My3en. Bail forc.l B AMCTep,ll<!lIl'H!] BMOOl'JlfD B ceO.f.l Ca1i/lyID DOm,myKlB I\[Jl1pe KO.llJ.le:!{:q:flIlO pauoit- Bas: Tora H<lIP:!ri'J.

Y co 3I1","mreJThHbrM IWJllif"leCTBOM IlQ;rIOTI!!H, :r,l:i'leYN~mEl, rpanl!Opl1 CKjlJ'IbIU'YP i!J;p:)iTI'lli: ~a~Tepu:m3 XIX BeK'3,,, Sa. cp'aIlHJ'1'l'~Jl1>.fiO IWpOT.K.Iiilt ITepMO~ BpeMeml, npOlUigll'IJ:U1:l1 C MOMEFITl:1! o'l'KPhITl:iJI M,YSeR B .19''1' iI 'ropY, IG:J!K :110C'1"OJ'lBHOrO lI;I1?.eT.a npe.6i.m:iHHlI pi>iiom" 113 KOJJJIeKn;~nl <DoH;li[a B:K.nCCl'!;f'a Baa Jora, M)'3f)m YJKI<! y;o;aJlOCb !:.IDI:C'KaT.1n o.rpoMHj"IiJ" nOHj'J[!IpHiOC1'b. Sa. !I'M 110 3aJIaM naurero l'lIj'3<efI npOXQlll:l'l' 60.J!I!ee Ml'1JL1fJllQif.lB nQCel":l<IT,eJl1qti:, n:p~~:exaJ3.j]:n>tx co ueex YI~OJmoH 3EtMHOrO nrapa.

Ot),lJal!l..a.n olloJIee qeM' 21HI ]]OJIOTefl., 500 PHI.CYHKOB H Bl:Ij'UlHTE.'.llbHlbIM. apXJ,rBOM, HaC"ll1.TbmarolI~K·M :m),PIi;!l,'KtI '7 010 "l]UC~M. :BaH ['ora, ~'Iy;3!?P n~lTp OCTllmp!!1'l'.!ll"JlJBaeT B!)CXl1meIUI1',le ];l:3F ~l ;:i.Ll(j!5.H llell:eA ~~'CKyCC'l'E!~, no .l't ~iU~'Ji'MeOI'P,aHr.1'-1HHElyJO BOc3MiO"li;;HOC~ ;o;e'T'DiJl];,13:0 03HftKOMlifT:E"C.i::r C TEI:O"pqeCTB·OM ~1 xapasrepca caMoro X)T,l;lO)IGIlIKa nero anexoz. nO'ce~e[-tu !l\ry:3ell Ban Ibra Da3BC:J:FUON:,:'jJ: ymlK.8JffiHhIM:

O('jcP~l3'Or,.\'[ npIJCJle,g11"r'b IlO·j'1'~[ KalK".!l;bm TIQII'OPQ'i', KaR'::p;ylO aexy aa H'eJl,OJIT'OM 'TBopqeCIC(lM nyTIiI:

XY,1l,'OlIcfoo.;:a., ]·Ia"LI: .. ·man c e:UJ :nep:Sb:iX P05Kl1X nom:.n'OK Kl(!C':EJ:!: :[1 C'li'e.!iH:~ ~'Pe3,BoTo peaJlIJ13"MH U 3aKa:l:l.~tMBaH MarliNCecKol:!: na.rn:!.'lTpo,i.'i ero nOC'J!~.fj:'lIJ.:: 1J00]QI'J"eI3:. Bee a'TIfICap'IH:m,I IlPEJ.1.t::Tfi"'BJ]e.HM ae easrano ceoe, aiIlil,illiJUOTca. q;aCThlO ElQCC'Ii',alQlJJ;cit'i rrepEA; 1'J'I.8I.33!:M:J1 3'p~Te'JI8 HC'l'OPKH OIna1-U'ap,1I,"Jtcu;xnro ~1:I;Ky,ccTBa XIX M RaqaJHII XX 'ne[{QB'; :l-iap,HAY C K,apnmal'lU:!: B~:!lICe[Ha Baa for.a. 3pMl'em. l .. lLOlKeT H~:tJIa;!Il;lt'itM.".J'.i. [[o.Jj.OT-F.!.EnM~BeUJf[O!lrX 1!.-'!:OI.C"l'epOD TOrO B,penlelu1"

Pl'Q~ pa5ot:, npe,n;cTaB,j!JeHlu~nr r·ra: C'FpaHrut3!X ]]y6IDJKa:u~nl, 6MJ!! npwo6pereH cpaUt:Uf':re'J.I.bHO He,IlaBHo. K (!"'a.C:T":IO., Mj'~eM l-le D,WI."'HOK B CBOJi:[X YC':l'peM.i'le[mlIX tID.IlOJi1H11TE. H yc,oIlepmlYiJ1C"rDQBa T.b MY3:E:iilHYI,O .KoJ'J:JJeO{u;j:Ho, O:rp()IlilJ~.a:fi DlCliMC[[tb a·aTOM: 6],:oI~IIii.'l OKa,s,aRaJ 'CDQ~CQpallo~:" H 6.rra.FOTBlOflMT9\UHMl1:. "We,m;H KO']"l!J.rH,lJC aC'co~;fIjQ;llJ . .;:Ji ({Veren.i.gi.ng Rembrandt» :Han;HOlfiaJu,HEidt {Il0H};l «Nat<ionaa] Fonds Kunstbezib., o6~M;qJ1He.i:l:Ue .. MondriaaD Sttehting», ,cpol'lJ!t .... VSS~Foncls» If Koprrop,auwfl «Sal'aL~I1!' Corpm['atlC!'n~I" My3ek 'BaH rura HIlJIJl!~" .. e~ o;ql'U,Url.H3 '1eTblpex~'y:J~e:!iI, U{'-JIh3yWIl.!,.J:lXC8 (l)lmaHcoEl'o~ nlo:Mre-p;atK.O:iIl: J1I'OTepek:I~«SpOnsol' Bingo Lo'terij:», aa noc,rre;til;HMt!' HeeK:OUIJ:..KO JI~T OK0I3 a~:w,~iii:

HeO"II;,eHJfMJi>tii UK.IIa,1l; II (j<.~uteCTB..l1eHlile H:OElb:IA npff(}Eip@TI.1l'l'I:M:M:,ftJiUI M)r"3ew{c:li1 Ko;m.leKW'.IJ.Ii"

f'

B 3· a ;oJ,· .. ··m· :'.IT'OrO aJH,,6-oMi:li Elxo;q;lfcT 'l'R"!OKe nOITl'1'l'o:I!'l'l>C1iI (1'il'.pa3:liL'I'.1> O,C06:h01 xap'~KTflp' X'y~'O~K€iLl'F.l1e.ElHoili.

Ko.JDI~J\! MY~e11 Ban Fora .. 3'1:11. 110A6op~(a C13 C'L'a me,n:eepoBHKJ,I]1;JQo;le'FB ceeli.! .oo.m;.:moe 'KlIfCJIO an!:li.'lJil'TeJlh,.i:!.hD..: pa:OCI'F BaH . ora, ,a. '1'<l.):D!l:.'e xapaxrepasre lJOJlU'r'Ha. ere) !Q)Y3ew n I;!OBpeMeln-mK.oB".1'alU1X . . !!:aK MOR~, '!YJlYJ-JIoTPeK .M. Forea, TeKCT" COllPO'I'!O:l'K7l:,aI{U.l~lrli. penpoJtYK[l101 ,m;OF.lO:J[hHO [~pal'QK, - n:yC'l'h K<l.p-1."M:HbI fOnOpflrT caMli sa c~6a:.v.t::(1l{:peHHe Ha;u;,e'}Qcb,'lTO 'm1'aT~JlTO UpJ1,!1,€'ECJ:i. 1[0 BKYey M'\O lI:p<ii'T'K(le31:1,8,K'uMC.'JI.'BO e :MY3IH~!:iJJIO!1: 'lU!J'J;J:lUI'l;[J;!il"CH: ·n.,.r~[Jit BOt3MO~l'n:m" OH!J'Bi1l;Q'XiElO~1:lcl' ero (El:l:mB:b) .nOCe'l~-.T!. Ham I1lySeJJ:, 'l'l'of:i.I>1" y.Jli::e El(]'o'lIiHO .HaCJIaWfl.'bC9· WCK:.1Il(loq~T€;,lI.l~I~.hll\U1i n:p!nr3,BeABIfIMaM~ M"CKyeCTEl,a.

MY3ell1 1/1 'era konnexuaa

lMy~~ii1 B21~ rom 'DlbU] OlIl'ipblf 13, 1973 IrOil\l:Y. ~KoJlllle!t<Il.I,~fiI, nlO.fl!Y"lElHIHal'! ~ (:'IOJli~O[l.1lIUL\1'R OT ¢lOHJl.a l3'I1HC9H," BaH! rom. BKJilIO'lI8.eT a oeOi<J;

,,(I:!1I>tllO"ftll.Ifl!OJ'I!al'IlIH, nsmsccr 5IJCeMlb,,I'1,eeA, p~cyH:i(QB. '-ieibi;peaJilb6oMa Ci.lCl!i:iII'I<!OlMiL'il Vol ee!MI:lCOT' 1'l1~,b~,eCiRT nL\100M sa.HI rorn. KpoMe TQirO, MY~'Ill1l'1l95J;1aJA:aErr j.<)OJ!1'J1eK~eVi p~~OT C'08pril'M@~IHlMlI'(ClEI BaH [Or-d, MEi:paH~O~ caMIVIM BaH IOro~~ L<1 em Gpa,o,MTeo (,a67-1189~) 1l0<CREi!/mS>1iI!,!O'r., no!,(ynKII<l L-1IJl~ aDMeHa.

MMl;lmi'O 01'0 ,OO6pa:lii~e 11 J'lB:I11100b O"!'l'llpaEllm~ TD~II!.:O~ 'E! otiipe'Jl,eJ'1'el-lL:1l~ nOlllll1,!i!K~ JJiOrnM!1¥1'1'enpHI>I:!; r.W~@~"'""';!,; ITl'P"06pSCITeH 11M L\1, X<lPllKT'o:pa BbIC'Sfl;OK. 13, !lleH'I'peI[lHil-llMcU-!VlI'I r.f)!318:R. nJcUJlnMiO c~G{l"n,eHI'!O IpatiO'T BalH [ora, I1e:;>i\<1IIT l",pot!<l~'M!!;!HtII!R ;ll~r]:a,!!l,lHbL'(, 13, '"!aCTIHIDCTIII, dpp:0J"'I~y3t:f('VlX tJ.!l<tG"rePOIB nar:W!IQ.!.'liOI. 18410-192.0 f"OnOB"

IS MV3ee c¢.loPMi~IPO~~nJ<lil;lb KQJ!J!UlK~L<lfi, OCH019HOe ~I~€l(lm I';DIDP'Di1I-~'TO fB<Op'fIeOTIlIO

Ba~! !Fora, a T.1lIK)t:jS· ei3:pitlf.'Mi~(l110e n3(1iQpa.arI1Ten:k>HlOe !,1C~~ll~Q !ilTgiPQi~ nMOEl!,1!'1!;;! X I X I~ IlI!3pBbix ,t!ileOf.l'fMfie~"~ XX: ~al!i:'~., c "j"2Ktlri.lL.1 :fipl<J~f!.iL\ii e{c)'~)paHl.liY'.!3c;l!!(L'I~~ npe.mGmElHlFe'I1:AM~1 Pia", IK!'!OA MI'JI-!€1 ~"l840-19.26)" Hm:tb romFi ~184.s-'190Gl.:::t::0p::it( Cepa (U!59-1B91), nb.ep 11K?~L1 !'I.e Wa~aHH {182:4-'1898} ~ QjIilil1J1O!Hi PeA'OH (11840-19116).

V1eTop~R

XOTI'I caM My~erl 1<1 Monq,a" "J ero KQJiI!Il:~lt<I:l,L\1,I'J 6ora:lioe Il'iIpa:u.mO!;i. P~fiOT"" lBaJHI lOre. ~eH'.'t,-!"JllblHg R I]l!lRJUtcb Dtl5C:1fEieHfiOC-1ibK! era MJII;],I!I!,1I!U'Bm 5pllrr\a 1I'e@, paijctl'a~!.I!!elf1Q Eli CflOrli' E!!pe,MR iii napl.\1mCk!OiM xy.o:(;I~CT~I0).jHlaM ~a.nO""ii;l"[y.n~J1b" (lEi haCjla',qCT8M!iii ,,5y-coo L\1:

Ei1ilJiai'!OH>:,). G oaMoro H<lI'-lo;lJ)·EI_ Cl!;!iQe~ K;;Ipb!jJPbl Ell HIC:KyCCT!B~' 11311IHI(lElHT ,~"3IPW!a!"'EIJlIIJOJ1bWYIlO 'loon, {iIllO~:X pa09T Qf;l'a7}' IB05r.1:E!H ua ¢"~111l11COl[lyIO VII MOpmlt>HliKl' nOJ;ltliElgIi\l::KIj..

B 50·>9 Fo.ro. U OH iPEl(Wlk'lii aa i!l:Y'-IWTlbCR AaI1bHi@~ml1l,;1 CO·Xp.U-iitbiMI CYI!ll~CT!!OaaHliaM I«)J1Ii1eKLli~II1. rio L1HL1 !AL'1;i.Dil'!l1le Fiip.'liEilM,liemc1rum 1F!I1.!:1.ElpnaH/JiOIB. KOToPOI§I [lb!!l<iUIW10 caoKl roil"O:BHOOTto !"!OC'tpOjitTb ,"'Y38Ml f10CEll'!LlM~l1iliiibl~ BaH fQiry. B 196-2 WAY B~i1rei'lli BmllleM I'lElpe"tl,M p'aooTbl Hi!KIE:llr> OOJ,flFlHHO',.,y $DHlAY BmmeHJTa BaH :1?ir.a.IiQ,q cnY,GTfI f7"eppl'!T Fi~ninlIl"",q (1 sea-, 964} - a:pxl;m~KTOp, If1Ip.eJJiC1'aB~r,em, .PiB!.tl«eHf!~~Cii'i!Ul'bo~ (S1iijlbawegll'lg)- COl3aanll[Ufp!!:b1i1 3CKlli03 Myaefl. B ~ 969 na,qy (j'!.14I'I'i'l Ii1,POk'l3Ele,qei'lll 3<l:Kn 81,[l'~fI !il H!t'I~l,aJ1aCb CTpOIilTenl>CTBO, iI ,2 iUIJH:R11913 !"'OM OOCTQ;MOCb GQJMLlI,M,am"I'lOe 'Oii'I1(Pbl'IMfl M,Y:J€lA. Kw'Inf;'Klbl,m'l" KOTOP"U1,fjbIJ'la l1epE!'JJ.;aHB, 0cn"I.,qOM Bal~ Rwa lEI nOCi'iiURHhiOB 1"I0llbB01BElIlme roC):,t1apon~r HL;jAepnaHpjPB·, ofi\pelllOlJ Hoa'ble creltbL

Y!L>;CJilO :noooH\lTE!,lleH B nocneAyKlr.J!1~e ,g,eCFI'ii'lMiel'L<iR 51>1!TO HeoBt.I','a~ 1'10' EleJlL>1KEl, !1

nOMS' CM!;IiPT~ Teo Ii) ·18911 ffi4Y KiDW!!!l\i!Ii;~R CPOPM'arlbi'lO In!llp0W.Ila B pacno,pi'i.)K<etlll1.e Bm Cb!HO! BM.H~eHl'l'a BiVl.lleMa 8a]H lcra (,18.9Q-197,8)_, HO ¢ilKTI'I~I'ElCK"', Iilrtn:OFflIi> J.'IIO ceoeR CIi,epfTlI'I, Of.!) pa(m()pFntU!lflaGbBAO~.

Tl#io -IVlO:~aHHa BaH [or-EOHlfep (18,62-1925). 1,.013 <Ppa.fitl,lL>1!i! 'O:Ha ,eeptlynacb B HMi,t;lep'i'l<lH.ilbl, c Ll,e;l1IblO CAe.na,iI"l:> m::e BOJr.tO::.ii::IHOe, "IliOf),b/! npl.trlJli!!!!'-I1o ,fl,Onii:Hoe 131~1i11..,.a~iI1e nyfin11i11KIo11 K ~tK~lDGTj;!"y BaH 'lOra. a.Ha~ FI ];l~naCb tlHiliUHa.TCipOM13bICT<I'aOK io1I HfI"Illina. npo,Qaaa'Tl:> ~a~{)Pb1e p@.oOT,bI 1113: .KOI1J'1eKiJi,M1i!

j(YPtD·)KH~Ka. VllMeiH:IiO onarQP.i<lpi'IJ 3fTiWM yCiI1f1i11l'1MI, ieI. ,.q,aa,I:JI!.!.ilTb>IX ffi-AllX XX BeeI«'! MacrepcT80 Bat! rO!ra CTaHO'BiI1ifc.FiI npl~3t1!J;iHO ~o' 1l(:£!M MMpe" n03mMY l/!oraHHlfl BaH ror· Eio.HIi"€'P L1 np"MIiIMaer pel!lle~"IB' 110 BO'SMOlki'ilOCllI'l co,xpaHlHfb i<O'l1In:eK4t,':1II0' i-!i~PieJ1i11Mo:l!i, nOeH'" 1920' FOAEl OHa 1I1,POAIiI.I1a BC€!m JU1I!JlI!:o *ieCiroJ1l::JiKO ]Ja.BOT L>13 KO.l1lleKi.U1I!1.

nOCJ1~ e • ..,eP11i11 It1-offiHiHII>I 8 1925 roLLY e~ ~I>IH' Bloil-icel-llT BL\1If!F!9M 6epeT !-te ceOA 'O'1T'BM''CfiEiehiH(I>CTlbo aa Ii<Oflfle:!<I.!iJ.1!o, B 1"930' rlJ',qy OH peUl'iiler 01l.o.,Ei:'1:> l6o.nbll.!YUO 'iaclb KlOfin.eKLJII!iL1: [l !f!QI!'lI;;'9'()S!.'lHHIB ropo,o:c~'''O:MY MYS€;fO AMCl'ep.,qO'J!Ma (Sledeliiik Museum), lt1!HIot!U.~<lIT~Bt:l OT;E1.l!1lflb p1lfmTbi Il' f,1yseiii IIIcx.o,iqi1.l1Ila OT cYI"!I1Vi'M Balli fota -1~b3MIHIo.l BalH ror··8~6tiyt (1891-1933". OHa CiI1l1lbFlO 'CO')i(OlJl1!E!Jla, ''iTo ~~KliO Flee Mor aOlii)oj{;lHiblM OOpa30'M Ha.CJ\ldi,QmbCA rmrmruaMIH Xy~iIilMIKa"

lnepsOHai-tMbf10 B:].1t1'OI;lHf i3;I.1J'IlleM Ba~ rOf, "'3!;Ml!Gn!b'l~ ,eliW,<E! L<11 1(811'::: "LIIloI;iIi;9He,p", nCl'lrLoi' He BH~Kan B .o.'13HaI X)'AOiK.eCiJ"BeH!'iIoro IH.,;r;;f!eLL~:i'l1 ceoero JJ,AAL1., liIMLlIb !il1O OKOHi.jaIHI~U' BTQPOn Mi.oI!pOEliO~ .aO~Hhl OIH eran ali(.n!E!HO ,g,aHIoiIMaTlbCfI KOMII3 KU:"'@~ M Qi,pr<lHII\'ISOBbl13&Tb MHlOiO'-iL<1C:Jilel'll~ble B:!;IICTaaKIlt "f G00R ua po,wtf-le III 301. pyt}e:lKOiM,

IIOlQIq M..1HiOOla i!~w;!OOTb ~M ~!lI1b My~aw. 9 Ut!J1iI fWty

~ OIl n~iOiY ~Ulll!llla!~' ~,K~llI.@~po.lffiI!lbll~r. p.1'{I34,),

nOCTOAfiHaFl 3KCJ'1IO,3i11tl,LIIA

rTllcr~[UI 3Kmnoo~llilll! 1"')'~I1:I'R ~1iI3r!1~U~ll.111.l Ell :II8JfiX~~ :i;!J,~HWF!, ~POOIiI!'N~f!1 fir)

npDiIloi1lf Irall\P~m P~111A;:r, EI, 3'f(IJ::l!.faa1l'~

~II~ tiOOIl~~L~(,1'" a!iPrJnQ'ri.:fil!)o~ ~~UQi1!~!I;;'" II Clq(I1C'liITV~1 XIl!: II G lUI , ;IlOfiOllil~I*l'li"'l!lI'I

~IEIBHilI:Irn T!illai'llfl1 efilJl~ rW-a) ~Cill<m)' ~llinl:i3,w.rnili~, li:'aMbll) 3~aJ.i!I3Wt"b!!l! till p!I~JtI 'I!i>lC1l!MSf<II!I! ll'iIlPOl~DJI!ClrW-lI!lt:IWM ~~ ~ J!i~f!J'!!,li ::ltapIotOOIlKM U!l

3j(_Cftep:~lt'!eHTtlII B IU!l:Iere rrlllI'e.o!til!!Kte ~I Alfras~n;eH'a ~ lI1ap"~" E!lMO'T!b jll,O lIleAee:po9" t.(aJlil<!mJil.~li>lilt B ,~IiIe. OeH-P1itL"Lll ~ o!!~,p~. P<I'(io:r~ i:lilJilIPilI'I5ililtmmB OIJpa;3'll'IElIIf.ElIK! .. t~i !tOl!fr'I'e~. 'CiIl'l~.!fl,YKlIll.~HI Be\Of1i.PMI'ITMKl ~~Oi(;@ii!,p!l!, !ji "lQ~>Q~ !1IQ(il"'~O~"!(I nJJ!I}~~llfl;Oillltn .. 1I'I la1itl uorn_ B 'lam1l'il rI,\I)!'.$@1'I YClpCetlbl3Ubi AJlI"iI CSMOO'f'Oi'irreJ1Ii>Rbll't ~elJHRl'~Li!I. ~, p.a~II'!'QPFl~EH~~H" n{lCel'l~TW1e~

~I !I~Rllali'i !(Or.!:nb!O'T9p:t.l. KH~lrM,

I:l blC1i";e:BO'LIIHIb!IC3' ::iKCnoH8Tbl " ~KcrnOH;alibl L!i;lj, ~I)OH\1l0iB. KOrnpb>le Jltl~QT SO\3M@(HOClib 5one.e nQJl~'!O' O:!lHlOlH)OIM"TIoOH C 'HlOp"leCT!30fIA BH~,.elElllT.!I 133~i IlOrn!H iE!!rlO alJ'l!lpeMBHltU~IKO!1I, ~,l!i,eQ~ m'K~ 'C)'LUecTByer oT,~;elilbtlb!" Ka6I.\1HeT, rJli.e psr-Y.ilFipHiO ,BblG'TaE:iflF'iiuOIfm ii1P~ll'!i'O~t.II LIl3 Coil5C1I"geli:!WJL1 !<J!WII1:e!Kl..I.iIiL.1' W!!Y39F!. P''''C:!f,IiiiIKi~ .., Iflil1i::i:iMI:I.B:atl rom :;!1'i/J;1l01'l!I4PYKliiJiI:li!l lltLllWIo, il, pe,\illUllil: iGJiI;~em na filP11'i1~HiEl'm:: llQT;i«!!1'O OOC1'OF!H~:!iI.

BbICTEU!lK!J1

IKJ1iWI'!:O. CFlPOOKTlHPOOOliLitlOO' HD:tI.3tilH!ill KW:w,o, ~lIa!l'OO. Qi'!l~"O IiIDIl!I'!OC1Iii.a .mtA aps;MElIHIt.!:!l IltJiUtlfli(l:K ~ 3:KOl10JH"~i. npo!t!oO'AMMi:01il1: lEi ilUYS£iO. 3,A!OtiL'i.tll'i:Mo{J!f fjmfl."Ii)!' 3\!11W!!1I1i1C'Ii! 111 nQ<~iIi!11 n0J11HCC11l1O' paCftOnmtt::eIilO lEI npatlli:!ll.ax M)!'l!{J!!I~,mn!llj;1:~11 (IMY3~lf,oA l'!iI"I~Wira,ililH)., nOjlljyK~'Im'lbl ~ i(OP~AoPI' PI.i!{1 flJPQ~'I'QPH;,!'l!: annfl: ~ K:El61i1 Hef IrpaEiilO~1 M~ 5!:>!",:r1ll !JO"!I'! ~~~ ,FilQMii8iLIJ:i!I'II1IF1MIi1 AAfI 3KGfHl~!~1l1i1~ tl!fi Gt\M~IQ pa~f!I~·ilfll>!'e ;Sttllo!" HlO ~!~flI1IilMe"'iI'IQ 'I'rrUQ;Gi'lUlM~G;A It .XIX.I~~KY. CTPOVlTOJ1IoCiI"IlO 6~ICTIi! 110.l.j I~Qrn KPI:i4r1E!1 51:;.mo !;j,!:>1no:r!Hfilt!!:I fI~'~ q~L'lIUl.FiCOIlO~, IFilo,!1jJ,oEip:t::1!re ,·,I];i!t\em~H (Jllii!:fHiJlii;!~!J!!!fi" (nU3' JlapaJ~ Rn.ll'1ldRliOl~). 91i!1Illi!!'fla""ioMO~ oil" I~MfH1t~ fIIl!1o~C!!<oA <CfPi1!1iU1UO~1 li'I)OI'!Ma11Hl~ <!,FIIG\~ ¢l.BHiP ~HiJll M;ap.~H MHwypaKc Kdt.W1I1 a"~ .1JJr.1iII" i('t,3sud1E1 Fl~'EI & M[llrin(t ~~~l.ua!lOO 'G@.mpaJly, Uti).

61110rpacpll1A BlI1HCeHTa BaH lora

ill!1HOfl'IH B1IH lOr pO~J;t;nCI'i '6 3I{)HI.o:E!iPn~ 301 MepiB. U 8;53 ro.na" OH 6bl·J'ij c:rap'w ~M CI>IHO:M I':aJ1L~~lmc::r:c~oro rla,Cl'Opa T'eo.Qopa i3alH IlQr;;li ~1£:l!2-1S;S9') I~Ail'~Ii!i! Kq:nil€lf!~Lo1, 'ipo*Alm~o~ Ki'ijl6€H'i']e ~ 1!3i~ 9-~ 907),

B oe"'J~e;<lH Ib:IiOEl (Ji!;!l'W! 'e!,ut! J),e!lI'iI'!; ce'CllP!l! E!'I;I!iL~,8.iiI;a: J1~c. Afi!~;<I! Lo] BL.1J1, ~ !l5pa!bRl Te,o ~1 '~, 0 KHilbiX roJl!1I:>:: IBI#I.flcl3lH1r.1ll ~:38!3GtH:O, Jl.j;1Il1b, 'iliO OH 6b!ln if~Xl'1iM pe6el-iIl(OM 6e3 ~qij!;':!~"P'T~(:'ll)1,,!e;(iKL<lX 0Kl101~HO(l.lig~, 13 k<~'1iI1l3p!H:~0 rlOPI~ xy;!!,Q);;(IH~K C li'EmFioM ~{;riOril'lttIDI (I ~E!iO>eM tl,e\f1GliEle',

~. weGnlan.I.!I3J'!'l<. ~9fl' OH H<liLilOlJl p0l6r;n.n!o ~ Iiallir~jA tp~mtane (jJPB:HL!Y:3!I':K-Dro ~Jill}wiCirBeiHlHgm CMeNia ~1i'inM.lf1lbo~,O~Irl!~M

~1e KO.Ml1IaHI;;.QHOB I'lOTO;por-o Eill:tlll ero J!!'!;IJ;FI BI.1~!lT: Brlnoc_nat!lCTIi3~IL-1 10116p-wTeo', P~'ElIIJI~i1'Gfi 1 MiOl:ll 1,,857 m.!itIiJ, eran PltliOOORlib B i,OM li:'1e'CtlflOH:e, 13 ii3JBrvme-· 1872 r~a

~e!il<",I!I()i' 6P","FlMU 81#1'I~Ce~U,olM LlfTeo

BLIi~tCeHT BaH rur El 1'9".ne'l"fU;l~ !lO~p;<i;C'~,. IHa"l:ano 1 3n ID.!!itl.

