Scribd Logo
Hochladen

Willkommen bei Scribd!

  • Rosenzweig 1994 0349

    Hochgeladen von

    Particle Beam Physics Lab
    3 Ansichten6 Seiten

    Originaltitel

    rosenzweig 1994 0349

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Verfügbare Formate

    PDF oder online auf Scribd lesen

    Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

    Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

    Dieses Dokument melden

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Als PDF herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    3 Ansichten6 Seiten

    Rosenzweig 1994 0349

    Hochgeladen von

    Particle Beam Physics Lab

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Als PDF herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    von 6
    PHYSICAL REVIEW E VOLUME 50, NUMBER 1 JULY 1994 ‘Transverse equilibria and luminosity enhancement in linear collider beam-beam collisions J.B. Rosenzweig Department of Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angele, California 90024 Pisin Chen. ‘Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, Calfornia 94309 (Received 28 March 1994) It has been observed in simulations of the beam-beam interaction in linear colliders that a near- >1) [P. Chen and K. Yokoya, Phys. Rev. D 38, 987 (1988); in Frontiers of Partile Beams: Intensity Limitations, edited by M. Dienes, Lecture Notes in Physics Vol. 400 Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992), p. 415]. In this state the beam transverse density distributions are peaked at center, with long tails, We present here an analytical model of the Maxwell-Viasov equilibrium approached by the beams, that of a generalized Bennett pinch {W. H. Bennett, Phys. Rev. 48, 890 (1934); 98, 1584 (19S5)] which develops through collisionless damping due to the strong nonlinearity of the beam-beam interaction. In order to calculate the equilibrium pinched beam size, an estimation of the rms emittance growth is made which ‘takes into account the elects ofthe intial linear rise ofthe focusing forces, and of phase-space mismatch luring the beam-beam collision. This pinched beam size is used to derive the luminosity enhancement factors whose scaling a a function of D and thermal factor A=d, /B* is in agreement with the simula- tion results, and explain the previously noted cubic relationship between round and flat beam enhance- ‘ment factors, The implications for calculation of differential luminosity, beamstrahlung spectra and as- sociated coherent beam-beam radiation effects are discussed. PACS numbers): 29.27.—a 1, INTRODUCTION The calculation of the luminosity enhancement of electron-positron linear collider beam-beam collisions due to the mutual strong focusing, or disruption, of the beams has been traditionally calculated (1] by use of particle-i- cell computer codes. These numerical calculations solve for electromagnetic fields and the motion of the particles which generate these fields self-consistently. The emer- gence of near-equilibrium “pinch-confined” transverse beam profiles in the limit that the disruption parameter 2Nr0, ylo, Fo, 10,5 Daye ; a is much greater than unity has been noted; in this regime the beam particles undergo multiple betatron oscillations during the collision. In the above expression c,, are the transverse rms beam sizes, 0, is the rms bunch length, NV is the number of particles per bunch, and 7’ is the beam particle energy normalized to the rest energy, and the spatial beam distributions are assumed to be Gaussians It is proposed here that these near-equilibrium states are approached through collisionless damping due to mixing and filamentation in phase space, in analogy to a similar phenomena found in self-focusing beams in plasmas (3). ‘The expected luminosity enhancement obtained in this state is calculated in this paper. As understanding the approach to this equilibrium entails examining nonlinear phase-space dynamics, approximations are necessary, especially with regards to the calculation of the emittance 0 ssrowth induced by filamentation. A model for this emit- tance growth, based partially on Anderson's methods which were introduced for the study of the theory of space-charge-induced emittance growth [4], is employed, which then allows a calculation of luminosity enhance- ment factors that is in excellent agreement with the values obtained by simulation. The equilibrium states we are presently examining are of the type known as Maxwell-Vlasov equilibria, which are obtained by looking for a time independent solution of the Vlasov equation describing the beam’s transverse phase space, with the forces obtained selfconsistently from the Maxwell equations using the beam charge and current profiles. We begin by analyzing a limiting case, that of @ flat, or sheet, beam (o,, >>0,,), as these are the simplest, and most likely to be found at the interaction point of linear collider. For the purpose of calculation ‘and comparison to simulations (1] the beams are assumed to be uniform in x and z (at least locally), and have identi- cal profiles in y. Tn this way, the model of an equilibrium state can be constructed II, MAXWELL-VLASOV EQUILIBRIA In order to describe a thermally equilibrated, self: pinched state of the beam, we begin by writing the verti- Cal force on an ultrarelativistc particle due to the electric and magnetic fields of the opposing beam as F,W)= (1+ BMQE, =298, = ~8ne*%, fYy"idy" , a 526 2 ‘TRANSVERSE EQUILIBRIA AND LUMINOSITY ENHANCEMENT .... 327 where ¥, normalized by [*,YUyldy=I, describes the vertical beam spatial “distribution function, and 2, =N /210,0,, is the sheet beam surface charge density. ‘We search for separable solutions to the time indepen- dent Viasov equation a ie, solutions of the form 'Y(pIP(p,).. This form isin fact approached in ‘rue thermal equilibrium, as can be verified by substitu- tion of a Maxwellian momentum distribution, and this is illustrated below. In order for this equilibrium to be ap- proached through phase-space mixing, more than one honlinear vertical betatron oscillation must occur during collision, D, =4zr,3,0? /0, > 27 (3,5) ‘The solution to the momentum equation dP B AP By p “ Spe ymPPPP) derived from separation of Eq. (3) is a Rep Pep = ple | F 6 which is the Maxwell-Boltzmann form corresponding to 4 thermal equilibrium. ‘The separation constant 22=ym /o?, with o2 = (p*), is inversely proportional to the temperature of the system. The solution to the corre- sponding coordinate equation ay Bt ~—sets,y09 [reid derived from Eq. (3) is Yo) sech*ay), a=4reZ,22 . m This profile is the one-dimensional analog to the Bennett, —— Lesage S7 ITT, Smear etn, sayit etn dy dd where fp is the bunch collision rate of the linear collid- cr. For the pinch-confined case, the luminosity integral becomes aN St 70, The luminosity enhancement factor, which is defined to ity of the pinch-confined col- lisions to the undisrupted case, is, from Eqs. (11) and (12), = heT are L «a a3) profile found in a cylindrically symmetric Maxwell- Vlasov equilibrium [2,3]. ‘The separation constant A? still remains to be calculat- cd in this treatment. To obtain an initial estimate, one ccan use the fact that the distribution function at the ori- gin in phase space is stationary, by symmetry, that is, Af /ar=0 at (y,p,)=(0,0), and therefore f(0,0) is a con- stant of the motion. Assuming an initial bi-Gaussian di tribution in phase space, and equating its peak density in phase space to that of the Bennett-type profile found ‘upon equilibration, we have 7 1__ 20]! 42 foo0=1oR0)= 5 [2 Res, We then obtain, solving diretl for a, tna, J °) é With this relation we can now compare the luminosity that comes about by the transition to a pinch confined Bennett-like state with that of the initial unpinched Gaussian beam. At this point, we make allowance for the fact that the beams are not uniform in z and redefine, for the purpose of luminosity calculation, the surface charge density to be its rms value: —t_ Vir0,0, B= (3E2 ao ‘The luminosity enhancement due to pinch confinement can be calculated by evaluating the luminosity integrals of the two cases, assuming 4,,=0,/62, <1, where BL, =02,,/e,, are the depth of foc in the transverse di- ‘mensions in the interaction region, and D,

    Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen