Prepared by Ladybird

PROJECT WORK 1 / 2010

a.
The general form of completing the square,
y
y = a( x p)2 + q ,
0.5
max. point = ( 0, 0.5 )
y = a( x 0)2 + 0.5
x y = ax 2 + 0.5
-2 2 From the diagram, substitute ( 2, 0 ) into equation.
0 = a (2) 2 + 0.5
a = 0.125

y = 0.125 x 2 + 0.5

The general form of completing the square,

y y = a( x p)2 + q ,
-2 ( 0, 0 ) 2 max. point = ( 0, 0 )
-0.5 x
y = a( x 0)2
y = ax 2
-0.5
From the diagram, substitute ( 2, 0.5 ) into
( 2, 0.5) ( 2, 0.5)
equation.
0 = a (2) 2
a = 0.125

y = 0.125 x 2

The general form of completing the square,

y
4.5
y = a( x p)2 + q ,
max. point = ( 0, 4.5 )
y = a( x 0)2 + 4.5
( 2, 4) 4 ( 2, 4) y = ax 2 + 4.5
From the diagram, substitute ( 2, 4 ) into equation.
x 4 = a(2) 2 + 4.5
-2 2 4a = 0.5
a = 0.125

y = 0.125 x 2 + 4.5

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b. y

0.5

x
-2 2

Area of shaded region, A = Area of rectangle - area of the quadratic curve

2
A = 2 ( 2 ) 2 0.125 x 2 + 0.5 dx
0
2
0.125 x 3
= 42 + 0.5 x
3 0
0.125 ( 2 )3
= 42 + 0.5 ( 2 ) 0
3
1
= 4 2 + 1
3
2
= 4 2
3
2
= 2 m2
3

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Further Exploration

(a)

(i)
Structure 1:

0.4 m
Volume , V = Area breadth
2
V = 2 0.4
3
1m 8
= 0.4
3
16
= m3
15

16
Cost = 840
15
= RM 896
4m

Structure 2:

0.4 m
1
Volume , V = ( 4 0.4 1) ( 0.4 4 )( 0.5 )
2
1m 1
0.5 m
= 1.6 ( 0.8)
2
= 1.6 0.4
= 1.2 m3

Cost = 1.2 840

= RM 1008

4m

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Structure 3:

Volume ,
1
1m V = ( 4 0.4 1) ( 3 0.5 )( 0.4 ) (1 0.5 0.4 )
1m 2

0.5 m
= 1.6 0.3 0.2
= 1.1 m3

Cost = 1.1 840

= RM 924

4m

Structure 4:

Volume ,
2m 1
V = ( 4 0.4 1) ( 2 0.4 0.5 ) ( 2 0.5 0.4 )
1m 2

0.5 m
= 1.6 0.2 0.4
= 1 m3

Cost = 1 840
= RM 840

4m

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Conclusion:

Structure Volume (m3) Cost (RM)

1 1.0667 896

2 1.2 1008

3 1.1 924

4 1 840

Structure 4 costs RM840 which is the lowest cost among these four structures.

(ii) Try to answer this question yourselves.

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(b)

4m

0.5 m
1m

Separate the diagram into three parts

4k 4k
2 k 2

0.5 m
A B C
1m

Area , A = Area A + Area B + Area C

1 4k 1 4k
A = (1 + 0.5 ) + 0.5k + (1 + 0.5 )
2 2 2 2
1 4 k
= 2 (1 + 0.5) + 0.5k
2 2
= 0.75 ( 4 k ) + 0.5k
= 3 0.25k

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(i)

k (m) Area (m2)

0 3.0000

0.25 2.9375

0.50 2.8750

0.75 2.8125

1.0 2.7500

1.25 2.6875

1.50 2.6250

1.75 2.5625

2.0 2.5000

(ii) Try to solve this question yourselves.

Hint: The area is a descending arithmetic progression.

(c)

(1 + 0.5 )
1 4k 1 4k
A= + 0.5k + (1 + 0.5 )
2 2 2 2
1 4 k
= 2 (1 + 0.5) + 0.5k
2 2
= 0.75 ( 4 k ) + 0.5k
= 3 0.25k

When k = 4 , A = 3 0.5 ( 4 )
= 2 m2

When k = 4 , the diagram will change to a rectangle.

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