Organizational Structure

Basic Theories in Educational

Administration
(EDA 6565)
In stru cto r:
D r M o h d Jo h d i S a lle h
 IN S T IT U T E O F E D U C A T IO N
N T E R N A T IO N A L IS L A M IC U N IV E R S IT Y M A L A Y S IA

Presenter :
Nahdi Samae | G0921795

Institute of Education | IIUM

11 th May 2010
 Content
• OVERVIEW
• CONCEPT
• CLASSICAL MODELS
• AXIOMATIC THEORY
• ALTERNATIVES
• REMARKS
• REFERENCE
 Overview
• Definition
 It is a framework for vertical
control and horizontal coordination
of the organization, mainly
hierarchical concept of
subordination of entities that
collaborate and contribute to
serve one common aim.
 O ve rvie w ( co n t’)
 The structure depends entirely on
the organization's objectives and
the strategy chosen to achieve
them.
 An organization chart illustrates
the organizational structure and
how it intends authority,
responsibility etc.
Organization Chart
 Concept
• Organizations are a variant of
clustered entities. An organization
can be structured in many different
ways and styles and will determine
the modes in which it operates and
performs
 Classical Models
 Pre-bureaucratic (Before 1950s)
 structures lack standardization of
tasks. This structure is most common
in smaller organizations and is best
used to solve simple tasks. The
structure is totally centralized
 Bureaucratic structures
 have a certain degree of
standardization. They are better
suited for more complex or larger
scale organizations. They usually
adopt a tall structure.
 Bureaucratic Model
Characteristics
• Division of Labor
• Rules
• Hierarchy of Authority
• Impersonality
• Competence
•
 Axiomatic Theory of
Organizations
• Definition
 An axiom is an established rule or
principle or a self-evident truth
 Theorist
• Jerald Hage
– Professor in Sociology, University of
Wisconsin
– Proposed the theory in 1965
– Based on theories of
 Weber, Barnard and Thompson
Concept
 The 8 Variables
• Organizational Means

COMPLEXITY
 The 8 Variables
• Organizational Means

CENTRALIZATION
 The 8 Variables
• Organizational Means

FORMALIZATION
 The 8 Variables
• Organizational Means

STRATIFICATION
 The 8 Variables
• Organizational Ends

Adaptiveness
The 8 Variables
• Organizational Ends

Production
The 8 Variables
• Organizational Ends

Efficiency
 The 8 Variables
• Organizational Ends

Job Satisfaction
The 7 Propositions
The 7 Propositions
The 7 Propositions
The 7 Propositions
The 7 Propositions
The 7 Propositions
The 7 Propositions
TH E 2 SYSTEM S
MECHANISTIC
ORGANIC
 Alternative Theories
 McGregor: Theory X and Theory Y
 Individual vs. Organization
 System 4 Organization
 Shaping School Culture
 Moral Leadership
 School Based Management
 Total Quality Management
 Compliance Theory
 Simple Structure
 Islamic Perspectives

 Remark
 facilitate working relationships
between various entities in the
organization
 support command for coping with a
mix of orders and a change of
conditions while performing work.
 allow for application of individual
skills
 Therefore it shall be altered from
time to time to enable recovery.
 Reference
• Abbas Ali.(2005) Islamic perspectives on
Management and Organization. USA Edward
Elgar Publishing Inc.
• Hage, J. “An Axiomtic Theory of Organizations,”
Administrative Science Quaterly, 10
(1965):289-320.
• Lunenberg, F & Ornstein, A (2000) Educational
Administration: Concepts and Practices (3rd ed)
USA, Wadsworth/Thompson Learning
• Silver, P. (1983) educational Administration:
Theoretical Perspectives on Practice and
Research. NY, Harper and Row.
• http://www.merriam-webster.com/