What you should know: The Body In Action

Movement

General
State the 3 functions of the skeleton
Describe the range of movements
allowed by a ball and socket joint
and by a hinge joint
State the functions of ligaments and
cartilage at a joint
State what bone is composed of
State what attaches muscles to
bones
Describe how movement is brought
about by muscle contractions
Credit
Describe the structure of a synovial
joint and state the functions of its
parts
State that bone is formed by living
cells
Explain why tendons are inelastic
Explain the need for a pair of
opposing muscles at a joint

The Need for Energy

General Credit
State the effects of the imbalance Describe the mechanism of
between energy input and output breathing in humans
State which gases are absorbed and Explain the function of cilia,
released during breathing cartilage and mucus in the trachea
and bronchi
Describe the internal structure of Describe gas exchange between the
the lungs air sacs and the surrounding blood
vessels
Identify the four chambers of the Describe the features which make
heart lungs efficient gas exchange
structures
Describe the path of blood flow Explain the function of haemoglobin
through the heart and its associated in the transport of oxygen
blood vessels
Describe the positions and functions Describe the features of a capillary
of the heart valves network which allow efficient gas
exchange
Explain the difference in the
thickness of the walls of the
ventricles
State how the heart obtains its own
blood supply
State the vessels which blood
leaves the heart in, flows through
and returns to the heart in
State what the pulse indicates
Describe the function of red blood
cells and plasma in the transport of
respiratory gases and food
Describe gas exchange between
body cells and the surrounding
capillaries