Chapter 7: Systems of Equations and Inequalities

7.1

Solve Linear Systems by Graphing

System of Linear Equations:

Solution of a System of Linear Equations:

Use the graph to solve the system. Then check your solution algebraically.
1

6 x + 2y = 8
3x + 4y = 16

2. 2x y = 13
y + 3x = 12

3. 3x 2y = 16
5x + y = 18

Solve the linear system by graphing. Check your solution.

4. x + 3y = 9
4x y = 8

5. 5x y = 4
2x + y = 1

6. 3x + y = 7
2x + y = 8

7.2

Solve Linear Systems by Substitution

Solve for the indicated variable.

1. 9x + y = 7; y

2. x 4y = 1; x

HOW TO solve a linear system using SUBSTITUTION:

y = 3x + 2
x + 2y = 11

Solve the linear system by using substitution.

1. x 2y = -6
4x + 6y = 4

2. y = 2x + 5
3x + y = 10

3. x y = 3
x + 2y = -6

4. 3x + y = -7
-2x + 4y = 0

3. 2x 2y = 8; y

7.3

Solve Linear Systems Using Elimination

HOW TO solve a linear system using ELIMINATION:

3x + 4y = 8
-3x + 5y = 10

Solve the linear system by using elimination.

1. x + 2y = 13
-x + y = 5

2. 5x + 6y = 4
7 x + 6y = 8

3. x + y = 1
-2x + y = 4

4. 9x 3y = 18
3y = -7x + 30

5. -8y + 6x = 36
6x y = 15

6. 4x + 3y = 18
4x 2y = 8

7.4

Solve Linear Systems by Multiplying First

Solve each system by using elimination.

1. 2x + y = -9
4x + 11y = 9

2. 6x 2y = 1
-2x + 3y = -5

3. 2x + 5y = 3
3x + 10y = -3

4. 3x 7y = 5
9y = 5x + 5

5. -3x 4y = 27
5x 6y = -7

6. -2x 5y = 9
3x + 11y = 4

Word Problems

Driving Your brother and sister took turns driving on a 635-mile trip that took 11 hours to complete. Your brother
drove at a constant speed of 60 miles per hour and your sister drove at a constant speed of 55 miles per hour. Let
x be the number of miles your brother drove and let y be the number of miles your sister drove. Solve the linear
system x + y = 11 and 60x + 55y = 635 to find the number of miles each of your siblings drove.

Fundraising A wilderness group is selling cans of nuts and boxes of microwaveable popcorn to raise money for a
trip. A can of nuts sells for $4.50 and a box of microwaveable popcorn sells for $3. The group sells $252 in nuts
and popcorn and they sell twice as many boxes of popcorn as cans of nuts.
a. Let x be the number of boxes of popcorn and let y be the number of cans of nuts sold. Write an
equation that relates the number of boxes of popcorn sold to the number of cans of nuts sold.
b.

Write an equation that gives the total amount of money made in terms of x and y.

c.

How many boxes of popcorn did the group sell? How many cans of nuts did the group sell?

Car Wash A gas station has a car wash. If you get your gas tank filled, then you are charged a lower flat fee x in
dollars for a car wash plus y dollars per gallon for the gasoline. Two cars fill up with regular gasoline and both get a
car wash. One car uses 8 gallons of gasoline and pays $22.80 for the gas and car wash and the other car uses 6
gallons of gasoline and pays $18.60 for the gas and car wash. Find the fee for the car wash and the cost of one
gallon of regular gasoline.

Electricians Two different electrical businesses charge different rates.

Business A charges $30 for a service call, plus an additional $45 per hour for labor. Business B charges $45
for a service call, plus an additional $40 per hour for labor.
a. Let x represent the number of hours of labor and let y represent the total charge in dollars. Write a
linear system that you could use to find the lengths of a service call for which both businesses charge
the same amount.

b. Solve the linear system.

c. When will the businesses charge the same amount?

7.5

Special Types of Linear Systems

HOW TO identify the number of solutions:

Elimination:

2x + y = 1
2x + y = 5

3x + y = 1
2x + y = 3

y + 3 = 4x
3y = 12x 9

Graphing:

Graph the linear system. Then use the graph to tell whether the linear system has one
solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
1. x + y = -2

y = -x + 5

2. 3x 4y = 12

y = x - 3

Solve the linear system using substitution or elimination.

3. 3x y = -9
3x + 5y = -15

1. 15x 3y = 12
y = 5x - 4

2. 4x y = -4
-8x + 2y = 2

3. -12x + 3y = 18
4x + y = -6

4. 6x 7y = 5
-12x + 14y = 10

5. 3x 4y = 24
3x + 4y = 24

6. 10x 2y = 14
15x 3y = 21

7.6

Solve Systems of Linear Inequalities

HOW TO graph a system of linear inequalities:

y < 2x + 6
y > -x 3

Graph the system of inequalities.

1. y < 3x
y > -2x + 1

2. y < x 4
y > -x + 3

3. y > -2
2x + 3y > -6

4. y > 0
x >2
2x + 3y < 6

5. y > -x + 2
y <4
x <3

6. x + y < 10
x y >2
y >2

Write a system of inequalities for the shaded region.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.