and
ore
earthern
eleven
and
ore
maunds
charcoal
in
being put on
pipe is inserted
generallyby women
twyere
bellows,worked
(440 Ibs.)of
alternate layers.
from
the back
and
of the
are
children,
it is known
away,
call this
natives
The
furnace.
of iron
lump
when
into
mass
"shoree."
the
at
Prior
to
of
inches
bottom
it is
the
of
removing it,the
claywith which the lower part of the furnace is covered in (marked A in the above
shoree
plan)is broken through. The burning charcoal having been raked out, the
red
heat
The
shoree
is
two
in
in
of
cut
diately
immestate
two
drawn
is
out
men.
a
by
and while stillred-hot.
A deep incision is first made
its withdrawal
into
on
hammers
is
then
and
the
with
a
it by two
inserted,
men
sharp-edged
wedge
lump,
;
is speedilysevered
which
(200 to 280 Ibs.),
generallyweighs from 3" to 2" maunds
"
"
"
"
The
halves
two
brought to
being
piecesby
The
be
"
of four hammermen.
the assistance
with
the
then
are
that
mentioned
annas
out, and
puddling furnace,and
beaten
and
cut
after
with hammers
into
men.
and
"
of
following is an
"
refiningor
the
taken
heat, are
white
placed in
fractions of
the
pies,"as
is
rupee
usuallydone
working each
shown
are
in decimals
in
it may
place
of in
"
SmeltingFurnace.
Rupees.
maunds
Thirteen
One
charcoal,at
skilled labourer,for
labourers
twelve
maunds
per
"09
.
maunds
four
tappingfurnace
.
2-75
per rupee
"20
.
"
"34
"
"03
twyere pipe
Breaking
up
"
Water-carrier
Wear
at
loadingditto
and
maunds
Bellows
Ibs.)are,
...
Breaking up
One
cwt.
I -09
rupee
Eleven
(9
ore
and
tear
shoree,"or
bloom
ball
"06
.
"03
"
.....
"25
of bellows
Total
4-84
L
82
skilled labourer
Bellows
'82
.........
and
blowers
hammermen
1 '40
......
'03
Water-carrier
..........
Twyere pipe
'03
..........
Six maunds
1 -50
per rupee
Total
3-78
Grand
the
As
about
furnaces
200
stated, 2 1
maunds
be
cannot
loads is turned
out
annum.
per
total annual
(17" tons),which,
of
at the rate
8'62
worked
(200 Ibs.),the
maunds
Total
of
out-turn
each
is 500
furnace
per ton),realises
(Rs.112
Rs. 2000.
expenditureof
The
the
estimated
furnace-men,as
is as
by themselves,
follows
"
Rupees.
Working expenses of
Royalty to the State
Miscellaneous
200
load
1724
200
37
Total
and
overstated,
but
small,
families
it must
of
be taken
this
what
they earn by
amounting to about
to
70
wives
sixtyand
between
per
per
100.
the
Even
expenditureis
this profit
is very
of the
seventy
furnace,which
wages
employed
are
considerable
1961
but
the whole
children
and
acres
annum
at Rs.
that almost
into account
families number
Those
dues
,
This would
go
to the
the works.
on
and, in addition
from
profit
the
land,
prevalent
in the district.
There
Major
to
seem
Cadell
have
been
few
Ulwur
furnaces
more
in
Further
wrote.
soft
and
at page
compared
as
than
1875
with
when
183.
English
brittle,
iron,which is more
and, consequently,the former is preferredfor
One
kind
of imported iron,called
and
wood-cutting purposes.
culinary
"
kheri," is,however, thought better than the country, but is twice the
cost.
English iron is used for fine work, such as door-hinges,carriages,
"c., as it is much neater than country iron.
The furnaces are in the southern
at Rajgarh,
part of the State,chiefly
Tahla, and Baleta.
Of copper
Major Cadell wrote :
"
The
"
Co
richest
traverse
found
"
of the Darlba
Hill,situated
ore
in
is
er
found
in
is that
the
which
in many
State from
were
pockets,"not
worked
south
other
to
and
in continuous
north
abandoned
and
several
centuries
veins,so that
it
can
of
the Aravelli
ancient
ago."
never
It
Hills,which
copper-minesare
is,however,
become
found
to
be
only
greatlyprofitable.
(
The
mode
in which
The
manufacture
83
is manufactured
copper
is carried
in
on
be
shortly
may
thatched
sheds,which
described
follows
as
in
generally
are
"
very
currency
The
followingis
30 Ibs. copper
of the cost of
estimate
an
ore
turningout
furnace-load
one
"
Rupees.
-31
"
Breaking up
Breaking ore
'38
'06
ore
.........
into cakes
with
slagand cow-dung
iron
skilled workman
One
men
'12
'.
Bellows
.'
.
"
-13
'19
Refining
'06
Total
30 Ibs. of
Those
annual
ore
of copper
out-turn
Rupees
1'25
.
has
been
The
average
(3 tons 8 cwt.),and it
year, owing to the influx of copper
of
India
The
and
coin.
value of the indigenouscopper
British
Europe
copper
The State takes one-third of the copper as royalty.
has greatlydiminished.
and children,derive
Thirty-two families,comprisingeighty-eight
men,
women,
their principal
of subsistence from this industry
means
; and during the rainyseason,
of land.
when the furnaces are not worked, they cultivate twenty-two acres
from
quantityof sulphateof
small
of the water
out
"
Lead
mines
have
they
not
not
were
in
and
is found
at
been
for
remuuerative.
by
and
copper
in the Dariba
place
worked
analysismade
an
found
called
a
of
mine.
Jodhawas,
great number
They
are
Colonel
now
cent,
Thana
near
of years,
Ghdzi.
The
as
beingre-opened;
Dickens, the
factured
sulphateof iron is manu-
of
ore, which
lead
and
is
one
an
per
argentiferous
of
cent,
silver."
quarriesextend
hills,and
*
Since
at
nowhere
are
this
intervals
was
miles
for two
deep
written,British
like
coiu
the
has
along the
marble
foot of
quarries of
is
a
range
Makrana
supersededit,as explainedelsewhere.
cavated
ex-
of
in
(
Besides
Marwar.
these
84
compete with
quarries,which
Makrana
Raiwala, iu
miles from
Jhirri,
Jhirri,
Jaipur territory,
present only two families work the Jhirri
rana
hundred
while at Raiwala
there are
one
families,and at Makquarries,
hundred
and
there
in
made
twenty.
1868) one
(according to a note
there
and
quarriesat
are
the
nearer
railway. At
Jliirri I
At
seven
the Makrana
told that
was
the Jhirri
as
finelycrystallised
stone
It has
stone.
at Makrana
images
Raiwala
The
be weaker
is said to
stone
and
so
higher,and
that
manufacture
of
at Jhirri.
easier than
much
the
renders
hard
so
to be raised
adds
not
was
than
the
(has more
barbati"
in
does
it),and
not
"
six-bullock
two-bullock
and
that
150
maunds.
The
when
will
contain
maunds.
This
cart
cart, 12
the amount
of stone
of the
arch
and
crosspiece,
6|
ft.
from
10.
Rs.
The
An
customs
annas
Jhirri to Dehli
is at
the rupee
tirbarah
the
when
of
power
is
country bullock,
the
probably at present
the
quarries3 maunds
public.
under
rupee
sold to the
"
"
finger-breadths
thick,with four feet,standing1 span high,
unpolishedbasin, 8 in. in diameter,costs Rs. 1. Images ordinarily
5 to Rs.
State,1"
"
4J
the traction
stone
maunds
ordinary
maunds
from
sent
cost
40
shows
20,
but
contractor
for each
often much
takes 2
going to
more.
annas
each
on
pointwithin
Jhirri stone-cart
going
out
of
the
the State.
often excavated
but
Very large pieces of stone are not now
at Jhirri,
there.
Those of
formerly noble monolithic pillarshave been manufactured
Kh"ss" hall,in the Ulwur citypalace,are from Jhirri ; and when
the "Am
Bhangarh, only sixteen miles off,was a prosperous
town, and the capital
of the district,
it must, as its remains
show, have given much work to
the Jhirri quarrymen.
is also found
White
marble
Fine
slabs,four feet
square,
marble.
Black
but
pink
Pink
marble.
marble
Fine
one
the
as
quarries
yet
have
been
(guldbi
pathar} is excavated
extracted
family of quarrymen
fe,
but
there
depend
but
at
is
upon
..,,.
little worked.
the south.
little demand
it.
be obtained,
can
'
Baldeogarhin
for images
pieces,large enough
been
but
near
for the
,
stone, and
is
Salt
extracted
not
from
and
then
In
as
manufacture
for
Rs.
about
latter
much
Saltpetre
From
the
from
of
the
States
works,
salt-
Blmrtpur
to
the
the
and
the
turned
"gars"
Rs.
of
imported
sold
are
dues.
custom
salt,
the
About
3220.
which
State
to
on
monopoly
for
year
the
for
as
"
produced,
annually
local
the
that
sold
wells
called
pans
without
maunds,
from
water
dgars
was
but
west,
at
The
though
the
best.
obtained
400
salts
few
the
ordinary
said,
is
for
about
Saltpetre.
the
into
it
same
is
in
and
collected,
months
100
the
some
seventy-seven
twelve
the
22
are
is
off
are,
the
is
were
maunds
50,000
latter
earth
there
in
drained
1875
as
lakes,
saline
it,
wells,
from
nor
O-il.
86
in
the
500
or
which
east
manner
salt,
as
and
the
yield
is
maunds.
from
extracted
miles
same
of
bracelets
the
the
city,
earth
(ckiiris}
coarse
and
at
and
Desiila
glass
rough
is
bottles
Agiara,
manufactured,
are
made.
V.
CHAPTER
AGRICULTURE.
As
the
of the
area
They
Of
the cultivated
bears
cent,
two
area
cent,
of the
crops
covered
areas
by
twenty-three
the
Barley
whole
cultivated
area.
-119
"
"
"
"
-021
.
"007
Sarson
the
The
land
under
tobacco
about
1200,
than
the
for
crops
preparatory
"
"
"
"
'276
computation
area
Crops and
tillage.
"
'023
.
Wheat
smaller
proportions
-069
Miscellaneous
made
of the
relative
the
-089
Indian-corn
that
five per
and
irrigated,
-071
Cotton
in order
is cultivated.
is
cent,
Gram
this
per
whole
chieflygrown
crops
Jawar
In
of the
approximately
'331
Bajra
"
of
in the year.
The
five-sixths
about
cannot
crop statement
of fiscal villagesonly,
fifty-five
per
that
of
i.e.,
villages,
187, 188.
at pages
show
fiscal
made,
Statistics
found
will be
the
only
State,was
furnished.
be
of
field survey
double-cropped land
whole
one
year might
sugar-cane
and the opium
to
assessment,
usual
about
be
taken
2000
valuable
been
counted
acres,
but
no
twice,
into account.
that
under
the survey
doubt, devoted
as
was
a
crops.
average
yield of
to these
was
has
chieflypulses.
b"jra land
pulse greatlyexceeds
been
estimated
12
to
maunds,
at from
cotton
that
of
to the
character
with
of
it.
the
season,
the
yield
Irrigatedbarleyhas
the
4 to 14 maunds
at
bigha, gram
(unirrigated)
maunds
5
to
at
(includingseed).
(irrigated) 1"
bdjra grown
(
For
To
more
the
drift
88
rain
which
sand,
be
may
has
unirrigatedland, one or
advantageous,not only
readilyabsorbed, but
more
often
be
strengtheningproperties,may
that
caught
two
that
the
in the
furrows.
sugar-cane
for the
kharif.
The
and
first
called
with
The
ploughing
and
receives
weeding.
A
see(*
The
Sowing and
is
and
dinner
follows
as
rains
being
carrying a
then
the bullocks'
requiredfor
.3
day's ploughing,
or
little more.
seers.
to
20
"
Inferior kharif
pulses
barley
and
are
seer,
10
Wheat
an
north, they make
five
furrows.
ploughs
rubbed
with mendi, and
Raj bfgha,or
the
man
feet
pot, coloured
villagefestival,
villagersproceed
of delicacies.
Jawar
Charf
is
earthen
new
to
selected
.1
bajracrop
begin
favourable,the
bajra. Looking
earth, and
ploughman'shands
the former
householder
full of
the
to
after the
Omens
halsotia."
each
fields,
turmeric
obeisance
"
the
to the
of
day
,,
20
"
15
Gram
"
is
between
One
One
the furrows
man
man
can
weed
can
the soil.
to loosen
about
reap
about
quarter of
five biswas
Raj bfgha
day.
(twentieths)of
raj bfgha
jawar. half
of
biswas of a bfgha of
a
barley,seven
bfgha of bajra. Reapers are usually paid partly in cash,
The
cost of reaping a field is generallyreckoned
a
partly in corn.
of
its
total
twentieth part
yield.
210 Raj
Ram
Superintendent
Gopal, estimated the cost of cultivating
bfghas of barley thus
wheat
or
Reaping (laoni).",,-,
"
i,~
T-"
n-j
LI
v.
89
Rupees.
Ploughing
Seed
.16
20
.......
'Implements
Weeding
Reaping
from
Irrigation
.12
.
.10
10
.......
Blacksmith
.64
well
.
and
carpenter
....
135
This
is exclusive
Friday
The
is
of rent
and
revenue.
terms
best
day
to
begin reaping.
"
Ploughing,jotna.
Sowing, bona.
Reaping,laona.
Winnowing, barsdna.
Plough,Jial.
Flattener,mez.
Instruments
fork
Jelli,
from
water
flowing off
of wood.
Dranti, sickle.
Ganddsi,
of
Rotation
for
instrument
kirbi
cutting,
"
called
crops,
pher"
year.
in
one
in the -next
cotton, followed
was
Indian-corn
bajra or
succeeded
land, barley,gram,
and
Indian-corn
often followed
or
in the
"
one
moth
and
practisedon
extent
some
in the
crop
"
common
pher
as
case
two
fodder
are
It is calculated
manure.
assumes
as
tobacco.
acres,
and
one
other
In
and
autumn,
Jawar
rabi crop, as
bajra often
one
very
they
are
follow
that
part of the
of
crop
and
cotton
sufficient for
fuel is abundant
are
of the
elsewhere
one
Elliott's
Hoshangabad
afford
one.*
manure,
nearly half
Settlement
less
late.
another, though
are
for
also said
highjungle plants
a
believe,burnt.
*
are
gatheredin
State,where
abundant, they
eight cattle will
household
of
barley in
On good double-crop
years'rotation.
"
raM"
(spring)usually follow bdjra,
the
for
rotation
are
"
"
tobacco,to which
kharif" (autumn).
immediately by
they
in the
wheat
that
spring by
in
the two
completed
is to
than
more
villageI found
bajrastraw.
or
Report.
sufficient
manure
This, however,
is only the
which
the
manure
is,I
except
90
rather
limits.
narrow
be extended
form, cannot
commonest
For
to
be
profitable,
Irrigation.
the
only
be, speaking generally,within 70
feet of the surface,of tolerable quality,and
with
a
copious flow,but if
the soil piercedbe sandy, it must
be possibleto reach a firmer stratum
must
not
below
on
is reached.
it after water
before
undermined,
be
long
difficult to insert
wooden
yard.
new
as
(Jeota)
originalone
to give way.
a
water
can
and
masonry
be done
cylinder usually
When
is but
water
in firmer
about
costs
few
soil when
Rs.
feet from
the
kota
the
threatens
cubit, or Rs.
surface,and there is
per
4
a
bottom
has
man
filled
within
soil very
cylinder (bachra) within the
wooden
or
It is in such
to go
12
down
to
fill it.
of its contents.
the presence
"When,
a
few
An
success.
which
as
is
of
he should
and
down
man
feet above
rod
or
occasionallyused) is
On
be
injuredby
to introduce
whilst
down
the fall of
the
some
of Bull's
use
contrivance,which
the
acts
out
with-
the nodulous
the
ball
driven
limestone
(the
best
sometimes
called kankar
is often
is
great
European descriptionof
as
many
as
30
feet into
bed
of limestone.
efficient
under
called
made
remain
not
happens,
frequently
iron
dare
found
He
its
91
is not
In
(loo).
The
for
there
as
bullocks
in
11-
,,
wells
is
worked
are
release
elsewhere, an
Ajmir and
extra
"
rope
Well
imgation.
manner;
which
from
the
the
driver
bucket,
is necessary
man
of
rope, by means
the drawn
water
second
no
might
uneconomical
an
in
in
(chAk). and
//
used
to
of the
is done
as
dischargethe
water.
Where
"
the
weight
The
"
"
Shadoofs
with
is very near
the surface,denklis
of the Nile, and consist of a pole
water
at
one
well water
matwAla."
In
favourable
The
end
and
suspended
be divided
may
it the
bucket
alkalies
into
and
used.
are
working
at the other.
classes.
seven
acids
on
They are
a
pivot,
in
are
The
the
best
is called
proportion
most
vegetation.
to
second
malmala"
"
is
inferior to
"
mat-
wala."
third is
The
"
rtikalla" and
or
is often not
khara"
"
fifth is
favourable
are
might perhaps
and
The
and
but
effect,
or
"
generallyuseless,or
are
with
respect
other
some
to
"
khara"
laud
Well
land, such
so
ones,
efflorescence
Dung
has
the
quantities.
deposit,but if
well are
often excellent,
khara
"
white
oilyand
both
"
"
malmala,"
mitha"
salt.
over
Wells
of this
nothing.
to
next
be
can
improved by
ture
mix-
well
that alternate
kind, may
each
sort; thus
its
mitha."
"
worth
kind
Each
know.
not
Whether
class
"
white
common
It leaves
salt.
very
earth
or
class.
in sufficient
obtainable
sixth, telia"
middle
be counteracted
khdr"
"
be considered
may
which
rent-rates
as
is met
rich, well-watered
vary
with
land
from
mostly
of
the
Us.
in the
an
acre
for
north, to Rs.
south-west
sandy, ill-watered
22
an
(see Settlement
acre
for the
Report in
Appendix).
"
liNahri
is
city of Ulwur,
land.
canal-irrigated
the water
for which
The
most
valuable
is supplied from
is that
near
the
the lake
CanaL
ci-11
i.
Silleserh.
other
gardens in the environs of Ulwur, and much
1-8
R
s.
ing
watera
are
paid
astonishing i.e.,
of
an
bfgha
('4
garden laud
Raj
acre). As some
per
takes twelve waterings per annum,
the amount
paid for it for water alone
and
if
the
is Rs. 45 an
be
revenue
added, it mounts
acre,
up to Rs. 50.
Six waterings are usuallygiven to wheat, four to barley,two to gram.
It waters
land.
The
These
many
rates
rates
were
"
established
began, and
it must
heaps round
have unlimited
pay them
the city walls.
be remembered
Rupparel,or
of the
water
rains,and
from
manure
the
Biirah
of the
Ulwur
to
92
The
year.
is
stream
nually
an-
dammed
new
west
farmed
highly assessed.
rather
villagesare
at
canal,which
carries water
of the
of
town
to
land
some
Tijara,pays
formerly a
grass
no
serve
pre-
being
by the Darbar.
from
Watered
is
land
total canal
The
Silleserh
canal,about
1200
"
"
Silleserh
"
"
from
"
500
Tijdra
separate revenues
bighas.
1800
Ghat
"
The
settlement
660
Deotl
"
canals
was,
for 1874-75
"
15,200
......
Ghat
1,700
......
Deoti
140
......
in the State
of the
Darbar,
State property, but the Silleserh Canal
land has long been
theoretically
treated as actuallysuch, and the Superintendent of Canals annually leases
it out in small plots.
This
The
case
with
Superintendent
Ghat
For
the Ghat
of Canals
collector of three
water-rent
from
the
is not
acts
and
Deoti
as
revenue
villages,the
lands
Canal
land.
collector,as
of which
are
well
as
irrigated
Silleserh.
and
remarks
water-rate
on
imposed by
Settlement
Department,
see
Settlement
Report (Appendix).
in the Ramgarh
is flooded land, and is situated chiefly
and
The
best is in Ramgarh, supplied
Lachmangarh Tahsils.
and
from the Chuhar
the
rent
Sidh,
paid for it is as high
Rs. 9 an acre, or more
of it is unflooded two years
as
occasionally. Much
A good flood is to the villagerswithin
its influence
out of three.
the
and
it becomes
most
the subject of song
and
happy event in the year,
"
Dahri"
rejoicing.
"
water
Taldbi"
land
is drained
The
dams
is that
within
dam, which
is cultivated
when
the
off.
will be found
which
specifiedand brieflydescribed
under
the par-
situated.
The principal are
they are respectively
Tijara,Lachmangarh, Bagherf, Babrfa,Reni, Baleta, and Kho.
ganas
within
or
fourth
rate, and
plus
it took
their
especiallywhere
swords,
from
estates
to be
danger.
their
Chief
in
virtual
claims
be able
ever
jagfrgives :
of the gross
additional per
seer
day's work
load
Rs. 2
The
and
grass
Rs. 1-4
villages,the Darbar's
The
be
following may
to be
most
and
cultivators,
of
("J^")
kind
paying
in
on
plough
all the
in the
well
every
latter
prestige which
produce.
village.
run.
(and probably
fallow
on
tenants
and,
of the
the
dinner
of uncultivated
for his
retainers).
land.
land.
rent in money
option of realising
according
in kind.
select the mode
which
They each season
mises
proprofitable. This, however, is regarded as oppressive by
I have known
to conproprietors,who found it necessary
ciliate
or
their
maund
produce
often exercise
rate
crop
possessed
jagfrdar
produce.
every
from
wild
acre
an
Jagirdars
to
from
of green corn
each marriage
on
States
ently
consist-
cannot
"
One-third
One
also
realise,unless
to
their
protected
villages,he
his
their
to
in Native
to him.
rights in which have been transferred
fair rent and dues of
would
.be
the
what
thought
regarded as
than
sole proprietorof a village,though, probably, more
or
a
would
Dar-
tors,
proprie-
in part due
exertions
often
in
the
collected.
was
fiscal
favourable
which
to become
own
jagfrdars'proprietary title
the
deny
by
the
the sole
and
States
originalsettlement
they have
Indeed, as
where
or
the shares
claimed
crop,
in Native
tendency
regarded as
of the
share
third is sometimes
is.
always
Jagirdarshave
own
but
cess,
fourth
bar, when
the
the
will
at
in
their rent
latter
them
(j)Ahis\ give
each
according
money
of
case, one-third
the
to
the
the
season
fixed
choice
rate
or
in
(tisrab"ntho)was
crop
taken.
The
which
rent-rates,on
is based, are
in 1876
The
shown
of land
tenures
They
are
the
of the
assessment
in the
Settlement
prevailing in
the
locally known
State
under
Settlement
beginning
two
"
names,
batti hui"
or
TCHUTGS
divided, and
to
villages,the
lands
right,and
"
gol"
of which
is the
"
undivided.
or
have
Pattidari
"
been
of the North-
of bad
land
unless
it is
extensive,be
"
batti kM,"
if
plentiful,
fields.
villages)will
Thus
if
becomes
it
as
man
In
such
be
paid
at the
thenceforth
Western
show
usually
villagefield-map
for as each proprietor
gets his share
(achhi hi achchi our buri ki buri},the
glance
at
first term
is
apportioned according
will
the
The
divided, and
Provinces.
whether
of
good
well
and
and
his
in fractions
division
of
(or
corresponding
the
responsiblefor
lands
revenue
to
received
tenth, and
is
share
rich land
the
"
villageis
minutely
unirrigated
usually is comparatively, will be in long
villagesthe lljumma
applied
ditary
to here-
assessed
the
and
will,
ferior,
in-
gular
rectanon
the
hereditary share.
of them, he
a
spoken of as having
tenth
95
two
the
smallest
call bhaiachdra.
and
village land is held in common,
brotherhood
the
the
cultivators
paid to
by
and
land
vated
whether
the latter be proprietorsor
only
actually cultinot,
"
is paid for.
Jura
mdre
or
yoke (of oxen) trod," is the term
the principleupon
applied to land held on this tenure, and it marks
"
In the other
gol" tenure,
which
Rent
is exacted.
payment
the
is
The
"pala"
fodder
or
of uncultivated
even
be
Or
of these tenures
combination
A
"
"
batti
all will be
"jura
Instead
title.
it was
arbitrarily,
marked,
Impey's
last.
extra
divided
cording
ac-
is also any
"
tenure.
well
laud
will
"
khali
chalf,"and
to
a
of
deemed
and
better
this
first Settlement
The
"
other
"
the
irrigated
un-
mare."
deciding claims
treat possessionfor
lute
The
common.
"
In
to
is very
land
was
that
select
to
found
in
date
the
is,thirteen
more
years
of claims to
tinctly
disof
commencement
before
directed
was
Captain
expiry of
the
the
of
structive
proprietarypossession was
usually the actual or con"
in the
pattas," or leases,of the two Settlements
entry of name
of hak mujrai (ora two per cent, allowof Captain Impey, and the receipt
ance
the
made
their
the
to
revenue
on
proprietors,or
representatives,
"
the receiptof
dhol danka"
at
or
a payment
lumbardars). Sometimes
of proprietorevidence
to a certain extent
marriages in the village,was
ship.
that
and then a person
he
been
Now
had
might prove
actuallyin
in the
name
was
possession,though neither his nor his representative's
aforesaid
test
"
If in
share
sued
pattas."
an
undivided
for
village a
partitionof the
man
lands
who
in
had
less than
accordance
his
with
hereditary
village
the
the
received, if possible, the deficiency from
The
of
by proprietors.
possession
prietors
prodisturbed,unless on specialgrounds it was justifiable.
genealogical tree,
land
common
great
allowed
were
Impey's
not
not
was
re-occupy
Settlements
returned
and
he
cultivated
absentees
many
to
90
and
"
about
their lauds
within
quietly resumed
2000
as
without
near
as
I could
make
out
"
oppositionduring Captain
have
to
court.
The
Occupancy
question of
the Settlement
occupancy
rightshad
to be
dealt with
by
Department.
recognition of the occupancy
no
as, up to Captain Impey's Settlements,
but, on the contrary, usually
cultivators,
Proprietorsstrenuously opposed
the
rates.
(
The
cattle of Ulwur
are
in
97
The
wise remarkable.
no
fine animals
of
A good many
cattle,
imported,and not bred.
Cattle,
however, are exported from Ulwur
territory.
A plough and yoke of bullocks can
prepare from 20 to 25 Settlement
2 to 3 bighas of grass
bighasfor the rain-sowings. From
Maintenance
of cattleland must
be reserved to feed these two bullocks
ordinarily
during the rains. The weeding of the crops supplements this grazing
but in
the weeding alone is accounted
sufficient,
ground, and sometimes
is necessary
that case 30 seers a day of tura (barleyor moth straw and chaff)
is assignedto raise 6
for the first month
of the rains.
