(Van Khea’s inequality): Let , ; ( = 1, 2, … , ; = 1, 2, … , ) be positive real numbers.

Suppose that
, , … are positive real numbers satisfying − − ⋯− = 1. Then, we have:

∑ , ,
≤
∏ ∑ , ∏ ,

If − = 1 so we have

, , , , + , + ⋯+ ,
+ + ⋯+ ≥
, , , , + , + ⋯+ ,

If = ; = =⋯= = 1 we have

∑ , ,
≤
∏ ∑ , ∏ ,

Example1: Let , , be positive real numbers satisfy + + = 1. Prove that:

√3
+ + ≥ ; 2≤ ∈ ; ≥2
√ + √ + √ + √ +1

Proof:
We have:

a b c a b c
+ + = + +
√a + kb √b + kc √c + ka √a + kab √b + kbc √c + kca
(a + b + c) 1
≥ =
a + b + c + k(ab + bc + ca) a + b + c + k(ab + bc + ca)
a b c 1
⇒ + + ≥
√a + kb √b + kc √c + ka (a + b + c) + (k − 2)(ab + bc + ca)
a b c 1
⇒ + + ≥
√a + kb √b + kc √c + ka 1 + (k − 2)(ab + bc + ca)
 But for , , ≥ 0 we have
1
ab + bc + ca ≤ (a + b + c) ⇒ 1 + (k − 2)(ab + bc + ca)
3
1 1 1+k
≤ 1 + (k − 2)(a + b + c) = 1 + (k − 2) =
3 3 3
k+1
⇒ 1 + (k − 2)(ab + bc + ca) ≤
3
1 √3
⇒ ≥
1 + (k − 2)(ab + bc + ca) √k + 1
a b c √3
⇒ p +p +p ≥ ;∀ ≥ 2
√a + kb √b + kc √c + ka √k + 1

Example 2: Let , , > 3 Provt that:

1 1 1
+ + + √abc ≥ 7
√a − 3 √b − 3 √c − 3

Proof

We have

1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + = + +
√a − 3 √b − 3 √c − 3 √a − 3. √1. √1
√1. √b − 3. √1 √1. √1. √c − 3
(1 + 1 + 1) 9
≥ =
√a − 3 + 1 + 1 √1 + b − 3 + 1 √1 + 1 + c − 3 (a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1)
1 1 1 9
⇒ + + ≥
√a − 3 √b − 3 √c − 3 (a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1)
From Minkowski’s inequality we have

√abc = (a − 1 + 1)(b − 1 + 1)(c − 1 + 1) ≥ (a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1) + √1.1.1

⇒ √abc ≥ (a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1) + 1
So we can write that:
1 1 1 9
+ + + √abc ≥ + (a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1) + 1
√a − 3 √b − 3 √c − 3 (a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1)
From cauchy’s inequality we have:
9
+ (a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1)
(a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1)
 9
≥2 (a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1) = 2√9 = 6
(a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1)
9
⇒ + (a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1) + 1 ≥ 6 + 1 = 7
(a − 1)(b − 1)(c − 1)
Therefore we get:
1 1 1
+ + + √abc ≥ 7
√a − 3 √b − 3 √c − 3
Equality holds for a = b = c = 4 ។