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[1][2]
It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at 38,202 sq mi (99,200 km²) and 3rd
largest by population. Close to 85% of the population lives in villages. Almost 58% of
Biharis are below the age of 25.[3] which is the highest proportion in India.
Bihar lies mid-way between the humid West Bengal in the east and the sub humid Uttar
Pradesh in the west which provides it with a transitional position in respect of climate,
economy and culture. It is bounded by the country of Nepal to the north and by Jharkhand to
the south. The Bihar plain is divided into two parts by the river Ganges which flows through
the middle from west to east. Bihar has notified forest area of 6,764.14 km²,[4] which is 6.8%
of its geographical area. Hindi and Urdu are the official languages of the state, whilst the
majority of the people speak one of the Bihari languages — Angika, Bhojpuri, Magadhi,
Maithili, and Bajjika.
Ancient Bihar (which consisted of Anga (East Bihar and some parts of Bengal),
Videha/Mithila (north-eastern Bihar and some parts of northern Bengal), Magadha (South
Bihar) and Vaishali (Bihar)) was a centre of power, learning and culture in ancient and
classical India.[5] From Magadha arose India's first great empire, the Maurya empire as well
as one of the world's most widely adhered-to religions, Buddhism.[6] Magadha empires,
notably under the Maurya and Gupta dynasties, unified large parts of South Asia under a
central rule.[7] Its capital Patna, earlier known as Pataliputra, was an important centre of
Indian civilization. Nalanda was a centre of learning established by the 5th century CE in
Bihar.
Today, Bihar lags behind the other Indian states in human, economic development terms,[8][9]
[10]
Economists and social scientists claim that this is a direct result of the skewed policies of
the central government, such as the freight equalisation policy,[11][12] its apathy towards Bihar,
[3][13][14]
lack of Bihari sub-nationalism (resulting in no spokesperson for the state),[12][15][16] and
the Permanent Settlement of 1793 by the British East India Company.[12] The current state
government has however made significant strides in improving governance.[17]
Contents
[hide]
• 1 Recent turnaround of image
• 2 Etymology of the name
• 3 History
• 4 Geography and climate
○ 4.1 Geography
○ 4.2 Climate
• 5 Flora and fauna
• 6 Demographics
• 7 Religions
• 8 Government and administration
• 9 Politics
• 10 Economy
• 11 Demands for smaller states
• 12 Education
• 13 Culture
○ 13.1 Language and literature
○ 13.2 Arts and crafts
○ 13.3 Performing arts
○ 13.4 Cuisine
○ 13.5 Religion
○ 13.6 Major Communities
○ 13.7 Festivals
○ 13.8 Cinema
• 14 Media
• 15 Transportation
• 16 References
• 17 Further reading
• 18 External links
Gautama Buddha undertaking extreme ascetic practices before his enlightenment on the bank
of river Falgu in Bodh Gaya, Bihar.
The greatest Indian empire, the Mauryan empire, originated from Magadha, with its capital at
Patliputra (modern Patna) in 325 BC. The Mauryan Emperor, Ashoka, who was born in
Patliputra (Patna) is believed to be one of the greatest rulers in the history of India and the
world.[33][34] According to indologist A.L. Basham, the author of the book The Wonder that
was India,
Bihar remained an important place of power, culture and education during the next one
thousand years. The Gupta Empire, which again originated from Magadha in 240 CE, is
referred to as the Golden Age of India in science, mathematics, astronomy, religion and
Indian philosophy. The peace and prosperity created under leadership of Guptas enabled the
pursuit of scientific and artistic endeavors. Historians place the Gupta dynasty alongside with
the Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty and Roman Empire as a model of a classical civilization.
The capital of Gupta empire was Pataliputra, present day Patna. The Vikramshila and
Nalanda universities were among the oldest and best centres of education in ancient India.
Some writers believe the period between the 400 CE and 1000 CE saw gains by Hinduism at
the expense of Buddhism.[36][37][38][39] The Hindu kings gave much grants to the Buddhist
monks for building Brahmaviharas. A National Geographic edition[40] reads, "The essential
tenets of Buddhism and Hinduism arose from similar ideas best described in the Upanishads,
a set of Hindu treatises set down in India largely between the eighth and fourth centuries
B.C."
Kalidasa's Sanskrit play Abhijñānaśākuntala is one of the Legacy of the Gupta Empire.