A bigha or more
of gawdr (a coarse
maunds
vetch)for the two bullocks,which must have,
at least,
during
a seer
a day each
during the ploughing,and, if possible,
the cold weather.
The yieldper bigha of bdjraand pulse straw and chaff
of pdla (berleaves)
should be from 20 to 24 maunds, and 1 or 1^ maunds
besides.
Before the hot weather the ber bushes should yield4 or 5 maunds
of fodder per bigha altogether.The
that is,from 25 to 30 maunds
more
during the cold weather,likewise should yield
grass land, which is unused
The cattle require
from 4 to 5 maunds
of pdla before the hot weather.
about 15 seers
head of this fodder,the total of which for 20 bighas of
a
cultivated and 2 of fallow is,takinga rather low yield,as follows :
kind
every
are
carts.
"
TT,
"
"
Maunds.
Maunds.
Yield
of cultivated
20
25
500
Yield
of fallow
2X4=
Total
.
Or
food for
head
one
bullock
for 1016
days. That is
not
508
of 18 acres, which
The cattle diseases
would
be used
for human
food.
to burst
complained of
cut
are
"
the stomach
handsome
less than
followingshows
The
those
Wages.
paid
Stonecutters,
Carpenters
2i
Beldars
and
the
quantity.
i/^-i
to
best
anna
3 the
formerly paid
wages
and
annas
pies.
C pies.
o
3
1
"
to
"
r"
6 pies.
annas
The
Rs. 6 to Rs. 8.
maunds, now
known
quarries in the neighbourhood of the
Khan's, 150 rdspas, or donkey loads (112
JarakRs. 1-12
is paid for that
weight.
1-11-6
the
100
Rs. 3 for the
maunds, now
Lai
"
100
now
rupee,
lime was
same
cloth
,,
Rs.
at
thus:
quarry
"
two
wara
the
"
sold
sold
city was
maunds),
without
"A.D. 1876.
,,
the
from
stone
"
pies.
,,
was
400
"
Lime
mas
"
pi-
an
now
between
1858.
A.D.
Masons
difference
the
Rs.
about
one,
half.
Rs.
too, such
(dhobi),are
Price
the
as
paid
blacksmith
washerman
in kind.
The
current.
and
(lohar),carpenter (katlri),
pricecurrent
is shown
bel
)w
27
s.
"
1915-28,
Average
for
19
seers.
39
seers.
"
"
7
"
"
32
24
"
"
38
26
"
"
31
Measures
Raj bfgha
and
weights.
by
is
measurement.
as
follows
is about
two-fifths
Settlement
survey
of
19
an
The
bigha
selected
is the
"
grainsof
rice
1 rattf.
8 rattis
of the
"
Ash
1 mash
a.
12
in
18
mashas
paisas
1 takka.
25
takkas
40
seers
1 maund.
seer
acre.
for
The
1928
27
The
s.
(A.D.1871-72).
years.
1 tola.
as
panchseeri," or
5-seer
palsa.
seer.
weight, is
25
takkas.
(
The
seer, it will be
Raj
99
British
the
seen, is 5
seer
of
tolas.
80
It
found
having been
of Administration
the
that false
compels
now
weights were
all
the Council
common,
very
shopkeepersto
weights bearing
use
Raj stamp.
Cloth Measure.
3
15
occasionallyvisit the
Locusts
of
spoken
is
as
State, and
the Kharif
girih.
1 gaz.
several
"
the
crops
other
katha"
insects
are
Bijght8)floods,
"
are
"
mischievous
especially
more
and famines,
chieflycomplained of; in the Rabf
"
mahwva"
sunclar."
The last
"roll," and
chepar"
babal"
"kuki"
crops,
In
destructive.
il
kdtira"
"
breadth
fingers'
girihs
I believe floods
in gram.
They
much
the
and
rain
the
loss
is
other
but
cotton
more
injure
may
crops,
than repaidby the enhanced
value of the wheat, barley,and gram
crops
the
which
abundant
rains
produce.
(especially latter),
famines
famous
The
the
throughout
country, and which form eras
before and
after which
events
are
spoken of as having occurred, are
of
those
"
(1.)Sambat
(2.)
(3.)
(4.)
(5.)
(6.)
"
(7.)
(8.)
(9.)
(10.)
"
1810
1840
(A.D.1783-84)
"
(A.D. 1803-4)
"
1860
"
"
"
1869
1874
1890
1894
"
"
1910
1917
"
"
Of
the
always, on
are
these, the
1925
(A.D.1812-13)
(A.D.1817-18)
(A.D.1833-34)
(A.D.1837-38)
(A.D.1853-54)
(A.D.1860-61)
(A.D.1868-69)
the chalisa.
the sdtha.
the unhattara.
"
the chauhattara.
"
the
"
nawra.
the chauranwara.
"
the dasma.
"
the athsfra.
"
the
"
pachlsra.
the
most
tenth.
The
last famine
putaua,
was
not
so
in
general were
placesmore
priceof grain was as high as a rupee for 8 seers, whereas in 1860"61
for some
time the rate.
that, as implied by its name
athsira,"was
the loss of fodder was
more
However, in 1868-69
generalthan during
was
the
"
the
previousfamine.
Several
relief.
considerable
Amongst
are
the State
the Kankwarf
The
tawar
Sheodau
Sagar.
public garden was
Singh during the last famine.
Bharut
Bikanir.
that
these
buildingsin
seed is not
grass
Mota
sawank
grass
and
these visitations.
seed
the
resource
what
the
their
originto
famine
laid out
in times
chiefly(at least in
makara, are
owe
of
scarcitythat it is in
and after
localities),
people mostly depend on during
some
100
CHAPTER
REVENUE
AND
VI.
EXPENDITURE.
IN Ulwur
September.
year
of the
much
sioned
occa-
revenue
and
expenditurefrom
"
t Farohi
calendar
year
inconvenience.
inflicted
The
Sambat
from
the
sale
of
strayed
cattle ; also
fines
The
are
Land
of
principalheads
Customs
The
"
expenditurewill be
connected with
directly
more
touched
the
on
palace
Darbar."
Regarding
Revenue.
and
revenue
establishments
under
102
the Land
Revenue,
in 1868-69
contract
IY.
Then
grainand
levied so
taxed, internal duties were
Customs.
that goods could not be conveyed from
to
one
pargana
did
and
toll
clear
that
not
another without
one
paying toll,
another,so
the same
goods might have to pay several times.
In 1869-70, when
grain dues were
temporarilyabolished,but the
contracted for was
Rs. 90,500.
same
system prevailed,the sum
In 1870-71
reforms were
begun, and a check on collections by means
252
counterfoils was
of passes
and
which
base
to
Now
pays
been
other articles
Appendix
120,000.
see
Rs.
was
had
action
The
railway seems
spiteof the loss
of salt
details of customs,
the
The
"spiritdrunk
see
pie
on
whole, to
which
"
abolished
253
been
was
raised from
duties
has been
2^
for Rs.
on
pleted.
com-
Grain
to 29.
internal
sold
was
annas
have
duced,
re-
to
135,000.
revenue
in
it entails.
Trade."
is distilled from
were
from
maund
of system
for 1873-74
of transit dues
Customs
reduced
(which has
contract
For
been
of
the tariff
likely,on
sufficient information
obtained,a change
have
fee
registration
only a
entirelyabolished
After
instituted.
been
articles taxed
the
were
in
192.
the
(
of
Dark
kikar
the
103
That
(Acacia arabica).
annas
sold
bottle,the
is of two
weaker
qualities,
at
Abkari.
annas.
brands.
privatestills and
have
Thakurs
single contractor,who
disposed of to a
appoints sub-contractors.
of shops open.
have
been
Account
has
Canals
Revenue
has
There
dwelt
reference
"
only
licence to sell
about
pays
not
under
on
The
been
Rs. 7000
check
any
Irrigation."
to the
the
on
The
Siliserh and
liquor is
it, and
for
number
entry
in
the
the
Canals.
_,,
Ghat
i
canals.
Salt
yieldsa
very
small
revenue
it is touched
under
on
"
Mines
Minerals."
The
and
Salt.
remark
same
iron furnaces.
are
strawberries
Of
"
Banyans
The
in
vegetables, the
"arm,"
"
sometimes
koela"
"
of
"
and
"
and
great plenty.
finest
the
are
ghiya."
"
karelas
The
also
are
land,usuallywood
cucurbitaceous
"
leguminous,
kinds, known
sim
"
and
as
tordi."
"
remarkably good.
and
reserves, which
fifty-fivein
are
regarded
special property of the Darbar, are
w
an"igame
They are termed
number, and 367,758 Wghas in extent.
bannfa.
runds, and those in which wood alone is preserved,
in Thana
Ghazf
Tahsfl, are let to the neighbouring
Some, especially
for the large quantity of grass prohas no
the Darbar
as
use
villages,
duced
as
tracts
grass
the
part of the
in that
The
number
In
the
area
In
of runds
Ulwur
state.
and
Tahsil
follows
bannis
are
as
there
are
17, having
"
total
of
Ramgarh
Settlc
biRahs
151,668
.
x5,
area
1,853
104
Runds
In
"
Lachmaugarh
3,
Tijara
4,
Bahror
2,
2,
"
Kishengarh
Bansiir
Govindgarh
Thana
Rajgarh
are
kept
regarding each wood and
Office. A boundary
in the Revenue
Survey.
these
reserves
established
were
The
State.
Bakhsh.
head
of this
number
of
37,765
"
,,
"
"
82,510
74,008
Raj cattle.
will be found
was
by M.
west
recorded
made
ment
by the Settle-
R.
Partap Singh.
and
exist
of
south-west
in
all
parts of
is
department
Darogha Sheo
(mutasaddis) keepers
for the protection and
(phirwAls)maintained
at
person
him
Under
the
"
125
of each
map
reserve
grass
1,567
"
886
12,858
"
exclusivelyfor the
Details
of
1,
12,
9,
Ghazf
"
Most
2,
"
"
bfglias.
2,048
area
2,472
Katumbar
,,
Settle,
....!,..."
"
,,
Bannfs.
and
are
writers
and
(rtindias),
rangers
Disposal of
wood.
and
fodder
by
reserve
and
is collected
certain amount
given
of
grain and
the neighbouring villagesof each
cesses
from
for other
Wood
small
to be
agricultural
purposes
is
suppliedat
the
followingprices:
"
Es.
Clod-leveller
of
"
stand
Well-wheel
"
Mahchak,
which
on
Where
wood
Uncut
fuel
"
(Mez) of
babul
"
.
has
khejra"
(Ddhna kacha)
(Ddhna pakka)
the well-masonry
stands (Dhak
been
"
charged to
abounds
the
An.
.14
Rs. 2
railway
at
axe
from
is levied
Rs. 2-8
.08
.50
.28
for
this) 5
from
to
the cutters.
Rs. 10
the
100
maunds.
grainper bigha has been taken, and the same, plusa bundle
erection for crop-watchers.The village chamars
donchi,"
a
supply
shoes to the rangers, for which they receive the bark of trees in exchange. Rangers,
of marriages, and
occasions
they have other
on
"c., also get food from villagers
where
wood
to vary in different places. In some
localities,
advantages, which seem
and pricesare
is near, cesses
and where no considerable town
lower than
is plentiful,
those mentioned, and
people are allowed to cut wood for burning lime and for other
times
Villagersare usuallynot prohibitedfrom pickingup dead wood, but somepurposes.
the
allowed
wood
servants
about
6
maunds
and
is
at
it
sold
are
Raj
rupee.
leaves from
the reserves
dhdk
for marriages,
"c., but specialpermissionhas in each
For
fencing,5
of fodder
case
to be
for
seers
"
obtained.
of
or
(
The
"
kinds
Forests"
of
105
grasses
have
been
and
detailed
about
under
their
uses
something
"Vegetable Products,"
added.
value
comparative
The arrangements for cutting and storing the grass vary.
In some
half.
In some
the cutting
placesthe zamindars employed to cut it receive
is apportioned off to certain neighbouringvillages,who
receive on
an
the
1
Us.
for
maunds
25
on
Occasionally
completing
operation.
average
the cuttingis performedthrough a contractor.
sustained from the jungle fires in the hills,
Heavy losses are frequently
which spread to ricks in their neighbourhood.
For Nazul, see "Administration," page
115.
The Ulwur
well maintained
stables were
Of the
by the late Chief.
16
3
of
Walers.
The
best
the
riding-horses, are Arabs,
remainder
out of country mares
are
by Kattiawar and Arab
of sugar, ghee, and
sires. The cost, owing partlyto the large allowance
milk to the foals and best horses,and partlyto general mismanagement,
and
and
in the time
was
The
reserved
for the
friends
the second
them
in
are
riding-horses
kept
are
stables
have
of the
use
in
present number
twice what
classes.
three
stables
is 99
near
the
for
them
Khdssa
and
built
it is at present.
The
first includes
those
and
Chief,called Kkdssa,
all the
third contains
and
been
about
palace in the
the
near
first
kept
those
inferior horses.
city,but
fine
of
spacious
breeding paddock.
class,20 second
for his
Most
Their
class,160 third
class.
68 in number
are
: 14
Walers, the rest country.
are
carriage-horses
in the citycontains 48
They are kept in the city. A large coachhouse
The
(1876) the
now
The
stallions
are
"
foals number
1 fine
are
very
some.
hand-
Rajd Bakhta-
107.
thoroughbredEnglishhorse,1 Arab,
tiawar,
5 Kat-
1 Waler.
mares
There
Arab,
are
3 fine
for such
Ulwur.*
State
as
small
number
(
Cows
and
bullocks.
There
the
are
106
followingcattle
at
present
"
274, of which
Kana
Kath
f Rath
Bullocks
of the
I Cart
49
are
imported
Nagorf
breed.
90
( 1st class,203)
Cows
34V
" 2d
408
.
(3d
171
394
Calves
Buffaloes
186
buffaloes
Young
143
.
Stallions
2 ;
are
Nagori,
Gujaratf,6 ; Agra
bred, 1
There
Camels.
In the
breedingstud
She
about
are
1448
country, 5.
camels.
"
497
camels
.
Sdnds,
or
covering
622
Young
working
For
for
males
"
(Maharaja'sprivate)
or
riding
Burden-bearing
1. Khdssa
2. Sawdfi
193
122
the
always kept ready for use, the rest roam
from
lage
hills during the rains,and afterwards
village to vilthey are taken
Over
there
each
20
each
at
to graze, staying only one
place.
day
each 200.
is a keeper, called a " Gwdl ; " and a " Thokd"r
over
were
Formerly there was no separate body of police. The Thanadars
About
camels
50
are
"
under
very
Police.
them
Thanadars
from
been
to Us.
formed
sepoys.
besides
An
the
best
separate service
men
from
receive
now
Us. 30
40, and
obtainable
borrowed
were
on
efficient
who
are
His
Mfnas
chiefly; and
is Us. 100
having
For
Court."
taken
the
the
The
place of
statistics of crime
the black-mail.
and
the
work
of
the
police,see
"
Criminal
(
The
is
army
classes
composed
107
ing
of the followartillery,
cavalry,and infantry
of
Army.
"
Pathans
Shekhs
1860
292
Ulmir
Foreign
630
Saiyads
Moghals
Musalinans
650
320
140
.
360
Khdnzddas
"
Meos
12
Others
40
800
Nanikas
Chauhdns
2342
546
Ulwur
Rdjputs
Foreign
Shekhdwats
150
Dahas
130
Bankawats
100
Others
758
Brahmins
Other
Ulwur
172
Hindus
Foreign
"
150
Bargiijars
"
1580
600
200
Rdhtor
"
3 Eurasians
870
Naiks
250
Giijars
170
Minds
150
Others
315
Total
The
detail of corps
Horse
"
Camel
Foot
"
Foot
18
"
28
"
with
181 men,
1 Nakdi
Rissdlas.
1695
"
guns
equipped. Pay
and
Rissdla
Paltan, 605
to
(abouthalf Rdjputs)and
men
men
"
men
one-fourth
are
men
most
"
numerous
in
and
fair order.
of which
of
and
of which
Rs.
5 to Rs. 5-8.
numerous.
3065
men
garrisons,
are
Rajputs, of
Shekhs
Pay
rank
file from
Musalman,
chiefly
"
Rs. 15.
Pay
one-fourth
Rajptit,
Khdnzddas.
1300
most
horses.
horses.)
nearlyall Musalman,
"
nearlyhalf are
Bakhtdwar
Paltan,356
fort
Rs. 5-6.
(Shekh,Pathan),one-third Brahmins.
Paltan, 350
Shekhs
(chiefly
Rajputs,of which Nariikas
1295 horses.
(Horsessuppliedby
men
Rs. 4-10
101
"
Rs. 5.
with
one-third),
about
Musulman
34
61
Khds
with
"
"
Rajput
Fatah
men,
Raj.) Pay
"
follows
form
INFANTRY.
as
companies are
(chiefly
Musalmans).
ARTILLERY
CAVALRY.
and
6795
500
Pathans
Pay
of which
which
245
Nanikas
and
Brahmins
are
the
most
from
Rs.
to
about
artillerymen,
are
and
700
are
the
Musalmans, of which
numerous,
Rs. 3
Chauhdns
with
but
chiefly,
218
some
guns
tween
be-
(
Bahadar
Naiks
Khas
or
83
levy
men.
62
Sultan
Barchi
ka bera
Singh
108
(spearmen)
half Sepoy)
Shikari,
(half
bardar
(M. R's. orderlies)
Minks
Khdnd
Tosha
over
in
are
tahsils
Ex-bardars,
47
"
35
.
"
56
"
13
.
"
"
"
"
bardAr
called bardars,30
drawing
now
tahsils and
Jagirhorse,which
forts,41
serve
Rs.
at
pay
in
men.
men.
men
generationsago.
two
was
The
given
of the
most
ones
are
of brass, cast
six-pounders,and
larger than
work
can
artillery
are
guns
recent
more
The
their guns
Four
at Ulwur.
much
most
were
light ones
mutinies, but
after the
None
of
the
smaller.
well
sufficiently
for the
purposes
of
the Darbdr.
of the
cavalry are
With
not.
the
There
are
called
"
called
"
The
few
persons
included
pay
publicworks department
Rs. 300
Public
"
Administrative
Establishment,"
Rozinadars," who have no fixed duties ; and fewer still who are
pensioners,"and receive a small allowance.
Kothi
Dasahra
is the department which
supplies all kinds of
clothes,cloth tents, carpets, and is under a specialsuperintendent,
whose
The
under
month.
varies from
is under
The
50
to Rs.
100
scientific engineer,who
works.
m.
Rs.
mouth.
receives
years.
J
under
it work
the precious metals,
in
(kdngars)
and
wood.
copper, iron,brass,ivory,
The
silver and gold-smiths are
nine in number, and
receive from
Rs. 4-8 to Rs. 30-8.
They engrave and work skilfullyin gold and silver,
artisans
(
The
annual
average
charge to
no
Rs. 50-2.
was
prisoner
Rs. 17-6-3.
average annual earningper prisonerwas
The total earningsof the prisonersfor the year was
Rs. 7739-8.
The
The
average
annual
The
average
annual
:
jailguard consists of the following
Subadar, 1 ; Havildars,6 ;
Sepoys, 119; Bhisties,3; Jamadar, 1 ; Naik Havildars,
5; Writer, 1;
1.
Khalassu,
The
"
The
cost of the
guard is Rs.
9140
annum.
per
Each
On
of
prisoners
The
every
of
custom
of the birth
favoured.
but
jail,
There
1876, had
been
is now
Half
convicted
released.
certain occasions
is still practised,
so
prisonersin
jailin February
the sentenced
of
were
in
son
(March
now
are
untried.
46
but discrimination
of
seer
robbery or
prisonersin
theft of
some
the
kind.
Thus
"
ous
frequent,but thefts are at present much more numerthere
has
been
than
a great improveterritory,
although
ment
of
former
state
the
on
things.
is situated at Rajgarh, occasionallycoins a few
The mint, which
native rupees, called
Hali," but the advantageof a single
Mint
and
coinage.
which
is sure
in
the
and
that one
not to be
State,
coinage
felt ; so that the
debased, and which is current outside it,is generally
The
almost
British copper
is now
British rupee
exclusivelyin use.
be
convenient
than the
also acknowledged to
coins are
more
infinitely
tions
takkas,"which representedawkward fracheaps of cowries and heavy
of an anna,* and the value of which was
always fluctuating.
So,
Homicide
in
is not
British
"
"
4 cowries
2
gandas(3 dams)
ganda.
1 damri.
4 damris
1 adhela.
2 adhelas
pice
From
18 to 23 takkas
pice.
1 takka.
1 rupee.
(
September
between
coin
to
has
of
State
the
purchased
latter
the
The
been
Baniyas
Rs.
have
prefer
classes
more
cowries,
and
the
There
only
are
General's
Agent
Jaipur.
The
old
takka,"
vakils
two
of
pay
the
except
of
agents
or
Rajputana,
of
pies
take
not
and
the
vakils
is
has
this
Pies
full
their
at
sellers
the
Darbar,
with
of
80
grass
Rs.
to
with
used,
but
believe
no
fuel.*
the
Governor-
of
Resident
the
are
and
one
should
par
value.
profit
circulation.
at
pice
copper
at
in
put
as
of
State
portion
any
as
Rs.
been
well
the
other
from
the
by
back
receive
to
requires.
will
"
of
worth
30,000
Government
whole
ready
it
Rs.
1874,
1st,
British
The
always
than
prefer
now
the
cent.
per
is
October
and
from
25
Treasury
public
1873,
1st,
111
150
month.
There
in
376
are
Kacherri
Rs.
The
is
rest
of
made
to
is
Rs.
officials.
in
and
to
These
total
almost
all
the
passing
from
This
ceased
in
grants
in
vary
aid
from
Rs.
there
was
large
was
putanawa
2500.
is about
gry,
hun-
and
even
up
to
funeral
and
marriage
Rs.
For
Bihdrijf,
present
Radha
Ulwur
currency
Goviudji,
see
Brij
agreement,
Nandji,
the
Mungana
expenses
3000,
rnora
for
Gifts,
or
en-
1868.
A.D.
of
blind,
lame,
dole
Raj
North,
temples
on
tahsils
the
Rs.
receives
spent
halt,
Lachmangarh
at
grants
the
religious
re-
Rajgarh
sum
favoured
bazaar
Ulwur
at
and
28,000,
travellers
devoted
The
Dwarka
at
the
temple
sums.
Mathura.
sum
deoji
small
in
so
the
in
Ranis
by
One
temple
Govind
Formerly,
numerous
towards
each.
3000
receive
travellers
the
Barah
This
in
built
temples
The
temples.
to
three, f
Jagannath
7000.
for
and
these,
the
distributed
Rs.
dole
benefit
and
Brahmins
Rs.
the
Brahmins
about
ka
receive
600,
40,000.
daily
Of
3600,
receives
to
number,
square,
Rs.
ceives
Rs.
allowances
are
all
page
to
Sri
193.
Khrishu.
"c.
CHAPTER
VII.
METEOROLOGY
rainfall
THE
of the
From
1st
last
five
Ulwur
at
years
1871
April
SANITATION.
AND
March
31st
to
has
been
follows
as
1872
"
inches.
15'48
.
1872
1873
34-68
"
1873
1874
.
be
may
said
country
that
hilly portion,
offer
the
has
open,
its harder
continuous
29-20
with
soil.
the
in
its
pleasing change
is 1000
feet
above
just
months
to
the
rains
the
city
of
the
State, where
lower
residents
"
Speaking
temperature.
rocks, and
burning
the
of
part of the
hot
During
statistics
northern
27-38.
"
1876
"
no
region
higher
points
that
and
east
of
the
below.
plain
is at
Ulwur,
soil is
light
and
the
than
the
it
cool,
are
with
and
fort, which
upper
quite
season
of
west
hills
The
it
generally,
temperature
average
the
in the
five
years,
23-18
.
1875
are
"
1875
"
There
for
22-05
"
1874
Average
"
agreeable
an
sanitarium.
The
State
generally
The
Diseases.
There
are
Kajgarh.
trees, and
round
furnished
with
the
treated
at
1874.
There
year
three
That
1874.
is
healthy,
following
at
it
has
were
23
major
and
has
1584
commodious
female
appliances.
report
They
State.
and
dispensaries
official
the
in the
comprises
male
all necessary
three
is from
dispensaries
Ulwur
particularly the
more
The
risen
minor
for
average
from
"
of
Ulwur,
Tijara,
buildings
in-patients,
daily
183*69
portion.
at
are
set
ward
northern
in
number
1871
operations performed
and
arranged
and
of
to
is well
patients
218-8
during
in
the
There
alone
23,910
were
said
are
be
to
vaccinations
in
opposed
openly
"3
to
1874
it,
against
and
7299
occasionally
in
Rajputs
1871.
real
Vaccination.
...
of
appreciation
In
but
both
in
local
Lachuiangarh
exceptionally
buffaloes
..
it
few
very
special
wallow.
common.
is
manifested.
localities,
complaints
Kanwari
are
for
not
Bahror,
and
The
people
often
instance,
the
complained
villages
attribute
where
it
drinking
There
of.
guinea
to
the
dirt
worm
of
is
water
are,
bad
however,
is
said
tanks
in
to
which
be
CHAPTER
VIII.
ADMINISTRATION.
FOR
the
Government
administration
of
Revenue
Agent
arise.
The
who
members
in
sat
Mangal
the
Singh
Singh
Garhi
Thakur
;
the
appeals
consists
500
1876)
of
Singh
which
Rupnarain,
"
Political
was
and
vision,
super-
importance
Pundit
are
four
month.
general
of
of
Appellate
the
exercises
questions
Impey
Baldeo
In
hears
Agent
Thakur
Rao
;
Srichandpura
acts
as
of
official, who
an
from
appeals
Rs.
to
up
Session
Gopal
his
1000,
Rs.
Civil, and
500
Nazul
years' imprisonment,
two
regards
as
receives
Criminal,
the
involving
cases
property
Court
by
over
criminal
affecting
cases
He
presided
He
month.
courts.
other
is
Court
Appellate
final.
to
council
Pai.
of
The
and
Captain
when
council
of
all
Chief,
Rs.
from
expenditure,
the
council
300
(September
present
at
This
Rs.
hears
decides
usually
and
considers
It
ordinary
sanctions
Court,
from
of
minority
appointed.
was
President.
is
the
during
receive
who
members,
Political
The
State
the
of
decision
is
beyond
cases
ordinarily
the
of
power
Fanjdar.
The
Court
Revenue
w^"
Malsadar,"
"
or
is
presided
superintends
generally
by
over
Collector,
Deputy
connected
everything
with
the
Revenue
Court.
zamindars
against
aided
"c., and
by
work
of
out
statistics
also
for
the
of
hands
the
suits
based
lent
money
of
work
it
is the
head
the
enable
Revenue
has
land
pay
settlement
has
the
during
would
be
hears
of
their
to
The
lately done
claims
and
them
Court
He
revenue.
mortgages
on
to
collector.
deputy
assistant
an
especially the
more
revenue,
land-rent,
He
taken
that
years
for
is
much
so
four
value
no
for
money-lenders
revenue.
last
of
suits
general
comparison.
