Aim-Study of battery charging system.

Apparatus RequiredTheory -Charging system is required to recharge the battery which is an

important component of
electrical system of an automobile. Charging is required as the capacity
of a battery to
supply current is limited to the energy stored in it in the form of chemical
energy.
Battery supplies the current to run the starting motor, various lights and
horn, etc.
The charging system generates electricity to recharge the battery and run
other electrical
Components of a Charging System
Charging system consists of :
1.Generator or Dynamo-It converts mechanical energy into electrical
energy.
2.Regulator-It controls the generator output according to the need. It
controls the current or voltage.
3.Relay-It is used to control the flow of current between generator and
battery. It acts as circuit breaker.
ProcedureThe current from an alternator is rectified into direct current by a set of
diodes that allow current to flow through them in one direction only.
To charge the battery the voltage supplied to it must not be too low or too
high.
The alternator has a transistor-operated control device that regulates the
voltage by supplying more or less current - as required - to the
electromagnet.

The rectifier and regulator are usually inside the alternator housing, but
on some alternators they are outside, mounted on the alternator body.
A dynamo does not need a rectifier -there is a voltage regulator in a
separate box, which has relays.
One relay controls the voltage level by briefly cutting off the current in the
field coils.
The second relay prevents the dynamo from overcharging and damaging
the battery.
The third relay stops the battery discharging when the dynamo is turning
too slowly to charge it.

Q1. Draw the circuit of battery charing system.

Q2. Explain safety precaution taken while charging battery.

Q3. Describe battery ratting.

Q4. Describe battery maintenance schedule.