;BSiBl'l3:3J1aCIi:i mepEiIIlLll,ti<;l:II. KOTOpaF1 6yAer npOlIiOJ'l)Ka.TIIoCil'I ;!l;O caM!O~ cMeiPT~ I3~HCeH!,.a,. 18 1 an !FWl,y IBaH lOra nepe·ElQJ;!;IH !3, Jil0lel,lJ,QH., t:\IBa rCi;,O;iil. cnyeT.R GI1~I')r::1l1j!!I!1IM ¢l~'P:MIlI ~ryn~J'n.,. BHH>Cei-l'l' OTf!p'aeJ:li'!eiT'CF:i d1i lFiI~p~w:, If;,J;!,e O~, O,q.l-la'K'O., pOlCmaJen1il)fI C :~-e.nO'iJ!!~e'M CTa:rb. nIPO,Aa[ll!!,OFMI K<liPTil!1~t_ BM€lCTO aroro Gli 1tt8. ... ~HlMli MHTepSCOB6ToOFI 6Qm[)J]ymeH'~eM.. OT flOirep~ "'HToepac:aC'II'P'GIaael'f [);;!JJQITJ:

BUJioIctli'im!l, IiII [l pl3:llynbT,1H@ :noro fiI ~~a;l:Jam0 1876 m,1!l8:€lrb yso:nbHl'irDT t.1;3 "'YrlMmn.,.

'13 AJHfJ1~'~ 8aH ~iI HI<t:>;)O.Il~'I' pa50rfJ' If1Qr..O!!MH~Ka y'lLuaJlH. HO' ~ ::JlfO~ ~,OJiII~HQC!L<1 "I IHerO HeT Ittlli,K8KHX n8pori<i:~K'iti<1IB. ~ il, 1~B7'6 i1¥l¥ OH El!1:0i~~ a03!l,pa!.!.!1ite;C;;'I E! rO.r!.naHJ;IJ11Q,. 1"9!lIElj)1l> y BILo]Hi0911Ua ll'O~H~ K~ElT )K!il1T<lHlL1~ Cli<J.l:b mUJTOpOM - rnoliiliM lniD GTOnaM OliIL1l,!L HMMorp'Fi Ha TO, "'1"1"0 iiJ.(:l,IJ:06HOe pEieH~e gM'lO II;lO(lli!p~H~nO p~!i1nmHM~C HeKQTOjp!g,! M

"islI::ltlbi,e ypO,KMI, Ii+BG5.m,Q,l~PI.\1bie ,!¥Iff: f!O~I1IJ'!~H~;l'! Ii! YHi~IBepeMie'T"

Ba],j ilOr IH'~ CMor CH~I!,!,!~J;lMI bliQ\I'!fO llepeH!QCII'IT!g, YPO<KtI Lo1 ClflYG1rR H~KQoYOpO~ Iil!P0M:I'iI GiiipaEiWIlCF'I M~OC~{)HeiPOMIll Eo:p~HldJ)t( - yeWrp ,gQG:W-!!~ Yfl1;1'11 HiOI! !Q!fe Ei~f1t;,F!W~'. CI1Y)l(o;I nponOIBOA~"i<:OM, of.il 01.J~~~1::i 05f1MI3l!Ml()1H e L!IJ<3x-re.pi8JMi<1 ~ ~x '[)I1lMbi'llM:~., 3TO Irnp0;Di)!lIolJlOCI::i rI!1Wtogo 18:7':9 ro,l;la; or CJ'lV:t\eH~i'i ere Oir'DTpaHi~t:flIlo1; IfilO MII1§iI<l~i'O pq,q,~T~JiiI!!!1li -ILoll{ obll4 oiKOihi~I,aT,e'lTlbHlO' no-repFiH .D;nil'il Q6~.e.cili1B6L IB KaJI«lH"'ro MOM'ElHl'l' oreu :@Te'll m;!i1Ke Qmpa'ElL:U!;; I;lro B I<JlI~HILo]l(,y .Il.lll'! ,lI.'ftiJ'eBH06ofl'bHibi!:>::,

BI!1,ttCel~T, 1#11 calli Y*0 IBCQ:B'0',pl!lJe~littCl'l1

p<to 'l'ElPfI'H HOt:ln , noCne .~ri-1~ ye:,Q~lHeHHbI)( paS:A'iH~L<1I~ pe!!!Jarn nlOCJle.JJ/OJ;l .• :rn, OOJE;91i'{ 6pa.;ra T€:D - cn!IT1'> :q:;qo.>KH"~mM., Em pa"'HiRlA:

nOTpeOH:QCTbCJlIY}I(Loii:b J'iKlJJiR M E! KaLJ eClIIBe np0r10i!iI9JJ:HII1Ka CMElHA'EiTOfi HeG6J(0~~M;OC:iIblO oe:~!;lnTl; ,eOaMY "I~flo!:!eL;JeCil'ElY "BOGrlOM~':I!'1al-ll;1e e, $OpIMEI pUC'{H Ka ~J'iM I(;aPTllifrlbl, a KI'IK Hal~5o:fi,ee u,O"lHOa· i:l:blp.I,)KeHMe, ~G~FilO[l@"iIeC]i(!wx ~11I'1E!CTI!):" G374{S(9).

POj!!j~"i'e.nMl·~n.ae;He ri,jyE3Cn!OI3~J'ILii oeoFi O'f!l~irCT6eHHbiMMI sa ~epetll10W Bt:i!60iP CbUH<I. MaliQPUOl_JI'!bH.ai'l.a,a50li~. Q B~HcEtHire JT€lHiI:;JJ Ha nl'i'~"Illt ero .fipaTa TeD, KOTo,phl[li B TO BpelMI'I y;>KEi paOOira,lll !3 !'!!ap~:mG~OM ¢~1Jll!lane :XY,l;l,0)K'E!C1'BeHtH'0m C~J'i!~Ha «Ei,Vcco L-1 BaJ19cAOH" - npe.EiIMHIIAKO[J, "lYmUII'I"_ !5flE'lro,l!lL'8lP:FI nOCf"'O!'lHHo:tii i"tOMOUllMi Teo, Bi!llH IlOr fiy;g.9'T paOCM<rrp~IE!'liTl;. CI80iW IilDCIltJA'YIO!!.Lllo1e W~eE!p"'1 KaK iPe'3Y'JIlbTaT Y<ll.tnll>i~ L1!X. 0601llx.

Tanaar; o KOTOPOM H~KTO He no,o.0<3peBan

K TOMY MOME!iHTy<, it:;!1( "I B~~H1GeHil"a BD3IH1KI'i'O )i{i3'Ila:MiWe C"T'Il'i!b X~IlIO~.I[;1,I'iON!. :H~ QHI ,caM, IILilI KTQ .,IIpyr-Dn El:we He ,flO,lil03P 8B<lJlm a tleM ocooeHIHIblX1iIPT~OT,W"lieCI:\:I!ll!: CJl'loc:05~oc·OIeiii. OOpaaI1TefiII>HO,filb1C.pO pol3!:l'liiflC," iBalM Rlr 113· tlEIlOBKOira, :HIO YC~A'IIL-llBaro' 1"I10IB~'iKa. B LlHITIiiHfrlO CaMOOI!.!'I'HOr,O Maa.t;lpa. Y Hem O.Ka3elJ10Cb ,)'H"K!lI1I!.!!Hle 'iYBCTBO, cnoc:O'l5CTl~y~IOU:U'le GQ.3JJia!~[;1!!OI I'IP~ IiiX il.\EleT'OiJ]bl;( 3Q;lque!ITD(;I, a, KPOMe roro, reep.!l<llFl IJYIf<8J S !Bb!,Ei~pe npocT]"IJo:., 1'10 He3a.obIIBa€fr~I~X KOMIi1'a;l~I.I:!1f1,

Pellms Clian XYJlO'1KH ~IKOM. BaH! [(); oTnpa.aIAJIlCfII 1!3 Eipl()cce.l1lb C 48Ilb!O Y"i~Tt>CFl ;t;I1ElOIilIiiGH B BlKaAeM~l~ ~Y.liJ)JtreGTB,. Cnycnl HeC!(o.rU~I(Q Mec~ueB nt! 8'"10,91. ye,,DIEI-T OTTYA~" I1pioiMeptm B HnKe BjJeM:R B,,'fIlQr ~~aKOI1~"lrbGI'I c A.I-!T.OHOMI Eltitl PaHHtlPA()rIII

(1,85e " '1892). Koropi~11 CTaHOBKTCfI 'DAI'I.LtM ilia, CJ!;IM:I>'I)l ,fjHL13KL-lX' ere ,1jlpy;!'lB~ B fCJ.llfltlH.o,ciK1I1111 n,epHo.n.

B .mpe.l1e1681 .roPia B<lJH iUir yeJ.::tGlIl!3i B 3TnlH g, CeBe})tlbilli: iEitmfi'<lJHT Ioi flOcEll'II'IeTCFI Y IJQ,l!q,Hm,FIa~ .. (ltd aCI'II"IIeCKH :3Kl':fl.apIiIMeHlTL\'Ip~~i e pa3.1l1Y1<JiHb!'MItI Marep!4<hi"iillMMI ill oooGeHIHOf(i' ~!fIorrIJ 5HLoiM8iHHR " }'(l~IJl~~ YJle.fiFieT OBJ1!i1;[J,i1IHL-110 iecx~I>i"t,eCIK(lM MacNpc·TIli3J; i1epClfieKnUIOL1" <lHaTOMweili HI qJlltSLoiOHOM[;l3MOM; C!lQ)I(El'!",bI ,,rli1l1'l eE!(J(~:K p.a:6oo Oil-! ,-,aw.e eCiero ,Bbl6l11pa9' WJ: }t{['13HH KPC'CTbfl!!tl. 113 IKO'I-i~ 19;f!1 ron<! XY.AO.)KHM[( !'le'Jleea~aflT'I:I' [aary, rJ'l,e CJJi, [JIOlIElHIo!IM a6Pi3J30M,.

npo,!1OJ'!)KElecr pYlcoB.nb. IlIOf1la;,rMy p~OOBaHIi.'IIQ ~ )KM[;!O!1~GI1 em gOy"lalL'llT AI-tTOH MaljlB'e ~ 16G8 • 1.616B) - MY)!! .rulOIOPOtl,hiO~ 1)0CTPbl BaH IOm.HO' Y),KEi i.JepeS ~HtJJiI~.I1*~1T·ellbHl:iuLit l1elP~O!Ii IBpeM<i;lI'lI!ll ).t~·~H~KI'l1i19pe-G'!iElIOT O(JUlHlTbCFL OJ!iLHl~M IAllIlOllOJl,Oa. j{ n~:m~p<l1!!.l914-~!o oGUlel'll'lR.

~all!:,lillI' M~V1ilil L\'! :I3<a!H rarnM CTBlI10 [Hl3npMlI'ITIoI1;e Mii}'B~CaFiJM B,ru.i' r:Dra 0. He~o~H::~H XOPH~K ~ !i'e.pep,j.eHi:fO~ YJ!1M!\IlHci~ ~!ilH~~Oij C: !ll'Ie6pa"lH!!!!O! [peoaI'U'ior.L

B ~1tI BaH !ar nlHWEIT 1:1 fileCKOfibKO KaPfll11H I' 01[1 npe~II.iViilleCTiBO Elqe·T<1K~ OFf' .QaerCfI ~M'YH!':at.lL, l1f)eCl1M~ ~a!.fry TL1!a1T",e.flbHO ilIa~aitl~Th:gl'llpo:BOO :t:~Eialliv.Jcb.jo, OiHt· nOOTDF1"h1H~ patillvfae,T ~ *t1J60~ tlio:t!.·am.lO.

III r::eK~Gpe 1:iB88l1W1.<!. O'UIQ:WQ[;IIIo\1,FlM C OLllt[[ np~lI,!afl KQ[~eiLI; Clili:;IAYFi "j'aKJii.M M3CT'ep<alMi [KElt< Il!illit ~l.lnJlap"q M Mayse. BaH [lOr p.ewaer nOOl*ta,b c,'1a.C'I'bfi B )I<;}iBor.ntCHO~ ceaepHoi:11 llIPDeI1~KtllJjleHr:e', K~l[g.P@R II TD C:p€lMfII

GbIIlOl fllll~·JlPBOiilbtlo Mlil!Jli).E!OCirynH:ti. B,eHI,ibry 1lil1iMfM'r ;Hi\1 ... e.T,ep~aI1Q. HW MO,!leJlle'~ VI

~ iP~[ "e"l::FI L).lQ. OH peWOl.er NlOIKL1HP"

JlPE'.f{re L\'! CfrHQ~, fl~~Tj", [;o!9KOTOP1:m< B:P0.MA y ~eit, EI!:E!E!epO-Dpa6eIlHtfti'l:~O'M 14I1031-1Sl-Ie, ~1$Kd QI'f ::at1H,Q)lOee 1"1".

HKl3H8H

B 1H!OIJHeHe BaH U"or e Onf,H;;!A~nil~!"IHI"-1t.!l noOCTOR!"ICT8m,~ l"Ia~llIItlaeT r.TIIIC8Tib; npii1MepOM !!lfIRi H~ro· RiBJ1ReTCF'J. ¢paHLllysCIK!I\'ILi1i :t::i1e:(}J'I!;;Cell :>KaJil4paficya Mllinne, (1 a1!~-1 8(5), n:orrpf'!~w!ilVi eclO Eapony CBOVlM~11 :iI",p~CQBII;;;J'M~ H3 KP~CT!>R[HCKO[;i j;{IiIISHlr.1I. B8H ro:rc .lire.!1E!!3Hofi AMCU;~IlIJll"HoLil; npe,o,ae"fCFI Iii'Eml~C'aHHI<) flEliDQjllji;Oro )£(ClHpa ~ )I(1V13KI4 «;p91CTI!><!'I~ ~ l'a50!'l~)oL H@o,l!1J~mq]all'lIo ua ern nontrrnax nOFlEl,J]:fIicOT(:FI TK;;!.·rii'i.

B KOHi~e· 1884 ru,il.~HiHi C03.Q,aeT ceiPl<1lO Ha6poCKoe fOFlOB ~ Ha'l'p}")KeHHbll< pyK I';peCTE!R'i'I. 3m tPparMI~HiTbll 5blRn 'IiIpBRiO.Djio1ej,\1 K OOJl[bI!UOMry ~ e.iflO)KfiOMV nOJ'lOrrH~'1 KOTopoe BaHillijr iHaAei'lll~ COOAa'll'''-. B anpeJle 'IS85 roaa "3 ~TlI\'IX !IIenlJlleLii CJ1O'::t:;LWGfI W"IPJ.I.lISp rO'JlI1la~Pic;Kiorn no p~to,l!ta - r. EOiO\KI'1 KaptifO~JiFi~, J1eii'OMioro:t::.a rn~ BaHi lor Ile'flae'l" 001111;1'1J!.10e' lKOnM"leCT9Q :\lap\~CO[;lO"':

KPClC:TbRH, paOOTBlIiDI!I!IWX.B none, B03HHK:aeT oCtPb[H He,llOCTarOiK MOJIie'JI"U~v.t, I:W~ MeCTiH~I~1 KOIITOI111'll49CKIVlij (;B~!!LHil.!UI ~K ;;laIilIPIBTIII!1[ CDDM[M rnpt-lXmKaH:3iMl 1iI03111PDB8Tb BaH IOFy, iK.sKoe-T'O Bpe;',1:A .xYAmt(H~K 1I1!>iiC'-aI1I TOJIbl<O l1<tlFIOPMOI)"I'bL He,l:lOCTarOK c!)OpMaJ1~!'loro xY,IlO)i('eCTBeHtmI"O 'o6p;a309aH[IUli~:;!CTaBVI,III BL'I[HC€I.HHI B HDI'I:EipS

1 a.aS ro,!¥l. !l;Oe::t8iTbEl AHTEi'i'ipneH 1 "ITO.6I:.[ i10Cell!aiq" S<!lH'RTHfI IE) el.Ka.c.eMIHll1i IHqKYCCTB., IIlpano..c.alaaJIIW3'a ~J;;;,jI!,I!1.QM.Ll.lMI[.Ia PlaJilO o';+::~Jl~H3~~O!iO pe3Yflb,a.rTIl: ~ CalM] roPQ,Di. Lol. era, r..t'l'3en, Ha.npomiiiB, OCrr<l:BIIIJ'1M I-lEiM3ma.Q.MMOe!' Elllle"lMJ1IeiH~e'. 8aH for 6b1J11 1l0000HOCTbFO 3<l1!;lOPQ}K~1'! pyoo~~(}O:ElCIKQiM K!II1CTb!iD If1 f],ii1f1t-1T]POM [KP!!COK, 3,n.em, ;re BIi1HOOHIT !3li'1epBbiie nO<1lQi<l.KOMHfHl'f'! C l'1CK~l00T11l10M F'III1iOH~KO~ !1P~B!Qp!;i!,

napVI>I(

B iiCl'-l<llrle1 886 ro,c,a IBaH ror l1li~e(:l'e c

11

B!o1.1i1 H<I n apll1l)+01.:l KBapn1pbl Teo aa y.il i4!,(e ifI!lIU~K [2:ij

6paiOiM Ornp8JB.fIlR9TCR B rrap~:)!!.':- TaM -ali !;,mepe,ble En',i:l~T paOOTbil MMripe(:GI-10HVlCTOn H lil'OcrL1MlllpBI;l()1010Jt~CTOB. no Cp<liEiHeH HID C:

YB~.,I1leHiHlbjM 'T!lilIMH8JR rlIa.JiilH"f;j'Ol! ro.nmn'l.lllCKOn)I nepMlOP.<lI oos-epweHt!O ymSl:p€lJl<l. ,A.n1R 'forQ '{(OiS",!, COBepWElHCrBOB8TbOF'i 11 t'lHCbM{;lOOIlOO csern b;MlIlt TOHaM~, Ba!f!I for HOI,'-H1Haer c03A<JlBarl'b HaTliOPMOPTlbl1 C: LII{;l~;<IMVI .. B lliO~J;)KaX >ooocrrBeiHlHero 'PTIIliIlR XY.E1.(lliKtIIltK :lKCrnepLl1Mi;lH'W!py·e1F G, HMnpeCCIltOHlIl1lC'TKO" VI n:{)CTIliMnp€lCCLI1IOHIII1CTKoit Mlam,;,pe m~CbMa., "aY"f<l!9'li rpaBi'Ofj)'bI f'lnm1CKMX M;;icTep08,.

B 1ii18.p1lt)1(9 B~IFlC9'HlI cmH~B~iCf'l .IlPY.mstl'l:: 'l'9tev.lMlVl ~,a(m~paML\'I K~K fjQf!!1' IQre'HI (1848-190B}. ;3Mnnb6eptl'1lp ('1B68-t941},. .AlIpLl1ITYJli)'a-.flOTP9K ~1864-19(11), ~ Ulo.nb CIoU-IMIIl 1(~a6J-1193.l3}; ~)( TDQf;j'lleCHI() ~I TBOpL,I;emOO CaMm,e Bfftt Lanl !;II 1n0000e,I],Cn!L4.~ ol1pe,lleJIIl1f '''''''ISci·me 'oolBpeM8HHom 'ItCKycCTEla,.3a ~a 1rQ,t!la. lq!,!!,Q;.I(l-!I4IKY Y4ai1l0Cb,

i'Lll,Elrenbl+O Q.3lli1akiOMKrbi(::R C i'!IOeej)1WIi.IML4:

I1peoGpa30E!aJH~tFi MIi1 e, )K~18.onIAC~ 1>\'1 pallBHl!;> CIDiOL'! CQ6ClleeHHl"'I~. iiliiy60<KO

IiIH.o.IA E!I.\1I.Q)laflQFI.,,"lfi 'cn1l'u ••

APJlb

B 1H!8.'-I'aJilB "1886 [O'AO( Bat! ~i ornpa.EUl!F'1eTGR Hla Kif' lPpalltlLl;lAl<t, B APll 1:>, r,g,e OH lHa.KOIfH~U-'iO' ya,.epOBaJlf1 ~ cEI,oe5yPlymee· IK13.1( XYAo:+:HLo1llL CI301!l.~ 'lp.KOA. Q.ooi3eHHio~ n8fi14flPoLii er.IY XOTefiOCb 5HeCn'1DKJl.aA IB ,cr;u~peMeHI10e L4CKYCCTiiO" OKpe<CT:iiO[ITVI AIp.IlR c;JIly::ot(iI'Im1 ElMY 8IAOIj{I"I.'o~eW!!~JeM., 8eCHio" n06'lIElJ1lI'lBTC;n "Iep'0p,0I nOJlOTeH ~ElIE:Tyl!.ll.t){CiPPYKTOI'!.IilIX lll.epeSM'l'El. a ,n:eT!OM - PHil, n OIlOTe{i,l C n.t300pa;ll(EHII'lt.!MI1 Hal HDilX ;+;:t;I'Ir!'l;!MI1 3epHOBbiMiill nllJllIA"",H, BaH rOil noeepan [! cJOjof1l K<lJK: E!l XYlIiO)!ilH'II.IK:a.; OH PGW~1t1 He fipo,:u8S1nb IiIOI<8. CIE!IJ.LI1]( p;a50T, a nOJl,·O:ffi:,!l;.'.IlJ:b 1i10K.:a. Ha6epeTcFl TPIA,IiI,IlI;;ITb Cepb€l3libl!X filQ1lQ'f\9f1, :KOTOPblMI!1 oH (;1\i10JK€lT

npe.ElCT.aB,II1Tb e80€! TEl0p4eCT130.

OH Htlnel'111CI'i. ~iro ,.apyr~1G, XY,[];O'lK.IU1KI1 filPI1C09.,gJ;.1IHHreA K H(;IMY B AIlJ1le, ~TQ5h1 )KIHb 11 TBOPWOb :[lMil:lC1'O! .. npL-leaJl, r~reoHa ~ OK'I'Mpe 1888 ro.Il,.tI. iiiOto::8.3iillCI'I '(;lMY M~lloroo6<a!lU.uOU!lI1M1 HOI'llOlJ'lOM. OliI>TMMI!13M Btm 10m rmLJ€I::3 K ICOHLJIY liOIlO)f(a< rena, KOf)la nOAIElID1nCb ilIepab'le npliI:3H3KVI ero fi[lJl€i;;!H~ - cBoeo6pa:3l-fo~ 4'lOPMbl :mI1JileiiicM,ii1, Ot! CllPB,i!iI,8:Il or ratM:lQlJIW"a~~ ~ n(:HXI1~eCKMl:( npM na,A'KOB. Bo BP0MR OA!~oro ~a TaKI1~)( l1,p~1II1a.ll!KOe O~ erpesan ,oe6e MG't K.y ni!3B{lUO YJ(8.

C e H - Pe 1M iI1

B 9f1Jpellle] 869 rQ,Qa BaH ror 9AEI,r 1'1, 6'f!I<1<llllle)Kall:lm1 Ge!-i-F'e~j'MI, r,Q,e OH ,[1.oDpDlm!Jlbl~O ll(»!!:l;fI'OF.! B !<n~H~lI(y CeH-1iI0J1h, K.or.iiLill TOMY rm:3IBaJlIFlJ1(} COCTO!RIH~!e XYAOO!KHii1Ka., OH p,VlGO'Sa.n 'L-lflVl Iill<tean lEI caM ~J11:1 QlipaCil-tOCTflX KllI'IHIliKlI1. Vh::fHJJI'Ib3yeiM!li'l

i]iI!Jl~TJla. CTQ[]b iieD6b1'li!l~,HlD 3BOl'tKiilfi IJ Apne. o;;afr.oBVlTCJ'I H:9MHOm rlP:i'liJ!l:yrueHIHee, a M;!iI:30K' I!idl!ll!!\!3 r~H'-!I[!.IbI.M. B l'<a'-!e{IT~ 1I'pe!-"l~lpOeKVi, ~iilLo:IIi!: cosaaer OQnlblllJO~ i<:p.f1L-l'l'!l'O·iHlO

" Rep.eso.Jl 08, 6, llSeFfe.· [ptll3'iO;p '[;BOIl1l!

1I[()5~""b!X )(Y.Q,o)!(I'IMI«)e.: ·3~Ha Aefirtii\pya ('n7,98-1BQ3) 111 paHI>I9 II~Ol::!lllaIHlIorQ ~a~la· ¢l;P£UilC,~'9 MiAflfie. is I"iDtliJte 18a9 ID4l.!il BaJH rOlf m,06w.ncl'lI onpe',eJielletlHOr,O YCfle·){a; iH'iti.OToPble 81"0 paOOTbl (jb11l1\11 np~~,Ci!aE!f!e:H~! ua ~f!iI'oA BbICiaBiK.9' "OEkui.j,et:TIB1l. HC3BBII1CLo1 """'1::>:. ~rJt6>KH~I(OS" ~SCM::iet de~ 9.i1I'isn.es ~iiap.el'ld8!nm) ,9 flapi~::;Ke ~ 1i0l, B'bIOTa!~Ke 6el!'!~rn~cKo'r1 iaBBJjr,9ip;!il~c.H:KO~ )[YA~€Icn;191-1~m" rpynnl>l ~.Qeatlill;;rrb'; (Le.s'Vingll). B HHiElOipe '1890 IPo..qB BIiiIWn .. '[;1faTbA AJ'lI'.>i5.e-J)Ol O!il.r.e" e ii<;()oiQPoGl KPll1lil<lKAiIfl TBOp'1e(;n31Y BBH f;'Ofai BOClbMa ~oKyliO pliehlity;

OS'I3P HCI Ya3e

[E! KOl-fLte 11890 Ir'Q~a BaHI rnr nOIKLI'I\PIa.GT" G'EI~I' P,e~~, ~ Q"fI'lIpa"''''FI€!TCF'I: K ceeepy of liIapii1>KB, IE! y."U"lpOTElOp011~Lb.'~ OS'BP Ha Ya3e. ~Olil'! 'liElOiP"i£:OTI3.!J BaH [ora nOCHml:lJ!.l!P.lO J.la4i1'!"!I<ilEl'f· oGpru.u;an, HCl ceon ,Ool!l!leCirB611lhlOe EilHI-IMaH'..,e. llep!!lo~a ... aJl1!!>Ha'!'I yl'lJ!,e~leHH()CTb 1i'101(ii111aer MEu:m;:pa. ·«ILJ:yElC:liIB}'ilO, ... 4li'O R 11~9 Oi:)i!lli·QflJl{l;I'!"., rw;weT QH a fillotCbMie· I< 'eiprny. "YTO ;tj€l' K1!Gae'YC:F! MatHAI, MHiE! Kot:+::e''II'<:R, '1io MOil KlPeCT B TQ~, "lrT'O JlI ~no, I"]p\].\'!HI~~~<lif.O, ~ 1H11ll"i!sro v»::e !He M~ei' iiiI3M·etlii1llb![;R'" (.6771648).