The Buddhism of Magadha was swept away by the Muslim invasion under Muhammad Bin
Bakhtiar Khilji, during which many of the viharas and the famed universities of Nalanda and
Vikramshila were destroyed, and thousands of Buddhist monks were massacred in 12th
century CE. [41] [42] [43] [44][45][46] In the years 1553–56 Afghan dynasty ruler 'Adil Shah' took the
reigns of North-India and made 'Chunar' his capital. He deputed 'Hemu' the Hindu General,
also known as 'Hemu Vikramaditya' as his Prime Minister and Chief-of-Army. Hemu fought
and won 22 battles continuously against Afghan rebels and Akbar's forces at Agra and Delhi
and established 'Hindu Raj' in Delhi, after a foreign rule of 300 years. Hemu, who was
bestowed the title of 'Samrat' at Purana Quila, Delhi was then known as 'Samrat Hem
Chandra Vikramaditya'. Hemu lost his life while fighting in the 'Second Battle of Panipat'
against Akbar's forces on Nov. 7,1556. During 1557–1576, Akbar, the Mughal emperor,
annexed Bihar and Bengal to his empire.[47] Thus, the medieval period was mostly one of
anonymous provincial existence.
The tenth and the last Guru of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh was born in Patna. After the
Battle of Buxar (1764), the British East India Company obtained the diwani rights (rights to
administer, and collect revenue or tax) for Bihar, Bengal and Orissa. From this point, Bihar
remained a part the Bengal Presidency of the British Raj until 1912, when the province of
Bihar and Orissa was carved out as a separate province. Bihar now celebrates its birthday as
Bihar Diwas on 22 March from 2010. In 1935, certain portions of Bihar were reorganised
into the separate province of Orissa.
Babu Kunwar Singh of Jagdishpur and his army, as well as countless other persons from
Bihar, contributed to the India's First War of Independence (1857), also called the Sepoy
Mutiny by some historians. Resurgence in the history of Bihar came during the struggle for
India's independence.
Rajendra Prasad (Sitting left) & Anugrah Narayan Sinha (sitting right) during 1917
Satyagraha movement
It was from Bihar that Mahatma Gandhi launched his pioneering civil-disobedience
movement, Champaran Satyagraha. Bhumihar Brahmins in Champaran had earlier revolted
against indigo cultivation in 1914 (at Pipra) and 1916 (Turkaulia) and Pandit Raj Kumar
Shukla took Mahatma Gandhi to Champaran and the Champaran Satyagraha began.[48] Raj
Kumar Shukla drew the attention of Mahatma Gandhi to the exploitation of the peasants by
European indigo planters.Champaran Satyagraha received the spontaneous support from
many Bihari nationalists like Rajendra Prasad who became the first President of India and
Anugrah Narayan Sinha who ultimately became the first Deputy Chief Minister cum Finance
Minister of Bihar.[49]
In the northern and central regions of Bihar, peasants movement was an important
consequence of the Freedom Movement. The Kisan Sabha movement started in Bihar under
the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati who had formed in 1929, the Bihar Provincial
Kisan Sabha (BPKS), in order to mobilise peasant grievances against the zamindari attacks
on their occupancy rights.[50] Gradually the peasant movement intensified and spread across
the rest of India. All these radical developments on the peasant front culminated in the
formation of the All India Kisan Sabha (AIKS) at the Lucknow session of the Indian National
Congress in April 1936 with Swami Sahajanand Saraswati elected as its first President.[51]
This movement aimed at overthrowing the feudal (zamindari) system instituted by the
British. It was led by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati and his followers Pandit Yamuna Karjee,
Rahul Sankrityayan, Pandit Karyanand Sharma, Baba Nagarjun and others. Pandit Yamuna
Karjee along with Rahul Sankritayan and a few others started publishing a Hindi weekly
Hunkar from Bihar, in 1940. Hunkar later became the mouthpiece of the peasant movement
and the agrarian movement in Bihar and was instrumental in spreading it.
Bihar made an immense contribution to the Freedom Struggle, with outstanding leaders like
Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Sri Krishna Sinha, Dr.Anugrah Narayan
Sinha, Sri. Krishna Ballabh Sahay, Brajkishore Prasad, Mulana Mazharul Haque,
Jayaprakash Narayan, Thakur Jugal Kishore Sinha, Satyendra Narayan Sinha, Ram Dulari
Sinha, Basawon Singh, Rameshwar Prasad Sinha, Yogendra Shukla, Jaglal Mahto, Baikuntha
Shukla, Sheel Bhadra Yajee, Pandit Yamuna Karjee and many others who worked for India's
freedom relentlessly and helped in the upliftment of the underprivileged masses.[52] Khudiram
Bose, Upendra Narayan Jha "Azad", Prafulla Chaki and Baikuntha Shukla were active in
revolutionary movement in Bihar.
On January 15, 1934, Bihar was devastated by an earthquake of magnitude 8.4. Some 30,000
people were said to have died in the quake.
The state of Jharkhand was carved out of Bihar in the year 2000.[53] The 2005 Bihar assembly
elections ended 15 years of continuous RJD rule in the state, giving way to NDA led by
Nitish Kumar.
Bihari migrant workers have faced violence and prejudice in many parts of India, such as
Maharashtra, Punjab and Assam.[54][55][56]
See also: 2008 attacks on North Indians in Maharashtra
Map of Bihar
Topographic map
4 305,525 11
r r Patna
5 Darbhanga Darbhanga 267,348 12 Danapur Patna 131,176
6 Biharsarif Nalanda 232,071 13 Sasaram Rohtas 141,176
[edit] Religions
Hinduism is practiced by 83.2% of the population.[65] Islam is practiced by 16.5% of the
population, and other religions make up less than 0.5%.[65]
[edit] Government and administration
Main articles: Government of Bihar and Administration in Bihar
See also: Divisions of Bihar and Districts of Bihar
[edit] Politics
See also: Political parties in Bihar
Main article: Politics of Bihar
Dr. Rajendra Prasad, 1st President of India.
Dr Sri Krishna Sinha (Right) with Dr Anugrah Narayan Sinha (Left) during swearing-in
ceremony of independent Bihar's first government on 15th of August,1947
Jayaprakash Narayan called for Sampurna Kranti - total revolution - at a historic rally of
students at Patna's Gandhi Maidan on the 5th of June, 1975.
Bihar was an important part of India's struggle for independence. Gandhi became the mass
leader only after the Champaran Satyagraha that he launched on the repeated request of a
local leader, Raj kumar Shukla, he was supported by great illumanaries like Rajendra Prasad,
Sri Krishna Sinha, Anugrah Narayan Sinha and Brajkishore Prasad.
The first Bihar Governments in 1937 and 1946 were led by two eminent leaders Sri Babu
(Dr. Sri Krishna Sinha) and Anugrah Babu (Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha) who were men of
unimpeachable integrity and great public spirit.[67] They ran an exemplary government in
Bihar.[67] Bihar was rated as the best administered among the states in the country at that time.
[68]
Even after independence, when India was falling into an autocratic rule during the regime of
Indira Gandhi, the main thrust to the movement to hold elections came from Bihar under the
leadership of Jayaprakash Narayan. The airport of Patna is also named after him. This
resulted in two things:
1. Bihar gained an anti-establishment image. The establishment oriented press often
projected the state as indiscipline and anarchy.
2. As a result,the identity of Bihar, representing a glorious past, was lost. Its voice often
used to get lost in the din of regional clamor of other states, specially the linguistic
states like Uttar pradesh, Madhya pradesh etc.
Since the regional identity was slowly getting sidelined, its place was taken up by caste based
politics, power initially being in the hands of the Kayastha, Rajput, Brahmin and Bhumihar
Brahmins. After Independence, the power was shared by the two great Gandhians Dr. Sri
Krishna Sinha, who later became the first chief minister of Bihar and Dr. Anugrah Narayan
Sinha, who decidedly was next to him in the cabinet and served as the first deputy chief
minister cum Finance Minister of Bihar.In the late 60s, the death of Mr. Lalit Narayan
Mishra, the Indian Railway minister (who was killed by a hand grenade attack for which
Central leadership is blamed most of the time) pronounced the end of indigenous work
oriented mass leaders. For two decades, the Congress ruled the state with the help of puppet
chief ministries hand in glove with the central government (Mrs. Indira Gandhi) ignoring the
welfare of the people of the state. It was the time when a prominent leader like Satyendra
Narayan Sinha took sides with the Janata Party and deserted congress from where his
political roots originated, following the ideological differences with the congress. Idealism
did assert itself in the politics from time to time, viz, 1977 when a wave defeated the
entrenched Congress Party and then again in 1989 when Janata Dal came to power on an anti
corruption wave. In between, the socialist movement tried to break the stranglehold of the
status quoits under the leadership of Mahamaya Prasad Sinha and Karpoori Thakur.