The
Faujdar
Court.
fine
imprisonment
who
Tahsildars,
Rs.
20.
There
The
have
following
or
is
to
power
is the
Rs.
ordinarily
Rs.
of
30
Court.
Criminal
and
year's imprisonment
Criminal
months'
the
of
no
fine.
appeal
imprisonment
criminal
fine, or
300
The
statement
He
one
from
Faujdar
up
to
for
year
his
month
1874-75.
more
sentences
hears
one
to
sentence
can
appeals
and
one
in
lieu
up
to
from
fine
of
six
the
up
to
In
was
3090
was
is the
the state in
of the
originalseat
number
stolen,aggregatingUs. 57,000.
about
repairat
presentchiefs of Ulwur.
730, of which
Raj
expense,
In
491
property
10,230.
recovered,aggregatingUs.
This
in
property
cases
115
about
and
480
are
of the
at
to
buildingsbelonging,
Rajgarh, the
buildings
Nazul.
These
at Ulwur.
latelyattempts have
160
been
of these
made
in the
are
kept
Public
whose
decisions
an
Rent
of
lies to the
appeal
was
AppellateCourt.
The
income
"
504
buildings
w
and
Registration
titlesfees in Ulwur
and
Rajgarh
5844
of the
(
The
officer
who
presides
there
is
The
for
usually
in
value
has
Court
hear
to
power
amount
may
to
1873-74
have
the
hear
to
The
Court.
In
50.
officer
judicial
The
power
Civil
Rs.
exceeding
cases
appeal.
no
Tahsildars
them
Appeals
to.
civil
all
be
can
cases
receives
to
up
following
is
the
below
cases
Rs.
Rs.
that
300
of
statement
month.
appeal
An
100.
amount
civil
lies
cases
:"
Treasurer
The
is
both
accountants,
who
merchant,
wealthy
Hindi
watch
Persian,
and
his
appoints
the
agent,
while
disbursements,
and
Treasu
The
account.
which
organise
each
Civil
Court.
made
from
their
whatever
cases
Civil
the
over
116
may
much
heading
budget
be
check
great
readily
pains
is
on
taken.
were
daily
ascertained.
expenditure
added
The
up,
so
is
the
expenditure
extravagance
Budget
up
or
system,
to
erroneous
date
to
under
mates
esti-
The
is the
Dasdhra
see
At
"8
Tod's
Rajisthan."
to a garden,where
procession
the firstthere is a
Rawan
"
is gone
playswith
images of
Shiv
Parbatti
and
E. goes
red powder.
carried to several
are
"
M.
the
Gangor the
the
procession,
placesin
court
book
any
The
in
"
Rajputana.
too, is chieflydue
armoury,
Armoury
(suiah khdnd). Curi0sities.
known
are
to Banni
shields of great
knives,and
weapons
is remarkable
There
far and
wide.
number
A
Camp
and
equipage
boating
"
es-
several boats
up,
with
of double
-r
"
shamianas
grand Darbar
are
kept.
There
illumination*.
are
and
tent
no
Menagerie.
present there
are
"
kinds
various
On
is maintained.
firework-makers
/.
of
small
the lake
are
tents.
kept
^
One
of Silleserh
occasions.
and
",
placeon
the taste of the
menagerie depends upon
birds, foreignand others,and a
good many
chief.
few
At
wild
beasts.
The
tosha khdna
is the
other
under
"
foreignfruits,such
cures
jasmine
atar,"and
"
used
little
from
comes
"
"
atar
of
kinds, native
and
manufactured
perfume
The
roses.
keora, or
is chiefly
pine,perfume
screw
Jaipur.
dogs
of various
leopards,lynxes, and
hunting
European;
Jchdna, contains
shikdr
hunting establishment, or
The
The
grapes, "c.
as
Hunting
establishment.
hawks
Wrestlers
in
another
one
paid highly
sometimes
are
famous
having
in Ulwur.
Chiefs
(palihvdns) in
athletes
often
vie
with
their
"Wrestlers.
service.
The
is often maintained
This
who
of
gets
without
The
cooks
direct
as
upon
Brahmins
are
who
official,
an
is looked
dishes before
") tests
by
presidedover
touching, often
Chakku
(called
"
is
in Darbar, and
seat
Gunfjan kh"na.
great expense.
establishment
importance.
mans,
at
they are
ROMOIOT
Kitchen,
Musal-
preparation of
served
styled Diwan,
person
Nais.
and
the
is
lest
dishes.
they should
taster
contain
poison.
ARISTOCRACY.
The
in
old
aristocracyof
their ancient
preserve
principalold
prestige; and
Naruka
families
was
and
"
the
that
the
chief ; and
"
twelve
As
of
two
the
It
Lalawat
of the
"
of which
of
the Narukas
Kallian
from
Singh's
Raja
son
the
has been
of
Naru,
Singh belonged;
Singh are called
Kallian
the Maharao
Kallian
south, where
to which
only
extent
to some
in the
originof
descended
families
body
The
state survive
the Chauhans
shown
was
the Ulwur
Narukhand,"
"
Narukas,
of Ulwur,
united
up
of Ulwur
descendants
is the
is called
the
the
"
twelve
service
be
the
land.
"
10
of
horse
seen
that
horses.
The
the
honour
assembling to determine
Ulwur,
specifythem in detail,
which
furnish to
they respectively
represents about
of the estates
some
being most
regarded as the one
as
"....
r
o
Pdra
.10
.
Thana
"
200
acres
are
very
of cultivated
nearly related
of
highestrank
)
}
j
to
the
Maharao
in the state.
Collaterals of Biiwar.
horses.
"
1
....
"
3
....
Bankri
....
or
Srlchandpura
which
small.
21
Lapala
Salimpur
Monpur
horses.
....
bittana
of
Thakur,
had
of
horses
state.
It will be
have
Chief
the number
of
Bijwdr
"
Kotrf
should
persons
togetherwith
the
heads
five thikanas
in
flourish.
13).
of the
ancestor
make
of the state,where
"
4
.
Collaterals of Pdra.
Collaterals of Khora.
Collateral of Palwa.
Collaterals of Pal.
Naril
Nanikas,
Dasa
had
and
raised
activityas
son, Dasa
second
to whom
a
in
rebellion
leader ; but
by
he
Amer,
and
prisoner. The
his home,
Dasa
release the
is
togetherand
lines which
had
so
he
merry
touched
the
Rani,
Ek
but
to
come
Sawan
Karam
Chaud,
was
"
He
has
another
him
murdered
at
when
cup
the
sent
for
Chief asked
Dasa,
Dasa
to
and
repeat the
"
passed
is
going
Tiger
him."
they
kai."
Sawan
One
do.
The
to
bitiyo,
jae
pakriyo
to
Who
son,
lines
sprouted,
gave
kept
(Sauwan
he recited others
Ji chorde
And
Raj
Raj
season
Duja Sawan
SiyaleNahar
Pirthwi
his
and
home-sick,
in their cups.
"
Whereupon
records
der."
reluctantly
agreed to
became
"
Dasawat
overheard
captive,which
na
pleasantTij has
But
dined
Pirthwi
repeatedthe
seed
corn
And
Raj's wife
gaddi.
page 46)
the
Pital sikh
"The
Chief
the Amer
the
come
"
Pirthwi
whom
couplet(quotedat
captured by
was
(page13),of
name
Naru
Dasa's
latter
121
was
other
families
But
of
Jaipur.
estate,and
they
of
stay and
protect them
halting
Maujpur,
peopleof the placeare said to have
As usual in
against the plunderingMeos.
settlements,the
Ram, has
in Ulwur.
position
is
as
high
of
were
Jaipur,and settled
Chauhans
The
them
invited
tradition of
the
the
new
near.
territorystretchingfor
42
under
kos
expelled. The
possessionwere
to
is
tract
the
Garhi
Its
Naruka
are
families called
chiefs from
on
necessary
an
the Lach-
establish
to
get
not
in
town
the
in
Nariikhand," and
of the Council
member
was
brought
"
treasure
said to have
are
who
the Bargnjars,
at
the
say that
legends
discovered, and
Nariikas
The
did
fight,
in the
not
were
Ulwur, the
pargana
family was
who
Ram,
When
Dehli.
off to
set
mangarh
such
and Anand
Ram
two, Abhe
"
Deska," because
home
they
(des)near
in Ulwur.
of the Raht
claim
connection
with
Pirthwi
Chauhins.
king
and
hero
Madan
in descent
Dehli
from
Madan
had
Musalman
and
received
Mandawar,
and
receives
three
of Chand's
Mandawar
sons
the title of
"
in 8.1227
Hansajf,whose
Rao.
of
allowance
poem.
His
Rs.
fifth
(A.D.1170). Halajf,
a
grandson Chand became
representativeis
1 1 00
cash, and
still the
Rao
of
holds
an
on
a village
petual
per(istimrdr).Kanhardeoji,the second, founded the familyof Barod.
His
descendants
hold no istimrdr,but 173 bighasof rent-free land and Rs. 173
now
the youngest, received the title of Raja for services
annual cash allowances.
Raj-deoji
performed. He settled at Nimrana, and when Chand of Mandawar, the head of the
ceased to be regarded as the principal
family,became a Musalman, Manddwar
seat,
but was
supersededby Nimrana.
settlement
The
Raja
determination
Nimrana
of
The
jdgirddrof
The
gave
Chief
of Ulwur
the Ulwur
trouble
declared
Darbar
and
the
ment.
British Govern-
the
to
the Ulwur
Nimrana
to be
mere
claimed
dependence
complete in-
For
historian
an
of this
account
Badauni
was
battle
in the
whether
Rajputs,regardless
see
Elliot's Musalman
battle,and
they were
with
friend
other
or
Historians,vol.
Musalmaus
exerted
The
p. 399.
himself
to kill
v.
foe.
Q
122
(
occasions of succession
agreed
maintain
in Nimrana
was
to be
was
to pay
was
The
Rs.
and
578, of 5th
with
18G8).
the Governor-General's
Agent.
entirelyfree,and
tariff for goods going to
regarded as a feudatoryof
estate
A.D.
the
The
clans
or
coming
Ulwur.
sub-clans
was
but
serves
to
Trade
Nirnrana.
no
Nim-
tribute Nimraua
was
1898.
its annual
which
is about
revenue
the
furnish
jagir
were
to have
was
from
The
tillA.D.
1868
and
Chief
the Ulwur
and
comprisesten villages,
24,000.
The
followingshows
horse.
from
June
Nfrnra'na
to be
Nimrana
No.
G.,
vakil at Ulwur
specialcustoms
rana
to
(see G. 0. G-.
to
portionof
or
the
"
Horses.
42*
18*
71}
111}
13
41
10
2
4
2
li
3
1
58
73
56*
70
4
33
The
"
"
T"zinis.
than the
State,and
some
have
been
conferred
by
Ulwur
Chiefs.
usuallyheritable.
Of the Jdgirddrs,seventeen
have tdzims,
Twelve Kotri Naruas follows :
kas, Bijwar,Pulwa, Para, Pai, Khora, Thana, Khera, Siichandpura. Ddsdwat Nawkas, Garhi (20 horses). Eahiors, Sal pur (28 horses),
Sukhmeri
(11),
Chamraoli
KankRasulpur (5). Bargujars Taising(4). Gors,
(24). Jddus,
wari (9),Mokandpura (3).
They
are
"
(
Nine
Thakurs
Thakur,
who
or
Rao
Mandawar,
of
The
the
Commander
extinct
Wai,"
"
The
and
descended
their
in
clan, of
Udi
Jaoli
also held
of
by the
Shahbad, the
Mewat, Shekhawats
in
Rajawats
already.
of the south-west.
Of
so
Karan,
(Bansiir
Tahsfl). They are branches
importanceto the north of Jaipur,and they
the
"Wai"
much
the
the
chief
same
of Amer
whom
the Narukas
claim
as
progenitor.
Rai
thus
from
these,the
in
border ; and
settled
are
are
Nawab
of Klianzadas
enough
Shekhawats
Tdzims
Of
thirteen Brahmins.
the western
on
tdzims.
consisted
aristocracy
the Khanzadas
has
Bakshi
123
Mai,
of
son
Shekhji,is
said to
have
been
Wai
families,
"
Hal.
Rai
!
r
Snjajf.
(Descendants settled
"
i
Jag Mai.
(Descendants in Hamfrand
Hajipur, of
pur
Bansiir.)
Bealisi,"pargana
Tej Mai.
(Descendantsin
in
pur and
of
Bansiir.)
parganas
Garhi
of
Narain-
Mamur,
Bansiir.)
At
"
The
ruled
Raja Bhagwant
Rajawats, descendants
of
tract which
forms
in the
now
the
Singh
Ghazi
Thana
of Amer,
formerly
Tahsil ;
OFFICIALS.
Of officialfamilies
Gor
Brahmins
Rajas,and
Missar.
Ulwur
The
put
the tillak or
officiate at their
Pdrik
Brahmins
Vishnu
house,but
are
also Gurus.
frontal mark
marriages. They
of Macheri, the
bear
old
the title of
home
of
the
of the Darbar.
parohitsor familypriests
is
the
Kama
Gosain of
hereditaryGuru or spiritual
guideof
of
of
devotee
and
follower
a Jogi,or
a
Shiv,
Shakti, or
Devi,
family,are
the
the
124
(
There
bards
no
"
Bikanir
Gazet-
01
teer."
titleof"
known
Though
is
Khawas," whjch
generallyas
honourable
an
"
chelas,"the special
Khawas
distinction
enablingthe
bearer
rent
by only five. Ramu, the faithful minister and adheand Banni
of M. R. Bakhtawar
Singh, is the slave most distinguishedin
was
historyof the State. His family hold a valuable rent-free grant. KhaSheo
Baksh, Superintendent of stables,woods, "c., is at present the
to
the
mark.
chela of most
in
When,
assignedfor
the expenses
of Administration
of the
palace,the
and
established,
was
fixed
late chief
neglectedto supply
of the household
to a number
maintenance
slaves,who appliedto the Political
of support. The
Council
thought the opportunitya
Agent for the means
good one for permanently reducing the number of slaves in the palace,and so
the cause
of much
evil.
It
far diminishing the servile influence which was
was
consequentlydetermined that the complaining chelas should either leave
Fort garrisonsepoys.
This
the service of the State, or enter the army
as
resented as a cruel wrong.
They
attempt to confer freedom upon them was
leave it they
to live in the cityof Ulwur, and
had always been accustomed
It was
declared they would
not.
only after a long time, and after every
of
the
decision
Council had failed,
the
that they partially
effort to change
yielded.
sum
The
Bakhtdwar
stricken
always
It
turned
set aside
that
out
on, instead
came
When
parts
all was
of
gone
the
regularlyset
apart
without
he
had
been
for
in the
begging.
displayedand evoked,
of
their
master
of
habit
subjectingthemselves
disgrace of
Deorajpura.
the
to
Bakhtslwar
that he
fine tank
it.
of the
the
flour which
head
kept
him
manual
was
at
of
his
enabled
were
fraction
of
receiving,and
Singh
noticed
He
terrible
famine, M. R.
the
Fort, and
that
of
they
body
it
so
labour
people in
received
to
earn
equal
enabled
to
him
search
their
the
famine-
Marwdr
lagers
vil-
pay
Charan.
the
the
famine
to his
ryots.
food.
of
When
dailybread, they
fraction
and
the
in lieu of
reserved
and
the
under
they belonged to a
turning his stored
he left his villageat
they reached
which
that
interesting. During
upon
proportion
said
is
of the
employed
fixed
grants
construction
were
questioned they
when
and
all
from
of these
his
untrained
of
the
family to
crop
live
the
they
to,
had
pleased with the generositythe Charan
Ulwur, and eventually he received the village
so
were
or
to
PART
FISCAL
THE
Ulwtir
State
where
hand,"
and
"
is situated
of
part
of
parts
"
the
In
Brij
added
be
Most
"
and
"
The
fiscal
will
found
at
"
the
of
Kasim
Tii"ra
the
the
the
in
now
the
123.
are,
and
the
tirely
en-
Raja-
Ulwur
State.
which
corner,
Bhartpur,
old
and
the
its
believe,
Narukas
territory of that
and
Wai,"
"
121.
south-east
Naruk-
"
121,
page
of
is
together with
State.
tracts
comprised
within
specified at
were
39, and
page
statistical
DIVISIONS
Gurgaom
and
Jaipur,
the
TAHSILS.
OR
district
Ulwur
of
Tahsil
British
of
territory,Kot
Kishengarh
It
is
Tahsil.
.,
and
extent,
has
kanungoes,
is
There
The
are
composed
the
199
fiscal
Caate
formerly
and
formerly Indor
.-"
the
of
""
heart
""-"*-
of
population of about
Tahsil
The
.a
situated
202.
of
principal
187.
page
of
pages
in the
present subdivisions.
Tahsils
adjoins the
Tijara Tahsil
the
country?)
Tahsils, the
the
with
is
forms
NORTHERN
The
"
Mewat,
establishment
at
on
country
of Mewat,
Dang
or
the
included
described,
(savage
of
Kater
"
account
divisions
be
"
of
are
aristocracyof
dwelt
little district
of
the
following
much
I. ; the
chief
are
Raht
"
Much
Jaipur.
specified together
are
details
in
Kater."
"
country
but
Ulwur,
should
these
page
history
live, was
The
12.
(valley ?) and
in
situated
each
Mewat,
and
Part
of
Thakurs
"Rajawat"
the
Wai
"
The
wats
chief
with
"Eaht,"
Naruka
parts of which,
or
limits
the
beginning
the
at
the
connection
To
specified,and
were
sketched
were
one,
which,
tracts
VILLAGES.
TOWNS,
DIVISIONS,
position of
and
names
IV.
are
as
about
is
257
miles
square
in
52,000.
having separate
parganas,
The
northern
accountants
one
is
or
Tapokra,
Tijara,
(klidlsd) villages,
follows
Proprietors.
two
Mewat,
"
separate tahsildars.
southern,
fiscal
of
and
rent-free
(mnaffi)"
"
Tij"ra.
Tapokra.
Meo
56
65
Ahir
12
10
Jdt
Gujar
total
127
Rajput
Khanzada
14
Pathan
Saiyad
1
1
Mali
Mixed
10
castes
95
104
Uncomplimentary
character of the
the Meos
Of
clans contend
Tijarathe
are
Boundary quarrels
centre of the bed, not
the
The
old
the four
most
shown
remote
who
The
come
second
much
one
the most
either
to
page
191.
two-fifths
in Tijaraand Tapokra per Raj bigha (i.e.
prevailing
below. They will not be inserted under every tahsil but onlyunder
from one another,which
will serve
as
specimensof the whole :
rates
revenue
acre)are
an
untranslatable
statisticsregarding
the area, "c., see
For
of
and
"
and
China
have
the
same
rates
as
Uajra.
128
(
The
soil of the
is in the
There
south-west.
The
chief crops
land
is littleirrigated
most
Bajra and
are
grown
part very
inferior
pulses
the uncultivated
(masina),and
in
Tijara,less
than
The
bandh
darn of the
or
supplieswater to the principal
It
that under the fort and palaceof Balwant
little
than
covers
a
tahsll,
Singh.
more
1000
Settlement bighas in ordinaryyears; and the land within and near
the bandh
is of the best quality. The
from
this
bandh
stream
be
at
can
flowing
pleasure
of a
stopped by the dam
bridge of the Ulwur Tijara road and carried by means
drainageof
the
canal,constructed
probablethat
reachingthe
The
land
the
into
will
the
years
allowed
new
south-west
farther
but
bandh
of
the town.
for
utilised,
it is
It is
capable of
along its
to pass
north-west, whence
latelybeen
has
bandh
the
to
if undiverted
and
villages,
stream, when
to
rund
state
hereafter be much
of Shahbad,
large village
ordinary
where
1873,
of many
Tijara bandh
Tijarato
in
in
this water
natural
channel,flows past
of Tijaraturns
it
of the town
west
it flows
past the
constructed,from
which
of Mandana,
village
much
is
expected. At
Baghor on the Tijaraand Firozpur road a dam bridgehas been latelymade, intended
but to benefit the distressed village
of Baghor,and
not to bringin revenue
directly,
to facilitate traffic between
Small band/is exist but
Firozpur,Tijara.and Khairthal.
often require repairsor
renewal
at Bhindiisf, Bilaspur,Deotana, Chaondi, and
Nimli.
In the
much
small
with
might
The
which
is worth
village
Nogaon requiresattention.
apt
very
at
be
to
several
broken.
Dhiriawas
It is of
and
of the Tahsll
villages
Amlaki
littlebandhs
made.
income not
(thatis,village
the
the grazing of
eastern
of siwdi
notice is
yielded
at
and
of
advantagebe
only
bandh
village,and
Tapokra,
the
bandhs
item
the
pargana
importance to
other
are
Tapokra
at the
derived
from
border
hills.
last assessment
the rent
The
of
land)
it
amount
of the
villages.
have been regarded as common
to those villages,
villages
adjoiningsome
and no boundary lines fixed.
One
those near
set of such hills are
Indor
Gwalda, "c.,
in Tapokra. Another
those
are
lyingover againstRiipbas,Damdama, "c., in Tijara.
The Gol and Baghor hills of the same
are
a third.
pargana
is generally
In the neighbourhood of the hills water
a long way
Elsewhere
in the Tahsil it is usuallyfrom 20 feet
below the surface.
was
hills
The
50
to
feet.
The
Tijarais
of
climate
Climate.
the
of
a
Bengal
Shera
Landhawat
about
130
were
are
complained
Landhawats
say
ousted
The
the
chief
who
other Meo
Gorwdls
men
of.
they come
their
said to be the
were
of
disease,either
""
of
best
Tonwar
Rajput
about
Ghaserias
of
offspring
160
were
a
who
years
married
ago,
when
powerful
locally
Kbanzada
of
Sareta
is the chief.
of which
Nimli
They say they
They have four villages,
twenty-four, and held the eastern valleyfrom Shadipur southwards, but
by
Kachwaha
healthy,and
very
years
slave girl.
nilgde,and
at
ago.
formerly had
a
The
army.
"
Chauhan's
Musalman
and
little
is
cattle,
or
of
then
The
Landhawats.
Amber,
married
clans of
who
a
Tijara.
was
Dulots
are
said to be descended
excommunicated
daughter of
the
Indor
for
killinga calf
Khanzada.
from
the
in mistake
Bulots
and
son
for
Dadwals
of
a
(
In
several
papers
called
tahsils the
of the
mudzinas
documents, which
These
of
129
will
pargana
noticed under
be
which
varying dates, of
each
tabsll where
the earliest is
any
(A.D.1531),and usually
were
compiledunder the direction of the imperialofficials. There are, however,some
dates of the Hindi era, and the papers bearingthem
of the time of Siwai Jai Singh.
are
Fasli
The Tijarapapers are dated 1192
(A.D.1787).
of Tijara,as recorded in the muazinas, is 149,520 bighas,and its
The
old area
exist,
are
which
regularsurvey,
each
old
known
care
of the first as
revenue
of the
revenue
average
and
1790
those
between
when
the Marhattas
A.D.
1794
Rs.
in power,
were
beginningfrom
result of the
the
bigha is
the Akbari
used
in
of
A.D.
was
"
The
100,337 dams.
1733.
Shah, i.e.,
A.D.
of Muhammad
Tijarapargana
A.D.
different from
As
imperialsurveyors.
within which
Shahjah4nabad(Dehli),
and
Indor
Tijdra,
(Tapokra)were
pargana
Suba
sirkar howeli
as
very
area.
of the
was
The
the
as
of the
statement
situated,givesthe
statement
gives 152,014
revenue
subdivisions
is not
measurement
testimony to the
this is
case,
An
the
This
Rs. 42,007.
jumma
937
H.
25,066.
1809, after Bakhtawar
of
Najaf
For
Khau's
the next
rule
"
five years,
Rs. 40,412.
was
the
With
accountant
pargana
official called
or
Kanungo
descendant
chaudri,a
of the
of
Tijara,is associated
turbulent
Khanzada
an
hereditary
of
one
the
bestows
zeb's time
The
are
Rs. 1500
that
It is said
portionof
"
and kanungo
chaudri
"
bestowinga grant
time
deed of Akbar's
worth
and
of
It is
to Tijarathat
peculiar
a
together.Indeed, grant of Aurangthem
in ndnkdr
(asmaintenance)conjointly.
of the Kanungo's familynow
resident at Dehli has a
usuallyspoken of
records.
town
on
member
his ancestor.
on
populationis 7400.
The
are
proprietors
Meos,
Ma-11 is,and
a school,
municipalcommittee,a dispensary,
TijdraandhisNext to agriculture
its principal
industries t^ofthedi8~
and a largebazaar.
are
weaving and paper-making.
It has
Khanzadas.
As
the
old
capitalof
and
Mewat
place of importanceup
to
recent
times
extended
notice. Hindu tradition tellsthat Tijarawas
Tijarais worthy of a somewhat
of
founded
Susar
and that its anson
Pal,
Tej
cient
by
MajitRaja of Sarehta (seeSarehta),
name
with
was
Tirgartag.
The
name
of
subsequent periods.
Baksli,to whom
Tahsfldar Makhdum
that
mention
of Tijdra is to
Saiyad Ibrahim, an
attacked Dhundgarh
officer of
near
be
found
Sultan
Tej Pal
am
in the
Mahmud
Jadu
occurs
indebted
Mirdt
of
in
nected
Tijaralegendscon-
for much
information,
says
ul
his
kinsman
Tej
R
Pal of
Rewdil
The
Masaiid
in
latter,
(seep.
of
Saldr
killed.
were
his
Their
tombs
in
and
the
near
battle,three
of
town
discipleSaldr
Tijdra
are
latives
renow
placesof pilgrimage.
The
principal shrine
of the
three
rise of
Khanzada
and
About
Bahlol
the
his
Firishta
reignof
the
to
amongst
built
who
is
was
the
a
be
to
ruined
He
had
of
governor
reputed
to be
treated
Tijdraby
Ndhar,
of.
the
Emperor
his.
Khan
of Tijara in the
was
governor
(A.D.1488-1517),perhaps the Alain Khan Lodi,
tion,
officersof distincamongst the emperor's forty-four
of
town
Aldwalpnr, the
of
mosque
Aldwaldm
mal
the
on
by
banks
a
name,
jas Gahla
remains
works
Other
Tijara.
steward, Gahla
a
"
as
is
Alain
one
founder
palace and
goods,that the
Alims
alreadybeen
of the emperor.
the
of the
east
bridge.
brother
fair is held
Lodi
is mentioned
thought
them
that
Sikandar
Emperor
established
Rukn
it appears
Alims, where
was
near
of Rukn
Tijdra,and
of
Khan
Tatar
largetomb
is that
festival.
in the
successors
856,
A.H.
Lodi.
