INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

III
Viability of Organism

Created By:

Aidil Adhani

071404164

ICP Biology

BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT

MATHEMATIC AND SCIENCE FACULTY

STATE UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR

 INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

Subject matter : Biology

Class/ Semester : IX/ 1
Meeting :I
Time Allocation : 1 x 40 minutes
Standard competence: 2. To understand the viability of organism.
Basic Competence : 2.1. To identify the viability of organism by adaptation, natural selection,
and reproduction.
Indicators : - Explain the different between morphology, physiology and behavioral
adaptation.
- Mention the examples of morphology, physiology, and behavioral
adaptation.
I. Instructional Purpose
After done this material, hope the student be able to:
- Differentiated between morphology, physiology, and behavioral
adaptation of organisms.
- Mention the examples of morphology, physiology, and behavioral
adaptation of organisms.
II. Main Material
VIABILITY OF ORGANISM
Adaptation is the adjustment/ acclimatization of the organism with
their environmental. Each individual has different ways to adaptation with
their environment, there are that experience the morphology change
(morphology adaptation), there are that experience the changes of body
metabolism process (physiology adaptation), and there are also that
experience the changes of attitude and behavior (behavioral adaptation).
Adaptation is done by the organisms if the environment surround them is
danger or disadvantage for their self, so they need to protect their life or
survive.
a. Morphology Adaptation
 Morphology adaptation is the adaptation of the external body
tool (morphology) of an organism to its surround environment. For
example: the shape of bird beak is suitable with their food kinds, foot
shape of birds is suitable with their life ways, and mouth type of
insects is suitable with their life ways. For plants, there are xerophytes
(live in dry place), hydrophytes (live in the water/ wet place), and
hygrophyte (live in the moist place).
b. Physiology Adaptation
Physiology adaptation is the adaptation of the internal body tools
function (physiology) of an organism to its environment. For example:
osmoregulation (regulator for osmosis pressure) of fish, the formation
of hemoglobin of human with different altitude of their place, work of
enzyme of certain organisms.
c. Behavioral Adaptation
Behavioral adaptation is the adaptation of an organism attitude
or behavior to their environment. For examples: teak tree fall its leave
in dry season to decrease the transpiration, taro is drops water to
decrease the over of water, mimikri of chameleon, etc.
III. Method
Model : Cooperative STAD
Method : Discussion and Question and answer
Approach : Constructivist
IV. Steps of Instructional
1st Meeting
Kinds of Activity (40 minutes) Time

A. Beginning Activity (5 minutes)

1. Teacher give appreciation to the student with
ask why the beak of bird is different each 3 minutes
other?
2. Teacher delivers about the instructional 2 minutes
purposes.
 B. Main Activity (30 minutes)
1. Teacher gives explanation about adaptation of
organisms. 10 minutes
2. Teacher divides the student into 3 groups with 2 minutes
certain consideration.
3. Teacher determine which one of the student act 3 minutes
as the I, II, III, for each groups and then tell
the roles of quiz. 12 minutes
4. Teacher starts the quiz.
5. Teacher gives appropriate for the best student 3 minutes
and group based on the quiz result.
C. Last Activity (5 minutes)
1. Teacher closes the subject by giving
5 minutes
conclusion.

V. Sources of study
- Tim Abdi Guru. 2006. IPA Terpadu Jilid 3 untuk SMP Kelas IX.
Jakarta: Erlangga.
- Marker
- Whiteboard
- Quiz
- LCD
- Laptop
VI. Assessment
Technique of assessment : Written Test
Form of assessment : Essay
Questions:
1. What is adaptation?
2. What is the different between morphology, physiology, and behavioral adaptation?
3. Give 3 examples of morphology adaptation?
4. Give 3 examples of physiology adaptation?
5. Give 3 examples of behavioral adaptation?
VII. Guidance of Assessment
No. Answer of Question Score
1. Adaptation is the adjustment/ acclimatization of the organism with their 10
 environmental and done by the organisms if the environments surround them
is danger or disadvantage for their self, so they need to protect their life or
survive.

2. Morphology adaptation is the adaptation of the external body tool

20
(morphology) of an organism to its surround environment; physiology
adaptation is the adaptation of the internal body tools function (physiology)
of an organism to its environment, while behavioral adaptation is the
adaptation of an organism attitude or behavior to their environment.

Shape of bird beak is suitable with their food kinds, foot shape of birds is
3. 10
suitable with their life ways, and mouth type of insects is suitable with their
life ways.

osmoregulation (regulator for osmosis pressure) of fish, the formation of

10
hemoglobin and platelets of human with different altitude of their place,
4.
work of enzyme of certain organisms like cellulase in intestine of herbivore.