Unfortunately, this could not flourish, partly due to the impractical idealism of these leaders
and partly due to the machinations of the central leaders of the Congress Party who felt
threatened by a large politically aware state. Communist Party in Bihar was formed in 1939.
The Communist movement in Bihar was led by veteran communist leaders like the venerable
Pandit Karyanand Sharma, Indradeep Sinha, Chandrashekhar Singh, Sunil Mukherjee,
Jagannath Sarkar, Rahul sanskritayan, Karyanand Sharma and others.,[67]
Communist Party in Bihar was a formidable force. They were in the forefront of all the
progressive movements in Bihar. It was Communist Party of Bihar headed by Jagannath
Sarkar fought against the "total revolution" of Jaya Prakash Narain.
Janata Dal came to power in the state in 1990 on the back of its victory at the national stage
in 1989. Lalu Prasad Yadav became Chief Minister after winning the race of legislative party
leadership by a slender margin against Ram Sundar Das, a former chief minister from the
Janata Party and close to eminent Janata Party leaders like Chandrashekhar and S N Sinha.
Later, Lalu Prasad Yadav gained popularity with the masses through a series of popular and
populist measures. The principled socialists, Nitish Kumar included, gradually left him and
Lalu Prasad Yadav by 1995, was both Chief Minister as well as the President of his party,
Rashtriya Janata Dal. He was a charismatic leader who had the people's support. But he
couldn't bring the derailed wagon of development of the state onto the track. When corruption
charges got serious, he quit the post of CM but anointed his wife as the CM and ruled through
proxy. In this period, the administration deteriorated quickly.
By 2004, 14 years after's Lalu's victory, The Economist magazine said that "Bihar [had]
become a byword for the worst of India, of widespread and inescapable poverty, of corrupt
politicians indistinguishable from mafia-dons they patronise, caste-ridden social order that
has retained the worst feudal cruelties".[69] In 2005, the World Bank believed that issues faced
by the state was "enormous" because of "persistent poverty, complex social stratification,
unsatisfactory infrastructure and weak governance".[70]
In 2005, as disaffection reached a crescendo among the masses including the middle classes,
the RJD was voted out of power and Lalu Prasad Yadav lost an election to a coalition headed
by his previous ally and now rival Nitish Kumar. Despite the separation of financially richer
Jharkhand, Bihar has actually seen more positive growth in recent years under his leadership.
Currently, there are two main political formations: the NDA which comprises Janata Dal and
Bharatiya Janata Party and the Rashtriya Janata Dal led coalition which also has the Indian
National Congress. There are myriad other political formations. Ram Vilas Paswan led Lok
Janshakti Party is a constituent of the UPA at the centre, but does not see eye to eye with Lalu
Prasad Yadav's RJD in Bihar. Bihar People's Party is a small political formation in the
northern regions. The Communist Party of India had a strong presence in Bihar at one time,
but is weakened now. The CPM and Forward Bloc have a minor presence, along with the
other extreme Left.
[edit] Economy
Gross State Domestic
Product
Year
(millions of Indian
Rupees)[71]
1980 73,530
1985 142,950
1990 264,290
1995 244,830
2000 469,430
710,060
2005
[72]
A village market
Bihar has significant levels of production for mango, guava, litchi, pineapple, brinjal,
cauliflower, bhindi, and cabbage in India.[81] Despite the states leading role in food
production, investment in irrigation and other agriculture facilities has been inadequate in the
past. Historically, the sugar and vegetable oil industries were flourishing sectors of Bihar.
Until the mid fifties, 25% of India's sugar output was from Bihar. Dalmianagar was a large
agro - industrial town. There have been attempts to industrialize the state between 1950 and
1980: an oil refinery in Barauni, a motor scooter plant at Fatuha, and a power plant at
Muzaffarpur. However, these were forced to shut down due to central government policy
which neutralized the strategic advantages of Bihar. Hajipur, near Patna, remains a major
industrial town in the state, linked to the capital city through the Ganges bridge and good
road infrastructure.
