Math 241 Project:

Double Integrals Over

General Regions

Group: Andrew Manalastas

Sean Mitchell
Drew LaPlante

Date: May 11, 2007

Instructor: Dr. Linda Patton
Math 241-03 Andrew Manalastas
Dr. Linda Patton Sean Mitchell
Drew LaPlante
Calculus 4 Project – Double Integrals Over General Regions

𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑙:

𝜋

cos max 𝑥 2 , 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
0

𝑊𝑕𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑥, 𝑦 , max 𝑥 2 , 𝑦 2 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑠 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 2 .

𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
Before attempting to compute the integral given, we must first recall some facts which
enable us to better properly set up the requried steps to reach a correct solution.

We know from Math 141 and 142 that the definite integral of a single variable gives us the
area over a continuous region defined by 𝑓(𝑥), where 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏.

Now for double integrals, we want to be able to integrate a function 𝑓 not just over
rectangles but also over regions 𝐷 of more general shape defined by 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦). 𝐷 is a bounded
region, which means that 𝐷 be can be enclosed in a rectangular region 𝑅.

Referring back to the integral given to us to compute, it is seen from the limits of
integration that the rectangular region 𝑅 is bounded by the intervals: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋 , 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝜋
Consequently, those limits represent a square.

This means the region 𝐷 defined by cos 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑥 2 , 𝑦 2 is enclosed by the square region
which we will call 𝑆.

However, since the function is dependent on whether 𝑥 or 𝑦 is the larger value, the region 𝑆
must be split into two regions 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 in order to define where 𝑥 and 𝑦 are maximums
within 𝑆. Because 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 are Type 1 and Type 2 regions, respectively,

We must use the property of:

If 𝑆 = 𝐷1 ∪ 𝐷2 , then

𝒇 𝒙, 𝒚 𝒅𝑨 = 𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) 𝒅𝑨 + 𝒇 𝒙, 𝒚 𝒅𝑨
𝑺 𝑫𝟏 𝑫𝟐
Math 241-03 Andrew Manalastas
Dr. Linda Patton Sean Mitchell
Drew LaPlante
Calculus 4 Project – Double Integrals Over General Regions

𝑅𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑆 𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑙 cos max 𝑥 2 , 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥:

0

𝑥 2 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝐷2
By taking a close look at the region 𝑆, we can see that max 𝑥 2 , 𝑦 2 =
𝑦 2 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝐷1

Therefore:

𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐱 𝟐 , 𝑦≤𝑥
𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐦𝐚𝐱 𝐱 𝟐 , 𝐲 𝟐 =
𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒚𝟐 , 𝑦≥𝑥
Math 241-03 Andrew Manalastas
Dr. Linda Patton Sean Mitchell
Drew LaPlante
Calculus 4 Project – Double Integrals Over General Regions

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
Using the property:

𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝐴 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) 𝑑𝐴 + 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝐴
𝑆 𝐷1 𝐷2

And taking into account :

cos x 2 , 𝑦≤𝑥
cos max x 2 , y 2 =
cos 𝑦 2 , 𝑦≥𝑥

We can rewrite the double integral as:

cos(max) 𝑑𝐴 = cos(max) 𝑑𝐴 + cos(max) 𝑑𝐴

𝑆 𝐷1 𝐷2

Or equivalently:

𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝐦𝐚𝐱{𝐱 𝟐 , 𝐲 𝟐 }) 𝒅𝑨 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝐲 𝟐 ) 𝒅𝑨 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝐱 𝟐 ) 𝒅𝑨

𝑺 𝑫𝟏 𝑫𝟐

And from what we have defined 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 to be from the graph, we must determine the
limits of integration for each of those regions.
Math 241-03 Andrew Manalastas
Dr. Linda Patton Sean Mitchell
Drew LaPlante
Calculus 4 Project – Double Integrals Over General Regions

For the double integral:

cos(y 2 ) 𝑑𝐴
𝐷1

We see that we must integrate with respect to 𝑥 first because integrating cos(𝑦 2 ) is an
impossible task. With that considered, the limits are represented by the intervals 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑦
and 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝜋 in the 𝐷1 region.