10
Teak tree fall its leave in dry season to decrease the transpiration, taro is
drops water to decrease the over of water, mimikri of chameleon as the
5. protection.
Total 60

Makassar, June 14th

2010

Headmaster, Teacher,

(Prof. Dr. Hj. Nurhayati B, M.Pd) (Aidil Adhani)

 STUDENT WORKSHEET

Standard competence : 2. To understand the viability of organism.

Basic competence : 2.1. To identify the viability of organism by adaptation, natural
selection, and reproduction.
Purposes :
The students are be able to :
- Identify the kinds of organism adaptation with their environment.
- Mention the examples of each kind adaptation of organisms.

Material
Adaptation is the adjustment/ acclimatization of the organism with
their environmental. Each individual has different ways to adaptation with
their environment, there are that experience the morphology change
(morphology adaptation), there are that experience the changes of body
metabolism process (physiology adaptation), and there are also that
experience the changes of attitude and behavior (behavioral adaptation).
Shape of bird beak is suitable with their food kinds is one example of morphology adaptation,
the formation of hemoglobin and platelets of human with different altitude of their place is the
example of physiology adaptation and teak tree fall its leave in dry season is the example of
behavioral adaptation.

Task
Answer the questions below by read biology book or another literature that relevant!
1. Mention three kinds adaptation of organism!


2. What is the different between morphology and physiology adaptation?

3. Give 2 examples for morphology and physiology adaptation!

4. What is behavioral adaptation?


5. Why the teak always fall its leave when the dry season is coming?


.
Key Answer
1. Morphology adaptation, physiology adaptation, and behavioral adaptation.
2. Morphology adaptation is the adaptation of the external body tool (morphology) of an
organism to its surround environment; physiology adaptation is the adaptation of the
internal body tools function (physiology) of an organism to its environment.
3. Morphology adaptation: Shape of bird beak is suitable with their food kinds, foot shape
of birds is suitable with their life ways.
Physiology adaptation: osmoregulation (regulator for osmosis pressure) of fish, the
formation of hemoglobin and platelets of human with different altitude of their place.
4. Behavioral adaptation is the adaptation of an organism attitude or behavior to their
environment.
5. To decrease the evaporation/ transpiration in dry season.
 QUIZ

1. What is adaptation? (10 points)

2. Why the organism should to do adaptation? (10 points)
3. What is the meaning of morphology, physiology, and behavioral adaptation? (30 points)
4. Give two examples of morphology adaptation! (20 points)
5. Give two examples of physiology adaptation! (20 points)
6. Give two examples of behavioral adaptation! (20 points)

Answer
1. Adaptation is the ability to adjustment/ acclimatization of the organism
with their environmental.
2. To keep their offspring and survive in their environments.
3. Morphology adaptation is the adaptation of the external body tool (morphology) of an
organism to its surround environment; physiology adaptation is the adaptation of the
internal body tools function (physiology) of an organism to its environment, while
behavioral adaptation is the adaptation of an organism attitude or behavior to their
environment.
4. Morphology adaptation: Shape of bird beak is suitable with their food kinds, foot shape
 of birds is suitable with their life ways, and mouth type of insects is suitable with their
life ways.
5. Osmoregulation (regulator for osmosis pressure) of fish, the formation of hemoglobin and
platelets of human with different altitude of their place, work of enzyme of certain
organisms like cellulase in intestine of herbivore.
6. Teak tree fall its leave in dry season to decrease the transpiration, taro is drops water to
decrease the over of water, mimikri of chameleon as the protection.

RANCANGAN PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN

(RPP)
Mata Pelajaran : Biologi
Kelas/ Semester : IX (sebelas)/ 1
Pertemuan :I
Alokasi Waktu : 1 x 40 menit
Standar Kompetensi : 2. Memahami kelangsungan hidup mahluk hidup
Kompetensi Dasar : 2.1. mengidentifikasi kelangsungan hidup mahluk hidup melalui adaptasi,
seleksi alam, dan perkembangbiakan.
Indikator : - menjelaskan perbedaan antara adaptasi morfologi, fisiologi, dan
tingkah laku .
- Menyebutkan contoh dari adaptasi
morfologi, fisiologi, dan tingkah laku.
I. Tujuan Pembelajaran
Setelah menyelesaikanmateri ini, diharapkan siswa mampu:
- Membedakan antara adaptasi morfologi, fisiologi, dan tinkah laku
pada mahluk hidup.
 - Menyebutkan contoh dari adaptasi morfologi, fisiologi, dan
tingkah laku dari mahluk hidup.
II. Materi Pokok
KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP MAHLUK HIDUP
Adaptasi merupakan proses penyesuaian diri makhluk hidup dengan keadaan
lingkungan sekitarnya. Masing-masing individu mempunyai cara yang
berbeda dalam penyesuaian diri dengan lingkungannya, ada yang
mengalami perubahan bentuk tubuh (adapatasi Morfologi), ada yang
mengalami perubahan proses metabolisme tubuh (adaptasi Fisiologi) dan ada
juga yang mengalami perubahan sikap dan tingkah laku (adaptasi tingkah
laku). Adapatasi akan dilakukan oleh makhluk hidup bila keadaan lingkungan
sekitarnya membahayakan atau tidak menguntungkan bagi dirinya, sehingga
perlu untuk menyelamatkan atau mempertahankan kehidupannya.

a. Adaptasi Morfologi

Adalah penyesuaian struktur alat tubuh luar suatu organisme thd

lingkunagn tempat hidupnya.

b. Adaptasi Fisiologi

Adalah penyesuaian fungsi alat tubuh bagian dalam suatu organisme

terhadap lingkungan tempat hidupnya.

c. Adaptasi Tingkah Laku

Adaptasi tingkah laku adalah penyesuaian tingkah laku suatu

organisme terhadap lingkungan tempat hidupnya.

III. Metode
Model : Kooperatif STAD
Metode : Diskusi dan Tanya Jawab
Pendekatan : Konstruktivistik

IV. Langkah Pembelajaran

Pertemuan I
 Jenis Kegiatan (40 menit) Waktu

A. Kegiatan Awal (5 menit)

1. Guru memberikan apresiasi dengan bertanya 3 menit
mengapa paruh burubg berbeda- beda?
2. Guru menyampaikan tujuan pembelajaran. 2 menit
B. Kegiatan Inti (30 menit)
1. Guru menjelaskan materi Adaptasi mahluk
hidup. 10 menit
2. Guru membagi kelas menjadi 3 kelompok 2 menit
dengan pertimbangan tertentu.
3. Guru menentukan siswa yang menjadi orang I, 3 menit
II, III, dst. untuk setiap kelompok dan
menjelaskan peraturan kuis. 12 menit
4. Guru memulai kuis.
5. Guru memberikan penghargaan untuk siswa 3 menit
dan kelompok terbaik berdasarkan hasil kuis.
C. Kegiatan Akhir (5 menit)
1. Guru menutup pelajaran dengan memberi
5 menit
kesimpulan.

V. Media dan Sumber Belajar

- Buku IPA Terpadu untuk SMP IX, Erlangga. - Spidol
- Kuis -
whiteboard
- LCD
- Laptop
VI. Penilaian
Tekhnik penilaian : Tes Tertulis
Bentuk Penilaian : Essai
1. Apa yang dimaksud dengan adaptasi?
2. Apakah perbedaan antara adaptasi morfologi, fisiologi, dan tingkah laku?
3. Berikan 3 contoh dari adaptasi morfologi!
 4. Berikan 3 contoh adaptasi fisiologi!
5. Berikan 3 contoh dari adaptasi tingkah laku!

VII. Petunjuk Penilaian

No. Jawaban Skor
Adaptasi adalah penyesuaian diri mahluk hidup terhadap lingkungannya dan
10
1. dilakukan jika kondisi lingkunagn di sekitarnya tidak menguntungkan.

Adaptasi morfologi adalah penyesuaian struktur alat tubuh luar

20
suatu organisme terhadap lingkunagn tempat hidupnya. Adaptasi
Fisiologi adalah penyesuaian fungsi alat tubuh bagian dalam
2. suatu organisme terhadap lingkungan tempat hidupnya. Adaptasi
tingkah laku adalah penyesuaian tingkah laku suatu organisme
terhadap lingkungan tempat hidupnya

Bentuk paruh burung sesuai dengan jenis makanannya, bentuk kaki burung 10
3. sesuai sengan cara hidupnya, jenis mulut serangga sesuai dengan cara
hidupnya.

Osmoregulasi (mengatur tekanan osmostik) pada ikan, pembentukan 10

hemoglobin dan keeping darah yang berbeda untuk orang- orang yang hidup
4. di daerah dengan ketinggian yang berbeda pula, kerja enzim selolase pada
usus herbivora .

Pohon jati menggugurkan daunnya pada musim kemarau untuk mengurangi

10
5. penguapan, keladi meneteskan air untuk mengurangi kelebihan air, dan
bunglon yang melakukan mimikri.
Total 60

Makassar, 14 Juni 2010

Kepala Sekolah, Guru,

(Prof. Dr. Hj. Nurhayati B, M.Pd) (Aidil Adhani)