From
Khdnzddas
Id
of
so
man
which
to
of
him,
which
nallah,over
lavish
be
can
attributed
are
a
of
his
he
master's
ka"
proverb
in the neighbourhood. Makhdum
Baksh
surmises
Gahla's) is still current
of which
is a strikingobject for miles
round
that a splendidPathan
tomb, the dome
the
of
built
other
of
Pathan
to
the town, was
sufficient rank
Alawaldin,as no
memory
credit
is known
For
The
division
be the
to have
saint
resident
in
Tijdra district
of the
Dehli
named
Tijara.
at
Hakims,
Ghdzf
time, see
Akbar's
Siiba ; and
headquartersof
of these
One
been
of Tijdra in Bdbar's
notice
lost
time
as
the
page
Gadan,
reign of
which
of its
some
Khdnzddas
great officer,
though
in the
6.
"
"
Hdkim
Shdhjahdn, built
received
importance.
subdued,
were
was
(ruler)
shrine
the
over
It became
ceased
to
town
always
the
is still in
resident.
grave
of
repute.
of
the
force,blew
themselves
up.
Two
his
of
of
Khdn, escapedthrough the interposition
In the time of the Emperor Muhammad
sons,
Moolla,
Shdh,
however, Muhammad
and
Ndr
their tutor.
the Jdt
leader,Churaman,
reached
131
But
Beg's army, part of which left him.
of fakeers,before whom
collected a number
he
determined
cloth with
twelve
the cursed
"
Musahib
and
Jowahir
Khan
Khan
The
another.
called upon
the
latter
Bdghoria Meos
to attack
it.
The
made
fought all
successful assault,and
day, and
Government
night retired to
at
From
garden.
discovered
the
After
two
this
Marhattas,
in tke
Imrat
was
him.
under
They
Rao
had
which
in
After
some
stuck
1805,
on
then
on
saved
the
been
Tijara,and
Hasan
In
the
of
one
dark
H.
Ulwur
Meos
parganas
and
Pundit
Husain
untied
of the Marhattas
in
them.
Mewat
Naud
were
Amils
as
they
were
girdles,
ground.
Appa Khanda
for the
rainy night,and
of
Sada
it is said
fall to the
the
their
maintenance
people stole
the town.
9-poundergun
His
troops
which
had
ants.
rallied his men, and drove off their assailand made
good the lost property.
revenue,
peoplebecame
manageable.t
Singh Maharao
1223
the hands
the
placed in charge
Ghuldm
and
Khan
near
were
he attacked
his camp,
He extricated a
him.
enemy,
burnt
it
submitted, paid
Bakhtdwar
rebellious.
took
Rai,
of
centre
courage
had
villages
A.D.
conferred
Thomas'
Meos
Tijdra on
the very
nallah,turned
The
In
reached
from
but
away,
stuck
very
He
troops.
the
by
quarter, levied
Biswas
again
Ghuldm
driven
was
Musahib
tomb
great Pathan
the
bullets
horse,"c.,
ran
Jats
Sher
and
in
was
During the periodthat Mewat
celebrated
Thomas
the
assigned
George
of his
a
twelve
or
Rao
at
were
that
invulnerable,so
ten
Hakim."
"
be
Kazees'
and
fort
this,however,
hidden
Baniyas
entered
the
other parganas,
was
populationwas
diaryof Muhammad
Chief's Diwan, took Indor (seeIndor),but there was
in H. 1229
for years, especially
(A.D.1814),when the
(A.D.1808
Raja of Ulwur,
; I give the date
but
from
the
Meo
the
measured.
was
was
t Skinner's
Life,vol.
i. p. 203.
195.
Ulwur, and
compelled to
pay
the money,
and
132
One
He
much.
Meos
oppressedthe
seat
to realise
who
was
an
he
for which
of Bakhtawar
son
Baksh
Ahmad
seized
insurgent,and, being
active
Singh, came
Meo
Khawani
of Lupala
to
death.
was
Jahaz,
by
put
Vakeel, held Tijara parKhan, the famous
iu
Balwant
1826
A.D.
Singh, illegitimate
other territories
with
which
Tijara,
to
was
conferred
was
issue.
He
lived at first iu a lofty,well-situated palace
legitimate
attached to it contains a comfortable
The
which
was
garden
EventuallyBalwant
bungalow,and the ice-house hard by still suppliesthe Darbar.
of
and
chief
fort
nence
residence
to
make
his
resolved
on
a
conspicuousemiplace
Singh
of
the town.
Very handsome
overhanginga gorge in the hills to the east
of
the
and
ruins
of
o
ut
a fine masonry
Alawalpur,
were
constructed,
chiefly
buildings
him
upon
his
and
adjoiningthe
dam
thrown
was
had
town.
reverted
territory
is
to
remain
buildingsalready mentioned
the eye
are
mosque
bank
the nallah
on
and
"
Lai
to the
Tijarah hills
The
the
who
design
in A.D.
1845, and his
Singh died childless,
his fort has been
tion
unoccupied,but the situa-
of
Khan
is not
in the
"
grand
remains
iu
of
holy disciple
about
a
Saiyad
the
and
in the
Alawaldln
Pathan
and
near
and
other
Tijarawhich
strike
tomb,
Ajmlr Khwajas,
the
same
distance
town, and
mile to the
to the
of Hasan
north,
Khan
south.
were
had
the
Singh
masonry
of
tomb
of Khanzadas
the tombs
whole
The
years.
city,the tomb
of the
north-west
formed.
was
Balwant
erections of Balwant
the
lake
and
commodious, so that it
buildingshandsome
left
a
Singh
good reputationbehind him
the
desolate.
Balwant
Since then
Ulwur.
attractive,and
to
likely
whereby
gorge,
completionwhen
reached
not
the
across
once
Tijarah Mils.
to gain and
efforts of emperors
the north-east border of the Ulwur
lie
along
running from
north to south.
Their
skirts
Their
slopesand
dhauk
and
bharut
road
are
other
grasses
are
often
faced
summits
useful
They are
by broken
nowhere
The
the summit
hills are
for many
They
double range
1350
feet
so
the
high.
defence.
browsing shrubs,while
abundant.
more
than
them.
sometimes
are
of
keep possession
State,arid form a
with
miles,and
connected
formerlya
principal
the
along
situated on
the hills.
strongholds(Indor,Kotila, "c.) which were
A causeway
Dhakpuri led from Kotila down into the open valley
by village
east of Balwaut
Singh'sbandh, where there are traces of several old towns.
the only road passableby
Through the southern part of this valleyruns
It
the
hills.
leads
of some
to
carts from
town
a
Tijara through
Firozpur,
importanceiu the Gurgaom district.
There
other passes for beasts of burden in the hills near
are
Tijara. The
best is that via villageArandh, in the valleymentioned
is
above, which
reached either by way of Balwant
the
Singh'sbandh, or by a passage through
firstrange of hills near
village
Alapur. This last passage must have been the
was
run
Khanzada
one
used
between
Kotila
and
when
Tijara,
both
were
importance.
placesof political
in the
SareMa,
is
said to
likewise
thence
from
have
in the
famous
town
come
miles east
four
valley,
same
134
first
hills.
It
said to have
are
is
reputed llajaof Tijara,
Meos
come
who
Khanzadas,
historyof
to
the border
under
Tijara,
of
that
assert
they sprung
Sarehta.
It is
only a
now
there
numerous,
and
from
ancient
some
in gateways
is
curious
and
ruins
the
old mosque,
building. It has
Hindu
Gwalior
at
village.The
Meo
poor
the
of
of
pillars
which
are
evidentlytaken
are
taperingbastions
narrow
it
observes
one
elsewhere.
Damdamma,
same
within
after Babar
had
Mandka,
conquered
them.
of
miles west
seven
people are
at Mandha
fort in the
for
time
matrimonial
village,
begun by
some
eighty years
houses
masonry
for four
Tapokra,
He
ago.
him,
and
to
five hundred
or
Khan
Faizulla
alliance with
the Tahsll.
have
connected
was
There
years.
of
Khanzada
Shahbad,
with the
offended
been
is
who
half-built
in power
was
Saiyadsfor
refusinga
destroyedtwenty-two
of their
(howelis).
where
there are
present headquartersof the pargana,
Peshkar
and kanuugo under the authorityof the Tahsildar
the
The
lished
estab-
its name
gave
under
to the
that
presentTapokra
in the
name
in ruins,though
Ain
which
pargana,
Akbari.
It is
of
spicuous
con-
lias
is indicated
almost
now
tirely
en-
of the most
important placesin
Mewat.
The
old ruined town
lies in a valleyof the border hills,
ten miles
The
east of Tapokra.
fort,which is occupied by a Raj garrison,is on
has shrunk
the hill range east of the old town, which
to an
insignificant
and
It
said
have
been
the
to
built by
to be very ancient,
village. is
Nikumpa
Rajputs.
Bahadar
After
of Mewat.
Nahar's
The
name
once
time Indor
of Jalal
one
to have
seems
Khan,
become
descendant
the chief
of Bahadar
hold
strongNahar's,
"
It is
before
said,I
Jalal Khan's
to pay
them
believe
their
election ; but
respects
Ulwur
that
erroneously,
to
their
instead.
on
some
chief,he
They
had
been
the
occasion,when
would
all left in
not
a
chief Khanzada
the members
appear,
rage, and
set
and
up
as
had
slave
town
bled
assem-
desired
their leader
(
who
Jaldl KMn,
wat
Khdnzdda
noble, whose
chief
it is of
in
as
function
"
the
by
emperor
in consequence
was
borne
from
sway
has
him
Narnol
domed
which
tomb
of
The
nobles
hills about
for camels
and
is derived
from
south
There
importanceat
Indor
in
the
below
; and
held
What
spoken of
It
fort.
is
the fort
Jhamrdwat
was
he refused,and
is said
have
to
General
ningham
Cun-
known
historically
about
some
in
the tombs
are
of
Mind
of
Jallu.
as
and
fifteen domes
or
the
of
it
ing
impos-
are
the
localityto
Shekhs
some
who
neighbourhood.
the Darbdr, and
by
covered
Musalman
is
forehead
Baunsrf.
to
name.
the
twelve
are
are
his
the Jhamrd-
Bikanir, of
Jaldl Khdn
northwards
He
of
time in the
one
Jdt
Labor.
at
and
in
struck
is to the
of Khanzada
memory
wall
Muttra,
near
were
structures.
of
Mdrwar,
in
Him
when
alive into
to
to
was
alreadydetailed (page4).
Jaldl Khan's
were
built
coins
has been
do
to
Gurgaom district.
impress the tika on
of
subsequentlythe Khdnzada
of
the
chief
to
Ulwur,
deposed
homage
and
ordered
it
Thdkur
Rahtor
in the
new
"
135
called
shrine
form
"dauk"
with
extensive
A
trees.
grazinggrounds
of Rs. 1200
revenue
Chandan
or
too.
moollah
of
records
not
better
"
Sirkar Ulwur
"
commissioned
assist certain
to
visited the
fort.
mentioned.
"
words
it
to the
name
is
The
small.
who
Rdjput
1810
near
chief of
south
from
have
carried
the
for
the date
time
The
R. Baktdwar
vid Gehrol
found
capturedit.
M.
and
Meos
Singh
H. 1223
i.e.,
"
was
himself
Kotila
and
in
were
event
already
in the
"
(built,
Masit.
-n
Meo
villagefive
a
Gasera,
in
miles
north-east
of
and
relics of the
mosque,
been
of the
hills.
wells which
were
It
great famine
the
thus
or
Bahddar
In
8.
1814
place,from
left
that these
as
were
(A.D.1757)
dread
unoccupied,and
of
very
fort at
the
"
Jewdno.
Dasotra,"he
In
erected
by
away
populationis
das,
Khdnza-
Singh,the
built
known
in the
dam,
swept
was
miles,and
still exist.
Rdja
Its
Tapokra.
Gurgaom district,who
magnificent bandh,"
Eastern
other
by Rdo
ousted
the
fragments seven
houses
The
"
flows
970,
H.
of
more
(A.D.1753),the year
a
Raj
dwal,
village.
said to have
are
of the
the
preserve
the
hill road
the old
by
ul
their
killa Indor."
contains
village
Jewdno
for two
one,
they
Rabi
dated
Ldl Diwdn
happy
very
servants
fatah
Mubdrikbdd
Jewdno
8.
Musalman
..
its
travelled
He
The
as
of
in that Sirkdr.
Nand
and
to educate
Chaudri
the
Khdnzddas
1808
hands,
own
and
proprietorship,
and
prayers,
they produced
insurrection
in A.D.
of Indor, and
possession
regarded by the Darbdr
to
their
seal,directs
the
they hold
summons
document
Akbar's
but
poor,
"
One
put down
to
are
Azdn," or
yet plough with
days.
bearingthe Emperor
and
Indor
to call the
do
They
children.
of
of
present Khdnzddas
The
maintain
great flood,-which
sufficient to
the Jdts took
cruel extortion.
their
owners
are
is said
to
supply material
Jewdno,
and
the
stantial
Twenty-two sub-
said
not
to
have
(
The
returned.
held in
present traders
are
his Rassaladar
jaglrby
new
nas
Kishengarh
Kot
Ka*iim
Mewat.
is in
)
In
men.
Balwant
130
Jewano
was
its north.
Jaipur on
Its
Singh'stime
Singh.
talisilwhich
of
Balw"au t
217
is about
area
miles, and
square
its
populationabout 61,000.
There
are
nine paraganas
fiscal villages
and
The
15"
Tahsil,containing144"
rent free.
followingshows
population:
sub-divisions in the
or
the
fiscal
parganas,
and
villages,
castes
of their
"
are
The
"
dahrl
land
stream
is formed
by it,partlyby
It is not
The
at
water
between
The
15 feet and
Mudzinas
35
the Mandawar
from
comes
village
Bagheri.
strengthened.
stream
and
rain
principal
"
of
means
new
as
one,
direction,and
fine
deep down
as
thrown
bandh
much
across
good
the
greatlyimproved
lately
80 feet,but it
usuallyranges
feet.
will assist
figures
"
Rs. 19,680.
Each
of the nine
Kantingo.
Before the
Account
of
Tahsil.
SiirajMai
of Kishengarh,
parganas
except
Khairthal,has
separate Kanungo.
Jats
where
the
lected.
by
in
came
the Dehli
s.
revenue
No
Amil
1791
of
resistance
of Bambohra,
to
one
have
Kazi
been
made
to
Haiyati,whose
the
Jats
under
137
Bambolira, where
at
Suraj Mai
took
In
He
erected
built
first stuck
lingam
up
in
small
fort
known
now
built
temple,
The
proposed moat.
temple is
endowed.
to
built
and
was
temple
Bihariji
the
The
Idgah.
(garhi)near
fort
it at
followingyear
Siwana,
which
was
Marhatta
the
near
and
mosque
small
Appa Tantia.
(A.D.1748) Suraj began the
1805
s.
had
Ismailpurand
the
destroyed by
the Kazi
called the
The
Kishengarh.
as
officer Kishen
his
by
Kishaneswa.
outer
Within
of the fort
ramparts
Singh,
the fort
are
earthen^
inner of masonry.
Kishengarh
of
the
became
headquartersof
the
which
on
the
present tahsil.
chief
road
to
the Tankaheri
They
Muradganj was
under
him
Bambohra
the
built
Marhattas
by them,
retook
few
and
two
of
the
s.
bombardment
years.
of their tombs
the
took
effects
Mughals in
Ismailpur,five
ousted
it
the
place and
Partap Singh
Marhattas
runs,
took
The
Ulwur
The
had
officer,who
revenue
rendered
Jat
the
Pass, through
and
on
practicablefor carts, and established chauHs
below the pass, which was
of
of
in
Meo
a
a
placed
charge
neighbouringvillage. On
the Bambohra
side of it a fine garden was
made.
The
Jats held Kishengarh until s. 1826
(A.D.1769), when Mirza Murad Beg and
Abdulla
and
Dehli
from
Beg Mughals came
besiegedthe fort. They placeda battery
most
1841
ruined
are
bazaar
still apparent.
known
as
remain.
wards
(A.D.1784). Eight years afterthe
of Kishengarh, but
south-west
miles
afterwards.
months
ment
(A.D. 1805) General Lake attacked Bhartpur, and a British detachment
detachofficer
named
The
by an
Denny.
occupied Kishengarh, commanded
there
remained
six months, after which
was
Kishengarh,with other territory,
of
Bakhtawar
transferred under
Ulwur.
to
Singh
treaty
Fatahabad,Kishengarh,and Ismailpureach at that time had a tahsil. In s. 1866
the Ismailpurtahsil in s.
Tahsil was
(A.D. 1809) the Fatahabad
abolished,as also was
The villages
of
1917 (A.D.1860). In A.D. 1872 the Jhindoli Tahsil was
abolished.
all these were
also received, in A.D.
attached to Kishengarh,which
1872, seven
villages
The
of
two
of Bahadarpur, another
Khairthal
abolished tahsil.
same
villages
year
Mandawar
attached
Tahsil, to which, in Bakhtawar
to the
were
Singh's time,some
In
s.
1862
Khairthal
had alreadybeen
villages
Kishengarh,
It has 712
metalled
Bds
headquartersof
the
houses,and
road
with
2216
the
mile
to
the west
It is said there
trade.
tahsil,has
are
been
It is connected
inhabitants.
Khairthal, Tijara,and
Kirpdlnagar,a
considerable
added.
already spoken
by
Ulwur.
of
four
Kishengarh,is
or
five houses
only placeof
the
with
Bus
capitaleach
of 1726.
of Us.
50,000.
Mahajans
are
It has 380
the
of.
houses, with
T7-5rn"in.
Karpalna^ar.
tion
popula-
principalinhabitants.
the
railway,connected
with
(
the
Bambohra,
old
of.
headquarters
It has
411
138
of
the
and
houses,
has
Imperial Amil,
been
inhabitants.
1858
already spoken
It. too,
names
par-
Bambobra.
gana.
the
Pur,
and
993
old
headquarters
the
Niliiiagar,though
Nftrna
but
92
houses
is held
395
and
by
rent-free
but
198
houses,
of
of
pargana
thirteen
villages,has
headquarters, is
Majee,
there
named
the
of the
seventh
is
sixth
fine
village;
information
no
has
pargana,
but
about
houses,
125
it
as
it.
and
779
inhabitants.
Ismailpur, head
.
has
pargana,
'
'
Ismailpur.
inhabitants.
the
which
Bdghora.
head
fifth pargana
Ilarsoli, the
BAgbora.
of
inhabitants.
has
pargana,
609
houses, and
four
of its villages
2659
inhabitants.
is in the
Bahddarpur
Babadarpur.
".
..
in
the
villageof
the
of Alamdl,
Khanzadas
years
put them
ago,
them
till
never
Their
relations
shows
in
And
tahsil
ka
localityhas
group
its Mina
for
famous
as
miles, and
There
of
are
of parganas.
empty
as
the west
zadas,
Khan-
Meos,
some
bad
the
and
reputation,as
it
the
isolated
fiscal and
fiscal
kamaya,
of
gain,
Fatahabad
as
of
Kishengarh
Nabha
is Mandawar.
pargana
villages,of
chief.
The
hollow
I started."
British
Dacoits, is the
The
upon
ging
drag-
I got ;
gain
I reached
population about
127
fifty
their testicles,and
gunf,
in search
the
and
paisa ;
ki
territoryadjoining it is the
Tahsil.
offended
hundred
Bhartpur
habitants.
in-
taisa."
much
was
on
Jats of
one
628
place,but
mortally
conjunction with
pacham
kamaya
when
But
The
Fatahabad
I went
Far
the
houses, and
considerable
have
latter,about
the
brought
kamaya
Jaisa
"
to
109
"
A-gam
Aya
Mandawar
are
Khub
known
off,and
devastation.
the
"
northern
show,
said
are
by destroying Fatahabdd,
The
has
ruins
death
from
recovered
far
pargana,
as
merchants
villagenot
they died.
retaliated
who
has
to
ninth
it was,
Formerly
wealthy
of its
some
Tahsil, though
Kishengarh.
chief
the
Fatahabdd,
Ulwur
area
It
of
which
is situated
of the tahsil
The
foreign
Bawal, and
the
Shahjahanpur,
partly in the
is about
229
tract
square
54,000.
17
are
follows
"
or
ments
frag-
139
is
For
statisticsin detail
The
see
And
the
On
of the Sabi
banks
187, 191.
Tahsil
largepercentage of inferior.
bajra,gram, barley,jawar.
depopulated.
one
pages
The
elsewhere
and
there is
inferior
some
DaJiri,but
but
scarcely
any very
The depth below the surface at which water
usuallyit varies from 20 feet to 40 feet.
good, and
tract included
The
of the Chuhan
not
much
in the Mandawar
of any.
is sometimes
with is 80 feet,
firstmet
chieflyin
the hands
war
mentioned
is
of Ulwur
by
the parganas
among
Lake.
Lord
the
to
Maharao
and
town
neighbourhood.
of Mandawar
,,,,,,,
ceded
town
rocky regionfurther
is
south.
"
"
to
the Rao's
of the mosques
Close
to
has
the town
be
entertained
by
abandoned
it
but
residence,the buildingsof
an
hills is
largeand
latter.
Khanzadas
the
discovering
on
note
inscription
showing that it
in the
the
are
was
mosques
and
constructed
formerly
intention of the
tombs.
in Akbar's
as
the
One
time.
Sagar Sah.
(
When, many
ago, it
years
the subsidence
of water
broken
was
in wells.
140
down
in
however, restored
It was,
much
neighbourhood suffered
the
1909,
8.
but
from
requires
cleaningout.
There
482
is
and
Thana,
well
as
as
Kddiniagar
has
Jhindoli
"would givethe
givesits
bandh
ruined
situated
dahri.
some
village
to
name
is
is
of houses
eightmiles south of
here,which, if built substantially,
is
village
The
number
of Ulwur.
north
miles
twenty-two
here.
There
Mandawar.
K"lirnagar.
It is
policepost
The
Tahsfl,at Mandawar.
pargana.
belongedto the Chauhans
village
south
miles
It is ten
of Mandawar.
334
It has
of Pahal.
houses
The
and
Jhindoli.
1549
populationof
Pahal, three miles south
of
people.
The
Mandawar.
local history,and
in
important part
the
present populationis
The
tenure.
last century.
the
hills above
having
Singh in
Bakhtawar
of
the seat
312
has
Bijw"r.
It is
The
Nabha
Ulwur, then
f
of
jurisdiction
only remarkable
built by M.
was
as
R.
connected
family. It
village.
of Mandawar.
1988
and
the north-west
inhabitants.
the State.
of
territory
its border
it will be
is
the
..
territory
just
littleof Kot
Putli
.,
found
outside
lyingbetween
it
changes
seven
times.
the Sot a,
territory.
Bahror
Tahsil
is about
area
There
fort
Ulwur
finally
Its
The
Patiala
conies
The
houses
passing round
the south-west
then
Thakur
inhabitants.
north-west
forms
the Sabf, is
on
1862.
1602
358
Pahal.
policepost.
""
Tahsil.
On
has
Tdhsil
Bahror
and
eightmiles
In
Bahror
houses
There
at
on
Mandawar,
tdzirrii Chauhan
Phalsd
rhalsa.
of
Karnikot.
Bywdr,
small.
very
is carried
Iron-smelting
it.
hold
They
place played an
Jaipur
the villageon
Istamrarl
an
ruins of fine buildingson
are
brave
did
PaliaL
chief in
of this
Chauhans
are
See pages
is in the Kaht.
264
square
three parganas,
about 60,000.
miles, and its population
containing131
fiscaland
20
rent-free
villages.
(
fort about
is a mud
There
50
a police
tahsil,
post, and school,a
There is a fair bazaar,numerous
said
to have
never
Mdndan,
recovered
sixteen
It has
tahsil.
masonry
been
erected.
gardens,but
the
Bahror, was
headquarters of
2000.
about
the
On
separate
hill above
Maudan.
a
fort made
ten
miles
of slate.
shrine
Hindu
is
is
the town
s.1860.
the Marhattas
by
spoliation
besides the
and
Raj garrison,
buildingsand
populationof
has
school-building
new
its
from
with
yards square,
north-east of
miles
H2
conspicuousobject
it is
little
the town.
above
Nimrdna,
north-east
Nimrana.
of Bahror.
condition.
old
headquartersof
Barod.
"
rund
Middle
The
"
or
above the
.ius^
Middle
four
It
pargana.
lies
full of game
parganas,
placehas alreadybeen
of this
Thakur
The Chauhan
BdroJ.
near
it
on
is six miles
east
It is the
of Bahror
the west.
those
BatlSUr.
parganas.
of the
Goviudgarh is the eastern-most
of Ulwur
forming,so to speak,a peninsular
is about
Mewat,
mentioned.
52
miles
square
middle
It
juts out,
Bhartpurterritory.It is in
extent, and has a populationof about
in
parganas.
in
26,000.
tahsil consists of but
The
one
For
follows
rent-free and
"
fuller statisticssee
TUe
crops
It contains
pargana.
53 fiscal villages
; the detail of the latter is as
grown
are
chief
an
The
to flow
darn
was
is not to be obstructed
to be
freelyinto Bhartpur.
confined to seven
villages.Pfpalvillages
lying in Bhartpur territory
beyond
the Sikri bandh, and
and Mallki,a second pair similarly
Bakshuka
situated.
These
four villages
lie beyond the Sikrl bandh
an
work on
importantirrigation
the Rukhera
and
or
Nakatpur, a pair of
detached
"
The
It is
surface.
There
the
will
of the
water
are
the
surpluswater
side
Qovindgarh
the
of
bandh,
is from
pargaua
10 feet to 25
feet below
the
deep.
never
in the
old mudzinas
no
the
they get
it is abundant.
when
water
and
Govindgarh Tahsil,but
the
sums
The
following
villagesfrom s. 1885 (A.D.1828) are on record.
collections.
former
and present
assist comparison between
Present
collected from
Tahgil
records"
Assess-
ment.
2950
2850
1050
2770
1850
5100
2720
1700
Report, p.
Settlements
the
In
held
in the
change
The
of M.
time
the
pargana
is dwelt
on
in the
184
Acwmnt
R.
villagesround
many
of
productiveness
of
Bakhtawar
the
the Fort
of Ghasaoli.
known
as
principal. His seat was
About
1803 Bakhtawar
A.D.
Singh, in conjunctionwith the Marhattas, expelledhim
and the 500 horse he is said to have
destroyed,and
employed. Ghasaoli fort was
the site of it is now
The
removed
local seat of authoritywas
a Raj grass
preserve.
fort
said
have
been
The
is
the old fort.
to
to Govindgarh, a spot very near
present
for the extent
built by Bakhtawar
Singh in s. 1862 (A.D.1805). It is remarkable
Zulfikar
Khan
was
the
of its moat.
The
There
are
town
is
Thana
Tahsil
twenty-fivemiles
and
east
school
in
Govindgarh, and
the
populationis
4290.
of Ulwur.
tants.
inhabivillagefour miles south of Govindgarh, containing
merly
is a platform and
building (thara) where forNar
Khan
tioned,
Khanzada, brother of Zulfikar Khan, already menIt is curious that
dispensedjustice,and a ruined fort in which he resided.
of
the
which
Khan
to
Nar
his brother,still
people
or
neighbouringvillages,
belonged
to this thara to settle disputesby oath.
come
It is common
enough to find cultivators established on the soil,and paying no
than the revenue
But
the cultivators
more
fairlychargeableon the land they hold.
of Bainsrawat,whether
baniyas,chumars, mails, or kasais, are, contrary to common
wells,which they claim as their own.
custom, permittedto make
miles north-east of Govindgarh, with 439 houses
and a populaPipalkhera,
tion
Bainsrdwat,
Here
of 1833.
there
It is,with
(
is the middle
Ramgarh
146
square
it has
of
chiefly
the Nai
Meos
For
Kevenue
The
soil of the
elsewhere
are
which
Qovindgarh,
and
territory,
Statistics see
is in
It also
its limits.
miles,and
The
to
isolated within
villagesare
about
tahsil next
border
of its eastern
most
144
it
but
adjoins,
several
Mewat.
Bhartpur
Its extent
is
populationof 51,000.
and
clans.
Dulot
Ramgarh
Tahsil
barley,
jawar.
The
dahri
that which
Lindwah.
flooded
or
Chiihar
the
The
land of
Sidh
Ramgarh
nallah
bandh
principal
or
best in the
is the
is also
There
covers.
dam
is to
of the
The
state.
some
very
richest is
good
in
hills,
western
in continuation
of
the
upon
Atria,the objectof
which
order
to
the main
be
work
further this.
Lindwah,
The
of
village
which
Nogaom
the British
at
there
is
dam
which
turns
to
the north-east
the water
into
; and
south
of the
canal conveying it to
the border.
and
officials have
been
TheUlwur
villagers
from destroying
the dam
and from obstructing
The
the flow of the canal.
prohibited
of
people
Banjir Nagla, the border villageof the Ulwur Tahsfl, upon the Chiihar
of making an
earthen
dam
old practice
to raise the
Sidh, have recentlyrenewed
an
of the Chiihar Sidh.
water
dam
will
be
by the first
Ordinarilythe
swept away
week's rain,but the rains might be too scanty to destroy it,in which
it should,
case
I
territorybeyond
think,be
Buja
within
cut
in the
west
month
only villagewhere
bandh
requires
renewing.
Water
it is not
Sidh.
is
as
occasionally
many
in
deep down, especially
Its average depth is from
There
are
as
60 feet below
the
surface,but
the villagesirrigated
by the
10
to 25
Lindwah
and
feet.
most
can
travel.
elateystone, is
south
is Daneta
have
been
made
Kalaghatta,or
through its
Black
Pass, so
Paas,
the
most
extensive
passes,
called
from
Rupbas Pass, to
causeway
of
which
over
all.
the
horses
colour
the south
Again
and
phants
ele-
of its soft
of it.
south
tinuous
con-
causeways
Hills.
which
part
Chiihar
Further
is the
Kho
(
made
Pass causeway,
Pass
Baraod
the
of that
the
by
of
disciples
Das, who
and
frequentedthese hills,
banniah
named
thirty years ago by a
Lai
made
causeway,
145
south
Dull
Chand.
Through a break in these hills there was a good deal of traffic between TJlwur and
somewhat
Untwal, Bijwar,and Nogawan. The hills are generally
Delhi, vid villages
the
is
less
the
and
valuable.
than
and
less
lower
Tijararange,
grazing
regular
habitations
the present site of
on
One hundred and fifty
no
years ago there were
Some
Ramgarh.
under
Chumars.
Bhoja, were
one
Account
,
....
order
in
relieve
to
the
porters,between
called
was
In
s.
their
to
largevillages
the north
begars
as
Uiwur.
and
There
of
Sanip Singh
his power,
and
parganahs within
Mubarakpur. Ramgarh
R"mgarh
place neighbourhood,
The
A chattri and
the
his
fort,which
limits
of
the
was
Singh, whose
father Padam
in
self
himestablishing
Singh made
called Ramgarh.
Padam
was
present tahsil
"
one
in Khilora.
well to
assisted
Govindgarh.
built the
two
succeeded
been
under
Ghasaolf,mentioned
extended
then
were
to have
Jaipur,and
villagein Jagirfrom
known
widow
mdha
Jodhi
ji became
satti,marks
the
well
as
of the sacrifices.
scene
As detailed elsewhere,SariipSing,who
as
of
and
pressed
or
were
wealthy enough to build masonry houses.
Bhojpur, and the Chumars
Naruka
to have reoccupied Bhojpur. He seems
or 1803, Padam
Singh
ceived
by the Khanzada
placeprosperous,
Sati.
acting
1802
the
the
when
brethren
Ramgarh,
came
collision with
into
co-operatewith, againstthe
cruellymurdered
Khanzada
Thakur's manager,
Nand
not
him
him.
of
Khilora,escapedto Ramgarh
had
to evacuate
the fort.
some
eventually
Raja
of Khilora and Marakpur and the
then formed, consisting
The Tahsil of Ramgarh was
fort enlarged.
The
old parganahs were
summoned
to
of the two
Kanungoes or accountants
and
of
the
Khilora
traders.
most
Ramgarh,
It is thirteen miles
Besides the tahsil there is a thana and school at Ramgarh.
contains
900
and
inhabitants.
east of Alwar
5474
and
houses,
city,
It pays
Aldora, four miles east of Ramgarh, has 407 houses and 1437 inhabitants.
and its land may be
than any villagein the tahsil,
a higherrevenue
regardedas a type of the rich flooded land of the tahsil. There are
about
with
similar land, and
dozen villages
a
perhaps fifteen bearing crops worth
other
twenty-fiveper cent. less. However, the well-beingof Alaora, and many
is entirely
villages,
dependent upon the arrival of the waters of the Chuhar sidh,which
often do not reach so far; Alaora is said to have been formerlya more
considerable
than it is at present, and
four kos to the east of it is said to have
stone
a
village
its boundary.
marked
of the village
There was
said to have been constructed
once
a fine tank north-west
Ranf.
ruins
of
Beside
it
the
Musalmau
tomb.
a
are
an
by
eleganttwelve-pillared
where
he resisted
song
in
the
praiseof
the Rani
is an
in the
annuls
there
victory
who
made
south-east
inconsiderable
won
time, but
for
by
of
but
village,
of British India
Lord
the tomb
Lake
on
on
is current.
Rdmgarh,
will be
account
November
for
of
the
1st, 1803.
as
Las-
famous
important
A full account
of this
battle is not
no
now
Rajputana.
After
Louis
the battle of
Bonquin, there
from
the
himself
Daeccan
to the
under
British
the
command
force at
powerfulforce
objectbeing to recover
made
Lake
force,which
marched
29th
Foot,
from
of which
the
on
Agra
borders
battalion of the
2d
latter surrendered
intact,and
regardedby
was
were,
Lake,
Sindiah
as
His
Mewat.
of
October
on
the
sent
prestige.
be
to
to
had
Dehli.
escapedfrom
had
M.
under
Siudiah
The
Dudernaique.
recapture
westward
known
was
Harhattas
the
but
attempt
Dehli, the
Lord
Muttra,
no
defeated
Lake
of M.
others,which
two
This
Lord
fifteen regular
which
battalions,
still remained
indeed,augmented by
its
which
Dehli, in
consisted
army
Cavalry,His
6th Native
Native
15th
of the
jesty's
Ma-
Infantry,
1st battalion
of
the
12th
and
15th
Native
"
with
whom
he might
baggage,till,
by
in the morning,
attack.
the
cavalrythe
that
the
British
of the
measures
enemy's
9000
six
consisted
were
upon
generalto make
infantry. The
o'clock ; and
up
an
and
of 17
4000
Lake
after
set
and
produced by
his
the whole
of
with
out
of
march
guns
confusion
the
their
seize
to
had
objectof his
the
with
regularbattalions
to 5000
enemy,
attack
cavalry.
that
across
in
such
them,
upon
their part,
on
defence, and
cuttingthe embankment*
for the passage
eleven
hours, came
72 guns,
for their
endeavour
and
miles,
twenty-five
pursuitabout
sunrise
on
1st November."
force
men,
enemy
employed,
night at
same
of the
them
full
than
morning
The
about
keep
In pursuance
in littlemore
the
the
the
of
annoyance
the
nallah,the
road
infantry,to
our
our
was
the number
approachit
confusion
without
not
were
of
On
as
waiting
wanting
troops.
rendered
in
to
appeared
induce
the
the
With
of
adoption of
view, by
this
extremely difficult
a circumstance
which, while it impeded our progress, gave the
cavalry,
of
their rightbeing in front of
an
opportunity choosingan advantageousposition,
enemy
the village
of Laswaree, and thrown
back upon
the banks of which
were
so
a
rivulet,
very
steep
as
of
to be
extremelydifficult of
*
The
access
Hazari
; while
Bandh.
their left
was
upon
the
villageof
"J?s
"ftvfed
"*"**.
i\
IfSj,
^""?0"f$
^""*
0\"
'"^/.-
^"Z'r
ift"-?~
ffitf
^3i//
Xasware
^JNi^e^**"*
'""
te
"
'""""" ",
"'"-:..
K.
1^-
r-k
:l
mm
'
JP
-^'
"
0^
4.0.*^'^
Jaumporc +
-^?c^'"9?""
BATTLE
OF
LASWAREE.
FROM
THORN'S
CAPTAIN
A A.
ist
DD.
Position
British
Position
of
during British
of
SKETCH.
enemy's rightwing
Cavalryattack.
ditto
after
arrival
of
Infantry.
Position of ditto during attack of
DO.
British Infantry.
H.
2Qih Dragoons. E. British Infantry.
fire with
which
musketry,
behind
up
cumbrous
other
baggage, kept
fell in this
distinguishedby
was
of
the
in
the
engaged
remaining in
of
their
the
the
It arrived
perilouscontest
the
on
under
the
sun,
to
Macau
of the
fulfilment
their
effect of
with
presence
offer
an
favourable
the
command
rightwing,
villageof Mohaulpore, and
had
morning
been
place,which
The
second
General
left.
support
of
The
of
take
retreat
of
while
as
attached
of the
"
to
enemy
the
that
An
hour
generalcontinued
his
which
enemy,
their
entire
infantry,formed
the
into
of
composed
being appointed
"
of the
the
hostile
to attack
since
ever
force
round
lines,were
two
their
cavalryon
attack
who
be
could
might
The
had
formed
was
"
brought
right
occur
succeeded
between
up,
instructions
with
the
the
2d
togetherwith
the
of
and
the
command
and
the
2d
motions
them,
among
to
the
threatened
composed
"
Major-
cavalry drew
received
Vandeleur,
reserve
distinct batteries
four
the
order, by watching
that
vigour.
Gordon,
P. Vandeleur
wing, under
front,which
Macan,
John
line,in
our
in
Colonel
confusion
with
them
cavalry,formed
demonstration
Lieutenant-Colonel
of any
left
the
cavalry,under
right of
advantage
infantry,forming the
support
while
to the
T.
twenty-five
enemy,
"
artillery,
having
to
of
as
field-pieces
many
to
directed
brigade
to
Colonel
Their
of
British
Lieutenant-Colonel
brigade, under
death
of the
infantry;
detached
to
enemy,
the
train
the
left,the first
the
on
rightflank
the
turn
approaching.
of
Mohaulpore.
on
was
3d
the
brigade,was
case
rejoin
to
returned.
was
numerous
column
St. John,
attention
the
of
false.
prove
columns
stronglyfortified.
was
by a
left appuyed
their
to
thrown
in front
defended
to
out
act
surrenderingall their
British
the
of Major-GeneralWare
under
their
brigade
refreshment, which
upon
of
answer
conditions,but
enemy
and
rest
the
the
still
guns
received
infantrywas
fatiguingmarch
two
"
force
in the
was
were
flict
con-
resolute
the
the
recall the
prudent
After
noon.
the
was
"
and
inequalityof
fire from
Colonel
that
severe
valour, in the
the
infantryrequired some
the
the
this
British
raging,the
conditions,to which
the
dearly earned,
so
Though
charge,orders
commander-in-chief
the
to
sent
certain
upon
was
the
to
rivulet by
Meanwhile, such
was
message
guns
it
brave
the
thus
was
of the
banks
burning
ordered.
was
time
of
possession,
yet, for
our
we
though
had
the
was
effects
render
to
as
enemy,
fourth
for the
men
galling
up
body."
While
miles
of the
just as
and, accordingly,
his
main
hands
destructive
the
in
British
object,such
their
carry
and
combat,
the
reach
leadingon
cavalry to
of
characteristics
all the
and
struggle;
severe
virtuallytaken and
immediately opposed to our troops were
what
and
bullocks
of draught
the want
infantry to secure
taken could be brought away.
only two out of the number
firmness
entrenchment
deep
great execution.
did
On
drawn
were
by backeries,carts, bullocks,and
covered
"
battalions,which
Their
rear.
our
upon
on
of
in
1st
the
3d
brigades;
galloperguns
operations
infantry.
Such
interval
enemy
the
was
allowed
;
on
whose
dispositionof
for the
failure
marching along
broken
ground
the
as
they
were
of
performance
to
the
amidst
force,and
our
fulfil what
banks
that
for
discerned,and
of
some
it
was
the
they
the
the
plan of
conditions
had
rivulet
time
attack
drawn
in
up
the
of surrender
proposed by the
promised, the British infantryproceeded,
under
of the high grass, and
cover
concealed
ascertained
their advance.
that their
objectwas
As
soon,
to
turn
ever,
howthe
H9
threw
back
their rightwing, under cover
of
instantly
of
the
head
which
suffered considerably.
our
column,
artillery
against
heavy
At the same
time, our four batteries began to play with no less vigour ; and
the whole
continued
to advance
cannonade, in spiteof the
during this tremendous
and weight of metal
beth in numbers
of the enemy's artillery,
vast superiority
which
well
showers
of
the
assailants
served,
from
was
uncommonly
grape being poured upon
large mortars, as well as from guns of heavy calibre. The effect of the fire,which
terrible in the extreme, was
felt with peculiarseverityby the 76th Regiment,
was
which
fine body, by leadingthe attack,as usual became
the direct objectof destruction.
flank
of
the
the
enemy,
latter
of
discharges
So great,indeed,was
it advisable
closed
hasten
to
consistingof
the
the attack
battalion
2d
to the front,and
with
that
regiment
of the
12th
and
to wait
till the
five
those
and
companies
of the
remainder
deemed
of the native
of the
column
infantry,
16th, which
should
had
be
formed,
delayedby unavoidable impediments."
this resolution was
within reach
When
of the
adopted,and the gallantband came
enemy's canister shot,a most gallingfire was poured on them from the whole train of
the enemy'i artillery.
At this moment
the enemy's cavalryattempted to charge,but
the infantryeffectually
but with the manifest
checked it,and it recoiled,
intention of
it
another
attack.
Lake
General
order
attack
So
to
to be
an
trying
judged prudent
the British cavalry,which
made
them
from
in turn
service being entrusted
upon
of
to
to His Majesty's29th
was
Dragoons,
performed the entire satisfaction
Regiment
whose
advance
of the
order
been
much
commander-in-chief.
This
"
had
behind
regiment, which
our
render
had
to
attack,had
their situation
of the enemy,
halted
which
banks
along the
occasioned
in
violent
so
of
the
hollow
in
one
partlyconcealed
the shot
exceedinglytrying; for,though
rolled and ploughed up the ground
the most
mischievous
in every
rivulet,in
immediately
return
to
as
the view
from
direction
among
which
was
dered
renposition,
of waiting in a state of passiveendurance, the
more
painful by the necessity
devolved upon Captain
loss the command
whose
on
gallantMajor Griffiths was killed,
order arrived for the regiment to charge;
At length,however, the welcome
Wade.
than
it was
which
w
as
no
sooner
as
injunction
promptly obeyed,and the troops
given
posted,by files,
gallopedout of the narrow
they had been so perilously
passage, where
the ground would not admit
of a largerfront.
as
On forming up on the outer flank of the 76th Regiment,the cavalrywas
greeted
sudden
three cheers,which
whose
with
the
re-echoed
on
was
by
dragoons,
heartily
made
the
to charge our
a
infantry,
enemy's horse,after having advanced
appearance
The
An
awful
breathless
of
retreat.
ensued.
now
expectation
precipitate
pause
our
ranks, with
previouslymoved
effect.
While
in this
"
of
artillery
numerous
the
meditated
enemy
scene
was
shot
watch
to
destruction
heightenedby
whose
seemed
attack, by pouring
of the
interest
the
under
the
him,
an
upon
narrow
his
opportune
their
escape
of
to frustrate
moment
assailants.
the
The
affecting
commander-in-chief,
with
more
charge;
and
than
though
piecesof cannon,
it
which
was
The
followed
instantly
drowned
every
other
cavalry trumpet
by
the
call but
thundering
an
sounded
now
instinctive
roar
sense
of
of
to
the
hundred
duty, the
150
25th
with
whole, animated
of
Regiment
and
detachment
which
the
made
posture
wheel
to the
; and
after
left to
charge the
the
enemy's
of the
rear
29th
them
body, and
the
to
from
guns
achievement,
this
assumed
had
horse,who
pursuing
main
after
Dragoons,
our
12th, 15th,
the
Infantry,seized the
Native
The
driven.
completelyrouting and
our
hills,
of
shot
instantlyby
up
Regiment, supportedby
76th
Regiment
justbeen
had
enemy
16th
the
of
of the
head
at the
chief,who,
veteran
both
fire of grape
tremendous
enemy's infantry,in the face of the most
generalvolleyof musketry. This advantage was followed
lines of the
and
the
one
menacing
the
through
pass
entirelycut
these
infantry came
formed
was
Ware
fell
in the
his loss
head
continued
and
activity,
"
the
The
in the
exercise
till the
intrepidity
whole
of their
inch
; and
guns
Major-General
by
was
excellent
an
the whole
After
army.
upon
importanttrust
though
judgment,
the utmost
with
determined
lost the
devolved
of the
He
which
enemy,
persistedwith
enemy
deeply lamented
and
of this column
the
the battle
shot.
cannon
of
reserve
periodof
this
At
off by
carried
severelyfelt
was
death,the command
wounded,
being
of the
attack
join the
to
rear
dead, his
and
officer,
his
time
just in
up
by inch, and
their situation
then, when
even
till
they
become
was
had
perate,
des-
their left
to manifest
the same
they still continued
disposition,
courageous
but
this attempt was
trated
fruswing endeavouringto effect their retreat in good order ;
by the 27th Regiment of Dragoons,and the 6th Regiment of Native Cavalry,
commanded
of the 8th Light Dragoons,who
John Vaudeleur
by Lieutenant-Colonel
broke into their column, cut many
and
to pieces,
captured the rest,with the whole
of the baggage.
The
loss sustained
by the British army in accomplishingthis victorywas great,
to
about
amounting
eighthundred in killed and wounded ; but that of the enemy far
"
exceeded
it,for, with
the
prisoners,
whole
alone
field of
on
the
of
the
of
exception
their
battle could
of
who
thousand
two
battalions
seventeen
hardly have
surrendered
destroyed,
less than
been
themselves
that
so
were
the
dead
thousand
seven
men.
their
Though some
knowledge,to
our
men
were
unable,
from
the
exhausted
state
of
their
continue
horses,to
the
pursuit.
"
the
The
which
battle,
terminated
enemy's bazaars,with
elephants,camels, and
five thousand
with
ammunition
stand
and
the
above
of
arms,
three
camp
sixteen
at
four
o'clock,gave
equipage
hundred
and
money,
baggage,a
the
victors
considerable
bullocks,seventy-two
forty-fourstands
with
to
of
number
piecesof
colours, sixtyfour
besides fifty-seven
carts
the whole
tumbrils
of
of
cannon,
laden
containingstores
of
151
of prime quality
The militaryapparatus and supplies
were
; and
descriptions.
serviceable.
with the exceptionof nine guns, was
in particular,
perfectly
the ordnance
with
the British cavalry,
the
in
the
conflict
of
morning
the
commencement
early
From
of
discovered
the
in
the
a firmness
evening,
to the close of the generalaction
enemy
various
resolution and
which
of death
contempt
the
energiesin
could
their ardour, or
nothing
repress
could
strained
struggle
were
the
withstand
utmost, though
the
to
exertions.
of their united
impetus
of
the admiration
command
fail to
not
The
with
battalions
seventeen
whom
our
aid
of the
were
army
"
the
with
military superiority,
him
force,enabled
French
in
maintain
to
Hindoostan.
made
against the
abilities
of
war,
evidence
conflict gave
indeed, every
militaryknowledge,through their
in
exercised
were
the
to
utmost
therebyoverthrowing
in the
dominion
our
provement
the im-
of
with
connection
exasperatingthe
in
in
English,and
the view
with
the natives
by
whose
French,
the
eventful
this
Throughout
"
and
chiefs
soldiers,
disciplined
East."
fullyexhibited,for
European arrangement and
army
discipline.Considering,therefore,the enemy's advantages in point of trainingand
their superiorityin number
compared with the British actuallyengaged,and
position,
the victorywas
British
the
the fatigue
troops had endured previousto the battle,
indeed a glorious
one.
The cavalry,
after marching forty-two
miles in less than twenty-fourhours, were
the
On
present occasion
instruction
effect of French
displayedall the
Mahratta
the
the
was
of
characteristics
"
with
hotly engaged
of
pressing
the whole
nature
so
for
the
food
or
were
water
force of
this
was
space
the
of twenty
from
enemy
tryingservice
hours.
sunrise
till
; and
sunset
near
were
actuallywithout
On
with
the enemy,
coming
it,with
exercise,and continued
up
they
little cessation,
under
very
During
the
the
day
the
shot
His
Excellencyled the
of the
head
on
showered
the
76th
enemy's
Commander-m-Chief
him
around
cavalryto
Regiment, with
line and
on
had
with
continually
their
he
reserve
the
killed under
horses
two
the afternoon
in
conducted
In
fury.
utmost
about
morning
he advanced
posted in and
him, and
the
that
at the
made
were
of
the fortified village
Malpur.
"
most
But
among
the trialswhich
the accident
distressingwas
attended
Regiment, who
secretary throughout the
account
already been
has
troops againstthe
shot,upon
horse
was
which
which
enemy,
his
he rode.
prevailed upon
belonging to
one
of
son
the
that
befel
Lake
on
his
that
day,the
94th
gallantson, Major Lake,
his father in the capacity of aide-de-campand military
whole
of which
an
campaign. In that part of the battle,
detailed,while the Commander-in-Chief
was
leadingon his
his horse
fell under
him, after being piercedby several
dismounted, and urged his father to accept the
instantly
This
to
was
at
of
the
a
after
Major
severe
some
had
wound
the
entreaty,the General
mounted
from
another
a
cannon
horse
shot
in
152
(
the presence
of his
father.
Parental
the blood-stained
field.
affection
"
horror
over
"On
the
tilllate in the
evening,the
of Laswaree
village
and
that of Impurah or Singrah. A
battalion of infantrytook charge of the
of Sagepoorah, lyingabout midway
collected togetherat the village
prisonerswho were
between
the British camp
and
the ill-fated villageof Mohaulpoor, which, from its
situation in the midst
of the fury of the battle,
reduced to ashes.
was
now
Shortly
the
with
the
liberated
the
Commander-in-Chief
all
afterwards,
prisoners,
exceptionof the
whom
he thought it prudentstill to retain."
principalofficers,
amounting to forty-eight,
In Brigade Orders, Colonel
Macan, commanding 3d CavalryBrigade,requested
Mr. Lyss and Mr. Newvan, surgeons
of the 29th
Dragoons,to accept his best thanks
for their humane
and successful exertions in bringingoff the wounded, though with the
peans,
the natives,as well as the Eurogreatest personalrisk to themselves,and in affording
arrival of the
victorious troops
assistance
every
The
equipage,which
camp
near
was
not
the
in their power.
was
follows
as
:
"
Killed.
Europeans
95
Natives
77
Horses
His
Majesty's 76th
killed and
wounded
wounds.
In
who
fell
"
Killed,wounded,
"
Foot
lost
killed and
13 officers were
officers the
29th
311
341
and
than twice
more
29
Light Dragoons
Wounded.
missing,553.
as
many
wounded,
suffered
as
any
of whom
two
Those
most.
of
died of their
highestrank
"
were
were
general those
of the
French.
Large quantitiesof
stores
of all kinds
also taken.
On
the
in
the 8th
of November
the army
of dead
carcases
of
men
and
fields of
beasts,had
Laswaree, where
become
highlyoffen-
153
we
way
the
back the
marches, proceedingvery leisurely
the sick and wounded,
reached Paiashur, and the day following,
several days of
After
give.
we
came,
both
time
which
it gave
of the
"
On
Chief
"
off to
The
halted
here
same
with
of the recent
British.
the 14th
with
sent
were
the fame
and
near
easy
Agra.
fortnight,
during
army
the Rajas,
victoryhaving spread in every direction,
to the
Indus, rejoicedin the opportunity
distant,from the Jumna
Mahratta
of throwing off the
them
yoke,and eagerlysought the protection
capturedguns,
which
the
treaty of defensive
Raja of
and
His
Macherree.
of this
resources
alliance
was
concluded
for
shrine
to
Devi,
of
Ramgarb,
called
Devi
very
small
thdn, beside
kd
on
village
an
the border,but
able
agree-
which
spring in the border hills,
overhangs the village.This
shrine was
and
used to make
much
handsome
formerly
respected, high officialseven
hold the village,
have
offerings. But the Meos, who now
deprivedthe priestof the
bestowed
rent-free grant once
the proprietors
of which
by the village,
were
formerly
The
latter
and
are
now
Gujars.
depressed cultivators,
complain bitterly.The proprietorshi
of Charaonda
is vested nominallyin twenty-two villages
of Nai Meos and
the Khanzada
the village
villageof Marakpur, which, when
was
deserted,undertook
Meos
of this neighbourhood gave
to repopulateit.
The
M.
R. Bakhtawar
Singh
much
called
and
a
were
trouble,
fort,
Raguuathgarh,was built,and largevillages
broken
up
Nikach
from
land,
and
into small
is in the
which
the
ones.
valleylyingbetween
Meos
of it,like
those
the double
This
round
garh,
range of hills north-west of Ram-
valleyhas much
Ragunathgarh, were
rich
so
154
troublesome
habitations occupy
some
There
is
public tank
Alwar
The
Tahsil
at
at
no
Bandoll, built
square miles
has
in extent, and
statistics
see
revenue
The
the two
It has been
of 152,000.
population
follows
as
"
than
more
other
any
of the catchment
most
places
are
Appendix.
Tahsil contains
Ulwur
of his
For
of Lai Das's
one
here.
family
of Kho, high up on the hill,
adjoiningvillage
Das's placesof retirement.
of
marks
Lai
one
fortyyears ago by one Hup Das.
building,which
conspicuousmasonry
as
of several members
the tombs
Within
It is well known
Ramgarh.
residence,and
of
B"ndoli.
is
of
alreadyexplainedthat but
portionof the
areas
the Chuhar
waters
of the
of
Sidh-
Ruparel
Sileserh
which, conveyed by
the water
comes
city. The stream which flows down the Sileserh valley to join the
dahri land,and the Ruparel and Chuhar
Sidh have
Ruparel producessome
of
the villages
of kdtli in most
a few acres
alongtheir banks, and here and
at
there some
dahri, notably BanjirNagla.
of the
The
Sixty feet
20
to 35
is
feet is
old
does
of Mala
pargana
Siwai Jai Singh of
sanads
from
Some
Jai
of the
Tahsil
to
are
largeextent
grass, game,
and
(p.103),
at
which
to
find water
(exceptin
the
and
hills),
ordinarydepth.
the
recorded
are
of the
an
depth
extreme
an
Ulwur
elsewhere
detailed
as
date of
The
Ulwur
hills of the
extensive
"wood reserves,
papers
not
in which
appear,
Khera
seem
but
to
the
they
and
areas
said
are
have been
of many
jammas
be
to
as
old
preparedwhen
it
Madho
Singh,s.
follows
:
"
of.
villages
Akbar.
as
1819.
held
Those
by M.
Kanungoes have
was
156
lated
tabu-
; every
The
"
; the
room
from
view
the roof
in
Singh
of the
templesunder it,and
is considered
almost
foreground,
the
R. Bakhtawar
fort,has
the
tanks
some
latter,
comprising
and
cenotaph
unique, and
well
very
visit
(2.)The
notice.
cenotaph of
It is
of this
says
Darbar
with
fort,rocky hill-side,
Bakhtawar
worth
beautiful
of its class
The
very
found
is to be
as
in
Singh,under
the
foliated
with
up
India, of
Jagdnath,in
of
Temple
It makes
"
cenotaph :
M.
specimenof the
fine
chief
attracted
much
arch
segmental
or
its domes
its age
the
style. Fergusson
as pleasing
a group
pavilions
and
least."
at
is
market-place,
the most
conspicuousof
its
class.
The
main
domed
Emperor
the
near
Khan.
are
several
palace gate
is
The
been
named
old
in
Revenue
used
now
crossingof
Tarang Sultan,brother of
one
small covered
as
store-house.
the
the
bazaar.
bearing inscriptions.The
mosques
; it is
of most
shrine
killed in battle
inside
account
in the
time
environs
at
square
Office is under
The
sort of
the
Tirpoliacovers
of
Its
considerable
most
date, expressed in
is
tence,
sen-
of
the
city is
Kutbuldin
that
Aibak.
of
Bhikan,
one
street
and
said
mosque
after him.
fine
stands
It forms
the
said to be that
tomb,
969.
H.
Mussulman
to have
old
an
Firoz
There
are
called
buildinginappropriately
It is
streets.
Captain Impey
the
to
entrance
the
Political
Agent
palace. Opposite it
was
Ulwnr,
at
a
suitable
construction.
of the
been
ment,
mapped by the TopographicalSurvey Departwell
delineated.
buildingsare
The gardens, especially
the Banni
Bilds,and ground watered by the canal from the
Sileserh Lake, have been already spoken of,as also has the lake itself pp. 29, 91, 103.
The
largestbuildingsnear and outside the cityare
(1.)The Fort, which stands just 1000 feet above the Tirpolia. It contains a
chiefs of Ulwur.
Its
palace and buildingserected chieflyby the first two Nanika
miles.
It is
the valleyfor about
two
ramparts extend alongthe hill top, and across
said to have been built by Nikumpa
Rajputs, and has undoubtedly been in the hands
Narukas.
of Khanzadas, Mughals, Pathans, Jats, and
Probably its
successively
and
its
cityhave
roads,gardens, and
main
"
"weakest
is that
point
both
outworks,
two
wall.
One
northern
Governor
It
mentioned.
the
Near
the
known
as
Jhang
was
appear
to
was
the
as
old
approach to
Chitanki;
is
palace,an
of M.
the work
being
station
Fatah
on
Ulwur.
fort
and
which
is
the
other
the
of
town
"
Below
to
the
fort
are
strengthenthe city
work,
doubt, of
no
Khurd.
Kdbul
Bilas
the
over
elegant
R.
erected.
the
Bhartpur
Its dome
is
road
in the
garden already
Singh.
Banni
It will be
situated
structure
his household
Near
"
Banni
lies
protect the
to
is known
(2.)The
which
very
is
for
the
handsome
fine
use
of the
and
building.
Musalraan
conspicuousand
Maharaja
tomb
ornamental
a
Jhang's.
At least his Hindoo
of note.
probably a Khanzada
is
which
be indicated by the fact of the inscription,
of
A.D.
object.
extraction
the
1547,
Fatah
would
only memorial
(
inscriptionI have
givesthe
"
Hindi
Sambat
awal
The
the
suburbs
The
constructed
of the
Stables
have
been
Sileserh Lake
the
the
the
plainsfive
was
to
have
his
been
It
son.
fine
houses
Hindi,
and
fort
on
in
are
of
process
ul
of
use
in
the
There
erection.
the
Residency,
and
by
and
to
up
was
ground,
and
in
reappears
are
The
the
One
of
I have
It is
south
of
Khanzada
or
largebazaars, numerous
temples has an inscriptionin
with
Jain
to
Ulwur
railroad,has 632
the
on
It
garrisoned fort.
Nahir
Bahadar
unable
been
formerly
is said
town
famous
the
It
houses.
930
habitants,
principalin-
service.
town
flourishing
town.
miles
on
either
in Arabic, but
it,and
under
the
Saiyads
tombs.
the
interceptthe
expected to create a
thrown
or
of Ulwur, contains
absent
are
and
built
sinks,flows
pargana.
revived
near
round
for the
principalworks
the
are
Partap Singh'sbandh,
as
water
extensive
Kliera,twelve
rampart
temples
stands
fine tank
city,a
principalgardens,
been
north-east
them
an
well, one
rock
Mdla
has
with
Rabi
of Ulwur.
east
or
once
the
Tahsti
the
have
the
miles
of
many
from
Tijara road,
and
One, known
founded
was
Kotwdli
fort,but
headquarters of
but
city.
Baliddurpur, eleven
the
the
connecting
six miles
or
half
embankments
rains.
under
It
"
jail on
roads
pr
wafat
Jang Khan,
mile and
built,and
dams
of the
fine lake
of
with
Several
streams
were
metalled
good
character.
"
or
Council
being in N"gari
Hijira. It runs thus
monument,
of the
excellent
public gardens
are
tarikh
Residency,about
an
Ulwur
an
the year
as
955, Fatah
san
niii dini
city,and
on
well
as
1604,
Gumbaz
with
met
date
157
gives its
to
name
It
houses.
Mdla
Kliera.
pargana.
"dleta, sixteen
2098
M.
miles
inhabitants.
R.
Banni
There
considerable
very
nine
Dehra,
but
pargana,
through
great Meo
born
at
the
Fair
Bdnsur,
Wai
it
on
Sidh
Chuhar
the
to
the
Thakurs
lying
in
Das
hills
1606
Dub
Dass
at
overhanging it
and
of
the
It is 330
of
Ulwur,
the
was
the
entrance
the
to
(p. 53).
of it is in the
south
Charan
Dhaoli
is at
is in the
villageof a
valleyjust north-west
hills of which
the
place.
of Khetri
(p.123).
houses, and
chief
is the
pargana
middle
Part
tract
populationof 67,000.
Lai
the
Ulwur,
takes
Raja
451
pargana.
of
shrine
has
It
Ulwur.
no
it.
produced by
of
houses,and
too,
lake,and
no
416
It has
village. Here,
it forms
flows,and
of
last of the
the west.
(vale?),a
Shekhawat
Sidh
residence
Putli, belonging
bound
name
north-west
Chuhar
the
to
this
at
is
south-west
the hills.
close to
but
land
already mentioned
Dehra.
valley,and
furnaces
The
insignificant.
now
which
its
miles
seven
iron
largedam,
miles
It gave
Ulwur,
of valuable
extent
Akbarpur,
inhabitants.
are
built
Singh
of
south
Tahsil.
Kot
Jaipur territory
Rdht, part in the
Raht,
square
and
miles
occupied chieflyby
in extent, and
has
158
These
Thakurs.
For
revenue
The
only
work
to the
The
are
lands
which
on
held
were
Shekhawat
by
Chauhan
or
illoff.
now
In
hollows.
loamy
(an important
the
deep hollows
Bansiir.
town
inspected and
who
bandh
the Babaria
below
recentlyexpended),and
been
surface
with
alternating
has
sum
to the
near
established
those
are
large
of and
south
which
estates
see
statistics,
Appendix.
flooded
Captain Abbott,
"
old
parganahs are
part undulating
most
these
have
parts we
soils
regardingit
raised bars of
varying
from
"
sand,
good
The
Narainpur pargana, the greater part of the
of the Rampur, Hajipur, and
portions
Hamirpur
pargana,
hard
and
rich
have
a
soil,generallycapableof yieldingtwo harvests.
parganahs
The Sabf river forms the greater part of the boundary with the Jaipurstate.
It
flows with considerable force for a few days in the year, and then dries up.
It is
chiefly
regardedas a nuisance,owing to the uncertaintyof the direction of its flow,
in which
and the persistent
it cuts into the villagelands bordering on
it,or
way
compensation by leavinga good
depositsa layer of sand ; it, however, affords some
These
portion of its bed fit to bear rabi crops by the aid of peculiarmanure.
loam
to
sandy soil.
poor
very
the
and
Garhi
eastern
"
areas
The
further
in
the
called
are
11
many
next
KdtlV
in size is the
stream
on
'
parts
Rampur
cultivation.
ones
'
which
and
hills,
The
flow
'
Kullur
Kdtli
are
crops
interferes with
flowingnorth
only
one
other
past Harsorn,
streams
in
grown
the
Another
good produce.
of
any
basin,where
affords
importance
their waters
stream, rising in
considerable
are
are
the
for Kdtli
area
collection
retained
by
of little
the bandh
there constructed."
Much
land
after cultivating
trustingto their power
has
Abbott, as Settlement officer,
there can
be no questionof the amount
The
is
never
The
depth
more
of wells in
than
Bansur, from
70 feet,and
mudzinas, or
old
pargana
which
the
of these
should
20
papers, bear
to
so
that
in future
be
surface of
usually from
lands
paid.
the ground
to
the water
level,
30.
dates,F.
1152
A.D.1739),and
(i.e.,
H.
159
(
972
A.D.
(i.e.,
and
the
The
1564).
)
that
period
present:
"
comprisingpargana
accordingto muazina of H. 1152, of six villages,
Chind,
Bhubserah,
Bamanwas,
Hamirpur,
Kishorpura,
Hajipur (namely,Hajipur,
Bhuriawas),12,708 bighas.
Total
area,
Total
Jamma
of
of do.,Rs. 6485.
according to Settlement
of do.
Present
area
Present
Jamma
settlement
8464
survey,
bighas.
of
of H. 972, comprisingpargana
accordingto muazina
villages,
of Rampur
(namely,Mothiika, Fatahpur,Kaliannagar,Mandh, Mudli, Ghat, Balawas
Basna, Mukandpur, Lohech, Toda), 24,000 bighas.
Total
of twelve
area
of
Total Jamma
Present
of
area
do.,accordingto Settlement
of
Present Jamma
It has 620
rocky
The
houses
hill
and
over
but
city,
inhabitants.
2930
againstthe
first of those
here, the
built
which
than
more
There
town.
thirtyby
is
model
everywhereto
are
neighbourhoodof
buildings. The
of Ulwur
road.
practicable
fort
on
garrisoned
26,365 bighas.
survey,
do.,Rs. 11,890.
is situated
Bdnsur
any
do.,Rs. 19,403.
the
take
is remarkable
the town
bargat trees.
of
pagana
which
Bansur
and
(or the forty-twovillages),
is the
was
chief
Shekhawat
known
was
village,
Thakur's
estate.
as
the
There
"
Bealisi,"
were
three
such estates.
tants.
Narainpur is twelve miles south of Bdnsur. It has 1087 houses and 4460 inhabiinhabitants
has already been
Enough regardingits Shekbawat
with
that
of
Garhi
said (p.123). The
Mamtir, is composed
pargana,
The town
is a very ancient place. See
of the three Shekhawat
of the second
estates.
of
General Cunningham's "Ancient
India."
Geography
The parganahs of Narainpur and Garhi Mamiir
forms the Wai or the main portion
of it.
Garhi
sion
the
There
during
of
is
Mdmur
inhabitants.
the
pargana
Itdmpur
is six miles
was
disturbances
of Garhi
This
south-east of Bansiir.
eightmiles
is
Mamiir
the seat
was
south
of
of
east
1870.
The
off-shoot of
an
of Bansiir.
Chauhan
It has 251
the Shekhawats
old
estate
houses
took
poses-
which
forms
and
1076
M"Lm"ir.
Narainpur.
It has
familywhich
1013
held
houses
the
and
5289
tants.
inhabi-
and
village
it,which
form
the Rampur
The
togethernow
pargana.
old positionof the family,whose
still live at Bansiir,but in
representatives
duced
very rehas
been
in
the
of
the
considered
settlement
circumstances,
village.
It has 332
Ifarsora is eight miles north-east of Bansiir.
houses and
habitants
in2750
with
the
about
formed
Chauhan
estate
a
It,
it,
villages
;
but the Chauhans
were
entirely
deprivedof the management of their
and are not now
regardedas proprietors.
villages,
The
Hamirpur is eightmiles east of Bansur.
Houses, 153.
Population,2357.
and
of
third
formed
Shekhawat
the
Hamirpur
Hajipur
parganahs
about
others
Hanifrpur.
estate.
ffdjipur,six
"
1876.
miles
east
of Bansur.
Houses, 404.
Population,
H"jipur"
Tdlbirich
is
for
is famous
It
Narainpur.
of the
the head
at
pretty spot
very
160
hot
lch*
to which
tanks, and
water
into
passes
else iu the
of
wood
tdl
Cenotaphs
state.
other
and
medicinal
trees,which
(pentaptera)
Thakurs
of Shekhawat
are
virtues
are
attributed.
are
The
scarcelyanywhere
found
afford shelter,
situated,and
the tank.
near
DIVISIONS.
SOUTHERN
is the most
Katumbar
on
Bhartpnr territory
three sides of it,and some
Bhartpnr villagesare isolated within
is 122 square
Its area
miles, and its populationabout 39,000.
its limits.
Its
tahsil has
The
see
statistics,
revenue
crop
rates
of
revenue
67
which
of
villages,
74
For
as
Appendix.
prevalentare
are
follows:
fiscal and
14
(well)
follows
as
Sonkar.
.50
(denkli)
Barley (well)
(denkli)
..28
"
"
Cotton
"
Corn
Indian
Gram
Moth
crops
remoter
are
nallah
18
...
....
and
two-thirds
grown
The
..20
....
Bajra
Inferior Pulses
of
in order
from
2
.
(unirrigated)
(dahrlland)
40
....
Jawar
revenue-free.
"
Katumbar.
Wheat
About
partlyin
It has
partlyin
Narukhand,
Katumbar
Tahsii.
The
It is
tahsils.
eastern
the soil is of
inferior
The
chief
of extent, bajra,moth,
Lachmangarh
villagesirregularly.The
flows
Bhawar
into
the
Tahsil,but
nallah in the
south
the
water
of the
reaches
the
tahsil waters
161
(
and the
villages,
by name, there
three
Kkera
The
level in
water
surface,but 30
The
of
six
waters
villages.At
of these, Gala
one
bandh.
is between
wells of Katumbar
some
feet is about
old pargana
nallah
Ghossana
is
bear
papers
70
and
80
time
of Siwai Jai
feet below
the
the average.
date
Jaipur.
The following
are
specimensof
Area, according to old papers
s.
1786
the old
(A.D.1729),the
areas
and
Jammas
Singh
"
of
viz., Sonkhar,
according to
Jamma
The
now
Ulwur,
it
who
The
ousted
houses
and
wealth
the
which
; and
except
as
But
Marhattas.
Lord
Lake
In
the
that
marched
the
Mar-
out
the Ulwur
the
troops,
is
inhabitants.
3145
held
(A.D.1803).
year
of the neighbourhood,
of whom
one
respectable
persons
and
others
Bakhtawar
R.
to
M.
Kanungoes
complained
Singh
Katumbar
of
town
Katumbar, and
of
possessors
it,till s. 1860
of
some
the
this army
was
placeof Jaipuras
greater part
Brahmin, and
no
the
officials murdered
was
and
took
the
or
27,259 bighas.
30,455.
survey,
assessed,Us.
Marhattas
pargana,
hatta
of
do.,Rs. 20,275.
of
828
It has
importance.
Sonkar,
six miles
hundred
seven
was,
years
from
said,
possessionof Tasai,in Katumbar,
it is
originally,
Sodoli caused
site Sonkri
For
From
long
1834
attack
to
to
s.
Samiichi, eleven
,
There
good
tants.
inhabi-
1618
of
when
Sodoli
as
the
murder
of
Sodoli
avengers.
Brahmin
was
by the Minds
and on
destroyed,
of
the
time
1840
harvest.
much
in the time
and
ago, founded
Nimrana.
In s. 1840
pointed out in Sonkri.
till
S. 1859.
it
occupied subsequently
inhabitants.
known
pargana
houses
built.
was
a
s.
come
them
It has 374
Sonkri
Sonkar
as
Sonkar
the
of
village
chief
It is the
the emperors
Katumbar.
of
south-west
da/in
miles
is
south
the
In
Since then
Marhattas
1860
s.
devastated
the
it has been
of Katumbar.
It
Bhartpur
a
pargana,
the
and
gana
par-
part of Ulwur.
contains
the
the
Jats held
420
houses
and
2039
villagecontains
Samfichf.
land.
its population
70,000.
The
are
proprietors
as
follows:
"
one
pargana.
Its
and
villages
162
For
The
The
Appendix.
Lachmangarh Tahsil isfor the
statistics,
see
revenue
soilof the
Ghat,
are, in order
The
the
Rupparel,a
deptliof wells to
70 feet is to be met
with
canal
level is
the
bandh
to certain
bringswater
the water
most
of extent, bajra,moth,
flows from
nnllah
principal
irrigating
on
jawar,barley,cotton,gram.
Lachmangarh, and from
at
villagesafter
usuallyfrom
15 to 35
the rains.
feet,but
depth of
in the tahsil.
of
Lachmangarh was Taur.
Partap Singh got possession
it
and
the
fort
renamed
and
Lachmangarh.
enlarged
SariipSingh,
fort subsequently
endured
laid by Najaf Khan
a seige
(p.17).
It has
The town
of Lachmangarh is twenty-threemiles south-east of Ulwur.
houses,and according to the census, 3779 inhabitants.
The fort contains good accommodation
for the Chief when he visits the town.
The
old
of
name
placefrom
long bandh
detains
the waters
of
nallah
the south-west.
from
There
are
the
The
996
fine
on
and
Maujpur.
and
also
the
on
below
this bandh
census,
dahrl
near
3519
land.
the town,
inhabitants.
A
good road
Mdla
Khera,
between
railwaystation at
Rdjgarliis
the next
khand, but
and
It has
has
been
bazaar,and
constructed
between
stands
it.
and
Maujpur
Lachmangarh
of the southern
much
tahsis.
and
on
of its
is
area
Lachmangarh
The
villageis
Rajgarh.
its western
(
Mdcheri
is three
miles
inhabitants.
lake
the
Deoti, where
It
of
has
desolate
over
with
is met
on
hills,and
this
near
or
The
path
formerly very
was
and
Macheri
path.
been
2352
houses, and
593
estate.
part of Partap Singh's original
was
to have
is,seem
It
Rajgarh.
.Rajgarb is
containing fish
tank
unsafe.
north-east
it and
between
164
time.
It is
of the originalestate.
Rdjpura, the third village
Rajgarh, and
here
Jaipur troops.
contains
also
was
is
built
3281
Tahla, fourteen
west
the Deoti
It is situated
almost
an
fort
resisted the
successfully
advantageous.
very
Rajgarh,contains
656
and
houses
straightline,but eighteenby
It contains
pass.
in
The
of
bandh.
new
Rajgarh in
of
south-west
inhabitants.
2294
and
is not
of
south-east
It has
inhabitants.
through
here, which
miles
and
by Partap Singh,
long bandh
Reni, eight miles
There
houses
481
eightmiles
houses
418
and
circular valley,and
1846
fort stands
cart-road
inhabitants.
on
rock
it.
above
.,
water-fowl
and
On
There
the
tank
is
curious
of the
that
The
tank
was
provisions,and
Kho
are
blood
remain
until
so
Dariba,
two
has
been
ancient
an
the
he
raised
monument
in it.
a
half-effaced
It is said that
at
one
inscription.
time
the
the
water
Pundits
by
Bargujarproprietor
his son
beneath
and
it.
daughter-in-law
placed in their livingtomb with six months
was
warned
buried
were
to their memory.
in
adjacent villages
a
temple with
to this tank.
victims
habitants,and
described
of
red, and
taken, the
a
abound
remains
legend attached
turned
it would
advice
the
fine and
the
valuable
expended.
recently
Tahla
Dariba
Kho
pargana.
dam
on
which
is well known
has
2194
in-
largesum
of money
for its
copper-mine
elsewhere.
It
Nilkanth,in the hills above Tahla.
in the State.
archseologically
is
of the
most
interesting
places
plateauof these hills there
with templesand statuary.
Its old
a considerable
was
town, adorned
the old capital
is Rajor or Rajorgarh. It was
of the Bargujartribe,of Rajputs,
name
when
Tod
this
ruled
in
of
it
region.
speaks
as
a placeot
they
great antiquity(Tod's
The
remains
vol. ii. pp. 336, 338).
most
remarkable
colossal
a
are
Rajisthan,"
human
of those on the fort-rock at Gwalior
figurecut out of the rock,similar to some
a comparatively
which here
largepyramidaldomed temple,richlydecorated with figures,
one
Once
on
the
"
"
165
sculpturedin the
deservingof study ; columns there are beautifully
smaller scale,and of the
at Baroli
in. Mewar,* though on
a much
styleof columns
of
of
which
far
from
were
temple
Amarnath, not
publishedin the
Bombay, diagrams
both in honour
of
Indian Antiquary." Indeed, the temples at all three placesare
the
the same
erections
of
same
or
s
how,
as
century,
deity Shiv, and,
inscriptions
The
within
era
a few
namely, the tenth.
century, of the Hindu
years of the same
date s. 1010
in the largetemple of Nilkanth.
of Ganesh
is clearly
on
a figure
legible
The place would
from
be worth
visit
a
a competent
archaeologist.
for
but a largearea, is remarkable
with a very small population
Kdnkwdri, a village
and
in
porches seem
"
"
"
its fort,which
hill situated
the
on
of
and
of which
the nearest
about 1500
are
by higherhills,
This
plateauis approached either by a narrow
road, barelypassable for carts.
The
300
to
walls
outer
In the
feet.
have
has
thin
the
same
keep
from
come
walls.
year
The
as
of
this fort
of the fort is
Kankwari
stands
to
fort of
the Tahla
square
take
Kaukwari
fort.
common
people laboured
labour, at night. There
which
about
are
on
Kaukwari.
Nilkanth,
plateau as
same
It stands
in Ulwur.
any
8 feet
nearly surrounded
yards distant.
by
or
pass
circuitous and
steep
100 feet by
palacebuilt by Partap Singh,who is said
The
keep
possessionof the fort of Ulwur.
is said to have been built by Siwai Jai Singh
small
famine
work,
and
it is said that
unaccustomed
by day, and the respectables,
of
the
Mahadeo
foot of a
at
a
temple
outwork
(Chauburja),which temple is said to
is
to
little
the
manual
hill,on
be 1700
years
old.
Thdna
southern
tahsil.
It
has
adjoinsEajgarh, and
The
whole
of it,or
Jaipur territoryon its south and west.
nearly the whole, was
formerly in the hands of the Eajawats.
,
The
western
287
121
shown
For
part
of
The
It has
to
below.
revenue
see
statistics,
Appendix.
Tod,
page
646
area
23
which
TMna
GhazL
of the tahsil is
revenue-free
and
they belong,are
(
The
cent, of it is bad
The
principalcrops
The
and
Ajabgarh
not
part super-excellent,
most
than
more
ten
per
inferior.
or
these usuallyrun
ICG
grown
Indian corn,
are
Partapgarhnallahs
round.
They
barley,and
moth.
the two
streams.
Both of
principal
valuable for raising
the water
chiefly
are
are
level in wells.
BandJis
needed
are
good percentage
Much
land
is
pargana
is not
high rent
in wells is
land
waste
renders
statement
land.
as
It
year),and
crops
much
rarelyas
30
as
The
dahri.
has
this
feet
Raj
runds
is also very
of this pargana
an
of
peculiarity
dofaslibears
the
of
extraordinary amount
astonishingly
an
below
the
surface,and
in
Ajabgarh
Its distance
from
difficult;
consequentlythe peoplehave
purposes
rental,and
nominal
extensive.
unusual
Ulwur
the
of cattle is
number
use
that
a
kept,so
plentiful.The grazingland besides being so extensive is also very good.
which
the
hills are
remarkable
for their extensive tableland ; on
generally
between
for the tableland is mdla, and the valleys
very good. The local term
at
an
is
manure
The
grass is
called chhind.
The
was
yieldingtwo
in the
its well
feet.
The
of the
of
rate.
Water
15
entered
excellence
the
dofasli(orland
are
one.
desired.
were
not
of
the cost
on
several
at
not
old crop
the
marvellously
high in this tahsfl.
used elsewhere,so the rates
Raj bighagenerally
which
is '625 of an acre.
Settlement bigha
rates
revenue
common
are
Tbdna
Rs.
15
Sugarcane
Indian
corn
Cotton
and
"
700
An.
23
12
13
Pies.
840
...
280
120
100
...
12
...
Gram
are
120
(unirrigated)
"
Tobacco,wheat
Barley
below
...
1120
used
Rs.
...
...
shown
bigha
Ajabgarh.
Pies.
....
til
Jawar,bajra(irrigated)
(unirrigated)
Moth
(irrigated)
Dofasli
GMzi.
An.
The
...
780
800
...
12
12
...
.....
280
...
"
Indian
corn
followed
by
tobacco
wheat
or
by barley
Unirrigated
jawar or bajrafollowed
barley
by irrigated
lowed
Unirrigatedjawar or bajra folby well wheat
.
Cotton
followed wheat
Cotton
followed
Indian
corn
by
or
gram
followed by
tobacco
11
12
0
...
780
940
880
980
opium
14
12
...
"
13
"
12
(
Madho
Bhangarh
Thana
Singh,son
with
the
167
present Tahsil
of
Ghazi.
The
historyof
familywill
the
easilyshown
be most
DA'S,Chief
BHAGWAN
MiCn Singh
(Ak bar's famous General).
in the
of
Mddho
(who obtained
Chatur
Singh
(of BhiLngarh).
Singh
(descendants hold Suratgarh,
Thdna
Gha^i).
Hari Singh
(descendants at Piplai,
Thdna
Ghdzi).
"
Singh
Bhangarh).
Umed
Ajab Singh
Jaipur.
S6ja"nSingh
(descendants hold villages,
Agar and Ndngal of
Thdna
Ghdzi).
I
followingform
Kdbill
Bhim
Singh
(descendants have V. Burja).
Singh
Bhangarh}.
(Had Ajabgarh
and
|
Jeswant
Singh (succeeded
father). Abandoned
Bhslngarh,
and resided at Ajabgarh.
ChajtiSingh.
Nathti
Singh.
Dakhani
Singh.
Daulat
Singh.
The
obtained
and
since.
ever
in
1870.
A.D.
Bhdngarh
situated
Tahsil,was
and it is melancholy
the old houses
largeas
and
to
pass
shops are.
part of the
its main
up
The
extent
of Thana
of
Ghazi, the headquarters
country.
street
It is
deserted
of the ruins
in
now
and
ruins,
roofless
indicate
the
as
under
was
as
hill,
on
the lower
(
Ajabgarh,fourteen
town
miles south
of Thdna
It has
Ghazf.
2071
inhabitants.
The
it is said
founded
was
The
1692.
s.
168
richest tract
and
be
other
trees
stream
numerous
are
down
runs
the
on
one
it ; water
banks
grassy
of
temples,
Two
with.
met
of
Saraoglsthe
the
Palm
stream, and
gardensare to
Jagannath, are famous
other of
buildings.
A
a
narrow
and
dam,
records
the dam
there
built
Singh
livingthings,and
are
it
trickles
Sagar.
was
(sonof the
Madho
and
not
Som
called
that
which
to
pass
1654,
8.
in
1038,
H.
Jaipurchief)Dfwan.
adjuresall Hindus
the
time
It states
and
of Jalaludln
that in
Musalmans
Rdm
by
Akbbar
the Som
Sagar
and
Rahlm
disturb them.
to
ment
were
Ajabgarh and its dependentvillages
up to the Three Year Settlemahdl
held
estate.
At
that
Settlement
or
the
one
as
Captain Impey
villages
contracted
for.
were
separately
It is probable that a good road from Narainpur and TLana
Ghazl, running south
station
to a
the Jaipur and Agra line,would
on
through the Ajabgarh valley,
prove
a valuable
railwayfeeder.
has 1662 inhabitants,
Baldeogarh. This pargana lies east of Bhangarh. The town
It formerlywas
and is 20 miles from Thana
Ghazl.
known
as
About
R.
founded
fort
1830
M.
s.
and
a
Kaprlwala.
Partap Singh
The
fort was
called it Baldeogarh,after the temple of Baldeo.
completedby Bakhtawar
Singh.
of the hills,
hot springswith
of Baldeogarh,in a nook
four miles west
About
are
held
medicinal
fair
Narain
here.
Below
them
A
is
is a garden
to
reputed
power.
in which
the
Keori,"or screw
pine,is grown ; and their waters, copious for a spring
of the kind, irrigate
than one
lands of more
some
village.
The quarriesof Baldeogarhare spoken of elsewhere.
The
town
of
of
"
Partdpgarh.
forms
This pargana
is 13
road
from
miles
a
over
the
Thana
south-west
Ghazl, and
rougher pass
has
Thdna
644
Ulwur
is
houses
of the
and
2968
tahsil,is
26
inhabitants.
the
The
town
A rough
inhabitants.
Ajabgarh. Jhirri,famous
the state.
1480
it with
connects
of
corner
road.
s.
It has well-to-do
1832.
fairs to Devi
(spring)
hill with
miles
The
fort
south-west
road
and
Riipparel,
on
of
and
the top.
Ulwur.
connectingit with
needs the improvement
it is to receive.
The
present
town
town.
daughterhe
of
Mominabad
the
There
wished
to
imperialAmil
debauch.
Ghazl
was,
and
it is
Khan,
half east
said,murdered
another
of
the
site of the
by a Gujar, whose
official,
thereupon destroyed
169
Mominabad
and
his
and,
the
into
s.
descendants
relation
of
fort
masonry
Partdp
of
Bhangarh
the
overhanging
Singh
it
remained,
possession
obtained
the
founded
1518,
the
Raja
Raja,
the
Thana
is
built
as
Amils
until
In
Bhangarh.
a
of
town
present
said,
of
fortlet,
which
town.
Ghazi
about
s.
1832.
Thana
s.
s.
1825
has
Ghazf.
Ghazi
when
1616,
Birj
grown
the
Singh
into
Khan
town
came
Rajawat,
the
present
172
(
aid from
demand
article,it will be
In
Company's Government.
granted,and Maharao Raja agrees
the
the
aid at the
of such
of the expense
rate
same
as
to take
stated
himself
upon
settled with
been
has
above
event
the
in
this
charge
tains
chief-
the other
of Hindustan.
has been
treaty, comprisedin five articles,
above
The
duly exchanged
the
under
the seal
under
and
Excellencythe
treaty, under
seal and
the
the
Noble
Most
returned.
The
(Signed) G.
Raja'sSeal.
Company's
(Signed)WELLESLEY.
Seal.
This treatywas
TRANSLATION
OF
SANAD
all
GENERAL
FROM
BAKHTAWAR
To
LAKE.
SINGH
LORD
LAKE
RAJA
TO
1803.
SIWAEB
ULWUR.
OF
Maharao
Raja
Lake
Lord
one, General
for his
the
Until another
the
the
arrives,this
Raja.
Parganas Ismaeelporeand
and
Dated
districts be made
of
concurrence
Governor-General
Sanad
Nimrana, Mandan,
the
the Most
over
to the
Noble
the
Wellesley.
permissionof
given in place of
subjectto
expenses,
Governor-General, Lord
On
to
as
Cultivators of
being received,another
will be
will be recalled.
will remain
one
Moodawar, with
Beejwar, and
Sanad
Ghelote
in
the Talookas
and
of
Suraie, Dadree
Darbarpore,Rutaee,
and
wanah
Laharoo, Bood-
Bhoodchalnahur.
28th
November
Hijree,or Aghun
Sood
TRANSLATION
with
A.D.
1803, corresponding
Pooranmassee, Sambat, 1860.
OF
AN
ENGAGEMENT
THE
I, Aihmad
Buksh
Singh,engage,
ENTERED
RAO
behalf
of
(Signed)
BY
THE
WAKIL
G. LAKE.
OF
RAJA.
INTO
the
myself and
from
the
Maharao
Maharao
tawar
Raja Sewaee Bakhthat
aforesaid,
one
Raja
(
lakh
173
shall be
account
of the grant of the
on
paid to the British Government
its dependenciesand
fort of Kishengarb,togetherwith
the stores
contained
in the
fort and
the parganas
of Tijara,Tapokra, and
received
in
Katumbar,
exchange
of Dadree, Budwanor, and
Bhawna
Kerjah,shall be given under the seal and signature
of the Maharao
of the Laswaree
Naddi
shall always
Raja, also that the "Bund"
be open, inasmuch
is necessary
for the benefit of the country of the Bhartpore
as
adhere
to this agreement.
Raja will strictly
Raja. The Maharao
Whenever
ratified by the Maharao
an
engagement
Raja shall be received,this
of rupees
shall be returned.
paper
formal
as
21st
engagement.
Khan.
Rijile1220 Hijree.
(A true translation.)
Signed C. T. METCALFE,
A.G.G.
ENGAGEMENT
PART
THE
ON
Whereas
and
Government
that
this
be
of the
July
RAJA
SINGH,
1811.
successors,
with
Raja Sewaee
BAKHTAWAR
is
state
any
British Government
IGth
Bakhtawar
and
whatever
negotiations
or
consent
universallyknown
and
for himself
interests
Sewaee
Raja
Maharao
should
dated
MACHERRY,
OF
RAJA
MAHARAO
OF
chief without
or
the
into
enter
never
the
gagements
en-
knowledge or
is written
present engagement
Bakhtawar
any
the
of
Christian
Signatureof
Raja
Maharao
Bakhtawar
Singh.
ENGAGEMENT
Whereas
to the
Raja
Lake, I
to
according to
absolute master
Bakhtawar
Lord
half in money,
MAHARAO
my
of the ceded
to
the
Singh by the
cede
RAJA
SEWAEE
BANEE
than
territoryand
heirs of
no
the
Raja Balwant
Ulwur.
issue of
SINGH.
"c., were
Government
of
principality
other
an
British
equivalentfor those
brother
dear
the desire
and
die childless,
shall revert
OF
PART
THE
certain districts,
Tijara,Tapokra,Butaee, Moondawar,
late Rao
of General
and
ON
half
districts,
Singh
granted
through the
and
The
his
said
in
ation
medi-
territory
heirs in perpetuity,
Raja
shall
be
scendants
pecuniarystipend. If he or any of his dehis body remain, then
the territory
settled
If the said Raja or any of his descendants
his
own
loins,the territoryand
pecuniary
to be settled on
The territory
the Raja
go to the adopted child.
shall be compact and adjoiningto the frontier of the British domains, and shall be
not
174
(
protectionof
the
under
between
me
engagement both
for
The
Raja.
shall continue
guarantee of this
Raja.
Rajab 1241, Hegira,21st February 1826.
Hth
1822,
shall be
Government
British
and
me
Brotherlyrelation
Government.
British
Jeth Sambat
Soodi
Magh
the
the said
and
(A true translation.)
Signed C. T. METCALFE,
President.
U"Confirmed
EXTRADITION
the
Raja
WILLIAM
His
and
Baronet, G.C.B.,
the
on
the
Excellency
Right
him
by
Ulwur,
of
Honourable
SEWAEE
offence
any
in
person,
whether
British
and
His
heirs and
Highness SEWAEE
to
of the
SINGH,
the
Governor-
vested
MAIR
Governor-General
in virtue
executed
successors,
EDEN, Agent
of
full powers
aforesaid
in
him
LAWRENCE,
India,and on
conferred
"
FIRST.
or
Foreign subject,
committing a
territory,and
British
April 1826.
Sir JOHN
SHEODAN
ARTICLE
That
his
FREDERICK
OOMAPERSHAD,
RAJA
MAHARAO
GOVERNMENT
G.C.L.I.,Viceroyand
14th
on
Rajpootana, in virtue
General
by
MAHARAO,
part by Colonel
SINGH
one
in Council
the BRITISH
between
TREATY
SHEODAN
on
the Governor-General
by
delivered
up
by
the
the
limits of
the
latter Government
heinous
Ulwur
to
the
manner.
SECOND.
ARTICLE
That
the
any
delivered up
apprehended and
in the usual
by
to
the former
on
requisition,
manner.
THIRD.
ARTICLE
other than
Ulwur
subject,
committing a heinous offence within
in British territory,
will be
asylum
seeking
such
court
the British
as
Government
by
apprehended,and the case investigated
such
will
be
tried
the
of
Court
cases
As
direct.
the
Political
rule,
a
by
general
may
Ulwur
o
f
at the time be vested.
in whom
the political
supervision
Officer,
may
That
the
person,
any
of
limits
the
Ulwur
an
State, and
FOURTH.
ARTICLE
That
of
the
in
heinous
no
case
offence,except
Government
committed
; and
within
sustain the
the
upon
such
person
chargeif the
be bound
to surrender
requisition
duly made
by,
person accused
the authority
of,
any
by
charged to have been
of
evidence
criminality
as, accordingto the laws of
accused shall be found,would justify
his apprehension,
territories the
whose
also upon
offence had
offence shall
be
or
175
ARTICLE
That
offences
the
:
followingoffences
FIFTH.
be deemed
11.
2.
Attempt
3.
Culpable homicide
to
murder.
G.
7.
8.
9.
10.
under
the
category of heinous
13. Cattle-theft.
ing
aggravat-
14. Arson.
Thuggee.
Poisoning.
Rape.
Causing grievoushurt.
Child-stealing.
Sellingfemales.
15.
17. Criminal
breach
18. Criminal
of trust.
misappropriationof
Abettingthe
above
perty.
pro-
offences.
SIXTH.
ARTICLE
of any
utteringbase
or
coin.
19.
expenses
Forgery.
coin
Counterfeiting
16.
Dacoitee.
The
within
Robbery.
Burglary.
12.
circumstances.
5.
coming
as
"
1. Murder.
4.
in
detention,or surrender made
apprehension,
the
borne and
Government
defrayed by
virtue
shall be
foregoingstipulations,
of the
making
the
requisition.
SEVENTH.
ARTICLE
The
above
shall
parties
force
in
of its wish
until
either of
to terminate
the
high contracting
it.
EIGHTH.
ARTICLE
to
affect any
far
as
any
Treaty now
Treaty may
tween
existingbebe
repugnant
thereto.
Done
Mount
at
of
October, in
the year
(Signed)
of
Lord
our
W.
F.
1867.
EDEN,
A yen t Gorei-nor-General.
(In Persian.)
Signatureof
Oomapershad,
of
Vakeel
Ulwur.
(Signed)
Ratifythis Treaty.
This
Treaty
India at Simla,
The
to
Ulwur
was
on
ratified
the 29th
Chief has
by
day
His
of
LAWRENCE.
of
Excellencythe Viceroyand Governor-General
October 1867.
W.
(Signed)
MUIB,
ForeignSecretary.
(January 1877),under
of Calcutta,silver to be coined
the Mint
JOHN
the Native
into two
Coinage Act
laks of rupees,
and
of
1876,sent
is about
to
State to abstain
for thirtyyears from
agreement pledging the Ulwur
the
destruction of worn
and
regarding
making stipulations
coiningin the State Mint,
coins,regardingcounterfeit coin,the issue of coin, and the callingin of coin. His
Highness is the first Native Chief in India to take advantage of the Native Coinage
enter
Act.
into
an
176
1
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.5 .2
|!2
fc
o*
E-"
Pa
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"3
to
"
.5
"IIS
3
s#
^""1
jaT!
1"
c"
"
jj
^a
A
J3
to
"N
to
C
1?
-?.
B
a
02
a
""
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la
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"
""
177
SKETCH
III"
The
Aravali
of
State
of Ulwur, situate
range
is
occupied by
nearly 2400
feet
THE
OF
few
miles
OF
the
to
of hills ; the
ranges
above
GEOLOGY
the
of the
east
extended
highest of
of the
level
surroundingcountry,
ULWUR.
about
and
sea
formed
of wide
which
axis of the
rise to
1600
tion
eleva-
an
feet above
The
complete semicircle.
Ulwur,
are
only narrow
ridges,
varyingfrom 200 yards to a mile in width, but to the west the ranges form a large
of hills,in places upwards of twenty miles across, intersected by narrow
group
valleyshaving the same
general direction as the hills themselves; both, in fact,
followingthe strike of the rocks.
A considerable varietyof rocks are exposed in the hills. The principal
:
are
from graniticsandstone
to a fine compact
Quartzites,varying in texture
In
the
of the
east
meridian
of
the
of
town
there
"
quartzite.
Bands
of hornblendic
Limestones
rock.
in the
of them
some
full of
and
state
crystalline
horubleudic
minerals.
Hornstone
breccia.
slates.
Argillaceous
Schists,
staurotide,garnets,"c.
containingandalusite,
Granitic gneiss.
the whole belong to one
the exceptionof the gneiss,
With
has been
Very
plainnear
little of the
series.
gneissis
It is confined to
seen.
at the
isolated hillocks
some
on
the
base of the
surroundingridge,
Parli,a coarse
gneisscontaining
porphyritegranitic
of the Aravali series.
tourmaline is well seen, capped unconfirmablyby the quartzites
bedded
of an
The
Harsora
hills round
formed
are
gneiss ; but it is
obscurely
of
the
beds
Aravali series being
doubtful to which series it belongs. The bottom
rocks
to deterin
these
there
in contact
mine
hills
other
sometimes
and
are
110
gneissose
;
Reni,
Tatra
between
the
The
and
outcrops
some
point.
of this
rocks
north
and
south
of
repetitions
together; the
former
have
latter
been
is
dip
always
"
The
are
of
divided
by
at
and
denudation
less
into the
70
following
groups,
The
group
Many
hard
feet above
the
angle than
The
Aravali
scries,
rocks
the
folded
plain,while
valleysformed
Ulwur
up
the
in them.
degrees.
descendingorder
in
Their
"
group.
Raialo
Ajabgarh "
Kushalgarh
"
"
"
bottom
boundary
Raialo
Mandan
high,seldom
circle.
with, and
met
partiallyremoved
The
"
are
remaining as
The
The
rocks
same
south-
and
to north-east
twisted.
and
are
hills,
greatlycontorted
most
and
the
group,
state
situated.
the
Raialo, is exposed
in which
It
is also
the towns
seen
of
few
in
the
three
bays,near
Baswa, Baldeogarh,and
miles further
north
near
the southern
(
the
In
Jhirrt
Baswa
the
Bay
is very
group
of
narrow
178
of the Ulwur
quartzites
group.
In the Baldeogarh Bay, a broken
ridgeof quartzitesextends from near the town
the marble
of which there is a largespread extending
of Bhdngarh dipping north ; under
of the ridge. The quartzite
is compact in texture, and
about
three miles north
bedded.
grey in colour, and regularly
varies considerablyboth in colour and texture, but white is the prevailThe marble
ing
marble
be
Hornblendic
colour.
obtained.
A coarse
can
or
very finelycrystalline
dippingunder
the
minerals, such
large spread
extends
The
marble
occurs
little farther
into the
Ulwur
territory.
relation
of the
Raialo
determined, as
extends
In
it rests.
side
then
which
group,
This
rests
is the most
the
upon
prominent
it
from
is
In
the east
Rajgarh on
formed
the
on
be
cannot
large spread
of
gneiss
Baldeogarh,the alluvium
up
southern
rocks
the
to
side.
On
upon
ridge,but
both
Bides
of the
group
as
series,
of
not
it.
The
only
are
Ulwur
the
highest,but
part is built
on
the
it,
sides of the
both
the
fact,nearly
it rests
it
gneiss.
high hills on
the
extends
overlappedby
At
portionof
northern
which
is
debris.
the Todi
the
by
ridge of quartzite,coveringthe
the
of
; there
exposed
are
Another
in it.
Kho.
at
gneissupon
is covered
junction
southern
the
to
up
the
it.
abundant
very
north
the
quartzite to
junction sections
no
Raialo, but
of
which
and schorl,are
tremolites,actinolite,
as
of the
The
south
of
mass
and
of it.
The
important
most
member
of
is the
this group
of
quartzites,
which
there
is
of it is
repeated at
rocks
As
both
above
I have
gneiss.
dozen
the
base
times
below
and
before
Sections
place near
greater part
in
them
are
said,the Ulwur
of
of
the
a
junction
high scarp
ridgesouth
occurs
under
the Tatra
occurs
at the
dippingat
series
and
synclinals in
which
the
upon
the
exposed.
overlaps the Raialo
group
of
the
and
is
of
anticlinals
of
two
are
mostly covered
the road
upon
series
leading to
this rests
North
the
of
scarce,
and
as
rests
it
by debris.
Tatra.
The
bedded
regularly
road
generallytakes
coarse
quartzite,
additional beds
come
high angle
the
the graniticgneiss and
the quartzites.Resting immediately upon
graniticgneiss is a band of conglomerateabout two feet thick, composed principally
in
between
of
rolled
to
pebbles of quartz
of which
the west.
; upon
were
this there
is
some
considerable
apparentlyderived
from
the
thickness
gneiss.
of
This
an
arkose
passes
up
quartzite).
Up
Berla
180
section of the
Ajabgarh group in
isolated ridgeseast of
ridge extending south
the
the
spread
of
the
of the limestone
in the
valley,nearly two
Kushalgarh to the
the quartzites
into
head
the
It
Kushalgarh valley.
miles
wide,
and
extends
of the
valleyat Talbrich
Narainpur valley. In the
the whole
covers
from
two
this
beyond
or
point
branch
southern
of the bottom
three
miles
east
it passes
of the
of
round
valley it
tends
ex-
Indok,
near
where
it becomes
The
of the centre
extend
into the
only a
few small
on
Narainpur valleyas
hills of the
eastern
angleof about
here
edge
degreesto
represented by
far
little of breccia
but
occupied by
ka
Ghazi
remainder
Thana,
is covered
by
seen.
north
rocks
of that there
are
and breccia
alluvium.
for
and
broken
but
is
slates. These
of the limestone
some
quartzitesat Ulwur
the east,under
the black
section of the
and
the
Kushalgarh limestone and .breccia,
extends
covered by the alluvium, which
overlyingquartzites. The slates are entirely
to the Moti-dungriridge,nearly the highestmember
Of the ridgeson
of the group.
the eastern
side of the State many
of the rocks
of the Ajabgarh
of them
formed
are
Thus
in the hills forming a broken
circle a few miles east of Ulwur
; in the
group.
there is a hill of the Ulwur
the
centre
quartzites dipping in all directions towards
of
the
under
the
of
the
a
nd
on
edge
circle,
ridge
Ajabgarh rocks,consisting,
encircling
the
side,of
eastern
abundant.
there
is
above
stones.
The
black
Kushalgarh
The
double
four
on
the
slates and
quartzitesin
side
western
limestone,probably the
thickness
the
limestone
centre
and
ridgeseast
of
anticlinal in which
the western
hillocks of the
the black
rocks
considerable
Between
few
as
the
of the Ulwur
80
by
quartziteand
valleyis
an
of the
of the
covered
there is
of
rough
hill and
higher
are
same
as
blue
the
crystalsof Andalusite
which
that
At
the
section.
in
the
quartzitelargelyquarried
ridge are
are
Loharwari
in
some
hillocks
for
formed
grinding
of
the
breccia.
Malakhera, something in
the
Ajabgarh rocks
Ulwur
the
181
(
limestone
garh
and
the black
come
the Berla
breccia
with
slates,
quartziteof
which
on
band
of talcose limestone
the
near
four
base, and
covered
formed.
ridgesare
by
This
; it
contains
speciesof
numerous
black
mineral,
probablyhornblende.
anticlinal
In the eastern
Ulwur
The
as
western
Nowjanwa,
where
the Ulwur
south-westerlydirection
Ulwur
Tasing,as
well
south-east
of Ulwur.
form
The
quartziteinterbedded
of
these
in
rocks
doubt
arises
known
rock
Again, at
their
from
the
schists
Mandan
and
a
in
exceptionof
northerlydirection
lake in
under
the
far
as
it, and
in
the
synclinal
trough of
the
schists
of the
those
andalusite,"c., in
breccia between
corner
state, at
ridgesof
rests
unconformably.
clear.
known
the Kaimur
There
series of rocks
the banded
red
the north.
On
is
Aravali
long
the schists,and
is little difference
that
well
as
it
any
of the
separated
sandstone,the
The
evidence
upon
lowest
of their
the
as
member
north
side
are
some
ridge of
of
the Gneiss.
are
hills of
the
Mandan
containing
very
Mdndan
similar
rocks
here
represented.
geologyis probably
be little doubt that they
ridgesof the Aravali rocks
the upper Vindhyan series,
Indian
the Gwaliors
than
as
territory,
In
the
ridgenear
exposed dipping
at
is not
only two
Hindoun
highangleto
quartzite,
sandstone,and limestone
on
the
Gwaliors.
These
the
schists
quartzites,are
being younger
series
between
Ajabgarh
the
double
the
probable that
seems
the
from
hill formed
This
Ulwur
series ; thus
of Ulwur
So
evidence
no
position
all.
disconnected
Mandaor,
the
series at
converging towards
quartzites
in
schists,apparentlyforming a synclinal
the
there
Mineralogically
group.
upon
ridgesof
two
of the
two
is
bands
mile of alluvium.
dipping towards
they belong
isolated ridges
Mandan
thin
to
as
the
state,
in
some
doubt
to
T^e
the
abounding
some
the
and
actinolite,and
is
of
corner
at
There
if
even
occurring in
between
occurs
or
north-west
Mandan, Bdrod,
Mandaor, thirtymiles to
them.
Near
south-east
both
south,and
rocks and
ridgesin
consists of
group
with
of the series.
about half
them
the
ridge at
series
the
Kushalgarh limestone
so
the
the Deotl
double
the
as
of
to
beyond
the
andalusite,staurotide,garnets and
crystalsof
which
anticlinal extends
quartzitesof
miles
some
the
exposed,with
quartzites.
The
from
similar section is
are
minerals
useful
The
in
Ulwur
182
are
more
)
than
numerous
Economic
geology.
Copper pyrites
Rutile.
ArgentiferousGalena.
Manganese, and
Nickel.
Several old copper
a
years,
had
ore
They
con-
Iron.
exist in
workings
considerable
almost
are
abundant.
Bist of"
of
amount
ore
entirelyabandoned.
abandoned
be
to
the richest
has been
extracted
natives
that
The
in
Ulwur,
say
of the
consequence
fell together,
burying a number
mines
from
; but
influx
of
the
at
of
some
of
of
the richest
In
water.
have
miners, and
other
not
cases
been
since
re-opened.
The
followingis
of it observed
traces
list of
the west.
ridgeto
Kushalgarh.
Baghani.
Partapgarh.
Bhangarh.
important
most
clinical bend
adit
An
or
Tasing.
the
Indawas.
The
worked,
"
Dariba.
In
been
has
copper-ore
of these is at Dariba.
in the black
level is driven
slates and
into
The
quartzites,the
the hill
through the
of the
beds
lowest
black
in
is situated
mine
in
slates,
sharp anti-
Ulwur
group.
southerlydirection,
that
declare
extremity,but
rich
of
nest
it had
formerlyPolitical
The
Agent
the
decomposition of
ore
is to be
found
short
has
these
on
account
open
extracted,but
the
miners
some
which
I found
they get
of copper
traces
bit the
the
on
size of
extensive,and
of
result
but
little
nut.
geologicalhorizon
same
are
little
in the
cutting from
20
to
feet
30
deep, from
in
which
About
full of water.
a mile
workings are now
engaged in sinking a small pit in Kushalgarh
ore.
of two
or
three
schist hills
small
pitsnow
fallen
together.
Tasing.
near
Small
iron.
mine, probablythe
nearly abandoned, and
the
of Dariba.
west
is
long
workings
in
in the hillside.
arsenical
with
pyrites,mixed
Captain Impey,
natives
the
by
pitssunk
black slates
some
its southern
near
of
the instructions
level
the
of the water.
observed
were
below
pit sunk
to drain the
The
many
there
been
limestone,from
The
distance
Indawas
copper-ore
the
of copper
traces
ridge a
Near
from
of copper
of copper
I had
seen.
Ulwur,
at
in the form
occurs
copper
quantitiesof carbonate
the
in
occurs
abandoned
The
ore
to be
for
very
of
men.
few
years
since,a
small
limestone
for
fallen
together.
short time
depositof
near
the
silver lead
Gudha, and
ore
died out
ore
was
pitwas
in every
discovered
sunk
in the
in it,but
direction.
The
after
garh
Kushal-
working
pit has now
(
Mallet
Mr.
discovered
distance
south
Moti-dungriridge, a
Iron
in largequantitiesoccurs
One
near
Rajgarh, and the other
to
ore
large number
workings,
these
immense
an
The
mines.
These
but
near
able
rocks
to determine
mixture
the
of
of Ulwur.
the
iron
several
be
to
the
limonite, magnatite,
Contains
and
analysisof
59 '6 per
of
cent,
found
in
shown
The
ore
found
Aravali
the
bit of
iron
The
was
iron, and
for
from
the
contain
in situ,but
the
fallen
Khetrl
Bhangarh
the
number
analysisboth
On
shown
was
been
latter,however, only
I
from
ore
not
was
Bhangarh
mineral
"
of
cobalt,
was
produced.
of
fired.
fragmentswhen
the
iron
I
trace.
pit from
the
Shekawati,
it had
flew into
mine.
the
or
rocks
iron, and
in
mines
balls,which
cannon
by debris, that
zaipurite,"a
"
which
from
ore
successful.
not
mineral
the
the
at
nickel,iu
was
but it had
series
used
came
to
inquiriesfor
of the
of manganese.
"
making
strike
of manganese
12
When
angle
an
the
to
junctionscovered
oxide
series.
the
been
at
following is an
Aravali
the
have
hundred
appeared
The
point.
Rutile.
state.
must
disturbed,and
so
the base of
placesnear
Bhangarh. They supply
in
are
excavations
small
sorae
two
near
of
quantity
are
in
furnaces
excavations
thirty wide.
the
of
rutile ("titanic
acid) in
some
short
183
and
tried
which
the
ore
to
find
it had
been
were
the
ore
taken,
together.
Building materials,some
of
very
superiorquality,are
abundant
in
the
Ulwur
hills.
Kirwari,
nearly
20
of
capable
At
Mandan.
and
feet
long
and
Rajgarh quarries I
the
2 feet wide.
The
have
rock
Mandan
slabs
seen
of
this
rock
thin
slabs.
Ajabgarh
The
quarried,that
It is not
valleywould,
The
think
not
of the
there
marble
the
it
are
at
used
for
of, in Ulwur,
be
can
the
base
very
of the stations
roofing most
but
some
of the
hills
of the
in
the
railway.
Ajabgarh
slates.
slates
of the black
"fec. It is
door-posts,
of carved
is used
soft stone
and
for ornamental
from
marbles
millstones
durable.
can
be
had
near
Kho
and
Baldeogarh,and
black
marble
Moti-dungriridge.
Good
poses
pur-
easilycarved, but
group
still very
Coloured
I know
limestone
form
Raialo
The
been
Talcose
in the
do
slates have
are
made
from
the blue
quartzitesof
the Goleta
CHARLES
ridge.
A
HACKET.
from
ABSTKACT
IV."
CaptainImpey, when
Captain Impey's
settlements.
Political
t^e ^an"^
revenue
based
were
184
OF
SETTLEMENT
Agent
an
settlement
of the
made
Ulwur,
three
two
The
pay.
settlements of
summary
of collections for
last
for ten.
They
expired in
appointed,with
could not
settlement
settle- mary
of 1872.
seven
Summary
ment
REPORT.
1871, and in
a
regular
A.D.
directions
make
to
revenue.
regularsettlement
As this
of
average
the firstfor
"
on
and
be
at
was
once
years,
sum-
new
revenue
raised
was
"
Ks.
Average
Average
Annual
The
collections of
with
made
was
survey
plane tables.
obtained
were
Efficient
of
1858,
1,429,425
1861, 1,719,815
of
.
superintendentsand
British territory,and
from
1,892,513
about
90
tors
inspec-
measurers
Siirvcv
but
(Amins) ;
nearlyone-fourth
determined
were
the
in
Provinces.*
West
The
the
and
village
maps,
in the
of each
rent
neighbourhood,and
tenants,
kind
In
to, and
referred
adopted
rent-rates
rent
as
But
fourths
of
assets
the net
three-fourths
by
the
than
more
where
villages
often
old
the
off
the
on
to
means
every
one
crop
"
bhach
for the
of
rates
from
revenue
"
rent-rate
true
revenue
the
information
fixed
had
more
or
Favoured
all
villagefrom
all the
assets
determined.
was
no
In
arranged synopticallyin
village.
The portion of
marked
the
their
(or
rate
lands
worst
were
pargana
proposed.
rent-rates
of
The
below.
and
was
the North-
in
practised
rent-free grantees
locality.Cultivators,
between
the rents ; quarrels
assessed
lighton them.
Heavily
villages,
threw
with
compared
shown
are
the total
assessing,
where
rent-free
questioned about
in the hands
always
veyed
sur-
in the
concealment.
attempt
not
different
that was
distribution)
prevailed,
The
of villageservants.
revenue
by
last
directed and
manner
officials were
sometimes
and proprietors
could
get
proprietorsof which
would
the 357
These
of
made
were
surveys
inspectingofficer endeavoured
cultivators
the
plane table.
of the
use
State were,
made.
were
rentals
The
Of
1431.
number
and
in the
proficient
the villages.Field
of
which
fiscalvillages,
bast)maps
Patwarrfs
rendered
effort,
dint of much
or
130
the
to
statistical paper
share
into
taken
were
necessary
the State
as
sources
sideration,
con-
assessingofficer
prepared
for
each
generallytwo-thirds.
was
lower rates.
assessment
modifications
AppealflThe
*
of
the
Mr.
first fixed
were
consulted,
made
by
and
some
the
Political
field
according
Agent.
with
villages
system of assessing
North-West
heard, tahslldars
were
sums
Colvin'a
Manual
Provinces
were
and
lump
his Memorandum
found
sums,
on
valuable
specially
the
aids.
instead
of each
revision
of settlements
in the
(
the ryot-warreesystem, was
Impey'ssettlements.*
of Rs.
amount
the
on
of
assessment
the
but
47,293 ;
it bad
adopted,as
to
Reductions
185
the
ten
increase
net
been
Captain
the
given to
were
collections of the
the
on
before
even
settlement
year
in vogue
of
last year
The
and
settlement of 1872.
summary
The
assessments
shown
are
in the
rate
the
bigha on
per
present cultivated
area
record of
papers
on
the
on
attached.
statement
rightswas
neatlybound
were
tracingcloth
80,000
"rights?
attached.
laboriously
compiledfor each village
; the
and the village
together,
field-mapcopied
made
were
of
to the amount
in progress, advances (takavi)
for
the
of
wells. The
to villagers
construction
was
nearly
lands
imposed
water-rate
merged.
the
be levied each
to
the
hough
area
under
positionof
Rs. 50
of
their
the
rest
were
been
ability
by means
guidance of
Water-rates,
the season,
greatlyimproved.
Most
formerlyreceived
are
four
compelledto
for the
separate
month.
of the
use
sums.
has
there
6, 7, and
454,t learnt
The
and
Now
year.
Rs. 5,
respectively
out
Patwarrees
was
subactually
J
land
on
greatlywith
irrigatedvanes
so
peoplegenerally
preferred
lump
The
only
*
year
streams
Patwarrees
prove
of it to restore
in
their
been issued.
Govindgarh. It
the
Hazarl
by
formerlyirrigated
by
Govindgarh
Tahsil.
bandh, the dam which affected the battle of Laswaree.
Although the
since s. 1894
tahsll has not been so irrigated
rates
(A.D.1837),the high revenue
The
notice additional
only tahsll requiring
the
was
Before
annual
land
revenue
to
Riiparelbrought into
there
it
in
were
vogue
four modes
of
fixingthe
"
or
JBigheri,
assessment
the Darbar
for each
employed in
Contract
the
same
for
rates
or
ago.
Singh ; and
years
the pargana
are
rate per
short
It
term
latter would
to
seems
have
been
before
Major Impey's
throughout the State.
generally
t One
crop
speculator.The
crop
by
kind of crop.
Sometimes
in the same
village
year.
hundred
and twenty-one
introduced
by
settlements
it
are
Musalman
ministers
of M. R. Baniu
prevailedextensively,indeed
grades. Amongst
them
included.
2
pretty
the
veyors
sur-
186
which
originally
were
that
was
and
necessary,
in
of
some
and
all,
was
The
1st
the
with
Captain
Powlett
of
it
existing
at
revenue
assets.
net
the
revenue
paid
Council,
came
into
force
crop-rates,
been
of
for
of
judicial
under
310,000.
This
includes
the
Officer
Political
by
for
twenty
of
to
appeals
,.,.
Political
of
Agent
principles
the
Agent,
on
which
disputes
as
Settlement
Department,
,,
follows
"
........
right
or
biswaddri
....
Miscellaneous
.......
Appeal
.
Total
were
"c.
were
whilst
Ulwur.
Boundary
Proprietory
this,
operations
months,
cases.
,
Of
survey.
Agriculture,"
decided
cases
years.
Rs.
1872.
as
"
i.
sixteen
been
months.
rights,
proprietory
treated
has
Settlement
Cadell
Major
tenures,
"
for
run
of
four
and
years
"
to
is
account
on
officiating
acting
have
four
"
settlement
settlement
was
was
the
been
has
summary
Abbott
of
cost
been
The
Judicial
sanction
the
the
were
The
people
the
that
of
cent,
per
the
and
Io7o,
total
has
taken
time
determined,
how
sequence
con-
remissions
89,912.
Us.
to
notwithstanding
75
with
10*0
September
115,000
Rs.
Crops,
than
101,876
the
and
upheld,
Large
marvellous
was
possible,
more
settlement,
new
The
Major
was
Rs.
it
less
or
state.
new
on
connected
that
were
it
from
high
more
distressed
very
reduced
reductions
Settlement.
The
were
so
unless
commen-
of
cement
was
in
been
had
irrigation
was
villages
reduced
of
the
to
villages
revenue
substantial
never
Date
the
the
due
the
.....
13,800
exclusive
"wa"H!A
PIMM
CO
NAH
irrigated
ways,
see
KATLI,
Irrigation."
land
a
ous
"
var
DAPR
8.
ALABI
58
^
o
"
o
'Pint U9
I
I.
O
^5
-3
S
w
H
"putii ip^
"pn
H
OQ
jo
'C
~-
-'.'""
"
"
O"
~.
w-
C*
"."*!.
oio"
ej
"*"
E3S
JO
.'7.1.
""n
CO
"e
1-1
eo
I-H
)I! .."
-2
i
"6
i
"
p"
-4
"
-e
"
*
g
^"^
"
"
i K
s"
'
"1
"
1* 8
cc
E-
"
"-"
(
AGREEMENTS
V."
192
BETWEEN
BRITISH
THE
AND
ULWUR
GOVERNMENTS.
BAHADUR
SINGH
the
on
the BRITISH
between
AGREEMENT
GOVERNMKNT
MAHARAO
RAJA
authorityfrom
Ulwur, under
His
HIGHNESS
ULWUR,
OF
one
and
SEWAI
executed
successors,
Alfred
MANGAL
the Court
at
of
C.
Lyall,Esq., Officiating
Agent to the
Rajpootana,in virtue of the full powers
him
vested
in
Robert
Edward
by His Excellency the Right Honourable
Lytton Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton of Kneb worth, G.M.S.I., Viceroy and
the other part by Pandit
Governor -General of India, and on
Rupnarain Rai
Governor- General
Bahadur,
of
Member
him
conferred upon
of
Government
territories
own
in
thereat
duty
as
render
may
of
on
is
the
within
manufactured
now
saccharine produce
States ; and
willingto co-operate
both
by making such
abolition
of the
inland
risk to the
other
the
abolish the
to
proposes
other
with
the
British
arrangements
line
customs
Imperial salt
in
in
the
revenue,
articles,
or
entering,
leaving,
Ulwur
territories is limited
in
inferior in
quality;
followingarticles are agreed upon
quantityand
The
salt
and
sugar
without
neighbourhoodof the Ulwur State possible
all duties on salt,sugar, and all
and by abolishing
territories ; and
its
passingthrough
Whereas
thereof
other Native
and
measure,
the
full powers
abolishingartificialrestrictions on
pursuance
levied
Ulwur
this
of the
of Ulwur.
is desirous
trade,and
giving effect to
in
Government
in virtue
Regency Council,Ulwur,
into Ulwur
territory
British
the
Whereas
the
of
the Government
by
line and
customs
exportedfrom
its
the
internal
impediments to
inland
States
Whereas
and
the
for
"
ARTICLE
FIRST.
of
by the British Government, the Government
and
shall suppress
Ulwur
absolutelyprohibitand prevent the manufacture of salt
within the Ulwur
State,whether overtlyor under the guise of manufacturingsaltpetre
that salt cannot
other saline product,and shall destroy existingsaltpans,
be
so
or
and
From
made
after
to be
date
fixed
therein.
ARTICLE
and after
From
date
of
to be
kind
transit duty
any
of,the Ulwur Government
or
that
Provided
choongi,or
other
and
territory,
that
or
be
within
duty
this
on
populationof
Provided
not
further,that
from
or
export, import,
no
permission
knowledge
or
territories.
to
or
duty, shall
of the conclusion
less than
the
articles
any
of this
five thousand
nothing
by, or
Government,
with
for actual
levied
the Ulwur
octroi,choongi,or other
such
it is not
cess
intended
shall
nothing in
SECOND.
in
this
duty
it may
not
agreement,
unless
(5000) inhabitants
article shall
on
be levied in any
be held
to
town
tains
con-
; and
debar
the Ulwur
opium,
bhang, ganja,spirits,
consider necessary
where
town
such
for excise
or
purposes.
other
THIRD.
ARTICLE
The
Government
consumptionwithin
by the
controlled
Ulwur
prohibitand
British Government,
on
and
which
shall
also,if
requiredby
so
ARTICLE
of
territory
British
drugs or
has
produced.
salt so
Government
into and
prevent the importation
the Ulwur
British Government
The
shall
of Ulwur
193
any
of the
intoxicating
precedingarticle.
FOURTH.
at
of salt be
considerable stock
the time
when
herein
the
ARTICLE
The
with
British Government
its
establishment,which officer
so
Ulwur, and shall,when
small
Government
shall at
of
FIFTH.
own
or
expense
maintain
one
ordered,visit any
or
officers
more
the orders
of the
tories,
terri-
be appointed
and report to the Government
of Ulwur, or to such officials as may
of Ulwur
to receive
such reports,any infractions or allegedor
by the Government
issue for the
of Ulwur
suspectedinfractions of the orders which the Government
may
purpose of givingeffect to Articles I. and II. of this agreement, and the officer or officers
of Ulwur
with
aforesaid may be invested by the Government
authorityto investigate
all such
as
infractions and
the Government
to
of Ulwur
may
ARTICLE
In consideration of the due
before such
and
of the Ulwur
tribunals
offenders.
SIXTH.
effectual observance
by
of Ulwur
the Government
of all the
hereinbefore provided,
the British Government
stipulations
agrees to pay to
of Ulwur
thousand
the
of
hundred
and
sum
one
yearly
twenty-five
in half-yearly
instalments,the first instalment to be paid after the expiration
months
from the date fixed as providedin Articles I. and II.
the Government
rupees
of six
Provided
that it be
proved
to the
satisfaction
of the
Government
of
Ulwur
that
ture
privaterightshave in any case been infringed
by the suppressionof local manufacabove providedfor,the said Government
shall equitably
compensate any persons
whose
for any losses therebysustained.
rightshave been infringed
to deliver yearlyat Sambhur, free of
Further, the British Government
engages
cost and duty,one
ment
thousand niauuds of salt of good qualityfor the use of the Governof Ulwur to any one empowered by the said Government
of Ulwur in that behalf.
ARTICLE
None
of the
without
the
SEVENTH.
2B
or
fied
modi-
1148P.
No.
SECRETARY
the OFFG.
From
194
of INDIA
the GOVERNMENT
to
A. 0. HUME,
to
Esq.,C.B.,
SpecialDuty.
on
(ForeignDepartment, Political.)
1877.
therewith,which
State.
Ulwur
proposed to
the honour
I have
"
approves the
between
in Council
(Signed)
servant,
THORNTON,
T. H.
0/g. Secy,to
under
AGREEMENT
the Native
MAHARAO
ARTICLES
OF
and
under
power
made
under
And
whereas
by
section
under
only
with
the
Act
any
made
first three
such
is
requiredto
the
the
Mint
of Calcutta
has
requested the
the
case
coined
are
such
send
And
to
and
metal
mint
any
by
in
Raja
Highness the said Maharao
said Act, and has, pursuant to
Government
of
coins,and
under
India
the
the Government
such
has
the
corresponding
India
metal
to
be
Mint
mentioned)the
is
of Ulwur
the power
of India
that
coin.
State
Native
authority,sent
lakhs
into two
said Act
exercise
to
India.
British
therein
it into
convert
shall be
power
condition
into agreements
whereas
(subjectas
and
is the
of the
silver to be coined
said
shall enter
presents.
to
Act,
same
receive
His
meaning
of the
coins
in British
such
that
which
that
specifiedmetal,
of any
legaltender
Council
in
Gazette of India
coins
it is declared
conditions,amongst
articles of these
under
whereas
And
within
such
be
part,
one
in the
the
coins,or
State,shall
State is authorised
coin
into
Master
of
certain
Native
Native
the
on
by notification
in the
INDIA
OF
ULWUR
OF
four
RAJA
declare
to
the
exercisable
time
of money,
of payment
tender
to
THE
ULWUR.
OF
the GOVERNMENT
MAHARAO
THE
the Native
time
from
between
made
HIGHNESS
His
Whereas
has
AGREEMENT
EAJA
HIGHNESS
with His
the
and
Government
obedient
most
be, Sir,your
British
the
execute
to
of rupees, and
recited
hereinbefore
consented
the
to
in
such
exercise
to
power
"
aforesaid
from
coining silver
or
jurisdiction.
with his
or
in
the
time
term
their
his
be
own
Mint, and
also
being a legaltender
struck
permissionat
under
any
the
that
undertakes
in British
authority
placewithin
or
coins
no
India,shall
of
himself
without
his
or
or
after
his
their
INDEX.
A.
Banni
PAGE
Abubakr
Bansur
Barah
AdilShah
Administration
114
Advances
185
Afghans
15,26
124
Barod
Bas
158
Stream
Bards
192
Ahirs
21
157,
"Barahkotri"
Agreements
Agriculture
Singh
142
Kirpalnagar
87
Bhangarh
45
Bhindiisi
137
167
133
...
Ahmad
Khan
Ahmad
Baksh
Bijivar
4,5
Birds,
19
Khan
Ajabgurh
of
List
37
Bisaldeo
168
Ajmir
14,25,140
Blair
25
...
Akbar
7,
Akbarpur
Akhe
Singh
20, 21,
Alaora
Alam
Blights
10
Altamsh
...
...
...
118
Border
23
Brahmins
Buffaloes
78-80
Passes
Settlement
Boundary
147
Khan
99
Boating
159
29
43,123
106
...
Ammujan
Appeals
85
Bullocks
184
Appendix
Materials
Building
22
106
171
...
Aravali
...
...
...
Series
181
Aristocracy
C.
119
...
Armoury
Army
118
107,
Artillery
Assessments
108
Cadell, Major
107
Camels
184
Camp
...
B.
25
106
118
Equipage
Canal
90
Carts
97
97
Cattle
Bdbar
5,9
Cavalry
Baghor
133
Census
Baghora
138
Chand
3,4
Bahadarpur
Bahror
140,
Banisrawab
Singh
Charaonds
153
...
Dasis
Charun
140,159
Lodi
Bakhtawar
37
"
'
BahadarNahar
Bahlol
107
141
Chiman
143
Churaman
19
Balban
59,60
Chauhans
121
Singh
20,23
11
Climate
128
110
Coinage
Baleta
157
Communications
Baldeogarh
169
Copper
78,80
...
Balwant
Singh
21
87
116
Council
Bambohra
138
Country,
Bandoli
154
Courts
Baniyas
43
...
Description
of
27
114-116
114
Revenue
...
H.
PAGE
Courts, Criminal
114,115
PiOl
Nazul
115
"Habub"
Civil
116
Hajikhan
Hajipur...
"HakMujrai"
Hammirpur
"
"
Cows
106
Crops
87
Rotation
of
89
"
Customs
102
48
7
159
...
...
...
...
48
159
Hansi
Hardeo
Singh
25
Harsoli
138
Harsora
D.
159
...
Hasan
Dahri
92
Damdama
134
Dasa
13
2-4
Dehra
157
Dig
1
112
Dispensary
48
Hemu
Hills
28
Hindal
Hindu
Dehli
Diseases
Khan
Deities
52
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Horses
...
Hoshdar
18
Humaiun
Establishment
Hunting
Elephants
105
Impey, Captain
Imtiyazis
Endowments
Ill
Indor
Education
73, 74
Expenditure
Treaty
119
108
4,134,135
80
Irrigation
174
Islam
F.
90-92,103,108,139
...
Shah
Ismail
Fairs
Beg
11,12
Ismailpur
138
Isroda
137
71,72
Fatehbad
138
Features
of
Country
118
Shah
Fiscal
J.
28
Festivals
Divisions
...
37,126,127
Fish
Floods
Jadu
2
...
Jagirdars
30
Jail
99
Jains
31
4,6
Jai Singh
Jallu
107
Jats
122
...
109,110
69,70
Forests
Ulwur
...
Fort
5,9
...
Iron
100-102
Extradition
Fort
6, 7
I.
E.
Firoz
105
Khan
Garrisons
11
...
...
43
...
Foreign
Service
48,49
Jewano
135
Jhindoli
140
Jhirka
Jhirri
G.
Judicial
85,etseq.
Cases
"
..
Galena
182
Games
46
Gardens
K.
103
Garhi
23
Genealogical Tree
176
Kadirnagar
Kahan
Singh
Geology
177
KahfrPanthis
Gifts
Ill
Kairthal
Glass
86
Kalas
44,45
86
Kama
14,19
Garhi
Mamur
Gneiss
Gobindgarh
Grass
Gujars
"
Gunijau
Khana"
159
144,145
33,34
Kankwdri
43
Karnikot
119
Katumbar
Karauli
140
14
60-69
135
165
2
140
160, 161
198
PAGE
Khdnzadas
Khizar Khdu
2,39
3,4
KhoDariba
164
Khora
14, 25
Khushak
Ram
V.F:
4
...
...
...
...
153
Mubarakpur
76
Municipalities
70, 71
Musalmans
17
Kitchen
(Eassoi)
"KothiDasapra"
119
108
Kotila
3,4
Kucha
Mubarak
19
wan
N.
NajafKhan
Najaf
Kuli
Nallah
Beds
11
93
...
159
Narainpur
L.
17
11, 12,
...
Khan
Narukhand
Lachmangarh
Lakdir
162
Singh
Lake
19
Nasiruddin
Lakes
29
Nickel
Lala
13
Lai
LalDasis
53-59
Land
Claims
Land
Revenue
119,120
12, 13, "c.
Nariikhas
23-25
Das
Families
Naruka
95
189
182, 183
153
Nikach
Nikumpa
Nilkantn, Remains
...
...
...
...
of
165
Nimli
133
121-123
Nimrana
Laswarree
19
Nixon
Lead
Ore
83
Nogawan
153
Library
119
Nurnagar
138
Lime
98
Limestone
Literature
...
...
...
Appendix
O.
74, 75
96
Occupancy Rights
Ochterlony
M.
21
'
123
Officials
Macheri
Mahesh
Mahtab
23,24
7,15,164
2
Singh
P.
25
"Malbah"
46
.:
...
MalaKhera
157
Malliks
10
Mandawar
138,
Mdndan
141,147
Mandha
139
134
Mangal Singh
Maharaja
"
24
24
...
...
Manisni
...
...
...
...
...
...
162
...
...
24
Manufactures
...
...
...
Marble
...
...
Mewat
...
People,Condition
...
...
...
...
...
...
44
of
18
...
Police
106
89
44
Poor
Population
Price Current
112
Prithwi
1, 2
Public
50, 51
98
Pulj
Works
Pur
2
108
138
41
...
...
,..
...
...
Minerals
31,86
Mines
80-83
Mint
Muazinas
108
Pensioners
143
Mewathi
Minas
15
190
Patwarris
PipalRhera
Ploughing
37
Meos
...
...
16
118
...
...
...
Menagerie
Meteorology
168
...
...
89
88
...
14
Partapgarh
Partap Singh
140
135
...
15
Para
Phalsa
...
Masit
...
14
Thikauas
...
Measures
Panch
Perron
76-78
Manure
Maonda...
14
Paliva
...
Manjpur
Manphul
140
Pahal
Pai
110
189
Quarries
83-85
199
R.
PAOB
Surajraal
PAGE
Raht
1, 167
Rajawat
Raialo
182-184
Raja Bahadar
Rajgarh
Rajpiira
Rajputs
Ramgarh
Rampur
T.
23
20,
...
162-164
164
Tahla
39
Talao
164
164
Talbirich, Hot
Tapokra
144, 145
159
Ramsewak
19
Tazims
Ramu
21
Tenures
Ranthambor
15
Thana
88
Thana
52
Tijara
Tillage
Timurlang
18,
...
Reaping
Religion
...
Reni
164
Rent-free
Holdings
125
of
160
134
122, 123
94, 95
18, 25, 164
Ghazi
165,166,168
2,4,5,11,126-132
87
3
and
Grass
103,
of Wood
118
"Toshakhaua
93,94,185
of Game
Reserves
Springs
...
Rates
Rent
15
184
Survey
78-80
104
Trade
103
Treaties
Appendix,
...
"
Revenue
171,
172
...
Rewari
1,
...
Rivers
31-33
Trees
100-102
2
28
"Rozindars"
U.
108
Rupnarain
25
Ulwur
City
Ulwur
Tahsil
1, 155-157
154
S.
Sahwal
21
Saligram
21
Salt
"
Saltpetre
Sampradiyas
Samuchi
86,
Vaccination
103
86
Vakils
53
Vegetable
85
Sanitation
112
Sarehta
134
Schools
113
97
Productions
Ill
Vishnuites
53
W.
48
Settlement
31
Vehicles
161
Sandstone
V.
184.
Shahabad
Wages
133
88
...
Sheodan
Singh
23, 24
Sherpur
SherShah
7
52
Shrines
Sikandar
128, 143,
Wealthy
Weights
Wild
71,72
Lodi
Water
153
Shivites
Wai
44
...
98, 99
Animals
34,
Slates
85
Slaves
124
Wood
104,
Workshops
119
...
188
Songs
45
Soukar
161
Streams
105
109
Wrestlers
...
Stone,
35
...
Soils
190
Prices
of
Z.
85
28
Zanana
117
..