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So now the question is what are the standard computer motherboard parts that are present in the
machines in use today. Knowing the basics of these parts will help you solve many computer
motherboard problems that may arise from time to time, and also if you have to build a computer. The
layout and the manner in which the computer motherboard parts are placed is known as the form factor.
The shape of the case of the computer is also decided by the form factor. To standardize the manner in
which computers are assembled across the world, there are certain fixed models for deciding the form
factor. Given below is a list that will throw light on what all functions the parts of a motherboard performs.

 

Normally, the number of PCI slots on the motherboard could be anywhere between 1 and 6. The
peripherals like graphics cards, sound cards, ethernet cards, modems and DVD recorders are attached
here, and the slots are 32 bit slots.



This socket is the home for your computer's processor. There are 2 types of sockets that are commonly
used by the major processors (Intel and AMD), these are Pin Grid Array (PGA) and the Land Grid Array
(LGA).

 



When you shut your system down, your data is stored in a battery on the motherboard. This computer
motherboard battery is placed inside the battery compartment that is present on the surface of your
motherboard.





 


These are the slots that hold the RAM chips of your computer. They are usually of two types - DIMM
(Double Inline Memory Module) and SIMM (Single Inline Memory Module). Memory chips of different
sizes can be attached here.

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The motherboard requires the power to function properly and this power supply comes from the main
power connector. There are usually two main types of connectors - 20 + 4 pins (when there are two
connectors on the same motherboard), and the 24 pins.

Apart from these computer motherboard components, the following are computer motherboard parts that
have specific purposes for connecting to hardware devices. These connectors show up on the back panel
of the computer, once the entire machine is assembled and mounted.

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Every motherboard contains two PS/2 connectors, one for the keyboard and one for the mouse.

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There are many of these ports across the back panel. They are used for connecting external devices
like USB flash drives, external hard disks, ipods, mp3 players and cameras.

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This port is mostly used to connect the devices that are used for gaming purposes, like joysticks.



This port is used to connect the computer monitor of the machine to the back panel.

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Your sound devices like headphones and mics are connected here.

There are, as stated, many components of a motherboard, and each of them plays an important
role in the functioning of a computer.

The 
%"%%, abbreviated as ' , is essentially the motherboard's

software. It identifies hardware (such as your display or your hard disk), it configures them, and
it checks to make sure they are always working. It is possible to acess the BIOS during start-up.
By reconfiguring BIOS, you can change the way BIOS reads and processes the hardware in
your computer. Nowadays, BIOS use a flash memory chip and are called flash BIOS.

The 
%, abbreviate as the commonly known term, , is the computer's
microprocessor. The motherboard uses the CPU in order for it to communicate with the rest of
the PC. The CPU is made up of two important components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALC),
which performs mathematical operations and other logical processes, and the control unit (CU),
which takes part in regulating the activity of a PC. The most common types of CPUs are AMD
and Intel. Most people know them simply as "processors".

The are the third main component of a motherboard. Chipsets have a  (
 and a% (. They assist in the basic functions of the different components with
which they communicate. The north-bridge communicates with the CPU, the PCI bus, and AGP,
etc. The south-bridge controls I/O functions like the IDE channels, audio, serial, et cetera.
Nowadays, motherboard have two large chipsets. In the past, motherboards instead had a
larger number of smaller chipsets.

The last major component of a motherboard is its
. This lets the user connect things
like their hard drives, optical drives, RAM, peripheral devices and other such hardware. On the
left side, it has slots where you can insert the connections to your keyboard, mouse, monitor,
USB, modem, etc.