B il'9'-1:(i!Q·moe AiEl'".:,: C JClm.IJi-I~M M~C:l'llLle8 B Os.Bpe Ba:H [or, ·UI.M ~119' .MGI.tge, rn,pWlo.n:>Kae''II' H-i:n'ilpH~,eIiHo patlO'rRTb" 0 '"16M .., CEI'[.ii.Aiiln;"JU,GTSYIDT MIicm:eC:TleO f10iiiior9iH l\1! p:WCYI'!KOII_ !9owa;+::Io1!3i'!1.t OTalHOllWITCR ,IlJ'Ii'I BtlH rora. c:mni:JIKo,M liH;t;ii3Ila ~ 27 L-lKlflA 01'1 crpenaer ,oe6e, s rpYJlb ~ cnycliR ,!lIB:;;! "o,hlfl Y,Mlh1p;aerJ: T9Jo·, ,ooGp'<liE!WH~ e, na~L\1I:+re

600IbUJJYIO "IaGTb pa'DoT 8L-lHGa'HTa.; 'lI1(O'~l'1T ~13 ;.KH:1ItiL1 "Ie;pe3 iIlOOlro,~8!. )/{e1H.a.Teo u;lOillilp.UijaeTCR E! HL1.11.,ep.n:ElIi,Q.,il .~ ri'p'MlB03"Vll EI GoGo~ K,OIlflF3K!.U'UQ esosro ,t1,'l,)SSjpFl,,, craaa csaeM .361"o,a'IElii'i !JHl~CKalib €lM,Y' JlOflllKHym ~araeCTHocn •.

B 19'14 roAY, lI{QfJJ.a 'I'IBOP'i'SCTBlO Baiii lO.ffi crano y*@ nCflo6U19 flpl'1<!l~aflQ, ""ora~lHa n~IIIoiKyeT iiiepei1MKy ri.le:JIf,qy fiipiil.TIb!'lIM~, C arorn Mm..,e;JHOl. I.JJ'Me~pr:.! BaH [lbracrnti!1t H:emrp'tolBIciO CBFl:3'll!HIb'! C "':@Qfj;!;>l'iI!KII~ ~ Tpialil'Loi"lrec,J«jH LotGTOpL'1iB~ ,~ro *~3t'1"-

PaHHee TBOpl.IeCTBO

K1lpnllilb1 D II rm.

JllimC,UlHlillf nml.pYKD~fjMl J1[ }ltt<:! OI)10pO})BOH

Illl'lll,IHOlW(I:! ·~IY xy.u;O:m-m!Kj.' .... ""'Tn'r'Ln'.n' ..... "'.· .. yuJM"I'bCll. J~O(jlJl.ltlr~C'~

i 821"OJl,<l fiH OC)lIIU.~~:lie1' r:rl'oPloo [lOIIILIITKY O~IiD1:IThCB, iR u.u!'l'epC'l'Bie )lG11[lO(~~ I:ll. B, pea,)"J[II;'J'a"ll!!!3amr'1:~dI uO:nmK.iile-r arrOT ilitO'PCKOl'i: Deri'3El.lK, ml;J:l Mill, .MO(l eo .6 WTQ'PMtJlll,:E:O nol'o.ny l;!,

CX! D' U:I'll1:reue. :laneq<!lTJIeHHl.W: xy,!l;Ol'Ktl mil.lJol!{ npe,[~llOJ[OllUl.':t'e,.!ll.,H!o 13, n:ep~10m; ~t\ mny ao 11 24 aBry'[;'j'~ ~ 882 1Io~!iL, «:a~TEfp lIYJI C TaKo:i<i: (::~I·.lIoii", liI .... 'Q OblJlJD TPYJ~.!O YAI:!'P,'Ka'l'blC}I .... a norax» Dulll ''1]; BOll'! Iiol' ZEm/~!Jfi},.

1

s.~.Q Ha, Mope y 'C',x,eIBeHIXIHreHa

!aMi!, aBI'lfCT 1'IilI2

)(OI1(1T, r.te,CJII(I, 34.5 ;14; ,51 '01;,11

npOl"["m~Oi:ron ,"U),ll.11 hi: ~ flU(Jb[lnl~t se'TPI", I r cYI.ur.r' 'I C' t:olloR yfl 'IY neesa, 0001 ~l:):YITnr~i(~rlil' 1'i183KIU111,L, ue :mane-,f[ KPI;tC!{U, I:tlolJpa~U'I'" H aMO~1U!' lrI"P0HCXO/lI\I utee, nr~~'mm~!Ua U!il'IiIJl:TMK em(lln~ U.M~OXHI 'l~ Kf.a 'K! • U(Unu.n:DI:! ~·nU+1a'il·" Iilce (l I!EOJla~ [tOl,. ~'I~KlIn. yoeJ:Hlf'lrU!l m-IUlX 1>] 11 qJtlltilTr~

c fua ~lana I ",'l'OQJ.~ cy M(;"l'a>-1,',tuu~' ncra E!W:

II CIC.OJIJ:.,m{O t< !ln~Ul'rJ't I.I'M 10 o'r fYf ,n

(~tm/"~6),,

BjlqeKul15!p~ [·a&3l·o;m,aBat:t ror O'l"npa~J'meTCj:! '[1' HH1""i;j:~:~I, I',!!!;e c ].113.2- :millEt era O'lN~,U: 'Or;.[,ll! npo'TeuFaH'N::KW\i n.acT!OpoM. O~] i!I~.U;1~J.mJ.H:~[. 1:3 llepKmuloM ;!J;OMC'l ~MiiiloCT~C P (}.A!-'l'U\I;:.F.lflhU'I, .!II .. X:OTii~ I1IX O~I'I:I.om~If:I:~1SlI ~ fj·b].;rn~r~~'l:J:{o.JiIhIW HarJ'iF:!j'1'hIMW, OR ·~.PQ~l';:~l;Ji1 TaM ,!t'[)1 Mfia WBS [:?,!la,

E .llI:HBa:pe,Uit:4 f'CWlI, ~,p~~y;i'!l>T~l'pe I'reGLHl.C"I·f.lOro 'CJlyq'itH llfOlTb. lEhuu:!e.I:ti.'ta e.n:OMaJUI. D'e;:JiPO; C.1llj"{IIJ~llleeC:R!:

F.ttm:o:I'OphIM 06P<l30M C6JIU3l'l.!i 01 ~x ~i :BI:H)f'(:.i'.io Bp~Me:mn,,;re :~~3M.e.~~fnUl: ~ ».X :0 ()~I'TI!I. o"i'ey~rcTByIDmee :63aM:M.OITOH~IM:a mUi. l~V!H\!eHTI3M:eL:;'l.'e 'C ceC'l~po~ iElrlfJ'.! YX<lJoKWBaJ! J;;IJl,iiaT~PbI;Oj !J]pm.'kraot."l"'O\f.i.il.me Me:m;m;y 1!II3;rep:!:>1O 'll! Chll'l'OJl' ymJIG B pe.3Y..1H.T.a"l'e 3-'['oro HU ·).'lTopofii :iJ.lJaH,.

8'1'~ Ka.p'1"l1Ji.a, 11',::1. IU)TOPOi'i ~OOI6p<"l:a:::~!;i1L HPIJ'l'I(ilC-r,;!l.I'l:TGi!:a.1'i t~e.p,K(IB.b 8 H1'O;;t!IEI'lftl.'~; O['1J1O'I. I1'O,'J;apKm .. 1M;ilTE3J:JJf, HO ElI,IOOfj CWR~~'T.'iIi IIOi.!.UTEI,a cI:IYnl!.e:Tle.m,~Tl'lye.T· p J({e;rr~~ul." Eu.ucel"l'.Ir!:l. c~eJIa'l'(', npm.I'l"HUe Q'rl:q;y. I!'H~ m::1iI:I"ll[)[ ot::OOlllleHt'.iPil 3:I'iDT W!:e"\lT 6:bTJI'H<l.r:!pannel'!:E! CTOPOH,Y 'BOCCTaHQ'I>JIcmfIf'[ ClTHQllirilHm'i e

pOWJ~'M~A:MIlI-

B ;;JfJ.',li' pa60T,Y, l!.:O npe~I]!;)JImKe:i:;l]:.il<f.:'lt era 'llepBYlO pa6cl'l'.Y; 3<1:I-N.~l;!:"Iern'l:yID .Ii H:ro;,lHes:e, 13)(185, nl):!y 01'1 eill,e~.lnlc 'H.eKO'!'IOp].~e ~." M~n@'ti[ M.n" If(j, ~iryp!il.,

nep BOH<l Lla.!']E.HO :W:i3oopam:lF.l:i:i:lo3Jii aa KapTl1HI€!., - KPi1lC,Ths:rH~m: ~ 6.bJ:.tra 3,RM:eHeaOl ,(j;)M:r',}'],)<IJ>U'II M;U;Y.n.I.I,HK 11 .1J;ep.l.m.l13b.

ijl!~!'ICH, i'I ~1~a;Pb- cpeia'Patilb Ui84, O~otilH~ 1 ~6~ X:OrlllJf. M:jI;C!I100, 4 '1,8 l! 32.,1 t:MI

Io nona H a Rl ann e R oce H bta

B :Km,U\e m';:"1:[J:ofl~ 1864 J"OL\'<l:, KOl';na. B~l,H Jr.i:)F !Il1:caJI 3'l'Y KapTv.l-SY. oc'e;.9:1:. CTO.li~_Jla «I'I~UQ!"l:q'lrib~o~ KpaCO'l'1>I» (l~n8/382)_ BaH f-or 210 'l'~,l~O~ 'CTI!!UBElW JIlIDOll1J[ "'TO npCMR :r~M,,"I;'r.(!! ;nalK'I'l MeQ1'3!JI u T',llI.;:OM Kparo, -«1'11;>9 OE':.I'n:a 6.1:.1_ B~''i!I'fO/l.Jl [)(lem.» (2 't'1IDTt 15).

Bpa"F,Y rI'eo,,!W'~"OllOI'{) OH'i1I~EFI·;m.a ,!J;~p"KO;li.;rI pf,cypce CBOYiX yc:ne'{{)B. OB n~ICaJll: «Ce.H"IaC .j;I 3:<l.Hl'rM<Jt[OCl> ~~QllO\.ni>HQ' fi,m!~:'~11 ~M 3TI{IJ~01>1: :H'l:eJl'BEtR:

OC:~[U]H"q TO]]OJ]))IHa$l HJIJ]je'SI: I' OCf::®ID{eHHota: OJIUKOIMJI.I COJIHQa, K(l'1J'O~n,]e 0 cooe'HHo Jlj]'p;.9Jm~1" aa. onanurax JUiCTh.UX, c:M!eam-OThl.IiI:M:I'I,(HI .!I;JjJlIHH:,I:,~_MJt TeHHt'.-rl<! o'.r C'.mO,]1JOJ1,_ A .E1 C8I.M.DMKOHLte - M;a~'eHhK'llfj1:

KpeC'l"bf.tHC'Ku'i1 ;!:iI;OMUK •. a :1B~~1l:i!@ ~1i

C'K 1:103,1, J[l)tC'l'b,u IBkt/!ll.I-Ion:nJly6oe Neo 0 (46:9ii'33.3).

B C:EI()!~M 1J11Cbl'i'IJoiE B an for HE! rOBOpl1T. .HH'4ero {} '4eJI(Ji[leKI~,. t\!:J06:[)a~K~HHQM na .K.1!I1J'tum~" 3TO }llJ~l'Inl!il:El" i' lJ,lII(!'Fa.a:: D 'FpaypE'io!'e n1~:a'i'M;!, }], :f!;·a:;.r"e':!"cn:, ,~e oopa3 ail. Ita pTU:He- <3TO ICHN:e.O.1l1 't'paypa, o.~la rpy~'l'[(Ij'l',1II .m;Ju.r :1JITIq.;ro elO IlblOpa! ro 1I,~r;;'I''Olt'''l<!eiJCI<.rlee C()[)Tl,H;l'r:!TBYl'OI1l!®e G'S 'HOI c~~p aeH~.!O.

Haxo~l)'lcr. n l-IID:3HeHE!, Bali For nOCaHTMJIl! 5n.ITbill.Oe KcOJI..lI"1're'c,["Jtl;O I1pe~mHM: IIanHcSLHUI<l 3',L'rO,l!l!JIiI rOJ7LOI:!. TIo ere lint e I,uno" aTO t)nJJ10 Heoi5xC¥\J1lI10, lvm: TOr-O "I'I'O(.i'M ~C'1J.'8,'I'O"f.HO 1l0)!l;t~o:rO:SH'i'bCH rc (l,B.rrap;eJUUo 'iI'eX:!;UiI,IWJ1. IUinl1Ca'HH.R:

CPHl'YP." .:reM OH" COOJ1paJlCJll: 3.aHn'Tf."C1I ,!!I :nt !i.;1!ieM J\1Jo:1 .:qrp;mI<eer.B,

BOIn for- paccJ\t:.tTpl'm;dJl CHon' 9T'!Ol1;M e rOJIO,BaMJ1 He C'l'O.1.1b.KO 11 CM],ICJI·e noprperos l'!:OHJiP'Ii'!'!'Hh.]X: ,Jt:ru;tl,eRJ a exnpee ]1i:l:lK H:3oi)op.iiU-I c e[UI5l pa3,Jn1'U1I,IX ]'IU[<l)I{e:i-i, HO::!TO:MY UMeHflfi oa M:

J'[I;;Im.'1 «rpy6bIe·, nJlOC]{M!-E .:r:l1n.l,a, C Hl'~:3I{UI:MJ.:! JII.6aM'I)l, 1'O.TJ:c:rh'l:M,i1: :I,"yi5aMH,. ne 'K,:llKU[\IIK-TO ·TOHKH]I.<,m[, a, nOJIHbIz..U1, '['aK~l'<1'11 K:aK y M];1JJJle r< (4,541.372.). 'r.B.op"l!!e.c'l'BO cppa I-I'Uj.'3C]{OrO :]K:~IBd!n.H:l:u,a iKaJ3:a.-~pamc:ya MMJII.me, U.314-11l75) n '1''0, KaliL {)H PJ.tCOBf4J1 KpreIl;;Tb.HIi. ,!if ca:M8. ;iiKH:j!:i'6:b It U hI'!' KpeCTbfil':I aa nporaxc -H:M;l\1 Il'ceiii 'R;a~pJj,epE>J BaH I'o,rat EI. l'ICKYC:C"l'ue

B]J,OXI,n;m;n.l1.Jnl ElIO.

HOI <:IT-OM noprpera J;):305pa)[(e:iUI JKeUI')'{l-Il'la,B 61'i:\lIOM .rO.TlOBHOM yoope M rUI.a'rR:i2 - aTO 'i!:peC::TJ:,')IaK.a~ l!f3 Hreaneaa f!op;rt H<'!.,LI;e I':pom" Ee LKe l\([{HKIiQ. ;V"B:Jf)l:eTI~ l(I'3U5p.:!I.lKeHfIoiIii:H;u,IUlJIOTF~e ...:.E.l1.0l{lIl: !<:ap"rocpe.1'H[», 2K'el!R\t<I'I'I'U cJl.e·H."l aa nOJIOT.IU! ~ ;JTCl J1 e·CTF.. funl1]-I'L CUOCTB!3'H!toHU l10JIOTBe H

,l1306p a;;.rceu;a ceMhf.! JIie fpo(l1'_

rO~08a )lKeHlL\lIIl=1b~

4

)f(eHLLtI4Ha3a WMTbSM

FlIQJJHlli, "'~r:H - i~f1pl;)fU. ~:Qa,5 X[l<1'IO'1'. MaGtiO, 43,2 X :34,2 (l,M

PeMec.:rn't., KpeC'Tf.SIHcKa!H :lKJi13H:b JlI CaMJf p;epe1'l,eI{CTCW€ )J01T{lJIM «,ci'a,pofi 5p,~fi,aH'J.'C [<o:~J,.u"aJg1,~Ji:!'" OblJLKc:a MbIl'>.DI U3JIIQQ.,n:e.rU[I;.lWl cro"'CE!'1'a~.U1 !lJO.JIO'l'eEi ]3;!!I'I PO'I'<ll3Q :e:peM.i=I: ero npe6I:.~:saHMfI . .B Hm:':lIIem['! (532Iq,23).lB 1884: 11 iaas I'o~ax on pJ1:CYe"J.' 1'l. m>ImeT M:J.m.~K~e~l·Il!O UQ]J1'jJWI'OB ~l'fi'\e,;qe"'-1 HKI;:IHeHC!. :no e,),[QI]l,;ll~;..t: COIlpell'HilJ}[JillK013,. B.aH Fer e :;t;;lU~1T-ll'~H>c!'I!4f!!OCTOc1tT;[C'.r~0it'!'[ ~m6!1p<leT B MQI'lIS;!IIl4 Ha~t1c5oJi[ee NI<l.J[O!1!)l'lBJI'e!GlTE!>JIbH][;'l'e TFIUa;:K])f, Me:C'NJM p.a6oThI Xy)J;CNrnHK Bhl5J.qraeT ;!!I,OM<1 c'H<rIi!X KpeC~I.',~a:Eil It pa Ij]OTflO::; BHy-rpeBl:ree ocn:elll;e!I:i:M:e up Oc".ro 3ar.BOp<l:.lKI1:Bae'F .181'0; .r:tp.~ cl3!;rre JI~:MII];;I llI!QJIBJI.fI:ro~rC.H O!()J.l.bttllile· w pe';U'nll~[![Q .L'!:nH'lI.'p;'U::':l:I·lOCl'1'I1.'.reHM, 1<I1'pa. eE!e.'I'O'l'e:IU'! ffHme'n.:,ri el'!.~'y neo.oJ:.T·uloj;f" Ou. nJoP]:~'I:1T Teo: «Y .~!ei:iH eC'Eh~'[':tOAb] ro.m:OlilrlP03.'J.1.B ,C.SeTa.!il :[!nHanpaEl;ne:~4~H) C1:Iell.'a. -1~U,[:!JI.yW q:m:rypy .1'1 yli'!:'C I'Iaru.lt::aJt '['!eoA:nm;::pa'[!:Ho,~ [1:~;rl'@IQ., K.p[Y'I'Rl1.tY.fUHHTh, M. 'U:lCT:flll{fc!X K,ap1roCileJfh. B qJrij,C M I1pa!~H;;[Er" Ho..1IY'lWl'1[:ll ,il:tl1l:JlTOI]O-na~·1'[)~[1lI(1!)1III'y - I're 31~alp, ;a;0'5:f(1'rI"~H ~9'l::~1'1J:r9 <J'~I~le!{T<J! 'I'Py,!],HO" Ho .iBce-T~K:rc! <NIl'Ie ~<lL_)K@(j'Ga.,

iIn.'.1nUlflrll pa3:;tlL;r,;U, C ~l C'KOlIbl:Ul'Mtt 1I!o6D'~'1K"(~Hl-IlUl:r.Iit 1lI1i ~1il'fI'I 4'1U1'YP;UMU. en~Q I'Il1!tll:~;UbltO n XR~"a.r~[I OIILtTlj,

"I IU!C'ioI!pcrua, DO '!TQO:Wi ol'ioecOe"iltToIi

~ Ii npOAHIUfI;Clme BllJle.pen 1{ ycnex:, ,ou pewu .. "l DpoRep~t'I'h CBDHl' .n:pmoN=lOcn. :K "Ii"UKOI.1'i pD6orre.

B ",Ep,OIUiX: K;~P'l'OtPeJi]:ffi.' BaH {'OF nOlIJbM'dillicon 1l:I)[IJ10TilTI'> cl1IoA 33.~ffilC·G.II

toIRpeCThD"H'CKOrOI [Ul~IO'fR ,.. B

Tlnl,ttHI.t~ .. ax pea.n!l13,lI,i~a; 0.11 xurteIl.

rr ["I1:J~'iI''', gee uHa."l.c" '1e-M JlPyrH,e xYA)i'Ji:'mnut, - lIili! Jf,E~e~lJ]Jil~m:py .Fl,. He [l0ACJIDjuu aaa p.1;:~h;!ll'l3:I'lTeJIM{(j,cTh. OEI

HIC:liieH, ~.IlI!.I0Ii~EI afll~ef!FI- I-I1l"l'f)AQ MaR Hl8iS Ii:OOCT, ",aenG, 82 x; 114 10M

xore,q: (I 01)0 00,0;'1 epKiil)"rh 'roT 4:iIJiKT, 'ITU :J'T'" JI1iWUl "NMJr * PYK.UJJU, KOTopobr : 1-. ll'tm iJ ,P)"I1' fmUl;l.'. K(lina~'Il 3eliU110 I (.,.) 'ITO c,:.n,oJ'1l1iAOO otfU :::HlpnGOO",9J:!.~! "J. CTiIQlI (5,OlND~.I . .Q..irR na:nr~1 a ltJ] m;;: .'I1lm :o.:yamtafUK Dh!6p t~IU!'iI' 6m131UI~ K • "neT,}' ,IIMJtbti:olf ~apTO(~er!':~nm •. I, ac u!U~~m:o·tI ,,1m' • Klnl.~Ud'O'" (51 :..1 ·0 fl ).

n 0101 3<l.,llHCrio MEle .E<:<l Ill: na.p.a )!{pe.B.I:I:([X, y.2Ke OTNUfBIlIJtX' CBOe 'CTap:~II\:O]], KOTOph1e CO Bpeh1!eElle'lI.i! npe·.i3.p,rrr.-r.1lIl!(;h. II e;q,iI1IUl~ l~eJW;e, '(!jI'IQ;<eC"rSYIDmiee 3~ c::q~ ']:Ioro, "1:1'0 ero 'i;l!H:'.r1il UQ:l1}J;ep'2KKBaJIOT p;pyr ,'!!;PYr'Ol" '5~)!J11410}, ,[:ITO'! .IlO'MJlHt HanO.MH:U.lI EI'II.Y

J"H 3;"I.II1II~O KparU11UlifJ.kUH .!Hl<TOPQCi1" OH., r .. eraru, IC1..Il<:ill.'~JI O;!J;I,UI(M: ~.3 '~;,]"l\'IbU[ KpaCl-1BhlX I1Tff':l:bi:IX rHe3~ (.!H (l/oUl).

Tlecne «"E,!lPKOB I{ap'TocpeJ.l,s» BaH rory 'xo"['e:,roc~ .(io3;o;_a.T"[, 60J[lbIIl8 lJo..n:o·l'eU .,onpe,!l;eJle!:IHOI'Q ~OPMa.Tfl '" (5 OM 4(7) •. F'.':IJ6oT'0I man ~'1J'O~ :K~lP'l'klH()K c li5.3o{ilnn~'>ieHUeM: 6pa.l),:,l:E:I:I:t:lto:rO' flOMa, KIUU1X "1"11 TOr,!l;BJ J~e 6bI']]0 nOLf'l'H He 1[!I>n;:.~.;::a. '!I'b, Ha.'i;£lJlac:b "i3'l::Kope 'IlOCJI'e 'foro,. KaK B,aN ]['01' I:Iblpa311..11 on'o :;;;:iti,:,Il<lIIDUt. ,n:OM ,lJ;eJ1:HJIl··t:.f.I: ua ;,li;r,!il!'itiOlil:'iI,'M, e )lIl}'1t.1TH a."'i{O,lU'.IhIM~.i. ABephM~~ n o6meti t:l~qKQ.1:i!. iKH'r8J1ltl tlOM~.; cxopee scero

'7

Hlo~l1el-t, cepe..llI'lHil MI1IFiI tass XOOCli, Mi3:CIlIO" 1&5, '1' )11'9',,3 OM

nO:.lI'eF!llbUl! paC).O~l:i,e .1llJ'.Ul 'F~"a'fli, n:PJiIHOllJ,JIel(inlJU4 :t!: eaMoMY 6ell;HOMY CJJOID 131'ICeJleH"U"Ji". B 3a.ll:a"'!lt BaH rora, II nepIlj'Rl Q:"Iepep;E" BXo,:ll.JtlIO 1l30iSpa3U'1b ne :U'X fUUlleTY, a, cxopee, H(lE-!:YIG c .... MBIJJI.liU<Y crapcro, rrp:~:rII'ElI.TI:re.ro ~ Hli!l'O.ll,HO< 1'I:n '!:UiUllHIJl,a. «YsH,1l;e'l:i:IiOe OCTaJBJifJIO He'I~,3l' "IMIII:MOe 13 J] e-i.13'i~JIeHl'J'E: ;t!;]3,0!.

:J fO.ll:yp'n~l:B~lJlI,,"BlU ~XC,~[ lKltf!nlw;a 110.,11; O.1l,i:lOW 'rpo CT"ID!IWBOn KpMlI1 ' IR.

HiO:JHBH

Ka.pf]~iEly el,l300p<!JmeHHOfl aa .~ el!.i uePlH)BH.OJl: oa:rnHefi BHro:3.l'ieHe .iB1IIleCTe c- N~R:<ltMIlI .1ii:9.;PT04_)eJIa" 11i«,II;OMOM" Mll:lKE:H) O'I'HeCTI1. E{ nepB1>1M

'-«!B3pOC.rn:blJ"r~ paiS (Y'raM BaH :rota.

f" YL\1'~llEl{)tC, H'l'fIl:MJ1 Il:OJIOQ"Ha",ru Ci.n

Elfi,!llf!f<ll.l'lCH CR"ICK.a'It'~ nph-:3H9.Hi1re y TM .~ 'ij;~l:ry.r])fXflal::lJj*cI{~X *y~lD:4i.eCTl;e.ElHh:tK. eannaax. RFll'IMfrme M306p8i:LKeHfI C"~l'apa.fl 11,~!;l1i:ol!iiH;RlIT GaHl.lHfr.lI Ul~H.fJ]eYKaw;eB R

~.I.ei1iJ~:lta;q,6l'ltu:t:'! epe;g;J)[ filO.lllE!fi u n:lUJI1!EE Hf()f.lH€Ha. B 1 885 :rOJW QepKOIUi8:fJI uatI!JHH He':l/uOT.petl!JIfl,JiJiacr, 'ooJlee no naaua "].e.I:U11Q, uo lela l{JI.a~Ehl1.LIJ,e t.~[i.~e. XOl:)tllin:im" Y]I{e n ~.'e"IeHii!i11! M'~Orl<!"X J!if!'l' C:rapY.iD u,<:fLrn:!UQ {:oOU:paJJH("i[;, 'C:l']'I3'CD:I., :l1 EI H!l'4i:Ule .M~:ur T'O:rU I'[J';m:a :~j'Tlo,.W:.<l}K,€'Ic"q, ~'Eii.m.'BII1TeJi.W'lO ,1iI.0.1HIUm OL<~JI 0 OC:Y:I.[I;e{o."T'GH'l;:fi,i;lJl_ }.'[JI:l'! B~H r-ora, ~'U'O ("'raJiIn F.IUEl(l,ll;VlI.I :;!<itmeq<l.l"JH~TI, Y~.R J:1iO:nyp~13pyll]eHrJ.yIO~~pKOln', _

AC!~of.Ir:tt(!;a~~!~·l;r" a~O'l~iJP:liore BQ3H~IK;.1liDf D.pC!i paOO'l'e EHl)~ nO;r,[ypiII3pYI1JtmHo$1 u;ermoIiHofl: 5arn:Heii1 nOpO.l'l.~ID:i m(~IiJ]!I09J\!'TeJIbHO'J'IY':I'lliyID ~1'!'l'\epgTpe'1~aq1\f,m y"'i~SiCc1;'I~~ 3)~~1i!.~r 1(1 o.l'"1~y~a.lOllI,e."['O 'eNI iCtJ<l:;tJ;UJiIUJ,'l:I .• B nOJ'IOI'l'II:i!~ .B<!iH Ibry XO']leJ.IOCbilep<8,1.(a.Tb CiBOl';1) pa3MbnIlJlI".eHH.l'I 0 TOM, "ITO Berra M J:i~JrM 1':1(!,j'I UQc.',rie lle.I:I.HO 'l'(;l'I,J.mo']l t:UCl]O 3H3 "IHMIJCTb, HO ::lKH3tHb Kpee1i::b.l'] H oeraeTc.j'[ np1!tf. aTOM .HeJi[3MeE!HO~.,

8

Crapaa uepkoauaa 6a.WHAI 8, H:HJ3HeH8 'CeJ1bC"'Oe KJl<UlO"'lQe'

H!03!-!ie~. ~o~ellA, MaF:i - IH<\\iI;OiJiI'IIO II1IOH~ '1885 Xoncli; r.<IIaCJlO, 65:.:: 80 eM

mapoofi.pa:1!l'n:.re rH~J!laJ - O,!lH.Q B eepe;m;~'nIe, ;rJ;j:;lyrQ'G!cnpa,l:I<l. - me'3,!l;a KBJaIl~[mlJ1I(<l,KOT'Op1;IJi'i J!I{pe[lJL~eT 13:="'0.r\,fl 'GBOe ;l{m,l'IMme npli1 J:J0J\10\ut~ CO;i'101!.f!1:HOK, r .. aK U MOJKHO ,YBJlI,1l.M,hifla "}T()al,GJ,p'!l'1"]~ ,

B <IT@J.H;,e y BaH l10ra H"u;:om1J.IOCb MRIQ'~C'TBO B'Ca.!{Oi'ii JJC~f '·~.~~FI:b<l:

TI.!HC'l"P.YIl.];e:HTht, pEtC'TeRtlif, KYCO"lK],lI Mli:,~, !II<l(ll{]c1 :~ll{e[[I{Pl, 'cIY'I,eJIa :ilT.I'l:IJ,., BriO eecrpa JhfC G.mtCbllJiU~·[i .KRK

I! !>U:'J]F.!]ls;:wa KOIo.laa Ta.: «]3 (),.1i.I:iOIilII~~3 yl'JIon U~,XQ:1(!UOC:C. JtepeBo, g:,(J'I:opoe fil~~.JIO H<~:!;1;lt(m(i y~{e 1101'H5llieO\~. i>m,n;;~MO. rrpH rpoae, ~, (;o.~'j:ep:w.eHHo ~,lIiCOXnlMM. E;ro:BeTI';:H. Koe-l'p'~ uop.pe~a.JI'lf~.l. IIoc'raBJ<IJU;[ lEI Be)],po c ::Jr.!MJ~(l!t:l!; B K[H]]HG :31.'01'(1 l~elleB a. {)b1J1]!:I

9'

t(eJ1toe C()Upa'IH1@ BC.:H':IeCIU1X rH:€3)l., O:K;13::i!ll!l!,rnX'C.l'J ·1~.aM B pe3YJTh'ra1':e CiKJ4TilIlmil1l no CBeT'y, [CO'I'Opt:.lil:!' XY.llQi:1'KHHK cotipaJI .~. C!iQ'xpaF.lHJi". ,n:a.M P(~651;[,linTn{Jo1 J!]3 HKl3<.HeHSi. MOEJ1!;] :]l~.pa6o'rO)'l.~~ '.lB.m 1'01'01. AeC,l'1~'bU,et1'l'OIl ::l."lK<JI~K;m:oe nVY~F.I.,eoCeHH.oe 'MMM .l."He3,n;o_ "!ac'r'11 ;;l<I'OPl' r';:OJ[JIe:KQl1.m :i'.13 'rprs..;r:;U;a TIll. .p<l ::lJ]!IIl'q:m,lx :!1'1'~~,{bv!X r:He3:tt IT().H.1~l1J.\U~t~l> l4:11![)l'ipa~ml'lm"rMl':! aa .nH'.I'M. [lOJ~OTH:;'DL Ha ;;J1'ro:!<j 'KapiTRHe 13.llf,!l,f>l.M n."lll.'b THe:;:)];, nBlJ IIlJ;KcOI'0P[.lX O,!l;UH!oSIKO.i:lhlf: ,. ·8iT1'I

HIO~il~QI!'I Ktn~~1l.L ,c:a1f,1;!'!6piF!i- HCI'iaJ'lo OKTTil6pR 180851.11 '1S1lof;-B7 KOfler, Mo;:q{tJii]O, 39.3 )I; 46.5 eM

lllilCJUl :DlI:e3;].fII'IO~~

IlTtl,t1 ~9!1 fOlia - ;)1'0 "KII"'ULJJ..JU 2,B r'HlpT:l1 l 80S: ~ r'o,tr) - A:rmn I!lpl'l~t'll' B,tJPICEl'DL'W lIilirtilmJ,'" [::10m 11'('~'r.clnl~~ ~OM, ~lIml!fllnllll !~OIU:t'C H[JP~J'l'g - ia UiJl' [)U n~l)OO3<l'K"~~"I,' H Imll'll'I~'lll.'l1'y IO!Clurnlllca CX<l~)P311' t ~f.i 0'1).1 ,(iI l"ll !OM~'lElIr!fl{,or:;.fllJ'If 11 1l1(lli~

nrpOT CT,aHTC Ill: 0 1'0 nplilNJo,q,;!!, u y 'K'OifOPOfO C H.a·UI.JI3 18:34 ro.;EIl.Ol Ea'!'! for

j'jR, Em~Ul.JlJ KOMHa'l'Y .lIOPi,

MOl TepCR_YW. TaK>Ke! KUK ,~I, E!; C..Il,Y"U!,jj!' 'C::

"BblN.OJ.qOM U3rrpo'reI:!Ta[;I!Tc-r,!:gfi; :~!epKElU ]I, HL{):30HeHe~Ta pafio-ra C DaCTops't'OM L'l HIO::'lUeU,!i:ll~e ,BXCI',!!{KT J], Tq::DflI!I.I:"'U!lde jJiElMKW !1,lJUrOnnmKI4:X C'U})KCTOB, .lI:Jllfi 1';:01'OPhIX i)o,.Til(',le TITIDJ"t;lHbT

,~il,:lOG P ajofl:e.JiJlLn '~.ll(!!'lICTB'eHHO:M:",

IqJ "TM1l:H]K :H }Jrn:ljI{}1. DQ ;;loTot>l flIJ~l"l:'l>1l11 MOll~!m JU)1l03,peB8'.I'b" <1'1'0 3~,'a

naCTopaT a HI:03lHeHe

~H" ee"'TiI'I~,~b __, ItIlLjM~, O~T1l6pA 168E1, Xcnrr, I,IjlCJlO. 33, x 013 c

RapTU,!"U.I, ·IHliJJl1C 'lilt BIUl'tecrsc n e ~e.rlbl(] (ICTU~I.ITL lU]C,[IOM:lUUIIUIC ~JlI'I! Teo, C' ,.orc ~ OI\'~.-I-I'Ia K"~ B~f! rOt!" pe'W,lIUI, C'Ji"aTJ!-I Xy~,('!oiKlliJ:1KOl!ll, Teo nOC',I"OJ:mfIO' !ill'O :,£oMep:ilci:r»aJl KaK (ImIlOlIl _ no, 'L'L'&( u. M,{lpU,JlhHO. UH t:~pn'r 1lI:~I,~el-[ Ii'! tl :I:! ee ~ ~~ !~J 11111: 'Ii!l!O :I:I,r:erp;1:I OCl'anaJ~C'JI oepen BmlCel'lT, 11:

n,p!i1' 'MJUlJlI '],MY.A ~Ilh~'~~ HJJ~ Ml:l'I'(Jp'~mJOM ~~;IUI' ',I'IU]P'~I:!C·l'.8 L.

n Cibm: Ci'HI1'p~.JIl'l: IU, ).Kjof3Hb ..

CTP eMl1TeJIbHl aa .MatH e'pa,B, !,(O'!,'QPott aanacaaa KapT~ma, 15[)J"IT.l l~·ar~e.a:JJa nO'eiI:l;em:lI1!M 'oCYAapCT·J3.l;;ml:OI:"o ,[\IIY3err II AMCT PJlaM eo; It A~ aa B,aIr ron I1.p U113J!l.e,mr 6oJJ.b.wO e '!I3:n:~"I';;I:J'JIe\all > pa6oT.l>1 11 nophIBf.fC'r.Rn l'eXIDIKOI rIl1cr:,;Ma P~M6p !:'IH,!\'l~a B~im 1?~;loiiEli3i (1.606-1.1)69) ]II ocOOetl:110 dlp.u-Ica Xa:iIbC;l (oKmlO 15fBO-Iflij(it

STOI, nop.a3I1!Te:m."I~u:H Tlij]]jjFIHaa: ;'l;JUlI Baa !bra rmp'iI\lHa UOJ'l!j,J'UmCJ, n.3~nO,lt ero KJfC'I'J1[ El KOr.Ute OK':I'.ubpc.II 1.8 (I 5, rO,.!!,a '{ IJ 3 l:leKO'topo~ BpeM.H f.lOC.JH~ era :JTIO,!lOfl «NI01"e·.11l)rpol'l SLH Ke c pa3;n,[I1":l]:ffi~.MU u:se'l'aID1o> (535.f'~24). HOI.1UlpTHae n:306"pa2KeH.~1 OHOJTHfI, a p8.!l,OJIil: C uei~ POM<l,JI qJpaH.U;Y<lC~O]'(I IUIC;Q'l'e,tl.n a"'rHJlfI 30JiH. J .... a j(Jif! de '1)'i'ur,~, Bl\t6..iIlfI[ IIpKEla,!.(..1Ienl:'<i!J\ta KOI';o;a·'ro 01'11;)" Bar-r f-ora, :li!.sa 3'TO"iii Kapl'J!IHe, I1<) :Elce~ E1epOHniO TH,OHa

cnM;flO"H~·Jrl1p.veT .lie'I1:l'MI1lIIHOCT'fu. ero (OTllj;a) aepsr, ORa O,[Kpl'.I':ra Ha ,53 l"JIU.I1(l pr3 RmtfM. IIpapol!::(;l MCo:U~J'Ir Ili K01~QPQR roaopsrrcs 0 npm:neC'TElliUIf CU·.I'Ctl'i'e.J,[fl. Cal'.jo:ro ;)l..:e BJ.lHCe.l:l'Ta 3aIlQpalK'HB.aJW TBOpqeCTI:lO 30.iHI 11 cpp aj.!,!"~ 3CK,an .Barl'YP aJUICT.H~lec",.aJ'l"

.. n;ur;repi/l,T)I'pa E u;,ejl]:'OM. OEl::l. npeztcranaanac» P.r.TY acero pOP;,a. EhIl6J1llH9:frl: eOI!pe[l,unnmti }[E~].\l3r.I.M._ 31.'H P;I! t'!:R!i1l'.l<I .l1:,Pe)1:CTOlBJ1ffW'r COo oR CI~·MBO.1jM TorO,KOiU( no-pa3,HO:MY O'l'en;

11

HI1D::5)HI@lI~, CH";f!l6p.b 1'885 XOllCli, MtlCilO, 65",7){ 78,5, oCM

AHTBepneH lI1 napVl>K

1.2

A'HlDe:pneH, ,I!l"el\;af:ipb Ul85, XjOI'CG1J;, Macno,35 x 2<1! OM

B KOH:qe Hoa6pH 1 RaJ;) J.'Q,!J;aB.<lH fm l[e'pe'1B3~a·e'][' II 6e-Jllirl<lAcKHA IOPOJll, tU:.lTH.e])I-.e'EI. B HIU!ape lHS'ti 1.<O;m," ml: 3a.ITl\lICE.IBaeTCH 13 I"'OpOj1eHe.K.y~.o .aKaJ,l€MTI)fEO M306p a3'~:l"e-'Th,iI:l.lia :HCKYCC'L'S lUI .lCYP C 3a.HaT~~[ :P]~COBH:~Uij'eM J,1 rK.l:.l:l:H)1tl)j;(!::t:.Il)"

:F:To 50Ji:b.~.l1'1E! qeM iiLIGilJ:l.eM:~.i <.~~CKl~iE!

'lUI.HliI.Tpr.'f] Hilt HerO OKa3,I];[sae.l:' BJlJ1f.ll,u1,jl

••

. noce~ieH}fe· MY3e.ElB AH'F.~ep,neHa,

Deofiel'iJ'IO erol.umMaH.IlI.e[~pn~J1teK~mT TBi!')pqeCTHo/'!{:1!I:1lI0:rr~ICll;;J. xvn nerN, IIlil'Tepa IIay J]~I Pyfl'eE!e~. {]jj, '7 'l-l 64(1); Oi;O'n~.B:& WFl1'epetElOI!I.3Y"'I.M'.[1:; pyu'~I:I.U::1

·1f!~~l;!nn:o nOTot'o,ty, "fTO ~:I'O Te:X:~U~'!~"!HI nepnM:U m~3.i',l'UI;g 'l:l'OJ!!]" npO'(;::rOl.. a,

(1Kopee. OFl<J!. BCt;:flD J.I:~m:.u"E{.~.:lI[~,[,'(,lIT. C!"l'{jI,lJ:):, TlPOC"l'OID, I[p.I~. a:nl2lu:n:112 H~:flQ.TII;mJ1·~ y~n,nHnX, MCIlQJ!'[,,3yn lJ:p:~ ,;)),!,O'(I;l t)MCTPF,H': 'i\!y:B@:P OlT!'!1.:!,(l Ma3KH, :x:y;q;o:nnum ~<l!I' nl![]H~'+'I.lI p~[.C'y~~! HI) ·!1I[).WI'pe'il.'hJ ~. !,,{l,flm~Mn{eHl]~\!lrH '~m~~ 'cPirlSrYlJibI - <ITO ":iTO-TO

EH90OcMKHOm .. '!HHOe» {5 5,5.1444) .

. Sl\OXlICH;I;II(ilrn·lbl:l!ia'l'HM BatT, rOT' rI~1[[w1 c I!!O~ C'L'petVIJ1',1'e,T,[ 1':.1:1 Mff r~op"J,'pe'r :m:eHm;JIi:m:.~. c pa cnym;eHH:bIM.M .BOcJIQcCaM.M. Pa3 .. !UoJ':IJ.ff[ Me~Jl,y ropO~e[U1Mn ,D;f1MfI..MJf 11 r>:peC'lrbf.lEll!ifl1m 113, Hma:[:teH3&r.a.lJftJ.r:t4 Ba H To ra, no e~(j ·c,oi)Cll'aeHi.I:i.bl"'>.t C·.1u:OEl,a:r!ll, :!:I,a f.[()'6bliE:: .MblCJm: J1.11!,1.I}E'llit ~'Bl'lOpy ".1l,J].I':i ry(~rhIx IJ'l~eTOB" {553/44~).

ASTonopTpeT

ITla:p~1}j(. OG~Hb 1S!l!D XO,n'ITT, M~J:W10, 46 x SB C~.,

BAI'i~I~Repbe[~e :Ban fOl' BCnqeeKIil TIbITa~C.l'~, n1_]lif;nyMi<l''l'h, l{aK, 3a,pa6o'l'm~l; ~l;;:MBClIU:l'~bf() na M9I3m, OK xorerr UW:Ca.'Ph U"'ln.l F(lPOAIi. 'VI IIpo:,u;.ma:'I'bJ..'l:l{ TYpJ.1·C'li'<l1l1 1'3.,llM

p.nco Ba"'r!b .B:E.U;iEtCK:IOI: lIJUI :n'<l.ra~ti.I:['o:!! Ha noprperax 01:1. TI)"Ke' IIJilElHJ.tpon;a ::U:l.p.a60Ta'E.b KO,e-i![,~.l'[~e ,P;emr'Ii]., "ITOf-i.J.I, no CQ,(icTBelUIOh1Y

BLiP" 2Kei:l.JI!:IO, n O;D,ro'').'OB:!;I.''l'M:,g ]I: «,DUi.ll'Ji,nU:I.l\<I 3,eW;U:M;'9' (54:9/43~),

CB [UO Jll,!llero mI1:C$!'YJ.. nop'l'peTb.i QB IlerID1.J11>U['lQIBEU'I:iJO 80n ;n:O']'])i'fh 1'1 1Kl1I3H.l'>, 'Lh'oo.hI.,110 KO.F.i:[~a OCuorl'I'bCf. .aTOM ,. on nliillJe"r eeparo aIl~!.'onOp'1"pe'l'OB. B IT.::tp:J.tJKe: 0'1'1

lIP O,l.tO.F.D.!:!:a C'E eLlle nn Ci;;l'l'b <'!BTO]]Op"rpeT'.l:.L .3Ta p,a6o'I'~ - OAtHi :

COl .t},:IX P<tll.!:J.1'1·;'; n()I'Ib~'l'OK BaH rom Pl30EiP1l'3;WI":IJ C<l!MorC! e~I5H, ·3TO - TJ:JEnU1p (l~K<~ c :~f(;nO;;1H~30[i.1ilrn.eM TlE!'Ml:IhIX '1:'0.108,. IW~'O'p<1I$I . .rrplnH~l[!:1. I{ ;IlI;OBOim> JJ:O' 1:pallHl~~OI;U'IO Bhll1ol.:nH~BHoili Kapa·~nl . Do JlTo.My rroaerny lU:i)-ll:IOr ":1.1'0 Ha[lJ,1(;aHliH! 110P'ii'P.l1!'T'OB ,!l;Q{!TCJI BaH rLiry ,eru;e nCCh.M-<I 1"R1K~~;n:O. JhllJIb enycl"1!: ·re.K.O'I'Opoe l3:pe~H: nOll;o5l3'hle' J]OJIQl"E el"s,uYT .3Ha·H~·Te.iilbFl·O Mo:n(~ee IiI 60.1))1 30iK(}[p·re:&.I ll:r:>rMlf,

B AIi."l':E!epmme Ba:H ro.r ,!tOJ'Iro H.e 3a/~ep~[:[<lJJ:C:1I. 13 KQHID;e 4JeBpaJt]'L 18 ,':16, ~Q,1l;a OH O'i't1:PWM,fH~TCH B Flaprcac . .ITo :rPHe3~' OB. 3.H81W!1t'U:lT'CfI C Oom.u:rn:r,'{ ;C:OoJa'~D"!eC'l':e,QM flPYf'JU{ xy,li,Jilll-cHHI{OIL On: nQIll;~yJoKI<IJ'J:C,H: t!'Ah11J1:lo1i TY .lIY3-J[m:peIWM (1 as 4-190 1), llo,.'tJ!eM CJlLE[bfnmM (1863-111,35,). TIOJI,eM. Dote-HOM

(lMEl-l !JUJ} li1: 3~fjtJ1eM. BepHapoM

(1 BIi.i6-1nl} - ace ;:i'.rlii X.y.u:.o.lKJ1I4:[U'~

14

BViA Ha napllD4<

n:~i'pl..1)!(. MaVi 1,BM

XiOJl1C:T;. Mac:JilO, 54 x 72,5· cr..~

CI>ll"P<lJlJ:1 El· .lJ!jaJIbHefillleM. 3na"il11'1:'e.m.:ey:ro pon B $OPM:t..1.pOJ3.;:lr·n:n'l COI'lP eMQHHOrO .loiCKYC("'f',B8.

B3HB C COOOti 3"1'I01Ji,HKK, Ban Tor 6PO,1lf.f'l'IrO :ropom']:.]j .lj~fm,eT pa3.IT.JlI'LmMe I!T,1;n;l,]: il.ar1lOKfl. n:OHSI. ~la:tly,r,aK 1Ke KaK ~':a Hm;;melul, OI·I etue nMUU~~' '!'e~tl:lblMl'l l..-paCKiil.1J.Ul. ,D;.ali.iUIl'1 Po:JiUOT.a erne IlO MHOrOM orrapaerca HaJ M,a.I-Iepy n"t;:LM~, 11)1:!'IlIO~11·1'3ye""w[{) np e·,ll:cTRS14"E'€!'J.Ui1'd:P.I

'5a.p514:lf.)H~ln.liillJll,!:0J1"~, CnYCTfI H~KO'l"(J!po,e B~)eM.a BaH [':01' IHl'-lHe'i.' y.m:~ ]lrCf,rQ.JlliJ;Q II ,n'l> C:BerJI;'{ID o.aJU1'1'py 11 pa,3pOJ;I{ 'Ulfhle Ma31U1- M.aHe'p~ X"l;l<l~TepHYEO ,llJur ~IMlJP ·Ct;;1~OI,U1t:TUB,. Ha <lfT\O!W: KapT'.M:H:e xy,,1]OO:i.'l:H])U>i: :l<J!U(;p'{aTJIeJI B Jill TIapIDK8 B .IDI"ODOC'I"OLumf1 erO'laCTH. B C'<iMODiI~eH'l'p~t Cpe,1J,"t1 1>1Opn cepblX ;'.I,OMOEl;

;EHJ3Bwm:a STefl 1qlJl:o.J1 n,aH'FeOHhl,

JJJ1,3[[JOEI.'IlelIHh!rH J~ PICQtlllI:Io,,;ra UTPllltli 1IIm1!'~r'I,JCII~N~t"rll,11:I. JiJI~~:M J (11,111,6, 1:I(JI'tB

paH~i6r'D.I!p1lHam rl ]J(l!'lIe'IH)M"

.. $.Id:OOeTODQI"Q~ H, 1'1 K1Dnll~ ,l.'l.H rum. 'iI~:ii1 .~IJ; 'A1illilllW~ iIIO'tlZl!llrrm,,:lG:i!'ct.t:ilL-rn JW~<r rC ~QM, ~

He I:Cpttd'i rnpull)ElI<IH" 59a)_

rap~1l1'15;'11!11, rn KM:QPO~ f~iD!~1»!'!'

Ff~!.ro 't'~"'I![~H\H1 1C~'[!1!:l i(Vili1 ~m, ;!tn11 ..... tr .... ,m.,• IilC:S()~~lJlJ1,Tbi:JlI, orr 'l'~r!lUllol.."!:

:\\]JH3 BIITt'I~n1H'" S~T

Ii! r,!II~lI~j[i'}iIIy~ll~lnll :!JD)iI;,Y'il.IHUI,

El.;,1HillIIll~ "IIDpl~eCTD.a M,a,rc~PliJ ae&1I ~\J.Ifl.:IMiJil. lIitlllDlI·'I'lrq'L'.n''I'IH ,U124 6pa;Tib:FI Un nu K)'mt,,'H~ ~n.n.K>Il K.1p1'iUI <JIMf!O KYlttlm~IIII/;.'l:

Base c rTlaaIWO.nycaML4 M aCTlPaMV1

na~I'IIi., ~~&4 Jfi~'m -I)Qe", .. 1IIme ~. M!!(lIllO ,11[8,5':11 aa,SJCM

e[)m;p:u:n~.~[~lQ ll~QI5!'.ro:m_bd1 :MO'l~w:! ,1J,Ji3 KapT.IIHU:;I - {:To!'p1;U~ OO'F.m:lKl1 - 'CTaJI npeJ\"'~{;1T911~ nlC~·'l'~~ pa3IDr'lH:bL,{ HOJWTeH BaR'] lOra, XY"~Oi:iK:m!lK, C' rWIf'OpbIM .B.riUi n'or BcorpeT[I!JICHB TIapP]d'l:e,

IUl:1ll0Nll<~H01!,([!.'[ e 'FOM, K<lIK BaH ror n1'>I.·N)J!~n 1'! rq :l['r.1'l ,.i\tocj'o!fi f.a:Me' 3K3eMIIJ'lapEoI ,J:WI...Il. Ka.p'F~I.HhI; «FI~ Q~"Il'Q,[ln[HOM PbIHKJe (l,E. KY[lj,j,:t[ l"1,a,PY cT'aP';;rx, OOJIJ,.I1lJ1X, Heyr{JlKl}K~X

6~JJJ:M:a J.'l:O'E! - oaw.M:nKOT.:1 ~,~:j];K:Ql'(}~'lI'a

16

napl~;;I!::" ,fl~H'O 1886

X!01l:t:ir, M aJtJnlo, 37.5 ~ 45~M,

~l<li'50T.fLrpt -l'iiO "r,~~'CTl>lX ,~~: aOl.um:m H;8i<.!.I~:u~er.-IHblx·_ 3TQ f1iJ'I;~~ O!D£>Et:IE'!'!,,'I.'e c:!"aph1e. OQ'T',~!H~Jol, Hl,f':lero

np~rli.qe·m 'I'e'Jl:l;'['I(H'O n~nf~ He 6iI.-JJ[Q, KaxTO .w.U~M ,K.Or)'ljl! rua;rl cW;l!r~ Hhdt ll:o)K1J,h, DE! op;e.,1il J1iR T,f Ha!npaBHJ]CH sa [ll'0r~rJJKY l3)i1;cmb (1T'i;l.pOHro·poncr~o:i!i CTfH:!hI. 11: Bot'" :3:~JIen;JmIIHM(l'I'p~rabl(1, omit CTaJIl1:. n:rp,a.J;no (iQ\;!Iiee~ll'1.'epEl'CEl.E.HxJ]1;-'.

Bno.F.Il'le BOllM'O]K}IO, "1'1'0 R CT9.1:l0il. nape G.a,WMa[(,QI~ BaH E"orB~l1n,e.J'I ocooym

CHMi30J.lJ>fKj' - Henpm'JH:l_.1lJ'lhH:l JI1!31"mmelUI[OIe 5aillM<tKM

:Me1'a¢opl1.· •. ~,eeKI1 'e:I1IMDO,lIliK!ll1pOBO'lJllt ,!I).l.l'l. aero "I\1'LlfieJl:&.:lH. Tpy;o:paO{)tf~1:;i FI'liDl :EleJJ.e:rK)'1o ;I'lO.lOO, :S'ra lia[Yl'.l1H1.t noc1.t.;y}&m~r1ill I!tll~C1!1t!I.JM ,;~JHj E'lCfI'K.o:ropo,ga liOJ1xo;fit{)r~I1I":lee.KII!.X .1!.CCOllTll:aqni-l:. no l1p:aBj' HJU:l! .. He COEH.':e'M He'fi:(i/TOPl'1i!'I:

Y ilD:;i,J1m.:r:. y.E1HJli.e'Pb II nOJ'l.o'['!~~· ,c;i.·lMJI'O;!l HeUp,}CTt!:[,[}~K"~me:IUIO'r-[)I[lIy'r,W1 :BaH fora,

HaTlOpM'opThl BaH fora ~1~Jll1JCi> etrJ;e B I'aars B 1881 rozty,

OB p>:!coBaJI nap PYKOBO:rlCTBOM MaYBe (1838-1888), o,n;nora H3 raarcKoM lliKOJ.lliI. M Y2Ke

tIJIe:1HOCTh aa[II1caHJ1Jl: paSJl:t:.f"fRMX c I1BJIblO naY'iJ1T'bCJl: 1Oli~,alKaTh pa3HOo6pas!1€ q,OPM J1

MLt1AVIVI VI KpeSeTKlII

napl1)1(, OC€Hb 1886. Xencr, MaC110,27 x 34 CM

fora ITOHBJUUOTCH ITB€TbI, ITT11:u,:I:.I J1 BC.R"'i€CK8H CH€,lJ,I:.. OR ,1l;a:m::e M36J1paeT pa3JIH'iHI:.I€ cop-ra pbr6'&J - craaprrziy, KOII'ieHYro M COJIeHYro C€JIbJJ;b - IIpe,n;M€TOM CBOJ1X HaTropMopTOB. Ha 3TOM H€60JIbIIIOH pafiore, C Yf306pa1KeHH"bIMJi rra HeM M11.I1J1:ffM11 11 KpeB€TKaMJ1, xpacaoaa rsre TOHa xpeae'rox KOHTpacTvrpyroT C HCCJ1H:ff'IepHbIMJ1 MJ1,1l;J1JlMJ1.

.11Hor.n;a BaH Tory npHxo,n;J1JIOCb

BI:.IMeHMBaTb CBOM pafio-rsr, 'ITo6:bl KaKJ1M-JTIf60 o6pa30M HMeTb B03M02KHOCTb ITJ1CaTb CHOBa .. EMY O'ieHb 3aXOTe.nOCb aaanazters rrapoa aKBape.neilI xy.n;02KHl1Ka XIX nexa 32Keaa .113a6el1 (1803-1886) - aa HMX BaH for 6bIJI rOTOB 6bIJI IIOMeH:ffTb CBOM HaTEOpMOpTbI. A O,!\Hy KOMl103li1UJ.1EO C KOII'IeHoti ceJIe.IlKoi1. Oll BbIMeH:ffJI aa KOBep,

naplII)f(

To, 'ITO OIlliIThI BaH fora c 6oJ1ee CBeTJ1oP! na.m'fTpOH Ha"l3J1M y~e npnHocMTh ycrrex, MOEHO YBli1,n_eTh no ;noM KapTI1He, aanacaaaosi B Kacpe «TaM6YPJ1H» aa 6yJIhBape KJ1MWI1. Kadie «"TaM6YPI1H» oxem, JIetKO Y3HaTh no JmTephepy, OCHOBHY:ro "laCTh xo'roporo COCTHSJlJll{)T CTO.l1YIKM B BMil.e raM6YPMHOB. B 3TO tn1Tei1::aoe saaeneaae BaH for qaCTO aaxoztan co CBOJ1Mli1 )J;PY3hJlMI1 M3 MacTepcKoi1

cpepRaHa Kopsrona (1845-1924), r;n:e OR npopafiora,n HeCKOJIhKO MeCJlUeB. )KeHru;MBa C BeC'hMa npHMe"lare.JThHbIM, HO rpy)J;RO nO)J;;n:alOru;eMYCl'I On"YlCaHMKl, rOJIOIHr'bLM y60pOM - .:)1"0, no scei1 BepoHTHOCTI1, yp02KeHKa HeanOJIH, BJIa;n:eJIJifIJ;a 3ase.n;eHH:F.Ii Arocrxaa CeT'aTOpJ1, Y KOTOPOi1 C BaH I'orosr, noxozae, 6hlJIa He.D;o.rrra,a CBJl3h.

B 3TOM iKe 3aSe,lJ;eHJ1M Baa ror opraaxaoaan BhlcTaBKY anoacicoa

rpaqrMKM. 3ra BbICTaBKa, no CJIOBa~ Bag fora, oxaaarra BeChMa cepsesaoe BJIl1HHHe aa raop'secraoero KOMer Bepaapa J1 JIYH 3HKeTeHa (1861- 1932). B:hlCTaBJIeHHbIe aIIOHCKMe rpaBJDPbI ezta a MOJRBO pa3JIM"lJ1Th aa crene aa ArOCTl1HoH.

18

ArOCTV1 aa Ceraropn B Kacpe« TaM6YPIII H»

na~

napVllK, 314Ma 1887-88 XOJlCT, Macno, 55,5:x 46,5 eM

sa MOJIMapTpe,

OT KOTOpOrO HaXOJtl>lJIaCb aa ym1I\e JIeIDlK.. f.D;e XU1J1J1

RaJ{ U MaCTepCKM KOpMOHa, B ;1TOM 1Ke paRoee. 3.D;eCb J( IIPpbl!-Xj17\OJKHJ1KJ1 ,Il2KOR (1858-1930), iKop'lK Cepa

6ynbBap KIllllWVI

napl1JK., 311Ma 1886-87

XonCT, Macno, 46,5 x 55 eM

MH01KeCTBO oxpecrasrx MeCTeG:eK HaUlJIM caoe MeCTO aa pxcyaxax Yf KapTJ<1HaX BaH Fora. Ha aTOM xaprrrae crrpasa OT 6yJIhBapa KJIYWIM M01KHO pa3JIl1:"DiITI. casroe HaG:aJIO yJIMIU>I JIeIlHK, nrnYJ:IJ;eMCH BBepx aa MOHMapTp.

Ocofierrao XOPOiliO na aTOM pafio re M01KHO 3aMeTMTb BJH:!.lIHJ.1e KMITpeCCMOHM3Ma. CKopaH, cnOHTaHHO H300pa2KeHHaH MMIIpeCCMH «npoero

KaKOM-TO YJIO'lKM» 6:bIJIa OG:eHb norryJIHpHa cpeznr npezrcraanrenex sroro Te"leHMH. KOPOTKMM, 6bICTPhIM Ma3KOM BaH for nepenan na KapTMHe JllOf:(e'fi:, .n:oMa J1 nrpy CBeTa.

napV!)t(

Bo apesreaa BaH I'ora MOHMapTp enre OTJIlIPIa.JIC.R: 'IaCTM"IHO )J;epeBeHCKJ1M xaparcreposr. Ho IIOCTerreHHO JIU1BOrrHCHan: oxpaxaa ace fio.m.nre M 60JI:&IIIe nonaztana B rrpezrensr ace paapacraronter oea ropona.

IIpH HaIIHCam:lJ1 :nOH KapTMHbI BaH For 06paTH.lI oco6oe BHHManHe Ha TY Tl1DJ{'IHYlO 'laCTb MOHMapTpa, rp;e OrOpO)J;b1 CMeHH.JIMCb nO.JIHMH. TpH MeJIbHJ11U.r na MOHMapTpe

nOJIb30Ba.JIJ1Cb OC060M norryzrapaocraro cpenn TypMCTOB.

"Y caMOH 60JIbIIIOifr MeJIbHJ1D;bI, M306pa)KeHHoifr Ha KapT:I'lHe, - BmOTrl>eH - 6bIJIa enie Teppaca H CMOTpOBa.fI mrornaznca, oTKy,[(a OTKpbIBaJICH 'Iy)];eCHblifr BM)]; aa IIap:vr2K. CJIeBa OT

MeHbmeii MeJIbHHIJbI BH,llHO, KaK HacTynaeT ropo)];, - 60.JI:&IIIOH }fU1.JIOifr KOMIIJIeKC B03BbIIIIaeTC.R: Hap; IIOJIHN.m. TeXHMKa, MCnO.JIbsyeMa.R: BaH rOrOM na

aTOH KapTMHe, rr03BO.JI.R:eT 3aMeTMTb, 'ITO xy,[(02KHJ1X YJKe nOSHaKOMMJICH C HeOJ1M.IIpeCCMOHt13MOM K MOMeH1;y E!€ HanHcaHHH. Jif306pa:m:aJI ysacrxa 3eMJIH M 3)J;aHH.R:, BaH I'or

JIYSXTldpHbIMH .JI1dH1!fHMYf, EO "''-''VV 'UI"I aTO HaITJifcaHO B crrOKoHHoK,. MeBee HarrpHlKeHHOJ1: MaHepe.

20

Oroponu III MenbHlIIl4a 5nKJT-¢>eH Ha MOHMapTpe

naplII)1(, aecaa 1887

X OJl CT, MaCJlO, 44,8 x 81 CM

* C ,[(eTaJIhl{)

B ID1ChMaX K MaTepM B HIO;;lHeH, Teo paccKa3hIB3J1 0 TOM, K3K nponaxranacs ycnexx BMHceHTa aa BhI6p3HHOM 11M norrpnnre. B 1886 rOAY OR TIJ1caJ1 eM, 'ITO BJ1HCeHT pncyer B OCHOBROM I:'(BeThI, 'iTo6hI,l:(06YlThCH 6oJ1ee CBeJKMX TOROB aa CBOHX pafiorax.

He TOJ1:bKO I:'(BeT.bI ,l:(J1R BaH I'ora CJ1YJKJlIJ1M TeMOM K HaTIDpMopTaM, HO TaKJKe H casrsre rrpxasr-rasre

rrpe,n;MeThI 06Mxo,n;a M rrarepsepa. To, '-ITO ZlTM 8TIO,Il;bI B nnere nOMOrJlY1 eMY ,n;06MThCH onpezreneansrx YCTIeXOB, IIOK33bIBaeT3Ta pafio ra, H3TIJ1CaHHaR B 1887 rony, I'opnroxex C JIyKOM narracaa O'-leHb axxypa-nro, TOHKOH KMCTO'lKOM. MHOrO'lMCJleRHble OTTeHKYl 3eJIeHOrO KOHTpaCTl1pyroT C xpacm-na M OpaHJKeBbIMH I:'(BeTaMH. Ha 3aAHeM IIJIaHe MOJKHO YBMAeTh

21

rOpWOK C 3eneHbiM nYKOM

n apVDK, BeCHa - nero 1887 XOIlCT, MaCIlO, 31,5 x 22 CM

.f

AeKOpaTJ.1BHble 060M, xoropsre BCTpe'IaIDTcsr erne aa HeCKOJIhKI1X xaprxaax Toro JKe nepxona.>HaIIpHMep aa «HaTIOpMOpTe c rpacpMHOM M JIl1MOHaMl1». Ha TOM 2Ke caMOM cpOHe BaH rOrOM 6yl1,YT nanxcansr ern;e MHOTl1e noprpersr Ii! HaT1OpMOpThI.

nap~)t(

HaTHJpMOpT c rpacpll1HOM III nll1MOHaMlI1

nap~)I(, B9CHa'neTO 1887 xonct Macno, 46,5 x 38,5 eM

BOJlbWaJI "iaCTb HaTEOpMopTOB, rrOF.LBHBWJ1.XCH B IIapIDKe, 6blJla aarrxcaxa C u;eJlhlO a3y"lMTb UBeTOBhIe 8¢cj;leKTbI, BOSID1KaEOW;Me rrpJil pa3JlM"IHOM CO"leTaHMJ1 KpacoK. XY,IlO2KHHK 8KcrrepHMeHTnpOBaJl C KOHTpaCTHbIMJiI COT.!eTaHl1J!MJ1 Me2K)zy CJ1RTIlM H OpaH2KeBblM, KpacHbIM M 3eJleHbIM, 2KeJITbIM M cpJilOJIeTOBbIM. IIp.1rJIYIIIeHHble TORa IIOCTeueHBO YCTynaEOT MeCTQ CBeTJIblM H He CMeIIIa.HHbIM UBeTaM. B TOR 2Ke naJII1Tpe, paapoaaeaasnra Ma3KaMH Baa for pncyer KHJfrM, cpPyKTbI, paCTeHJ1.H, CTeK.Tl.HHHble npe,nMeTbl, MOJIJIlOCKOB liI paxo amrsr.

3TOT xpacoxmax HaTlOpMopT BaH fora HalIJ1CaH 2KHBO Jf TOHEO; xepea xpacxy MQ}KHO ,n;a2Ke pa3TJIf.U);eTb lIOJIOTHO. CBeTOBhte 6JIMKM aa rpacpJ1He C BO,Il;OM HClIOJIHeHbI BliIPTY03HO. Hrpaa BTopocTeneE;:ablMJ1 TOHaMM, xy,n;mKHlilK nO:KaSbIBaeT, HaCKOJIbKO OR y)Ke OCBOM.TICJl B TeOpMJ1 U;BeTa. )KeJIThle Jn1MOHbl orripacsraaior JIMJIOBhIe TeHJil,. a 3eJleHbIR lIepBhIH IIJIaR npOTJ1BOCTOMT BTOPOMY xpacrrosey. BaH I'or 6blJI HaCTOJIhKO noacnea peSYJIbTaTOM, "ITO zrazre IIo,n;UJ1CaJI KapTHHy.

naplII)K

11.3 KBapTMphI aa yJIM:O;€ JIaBaJIh, r.n;e 6paTh.ll X'CMJIM BMeCTe C MOM€HTa npxeana B IIapM)K BMHCeHTa, OHM B MlOHe 1886 rona nepeeXaJIM B 60JIee npocTopHyro - aa YJIMIliY JIeIIli1K. Bpa-rs.s 6M.IDf O'-IeHh .n;OBOJIhHhI OTKphlBaBWJ.1MC.llW3 xaap'nrpsr BJ1.n;OM. Teo OTIMCbIBaJI 3TO CJIe.n;yroI:o;HM o6pa30M: «Caraoe 3aMe'-IaTeJIhHOe B HaweR KBapTMpe 3TO TO,. '-ITO np.llMO M3 OKOa:

OTK pr-raa eTCH MCKJUO"<J"mTeJIbH"hlM: amp; aa sees ropon n aa XOJIMbI Me,n;OH,

CT. KJIay,n; M zrpyrrre, a TaK)Ke aa Re60, xo'ropoe rcaxcerca TaKMM)I(e orpOMEblM, KaK eCJJl1 6hl 3aJIe3Tb na .n;lOHbl. C rrOCTOJIHHO MeHJIlOII.J;MMCJI He60M BMP: 113 OKRa rrpe,lJ;CTaBJIHeTCH ClO)K€TOM P:JIH BeJIt1KOrO MHO)KeCTBa pa60T,:vr liTO 6h1 aro H11 YBJ.1p:eJI, cornacanca 6bl co MHOH B TOM, 'iTO 06 3TOM MO)KHO cnara'rs CTMXJ1».

.f

BMHceHT .n;eHCTBJ.1reJIbEO rroxcpao nozutanca Bp:oXHOBeHMlO, KOTopoe CHI'1CXqp:MJIO aa Hero 6JIaro,ll;ap;:r a>my ))13 oxo a KBapTMphl. KpOMe aroro nOJIOTHa cynreemyer enie OP;J1H PMCYHOK, O,lJ;MH nafipocox MaCJIOM 11 KapTJ1Ha MaCJIOM - Bce OHM HapJ1COBaHHhle rrpT1"MepHO B O)J;HOM 11 TOM:me paxypce.

23

BVI.A aa napVI>K Vl3 xaaprnpet Teo Ha ynnue .nenLIIK

n apVDI(, eecsa 1887

X OIl CT, MaCIlO, 46 x38 CM

- OAHON Jil.3 OKpa"1H Ilapnaca Byalle lJ.' ApJ.KaHCOH BaH Tor

.xoropaa, KC'l"a'l'J1, K q14.CJlY CaMhIX

B MaHepenyaHTJ1Jll13Ma, K 3TOMY CTlfJIlO BaH Tor

J1CIIhITbIBaJI oco6brn J1RTepeC JIeTOM 1887 rozta. 3Ta TexHMKa, OTJIM'lalOID;aHCH TeM, 'ITO, TaK aaasmaesnae, U,BeTOBble TO'IKJ1, HaHoCHTCH xy,n;01KHJ1KOM ozraa B aenocpencrsenrrox 6JD130CTl1 K ,n;pyrOM, IIp:r.1MeHeHa ,n;OCTaTO"lHO nOCJIe,n;OBaTeJIbHO. 3Ta KapTJ1Ba TmaTeJIbHO aaxorrseaa B MaCTepCKOM J{ npe,n;CTaBJIJleTCH sreaee cnOHTaHHOH, '9:eM Mltor.v.le 60JIee paHHJ1e pa60ThI Baa. Fora. ¢lID'YPbI B napKe - ;)TO ne

CJIY'9:at:1Hble rrpoxoxore, 3TO BJIIo6JIeHBble. Cany, 11306pa2KeHHoMY na ;noil pafiore, BaH Tor rrpJ1,D;aJI CJ1MBOJIJ1'9:eCKl1e 'fepTbI cazra BJIlO6JIeHHhIX. 3TO nOJIOTHO HBJIHeTCH nepBoi1: pafioron, KOTOPYlO BaH For BbICTaBl1JI B IIapJ11Ke. UeHa, KOTOPyro OR Ha3Ha'9:l<IJI 3TOH KapTJ1Re na BbICTaBKe, KpaCHOpe'9:J1BO CBJ1,n;eTeJIbCTByeT a TOM, '9:TO MaCTep npJ1,D;aBaJI 3TOM pafio-re fio.nsnroa 3Ha'9:eHMe.

BnlO6neHHbie napo-nee B napks 8yaC1e A' Ap>KaHCOH

nap~)I(, BeCHa 1887

xonct Macno, 75 x 112.5 eM

napVDK

3TY xaprany anepnsre M02KHO 6hIJIO ySH.D;eTb rra BblCTaBKe rpyIITIhI MOJIO.D;bIX XY,ll;02KHJ1KOB, TaK Ha3bIBaeMbIX «He38SHCMMhIX» (Indpendants), KOTopaH npOXO,ll;H.JIa secHo:i11888 rozra. K TOM)' BpeMeHJ1 BaH I'or YJKe JKJ1JI s ApJIe. Teo nOCJIaJI eMy peu;e:S3HIO Jycraaa Kana 113 «Peate Aanerraanaar» (Revue lndpendante)

aa anpezrs 1888 rona, KaH - rracaransCHMBOJIJ1CT 11 rrpyr Cepa 11 CJ1HbJrKa TaK rrHCaJI 0 IIe:i13a:lKaX C MOHMapTpa: «Y

KJ1CTJ1 rocnozraaa BaH I'ora 60JIblIIaR CMJIa, I13-no.n; nee BbIX0.D;HT ( ... ) 3Ha'll1TeJIbHbIe nei:l:3a:lKJ1». BaH I'or, ,n:e:i1cTBI1TeJIbHO, JIerKJ1M xacaaxesr KJ1CTH C03.n;aeT aa aTOM IIOJIOTHe ny6JIH'IHble cansr na MOHMapTpe. Tonorpadiaxecxaa TO'IHOCTE. aTO MeCTe't.J:Ka aa MOHMapTpe BpHP; JIM 6e3YKOpI!l3HeHHa, HO He aTO B nepsyro oxepem, otipamaer aa ce6H BIDfMarrne BaH Tora. OB XOTeJI, npezene acero, CYMeTh nepena-n, aTMoccpepy aTO 'IaCTM

25

ny6n1l14Hbie caAbl Ha MOHMapTpe

nap\I\)I(, BeCHa 1887 XOJlCT, MaCJlO, 81 x 100 CM

Hapazsa . .uOBOJIbHO rrpMMe't.J:aTeJIblIhl paaxepsr KapTMHbI. BaH Tor 3HaJI, 'iTO xaprnasr raxoro MaCIlITa5a rrponaaamrcs C Tpy,D;OM, HO, TeMHe MeHee, B HeM JK1ilJIa )'BepeHHOCTb, 'lTO «rryfirnrxa YSK,D;J1T, 'ITO aTO nOJIOTHO npOTIKTaHO cserosr I1 pa;n;OCTbIO. TOf,l:l3 OHO CTaHeT YKpaIlIeHJ1eM 'fbeH-Im6y;D;b CTOJIOBOH MJIM 3arOpO,[IHorO IJ;OMa» (575/462).

naplI:«

nOpTpeTJoICTOM CCPOpMJifpOBaJIOCb B AHTBepueae. B IIapJtDKe, BO BpeM,H eaoero ,llByxneTHero npe6hIBaHJ1H, OR 6epeTcH sa aBTOIIOpTpenJ. Bcero OH HX HalIHCaJI TpM)J;~aTh II.lITh,

BoJll,trrylO sacrs 3TJoIX pa60T MOxtHO OTHeCTI>.! K xareropme ;)TID)J;OB. Cosepmeaao cnpasezrzraao 3'1'0 J1 no OTHorueIDIIO K aTOM}' rropepery, BLIDo.rrneHlIOM)' B 6.blCTPOM MaHepe, qaCT.& IIOJlOTBa ,[Ia2K€ He aaxpauieua. Kaprnaa nO'ITJ1 u;eJIJ1KOM B'bIDOJIHeHa B JKeJlTblX TORax. J111Wh HeKOTOp'bIe JlHHI1J1 qeTKO n3Me"IeHbI - "IepHOe OKOJIa rroca, xpacaoe B 06JIaCTI1 BopOTIDIKa 6JIY3bI.

BaH Iur HeO;rlHOKpaTHo H306pam:aJI ce6Ji s COJIOMeHHOM mJIHI1e Ji1 6JIY3e XYAOlKIDlKa. Cym;eCTBYIOT TaK)Ke noprpersr, I',v;e OH HapYICOBaJJ ce6.II B flhIXO/.IHOM K 0 CTID M e Ji1 IIIJIRlI e ; nOAOOHYlO KOM6J1Har(Y1IO MOJKHO BcrpernTh aa KapTJ1He «ABT0I10pTpeT B lPe'!'pOBOH II1JImr€».

26

Asronoprper B COnOMeHHO~ uinane Lt1 B 6nY3e XYAO>KHLt1Ka

napH~,neTo1887 napH~

Kaproa, MaCllO, 40,5 x 32,5 CM

JIeToM 1887 rona BaH for peryJIHpHO OTrrpaB.JIHJICH aa npMpo,n:y, B ,n:epeBHIO, 'ITo6:E.I rrozraasnre OT uryxra M ropona RaCJIa,[lJ1ThCH oKpYJKaJOlL{J1M MMpOM 11 sanesaraers <'ITO na eBOHX nOJIOTRax. CI01KeThI, B03HMKaBIIIMe aa npMpo,n:e, BeChMa IIO,n:xO,n:M.IDf ,n:JUI Taro, 'ITo6hI patiora-rs Ha,n: HMMM IIpM IIOMOlL{11

HpKHX KpaCOK.

«KaK 1Ke KpaCMB :m:eJIThIM IJ;BeT» (664/522), aszrsrxaer BaH I'or II03,n:Hee B O,z:tHOM MX CBOM}( nxcesr, a B zipyrora OH rOBopMT, «6e3 1KeJITOrO M opalDKeBoro - HMKaKOrO CMHero» (625/B6). Ha <'ITOM ITOJIOTHe xY.D;01KHMK IIPOTMBOilOCTaB.JIHeT rrpoapa=rayto

27

none 3epHOBbiX C >KaBOpOHKOM

nap~)!(, ~IOHb-~lOnb 1887 Xoncr, MaCJlO. 54 x 65,5 CM

rOJly6J13HY aetia M )KeJIThrn IJ;BeT CKOIlIeHHhIX IIOJIeM. Iupaaorrransaan IIOJIOCa :m:eJITO-3eJIeHOM KOJIOC~ej.jcH MaCChI erne He cospeanrero aepaa JIe2KJ1T nocpe,n:MHe. E,IlJ:{HCTseHHbIe aKIJ;eHThI sa rr0J10THe - <'ITO B3JIeTaIOIl.J;MM 1KaBOpOHOK J:{ HeCKOJIbKO xpacrrsrx MaKOS cpezm KOJIOCbes.

28

Llseryuree CnVlBOBOe nepeao (no Xnpourare)

Flapjo«, nero 1887 XO.nCT, MaCJlO, 55 x 46 eM

Eine B raJlJIaH~CKID{ rrepaozt caoero raop-reczaa BaR I'or CTaJI l1HTepeCOBaTl>CJI KIUfraMJ1, B paccxaasraarrocs 06 l1CKyccTse HllOHCKO:i1 rpansopsr. AKTl1BHbTH MHTepeC K rparprrxe B03HMK y Hero 3HMo:i11885 - 1886 rOAOB, TIOKa BaH Tor HaXO~HJICJI B Aaraeprrene. TaM OB. M npJ106peJI C.BOM rrepasre anoacsxe rpamopsr, OH 6E.1JI oxapoaaa 3K30TJ1'IeCKHM xapaxreposr npe~CTaBJIeHHOrO aa rpasropax 11 l1CnOJll>30BaJI HX ~JI.ff YKpameH11Jl caoero are.mse. Cephe3Hbm J1HTepeCK rpansopa a B03HMK y BaH Tora B IIapIDKe, xorzra y HJ1X C Teo cofiparracs 3Ha'tfMTeJIbHaH KOJIJIeKI\ltH HIlOHCKl1X rpaarop (cemac HaxoAHlIl,a5ICH B My3ee Baa rora). C'qMTaeTCH, 'ITO «Llaerytnee CIDfBOBoe zrepeno» 3TO ozraa 113 KapTJ1H, aaaeaaasrx cepJ1e:i1 AepeBHHHMX 11306palKeHMM 5I1l0HCKOro XYAOJiUlliKa YnraBhI Xnponnrre (1797-1858).Y BaR Tora B KOJIJIeKIJ)1J1 6hl.JlO zrsenazma-n, pa60T Xnpotnare. ,nJIlI <lTOI'O nOJIOTRa BHHceHT BOCITOJIb30BaJIC.ff TeMoH rpasiopsr «Llnerynree CJIMBOBOe zrepeao B ca~'y 'iallHOrO ,ll;OMHKa B KaMeHAO»,

n

29

Mocr B AO>KAnIf1BYJO norony (noXapounsra)

napl1>K, IlaTO 1887

XOIlCT, MaCIlO, 73 x 54 CM

B IIapIDKe BaH Tor CTapaTeJIhBO J13y"taJI pa60ThI l1MIIpeCCJ10ID1CTOB 11 OC03RaJI TO, 't{TO HCKYCCTBO HllOHCKO.i1: rpamopsr OKa3aJIO fiozrsrnoe BJIJ1.HBJ1e aa rrpeofipaaonaaxa, npoxaomeznrrae B H306pa3J1TeJIhHOM J1CKyccTBe. Baa rOT oc06eHHO BOCXJ1~aJIc.lI 'leTKOCTbIC JIl1.HJti.i. «HnoHen; pncyer 6J:.lCTPO, oxem, 6'bICTpO, CTpeMHTeJIbBO KaK MOJIHJ1.lI, 3'1'0 npOJ1CXO,l{I1T IIOTOMY, "'iTO ero aepasr 50JIee BOCIIpJ1J1M'.fKBbI, a ero "!yBcTBa MeBee 3aIIYTalThI» (623/500).

BaH Tory XOTeJIOCb ,!(06HTl>C.lI TaKo.i1: 2Ke CKOPOCTI1, J1 aa CBOIQ OTHOCHTeJIhllO KOpOTKy:ro xapsepy B l1CKYCCTBe OR ,!(e.i1:cTBJ1TeJIbHO coazraer 60JU,woe KOJIl1-qeCTBO KapTJ1H.

JIeToM 11 OCeRbIC 1887 rona OR pafio-raer C paCTpOM, "<IT05l>1 C)'MeTl> c;n:eJIaTl> KOJHllO co 3BaMeHJ1TbIX ,n:epeBHHH:bIX rpamop Xrrpomar-e. DB KOIJJ1pyeT, RO, TeM He MeRee, He 5YKBaJIhHo.qT06blYCJ1JIJ1Tb

arre=ra TJfeRJ1:e OTn;BeTOBbIX acpcpeKTOB, OR npenpamaer caox I03eTa B 50JIee aacsrnreaasre 11 HeCKOJIbKO H3MeHHeT OTTeHKJ1, JIlCnOJIh3yeMbIe aa rpasrope, Ra 60JIee CO"lRbJe JIl KOHTpacTJIlpyroID;He.

KpOMe Taro, OR ,ll;05aBJI.HeT nexoparsraayro Ka.i1:MY. B STOM CJIY"'iae OH BbI6paJl B xa=rec'rae YKpalIl.eHJ4H KaJlJIJU'pacpJll'IeCKJ1e CKMBOJIbI, xo'ropsre OR rrp0J13BOJIl>FtO nepeaaa C zrpyrnx smOHCKJ1X rpaaiop.

napl1>K

80 acex», ID1Ca.rr BaH for B ro,lly. «!1x pa60TDI HaC'fOJIbKO :lKe H3CKOJIbKO npOCTO H

_"''7'0''',",,'' W;IIlnfT xenoaea, qnuypy

I Kax 6YllTO :;lTD 61>IJlO 6E.I TaK

TIlI8reJIbBO H3yqaJI JUIQHCKJ1e ,j(JJH 3TOM pafio'rsr 11M aa OCBOBY rpasropa jmol!!CKOrO ~o2Kmrn::a Kecaaa (1790-1848); B 1886 rony

TeMaTJ1'leCKOra ROMepa

'4 H.n ... 'L<l «ila pJl1 J1JIJIlOCTpe» (Paris

C rrOMOIT(hlO pacrpa BaH I'or ""nrrtfTl""::l.lT 11 B nocnezrcraxe

sasecrse 06paMJIeHJ!1.H K IIOJIOTHY .I\vpTM3aHxa» BaH Tor npJ1,n;yMaJI nmpOKjllO opHaMeHTHY~ rrOJIOCy-

paMxy C npy~oM, BO.D;alJl,:tMYI JIJ1JII1.HMJ1 llcre6J1Sl:MJif 6aM5yxa, 2KypaBJIb J1 JIH.rJlIlK3 CJJY2KaT caoero po;n;a DO,llCKa3K3M,11, YKa3bIBalOIIJ;J1MI1 aa poa ee38HHTI1i1: - 'grue' (2KYpaBJIh) J1 'grenouille' (mrrymKa)

ymwpe6JIHJIHCh BO <ppaHIJ;Y3CKOM

~3blKe KaK caoero pona CHHOHJ1M1>I, Ofi03HaQalOIT(J1e TO :IKe, 'ITO M YJIJ1'IHa.H

KYPT'Vl3aHKa (no 31ii3eHY)

napVDK, ne ro 1887

XOJlCT, MaCJlO, 105,5 x 60,5 CM

napl'I>K

31

Aaronoprper 8 cpeTpoBoii1 uinane

nap~*,3~Ma1887-1888

XOflCT, Macno, 44 x 37,.5 CM

T.IT06:bI xOpOrneH:bKO OCBOI1TbCll B xcxycerse narrrrcaaaa noprperos, BaH for pncyer .ll;py3.eti, 3RaKOMblX 11 cefia casroro • .II:Jl.li noc.nenaero XY,l1QJKIDIX HeJ13MeHHO HCnOJIb3yeT 3epKaJIO. 113BecTeH cpaKT, ""fTO BaH for cnenaamsao ;rIa:m:e npsrofipen HOBoe 3epKaJIO no npHe3.n;y B Ap.r.u.. BOJIbWa~ -qaCTh OT otinrero <JJi!C.l!3 Tpl1,l1uaTI1 II.liTI1 nopTpeToB, a TO""fBee - .n;Ba.n;II8Tb ,ll;.eBRTh, B03EIHKJIa-TaKJ1 B Ilapasce. Ha 3XOM paeore BaH for J1306pa311JI cefia B KOCTIOl\o1:e H cepo-6eJIot{ q,eTpoBoM lIIJI.f.lUe - 3,ll;al{J1M rpa:m:;n;aHcKJ1i:i: na pJ1aHT «Aaronoprpera B COJJOMeHHOH nnrane 11 B 6JIY3e XY,ll;O}K1ll:IICa». B 3TOM pa60Te BaH for 3KcnepMMeHTJ1pOBaJt C .n;OIIOJIBJ1Te.r.u.HhIMJ1 UBeToBbIMM OTTe"lIK"aMM M HCIIOJJb·30Ba"lIJ1eM aeoroenpec C}10HMCTCKOR TeXHJ1KJ1. Heo6hPiHblM aa KapTJ1He llBJIJle'rCJ1 CBeTJIblM opeo.n, cnoero porta RnM6, BOKpyr rOJIOBhI xy.n;O:m:HlifKa. ITO,ll;06HbIH :3cpcpeKT B03HJ1KaeT Reno npH'iHHe :m:eJIaHHR BaH fora I1pH,naTII caoesry ofipasy aa IIopTpeTe 3JI€M8HTb! CBllTOCTM, a no IIpH'iJ1He 'toro, T.lTO Xy;n:OJKHMK rrpJ1MeHJilJI 3,ll;8CbTexmrKY IIJ1ChMa HeOUMTIpeCCMOHMCTOB. 3cpcpeKT, IIOJlY'ieHHhrn OT rronofiaoro CO"IeTaHHH xY,ll;02KeCTBeHHhlx 3JIeMeBTOB, BaH fat nOC'iJilTaJI BaCTOJIhKO y.n:a'fHhIM, "ITO B nOCJle,ll;CTBHJ1 MaC'l'ep npJ1MeHMJI ero H Ita ,ll;pyr:vrx noprperax.

nap~:«

,!tJIH 3TIO,lIOB B rrsere BaH for

n01lI>30BaJICH oco6:DIM lIolWY"IH:DIM cpe,IlCTBOM, a MMeHHO - xopooxox c Jr.1yOO'lK8Mlf mepCTM. Co.n;ep2K1'1Ml>IM mij Kopo6o'flOl - onaa xs KOTOP:DIX AO Cltx rrop XPaIDITCH B MY3ee BaH foraIIBJIHIOTCfI KJly6KJil pasuotrsemon wepcTll, lfiIor.rca coaepnreaao npOTHBonOJI02KHbIX IJ;BeTOB, a HHOr,lJ;a meHKOB O,llHOrO J1 Toro lKe rraera. XYi101KHJ1K 3aIIJIeTaJI HHTJ1, 'ITo6:Dl Jly<m1e JBl1AeTh I:IBeTOBoa 3cpcpeKT,

KOTOPhlM B03ID1KaeT rrpn 3TOM. Hexoropsre J13 3TJ1X KJIy6o'-£KOB, no BceH BepoHTHOCTJ1, 6hIJIJ1 J1CIIOJI:D30BaHbl XY,lJ;02KHJ1KOM ,lJ;JIH KaKOH-TO orrpenezreaaoa KapTJ1H:D1. B OAHo:i1 ]:13 HJ1X cofipaaa nrepc'rs KMeHHO TaKJ1X :m:e OTTeHKOB 2KeJITOrO IiI OXPhI KaK Ha «Harropreopre C aHBoa J1 JIJ1MOHaMJ1». 3TY KapTJ1HY M02KHO TalOKe paCCMaTplWaTh KaK 3TID,lJ; ,lJ;JIJI Iil3y'-£eW1H pa3JIJ1"IHhIX 1KeJIT:Drx D;BeTOB a J1X OTTeHKOB, TaK aaasraaesioro

nap\l1}1(, 3101Ma 1887-88

HaTKJpMOpT c a~Boilllll nlllMOHaMIII

X OJl CT, MaCJlO, 48,5 x 65 CM

O,lJ;HOBpeMeHHOrO,CJ1HXpOHHOro KOHTpacTa. KOMTI03MIJ;IilJI B OCHOBl: rrocrpoeaa M3 CX01KJllX ~eTOB: ox] 2KeJITOrO Jit KOpJ1"'iHeBOrO; JIJ1IITh KC rne BJ1;zzy.t:M HeMHOrO posoaoro, KpacHoro, 3eJIeHOrO J1 cmrero. )laJl pasraa KapTJ1HbI noxpameaa 2KeJI~ J1 oxpon. 3TO e,lJ;J1HCTBeHHaH paMK: rroxpanreanaa caMMM BaH TorOM, KOTopaH erne COXpaHJ1JIacb.

r

rle~tell~[HRbrMJ:l6amMaKaMH B iT»'ll1lll:p!CIHHOM CTJ1Jle H J!1CrrOJlh~ya OtteR]; TeMHOM UaJIJ1TphL JleT crrYCTH, B ITapJDKe, 11M BhlfipaH otfem,CXO:>KHM CID:l'KeT. ITo mil pa60Te MOlK'HO CY}zy1Tb, HaCKOJThKO OR Y1Ke pa3BJ!1JICR 11:

CcpopMJ1pOBaJICR KaK xy;n;OJKHJ1K K TOMY MOMeHTY. TeMHON naJll1TphI yxce HeT, BMeCTO aee llJU,1 naxO;n;HM CBeTJlhle JIl CJIl.JlbHhIe TORa. Tpa;n;JIl1..J;JIlOHHaH MaHepa Ill1ChMa ycrynae-r B na'TIDpMopTe MeCTO 6ecnoKoMHoi:1 ;n;t1HaMI1Ke, KOTopaJI OTJIH'IaeTCJI Tl1ml'iHbIM )J;JlH BaH fora Ma3KOM. Ill-rpaxonaa MaHepa, l1CllOJlh3yeMaH

Hanopuopr C KanYCTo(;1 V1, nYKOM

napl1)K_, 311Ma 1887-88 Xonct, Macno, 50 x 64,.5 CM

xy;n;O}KHJ1KOM, CJly)KJ1T,. Bt1,l"iMMO, ,D;Jl:II roro ':[1'05hI ,l"i06J.1Tl,CH CXO:l'KeCTl1 C rpamopoa. Ho BllOJIHe B03MO}KHO l1 1'( ,:[TO l1CIlOJlh3YlO ;3TY TeXHl1KY, BaH for IIbITaeTCJI ;n;a1'b HOBhlM l1MUYJIbC HaTlOpMopTy RaK }KaHpy.

napl1'

34

ASTonopTpeT

napI-I>K, BeCHa 1887 KapTOH, Macno, 41 x 33 CM

.II;JlJI ynpa:arn:eHYlM B l1CKyccTBe HaIIJ1C3H11.fI IIopTpeTOB BaH Tor B 60JIhIIIMHCTBe c.nyxaea vrCilOJIh30BaJl zteruensre MaTepJ1aJIbl. qeThlpe rroprpera 6hlJU11IaDJ1CaHhI MM ncsepx ,1J;pyr11:X KOMII03t1D;I1ili; ceMh C o6pa CTOPOHhl 3T!O):\OB, Han11caHHbIX B Hsoaaena.erne ceMb - na KapToHeMaTepJ1aJIe, xoropsra 6bIJI 3HaQJ1TeJIbHO ztemeane JIhHa. 06 3T~lX axcneprorearax OH IIMcaJl Teo cJIe.n;y,roru;ee: «ECJIJ1 Mae ynacrca HanJ1C3Tb TO'IHO nee nsera Moero co6CTBelIHOTO JIMD;a, 'ITO casro no ce6e rrOJIYQaeTC.fI He COBceM 6e3 rrp06JIeM, TO TOr,1J;a Y2Ke Jl csrory 6paTbCJl sa rOJIOBbI ,1J;pyrJ1X MY2K'II1H 11 2KeHIl.\HH» (685/537).

Ha 3TOM, aa xaproae HaIH1CaHHOM ncprpera, xY,1J;02KHJ1K YBeKOBe'IJ1JI ce6.II B BblXO,n;HOM KOCT!OMe. Kapnraa narmcana pa3po3HeHlIhIMH Ma3KaMI1, npx pafiore c n;BeTOM M IIpH McnOJIb30BaHJ1M xpacox BaH for oIIMpaJIc.fI rra TeOpJ1!O rrya:a:TI1JIJ13Mil., JIMllo aarracaao B HeCKOJIbKO 60JIee Tpa}J;MD;J10HHOM MaHepe I1 60JIee ,1J;eTaJIl>HO, 'IeM o,n;e2K,!J;a.

C castoro ,n;eTCTBa KHJ1I'J1 OKa3hmaJIJ1 3Ha"tJ1TeJ1l>Hoe BJIJ1jfiJJ1e aa MhICJIJ1 J1 nocryrrxa BaH I'ora. B ero llJ1ChMaX peryrrapao Haxo,n;J1M CChlJlKM na cOBpeMeHHYIO .lH1TepaTypy. Ha aTOM KapTPlIIe J1306pa2KeHbI ilOqTlif nse ,n;102Kl1HhI KHMI', 50.nbillMHCTBO J13 KOTOPhIX B 1'KeJIThIX rreperrnerax; nexoropsre li13 HMX OTKpbITbI, APyrMeJIe2KaT CTOllKaM:H:. ITo lKeJIThIM neperrnerasc BJ1,D;HO, 'ITO aTO

cospeweaasre rrapJ12KCKJ1e pOMaHhI TOI'O BpeMeHM, aorop sre T01',n;a J13,n;aBaJIJ1Cb B rreperr.nerax li1MeHHO raxoro D;BeTa.

Ocofioe MeCTo, oraezreaaoe BaH rOrOM aa "KapTMHe HaTypaJIJ1CTYl"'IeCKJ1M pOMaHaM, MO}KHO paccraarpaaarr, KaK 3HaK YBa1'KeHJ1Ji, MCllbIThIBaeMOI'O aM K 3TOi'1: JIMTepaType. 113 nJ1CeM cecrpe Bxrr BM}],HO, "'ITO BaH Tor J1CIIhIThlBaeT OT "'ITeRJ1Ji aTMX pOMaHOB TaKoe 1Ke

y}],OBJIeTBOpeHMe, KaK paasnre J1CIIbITbIBaJI OT "tTeHJ1JI BJ16JIIDf. :3 pafio-ra JiBJIJieTCJI 3TlO}]'OM K 60JIel KPYIIHOi'1: xap'rmre, KOTOpaJi 6bIJI BbICTaBJleHa B 1888 rozry. B OTJm'I zrpyrax KIU12KHhIX H3TlOPMOPTOB XY}],01KHJ1Ka B «3TlO}J;e K <,IIapJ.OK( pOMaHaM~> (Romans Paristens)» oCYl..UeCTBJleHO rrOIIbITKM iWTb 3pJ1TeJllO B03M02KHOCTb pasotipaa Ha3BaHJ1JI KHJ1I' rra KapTJfi!e.

35

3TKlA K « napft1)f(CKII1M pOMaHaM» (Romans Parisiens)

napl1)K, 3L4Ma 1887-88 Xoncr, MaCJlO, 53 x 73,2 CM

ROIl'TIlf!''l'OR. ITo MBeHMKl Teo, MHoro "l\n~""'MB ere 6paTY ;o;ei1IcTBMTe.JlJ:>HO .aa 60JlblllI1llCTBO KOTOPhIX

''''~'U''''7fK}lCTM 0 IlOJIOTHO J![ "lIPIITJlym:eHRblIX TOHOB. !POR KapT11HhI

fJlyxmnf TOHaMM, B TO BpeMJi KaK

'lb, K'l'O J1MeHHO J![306paJKeH na aoprpere, HeJIb3Ji YCTaHOBMTb C

DOJIHoli YBepeHHOCTbIO. B03MO)KHO, 3TO .llIOCbeH Ma pTeH - BJIa;o;eJIeIJ; pecropasa aa 6yJIbBape KJIMlllM. B 310M pecrcpaae BaH Tor opraIDf30Bltma:rr BblCTaBKM CBOMX xapTKB JI xapraa CBOMX ;o;pY3ei1I. B Ilapnxe paBoTbI BaH Tor-a OT cnyxaa K c.rry'lalO M02KHO 6hIJIO YBJ1}1;eTb B pa3JJJ11IFThIX pecropaaax, Ka<l>e 11 xy.JIoiKeCTBeHHhIX caaoaax. ITOqTM !lIt'{ero 143 acero 3Toro He

Dp0,llaBaJIOCb.

36

Floprper snanensua pecropaua

nap~)K

nap~)K, 311Ma 1887-88 XOllCT, Macno, 65,5 x 54,5 CM

37

ASTonopTpeT

napv\)K, CPSBPaJ1b 1888 Xoncr, Macno, 65,5 x 50,5 eM

Ha MHOrO'iJ1CJIeHHhIX aarorroprperax, HarrJ1CaHHblX BaH rOrOM, BHUMaHwe XY,I(O}KHJi1Ka B nepnyro O'tepe.n;b yzteneao nsrpaxceamo JIJ1~a J1 TOMY, KaK aarrxcaaa rOJIOBa. Ha <lTOM aBTonopTpeTe ~ O,I(HJ1M 113 H€MHorJl1Xxy,n:CJKHMK J1306pa311JI 60JIhWe 'teM npOCTO ,r.o:.r~o. OR J1306pa3MJI ce6.a CTO.aITI;KM aa MOJIh6epTOM C naJIWrpOH J1lU1CTHMI1 B PYKax. Maaepa TIJ1CbMa, B KOTOPOi:i: BhITIOJIHeHa <ITa xapnma - OTP"bIBJ1CThIe rrpJ1KOCHOBeHJ1H KJ1CTHztaer B03MO:m:HOCTb On;eHMTb, :aaCKOJIbKO MacTepcKM BaH I'or Y2Ke BJla,I(eJI TeXIIMKoM HeOMMTIpeCCJ10HJ13Ma.

B pafiore 'teTKO OTpa:lKeHO aacrpoease xy.n:0:lKHI1Ka B nocJIe,I(HJ1e MecRn;oI rrpefisraaaxa B Tlapnsce. Cecrpe BI1Jl OR TaK OIII1ChlBaJI ary pa60TY: «P030BaTo-cepOBaToe .rrn:n;o c 3eJIeH"bIMJ1 rJIa3aMJ1, rrenansaoro BOJIOChl, MOPI.I.J;:vtHbI na Jl6y K Y pra, aassepnraa, HeCKJIa,I(HaH I1 oxeas pbI:lKaH fiopczra, .lIOBOJI"bHO B3'"bepOmeHHaH Ji1 ne'l:aJlbHaH ... )} (633/W4). B ¢eBpaJIe 1888 OH IIapJ1:m: nOJIHbIH YBepeHROCTJ1 B TO, 'iTO eMY Y}J;aCTCH HaMTM B,I(OXHOeeHlle na tore <'PpaHn;I1:vt.

Apnb

<jleBpaJI€ 1888 rona BaH for yeaacaer ior q:.paHIlm1. TaM OH aazteanca 'lTG-TO, '1eM OH He nepeCT3BaJI cn Jl1 'iTO .f[BJIaeTCH CTO.JU,

. ITapy pa3 OR pJ1COBaJI

6h1 HH 6uIlO XOJIO,1l;HO aa YJU1ue, /!OMa y BmrceHTa npHcYTcTBOBaJI YEe CHMllOJI Ha}J;elK):(l,l aa TO, "'ITO BeCHa He 3a.ropaMK. Ilpasrepao 3 MapTa OR 3aMeq3.€T: «Ha YJI1)fQe ace eIIJ;e MOP03

H Bee euie .rre1KHT ener, .H pafiorero CeMQac Ha):! 3TIO}J;OM rrei1t:3a)Ka C 3aCHelKeHHbIM ropozrore aa )J;aJ1hHeM nnaae. M erne pa50IO Ha)J; )J;)3YM.f.I He6oJIbIIDIM.l"1"1'JTlO)J;aMJ1 MJ1H,ZJ;aJ1bHoi1 BeTO'IKH, xoropaa HeCMOTp.f.I ElM aa 'iTO Bce-T3lCl1 pire B Q:BeTY)) (5 84/466) .

~.

38

UBeTy~aA MlI1H.QaJ1bHaA BeT04Ka B CTaKaHe

APJlb, MapT 1888

Xoncr, MaCJlO, 24 x 19 CM

Apnb

Crrycra MeCHI.\ no rrpaesne na EOr BaH Tor pncyer pa3BOp;HOH MOCT Ha,D; KaHaJIOMB ApJIe. OTOT MOCT, o1>Yf~YfaJIbHO HMeHyeMbrn. «MOCT PeJKJiIHeJIh», BceM 6bIJI Yf3BeCTes KaK MOCT JIaHrJIya, IIp03BaHHbIM TaK Kor,D;3-TO no l1:MeHYf cMOTpMTeJIH.

BaH Tor IIl'1caJI, KaK, BnpO'IeM, OH ,!J;eJIaJI,!J;OBOJIbHO 'laCTO, HeCKo.nl'>KO BepCJ1M KapTJ1Hl'>J C O,ll.HMM IiI TeM:are MOTJ1BOM. Pafio'ra, Bl'>lCTaBJIeHHaH ce:i1-qac B My3ee BaH I'ora, HBJIHeTCH

39

MOCT Jlaurnya

APIlb, MapT 1888

XOIlCT, MacIlo, 59,5 x 74 eM

TpeTbe:i1: lit3 3T0:i1 cepmr, J1, n02KaJIYH, caMo:ti: rrpocrox no MaHepe ncno.naeaaa. OTOH pa60TOH BaH for XOTeJI nepenars ,D;Yx IIpHpO,D;hI Ilpoaanca, KOTopaH, KaK Ka3aJIOCb

eMY, 6M.na BeCbMa CpO,D;HH rOJIJIaH,I:lCKOH; BOT KaK OH TIJ1caJI 06 3TOM caM: «aTo BeCbMa 3a6aBHO ( ... ) XOTH, H He CKa3aJI 6bI, 'ITO aTO ,D;eHCTBMTeJIbHO TaK Ka}!{,D;bI:ti: p;eHb» (594/473). lIo CpaBHeHMEO C rpanoa 1'1 TpOnM"HKOM aa rrepaosr nnaae, xoropsre

HaUJ1CaHbI BeChMa 6:b1CTPO lit cxeMaTWIHo, MOCT nepenaa BO acex neranax. BaH I'ory XOPOlIIO Y.D.aJIOCb nepezrars sa KapTJiIHe TOT CPaKT, 'iTO xacrx MOCTa C,I(eJIaHbI lit3 paamrsmt MaTeplitaJIOB: xpymrsre nepeaaaaaie 6a.nKJ1, KaMeBHaH aCBOBa M ,ll;am:e KaHaTbI, c rrOMOII.\bEO KOTOPbIX IlO,D;Hl1M.3eTCH nO,t:IBlflKHaH =racrs, J1 'Ii 'ITO KaHaTbI xorna-ro 6J:.IJIH BbIKpalIIeHbI B KpaCHbIM I.\BeT.

Ipyureaoe nepesue s I4seTY

40

Apnb, anpens 1888 Xoncr, Macno, 73 x 46 CM

IIapIDK, 6y,u;yqJ1 6o.m.mm[ H cyeTJIHBbIM ropozroer, oxem, YTOMJ1JI Baa I'ora <pH3J1"feCKH H MOpa.lThHO. B rrHCbMe K cecrpe BJ1JI OR 06'hJ{CRJIeT en rrpJ1'U1Hy csoero or-seazra B Apns: «,H CJIHIIIKOM y2K CHJIbHO CTaJI 3aMe"l:aTb, 'tTO 3J1MOn y MeRJI He J1a,u;MTCH Hl'1 C pa60TOH, Hl1 co 3,u;opOB:beM» (582/W2). C IIpKXO,ll;Ol'iI BeCHb"! pafio-ra B ApJIe CTaJIa crroparsca. Tlpnpozra iora CJIYJKMJIa J![CTO'tRHKOM B,ll;OXHOBeHJ1H ,u;J1JI 60JIbllIOrO KOJIH'ieCTBa neH3aJKen. C 24 MapTa no 21 anpeaa 1888 rona BaH I'or HanI1CaJI B ApJIe qeT:bIpHa.D;IJ;aTb II0J10TeH C n;BeTy~MJiI nJ10,u;OBbIM11,ll;epeBbHMM. OR Ha,u;eHJ1CH, "ITO CI02KeTbI nOJIOTeR - «MOTJ1B:br, xo'rop sre acesr no ,n;yllle» - 6Y}J;YT nOJIb30eaTbcH crrpocora y nOKynaTeJ1et'i (595/475).

YJKe e nponecce RallJiICaHMH Y XY}J;OJKHJ1.Ka B03IDl:KJIa Yl,u;eH rpyrmapona-rs nOJIOTHa B ,u;eKopaTJ1BIffire aHCaM6J1H. B KOJIJIeXIJ;.f1J1 MY3eH BaH I'ora RaxO,ll;JITCH TpM KapTJ1HbI D;:seTyrn;MX nJIO,!l;OBbIX ,!l;epeBbeB, KOTopbIe no 3aM:blcJJY XYAOJKHl'fKa 6bIJIH o6'be,u;.t1HeHhI B onay KOMTI03YlD;MIO.

3Ta KapTMHa rrOJIHOCThIO pacnycraaureroca rpymenoro nepeaa c ezraa 3aMe'rHoH JKeJITOn 6a60"l:K0I1 B cepezraae KapTJ1H:bI 6bIJIa xorna-co nearpazn.asrsr nOJlOTROM KOMll03KD;HJ1 113 rpex KapTJ1H c CPPYKTOB:bIMl1 ,n;epeBh5IMI1.

Apnb

41

P030Boe nepCLt1KOBOe nepeao

ApIlb,anpeIlb1888

XonCT, Macno,. 80,5 x 59 CM

{{H pa60TaJD, KaK o.n;epJKHMhrih,. nxcaa BJ1HCeHT B arrpe.rre 1888. «Bee ;1l;€peB:bJI CTO.ltT B U13eTY, l1: .It XOT€Jl aam:!caT:b U13€Ty:w;:vrM can Ilponaaca, J13.lIy"IaEOrn;HH Heo 6blKHoBeHRYlO pa.n;OCT:E.» (594/473). OR HaCTOl'lTe,JI}'HO npOCJ1Jl'T€O npnczrarr, eMy HOBOH KpaCEM: «HaKoaeU-TO, nOtUJIM MH€ aeMe.n;JIeHHO <)TOM xpacax, Ge30H UBeTeHJ1.fI B caztaxztmrrsca .JIJ1IITh TaK He,ll;OJITO» (595/475).

Baa POt rrpo.n;OJl:iKaJl pa60TaTh 6e3 YCTa.lIM, HeCMOTp.fI aa TO, ':lTO, no ero xce c06CTBeHHhIM CJlOBaM, 7J:Y.lI TaKOM CJ1.JIhHbIH BeTep, 'ITO Ka:iK,ll;:E.Ie TP:vr M3 'IeTMpeX AHeM pa60TaTb 6MJIO rrpaKTH':leCKH aeB03MO:iKHO. EMY npnnnrocr, npHB.fI3aTh MOJIh6epT K KOJIbIIliKaM, KOTophle OR npenaapnrensao axonan B 3€.MJIfO, 11 TOJIbKO TaK M MO)KHO 6bIJ!O npO,ll;OJUKaTb pafiorarr, aa yJIMUe. B Te'I€HJ1e O,ll;HOM M3 T3KMX ceCCM B KOHl:J;€ MapTa 1888 rona OR aarracan u;seTyrll;HH can, KOTOP"bIM OH casr OCTaJ!C.f[ O"l!eHh ,n;OBOJleH. OR nOCJI3,JJ ary pa60TY nnose neaaaao cxorraaanreroca xy.n;mKHJ1Ka MaYBe KaK CJfMBOJI npJf3HaHHH TBOp'I€CTB3 ee cynpyra. Bexope nOCJIe aroro OR HapHCOBaJI BTOpylO, HeCKOJIhKO 60JIhIlIYro BepCJflO TOtO :iKe II OJlOTHa , 31'01' XOJICT ceM"IaC aaxortnrca B Mysee BaH Fora.

ITpopa601'aa C OrpOMHbIM pBeHJ1eM BecHo~ 1888 .rona Hap,

YHOrO'IKCJJeHHDlMJ4 IIOJIOTHaMlIf 1IBE'fym;JIX canoa, .neTOM 1888 ro a

BaH Ior IIO'lTM IIOJIHOCTbIO nepenen eaoe BWlMaIDfe aepaoasre nOJIH 11 y60pKY sepaa. B I1JOHe 1888 rozra aa He~mOrKM 60JIee 'IeM He,ll;emo Baa ror HaUWCaJ! ~ecsrTb KapTYfH 11 HapliICOBaJI IDI"fb PJI!CyHI<OB na BblIIIeynoMJIHYTble

none3epHOBbiX

APIlb, ~IOHb 1888

xoncr Ha xaproae. Macno, 54 x 65 CM

CIOJKeTbI. OH nO'lTJ1 e1Ke,llHeBHO ure.n B IIOJIH, '{'['OBb! patio-ca-rs. Pa60TaTb eMY IIpJ1XO,1I)<1JIOCb non naJIJII.ql1M COJlHn;eM, noxa CI1JlbHefu.r:rasr rpoaa, rrpomeznnaa 20 HIOHH, He02KI1,ll;aHRO He nOJIO:H{I1JIa KOHen: nepJ10,ll;y y60PKI1 ypozcaa. BOJIHYIOJ.I.{I1eCH aa serpy KOJIOCMI ,lIaJIJ1 eMY XOPOilll1M noaort 3KCnepJ1MeHTl1pOBaTb B rmere .H Ma3Ke. Ha KapTl1.HaX OH

npOTHBOTIOCTaBJI.ffJI 30JIOTl1CTO- 2KeJITb[M U;BeT CneJIbIX KOJIOCbeB U;BeTHOMY BHxplO :lil:eJITbIX 3eJIeHhD KpaCH:bIX, KOpl1qHeBbIX J1qepR.bIX TOHOB aa BTOpOM TIJIaHe. JIl1.Hl1H rcpwaoara JIe)I{I1T oxeas BbICOKO: naCTOJIbKO, 'ITO nO'lTH BCR KapTHHa nOJIyqaeTCJI 3anOJIHeHa KpaCKaMl1, KOTOPbIMJ1 Xy,n:O>KHl1K Hapl1COBaJI paCTeHMH na rro JnIX.

A

B ApJIe BaR Tor Ha.u;eJIJICR: aaMTJ1 'ITOTO rrpacytnee arseoccpepe JIIIOHCKJ1X rpaBlOp, CTOJlb 3aBopaJKJ1BalO~ ero. Cecrpe BJ1JI OR mrmer: «H ce6e nee BpeMl'I npe,!l;CTaBJIl'IIO, 'ITO aztecs JI B HnOIUU1, 'ITO MHe HY2KHO npOCTO .u;ep:amTb rnaaa XOPOlliO OTKpbITbIMH J1 'ITO HYJKHO TO.)lbKO H nJ1CaTh TO, 'I'1'O H3 aaxcztameroca co MIlOM B nerrocpencrneaaox 6JIli:I30CTJ1

rrpoxaaoznrr na MeH.fl oco6oe BIIe'Ia T.rreIlli:le» (681 IW7).

K ;3TOM KaTerOpJ1J1 npJ1Ha.u;.rre:m:aJIJ1 CPPYKTOB"bIe cansr J1 sepaoasre JIOJI.fl, cepna KOTOP'bIX JIOHBJIJIJIHCb aa nOJIOTHaX BaH Tor-a, HO erne J1 B aTOM JIyre C ~BeTaMM He.u;aJIeKO OT ApJIJI BaH Tory yztarrocs YBJIl.u;eTb .HnOHJ1lO. «U.eJIaa .u;JIlKa.fl nOJJ.HHa IIOJIHaJI JIPKliIX JKeJITblX JIIOTHKOB, xanaaa aapocnraa

Jlyr C L\B8TaMVI nOA Apneu

4 3 APIlb, Ma~ 1888

XonCT, MaCIlO, 54 x 65 eM

MpHCaMJ1- C JIJ1JIOBbIMl1 r:p3eTaMH Jf 3eJIeHhIMH JII1CTbJIMJ1» - Bce 3TM

KOHTpaCTHpYlOlIl.J1e I:{J3eTa B)(lo::arOBI!Jll xY,!l;01KHJi1Ka (611/487). TOT]:\a Baa Ier erne 3aKJIIO'IJ1Jl: «Ilpoxeaars aa lJOJIflHY C 2KeJ1TbIMJ1 K .JIMJIOBbllllli ~BeTaMJ1, rrpezicraanaenrs ce6e, 3TO npocro KaK 6YATO BOTIJIOrn;eFlMe JIIIOIICKOM Me'ITbI» (6111487).

Eme B Hrosaeae BaH for rutC8JI, 'ITO .ReTO no CpaBH€HMlO C BecHoi1

nepe,!lan. ropaazto Tpy;zJ,"Hee. EMy xOreJIOCb Y.l306paS>1Tb aTMoc~epy JJeTHerO no.nnaa npx nOMOmlit ~DpOTIffiOIIOCTaBJIeHlitJI cnaero il.ile~r'eHTa'!I" opaHEeBoro H 30JIOTJi[CTOfiPOH30BOtO OT nOJIei1» (454/372). Ha 3TOM xapraae eMj' Y.11aJIOCh nepe;n;aTb 3'l'OT H<l$iPeKT .neraero COJIHD;a».

C60p ypoxcas

Apnb. L1KlHb 1888

Xoncr, Macno. 73 x 92 eM

.IJ:JI:ll Baa Fora 6"bIJIO ae TOJIhKO BaEao 11306paSl1Tb COJIHe"fffbri:( rre:i'ba}K, HO enre O,D;HOi1 HeOT'heMJIeMoi1 ,D;JIJI Hero COCTaBHOMl.faCT"bIO 6hlJIa

Kp eCThHHCKa:R )J;ei1cTBYITeJInHO CTb. 3ane'IaTJIeHhI pa3JIlt'IH"bIe CTa,ll;JfJ1 y60pKI1 ypoasaa, XOTH onu lit HanHCaH"b1 ,D;OBOJIhBO MeJIKO, 3aBHTJ1JI KpeCThHH JIBJIJIIDTCH JJ;JIJI BaH I'ora liICKJIID"'l!J.fTeJI"bHO sa}KHoi1 "'l!aCThID

KapTI1Hbl. OB caM )J;aJI :3TOi1 KapTMHe BaSBaaMe 'la moisson ', T.e .. cfiop

ypo:m:a.lt.

3TO pa60TY xy;n;01KBYrK C'lJ1TaJ! o):1Bo:ili:

H3 CBOlilX BaH60JIee y;u.aBIlIJ1XCH KapTHB. «3Ta ( ... ) KapTMHa see

ocr arrsnr.re npOCTO narrpom, saTMeBaeT)~, TaK mecan OB 6paTY liI3 ApJIJI no MeH"bIllei1 Mepe rpl1 pasa (627/497)

Apn

B KOHqe MUff 1888 rozra BaH I'or xore.n oTrrpaBMT1>CJI B,ll;OJlh llo6epe2K1>ff Cpe,ll;l13eMHOro MOpa: lll1CaT1, MOpC.KJ1e neM.3a2KJ1. OH ,ll;YMa.rr 0 Mapce.rre li1JIYl Map rnre, HO B J'fTOre aro oxaaanacs He60JIbIllaR crapaa pbl6arwaH zrepeaymxa Cea-Mapa-zte-zra-Mep. BaH for npocsr.n TaM ncero ReCKOJlhKO ,u;HeM, HO aa 3T0'1' KOPOTKMR nepxozt eMY y,n;aJIOCb 3aKOH"ll1Tb ;o:eBHTb PMCYHKOB, ;O:Ba MOPCKMX neH3a>Ka J'f

KapTHHy caMOH rrepesyunor. ITPI1 OT1:.e3)l;e OH erne aafipocaa O;O:I11I PMCYHOK C JIOp,KaMl1: «3TO 6bIJIO Cp,eJIaHO)];O Toro, KaK ace JIO,ll;KYl pacrmsraarorca no CBOMM p,eJIaM, .II Ka2K,ll;Oe yrpo c06J'fpaJICH aTO lIapHCOBaTb, HO nOTOMY 'iTO ace OHM OTXO,ll;HT TaK pano, Mae see BpeMH 3TO He ynana.noci,» (623/487).

ITo B03Bpa~eIIMYl B caoe are.m.e B Ap.ns y BaH fora 6bIJIO sraoro

nOAK1Il Ha 6epery B CeH-Maplf1

L\. ~ fi..?nb, y,\Q'I-I.c "\'0'0'0

xoncr, Macno, 65 x 81 ,5 CM

BpeMeHYl aarracarr, KapTI1Hy, OCEOBbIBaRCh aa CBOMX aapxcossax OIlHChIBaH Bepaapy aTY pafiory, B03EHKIlIYlO B MaCTepCKOR, OH OT03BaJICR 0 HeH KaK 0 KOMn03I1QHM «Ma.rreHbKI1X aeneasrx, xpacasrx JI1 Cl11fMX .rro,n;O"'IeK, TaKl1X xpacxasrx, no cpopMe H IQ3eTY OHM HanOMMHa.nJ.1 eMY D;BeTbI» (625/B6).

B Cea-Mapx BaH I'ory yAaJIOCb aarreqa'J;JIeTb, xpcsre npoxero, casey erapyio nepeaynnry, pbI5an;KHe JIO}J,KM aB 6epery 11 Mope. Ha 3TOH pafiore XYi\O}]{ID[K 11305pa3MJI CBeTQBhle

MI!KM, orpaaceaasre B aozre, M M3J1eHbKMe JIO,n;O"l:KJ'1,

B03Bpar.uaroIUJ'1eCJI C PbI6HOH JIOBJIJ'1. BepHYBlllJ1cb B ApJI!> , BaH for OIDIChlBaJI, )1."0 KaKoH CTerreID1 OR 6blJI

OKOJI,n;OBaH]([ oxapoaaa Cpe.t\113eMHbIM MopeM. TIo CJlOBaM xy,n;OlKHMKa Y MOpE 6hIJI «D;BeT CKyM6pJl.Il1:, T.e. nOCTO.flHHO MeHHIOrn;JfHC.fl - :tn1Kor,n;a HeJIh3.fl 3HaTb 3eJIeHl>m OH MJIM qmOJIeTOBhIH, a, MO)KeT 6blTE" OH CHHJ1H, HO TyT 2Ke IJ;BeT Y2Ke H3MeHMJlC.fl M, Ka2KeTCR, reneps y Hero nO.flBI1J1C.fl p030BaTbIrr I1JIM cepoaa'rsra OTJIMB» (622/499). «UBeT CKYM6pI1M», nOCTOHHHO

46

BVIA Ha Mope B CeH-MaplII

APl1b, I1tOHb 1888

XOI1CT, Macno, 51 x 64 CM

113MeHHlOIIIMeCH OTTeHKM BO,z:t;hI - aTO OCHOBHaH TeMa aTOH KapTMHbI. 3eJIeHhle VI CMHMe Ma3KM CMeHHlOT npyr zrpyra aa rrOJIOTHe. BaH for IIOCTaBl1Jl CBOIO IIOP;lIViCb Blfl13Y CJleB~ rra xap'rxae M C,l:IeJIaJI 3TO BeCbMa 3aMeTHoHKpacHoH KpacI{OH. 3TO 6blJIO C,l:IeJIaHO He npOCTO TaR - TaXl1l' 05pa30M OH BHec «3JleMeHT xpacaorc 3eJIeHbIH» (665/524).

Ap

Me'ITOM B aa Tora 6bIJIO C03.n;a Tb KOJIOl'lKlO XYP;01KHMKOB, rzte ace XY11.02KHJ1KJ1-ep;WHOMblIIIJIeRHMKW MOJ:JIJ1 6bI BMeCTe 2Kl1Tb l1 TBOPl1Tb. MaCTepCKaR xy.n;O>KHJiIKOB MOI'JIa 6bl pa3MeCTKThCR B 'IeThIpex KOMHaTaX, xoropsre BaH for c Ma.R: 1888 rona CHWMaJI B npaaora KpblJIe >KeJITOI'O n;OMa na rrnonrazra JIaMapn.m B ApJIe. BWHceHT oTpeMORTKpOBaJI KOMHaTbl: «XO'IY, "ITo6hl aro 6bIJI HaCTO.fl~~fi1

>KenTblVi ADM . Ym>1ua'

4 7 Apns, ceHTA6pb 1888 XOJ1CT, Macno, 72 x 91,5 CM

.n;OM ,ll;JI.R: xy.n;02KHKKOB,. BO 'ITo6bI HMKaKWX n;eHHocTeM B HeM He 6brJIO, COBepmeHBO Hl%!KaKWX neaaocrex - zraace uaofiopor, HO "ITo6bI see OT CTYJIa AO aaprrorsr HMeJIO 6M oco6hrn xapaKTep» (680/534).

B cBoei1: M8cTepcKoM OH IIHmeT KapTJ1HY «YJIl%!n;a», OIIJ1CaBl%!e KOTOPOi1:

OB UOChIJIaeT Teo: «B aTOM TaKaJI MOJ:Qb - 2KeJITbIe .n;OMa, ocaerneansre COJIHn;eM, W HM C '{eM He cpaBHHMa.R:

.HCHOCTb ro.nytior-o. (. .. ) .n;OM CJIeBapoaonsra C 3eJIeHbr.MH CTaBFrHr.m, CTOJ:l:IIJ;J1M: B TeHH p;epeBa, a TaM - pecropaa, xyrra R KaJK.zn,m ):IeBJ:.

2KHBeT B KOHn;e yJlJ1I1bl, CJIeBa, .n;BYMR >KeJIe3HO.D;0p02KHl>Il\W (695/543).

111ITO C06CTBeHHhlX KapT11H. Ha

uouTiJ2TtI 6em.rffikKoro II03T<l 32KeHa 1j COJr):laTa IIoJIH-3}!{eaa Mt1JIJ1e. ~TOH xapnrne CIIaJil>HJI Bl1.HceHTa RilpnCOB8:Ha TeMIIepaMeHTHbIMI1 11

Oco5eU!ll;IM B aTOM nOJIOTHe JIBJIJIeTCJI ae rOJIbKO TOJlCTO aaaecennaa Kpa CKa,

CnanbHA

Apne, OKTR6pb 1888 Xoncr, Macno, 72 x 90 eM

HO Ji.I CTpamn,rn npOCTpaHCTBeHHbrn 3cpcpeKT. 3aARJIJI CTeHa KOMlIaThl KaK 6Y,.[(TO CTOJ1T HaMCKOCb. Ho 3TO He Olll116K3 Xy;:r.:01KHJ![K3, noaofiaoe OTo6p32K,eHJi.le OCHOBaHO H3 cpaKTax. 3Ta CTeHa ,.[(eHCTBMTeJIhHD He 6hIJIa IIO,ll npJIMblM yrJIDM no. ornonreamo K ,lIpYTJ1M CTeH3M. IIpe;:r,:MeTbI B pa3HbIX l..J:aCTJiX KapTJ1HbI pa3M:eIlJ;eHbI HepOBHO, IIOTOMY l..J:TO BaH I'or

aeztocra To."IHO TIlJ;a TeJl'bHO IIOCJle,ll;OBaJl

3aKOHaM nepCn8KTJ1BhL OARaRO 3TO 61>IJID C,lIeJIaHO MM C DCD6hIM YMblCJIOM. B III1ChMe K Teo OH IIl1C3JI, qTo. J![HTepbep KOMHaT'b1 HaIIl1C3H MM HapO'Il1TO «IIJIOCKO»; Ha KapTMHe HeT TeHem, 'ITo6hI OHa 6hlJIa IIDX02Ka na JIIIDHCKYlO rpaaropy, Ilpocroe y6paHcTBo M CBeTJIhIe I{BeTa .[(OJDKHbl ObIJlli1 B rrpHMDM J.1 nepeaocnon CMhICJIe BbIpa1KaTb «noxoa» M «COHJll1BOCT'h».

Apm

49

3yas

APJlb, I-1IOHb 1888

XOJlCT, MaCJlO, 65 x 54 CM

«MOJIO,!l;OK "lJeJIOBeKOM C MaJIeH:&KMM JIH[{OM, 6bI"Ibe:tl meeK M B3rJIR,!l;OM TMrpa», - TaK OIIMCbIBaJI BaH For «.3yaBa» (631/501). qeJIOBeK, M306pa2KeHHbI:tl aa rroprpere, oner B <popM)' syaaoa, CTpeJIKOBoro nOJIKa BO <ppaHIzy3cKoM apMMl1. «OR KaK KaMeHHblM, Ji1 nee 1Ke KaKOM-TO YPO):lJIJ1B:bIM M He Y,!l;aJICR.», TaK (mC8JI BaR For 06 3TOM noprpere Bepaapy, OlI eIIJ;e IIpo,n;OJDKaeT: «Ho BCe-TaKf1 3TO M02KHO, nOTOMY "ITO, npOKJIa,n;bIBaJ'I nopory B 6y,!l;ym;ee, K nepe2KJ.1JI C Bl1M HaCTOR.rn;J.1e J1CTIbITaHIDI,> (635/B8).

TaKMM 06pa30M, XY,lJ;OlKHJ1K CCbIJIaeTCR na nOllbITKM rapMOHJ1"IHO 06'be,!l;MHMTb rraera q,OPMbI 3yaBa 11 <pORa KapTJ:1HbI. BaH Tor rmmer zta.m-ure: «3TO, CTaJIOCb, csrpaa

II 0 llblTK a CKOM6MHMpOBaTb He IIO,lJ;XO,n:R.m;He ,lJ;pyI' K ,!l;pyry TI;BeTa. 'I'axoe ocymecraxm TPY,!J;HO, ace 3TlO,!l;bI, xorop'sre JI aanxcan K aTOM KapTHHe, ,lJ;aJIMCb e 6 o JIb llIJ.1M TPY,I.I'OM, HO nee lKe .H acerzia 6Y.rlY pafiorars Hall HapO,lJ,"HbIMM:W ;r(a2Ke TaKJ1MJ1 KpJ1K.JIJ1B:&IMM IIopTpeTaMM KaR 3TOT. TOJIhKO TaK rr "IeMY-TD yqyCb, a J1MeHHO <lTD MHe :w Heo6xo,lJ;J1MO IIOJIy'tJaTb OT pa6oTbI» (631/501).

BnepBble He.lleJm OCeRl1: 1888 rona BaH for C OO.)J:bDlHM 3RTY3Ha3MOM pafiora.n Ha.ll HOBOM cepHe:l1 KpeCTb.ffHCKHX nO.~OTeH. Bpexa 0'1' BpeMeHH eM)'

BCe-TaKl1 MHe ReMHOrO MelllaeT, BO, JaTO, B UpOMe:l'KYTKax, xorna CBeTHT ceaane, MRe TOJ1bKO '-ITO y):laJIOCb 3aKOB:'fJ(Tb ( ... ) nOJIOTRO, aa KO'I'OPOM H300pa2KeHbI ncrraxaam.re nOJIJJ. CIIHee ae60 H 6eJIble 05JIaKa, 3eMJIJI

IJ;BeTa rren.na, OTJIHBalOru;ero JIl1:JIOBbIM, KOMbJJ 3eM.JI]i.I, MH02KeCTBO CJIe,n;OB 0'1' nzryra, CHHJ1e XOJIMbI aa ropI1301ITe J1 ae.neasre KYCTbI, MaJIeHbKJ1e KpeCTbHHCKJ1e Y'-IaCTKM C ,n;OMaMJ1 C opa H1KeBbIMJ1 KpblrnaMJ1» (691/541 a). 8'1'0 rrOJIOTHO BaH I'or OIll1:CbIBaeT CJIe,n;yIDIu;l1:M o6pa30M: <,KOMbH 3eMJD1 MHrKl1:e no u;BeTY ( ... ) KaK napa ztepeaaansrx fiarmaaxoa C •• .) C He50M neaafiyzncoaoro IJ;BeTa, rpyrmascr

Ckoureuusre nOnA '60p03Abl'

Apnb,C9HTR5pb1888

XonCT, Macno, 72,5 x 92,5 CM

5eJIl>IX 05J!aKoB}} (692/541). ITOJIOTH( aaxpanreao rycTbIMM Ma3KaMM. BMHceHT Ilpe,n;yrrpe2K,n;8JI Teo, '-ITO IIOJIOTHY npM,n;eTCJI ,n;OJITO COXHYTb nOTOMY 'fTO, K8K OR IllifC8JI: "C KapTJ1HaMJ1 c r.r.ry60Kl1:M MMuaCTO HyLKHO 06XO,n;MTbCH TaK 2Ke KaK C XOpOillMM BMHOM - >'1M Hy2KHO nOJIe2KaTh» (691/541a).

51

Kpecno Ioreua

APJ1b, HOR6pb 1888

XOJ1CT, MaCJ10, 90,5 x 72,5 CM

A

I'oren rrpnexa.n B ApJTh B KOHIJ;e OKTJI6pJI.. BaH Tor 6bIJI o"1eHh ofipazioaaa ero ITpMe3~OM M Ct.[MTaJI 3TO aaqaJIOM csoero 'atelier du Midi' (are.nr,e zno MM)J;H). B TeqeHHe .D;BYX MeCJIu;eS XY)J;O>KHMKM >KMJUl B >KeJITO~f .D;OMe H pa60TaJIH BMeCTe.

3TO KapTJ1HY BaH Tor HaIIJ1CaJI B Ho.a6pe 1888 rona. Ilycrsre CTyJIbH qaCTO c.ny2Ka T MOTIifBOM K nepconzrpxxamm MX o 6J1:a.n:aTe.rrei; Bag I'or nxcan 3Ty KapTIifHY HMeRHO 3TO M YfMe.lI B BMAY - .n:JI.lI Hero 3TD KaK 6Y,lJ;TO 6bI rroprper ero zrpyra Tcreua. B TO >Ke BpeMJI BaH For cosnan euie H KapTHHy CBOeI'O, MeHee sasn.rc.noaa'roro xpecna (JIOH.D;OH HaIJ;HOHaJIhHaJ.! I'a.nepea). 3Ta pa60TB paCCMaTpYlBaeTCJI KaE:

OIIII03MIJ;MOHHoe,n;onOJIHeHlifeK «Kpec.ny I'orena». CMMBOJIMqeC1Uf BaH Tor XOTeJI 1if306pa3Y.!Th rra 3TMX nOJIOTHaX TO, HaCKOJIhKO pasasre 6hIJIY.! Y .n;pY3e"i1: xapaxrepsr. K co:m:aJIeHHIO, Y.!MeHHO BHYTpeHHl1e pa3HOTJIaCaa M aCIlopTJifJIM OTHomeHMH Me:m:.D;Y ABYMH 3TMM11 JIlO.u;bMJ1.

nyTH K y.nyqwem1l0

CBoe.J.i pa60Tbl, 'feM Ha'faTb cpm:YPbT» (658/517), rax rracan for BO BpeMH caoero npefisraamra

. J"1 OB C ysepemrocrsro 6epeTC.lI

.Ill>OBOM )Ko3eqJOM PYJIeHOM, :!IrnJl :a€)J;a.neKO OT :m:eJlTOrO BaH Tor 6b1.n .rIpy:m:eR, a B

6pe 1888 rona OR penran

B 1KH3lTh rnraa :aapJ1COBaTb scex lJ.neHOB ceMM1. OB

'.dJ'Lh'"l.>l"'> 113 In1TaTbI,

CMH 2Kosecpa

f·

nOpTpeT KaMlt1nA Pyneaa

Apnb, . .QeK.a6pb 1888

Xoncr, Macno, 40.,5 x 32,5 eM

Apnb

Ba:H I'or 6hIJI saaopoacen TeMoM CeHTeJLfI. Enre B 1880 rozty OR RaIl1ifCaJI KOIIl1lO C «CeHTeJIH» MHJlJIe; TBOp'IeCTBO MJ1JIJIe CJIY2KMJIO BaH I'ory IIpMMepoM Toro, KaK HY1KHO nxca-rs KpeCTbJiHcKJri;i 6bIT. II03ARee B ApJIe OR C03,u;aJI CHOM cobcrneaasre BapHan;J1H aa ;3TY TeM)'. IIpVfMe'IaTeJII>HO na :3TOM KapTHHe TO, qT03aXO~ee COJIHn;e ofipaayer KaK

Cearens

53 Apns, HOAOPb 1888

Xo.nCT, Macno, 32 x 40 eM

fib! HJ1M6 BOKPyr rOJIOBM CeHTeJIH. B rrn:ChMe K Bepnapy BaH Tor Ha3bIBaeT CHomI J1 CeHTeJIH CKMBOJIaMVI 6eCKOHe'IHOCTJ1, OHJ1 yKa3hIBaJOT aa nOBTOpJieMOCT'h nponecca pOCTa, :qeeTeHJ1H, cfiopa rraozron paCTeRHM - 11 ace 3TO ocynrecranaerca 6JIarOAap.H ceamno. IIo3,IJ;Hee BaH I'or 6y,u;eT pafiOTaTh HaA ofipaaorc ~Hen;a, B KOTOPOM OR BVIAJ1T CVfMBOJl CMepTJ1: «B

CMbICJle, 'ITO 'IeJIOBeK IIpe;J;CTaBJlJ1eT cofiOH3epHO, xoropoe y5MpaeT »meu. To ecrs, '1"1:>1 BVI,lIJ1IIIh, 'ITO aro rrpOTJ1BOnOJI01KHOCTb CeHTeJIH, xoroporo H rrorrsrranca HapJ1COBaTh pansme» (801/604). Cearens, TaIrnM ofipasose, CMMBO.JIH3MpyeT ~J13m..

anparranse IlOMYTHeHHSI paccymca 1888 rona BaH Tor orpesan

csoero BbIHYJKll,eHHoro

rrpetisraaaxa B 5o.IThHl1ll;e BaH Tor BCnOMJma.n 0 I.J;BeTYIIzyfX canax, xo-ropsre OH prrcoaan BecHof.! 1888 rona. OR 60SIJICSI, 'ITO 113-3a 60.IThHli1UbI eM)' npxzierca nporrYCT11TI> naprron D;BeTeHJ1SI. O,ll;HaKO 2Ke B naxane arrperta ero BhlllHCbIBaIOT 113 60.JThHlil::q.bI,11 OR cpasy 5epeTCH aa HOBYIO cepJ1JO :nOJIOTeH D;BeTY~t1X canon. C11HbH:KY BaH For ormcsraan 3TY

UBeTY~III~ CPPYKTOBbl1l1 can

Apnb, anpens 1889

xonct Maeno, 50,5 x 65 eM

pa50TY KaK «UOT-{T11 coaepmenao aezreayro C JIJ1llII:o 'IYTO'IKof.! .JIJ1JIOBOrO H ceporo - 5h!JI ;n;01K.n;JIHBhlJi ,n:eHb» (760/583b). OH nOIIhITaJICH J1306pa3HTb nozsneasre IIOTOKI1 HeCKOJThKHMI1 ,lJ;JIJ1HHbfM11 Ma3KaMH aa rpaae.

Apnb

55

APflb,RHsapb1889 XOJ1CT, Macno, 95 x 73 eM

«CJ1MCPO:En1JI B CJlBeM H LKeJITOM» - TaK BaH I'or aanysran yfipaac-rao JKeJIToro }.l;oMa K TOMy MOMeHTY, KaK AOJI1KeH 6hIJI npaexars, I'orea. OB XOTeJI nponaaecrx na zrpyr a Bne"IaTJleID1e cepJ1eiir p;eKOpaTJ1BHhIX RaTlOpMopTOB C nO}.l;COJIHyxaMJ1, 3TJ1M RaTlOpMop11aJ.! cyzsnerro 6hIJIO YKpaCJ1Th CTeEl>! CnaJIbBJ1 Toreaa. Pa 6 OTbI }.l;OJI1!Uil,I 6bIJIJ1 6bITb 06paMJIeHbI B paMKM >13 «TOHKJ1X peex, noxpameansrx OpaJQKeBbIM CBH~OBbJM CYPJ1XOM» (669/B15).

Ban for 6epeTcJJ: aa aTY cepxro pabone orpoMHhIM cpaRaTJ13MoM. PJ1CQBaTb eMY HyJKH.O 6bIJIO oxeas 6bICTPO, nOTOMY "ITO D;BeTbI B aase O'lem 6bICTPO B.HJIJ1: «He YA~11TeJIbHO, ''ITO, pJ.1CyH I10;!l;COJIRj'XJ1, a pafiorarc C 3HTY3J1a3MOM MapCeJIbn;a, KOTOPhlJ1 eCT 6yJI:&JI6e3 (npoBaRCaJIbCK11H p:DI6HbIM cyrr)» (670/526).

I'orea ;nenCTB11Te.JIhRO nOC'fliITaJI 3TH xapr-aasr BechMa Y}.l;aBIIDfMHCR 11 rrpezarcaozaaa nazae, 'ITO nO}.l;COJm:YXll CTaHYT neKOH xapaxrepnoa TOBapHofl MapKo:i1: BaH Tora. B 1889 rony BaR for BBOBl> 6epeTca: aa 3TY TeMY, B pe3YJIbTaTe =rero po~aeTca:n0J10TRO, xoropoe CeH'IaC BaXO}.l;HTCH B MY3ee BaH fora.

,-
-~"I~
.,' .-
I
I ,
j~- [i "~I
;1
--'C
(
JI, .
. . ~
, ~
f «R OCTpO 'IYSCTByro Heo6xo,I{MMOCTh COTBOPMTh '-ITO-TO, 'ITO MeR!'!: CJ10MaeT MopanhHO M BI>IMOTaeT <pM3M'-IeCKI'1)~, (717/557) ID'[caJI BaH I'or 13 BOJI6pe 1888 rona, 3Ta O,ll;ep2KJ1MOCTh CHOBa rrprrae.na ero B 60JIbHl1n;y B Ap.ne. KOI',Il;a ero BHOBh Bbml1CaJlM, BaH rOT naxa,n IIl1CaTb RaTIOpMopTbI, ",{To6h! BOCCTaHOBKTb caoe 'iYBCTBO pesrecna. 3Ta KapTKHa, Ha KOTOPOM 11306pa:m.eH Kpa6, ne2KaIIJ;KH aa cIIHRKe, 6bIJIa,

rrpe,IJ;ITOJIQJKMTeJIbHO, C03,1l;aHa I1MeHHO B 3TOT nepnon, M CID>KeT ee '-IaCTO MCTOJIKOBbmaIDT KaK CHMBOJI MOpaJIbHorO MCTOIIJ;eHHH, xoropoe TOT,Il;a MCDbIThlBaJIBaH I'or, XOTJI, BIIOJIlIe B03MOlKHO, 'iTO BaH Tor BbI6paJl rro.n;o6HhIH CIOlKeT He CTOJlhKO B u;eJI.fIX rrpOl{:OMMeBTHpOBaTb co6CTBeRHoeCOCTO.fIHMe,CKOJlbKO rroxasa-n, sceofiutyro Y'-IaCTb I'[ COCTOEHl1e acero qe.rrOBe'leCTBa. HH Y

56

Kpa6, Ile)l(aUlV1V! Ha Cnlt1HKe

APJ1b, AHBapb-cpeBpaJ1b 1889 Xoncr, Macno, 38 x 46,5 CM

TOM, Bl1 Y ,u;pyroH IDiTeprrpeTat{IDi He cymecrayer ,lIOCTaTO'lllO ocaoaaaxa. Penreane BbmOJIHl1Tb pa50TY }[MeRRO Ha <lTOT CIOlK.eT MOrJIO TaK2Ke 5bTTh HaBeJIBO perrpO,IJ;YKn;nen: C rpaaropst «Kpa6 B MOPCKl1X BO.n;OpOCJIJ1X». ABTopoM <lTOH pa60TbI JIBJlHeTCH HITOHCKHJ1 xy.n;OlKHl1K XOKycaH, a rrOHBHJJaCb OHa B «./KarrOR ApTMCTMK» ~pHaJle, C KOTOPhIM BaR For HaBepHHKa 6bIJI 3HaKOM.

Ap

CeH-PeMlt1

.II;a:m:e rrOCJIe BbIIIMCKl1113 60JIhHl1ll;h! Ball rOT npozroaaran CTpa,n-aTh llpHIIa;n;KaMM anJ1:JIenCJfJ1. Ilo3TOMY B Mae 1889 rozta OlI ;n;06pOBOJIhlIO pemaer JIe'1b B KJIHHJ1:KY ,!J;JIR ;n;ymeBH06oJIhBDrX He;n;aJIeKO 0'1' CeHPel\'IH_

Ero JIe'lall..l;MM apax, ;n;OKTOp IIe:ifpoH, II03BOJrn:JI eM)' npO;n;OJI:m:aTh pUCOBaTh. B rrpezte.aax KJIJfHI1Kl1 Teo CHaJI ,l:IJ!R Bxaceara MaJIeHhKyro KOMRaTKy, xo'ropaa BbIITOJIRRJIa pOJIh MacTepcKoM xy;n;OJKHJl1Ka. STY HO'1HJRl 6a6o'IKy BaR rOT yBYl;n;eJI B ca;n;y - KJIHHMKM Jl1 no OllIM6Ke Ha3BaJIee «6a60"IKOH C qeperrOM».: «Bxepa JI RapMCOBaJI 60JIbIllYro M ,l:IOBOJIbUO pezacyro HO'iRyro 6a60'1KY, KOTOpyIO enre Ra3hIBaJOT 6a60'1KOH C 'lepenOM; J' nee y;n;J1BMTeJIbHO caoeobpasaaa OKpaCKa: 'IepHhIH M cepbIM naera, OTTeHenbI 6eJThlM,. ,[Ia}[{e IIe npOCTO 6eJIhIM, a C KpaCHhIM oT6JIeCKOM, KOTOPhrH B KaKOH-TO CTeneHliI nepexomrr B OJll'!BKOBO-3eneHhI:i1; TIpll aTOM 6a6o'IKa O'IeHb 50JIhlIIaJJ no BeJIM'1l'!ae. trTo5b! aapxcoaa-n, ee, MH€ rrpxmnocs ee y6J1Th, 'ITO casro no ce6e .:m:aJIh, yJK 60JThRO ara 6bIJIa zpacaaaa TEaph» (778/592). BaR rOT rramrcan aTY rcaprmry C 6a6o"lKOili aa OCHOBe ,[IeTaJIbHOrO pMcYHKa 5a6o'1Kl'! Ha cpoHe apoaarrxa.

57

CeH-PeML-I, Maiil1889

CeH·PeMH

HOLlHO~ naBnV1HV1~ rnas

XonCT, Macno, 33,5 x 24,5 eM

ITo IICTe'IeHlfJ1 UepBOHa ':!aJThEOTO

nepllo,u;a ,n:06POBOJThROTO npe6bIBaHl!:!H BJleqe6~e, Baa I'ory enre ne 6bIJIO n03BOJleHO yexari, or-ryzra. CJIJ1IllKOM Se.illiK 6bIJI maac TOTO, 'fTO CJIyq11> ca O'lepeAHOH trpxnaztox zryrrrenaoro nOMemaTeJIbCTBa. IIpop;JIeIDfe cpoxa np€6bmaJIYlH B KJlKHl1Ke He IIOKa3aJIOCh eM)' Ilp06JIeMOJl..; rJIaBHOe, 'fTo6bI

MOlKHO 6LIJIO pxcoaarr., OKPYlKaIOlll;He eronpeAMeTM p;a:aaJll1 p;OCTaTO'fHO KarepMa.na K TBOp'feCTBy: «C Tex rrop

nO,QneCOK

CeH-PeMI>I, wonb 1889 Xoncr, Macno, 73 x 92,5 eM

KaK H szrecs HaX02Kycb, Op;MQa:aUIID1 cap; C 60JIblIII4MJ1 eJIfIMM, IIO,I:I KOTOPblMM pacrer BblCOKRlI H Heyx02KeBHaJ:I TpaBa, nepesrernanaaa C 50PBHHKOM pasnsrx COPTOB, He rrepecraer cHa5lKaTb MeHfI MaTepJ1aJIOM P;JIH pa50TbI» (77 8/592). OH mnrrer 60JThIIlOe KOJIJ1"<IeCTBO KapTMH, aa KOTOPbIX M306pa2KeH 3apOCml1M IIJIIOUI,OM 60JIbHt1'IHbm can. B 3TOM patio-re BHMMaID1e xy;::r;02KHJ1Ka TJIaBHbnvr o6pa30M ccpoxycxpoaaao na

TOM, KaK npOHJ1KaeT CBeT Qepe3 rycryt xpoay J1 naztaer aa sapocnrae CTBOJIbl ztepensea J1 na 3eMJIIO. fupa reHK M cnera aa KapTJ1He npJ1BOp;J1T K nOQTl1 a6CTpaKTHOMY 0pHaMeHTY, B03HJ1XaIOm;eMY J13-UO,I:I rrpr.rraromea Kt1CTH, rrOKpblBaI<JU.J;eMJ rrO':lTJ1 nee nOJIOTHo.KapTt1HaHaIIJ1CaHarJI~H CHH3Y asepx, aTOT npl1eM HOCMT erne Ha3BaHJ1e «JIfITywe~eJl. nepCneKTJ1BhI}; J1 3aJ1MCTBOBaH OR C fIIIOHCKt1X rpasrop.

CeH-PeMI

~., .

.. , '..~

~,
. \\
,," \'
... -, !
i
"
(~
"I
/,. )' ,II

,-

;(

f

I.

,',

'.'

~I

,

" , .

"

,

\

r'

1/ - ,

't( ~

7//

"

, I

j

r'

,.

n sera (no ,UeJ1aKpya)

9

CeH.PeMV1, ceHTR6pb 1889 XOf1CT, MaCI10, 73 x 60,5 CM

3Ta KapTMHa - "IIbeTa» - JlBJUreTC.fI npe)J;cTaBJIeIU:l:eM o6pa3a.n;e.aI>1 MapMJ1, cKop6ffw;eJ:l: no YMepmeMY XPJ!1CTY; IlOJIOTHO OCH013aao aa JU1Torpaq,JOi C KapTMHM 3:m::eaa ,l(eJIaKpy.a (1798-1803). IIoBo,D;oM K pafio-rs IlOCJIpKMJIa aetiocrsnraa FIenpJ1.fITHOCTb: «JIt1TOI'paq,MlI C pa60TI>I .l(e.n:aKPya «llieTa» BMeCTe C erne aeCKOJIbT{J1Mk! JJJ1CTaMJ1 yrraaa B xpacxy J1 MaCJIO M nonopnlJlacb. H O'JeHl:. 06 3TOM ccacazre,n, a nOTOM a 6MJ! 3aaRT TeM, '{TO pt1COBaJI ee.

o )J;HalK)J;bI TbI ee Y13J1lJ;MIIIb)} (802/6 05) . IIoBpeE,n;eHEaH - C MaCJ!.fIHbIM nHTaOM - .lD1TOI'paq,HH 6bIJIa coxpaaeaa.

Pa60Tb! aa peJIJiI'W03Eil>Ie TeM:bI, nOlJ;oGHI>Ie 3TOM KapTMH€ «ITheTa", HBJ!HIOTCH HCKJI1O"'JeHl1.eM cpezm apyrxx npJ1BbN.aMX ,n;JIH xy,n;O.<KHJi:!Ka CI{)lKeTOB. He J1CKJUQQeao M TO, 'lTO «HerrOHJITblM" 11 60JIbIlOM Baa rOI' cpaBHMBaJI ce5a co cTpa,n;alOW;MM XpMCTOM. OR IlMCaJI: «.II "<:!€JIOBeK He 6e3pa3JII1,{FU.D1:, 11 B caMOM nponecce CTpalJ;aHMJI MbICJIJ1 a peJIJ1I'J1M M CJIYlKeIUm Eory rrpxaocar t\IlHe nopOM 311a'IMTeJIb80e yremenas» (802/605 ) .. Maorxe IJo,n;:QeplU1BalOT TalOKe BHelIIHee CXO,n;CTBO MelKlJ;y phI1Ke6opo,n;:hlM Xy,n;OJKHJ1KOM M noxoacea aa Hero rflMI'ype XpWCTa Ita KapTJ1He «IIbeTa».

GeH-PeMIiI

B CeH-PeMM y BaH I'ora He 6hIJIO He,n;.oCTaTKa B ClO1KeTax. OH ITMCaJl 60JlhID1"IH:bI:i1: can, pMCOBaJl KOpJ1,lJ;ophI 3,ll;aHJ1H M oxna C penrerxasrn, aane=ra'rnen B>1,11; U3 caoero OKHa J1 C,ll;e.rraJ1 noprperr.r HeCKOJIhKJ1X na~eHTOB. HaX.o,Z:VICh nozt npJ1CMo-rP.oM, eMY ,ll;a)Ke 6hlJIO n03HOJleH.o J1Hor:n;a pl%1COBaTh BHe rrpene.noa Jle"Ie6HHI{hI.

Ha nOJlOTHe «IIoJIe 3epHoBbIX co

}KHe1:l0M» XY,ll;O}KHJ1K Ji!306paSHJI BH;t( 113 OKRa CBo.e:i1: KOMRaTh!: aep aonoe nozre, otiaeceaaoe orpanost, a He rOpJ13aHTeropsr. K.oJlOChH nepeziama na naJIOTHe C ITaMOllJ;blO ,l:IJIMHHblX,. BOJIHOD6pa3HbIX MaSKOB KpaCKM, KDTophle - T.o 3,n;eCh, TO TaM - saKpy'tJJ.maIOTCH B CITHpaJH1. IIo3}Ke BaR Tor nncan cJle,n;yroJ..I.J;ee a 3Ra"IeRIDi xa pruasr. OR CCbIJlaJICH Ha H3BeCTH:yIO 6H5JIe:i1:cK:yIO MeTaq:,opy: «B JKHeue-

60

none 3epHOBbiX co >KHeLtOM

C 8H-PeMvt, ceHTR6pb 1889 Xoncr, Macno, 74 x 92 CM

ofipaae, KDTaphI:i1: B IT.oJl"y,n;eHHhlli3Hofi C ,n;:b.ffBDJIbCKa:i1: o;t(epJKJ1MaCTbID IIhITaeTC.ff BbmDJIHJ1Tb CBOro pa50TY, II Tar,n;8 YBJ1,n;eJ! ofipae CMepTYI, B TOM CMbICJIe, 'tJTD pon QeJIOBe'i.ecKJ.ri1- aTO TO}Ke 3epRO, xo ropoe CKaWHBaeT }!ffiell;» (801/604). K CKa3aHHOMY DR eJ..I.J;e ,n;o6am1.Jl, -qTO CMepTb 6blJla IlO"iTJI "ITO «C YJIbI6KO:i1: aa JIl1I1e» (8011604).

61

BaH Tor C03p;aJI cepwIO aapraa no MOTMBaM pa3.JU1'IIlhIX rpaBIOp, aaropasor XOTOPbIX 6blJIJ.1 Tal01e XY}J;OlKHJ.1KH xax Onope .uOMbe (1808-1879), PeM6paHp;T BaH PeME (1606-1669) H, nO'ITM B nepeyio oxepezrs, )I{aH-¢lpaHcya MJ.1JIJIe (1814-1875). Pa60Tb! MMJIJIe BP;OXHOBJI.H.lll1 BaH fora fif B 60JIee paHKJ1e nepxozrsr ero TBOp'ieCTBa. IJpeJ1MYIIIecTBo :noH cepmr pa60T aax.mo=rarroct, B TOM, 'iTO Hap; He:i1 OH Mor npO}J;OJIlKaTb pa60TaT:b zraace xorna J13-3a KpM3a eMY He TI03BOJI.A:.JIJ1 BbIXO.n;J1Tb aa yJIJiqy, ,{To6bI pJ1COBaTb. o pafiore Hap; 3TJ1MJ1 KOTIJ1SIMM OR TIJ1caJI Teo: «H coaepnrenao cny'Ia:i1Ho aa HJ.1X B3SIJIC.f.l M C'IliITaro, 'iTO 'ieMY-TO naace y~Cb B npouecce pa60TbI nan HJ1MliI, 11 IIOPOM ;:ITa paoora npJ1ROCMT MHe YTemeRJ1e. KJ.1CTb, K MoeMY rrOJIHOMY y.n;OBJIeTBOpeRMIO, lIBl1raeTCH MelK.n;y M011MJ1 rraJIbIIaMJ1 xaa CMbI'IOK TIO cTpYHaM CKPJ1IIKJ1» (806/60?). Cepna KapTJ1H MJ1JIJIe «IIOJIeBble pa60T},I» (Travaux des champs) 6bIJIa aocrrpoasaezteua BaH I'orosr aa .u;ecHTJ1 He6oJThllIJ1X nOJIOTHaX, ceM!> J13 KOTOPbIX HaXOllSI'l'CH CeM'IaC B My3ee BaH fora. ITo rrpeMMyrn;ecTBy nI1 KapTI1HbI BhITIOJIReHbI BaH I'orosr B 30JIOTI1CTO-lKeJITbIX I1 CMHJ1X TORax - J1MeRHO 3Tfif IIBeTa, no ero MHeHJ1lO HaJ16o.rree yna=rao acCOn;J1J1pOBaJIJ1Cb C lKJ13H:b1O J1 6blTOM KpeCTI:.JllI .

••

>KeHLlWIHa, BA>Kyw.aA CHOn bl (no MI1.r:rne)

CeH-PeMM, ceHTR6pb 1889 Xoncr, Macno, 43 x 33 CM

CeH-PeMVI

Bo BpeMH caoero nO'ITJ1 rOIJ;OBOro rrpetisraamra B .Jle'Ie6Hl1Il;e BaH I'or IJ;Ba pasa pJfCOBaJl KaMeHOJIOMHIO, KOTopaH HaXOIJ;H.JlaCb rr06J1H30CTJ1. B TO BpeMR KaK on paocran aan o;n;ao:i1: J13 BepCJ1J1 KapTJ1HJ:>I, C lDfM C.rry"<U1:JICR oxepezraon IIpt1TIaIJ;OK, B pesYJIhTaTe xoroporo B TeqeHJfe erne lleCKOJIbKJ1X MeCHU;eB OR He Mor npOIJ;OJUKaTh pafiory,

Kapreray, KOTOPYlO OR crrYCTH aexoropoe BpeMH BCe-TaIO.( 3aBepmJ1JI,

eMY XOTeJIOC;b nOCJIaTh Teo KaK rrexyto «IIOHbITKY, KOTopaR 6hI.rra MeHee HpKO:i1:, 60JIee yscepenaoa H npHrJIYmeBHo:i1: no IJ;BeTY; co CMemaHHbIMH 3e.rreHhIMJ1 [{BeTRMJ1, a TaIOKe KpaCHblMH, pJKaBO-KpaCHhIMH, JKeJlThIMJf J1 oxpoa» (798/601). M3 :rrn:cbMa, COIIpOB01KlJ;alO~ero KapTHHY, BJ1IJ;HO, 'ITO XYIJ;01KUJfK 6hlJl O"'IeHb ;n;OBO.JleH ;no"j::i pa6oTo:i1: «II C'IHTaro, 'ITO «Bxozt B KaMeHOJlOMHIO», xoropsra H

Bxoa B KaMeHOnOMHKJ

62 CeH-PeMI<1, ~1OI1b 1889 XOI1CT, MaCI10, 60 x 74,5 CM

B3rJlHIJ;, TeMHhIe aeneasre q:aeTa XOPOllIO CO'1eTaIDTCH C O'l"reHKaMlI oxpsr. B 3TOH KapTmIe ecrs qTO-TO rrexazrsrroe, H 3TO xopomo l{ 6J1arOTBOpHO ;n;JIH 3,lIOPOBI.H, H

C an n e ~ e 6 H VI Ll bl Ce H - n on b <,naAalO~(o1e JU1CTbR"

CaA, OKpy:m:a1OIIJ;ID1 JIeqe6Hl1lzy, CJIY2KMJI AJUI BaH For-a aenc-reprraesrsne J1CTO'l.E(J1KOM B,lIOxHOBeHM.fI. C HaCTyrrJIeID1eM ocenn - SpeMeHJ1 rona, K KOTOPOMY Y BaH fora 6:bJJI:a ccotiaa TpeneTHaa JlI060Bb, OH aa-razr pa60TY Ha;n; pa3JIM-.:mbIMl'l. 3TlO;n;aMM oceHHHX 3cpcpeKToB B rrapxe HerrOAaJIeKY OT Jle'Ie6H11Il;bI.

.n;JI.H HanJ1CaHJ:1.H 3Toro OCeHHel'O nOJI:OTHa BaH Tor BbI6pa.rr ,D;OBOJIbHO BhICOKyro n03J1l.Vl10, n03ToMY CJ1JIY3TbI CTBOJIOB ;n;epeBbes RaK 6bI rtoztpeaaasr BepXHJ1M J1 fU(DKHYfM npe;n;eJIaMJ1 IIOJIOTHa. 3Ta 6bIJIa KOMII03HUJ10HHa.R cpopMa, J13BeCTHaJI BaH Tory no nOJIOTHaM Bepnapa J1 I'oreaa. 3TO TJ1IIMqHbIH 3'tWA, B KOTOPOM 'IaCn1 nOJIOTHa OCTaJlJ1Cb ;n;a)Ke He

3aKp ameHHbIMJ1.

BliIHceHT nncan Teo, 'ITO "leM 60JIbme rrazraer Jn1cTbeB, TeM 60JIbIIIe 101KE[bIJ1: rre"iha:m: CTaHOB11TCH nOXOJK Ha neiha2K cenepasra (r,e. rOJIJIaH,D;cKJ1i1). Bo BpeM.H caoen 60JIe3HJ1 BaH Tor ocotienao MHoro H 'faCTO BCnOMliIHaJI 0 ;n;eTCTBe 11 MOJIO]:lh!X roztax, npoaeneaasrx B HM,D;epJlaH;n;ax.

CeH·PeMI-I, OKTFl6pb 1889 CeH-PeMLo1

XOIlCT, Macno, 73,5 x 60,5 CM

IIOJlOTHa na TY :>I(e TeMY, KOTOpaH cei>M:aC:M HaXO.n;I1TCH B My3ee BaH Tora, ITo cpaBHeHl1IO C nepasrsr napxaarox KapTKHhI, KOTOPbm: 6bIJI BbmOJIHeH aerrocpencraeaao rra nneaepe, noarcpeaxe TeMl>I B03HJ.fKJIO B MaCTepCKOM xy,u;02KHI1Ka. II03TOM)', HaBepHOe,KOMII03K~UOHHoe rrpencraaneane aroro rrOJIOTHa 60JIee rrpoztysraao, a nneroaoe coxeraaxe 11 ABM2KeHliIe KMCT:M 60JIee

CJ1CTeMa TJ13liIP OBaHO.

Ilocne IIpl1IIa,ZJ;Ka, CJIY'IHBllIeI'OCH B MIOJIe 1889 rozra, BaH Tor B Te~eH:Me ABYx Mec~eB ae OCMe.mmaJICH BhIMTJ1 aa YJIIi'!Il;Y, liI3 OnaCeHJ1:JI, "<ITO C HliIM C~I1TCH HOBhIM rrpnnanox. TOJIhKO JIliIWh B OKTJI6pe OH HaIIleJI B ce6e MY2KeCTBO nof.1:TM paoorarr, na CBe>KJ.fM B03,n:yX. B aa-rane HOJI6pH 6hIJIa I'OTOBa «Be~epHHJI MMIIpeCCliIH C 60JIbllI:MMM eJIHMH» (818/613). «ThI, nOHI1MaeIllh .JIM, - IlO,ZJ;hlTO}KI1BaJl BaH rOT CYII:(HOCTh

3TOI'O nOJlOTHa .n;JIH Bepaapa - 'ITO 3TO CO'leTaHMe KpaCHOM OXPhI, 3eJIeHOI'O, KOTOPhm: CTaHOBMTbCH 60JIee TeMHhIM 6JlaI'o,n:apH .u;06aBJIeHJ.fKl ceporo, J1: xepasre KOHTypHhIe TIOJIOCbI rrp06Y:>I():IaKlT TO qyBCTBO crpaxa, OT xoroporo crpanaror aexorop.sre M3 MOI1X TOSapMII:(e:ii: IIO HeC'IaCThlO - :31"'0, TaK Ha3bIBaeMhm:, qepHO-KpaCHhIM naer» (824/B21). ITo 06hIKHOSeHJflO, BaH Tor HarrMCaJI BTOPyro BepCJ110

64

Cap' neLle6HVlLl.bl CeH-nonb

CeH-PeMI1, HOA6pb 1889

X OJl CT, MaCI10, 71,5 x 90,5 CM

CeH-PeI.lM

_IPJ{ICOBaJl;ZVIH aero KapTIi1HY aa O~H CBOJ.O( Jt:!3JU06JIeHR'&lX ClO:aceTOB: pmlJlIHe qaeT)'1I01e BeTBJI! aa <pORe aefia, ITo 3aMhIC.rry BJl!HCeHTa pa60TY MOJKHO 6bLlIO IlOBeCHTh B

crransae aan Kpo:aaT'&1O Teo Hero :aceRb!. B Ka'IeCTBe CJI!MBOJIa MOJIO~OH 2K113HJ1 BJI!HCeHT J1306pa311JI aa KapTJ1He BeTKM MJ1H~aJI.f.[, ozraoro 113 casrsrx paHHe~eTy~J1X ztepeases, ysce B epespane 06"l>JIBJI.f.[JOm;ero 0 npaxone BeCHbI. Paaraenreaae KOMII03HIzyl11 na IlOJIOTHe J1 'IeTKHe KOBTYPbl nepesa II03aJI!MCTBOBaHbI BaH rorOM Y R.IIOHCKOro t1CKyccTBa rpaaropsr.

5

LtBeTeHV1e MV1HAanbHbIX nepeasea

CeH-PeMliI, q,eBpanb 1890 Xoncr, Macno, 73,5 x 92 OM

CeH-PeMVI

laB rOT II03aMMC'tBOEaJ1 'teMY aCHelKeHHOTO IJOJIH C :eJIbCKOX03HMCTBeHH:DIMM

xapaxrepnoa 'tOJIbKO )J,JIH Hero Maaepe, ,lJ;06aBJ1JI B nee n;BeT. IIe:ibalK CTaHOBHTCH eIIJ;e 60JIee 3HMJiI.1M M eIIJ;e 60JIee 6e3Ha;n;elKHO ne-qaJIbHbIM, 'ieM aa RapHIHe y M.>1JIJIe. 3TO IIOXOJKe, cxopee, aa co6cTBeHHYIO aaprranaio aa TeM)' MMJIJIe, HelKeJlM Ha KOIU11O C ero pafio n,r.

o KOIIMpOBaHJ1e pa60T ;u;pyrHx xy;n;01KHHKOB BaH Tor IIJ1CaJI:

rHCTpYMeaTaMH H Kpy1KaIIJ;J1MJ1 lopoHaMM C O;n;HOM rpaBropM, a 1M8HHO - orpop ra AJI1,,<ppe;n;a ,n;eJIOHe 1876-1941) tIO xaprxae MKJIJIe. BaH ~OT nepeaan KOMII03M:qMIO C -qepHoleJIOTO OTTMCKa M cars, B TJIy6oKO nl'iHOf:r, OTJIH"'IMTeJIbHOM M

66

3aCHe>KeHHOe nOIle C 60POH0li1 (no Mli1JlJle)

Cel-!·PeMVl, RHsapb 1890 XoncT, Macno, 72 x 92 eM

«Oco6eHHO Teneph, KOT;n;3 H 60JI8H, ,II rrsrraroce 3aHffTbCH 'ieM-TO, 'fTO YTeIllKJIO 6hl MeHH, "<feM-TO ;r:PHI: co6cTBeHHoro y;n;OBJIeTBOpeHMf!. H CTaBJIIO nepen co60f:r'-:IepHO-6eJIhle M306paJKeHJ1H C KapTMH MJI!1 aa TeMhI KapTMH ~eJIaKpya MJIM MliI"JI.ne M rrsrraroct, MMTIpOBM3Mpo:aaTb B uaere, TJIH)J;H na HMX» (806/607).

CeH.-PeMIol