Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
0 INTRODUCTION TO SCIENCE
Plants Botanist
Substances Chemist
Science Form 1
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Rock and minerals Geologist
Apparatus Use
_______________
______________
____________
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____________________
____________________
__________________________________
_____________
_________________
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3. Some substances in the laboratory are hazardous.
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1.3 The Steps in a Scientific Investigation
How to thest the hypothesis, what apparatus to use, how to put the
appparatus together, what materials are needed and what procedure to
follow
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1.4 Physical Quantities and Their Units
1. There are five physical quantities which are used in measurement, i.e.
____________, __________, __________, _________________ and
______________________.
2. All the physical quantities are measured in ___________.
3. ______________ are used when the values measured are either very
small or very big.
Mass
1. The mass of an object is the _______________________ in it.
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2. The SI unit of mass is the ________________.
3. Mass remains ______________ everywhere.
4. The instrument that is used to measure mass is called a _____________.
Weight
1. The weight of an object is the ______________________ acting on the
object,
2. The SI unit of weight is the ________________.
3. The weight of an object is _______________ but varies from place to
place because gravitational force changes from place to place.
4. The instruments that are used to measure weight are the
____________________ and compression spring balance.
Weight Mass
The gravitational force acting on an The quantity of matter in an object
object
Not fixed, depends on the force of Fixed
gravity of the place
Newton (N) Kilogram (k)
The measuring instruments used: The measuring instrument used: beam
spring balance, compression spring balance, lever balance, electronic
balance balance
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1.6 Measuring Tools
Measuring Length
1. Length is the ______________ between two points.
2. The SI unit of length is the _______________.
3. Other commonly used units of lengths are the centimetre (cm) and
millimetre (mm).
4. (a) For accurate measurement of length using the metre rule, the eye must
be placed vertically above the mark is read.
(b) If the eye is wrongly positioned, incorrect readings will be obtained.
5. Steps for measuring the length of curves.
(a) A string is traced over the curve.
(b) The string is then straightened and its length is measured using a
metre rule.
6. Steps for measuring the diameters of spheres or cylinders.
(a) Callipers and metre rule may be used to measure the diameters of
spheres or cylinders.
(b) External callipers are used to measure external diameter while internal
callipers are used to measure internal diameters.
Measuring Area
1. The area of a surface is the area between the edges of that surface.
2. The SI unit of area is the __________________.
3. To find the area of a regular plane surface.
Measure the appropriate lengths shown in the formulae and then calculate
the areas based in the respective formulae as shown below.
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4. To find the area of an irregular plane surface
(a) Estimation of the area of an irregular plane surface can be carried out
by placing the surface on a graph paper and drawing its outline on the
graph paper.
(b) Find the area of each square of the graph paper. Count the number of
squares lying inside the outline. An incomplete square lying inside the
outline is counted only if half or more than half of the square lies
inside the outlines.
Measuring Volume
1. The volume of an object is the space occupied by that object,
2. The SI unit of volume is the ______________________.
3. The other commonly used units of volume are the cubic millimetre
(mm3), cubic centimetre (cm3), millilitre (ml) and liter (l).
4. To find the volume of a solid object with a regular shape.
Measure the appropriate length shown in the formulae and then calculate
the volumes based on the respective formulae shown below.
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5. To find the volume of irregular shaped solid objects which do not
dissolve in water
(a) Use the __________________________ method.
(b) Immerse the object in a measuring cylinder which contains water or in
a displacement (eureka) can filled with water.
(c) The object should be completely immersed in the water.
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