Thus, the double integral becomes:

𝒚=𝝅 𝒙=𝒚

𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒚𝟐 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒚
𝒚=𝟎 𝒙=𝟎

Evaluation:
𝑦 =𝜋 𝑥=𝑦

cos 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 =
𝑦 =0 𝑥=0

𝑦 =𝜋 𝑥=𝑦

cos 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 =
𝑦 =0 𝑥=0

𝑦=𝜋
𝑦
cos 𝑦 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 =
0
𝑦=0

𝑦 =𝜋

cos 𝑦 2 𝑦 − cos 𝑦 2 0 𝑑𝑦 =
𝑦=0

𝑦 =𝜋

cos 𝑦 2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 =
𝑦 =0
Math 241-03 Andrew Manalastas
Dr. Linda Patton Sean Mitchell
Drew LaPlante
Calculus 4 Project – Double Integrals Over General Regions

U-Substitution:

𝑑𝑢
𝑢 = 𝑦 2 , 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑦𝑑𝑦, 𝑑𝑦 =
2𝑦
𝑦 =𝜋
𝑑𝑢
cos 𝑢 𝑦 =
2𝑦
𝑦 =0

𝑦 =𝜋
1
cos 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 =
2
𝑦=0

1 𝜋
sin 𝑢 =
2 0
1 𝜋
sin 𝑦 2 =
2 0
1
sin(𝜋 2 − sin 02 =
2

𝟏
𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝝅𝟐 )
𝟐
Math 241-03 Andrew Manalastas
Dr. Linda Patton Sean Mitchell
Drew LaPlante
Calculus 4 Project – Double Integrals Over General Regions

For the double integral:

cos(x 2 ) 𝑑𝐴
𝐷2

We see that we must integrate with respect to 𝑦 first because integrating cos(𝑥 2 ) is an
impossible task. With that considered, the limits are represented by the intervals 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥
and 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋 in the 𝐷2 region.

Thus, the double integral becomes:

𝒙=𝝅 𝒚=𝒙

𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝒙
𝒙=𝟎 𝒚=𝟎

Evaluation:
𝑥=𝜋 𝑦 =𝑥

cos 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥=0 𝑦 =0

𝑥=𝜋 𝑦 =𝑥

cos 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥=0 𝑦 =0

𝑥=𝜋
𝑥
cos 𝑥 2 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 =
0
𝑥=0

𝑥=𝜋

cos 𝑥 2 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 2 0 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥=0

𝑥=𝜋

cos 𝑥 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥=0
Math 241-03 Andrew Manalastas
Dr. Linda Patton Sean Mitchell
Drew LaPlante
Calculus 4 Project – Double Integrals Over General Regions

U-Substitution:

𝑑𝑢
𝑢 = 𝑥 2 , 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥, 𝑑𝑥 =
2𝑥
𝑥=𝜋
𝑑𝑢
cos 𝑢 𝑥 =
2𝑥
𝑥=0

𝑥=𝜋
1
cos 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 =
2
𝑥=0

1 𝜋
sin 𝑢 =
2 0
1 𝜋
sin 𝑥 2 =
2 0
1
sin(𝜋 2 − sin 02 =
2

𝟏
𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝝅𝟐 )
𝟐
Math 241-03 Andrew Manalastas
Dr. Linda Patton Sean Mitchell
Drew LaPlante
Calculus 4 Project – Double Integrals Over General Regions

Conclusion:

At this point we have computed the volume of each region 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 within the region 𝑆.
For reiteration, we state again that the entire region is the combination or union of 𝐷1 and
𝐷2 , or simply put:

𝑺 = 𝑫𝟏 ∪ 𝑫𝟐

And according to that property, the following property must also be true:

𝒇 𝒙, 𝒚 𝒅𝑨 = 𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) 𝒅𝑨 + 𝒇 𝒙, 𝒚 𝒅𝑨
𝑺 𝑫𝟏 𝑫𝟐

But in order to differentiate where 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 start, we had to recognize where 𝑥 and 𝑦 are
maximums in 𝑆. From careful inspection of the graph, it was clear the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 was the
boundary separating 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 , using the fact that 𝑥 is a max below the line and 𝑦 is a max
above the line.

This lead us to establish the limits of integration for 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 , and consequently allowed
for the computation of the volumes for 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 :

Volume of 𝐷1 :

𝟏
𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝝅𝟐 )
𝟐

Volume of 𝐷2 :

𝟏
𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝝅𝟐 )
𝟐

And since:

cos(max{x 2 , y 2 }) 𝑑𝐴 = cos(y 2 ) 𝑑𝐴 + cos(x 2 ) 𝑑𝐴

𝐷 𝐷1 𝐷2

𝑇𝑕𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑥 2 , 𝑦 2 𝑖𝑠:

1 1
cos(max{x 2 , y 2 }) 𝑑𝐴 = sin(π2 ) + sin(π2 ) = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝝅𝟐 )
2 2
𝐷