The state's debt was estimated at 77% of GDP by 2007.[82] The Finance Ministry has given
top priority to create investment opportunities for big industrial houses like Reliance. Further
developments have taken place in the growth of small industries, improvements in IT
infrastructure, the new software park in Patna, and the completion of the expressway from the
Purvanchal border through Bihar to Jharkhand. In August 2008, a Patna registered company
called the Security and Intelligence Services (SIS) India Limited[83] took over the Australian
guard and mobile patrol services business of American conglomerate, United Technologies
Corp (UTC). SIS is registered and taxed in Bihar.[84] The capital city, Patna, is one of the
better off cities in India when measured by per capita income.[85]^
• Official website
• Profile at the Government of India website
• Bihar CM official website
• Bihar Community Portal
• Bihar travel guide from Wikitravel
Nepal
Jharkhand
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Bihar is third most populated state of India with total population of 82,998,509 (43,243,795
Male and 39,754,714 Female) [1][2]
Contents
[hide]
• 1 Population
• 2 Key data
• 3 Religious demographics
• 4 Linguistic demographics
• 5 Educational Demographics
• 6 Economical demographics
• 7 Ethnic groups
Population by Age group [3]
• 8 Districts
Age Group Total Male Female
• 9 Miscellaneous statistics 0-4 11006072 5623280 5382792
• 10 Further reading 5-9 12804302 6705263 6099039
• 11 See also 10-14 11063777 5970201 5093576
15-19 7190188 4028643 3161545
• 12 External links
20-24 6323193 3180063 3143130
• 13 References 25-29 5908308 2894706 3013602
30-34 5549787 2713871 2835916
[edit] Population 35-39 5077935 2576089 2501846
40-44 4153203 2213770 1939433
Bihar is third most populated state of India 45-49 3461664 1778368 1683296
with total population of 82,998,509 50-54 2711041 1543620 1167421
(43,243,795 Male and 39,754,714 Female) 55-59 2069940 990011 1079929
[1]
60-64 2103909 1120743 983166
Projected population of Bihar for year 2008 65-69 1354937 683656 671281
is 93,823,000 (Total), 48,677,000 (Male) 70-74 1029921 571438 458483
and 45,146,000(Female).[4] 75-79 446860 233961 212899
[edit] Key data 80+ 565647 312207 253440
Age not stated 177825 103905 73920
• Population
All ages 82998509 43243795 39754714
○ Over All[1]
Total - 82,998,509
Male - 43,243,795
Female- 39,754,714
○ Urban
Total -
Male -
Female-
○ Rural
Total -
Male -
Female-
○ Projected Population for year 2008[4]
Total - 93,823,000
Male - 48,677,000
Female- 45,146,000
• Population Density - 881.[5]
• Growth Rate -28.43[6]
• Sex Ratio – 921 [7](female/1000 male)
• Literacy - 47.53 %[8]
• Age Group -
[edit] Religious demographics
Main article: Religion in Bihar
West
30,43,044 16,00,853 14,42,191 18.30 30.40 877 901 446 582
Champaran
East
39,33,636 20,72,350 18,61,286 25.46 29.27 883 898 767 991
Champaran
Sheohar 5,14,288 2,71,261 2,43,027 27.34 36.16 876 896 853 1,161
Sitamarhi 26,69,887 14,10,149 12,59,738 23.13 32.58 884 893 915 1,214
Madhubani 35,70,651 18,37,361 17,33,290 21.76 26.08 932 943 809 1,020
Supaul 17,45,069 9,08,855 8,36,214 23.45 29.95 904 920 557 724
Araria 21,24,831 11,08,924 10,15,907 26.69 31.84 907 916 569 751
Kishanganj 12,94,063 6,66,910 6,27,153 22.20 31.50 933 940 522 687
Purnia 25,40,788 13,25,794 12,14,994 23.76 35.23 903 916 582 787
Katihar 23,89,533 12,44,943 11,44,590 27.77 30.91 909 919 597 782
Madhepura 15,24,596 7,96,272 7,28,324 22.16 29.45 885 915 659 853
Saharsa 15,06,418 7,88,585 7,17,833 25.54 33.03 884 910 665 885
Darbhanga 32,85,473 17,16,640 15,68,833 25.04 30.85 911 914 1,102 1,442
Muzaffarp
37,43,836 19,41,480 18,02,356 25.30 26.74 904 928 931 1,180
ur
1,00
Gopalganj 21,49,343 10,72,151 10,77,192 25.12 26.11 968 838 1,057
5
Siwan 1,03
27,08,840 13,32,218 13,76,622 22.04 24.78 1,017 978 1,221
district 3
Saran 32,51,474 16,54,428 15,97,046 23.44 26.37 963 965 974 1,231
Vaishali 27,12,389 14,12,276 13,00,113 29.08 26.39 921 921 1,054 1,332
Samastipur 34,13,413 17,71,249 16,42,164 28.35 25.63 926 927 936 1,175
Begusarai 23,42,989 12,26,057 11,16,932 24.61 29.11 898 911 946 1,222
Khagaria 12,76,677 6,75,501 6,01,176 28.44 29.32 868 890 664 859
Bhagalpur 24,30,331 12,94,192 11,36,139 20.67 27.24 864 878 743 946
Banka 16,08,778 8,43,061 7,65,717 24.44 24.47 893 908 428 533
Munger 11,35,499 6,04,662 5,30,837 17.79 20.34 856 878 665 800
Lakhisarai 8,01,173 4,16,727 3,84,446 21.08 23.94 880 923 526 652
Sheikhpura 5,25,137 2,73,468 2,51,669 19.84 24.96 896 920 610 762
Nalanda 23,68,327 12,36,467 11,31,860 21.73 18.64 898 915 848 1,006
Patna 47,09,851 25,14,949 21,94,902 19.84 30.17 867 873 1,130 1,471
Bhojpur 22,33,415 11,75,333 10,58,082 20.26 24.58 904 900 725 903
Buxar 14,03,462 7,38,239 6,65,223 18.63 29.03 884 901 670 864
Kaimur 12,84,575 6,73,556 6,11,019 24.20 30.64 884 907 292 382
Rohtas 24,48,762 12,82,655 11,66,107 21.77 27.71 894 909 498 636
Jehanabad 15,11,406 7,83,960 7,27,446 19.43 28.64 919 928 749 963
Aurangaba
20,04,960 10,35,757 9,69,203 24.49 30.19 915 936 466 607
d
Gaya 34,64,983 17,89,231 16,75,752 23.92 30.03 922 937 536 696
Nawada 18,09,425 9,28,638 8,80,787 23.70 33.08 936 948 545 726
Jamui 13,97,474 7,28,812 6,68,662 21.90 32.90 903 917 339 451
Contents
[hide]
• 1 Population
• 2 Key data
• 3 Religious demographics
• 4 Linguistic demographics
• 5 Educational Demographics
• 6 Economical demographics
• 7 Ethnic groups
Population by Age group [3]
• 8 Districts
Age Group Total Male Female
• 9 Miscellaneous statistics 0-4 11006072 5623280 5382792
• 10 Further reading 5-9 12804302 6705263 6099039
• 11 See also 10-14 11063777 5970201 5093576
15-19 7190188 4028643 3161545
• 12 External links
20-24 6323193 3180063 3143130
• 13 References 25-29 5908308 2894706 3013602
30-34 5549787 2713871 2835916
[edit] Population 35-39 5077935 2576089 2501846
40-44 4153203 2213770 1939433
Bihar is third most populated state of India 45-49 3461664 1778368 1683296
with total population of 82,998,509 50-54 2711041 1543620 1167421
(43,243,795 Male and 39,754,714 Female) 55-59 2069940 990011 1079929
[1]
60-64 2103909 1120743 983166
Projected population of Bihar for year 2008 65-69 1354937 683656 671281
is 93,823,000 (Total), 48,677,000 (Male) 70-74 1029921 571438 458483
and 45,146,000(Female).[4] 75-79 446860 233961 212899
[edit] Key data 80+ 565647 312207 253440
Age not stated 177825 103905 73920
• Population
All ages 82998509 43243795 39754714
○ Over All[1]
Total - 82,998,509
Male - 43,243,795
Female- 39,754,714
○ Urban
Total -
Male -
Female-
○ Rural
Total -
Male -
Female-
○ Projected Population for year 2008[4]
Total - 93,823,000
Male - 48,677,000
Female- 45,146,000
• Population Density - 881.[5]
• Growth Rate -28.43[6]
• Sex Ratio – 921 [7](female/1000 male)
• Literacy - 47.53 %[8]
• Age Group -
[edit] Religious demographics
Main article: Religion in Bihar
West
30,43,044 16,00,853 14,42,191 18.30 30.40 877 901 446 582
Champaran
East
39,33,636 20,72,350 18,61,286 25.46 29.27 883 898 767 991
Champaran
Sheohar 5,14,288 2,71,261 2,43,027 27.34 36.16 876 896 853 1,161
Sitamarhi 26,69,887 14,10,149 12,59,738 23.13 32.58 884 893 915 1,214
Madhubani 35,70,651 18,37,361 17,33,290 21.76 26.08 932 943 809 1,020
Supaul 17,45,069 9,08,855 8,36,214 23.45 29.95 904 920 557 724
Araria 21,24,831 11,08,924 10,15,907 26.69 31.84 907 916 569 751
Kishanganj 12,94,063 6,66,910 6,27,153 22.20 31.50 933 940 522 687
Purnia 25,40,788 13,25,794 12,14,994 23.76 35.23 903 916 582 787
Katihar 23,89,533 12,44,943 11,44,590 27.77 30.91 909 919 597 782
Madhepura 15,24,596 7,96,272 7,28,324 22.16 29.45 885 915 659 853
Saharsa 15,06,418 7,88,585 7,17,833 25.54 33.03 884 910 665 885
Darbhanga 32,85,473 17,16,640 15,68,833 25.04 30.85 911 914 1,102 1,442
Muzaffarp
37,43,836 19,41,480 18,02,356 25.30 26.74 904 928 931 1,180
ur
1,00
Gopalganj 21,49,343 10,72,151 10,77,192 25.12 26.11 968 838 1,057
5
Siwan 1,03
27,08,840 13,32,218 13,76,622 22.04 24.78 1,017 978 1,221
district 3
Saran 32,51,474 16,54,428 15,97,046 23.44 26.37 963 965 974 1,231
Vaishali 27,12,389 14,12,276 13,00,113 29.08 26.39 921 921 1,054 1,332
Samastipur 34,13,413 17,71,249 16,42,164 28.35 25.63 926 927 936 1,175
Begusarai 23,42,989 12,26,057 11,16,932 24.61 29.11 898 911 946 1,222
Khagaria 12,76,677 6,75,501 6,01,176 28.44 29.32 868 890 664 859
Bhagalpur 24,30,331 12,94,192 11,36,139 20.67 27.24 864 878 743 946
Banka 16,08,778 8,43,061 7,65,717 24.44 24.47 893 908 428 533
Munger 11,35,499 6,04,662 5,30,837 17.79 20.34 856 878 665 800
Lakhisarai 8,01,173 4,16,727 3,84,446 21.08 23.94 880 923 526 652
Sheikhpura 5,25,137 2,73,468 2,51,669 19.84 24.96 896 920 610 762
Nalanda 23,68,327 12,36,467 11,31,860 21.73 18.64 898 915 848 1,006
Patna 47,09,851 25,14,949 21,94,902 19.84 30.17 867 873 1,130 1,471
Bhojpur 22,33,415 11,75,333 10,58,082 20.26 24.58 904 900 725 903
Buxar 14,03,462 7,38,239 6,65,223 18.63 29.03 884 901 670 864
Kaimur 12,84,575 6,73,556 6,11,019 24.20 30.64 884 907 292 382
Rohtas 24,48,762 12,82,655 11,66,107 21.77 27.71 894 909 498 636
Jehanabad 15,11,406 7,83,960 7,27,446 19.43 28.64 919 928 749 963
Aurangaba
20,04,960 10,35,757 9,69,203 24.49 30.19 915 936 466 607
d
Gaya 34,64,983 17,89,231 16,75,752 23.92 30.03 922 937 536 696
Nawada 18,09,425 9,28,638 8,80,787 23.70 33.08 936 948 545 726
Jamui 13,97,474 7,28,812 6,68,662 21.90 32.90 903 917 339 451
The chief languages spoken by the population in Bihar are Hindi, Urdu and
English. Here you will find the people using their own regional languages as well.
The chief dialects are: