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I ~G .~~fCllbi~ lY 'It"i~"" i I i:1dflJfl'dfr :~i'! ill ,o~1 J'lr(lnlkl IJr1U.·.1{~lt. ~'IT lIl, f II [\I!ffllttd I!~ fldJl ~Jo:; 11!,1W;. f~ in fl11ml!~'" ~(inll" iIDflf mi1f1 d,\ ~lr if til~Al IhU ft suu ,I' ~'lD-O ~li'~fll ~'ftl.fdlt'ill in ~frm !ihnt M~H(nf4t1t(f,i.ll~C' ,er~lIlltnlj r~ ~fl: \1'1,'10" J)!;Ji:l 3'1Gi'$:m\C'1'I1 [[ !!In ~~('u td ~u ilinbt:n I ll]tb lIi1,lm (i1 1)i( 11fafdli.! ijlRl~ C~ri:.~, tll;i( nul' r", rrMfiU"'i,'j. ,1\lt1rnl.M~.ro1:l llu"lnlnfVl~ !t1nn~ \'Ion btnrl

m 1tctl tll't\fl'lM-rfJ-d lll'lll ~(lb~lrrr,1 tom i1l1~HI'f1 i!tr;U AU brlU ediTt~l (Jtnd!COfl.L·h!I) nrrl'lrV!rn ~aiL

lIl~jjr ,reIJ'r,t,nllotl'll nHM;1 iltI11l1i't' 'd t!5~I!I ... ri1Dmth'll1l}d, ~lf~ bri ('(ll~ IUllI)U~illb,f en WrrbrnlllUlI ~" :)n~ WrB pfau Lint 'lI~f\ltw ~p f\l ~ '11 [61lillth::u ... hu l~rl. n.'C dh: ml-"tf~rllfi""ij" numm batJi Ji.o~lCI~OP,l"" I.mo 6~r 280 m~~ 1di l1d[" (I;\lf JI IV Joo r £u ftfduaj'to -. Itln I!!I, 011 I Dun o ,OJ % l!!IirA (I.:lldhS f ~b<[i((ll 0..]°" ffiJl}~~1 in fU1rd(,1! Jm urn !bl!(. .~ tt.a ~~ 11 l:uicEJ. ~or dUmll

., ~ '6irrh ba., dfll't1[ b.t r ~11l\tn) ~~Ik'il ~nu(l'flc Jlfi1ePIlt f B itt. '7ll~~::: f L"~nml n rr .. b ftd~C:

-~ttH~lwl, (2;i~~vn:~, ij~I'cH. M~'I'~n, $r1t!U~tr,[itlr.~i~, :fb:~m~f" 1I,1Il! r dltitiili~ .Ike 'b'!b hrd, 'Jnr'm!1iU~'ft II). 1!9 ~fI c111lr Jlmn' IltAlI1wng: ~ rnn MI1~Jftl.

er.~.II~gl!l r~~ ~1~1l1tre~.: ~i~ UI 4tl 'B\1I'~~ '~~ ,jfL\~h::J~lYn li. ~.~et~etl .. * 'l''ifu, ~a!h'lI dtCufllO'-a. ~ !k0~kJ:liIilJ'itJb. ml"j j(~'hl!idJ1~~~lnt!fn rl1j,"c~,t td fll::T!i'II I ""'fen '~fiful Dk ti111i'puff6~fL I.)gn [ll1;lh)fI!:11 "rI~ tu Tdfltnr bdlB~r.: r 1111 II lljbn.C Jt~~1nl~rt '~I:\GIFL!ulnrn .-radkn. 0~rl,mm HI~ffi!)d,d, ml\'~ OI1.IJ AlPlj!h~I'il;!;CI@ in BI'TcblofTnlcll 9liiun1.m C diti- inncm. « ~Vd')ilti.:o' i~ntl, n (.Jr~.). ;3um Sd!II~ .:gm CldBi .. ftl'l~ft"1l1cTl.b fi rille '(; ri.l<nfl ee G1~ nt r~ !U,'TPr:l' rfut, .

. i" ~riilf.l~~'1:I'1i' ch:r ~I'trgfcn mnie- Mlt)~ jidJ bri bel! o.J'lB,i':fi'~t~ 'lJ",'i:S,&IlJ :ll nil'" n ~td116a tlh'FLlT 1 bil l;\\C' 111 r',,1ll' "l'~IJn{ll ~n.il(~te 1i'1~t!

u drL)~ irt. W(tlCI1 ~( fd')lll=,lf f.iec fili'K1'1I'1i1nti~f1' ~tn!10ei;mdl1r1l1l. ~m.ti.t~r; ('.l!1.r~ roUI1r'11 rt(~ bUbw &dlll ~~tIfJ\'j't"f.f.l~trlll l'l1'~r ~ir.f1lIH1U111illml' rn~~'I:I!'n.. PII~\1 ., lIn~ ~''l!Inil''lulw=t-L11! 1JI~I1th:'r'trilflll bi~ ~tfli VtH' I)!;-r mlil~l.rufll~tb~:l:na j~l1~ bt nneu, ..t'tt ~U~it'l!/lui11m tl!fd.!.'btl &.mIl,. bUl'tli ,,{h'JI.* ~'fr .1dr~Hf' :r.ol:. bt·u In 9Ii~rrbt. ~bCflr.,) l''jil1lltl1 brim f:1['IN~rId'!i~1I 11lil I}) d1»WitilUm nitrurc (!JH C llufu".;Utt. Sur ll: tm,·jll1J.fhJ !;lOR 'lrn",trrllt.I~e:n lm ffiijJ~t' ,.nui§; ~i~lIl1tl\m 6ir ~.ukl'ifi.'. {ltrrOJl~r\3 lfI"un~~1 1 i!l(l'fiJ1riIl' ~~rbi.:il. ~[ ~~"ilnBnt)ff~

.~t r{ en ~fU~J mdu: ~k I!U'tof 11 'Wl1'fe Imtl'fi ~['l'i('f hUla mlr ~«fTfI' ~u L~~l1blln r"lll~ I a,U! :l~l.I(fgfnnnI1UJltJ b·1' t U"tCI1~iIlIf.)nIJl'rnIur at,.. Qudl, lUt' !kil"61l ~U"O lillialn ID..;.r. i rruJf,,,,n .

. ' i ~r"i1Ui .• i' bn 5lin tttl:: I."b ~d)~1~11«fe orin tn tern l.o!mmk~1! ~ f iI t J;i P ill' ~ l \l'dl M'I'! I i3titl1'i(n hJtrb0tll

m~rr!~nllJr'lt n.!)) l'l1arn.

:!)n el!' ruajrft.iVll'I~'9~~ml_ Wt'tb ~Ll Ii:~t' O'lcrf»l'tr~t(rJ,1. ,ball m~ ... {K11tnf~ tI II !!!rrunflotr ( o~rr, n~ I "Pl'Cil~1iI1T nl1b Ij)utue:r unb I .~b~L'IIlU.ITIJ1;Q~ 1 r~ f1 •• 4

flfucrB,oT ,\U Ih"'I'.dlllm. ic (BnmbLlitUl ~i('f'rt r"u:· \?j1odi om td in . i:1i';; 1l1l 1.1Itg; mU btn 2fhun ~CltlL 1:1 o~ 'r; ' .. \·tbi'ilboliUl~iJ, WllMm 2h,1tlUilI 1i1~. IJ ·l,.\icNI'i~l). 1£0. fld \ij co 1)1. ~llri~iiWi1~ I)b t'U:, lU I1'c mtl'lm l'If,(w. ~ Ii! 1'= iii!),,'!" ~~~~tld111d itJof'rh,u ell !'10m tilJt1ll'fd! an f ~aiIl \,IHUm iUIl~ 4~l'\t'd ner ~l)I:t.t)m, fo ~1.11 til ill ~1'rJ,r f-w.;fl}!ili!ti{lfdi: .,me bUi!'~'chit~nl.llCJll (.~li' (unb ~lJhfl, 'Jo;lmtU!l~ fi'iGt' nnr lit ~dm(ft1) Iltlnnm jt Mvl 2204 i'lL m tic- ~r~mTnMom t 1,2 NL eln.

~~""i' fti m~ eU.f~t: l!'I' [(Ih~ LII1~ ui!u Dil' ~3;,-'~ q dJ mll'J ill'" ~\d l;!-",~ ",1 loll" IU ~ h

'!J"41:r; It no" fl;~B.fC'l1 tllJliluoh:!:lI. '[I~MI1 Ulltttil'l1 ilie. IIItn ~~1-I,r.r~lUrd'm ~"ftfl~]l ~lrritn(1 !Oem eti;Jl~~[ifL1,lcIl

J'~ fU'l1l. 1'}1oJ'"llIlnf.\lI:n~u1b~ M 1= :!2,·1 NL. II i ('I'.' Llld:." j:()(l Tott)

b nl,: K~ M 1=2:.:.,'1 mt"

lH11 =24JlL (1';i JO" un~ 7 .' Torr) Iq; M!~I = 24nml!

j, rr ~O bl..: 111\11'1[ ~I.IIPfil ~JliTl 'oI;.I."M'Im:Ul 1~P. Tnrr = 100 mm I [g. Z.i11JII~. 13:5~fl Tr.lrr ~Itlil'r.h:ht ctru:r Hl m~~liT(r'~u!1' ~1:I~'t' kill ~T'ud' ~tlll ~ kgI~ == ~ fl. ".!IL.! f liHt (.~t~iHdwdl:lmm bi'~ N" t~~tII I1!l11rUhd ~dlU "[~t!rlJ: ~H~ti: 1:11 IJlol'l1l .. dwili1i1I,tI mlb oit .{l:t iui~\V.:i&"Hl~ ~~ 11 ilium IttllHIf~1r lI)iQ~lruLwil'l,~i;.11 h~1) ~lll; m\rtfnm ernudrr. ~(lIn Icct']lifd 1 ')tof",nl1l~lIil'"1i[lb

fr~JL'h lilt' r1" t M.\ Iff .1'1 ,u i~lIl l!Iic nhliicrll Si'tI!L 1;'1111 24: ilL.

_, [1Curl1!lb'u tty ~Cl'C 1IUII('l b t Ift['d!~trrtl! n ~ un J,1!~*n mtr 11Id!n' \ I'i&lflb",ro Iillf ~.~. r iTt! 'ur ~.JI ~'l ~il.: ID~b 41n~~ln~lllcidlilt'l~

nn lcf·f,tl"

o~r

C.,HI! + 15

2 ' • ~ll B .i, I fi 0:

- I COol ,..J Hll:O 12c!;;OI! crj GH

,,~'i", bi~TI:* ~liHfl ~"l~ i:n t11Jlh1)i''I' ..... ~I·~f~ ba G(,nc'rfi~l1' "bon '2\lm~ttji1rr Ihlcf~ Wm'\~t obtl' \tlljlluncn 1'1 r~d}n(,ll l"I'( '!lJfi'~d'I1t1II~ \1'Iir.b IIlcifllTlrl<

~~ ,OL1C11 II U f I k!:t.

":1ft blclnn ?\lfmll1nll"~rra!ll1 id 11 Itld 'l11.1I-W!btn til dtlgcrth,Hcr Ci'PTllII

b til d nw:(.bllf"t :

• l.:tnt}1mnl1 ~~ ~,lI r'1 ph tL1l:'~' 1M': llC!1.dw1cr lerneu iTIli",;Ii1 e, ioBd :s couul1t'nm ~rrl1 d'tunfd'c\' l!lff&1lI1 nld'r I tlllWl1 'fl. ~ 11ft, I til'; ~~t'nllllllljj ~~t ·~1i'fml1.n'~1Ilicf~1I1lU L1Uf ~,lTu~lb riner I.tffUl~" ~llt,U l'l1l'~ ~ur ~ .;'tutllnlltA lKao f~lr bi~ noll ~lmtH~t'f 'l't.1 b'~lLlIl1L1f! t~iu1:k't'rHdl(n )Ji~fTih'~" fiU."j1I1!~b-;]d\l- Urn1n b~~1Q t;.l ~llJlb~]lh"fth('tlilrti.1 \..11111" ':3C'it'U~ij(1' mOll.11 \k~i1h t-cl' ~l'!lhnfr..l'~l't'I i!H ~h"~klll1l\ 1 t l1:: um'IC~;lo:If, 11I'It-# {h~"tfd III it l;I~n. II 0 'lilt:!- ~, .lLt61l~brihf:t ln j.;.~ k!.!. "flo HI l~ttl>hhl ant Ill'tlll ( n fl..1 L t IlM 11 ~Il' f (l[ iU Itl bt r :>l.l{ rtrt'':lll1U'' 1~ i j11lUl fl n ;

~t..... __ {, MLI1

3 2 kg

Omln = 2~; (17 + ~ + s _ ~ "II

... '1 .2 J2 1-;'

01•11,. 2· Ie +3. (11- O-;S)J ~~c

Omll'! = !. c .11 ], b - njH + s181 urn!'

II! j I{'g

l!L' d~lC';lt!~tnl~l~h~~bru Iii' (1n~ tiL': jlrfcrmm01 f.d lIiI ~l nrll!o'';''~

~h 111t~1 ffi;r j mo II l ~~l,d,nf.j Ii IC ill Oxll ""ir In:ulm'lht'tf uif 1m tIT a:

{[.-I + ,h-oja +~ g

I.:

(I \11lJ rot' rrilli!'J'II .it'ot'1trll n 0" bpi ~ ~ I ~. ' •

f 11 r f d.'I)~'1!11' t hI' d ilJil. 1 2· ~ilr r t1l.., ('"~'\ I 1~,lub'd nu d,c ~t 1116 t n 111 &I~ I fl t , ~ r (l1~.J,I~ _ h' 1~~'G! 1.5. iohl m bLIITli'

nmil .'C.i1~

11: •

- :n -

~if t;ll'(;l ItUliftl ~ft kr P"c~(m lite Wtlum~IJRv],~ml: [I(i b~:Il' ffi~l'l1~tl!lfWlrll'

tH'llll', Di' 11.1[0 n~r burdl[xll ("'{hlh lUi !Hhlij'no'PIlI Elliurr.lllJij \Il1Ll ~rrtt'

I&~bind' I»b:b.

il!Uu~ ~!.'!{[ ""tnln('cn~ ~lmUI1IJ Ht I.': ~nf~1J nur ~1I1;~1 ~ufrll~(-trdIIlB ;ill

(!:fllicU I:' 11. Di~ Au~riu~d, tllrtnWnl]!': Hi tr-!Ili1rt;

L -). ·1.mln

lI}~rl:bl HI /I, firi1' tuflil:bC'l'frtfLli~,}r)l. (fo. 'l:~tlibt~~~· oom, i:'~.(!, mal~.p;il !,10tU~1IU'itr :

lC,~ l.1. n!l Il'b(;l'! ~iil ffir'w . Illl~tf O. - 1 • Om]n U!ub b~tn 8\' Vlt'miCll. eli Iii"'" 0.19 I ~i~l;I bf lin . ·ff~r. 11RUIltJ nidlm llc.1'nbL'r*-

~hrl1bC' '2CufplL: feU m~ - 'IHell III b' in 1 1'1111 flJrdc Llbcli ~(frrWC8 bllleW Stt«fll!l1 'lle:~hn: mn'C'~Hmll1l!tt1 fpi:~. (1J1liJii,lIH:l!Mmtlo 1.'011 91~tNlIt':limlT.

;1.;I'I:I! {~_}.. Qh:r,v,lil)hnflclIlt' ~ (!:rplufhlfioH~ ~D (lib! tW, midf1ff NL Wllcfo btl iI~llIl lrrfllL( bDl1 L kf: (f'~~!:Ir",n~fi I.ll1tOden, C~t1 'fl t!ll,~ b~'I1

wkg1;B'Iltll 'hcikDt.t't!;ll~fEJtI1JW.) .'

:ir'li~ 51,'!'~ ltill"] I~~~ 'lI ~~Tt¥lll}ir~ In~ ~ri~~t~ff : mtJc~(f"i~! ~ dll~ 11., ~) in' C; H !I(NOc 1 .. ~ 1)1W :mo(dml "ltt"~~Jf gl :Uhm~c ~tu'l:"t1qfT. ;D£c D~~n~nbint" iIkH;t'L"imllill astbt J CO" 1I1J~ 2.,5, H,p_ J)li! 11 filt~ 8'1_51hf.'lm!f 0' n ~iA' 'fl f tl111 /Zi4Ufn i\l!lif un a6 rf.dJu§ ~cr'fjfl!l-b'n ill, rIIl'Jfi;t~t frln, bfi1tlU~b. 21it' '$w. bIiCnnlmAQolr-i~I~II{I lWti3 1121·fc;:

CaH. tN03l~ JGO~ + 2 I~O + 311'4 + 6,5 0 e~J:, urn 11111f ~dUiC Whilofliit O! U1f) Nr .p fOll1ln~lT: 4CaHl(NDz-h = 12 COLI + III H.O + 6 N.+~.

4' ~i ,@JL~, ~m. -=4· fl· 12 + ~ . l + 3· (14 + 3,· 16)J - ,1 • ~7 ~, =< 9OB.g C'rBIi"~cll; I t + ~ 0 + 6 + l ""'" 29 M'o~ GrlS- = :m, 22,4 ~ f149 Nl.

I kg ~H1t'QllhJi!.t!nl1 ctQiit ~'Lrl,\,! (13-lS: OOa;) . 1000 = 7t4 Nt ..

~\\ f~'1e,;, ~)l"!inHJlul1un betl· iJrHl'dn(1 JrrhUl "0 bC"tll.i!tt 71·\ Nl/kR. !8~'i 'l1IUtt~ll-ffdrm"l1 <tfl''Wfiufr''ff~'' il1 me 1fUfikU1ITLlll!t11«' l:lTtf, ''[¥'dl~I1l;):t'n

mL'iI'bui1n\1i!tlt\"lti~lIu fdJU.'li .tg'tt, 111e11 aud] TlOdl 00 i!lttn,t~lt

:nW lin f~··. t!7tlel)J;)(uJnltn' 41191 Cie "l'Uic bro (011. ,\I uQlltmOllt8, ~

1'1>10' tlfnmm u. 'l!n:~ fp'~. ) n tIlibnlll:n t;.irmt I'Ctt ~lJr~d mill. beo t\l4~ bl'tld~\l... f.rUcf!'P 1~1iIb' .~I)~I m ~ (V) ftH~ filiI,fe'D' fino ~U1 'll~Bmldflrl~ Inrrdl bt~ ~~l)h.t'~aVIOUri'Id" ~j1·~tb'llI,lfI Utr&rftpft; p' V~ PIJo' V~. '0lt ~:Qetfl 1'!Itl! rtl {lOm] !1t.j ill lltr a:rt H~d!Krd:totn qj!1l fI'~ _8m bit '~jk'ciJ.'()l'tlfil ~li I:' n[dli IfIr~'I'i. ~llU l11t~n ~,,(unun V ill ur til~ftl'~ ~IlU~ bin~ ~Lllunu~, ~'b,<~!.Ili"'(~tn~ 1!!~'6 b-l~ ~n~:rnii:lf1"tiU'l: rNl''lbii '~lI1rIlJd.l~np I. iJ,O 3h u ~ hi 1111 en tc iff ba9 ffifl:um~tumtn l;I¢t rHo niO~11' I1lr/kg· ~ ~Jt~",mnnG ~LG. tNlll1'11 in UIl'tllltrJu 3'I;1r!Dl ~

p .• {V - G· czJ - Po' Vg (G;= l.Ik;rtdi!i-",{W1 '= l'f,u'9,dDk I}.

ni1MlBdlllljJ ijul.'1U('!I 'll:!.alt,~ f.:-tJL 11111111 ,grt1':\(~nllt": .«onohtmt 1 = [/1000· r~ca. CilJlQl'Dlllm(n,

.LI(I ~ In011iln.l:l'.i\C b~, .. ~lll(lll{rI~c~dnll,t i~ OOIln 114,: 1000= n 71·~ ~ ~ .. UHf, bld'flLl'H, ~\I :ItOtll\llltnt"r~U.;,c bd g~~l.troden ~1! 1dgCJfj IlU ~ \:)rt' m.,WUlh1{iI!' Dr.iLl~ p kT~'ffjll'li.'t wl'1'bcn. ~l'b_tl'I\'U~:b II,ltl1 ~I\!~H"I:' 21l!nriff nHllf:fl.l~lri:... ~1C't' ~If~. ~1Il~~U' H~ni. t!flrt,r)i£:1 !m~Tl J. ~1I't: ~~rrutl'it ~ rl III b-1C1 ,;ll ~Llnlfr.'I1I~~d,u 119 ~\lt ~ [e. ~H~f ¢ ~ri~ I ~u itNrtrc "~«r 11 ~rm

UIIII L' ?Jk~iht1I(bullmtd ~ ~htl(lrl.!mCll{l a~ .

I ·l \/- G· ~) ..."" Pn° G, Va P = fi.tl:l'l~fhntebfl.lcf' in •

T Tg PI) = "UtITh)ip~Jriffl'tr '1'Irul! =- J IOJ..ll!Jt TD = !RQl!lltlllltm.pI:'tBlI:U~ = 273u ulif.

P _ pp' Vb. T, G T = '1fbf ~1~l~fhm'tnrllWefp:mr

T. v, - G . cr 0 )= Wt'~~'bt bee \lIJI~ In kg

.~= '1M1!\vullii ttl'" ~IJ gafe In ~g

V = ~ .. ~crroUlili in ~fUfl'1l ..

~ = ~<wcbimh =G/V.

"',II' JC:I r"L' ~,. i)!lllli!llobi nUl'! i.J1 N1.fkg a: = ~lull~nt tTl M../kg.

Ilf ~lofil)lml~lt1~n:UIT ~ crGl~t lim nud bl.'t' ~/.j.'llorl4tt~n.llrmC' Q 1116 ~.t' 1mlik'rc:n ~t;a mId.flne' kif ecf.iu~lJil1fc em flild.l htlo1 W"!:'iund;

<l = t . e"LllI obtr =.9....

em

11iir mitrD,gbj'CVtI~ in t = 42Sijll •• :Hrlll T = 4l.,I1jO + 213 -= 4521o•

3ur ~1l1:tka:t1 la.Mr~lUlA' r~1 ~'I!Irln* P!U~~'!J;. T =I- lhd~i r~I'~.I~dO'::

.... ( ,0

~ L'\I d' tIIr~,,..u ~OUI ('fvn. b~~g[r, ~-~t'dJ~). ! ~~i1CUi Nr.dl!fAtT~l fi,

l\kl~l'I( (9!e~dllmu; fir ~11 rnd~r'~n ~J~hud! ht:

A PrJ1llx-= r·

~ -a;" &

f; DlllH'ldl bHi ~111l(' l:r~lIf'l b'!:'1 &d. flu (I ('b'~ II'I Oka \l\u~ ;l~1!; u! I l!ih'r) Lei ~crIl11.d'l[Nlffi1JunJ9 bell ~ IU'l'Il'Um~'fIS (n"I~lt l1crlii'H 11Hlrh.

~ lit! ~"r~dml!qHI bf'~ r~,I";'. e.h'l'lJibnllf .... I 10110 tn,:1\ l'hIUlimI'1T.1;1lI rllc!c~ Pm~ III ~kTr 1mll ijie. W~ r dnilcf~t;

Vo = '"I1.l!1 NL/kg; T !::=. 0;'1250 + til 11'= ~523fJ abs,

:l'JIH Pg = 100 mm = 1,03.1 'flIt l!"be To = 27 311 'i1~', fIJIi'!' 0 twfHm:

. ] 1033

J -= 273 ·1~~· 4S2J. 0= 1'2340.

-22-

fir j,' l'l~bi ~I! fi ... kgI~~'1l ,gill,. i1d1 mig,. = t), 11 I:

O~

Pmq~ = L 3f10· 1-1),11.1. OJ! 13 00· 2..'0

Pmrul =-.2 lO at.

"l1.' frr\~ fll:lfl-l: t"~ll'fL': l'»[t.O :Oh· ffirc1lliUUfl !m.bl',1Uif!l.hlf, ~I;!~H brr lliln:t lle:e, ~f.i:luQLLlmtn~ oo-nn m~H nlc~r rJl"Forrrq t lO.

i.. m",~,ul!ltlll'i!'t.·flJ~buirrr tllt1 ~k .... rn~p~ ~n1;J. .. L;v rI'~1 ~c"r i,1 ~Il, [c 1l'I1th~tm, ob IVIIli! l;1IiJlj, jt~l;)tunB111 'ml iimt~l!Tt 13ll~1' uttr~i, .... b, I~nl" btl\*. f~~ . f~jI;Dt!olllllll," br~ :nitrt;!oln,,«In li,'jJ = 714 NLft.5l. 2h~f I NL ~llf·1IP11f11~lt~ g!!p~"i'l~ Win II, ~fC' ~lltnmrnd ~n' l'lflf p = 71 J at. Unl~1" ~'1id.ii~lttlW-1Ul

I!I l bIJhlllll"'O ttA'ldJ Ill;(; tJi.('I:' brr f1lIl,JLll!hlk i"l1'1I: Pm, " "'" .-~i() iI'.

I itfi'f 1111 fuel HtlH.'- ?Jl'1uf ljllo1Ho runl) • Tll(IL ;0 1Jr:1.1\j rut" ffl 11"-1 1011l"m em:: i4d]t !l1(l1~!nLU_ll:O '1!{I,l,I(:J1 I('

k '1i bdh'jfe~~IJI~lt toft ~\ufl.'l~,rRAf" 'hl111 .;3"""iI.

,l}i~ lutt-r bi~fl:tlflt fj~~!{'n 1:tr~tf ~"lw'1kn ~~ultK'rtll~'ifl' ld~il1l 'bd £\Ir~'~ "Ul!l~ tlt hlU1;[f {m: ffio§r ';;infd'~~ 1~( 'J r~t Ii' n !

to Sit a~C'l"l~d:~1 m1i( .",:mrH'l.l1t !;I!I~ I~i~!lilii, bb jid', fa filN~C1'Irc'l1cflbtt ~~~m lIIn~ n:elJqO 'dIll.

2. all; Q~tr~llinll~n ben ~itt~-jilmtbo bf1im ~DY~ITtll ~r:t u'ltn: m ttm ~11~r Itl1 [lrfng,

3. -it: ~tb'llrri'ill~n (~fI Illt'fijinrntr r~l ~ll.lr b.tt! ~n ~r IlJr~D ~Ul'rp 1m lom;d"1 bm ftllirii"I'Ilrl:jio~~

iCht iI.cbr.'~ $drmi nn ffiO(lr, mtrlrntl.!lJi mt10 (ij '~~H ItJ[)..

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~u.d.lnunfl t!lt"t v'i<ln dll~n.r \}~llllil~r fil;r bi~ E~.;f(l)l)§i!~llU:nU[11! ~tlrq'hlul ~u3ItUht~ I'n !lJhij'Hrui~:

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1!:li 1:1 cL \ IrJ;\lt,uJ!lu I(ltll uh:'~ dclrillrtclt '1hbdl W,dl(:u f~Lr O( (!It ~ll"fF [I IcIh:'d-U ~I n .:Julio" nu Ql?

l~"lll!nIlilUitll:'d"m~ ~ 9(jtuarlhl[!;lIf~~ul\1'~ = 901) I I l..!1'lwli,ott~ntib.'mc It!(!'-'! m'tl'Qklt1}~(':tIItO = 1580 kl;!ll

))~ulIiDuntoIL'ud.~ lit'" ll'fif1oO'i'!1Ii (!I."b(lcfml ulli~m9 g ~ 9)U m ec)

~C(d)J~116 tn~ uf numcll; IJun brr Ilri"iblilbilnR (1" ~dll Olhl1Itlt1l.?Dn.:

III"~ glllnj]h}~(hJ1.

, k~ ~tn"'l;jb~m1l m.il 70 ,~, ~1II1"1I.l'3l1'{lU(or = ~l;iO- MrS6 ~,

u:t\~: 21 % m i h't)gh ~clu = 21) ~ f,.l, = 13~..w kg

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ftl It til ililillfli n.

~~'c111,[mllJ bcr U'JJ.:1tcn .,_ .h,jnbYllRlll~um1 fiL'\1 ~1L:'rd'111iT''G,

m • \,:1. Ij - v 0 2·J..{1· €Il'l

.., - _ II r' \ 8---

.~ 2:= a: 2 = 9,81.-2 '"'-' zzs rnt

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mt, zo fJlh Iltfl.l: .

2 j ~l1T1

~~~ot~tnd~ lrl'bdl~~dj'bmll .... 3;2:· DOO • 4~7 - 12~~1n I'I'iIkJ:.

m· VII tl,3 . W1:,,!1 . -

Wl'ilut>~~~~11h1JuK,1 """' T = 980 {7'2" = 3·1ti;n "*1:

,

~l'IiI \cn llHtlc' f!Jl1II ~(lt!'&ch ftb fI ~ QJ, f wl)f;b~~$·!tU II.!J """ Joo, 378,71 = __ 3~% 1229141

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II I r .. III ljl'rid l"ct'Nn.

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t1111,1 LBlg:

au (H O,tl" + Ca ,((JH}!!. =2 CpfO, + 2 I~,O

r. f ' ilJ;l I1b~ id!il.nlr~l~b(llhlj C~COll i~ HQll) u ~mlu1l1id'1 111II.f!, Fg(h HI 'lit pr m~l!b ' "li fhi'\ ,It'Iuf', Ul~ !).I."l''6i1I1IMl~l{l(1ll.lriU1l1bi:f'''1'[l''fI(rl III ,. t1r, 1" irrlhld' ~I (''''ml·ltl'l~. '[JI.d!ull'fi1lIDftfllEiOl1iIi brLltb Jjr)Dfl.'ll,,[c

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CnSD +-NDICOJ =CaCO + N.~SOI C(.IC[ -l "N BaC 011 = ~001!' + 2 NaCl

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'!lir. '~n. G~fcbiiJ:i.crr~J1 ~I.l,lf: Ilbn::ilt'rf~lf11!tUlI)Ltr!lc~, ~ Ib' ;\lfili,Jt' bUt!:' 'I, iJll!;lC= tmb ~H'flll'l (Im~ITI'II nml "m 1!R~"ffiq)1'1l I)I'r lIfU" n J}hh.'lIi't(;n n6~ fr t. l{~ll1' 'f n fa II", Il'nl)U k b~rr liiberfdlilffj t 1 rub t!!'" fhl ,1-

iff l":ijWI f[iJd, (lIT I hf}lmg:

,CtI! (OR) '1, - CaC01 + ~ N.ll0H

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i ~llU~'ll1rCI b~r ,~ii:l11l' '0 tll"t' btutf (: il, 1'1 !If!1t1, ~Ila

mllifi~' Ht I buuf('C,~n ~ rh: fli;)1 reem !to 10 mg \ l (eaa, in

Itt cllillJIL '

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d I1lrl1hH &111111 IiJIo 'l\eiim1'1lllllfO .... tJt· u~rIHi'o:n,fl Ilt\CU ~~"kl"'- ::no

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i1imrlllll~{t IUlO ~ ftl'~tt

IH ' j1:immult>J bc&! I C'11I11101'in 11 .. lUll bill'(Ulf. tklD ill~hHllfltht' InH I:l~:r ID .... Ud1l:fI 'ni1trhu"f~ir~ un'l.&llLtr~~ Mill ~tumrl'lf. t'()~IIl, ~l1Ir~W(~llli t'Jer jJ ~di~f"J.llt1~l)"ll nlflr~iml"Ik1~UfiltJlLIl1ll: COrild .... ,: + Nlk·3~~f~ - Cil.j.~if(' + N~~l.\Ol.Dllt. ':lilt' 2kjiintllnlllrl Uilj!tkn H"K) i:m fT{lliIt'Clh~(l'til'0.n ITd~LlLlrr""e lQlnnElc mit 'LtH'T ~ru~\lHicl~~It 1.i::ldf"rDhU1l1~i] ~i,1In b~ffilII111U~f M;J!lJlI3fllK6l:ftJ)n t! rrl'l)T l~(c. b~ ~19drrctt:: Icitiln;l:;d~~"111 fd,liunH, l'i~~ ~ ,z,dW1l1tr"t1 ~l'kb ~n rt I'i 11 . tJ PI nfll '0;111:'1'" ffll1 ' 11 It r.lclfm i 1m d \1ft If i dlf!t. '''Ilf ~ ltiJ !If' botl' "nh!llldH~I' e.i.1.f 'lift,] 1111) (:ll!t pd~t'l 1111 cil IH'!fiimm," l~jlir'~tfI"~

- ~l

f'I,'I" rtl ,1 ifd :11" fftI; uL !ii 1 rII .~ ill fdftlHl rau! .b'It" Tlil.Up::L1l1f~bC II, I. _

J\~'f(tl Ullb~. ~i.c 'il'lilb~JnI1 rifler ,\\tIT~·llll1J.{cl}~d;1 1111 ~('1 I tIJ,·,mtlnUlJrll

U tl('rr.{f1br~n,

1:' .I~ ~1 t 'Ill i i ~e ., "'_'1Td fdlu ~ Cf f r'l6r..n ~f p~ ':l'lLI'U ':urfiflldJtllllll

ru -rf(lbl'CI1 nrn Ii 0(']11 L- .:1)Il~tj - ",irt- tI~~iJ;f~'\II(' hi Dt"il j)olflftltl'llhtrill

Hub m t'n ~lIb;H,i~r.- ,UI~tllll!llb-t<t,

:'D I :hl r ~HI, 1111l~ ,t~cfh h"($ rr.:ol!' ft!J.f! tH~nL(U~I1I.iI,N~"PJl:! ~tlJn[ltl'..o1i)

1U1~ 'l~il~ldr UH'f'{'r;'l.do~or""'lIi. _

!'1lr ,E ~ lW t,; I'll irftmg, lou ".J~ IH f ~IJ 111 (Uloh:j:lj ;:U1H'I L\~rll~h t>o.rlluf. flj.ll(! rll I'll)i .... ! ft bi~ uruer lim ii.iulIiH n~1 , f'-~Tn'ilff.:J;' ~~'\:,~Ilnt;t'~t II G';,UTCfl. Ilnrn I I u6 ~Itid:ul'~· 1H1 ~~} OllfC ht Itrnlifkrt.. U dI If.. 1 Njlmlg b , H~;. ItIttcl1l' It1'klJ! IT1ld It If iii- til forro'llon(\iji II~' ~ilm ~#1llfl

b" Lmtr~\l'(fLl' IJI!nttr~~u 11. "" ..... 0 llu;~ium~1.J hl'lJ i'j,D .~ir1't ~d! f l'lI~ IJlD

AllJffHlJ all f b\, 9tafJ(llit:r nu~. hi!; - ~L'fl. rdllQl~1 uut\n fui1lr:j - OCIll ...:-i:l(;.:n .b~ roILlrln.'!lumd Llttl> J a:r~ \111m a~btU)t! 'J:li.t~;

MgCI',;: + i NaOH ~ Mg (OB)!Ji + 2 NbCI

C~l tliC!:l,d~ +2' NilOH ~ !JaCO:!!! + Nll COil + 2 H~ij

~IIL'ij~dJ nm'tI l'iW ~ "ll'1bk~ ;'011 cinnr lTh]mnlfllfj~f!a~lljl~ u~b b ltnrd~ . d~I!~mbcn It JiJbfd)II'f;!'t iIbrr ~~arn! Ifh'l~l fill'lI, dQ GT~" U'lt~b II~ nD\' #

L l 0;,;,. II'Qwi du f1 be ':t r n 11 rl u rna: fUll) Ii l r jiinutu I :ilr~rill:

Til I ,[ fii\j) !J~j.Udllll\r:.Ilbt'l1nll:Hj ilb<rdn. \!d IlIrjdri!l'lt III IdrtllUU nod, U\'(I • llr )Ilnl:'dlt ffi't'jlf1iil"Jc:

3 caCO:, + 2 N!I~,L = CnJ_Pon, _ + 3 N~o.,

btun till lhll:\tll.lUpl'~\:lJ:~r'hl~ til ulIli1""(I(ltcr- 11m I~O J1t:L~~ilFlllrlIT1:lI.'lnllt. r~~ U1 lIt' ~('Il l1f~d[1l l\urI<fni!cni:lt' ~lhlIAmm.j.'[}~lJ{I t hM t'lil' l1f1lt17't1f1~ lli(tl.'l!ltl).-rrll riJ'UliIitMl!r .ni~fcJfrul~(, lint! ~t'lltlTlIl.1UOhkl]l Air 1I1U~pUr'~ ml' rmt OHf~'~flilh:TL.

~1~ 'lnnl1'ilfm):i~QLlt'(' I r.,fO'UI iI flJ nudl ~iHC 1;€"nI'l'icfrlunl1,l. efbHcfili~ r~rTi te. i'lltth h·il en bn [,iltu(tl ~ ll~ ,... d1U~i1'-'ff"tltl~'G J n Il ~rcn be\' t ffi 11.l1tnI11l1l'lg. l' (lie e. 11 r'~ t~, In I." c;.EJki 1,11 ~ ~dl dill! wbru ~f':f[!, (\1 brett I l.d ~J':I t~ Uftll, Oi Il'!u.! r1 filRlltict~':\l 1I~t:'~"1I1 toM,'1 trfxlltm W"dL

I'll" '!Untt'!l1th1i(11 Ill. un) ~I( ~6MP jlj,;;~1j1 rz,

mId, W l·~frfrid~.rIilI·~1 ,tl1ifcf,1'11 ~~ll!ftlnTl'lli 'n 't'~rntf1 hJl{lrmD b,_ !lleh:it'flco hi~ In!b f1 ;3t1.;~~'t "'lIm~J;1Ud tloL'F[,rjil!liuJ,i. :t"I~ tl It 'm'lUhl ~I:r nnll~ tlnr, r l!f~ I-IC1\If'f,rl~IlI~' 3dt~llin~n.fl('ll 'Iluf f{lil'uU t~J~~l~lh i\U 1'l~jh\tt"~n un!:! iI~IIit.:{_1.m~~~~ali'~~ ~ lID I i'!t r .~dJt ~(I L".ttl~ rJ I bilin ~J ~ an ~('T'(J, II tilll tro,Ci I II! rr tf"ne{il~!CM ~'C tPfdll;14I:u:d;lw Ilnl ,p.liflddil n~~\"~T' . rol.'l.'1i~

,;~ '~fbmmll:nr9 ~tr, 'J1liltl'L'I'1]I' 1116\ HaZ ill "Inc. ';t.hrofh;lll mit II/W- ~1l~.lfiUlI'C lIifll!t ~ ~~H.,.f~l)t~1" 11 ali1 n~i urr, _lit ijrllt1t1n '~m H:.

- 32 -

lir1't 1f dl, d r bllbll~d;, taa 6 til Iwad t hI Wcut'iuntfl'ttb;o [Itt t \1Il:tl !JlliltdlUl'k p~n\,~ ift bcr UfulJ[I uor'OOllb n pub, tit hrfoillt ~~t br 1 f rlmmuIlfill1Ufch ~el\1l t'f 'II. tIm il!t'ft i!lc:al~l. !lu 'J1uro'll( «'til '" ~ u UlIlftlfllP'J!ir; 1t1t'd;I~ ~\I If.lITm, Ifll-rroe ~it fl,l:ltfm,ltfd e f1Cpdilhrr'll1 ;tJt\1 %nl'i!!lrtq,~~l!!rr~ \?~l' f1G:d} r &fiio ,. ii:'lum fl!fiJH r. 41 fib~ bl.t »t 1l:it:i.~~1;;,rJ, l

N!IiZ = mill ~HCJH + mg/J 4~I1tICO:J

Die m~U~on3~~( I1Imt Illm. u,ia'lttf ,m~1 tvnlll:t~ll ~ln ~fi - fid.

DIO I'ltli3~l'brm nol, :;IQ~ Inr~e;.~Ul' 'lJbI1 n1RlL'i tn ~iC W:CU!iJ'~ :n~IlIlt~1I Ull~ !J\'!t\,"d'mrt ('!'Iiu(pal1 I:lut'dz 4,S)'1 Cltc b-tt il4~~~c ~if~rrl1 ~~, rn lllirE! U "''"' t!.'!lfllml d1 tI~'t'lktnbcntll 1l:1111l1 fl1llil1elljJ AUBi!,aJ.~lI.

in(l_.Ji-~H~ ~Iitlllt 11'1, {;1l1~ ~f 'Pljlt~6.t~llfriu II1ltl(ll incn 2. ~b'I'ii !iJl"t 'ilR'tl\i Itll.ll. IJJ" 'I1kh'lj~tlH~ ben C. t:'~llt (iii "ltj)lh,jP,1t Lil~ is, bQ ,. ~l'r'IlITril.

TjtlilDfp l~dldl1 r~l~1 ~1l111 fl)t (l'll.llLlif 'i) in f~tllllNS (fiDlIl!r) ml~ J:1I.~iTD PH..w(t't=-lit5, ~ll~r~JJit'JlIt ~~l.'Il,l fl~'1b Clllirilfi~d~) hI! 1:.1" (laua) ttfi: bdm PI'I~t = S,5, ;ncr 'UWlf~ (IS 'VIm I ~,,~ IIcifim ~nbirotllrtt'l Lktll (i_[fllJi t'ID' rtb-id).l;tl. lim rkih~' ~jl,!ltIid, b~~, \HJl1i!}.I1}tI1.,;tjl,~lealANI ~\~dtd aid f~tl£i:i iOn:l1(~~flt '~lr.b\ n;I~ U.ill~ ~~~l'161)~~l IU'ld; ~lL0 Ci[fI~Hf~' ''I~~ilc~d~L ~d ~u ~U:rCJH!.'ln mi~ elll~rilUt~ ll,1irrtl ,~tft! llCIP flo: Um-rd1tb'lo;s:!!(lllllf~ !beG '~ro~G: t'!~~ljdk~l1'(!, c~rdd't;. bkiij1 ltln: p~ ~e et f Jkl!' n[fv ble '1110 ,\,UHtflrna U'Qlfd!(118 p~r"l!ld)t~ iltltnlr n/lO.:Gul~;durt OJlIJ~bt. ::.U'r UmrdJ[il:I!t1~mn& 1)L'1l

I)clli(llp(it.ijnldtl ffl fl'l!ll~ct • _lIlqm tl~r' enl fli,u~ aJW NuOH IltutmLifjut U!~b bl1 ij,)f.tt1\liItlb-.:onl Nnj;IJI! ;11 Na,l-leo, ~WI1Ila.cll~. :0 e 'firlluu Ilicr.rll Nu,U "ill fL1r ~6c,,"lr. 16~1\rm brchl' fluln'.- fur Wi.,1 111:'1.'1 b;£,f nllicb aUn:Ufdl, !n tUI~ bided NnHC<\ ll(l I uHilaa ~ill. f~\ut· UlnA ft~l (: III H C~ l1J1tiNa I,)', f14" r MJg} l1ud~ 00" 1~r;fl!'ll! th'f~ 81:'81 l]~ [f11 IlUti. 1'Iic 'tJ.mll!:' ~"nl'~ IX·I! 'tim::braudjt(1I I't!JO~rtl "fduN' fi'itll ~l~ m ~ .\J.U-j ~~ ~~hL,llltli ... St~t 'li\-egC\l;:11 ]idl ~Ull etrglfmnud ibn N4tOH ... Wtl'-1l(;W L~lIti br-r rrt~lI:a!!o:.-mh~nil~

2' el~ldi1!1t1f1~fi mit 2 llrll'wrrumtrll tNt:li9H nll~N~-CQ~ I ~ •

p,!JJ,k'u = Nllor>1 + - -:.! N~O::J lJIub m~.mn-t = Nt~OU + Nl:litPOo.

~.mu! ~m p) = ,~ !'I1i'lC~ l~ll-tl' 2· (M - p-j = N ',~Co..

Uin blt alf~c{iidlc .ad~hu·II!.lC ~u c-t: liLt i! 1'Jl1 {Il bi~'f ~ 'E 11.04' mit

ill 1'.: ' " ., l '..1':'1' c_ lo. 105 .•

tlml Ul.nlltilJn:ms~u.urj!l~\lI.ll CI tnt 'rol~H ibt!l' ~Ilwd = 2 mn!1L(~o,,-

11)(1 lIc6uun. Jut' ~tll' ~:Ql)jml!llnl\lC 'lIl'L1ftb~ !lei) f:iattJ1: '2' em - ~, 2.- =

(m - N' Hl6 = NpJ:Oa. I,l~c I2l~D~llTc"fJl': un ~,~ @tf"ln*11IIl~flll~ ~ll" ,u,~ullrn, trglbi tlfe; 91!ltdl!li'n~l\1f!fo'ru~IU~'frlJ~:

m -3· ( m -p) = un -1m + :a-p = 2'p-rn NLlO~t

lhn ttll ~lItfi_'lLi ~r ~a'rri'm't~~,t1rJ,)Pl ~milfn.(Jr ;$.'~ .C'f (KI hen J ill "'I'"frr UUrU

mit ~'l1 t!1,l~l'IlluuoG~tuL~1 ~., N~DH = 40 mi.tfptp.~,:m n. Zit N OHiO

!l'tHB to tk'imt: (2p - 1'1'1) • 4-0 = N OR

3ul' r .. &Hliufl:g I!I~~ m,'IlIk'IL)1I III ( Nd SiLl-ttl) tbr NaOA=ro'l IIIN Ullf)

NI.' IL'"OlI5-ID!cnilC. kijtCI!\: 11 t is Irilll'a 4.,5, • '~fl!lmlll1tllll ia h:

NtlZ = (2,- m)' T (rn- p)' 106 4 ... 9

Nul = 80 ~-'»m + i!3;6:m ~ 23,61'J '

[Nul =55.4p- iG,4m I

. J:i~d' EfI'i'd,IJIIIIl,(J rannttu,", mtfd:nrtI16'~~ml:'d,Jwfd'1idkr. b~ 1 ~~rrC'rill med, .. 11 fdltt&ttU, ~i:fi/'l:'(ICfll~d , ~III 1M I)em nIH' ttt l1tfunt'teu tl p,,- l-Iub fIIl:;§~~,t~ C'in ttfjdfpl lnll. 'mt &d mtc.tl' U{irpg ~idid"cn ffied}cn -~ ~"tl! liefi IH'iil'! flmlll iioe lf liZ lIb .

ie t'~immllnlJ tn '&0 ,&lIj . M PZ lfi 1,11 if.ll'!I1' UL"'I:MtUJl'UhO

U II I:tnpiri"d,;,. ~II (:lila: l'J'Hllih11 UeU 1tlldl1f~ Ui~ . (loil~~orrau" l¥ 'l1JmlHcb nut '2bllln~l.wmml'l~",,'b1:!1 in fn"nl."l'fiilUl;'Cl ~ifuu", 1'Hld:ill.tltIiIl'.FI,.·Il, ~u011ri 01."1~("" ~hllmIU\ i\ml~~~~Qnr[l,'IljJbbttt (NHJ.1'O" . 12' MnO Iltl:t!AtTt'ill1 nrftb. 9hn I&i~ 'r.:~ Il~-r flU~ {l1-UI' 2tnuIl101~iul'l1nlOLIlrJIIi)uj in ra1'ln~ ~-arlDfllil Il-(i t:!l'~~n~II~,n:~ ..:I !j~1 iJtI61:l'~Q-~r-rnUrt (~hrJ fUi rn,~urlp~1i1 f Wtl f dllD,t'-fdf rHilwr £6-f~II1G~ lItutJ. Llllt ~ btQ1 f:d)"u3i~(f~b 'Pi ~h'lfitu~ Ul)'t1 mttllUlfd1~:nl :at'll'ffl ru(lllilb,tkll liJRoblbMnb[uu ~t~fi(lkn. 1'!lrm glOtJt,~Mnb~tlu Ifllib~ mlln ltIie 3ufnmU'l~11:; ft:~un9" - iJ i i.lbrr IU!l"" Mll n •. J MoQa· a H,.o. Dl~ elir.(; ~n: (ti~ trw ... ~b(,11 !BIQuf-d'thlUttl liAng. !!IO'U ~ ~('Rn,e tli',!3 !.fbi' mlkl1rl. ~iJ ritilU!t ~ i)~p~r. 1lr,;,ijI aMI) '~p lllli1~ IIlr bii'.rr[~. 10., t",i~ &rl'~ uKm~ I mar&,:J IIItffn) G.:ml"ff~l1.

h: ~~o, phi,h'iijl PZ t i&~'lln ~ ~t"~1J 1111 PliO. in fT1g/t.

'&~ D~r !lrin~trW-Ii11-f~!')~~llt N~P,Oc {~ ',Ilfiic li'fliT"' Llort~f1"cn tih t{I\t!'~lllJu)dli Nc :.!{'(q:ilaUit "'h.I1l'~.5' ~ITI ~fll~llh{& I'!i,,-r: ,'5Q pfj1ilr~llut'c, 111111 !ltill ben ~ '1l't¢~l:ltllbi.'l~ IhID..tUI1JQ;ffn~~~ll_rr~fI titd '.I'dlUl:tr~mtlf!filDl.'!~rmU 1m:' iH\idllflr ;H~ iEI!4:tM'I'l; ~ntf~l'nr~~nb 'nub bb!' '-3la:u;fd.Wr "'0 Mhl!tintcU'I:''l! nb[JtRuf1.

;3n~ lI"I~I'ffl1~runB tin 2ltpiflUnUIll! I)'l't ~,6I1'O~~dtaa~'1 l~ttl:i ~iT1"

r~b't J'kfj. tUUIITtlt t:'\\U b Ilim1n~ it ll!"~ (td el1tMIt NeOH ~III' N:a~PO~) It 1~l!Il[if101:1. tit'l"OlllflU, rnh :Kod'il1r aW ""u}qf01k\{b crf'-fJl, ,It' I~' ..-mftft tlr.m on m1tiah.:r Gh ru.c_fclfflim:.: U(lIt; 2fmnrtlll(um1l'loh ~b:ili ~n tJ~C'ft:1lt m IQ iilrl\i ,. ltd} em HI:: Iller ~1iU'fnl ~ilUffl"lk ~UI u Qt'l! n, _Ill it ~(t1 u= rtri~g brulld1~ ~u 'lbl:CI" !!JtUlll luno' 't'''l[I' mill C;(le ~h. 1- 'fi t>1l~Cl' 1iJ~.nb "[m'l' t!~t1l,*t;rl"'(\\"ni'n Jdt (20 ~l\tlU'r1~' ;nf.l~ohr-tnt~rtt' ;Jl.I tlh'Ot~I'~C11.

!lir "B'i'pl~Hlllllr1e,~t~' -,~," 'r~o'fhdtl'lllr!l! ,-OG.) & f, .gg~H'r-". _:rh::r r6nu~tOOitfLu,~nh twv ~!:j'l1rrtU fipl.'U tn :0('11 .i)(Ic~-bi"utLt~ci§L'lilll'I~fs CIllfiflll'lIT ,jm' ~!)n~ ;j" i!lC'11 ;1)~d.Jbrutf(Iit"L~lIflilri'frll~·(n i}ntl=lJY fn' infolft!!! ba ~~'~I"nf ~,m~tjlhH'(tT Llll~ (j,I~I:i1:tfE I'U&l (lUC ~~nai'd. n ll.'O-I:jl(llrRt, ! ( /I Rud ,l:i1~J LI'f~ I~i!i b.d r!;jfCI1 Iin!Jl:f"ff~ ,vt~tll tt$i:~1id fd,ndf~ IlIle

i.~ J

IInh'!: nl,;!'I'1n~'lm ~d1ln{JIU111fn D Ij';i 1Tl'J~!tb 'rbn,&f" 1'," !It.:" .l)orf ~rIIld:=ft, U ~tblll"~ 11 hIJhu ern 1"' Ii 'r L'TI crrn t1b,"ftli'o ~11 ilB ~ lIr nU I. illKfI ~ In~

j1idjt[c{J 0..:; U(l"jiUfi\lJ:~l t .1: cinl1cilK'ifl~·f'LliTrr€! .•

bo \ PfI'IlIt'nliTtr. 1)1~l1riJr • f. h f* :0 rtdJ In \ot~lfllt~1\" <mIJ

ildiitn. ;:",nl. vfN.-fffr i ~lf~ f lrimml r~fit! id htL wittCI' ~ urt~Dff l1Uf. 'llLC'fL:'EI tr\!~~lfcr ULLlii f!.o.~CI:: rl~rllfall~1l lt~~ ti('r "i7m~!l"~ liner nUl\! mil .f!.cr 2"uf'(' OJfdJut~[ Il.1d{IL'll. .~ 1.:(.:: 1l'fi1ftllltiU::L't €:nU!I,t1UUR film I no~11 d}fl1rlrd ml!lrjiill$!t w:("rtm.ll Gi) 1",11 (~i.n' 11&'l' uur bfli: Unlc-riuWUTI[I tll'tII U3{1'iirrl'l Illif i U"'U ~murOofi\](~lIt 'tI~tltn(llb1 1'UoI.1"t.:'lI.

.3111' 'U~'~~'N.11{1 to "3(' hnf11111111 (~l"lml,!~ .lfIIlI bh ~1l1l'~rfd:tI.Th

t!;r, i1 nt'I.1t1l!tI~ in :Tf l~bc1101 \!'Bet' I il1 cilol'iufl, 11 ~1I~lurr 1~'lIo !m'l'lH(hlu1;"

1,rib MnrJ=a f I1t rlid· mil ~tjlrrtUll'1f1I\~l'll mt! N:'lOJ I ,\,1 UIl1i!hditfJtllL Uh ijffS 1 6 111 UW.i1l1,1l ldm tlJjll b .M.n(m .. n, urn: )'I'\.nel!: + 2. :l l-I J!!!!!! M.J] OH)!I + 2 N'.! L urd; !.ll'l'l'fli'!ln.Qcl~ I. il,IUCI'J'itl1l ItlLt'" ~ ';i{l IJ (lot'aUn L '(,111 11lr 01 ii fl1U U11lai1timrm" ?~lu!J~nlbL l'.~ (. .HlI! tlrln) Mn ornbi 1: MrI(( H)u.

= Mil 111 1· H~O, ~k' ~nl'~f .... Lul ttJL'" .., .~ Kit ~r'Jff· iN i,lcfii "il, 111111 f., l'Hllfh-t u~it: bi::r ~ntiT'hi-n6 ~m~'br~f~jlI1.. .....(1 «' ullfu:ri'l~Ticl'- iO~ n.ttll'l~ u~lt'r £lIr d\ifd'fLl- !.I iIl"r~dkll (bliu,h !,)L~lll ~Q~lfT'r ~dll ell;un~J.'ff ~I~U i1~Fflrt1~jlHl~nl ~llot;'r.bl'll .Ll1LU~! h.lil.'.(i IlUJl t'i~ I2lul"O"lTlK:nimnrlllll~ in d,it ~1.'If!i~ t~ll1nnNnJl IYku:qlL r-.:I~\rl. '~lt1nfl ~I J~Il.1i:unl]Q~l;! J\J ItrW q;t~o"'rfjlolt~ four...: I, Mn' rt.litfr:QI.... IM IMr~l'~ ~~~t,l~WJ~Il'l."fii.l.!Il·t ij;iJ~ IlJl'" ~'U. J\ldhllijt~ ilJ"!)l~ bic f lIVnd]cH' S1!l~~l)nlTfr'jh"l-fJHn it! ~Jrdfu +r. 'i'i d~ bllim Il11tf-::: mcl-' 1[' mrt b.1t1 Jr~n(lJ. "lll(lllll'1'11 trn ·C'l>ib Mn.J.I;

MhOi, L II) - MrtJ,. + Z 1-1::0

b~fuJllli • ~ 11 li ui, U(Ult tn·l" l'Iuf IDltilllmCl1tr1l et.tUCI;' 0 -·mcJlge. Dit

HIIlIlJ.I.Iili' 1;'r'i.'l !,icbil Ii !:la.fl" ~llW >;M .lrnmmll1j1 ~ ('I €"iIilh:rftl' -1;1. elt'mirli .d" th'Ll11en bl",'1'iJL~fu i'l 'lUll ~1t.'l.h:illll~J:fIli'l"rll(lfil1 N AO;;, 1mb E"~dtEC'1

UrU!1 ~ll'" nbirlltL'lr. .

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i: ref] u [fd) r ffinl.'linll U.111Jr til 1ft!: 'l:h U'II' bd!Un b~r £11 r.

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m~l'f~~rr~ ti;l14,tl ~fIUrltl1t f1t1ffignrr d')I;'''fd~i~p,l' ullti ffll~. [l1~&illffCl1tll~rtlG unb Illli;lr,~lIm~n tt;, ml~-ent!Hdu I\.~ic ~p~ilj)\.~gl'~. morliullfNnjl1I YOb !lhm.

ZlI~' *11~[IIli"J(Iobnit( lutm bmd} ;Wfodrl1 gtJ;r ~pa trcn rrthJ'Gt \t,lFt'bm. 1"tk~~. . }fllit fit ti,,~ . .;r,t;'I~'lI crf"([f 6d I:lmr ~t:nlll~1iQn unln ~lia~'tttJ1 Xlt'll r 1atj 1II11:! t'l1trr:r,('~ll> l1o~ r !ltrq~ 11.1r (~\OOoJ. .• 1l~ a'I_ .1nW~' _ pl1l1l£w~n in i,lrttto~ff(fi'Uu [I bnB 'D.:rriH!iitben h,. r.U:li r~l. I"mu\)f"'n" tri~1 in twiiIJlninr hd II rWI~('U Ii lUfO ~11t'H'r. ~lh:rtwl''Ilnm~~, bt'tl . \1'l\fti1c.«~ 2tlftl\1'1II1i [I til i'hl.

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'DI:r'fl'ltfvsul11'l nllu,ddc\t n'l'tl:I~l; .

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tifcrii ( L • or,t~ 70 kg ':fv~. I~ .\~Ut~tm fl~~ &1:11 .'1!1f(i(l(fmb~n ~«t'c Hlll'b

iI,IIT )}cia6( fk'k+l~&ltcl. •

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n.il~ ",t-rjd1.t ~m"'l~ 'If !!f~~l'cfl;

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- 37 -

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Ill., ~lt ~n.1tIidl"flll '~.f! ~1'f~~1tn "·fYrnl.tt~n~ jlc:Ui lKltl

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-31-

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lirm{Kiv~(' fill ili!lffimuff" J;I:b~\' I~I' I:~nl J.1!.1I.tI;'I'l~:tlfdJ.r lInrr(,11. (S(\r~ 'Jl"u IllIIm1u~,AI" (ntfp J:J,I."i'! btlJ {i":(ol,f~~ll ~lw:\kl1i111!mi1 ilf, (I'Il\'~~fi'~11 .fntft Irl1 Lwi tift' t!rttGqI'hlfl1111Jr11 1111 lti.ll'I'ldl[fd'1tl""i'b~uiJ) M bie toU ... il!f,l.\l.['l'li1 o rin 6wd~11111.l~'l1 1ftl.lnilllydlii.'rm: "~1,"tn 6rd.w~TmI'!

(~ - <;m~ !lift = ",ll1ll1ii~!.nl\'lhmrdnr)

I. . a'l!i!n~\ll1u\'!I'@Uf&.I; ('I ~O + I!JW' = li~SO +C;~\vII'e' ~(IIlctf\'.:tl

(I. '~h~r I 2' HaCI + H .. w - 2 HCI + NI1~W I IiIlh Hel

.~. 4.{fd(lIl('I1.Jlll'0l~~'flfll; Hp.= SC) .... + (O'H)~~ ....., 2 "lO + Sfl4:'Ot I r('.Jf~r<f'wt'~

(,2. i§\TJu) 2 ~CI + (O~)~W =' 2 1-1.0 + OJ~ W t'11i. MaQJ-I

c .~\'I ~tI!I~'tt~8f:n 'iO,~ Sllln~:u 'l'fl,'kn lfid!1 IUJI!il"fiUifdll, tI~c bm:l~I'~ri1(,ll II n OJ eh\'l~ fd)iv~~. ~ 3iu~'~ 2 )IJ,tr,t; bcrbu1I!41 tl1tli1l'kl, MYl!Jl!.1 IlUlli "rt11J1t4~m 1m ~iltrr J CJII,~\·tI~nbt J\:Q(lT,i;n~'(. im \jtU:to l IlnlEttfd.J

- '"!;l -

"id'J1 ,L!'mn fn:ufd I ~Rb bnnlli $)(IIi1il 1»1 bet Dr. 11 ~IDdITI'~fii.> 'rrmutit u. 1,\., blU(1) l~t1l:Im( It linll rimJ1 It'll:" nijnhaCliI 'maIT\"N tnt "\.'fill IUl1'l). ~I. ~JrmapTluIl'9 1:1~.tI ~{_ltITO ~ m lIIIit &10 £ m"dtb!'udy fe~lCl'- ~d;l!lilr 311 l'td)I,ll'fl. ~ilTIHn',tfl \Orr'" l'Ja I";Ht~~n fei !ttU I'Itld'l bq I""f!·'l'n ~l:' tenfd)ob(,ll, (In I:xn! ~nlia.l ~~. 1!D.l'T~· fmn:dcl W~~.I:~. ul1 fl.11. W:~lt'! I.ti~('~ ~i'rL!'1!J t>11~n I1UrQ bl:-dl 'til ,uffttlilfri, bu!5 bu.c:dJ tQtl~nil'''~lU !l~.rm blC' frrk UtI' n~ eln 9l'L'li.ltl:lllro(~ U'l.n:rfil Itt. ,. ~. n~d; b~ rn.i.!'LlFUI2IU

NJl~W +2iLf.C! -2 NJ:lCI + UuW

(!JIll mbtd~eutfdiftl i'S'rl!ll'l"~m""fT~ ~t:fJ(l& ",~, nr (nLllci,) b~r I!ntfi.11irn'll1i 2410(0,00) {I .• I'} .• 750(1_0) mg'l. ICllh, rin ~~lliooja' Ulh 4~'~ "m;oi<Sr"f$: loo(f~'r Itl1tf h~~dtLI; .(!oj i~I~l.nnp r <t ,fl (0.03)0 be • .f::I'., 1>100(13) I'1Il II ~iJ ~.

·(1.: fll!!, ·~hi'J1 .. 11 •• 1JJ[JfW. (!11CI1I. Hl19,J >¢. ~J5.

,!I'U«ftrn,:t :!rlll.'lttli. q{lml., 19J.9, • 61 •

llDIiI',t'Iltf,alai1Illil bruth ~c ahl'upftl'. 'Die m.,UtuH 01 till ,to bllt~" ~(!III~n~

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.~,j)i1I~r$l:lci~ bOoIl C SO".,2 H=n.

t = no -1(1!l' f1,OiI I aou 15ClA' :20(1[1 Q~

L. 1 J/~ 2.11 2,00 Il,GS ~3 O.oa gli

L~ 'b Uj I ~d ill r, I:IOr" ~lUil.'I'J' {ttl 1.I"mbt'l!chltttt(imvfl' tif! ~ I tl~,· hlG, fI:~ f~~ulltrad"U. dIifi ~M\.~I) b~lt!r~l. !'l~il' ~~~'IMUml1£1 \l,l,rb ,1lIKbifl:9 1'-I!~l1hd 1l.tIlJ!lt(~1 !}¢rmulb(~l, ~D,U.N Col S:~~ln'n !lL~ NuCI unb MA ~1(6 ~,fl'''m'''hmlil1rl' 3\lrLl~jj bit ~[l~.~Utl~'fi!i~ '1:I1\'n CaSOl 'b1C!rndHW:f l~"~j)fu."I1 C~,[ 100,(1 i,l 315% :t\llil'rl'fLtfllijf~lnj] fj.ll:b ·~SJ' ~ ] r .. a~i W'(,:{jdl). tlit Wi'ptl~ltfq~ti~ 1;11WH ffrlbt'l[ b~ r ~i\B~rrii~,I'h:1:l 'Uti lI~L'~;rr\'Ji nt!~tl]rl"~rr ~j~~,[I'I' htt.. ttm .f!~dl-btut't:\'ltr~llirrlflfi'r' 'Illi!l'~m illti~t~~tTl' bit 1~~(J11"A'Ylll rLd~ t;llr1'1f['~ $)1)~t'J.'(l1r JC1fdjii 1I11~ i'LliH' I!)~I"I' nIb, I 06~ ~j"{lftdllbig'

I1Itf{C'!:1 1 2 H.O --). M~ (QH)!l. +2 HCI.

- 51 -

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~h ~ (::!. rrthl[ltbl'r~ Jt'ITC'Ht)"[li~ftt~(I!:O ~ t J'l.

Vl)f'J< ~hlll.lJ!llt1 ~CIL epdf'rttl'lfftf('liIT~rrcdLUI1~I~tdn(!m 1m Z\'unJ,lfl' rrc~~d~ '1~3,7,

~h~flld, lhi!frt~ m~ ~rJn~iVlIVH~f1 19!:i1l~ 3, ,,10.

2. r.inmlmt.8' uub (!hdgarung D.Otl ;WOldtenfQ't UII. ~ernn.ft.

Clgtbllll _,ct jtDn~lfnbJil\. II ntU rUhd '1l lilll'll~\ffr4ftllnll,1f1"'lI bill'll~ bile 4kunfd, a,rlf'kL·dtrt. -llia1t r ~l:ltl''r ,tilt!! ~~"bnm fo':~nb.::.lli(ll lIilr "de- 311fn14rltul11'n. :m, n h'I~T't 1).It. • "ottb n 11M -,'I' or'll 'lu:l;hltU 1.}t\l!r it!;' .K~~CII,ll ,mlpf nllftflhlim In~n".nllbll1 in belL e~df,nmfjhhril:lt([\~f ~UtUtf, 'l:ll'rmt~ I 'UnG! fill' l'1nc 'mirbLiron~"CIIOmtR bt'll ~tlm:bcn'ltlt\ nil'! e,,'''dfullI11T(,f i1\ IlmUIJt'~lbl: 'St\1I tfl:',,[fkit, bl" t;;UI:(b lnttrid)'I,t ; 1.m,Q~I~r!rl(ln't1 'r~:IIl!ie i'l:n:nb ~ltt::.

I"L'lij~n I'..,on. ~h ntU) lTetn :r\dr~l h~ RrClg(' orfi",Ul f~in .fnIlTI. ~i,~mll'JilC'ntn:~ "~ll!f~~CI'I ~dD,iiI.d:' rmrarr n~~'h u~~Url ~ rt ht\[ @~~Il~1 ~n (O(!II~lIkr.&1 Iott.~b-

UI1 n~I~f1f'l1' '!»l1fi.'It,(Oll' CO;l): DO' ~.If(1t~ll ~l!1 ,U bilt_fr 1i.6thllnt~ E fl.'f:,l lti" filgn1, .f)~~ \' ... e !J{all'~lll1} nUf C\' iJll1l" ~JJ;t~m bn tI~m U,ii)M.bi:nftIFt nen ~1r.brfP' LI"'~'fm. rdfi~lonl ,~!. ~!lil1I'UU .11" til 'I'HtL ~~f'd'fi~Lll li1u{ DW ~l\tt.b1Ulil, \Jou ,i)~ lWOtm '11 ITdltthli b'~ hi=.fI1lR~rt'l 0".1' ffl'liuOlEi H,11~ff LI "'fl'll1t'ill'rn, -l'1'Itf\'6d "u.d', I'llit. ilh'i.cf.l1dJl:. 11 f "tllf~(fitltl'Il(U ~lWll'b flbaLtlgalJ :\tllln ~fI~If'l. ~m.uilil:i' jl'd'l."O\mUtl:t.d61 Qll)t .t!,l'l'1'~fi~l1cll IIUI" HI (lll:s~nU"M'1 ~ n eIlU(,[~ 1 fi' Oa:t Dtll I'll bfnftufttis[ I)ml 1hl'~lltfl nI ~l' J~IU 0r t It II ~'d"lldr;:" b~ln:n \!Urtl,'llllt4iilL'J1 11i~1 fu-,; ~~r!f~Il'IJI,rn~b. fn-. nr. li!1iitb .l'~ t.l burif~ c:3t1.u~rli"'fl ~j]

II r,'UI't'I1 'III1,lU~L'~ ~&;id"'L"UUlOI D11lld (l[lr~ 1~{1'31Hl\i IltQ[llc il.;n' i'l9dllHm:

n,UHII1R bH! ~Uhm.- ~('fit~}~ (hill tor m(:Ir1'iJmn ~~u ~. ~ ,fl:U\) frHcm or '6.AJliI. .,'lfilJ1~' pCl'LII1 bi.H. r l'! ~:iil ~ fidft .t;.I,~ ttc II[" ~~In h.:r~1 ... [u f(ui)1;' .')~oLt~ r ~ , m ~d~alifrh",~n \!.t~1!T~l' mllH tli, 3fmaUL'E' i!C.1:·!,rv1 'I~rhlr;f I:Ill~ e ~NdIlU1~'I1 ~~!f~ Ottfhtn,

li!n.llIlIg. J'll,c 'XI fd;.dtll.lll:R b{~ ~.l~ ~d,H[I lli{llI p.1!II1f .s ml!!;'l b.utd~ ~'~Ii h~d\ol& Yllb NJiI~fd~iDn tl'fdl.;~tlil. 1»~t '~lio~C'I'm It'Ulf1.rrOIlf '1 bb'li.t 1>kft~

- 58, -

- 5!il -

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1:" ""iIlJt .. noQ-c, = O,:!l? bit'ttlltm; tlj:d 6thii"r~ = t\79 *ll(b t!L'tlrn~1Jt

l!. .lll-~lm~~ =- OJJwn3 iP~ tfgi&1 ~Iif) -lid i't1'illJrtil1c1) mil ~I)rl fitl'

UoC Ufl~ 700 rom N1!f~lmj_bnt

~i:lI~ i:d1fnl III Oil =: G!I.4S . 0,21 -- 1-1,5' mgll

J' '~'O'!!; 150: 334'8· C,0003 ~ 1,001: rug} I

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~i Ii ildl ~tt" iO' uno Oil ,u !hff~ bd 11130 mD1 1)nutt

~jtI I {)II 2CJ11 sar.! 1000 Ilr.:

O'l 69,45 53.68 43.219 Up57 '0 mll(1l

o, -) 1~1-15_5 1 \ ,.\2 9',12: 5,5 0' fTlWl'

COa 3316, 2J ~ IS 1.688 76~ mw1

~ . ",-,ffl1T~ull{J l1'I11 ~uit·

~I'I.-= ,,1l1l1lut1tl', IDlllI. 1'1. ll1achlfgul!l£1 II. ~I'Du'rffcl\CfiQ.tv mt. 3IJ, !til.

&lilggflltl.lJ'~ Xfit' ::!fuf~(I'h 1\(". '!lift' t.Mrl~1, ~f1 ~i'l i (J I ~,tJ;en rt\a9~

11 !fl H illj1171)mf, (l'U'ilbAil~d'ct~1'f :tIi' flnlR"*1' 1M '~Hrn I,~d) bC-ll!l ,r)n~ j1t~11~fr!~t~mnirrhm !IJ--l~'f'fkl~r~ ft., J:..I1' iu] fh::~ .ilhUckl'Je~ItC't! rminbl:-'t'uun M 130:1 'bel i1dlTn~t!! ':b'mt~ernll!1'L'n &:"I~~t, JUIl bmtlrfflhuthlW ti.lniT~· ftin (ilL11'O ~16~ot'lM~1t(i mug tt~c l.:)-ieb~h~I1I!LIJ«aHtr H.tnt.b~~ lie, \\UhttbJ'U'il 11~1lt' fib'l'JI'.tit'L\U! trl;':Chf~l 'A1tdl~R. ~lIfllumm [8:(1 f CT ~l,1-dun ~~I;i'.I:II fefl nCmfflB:~r ~

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s Nat ,Oil + OJ = 2 NtJ~SO ••

_ ~II iZlrtlh.'rfiioifr'f'. Il1kl:i tun fQ fd"ti1~~l!'r 1J\'l~IIII!f!,~~ 1C fililfjc:r ~i('~ .glll~ ;

1Il'il'l'rd;ntf~, iiC :!lof re bu: ~,,~UJi' unll ttl' fllr "ftrf"'':!!" bm:!l ~ITn 111 ~

011 r(i:cl,limbr i.!iuff1rt 11 limld dnl! e,,(!,ul:tdd at'u fI~ ~ lie I2i ·.~ir ltt< ITtro. l! 3~. i ria ~Im }ib'llim:fi1l iO !il'l1~ti[ dl ifI-:i cllil ~ a n 12'ficld.'k n IID~I'" ~liI. mCmlltl~ftUff~ \Jt6-tlltl'5, ITtf'" b-~t 't!n;Miunt~ b'Ui nu] 0, I n1~' 10:1: 1,2 mgJl N.O'"sO,. £llc r~'I~<Jt tli~lli1 I¥ir 'l'~lldl.mf\l!fll~ Ii'TfI~i we >®f:n1\'1I111111 'UQfI ..c:([)I,~idb atllll LI1 l\1~ ·t6l\!~i fl'lltMfj.qtr. :Illc &~~bn ~lll" ~1.irl~&r;;:]~~1 lin i,c:~rll'mr "IU 0 :bUl)d~ ~dr(jHfdl ~l#rii!Jc fill Ini:~Ufirrl Illrdlw .

.\!iii. : VnI.. ~i!JmJJlIJ \'lJl1 ~ f tl!mtl Ilwufl1 ftihml,ld<1In f £Itft1 hi! :r-,ui1pfr("'d(IC"Irl«!~ ~ 9,,;\7.

ml frtl" '!f!~!.' tot .lIl"\'1l.llftfii11IlTf lQ,li, e. I.'lIi.

3. , .. ,onO~U~l$u.rrcufl'l@n.

tt 'I:RIIII~ 'j~l;~ J~Qr;r!.'Jih~,i!1 if! Im'j 'e"h:-ftTul,'tJ.fIUi·;dt tpt.'lr~3lllJll ul't'hi~ all'fl1£tl'l" OOq· ft(dfWff llJi~rb I:1Thoot:er auf fdnil' gan !ill .ol'!-C'rfMdlt- .I,l~r nLir on l;i~gt~.llh'l~ Z,Mftn aU]J(lll'liiTcn. 1li h,!lm, \]n'lt( fl'{!l!l Ibit :~":.I'.Jl~~"n Jll! dncm !not: I~; bft lQllllil.1' ; (lrtlfl!lu ~Srf ~If! mT ~lIr.1l •

Ztic 'i.::n'im.mUl!llllil'd'6r '!Jet: mlfk1(&~ !\;el;<le ~rl"i!ii~1i\ ('!.t:I1,f11l'1i un 1m:' ~JI tr:

lV~ rum:! Iz!w Im:orrn~. ".3l!.'1tU ~n1!ltl~"'n r1.1I~O lUll'>eiGu '!)kt~ltl 'kn ..ztMfillr f,,·it rn fLfolgfl~ IDOl'{tL\1I e aD: ebro ID."cm. tollli (u~fid~1 allllt! tlem ,\bliU~ nt1lI'hl:lm~llI!n ro~ hll1lart 'IrlQb: ~1iI ~drtr IlcI-ullb~J1Icl~ n:(Gnh~ '" 1ab{Blm 1!1\lfitll!tli'fl't,,"U~ll. @lltdltlollfdl1 h:tifn U'lm t\11i! Dr-trill ~~Hil~': fcin~r 3'~lI'tn UI tidt\ 'll! tffrv- 5 Dc-u ruldslU I'oj i ilrtltl iii q 'i~ni cit1t'J1hllfl if! Of Ij~rUII!9~ ~rmfu. Nc ~ifufl:ll (~b-I n~(~ flJli'[r IlDntiD ,Lluf. tllil !'1,~hlll r~tbft m1F111.0( ,tier

lI'1'i1dneblil'bI'Jrcn 1$1~\"f;t.l'unttl n~9,m'O. ~l1"l>lll bi itl' lH'1lJ1ttf ~Il ~jlbBl1d

t fli Onu ~mcralf f.:ill'" oLII: fiimlil ~dll1~'llctrl1 "'11(,~1 en,

!1l~m r~I:IL~,1 ~lirwl" ~Q1II .:{nq:n b,m :Uf~lI[)abr.ud ~t'I i!'tl"II:'l.U{I, tl~tIlCIt(,lh lift'IJ'l~1t ,,~on"nZirud!Jj. f"ilit !Uirll1~1J b,,,,, ~ hl.ul'l' tine> 1 ~'tjr G:;rlJ!.?~, 1~J:1iI1 .bfi! ~pn(" Ibrnlif 11Id!.6 tili=lif'I ~fli:.t!~ilVI& ttl_rho . ~ tlHbI>t ,hfl I.\IlUTl' ,fin (9h!h~ ft,cw id:i I litildU\!I .HlIJifc[w.1I tin! in l'~r'lI1l1 A:'~~l3nb(lll ~wb b~n "jm~ i)~'r lIaf'I~1f1' ~ll't'"U -k)~Ulbtn ~lIiln(H, - ~d dn!'llTI ,~kn ~R(."hlll ifl rumndiO ~i' ",OI1Crl;g I;triltd b~ ~~lL~la.fill% III ~lC' btiu ~~MLl ,hlUoJ;!.t, fliJ'lIutr Ill( btl' r.IJfuJ1tlfbll.ltd'. ~f~ fdJl'11l~11 jitd 3wr~~~~ dlli~l' ... encn Ilur bml tmd~t:1r IlL~~Il. tlillit, ~t'jmH rlrit» .,ilji',llD, btc ·t6flJlI i1~S\"'ltiU." h,lIrn bi'l.lr C'T,,~i~hlmJ) :tnf.'" rnl fl;rw ~f1bcn Q.ulllr~'~('Ui)o(dn:D. I!'tn ~!lC fIir tiit ijll'J)~ b.I!'D £o.(mm:UMlItPo ~·t;)~l:lt licf1: tmrd'! ~ri!liTlI Ull i)rtl ~ tb'J:-C'fn1tll'imlml fd'lidl' Ii lI?riiltl.x~futhl. -rkf"~' Un T'ii:r f dl1eb f .t~·t iim'lbr. nidJl unmhl.tlb.n ~(i('Wl<n.. !lfhrr lUlU rl~!r 0 \lOl'fif II, bel Uliln ,nd '~hUC ~ik'hdbt·Mllltll 311fllitnncnjk[(t lurtl 1J~~~1l 1l1lj!, f1i L~tUiaUn'i,rih\ftl mH31. 211 'e tllJ~l' 'D .. '~f1 nrll:ru ,~lIeemdn bit: '191Jj)r.m~llu.l'!1fTdil~ff Ilc "h"llibt". i"~·I\~lIl l' I)~Pdn mllli li'ttl T!i~R I\\l;rflnii~'ff lIfn~·,mh.1t ']lIl'l.1ItliI'6WII. tm9 tn ci1le H 1-~ll'~Wgc U;~II~~ ~on kr !lilt1liTrrj1cjfiuUCl1PfUll:]lfUff\'llil 1. i. l'B

2 n~.!3cf11~rfd r~ ue I!' , 'llI~tr. · 11 ~~ rrflfrnb-r ~R(MI 11llU" ~ I man hl tliJi'

- ~1 -

Metall

lJn.edei ,etlel

I.Ij[J-t KjK+-

,n l\a +

NiliN + c:,trt! 'I

J\!1i1l M ~ i'r I A.~ +-

- _ ~Mal, .

P iii I -r, fa l1i! BCII = . It! m~ml!11.,ot~tJrlcl Eo "~t m~ftl'lll!)(.

ltlllGe:r 'lC~iJl'bl ii,4;' hie een mel'lIfi Iluf f!iLUr ~!\mncl:

mT Gc:-= Ell + nil • Inc.

'!ra Nd \lh;)t\i!l fklt tr~ ~l« It.rnJil1fdebr:!)b~ -= 0, ifr - ~11 13 OL~\d) ~l@):'l:tbd'p1.1*'i.'tt'Uial ~,~d; ".tdlltlk ~ f~cn ~~ ltW :alifi~(,~Il~ri"~e Ic(ng~~~~~~

m = M9 . m~~ .. = O;S.J.8 mkg = ~~t1 eul _. WII:U!iCI!:.

k-mcl lit g-Molor: g-A1blf1C ._ a.:!1 .1Ii1D11lC

- 6J -

(,~, fifl!b; 427 r'l'ilq!. = 1000 cal;, I I = 4jl18 !WtlU flDC); T r~i = !fH n lI1~r~ ,( '18 u' C' if P = QS 51; 0; _ ~r [1!lltfu·Hd.:H!~Ql'US lUI lnc ill = 2. ,303 • 168 I! (:5l'iMf'(:IC'I' &g.no:£r~muii)· ilcr" trail,. fi'~:

, 0,H&8

E~= En + - IIlj!c.

n

l'1iJO ~1,~~l1F~t.'::111r1!)t(fJt~ift R.: 'Ilnn ~(' 'M.d' ~l' Jfu!mrrI'IJi"~1 rJ~'r '2'P'fiCn. u ~&~i¢& lit!! ~Clt1l !nu'rlf1d1t"o ~i~I~~l ~,~W~(dl(:I~.

~ifif!J.lk[! !pt'U)1I1.iL1L bi'l' ill:Ia;iTrfl:.ciffd .ftl:'~t1.c it:'! rcmern ~fff"~ I[H+] = 1,0-', D=I.

EI:i = 0- 7· U 053 = - 01'W1 q,l,tt.

1.lI'tl!IUlliWl ~ ~f"ndlft[ be' En 1~ "FIiSIJi,: [Pe +J= 10-\ n =2.

Elf - ~O,4.a -; . 0,0511 = - 0,527 'IUoll.

!ldrl \~t~ilHi~T ~t ttndl~l !lIun.Ue lII.li.rb m:ffil amt lltflq:lfrul,kr ~I)n~ f~n~(Jtt'r(ltwll U:t't'C~lf b~'t: n~!l..iktllrl:,fI:~rrd~flrl;llbc· K~~C1

~ I.: ·\Btl!Ll.",dl ~ a~ LL1 w. -'ll rhl~h Dt~ ll!ortWJflch TJie!"autfilJott ®i'rfnllijr, ft. ~, ]f.iJti.

Dill' ~khm!J Illd~lIi~tl': W~nl'.1!ll. =l.llul)t man ~\lJ.1i'\ \l£rfd1iWtHt !l)ttj!llle Ut illr' enlJl'iIfUTlIJ'I'1f, fo !C.£!il'iU man etn 1J1l1l.'Qllifd1'£d (f1~mmL !£In,., \k·~itIHn jl{ ~ ~ l\rl1idl iJ\ talC 11 t Zll/iZnSl') -Cl~ ,iCu. ra inr ddjto~ rlfO'll.'lrfftfl: ,~pft " ,(,,~. II 1 id, ttd'; z;tffltcn, f in ·tb'tIi1M4tith'lli'~WlC' _L 1!J,34 -(-0,76'") = II~(I !JLI'LI ~f.lhHb t.i~ '!'Ilchl!l, l!Iurd,. ~'\li'f1 COcfl['~Uurtp-:: b~,M tk~unt;;;n lihlCrt!-c"R, fi~fcrt ~~ ~ltln('n1 !?iri):Il~. '~i.tfu: lI('fit~t dUliJ tlfn Llud I.f~ff. 3hrf l'[)nmfi'tlL....,ib~·11 (flcof.Jironfn. ~wur-«) rett_blllili,1j ~bcn ~efd~rltllplC' Q,ikhbg~t~iCt.l~ I!tdL~l!l. ::Dt.t: ;.lonftl:tlpuct- wn',b flfotDI4"r. ~'r f ... fnlltJ'Iilltl'~l~ 'ID«'I - mla gCll'Inntt birQ~;:r~~rJb, 91t'I.I1' il1Tri~n11~1 tlf£WU1 HII f$r~m~. l'Il~ ~I\'E:. trlJlb'll lf1C"'l1~~1Cn n,-lt l'~n dur NI'I1 i'rl ~I ~~f\'r 11 k1tnlrrrdiL:.t4'l1'I~~ ell + oj''''!!iOI1t'f\ rI~dl1Hj fl'1 13 :\\uj}fu. ~ud)lllJf l:irr Ji;lIt)ftrfdtc llIirJ;! bilt' ld .. f1~~;.,bf t I\~ Jlild ~ ;( Itlla;lI Od'l fl:!,rjiJ~r lUi thai Gill ~ t'~~lj)llIm {llif btm . HI!!'f r nitt14r:. ~rt' Ni<fiUnU-'Il,r:j](I!Rg bl'ilc~t i1 duf1" fOl'j,vMJrClllf~lflrlilllllo £! \'I 3inrD~ 1l1lpwin

L~~ Im~btel1 JlllL'tiJJh:\. :nit I.!iri' U' f~r(dllitn~ (lltltilll1luf I'~ 'tn~IH ('ll1 mh

bt'l' fllJ:1I !)Gdi~1J(tll)"lll 'lC1J ·gl1.b~· nil:'l fu 'I tun, :!'tn' Rill ~ i_V1I'i)C iff IIt,~ fit b(c • ~L~~td I 'h) l'lll1 ~f~tTojitg.n~\)il'i' IUlleu 1;1~" I)~" ~'b~ut~jI111. (i(lttJrnri{fflr I!~cmtlltt ~n1fh'~i~11 imiJil1~r ~,i ~fh1~nlflll ~crr~!t~1I b~l'r (! loff~" :Dit n li~j:l 1~llmlJrtiUJhl1~d1t iiI fdb~ iflI.d unmjl"tdlhiwi llS~tU~fUII\1 mm 'imft(llh:n ~~J-d 1.'~~:thH!b~fII. ~QbllJ..b ITIq:U~I'~ tl:rli!'l'1~i1t l\C'ftl,l"ffnl iji, l'I:.Ii,,"" LIt frjJmJ);:: d1tl-'tf £m1:Ur ~lHllht,r.1if~n ~n~l\1. mit Od;, bJlld un ..... .bt~ ~.n{tnU rl.\l'illtmTcnb mlf· fit!; " 9t-bn. 1itdl bllTiTll r~~lJn'~, q-n.dp Il.'did; b-c:u"CI'~'>I" 1~ ... fr~·fiilnl1~~. 'n.Ji\1 llllrJlltl.' 'Dl'ldn:U ill nU'lll Qii1.' ei:i!:"ll. ~dIlTTTlr.ft bo llkt~.llt("l1 ~tr~inn~£r (!1fL"n11,I,'d1r (-illkt§ili1('g'~). "Jilt b l€ll,lOigi1("1l ,ztdkn fu61'1 bilL'! Ij,hmtnl C£ifnu

- ~ -

3iTJII gOr ~rTd1J'oc.UB~.LilrC'11 c.ofllfl*l ~\i,1. (!trrl~"" lIIll~t: Mimji6tfbll.Tl:l1." f'l111J1I1l"'~1 roOf I Em l·tduh~ l!'i~C"11htl."~ (till iuld ~n~~cO~u nir d, u~cil j ~'t Nl1 ;3in'. bit uneb[ltr tl1l ~fmt - 1l"'l1b~ ~r:U in ~in\nl,r fJrtuM llul'illMJO 3ifl,frd"m~& ~rrf~~~"'n. tile' ~1'''(;~~[~\U\'''ll ~'lih "':;1; ~rfj~[1 tl1 'dJ\l"1l U.llrr~ '!2nn;',. (n l'ltr gM~,t tlllku.r.' -:mr~l\nt. ~'" 'is bl'll'lIlr1llli:r ~~('1'tilIIiLrIJ U1nb 'J!l'n"l1l[k'~ ~IU( I 3i1i~ .. 1hid'L' II ft(liY-ijL ilii.11' J 1I1!b ~t~'bbll "1.'1' br.I)I~~(llk:1I ~d~lff"rcl)r;l1.l>pl rLllJ)lir b"i4- 1Il1l 6-d)UIJI! I;i~ ~c(llrl11b9bIHIG Ilt ITr~rll' '~U 3infftilli fIlliiIT~11 mrr.trlk r~ill bh"ib~:rI ~tf(-~'w,:: a~~L1fJ:n~m~'n ~Iilb 6d}uQpLllI.1rll iU tw ,~l:~lt.f:i..I:nT(lIlortn. &tr!)lI"~ "uj ~1AI~'tijn,"fll irrUh flnb f.l~iI;ufi~11. ~11 iJlHlh'rfut.:tifl].J.lub 'i!l~tin' FI,.dlll all ~rlb'Ut1"l'l IIiN i;lullfl'l" t.tUNI IIlnlfMHl:!nt [ida~IlIt-t-lIrll. "ll.fj I:)cr fiOd~uQ~ "laU,l'Q ~d\'!' 111·~~lUI . .'dn 1111.11 I~i:rrf(lrll finb. ~tifi~l1faUll fi1nb: fie !tt.lllJ!l"t!~; l~dr. ;nrU~L'U '.U,~jiMll"fl.tn ,\11 rH~IU~r'II.

1iud} ~rtlnbfiufjl im rHftlt lIdH'" , lJ gllllJlllIlfd ftl 'O'trimlln ~ fjHlldfful~rI, (11t(!v~lr6at I9CJJ ®116 ifcu Ii"doiltl .b4iLlllbt~ ,~f!II·U. ·jr.flf'!Udt ~r'IliTDi IIJ ~tlbo1!11 S~lt5l'IH'I1I, ~~~lI~bl(lr. &~!X'fd ilrJ Io!fr!l'tI, Sll"i"lL' lI"~l~ inctIlU~.ltii'l'n XIJP-;Vld;l".~ \lllf bern Wfj,'lt" ~~1bfl 11,l\lfdJ.ll"iO tltrrttJlt~n {'~~ltb.d~l:!tm ~dliill C'in~ _ :nk~'fliMiMI' ~l1b.·n ~d\ \~,,:r'l'ltiG;tl.ttlt(rif~\~.r. ~1if fail nUtl1 ~~lIUtn i;1 Olt~ I.!! fru ~t!:' ill WfUft,i1 llr'(\t"l1 ~ if,til

4. . otl·ofiomm lm ~nllt,'ltle',er.

Lnll1l btrCIltirr~ "!It1jr.lt'cd"mlln Io'I'l1'lbl,ih'l bi~ .'Vl;irnl~lllni1'n p.rd ~'iL'ff.fllmw[l.Id:~ 1),,, III~ $leffd C;er:,fd1 nbnl [\Q~!"f! !l:C'lup.t:1'tlrniCI1 ~f1ltt'l~ It n!Dcl'fd;llirfamIJ b~1: .ijeU!i ",~cm ~~U' :aojgr

t. l'ftrl.'tw1' b~"d, rcintd ari~. !oifrll 1&1l t<l] fel~jllln rtil~fll:l1 ~ITel:1' uma '!!nH!>ir!l"'lll!J ~II'I~ ~ fi'lrO:..'tT;

I-e 2 11''' = Pc. '"' t ., Bfl,

1:ilf. ~11d11"l"fiio1i'hmn~ il<l~lIIrr(,TI IUW l)o( rll -!&lTtrj trl r~ [liD I I.ld 2"2111 tlicl. pH~mnd '. I:i,~, [J~-] = 10-'1' 'Jll'ld bn- ~1",rllflrtl.l('11 "-'f~rm~r ffi Alll ..... b:Ill:j q!t.t(l!·lill"tl1 [ ~ l1 '~lJ~rfh:;ln lU" 7 " o,osa -=. ('1',4 Il V Il1lcbltr 01" Ib~ ~hmrM'h I'll) ~*tu.~i1 fur [J-t-+-] =1. l~ lIdra~t ,tlfll -() 406 V on fa' r(eUI OGHf 1 '\l~i r!I~1l! Iifijf~f unb rIllbl~'lilil «(T;!b~'h.;j. (!ifw Ullib ~lUr ~ti1~I,j uRrb't~r,c1l ~R('mlJ( U:f:J' fi'g tlIII'i~ 11 '~lITn'. ~~.t .3'lInnf.I'J~1iII)l':r,.mtf ill "':1(', 1UlrUllA, UlIIHWifEUdli. fl'f1 1100, {n ~h:r pH ..... '" i!1'I rcU.ft\,ll~iilil~tI. lebocfi LH't~.t1 ~ll11!(lU 6_ 7'li'if ~lrr"rh;ffimjr:nli~tl 1.11 ~ltr!J L1r11' O"oSS V ~~u lwhl blo¢. el'tli'lb' .built ~Hel1 l~tgffll1U.!(t 'Dill) ~Nfi.tr. 'li'n 301. 11 tfi tin p Ii~tt" f"'Hl'w S ,15!i (fH +] ~

2fI,,5. m~l = VK ..... = r.ffii" 10 -:1), ~.hn ,.r.,Dd"b"~ucfFtll,L \lrl'~~1t rid, . dff,e rm~iicr n~ic 'hit': f~htlHld \' ~OJ.11'j:.1~ ~l\ofl[11~tl Il~ i.trrl1'~lI~ im rdlltrl !BRffL1r' tll~r:b kb~dI IoLllb dll!~~lInl, Thr f~dltllttb trdn 1l!1ITIT~ .. ibff litdi rei

~tijl .m boll\tj, ~I fm 411 Drtb"UJ;'d, IlIIfrb fli( [¥luflUI.'I'(,,·r~~rt,ic ~b~L'~ ..:.tl" 111

"p"l;1)lnd ',c:xJo" 'it' in h~r £"iHm~l1 b 'ifil~{lfid'l"'ll ~rrilidonl'll FI + l.m~Tll ,a[r~d)le till 0011 t;~ln lI.,il n(M ~iL\oM' 'lttlbltllllil ¥u·Ct(f~ld6fl1l1cu C.-tf It ~11EJ:IIl,~gl ;n,

crl! bHbd 'lid- dll Wh;lI,dltl(UHcfrlro 1.I1l~I~b ~rb'f4l!:Jn ~(OI Ufllfig, lil'rnd br.1 t,!~frM u ntl l!I~ttI ,p~ "lJ!:11tn:mf bu Fe -I- +;;:;:J IJI·lfh. '!.l'li I ~'It li tlrr{d':l(':Mmg I:!~ Pc ~~Ollell n'lw~ l!.I$ ~inl~'1!1lnldil'lJ ¢ll'b':r:,,~ll:'l~~&fll]IJ 1~fra bm;! 1JD\1IiTc~' Innna m .. :ftl" d,e~dHd~ um l' ti<. ~11 (Eillil'Ul3 b\:'I:! ,'tltl'l~f rrl~ n ~i '("II(2)~llbt'on.ll!11 tI,,-u . III i1~dTl9.('t '»ttL1g( r~ Udl' iii ~

Pe + 2'J'H =- ~e (,OH):"

1) bLtl"d~ ~o('f.,l~ b.:t p}V_ ert, tllt~ mJu ih'fieiWllKtiitl II I ti'lrb ~lllf" J('t'. llk ~.rl.flt. n.~ ~iIlfit Ilill.j. ill[>r::!:l.b 1m'. fiMl1L'tlbt t5f~ll~Ottl1j IA'] I:'tlc~ Taa.:nJ111' iSllrtcr= Ii.:., v~jl;;mia' 'e:tW'~~1 ~!D.L U'"f,: f1lil\'l ItlU ",in f.ld ~id"lIIrl~l lJco p,H~l"t' ~ '9,6. ....i~ ~lletrutliUR.1I 1ft (,her 111U! b-rf UU,'l'f<lIil(:!.' 'Hf\Hld(i1~ldt tlt"m l6,tucrp,.." (0.1'1 ~ u .... t.~ n],

2" &ta:rll,lfhm tm:d,' .D1I1tufihift. ~ RU ,!;ad f:t'iir"n rl'd(lllcU ITOl(lr rn~~fiubllfh tJ~gl.:'u .rd,nre ~diff .. r hOh fll)' rnu~ ~ f~rb" bll!:li"41 fall'1ll1dit. allma h'i~t adij~l w~rb'rn. ~irf1 ~dfi.'f"II{f~ tlfrll!lrnb;)i" bde b~lrd.~ 1l(J:~il'n.llVl.g lub L1tj!H1 CO Udetttlfli hi. ru ~rli Id"'H 1 I illl.ilIT(l' Iblldl 'WlI"r~l'Ilrl-! 2' tlUOg ml4"~ ~

2,3·10-& gcMriI lCO~" "l}latf, bel' '),UI[tl1ld [H 'I = I K ",~ I'ft 1)1r (H 1'1 ro~ d'kn g&lT~i."" tnit K =3· m-l fCl~ ~o~[nl~~u~~':

[1-1 .0-1 .= 1'.1- IO-r, 2,3 • IO-fi =-2nti~· JO-p 1.

!j31l1~~t ij:i; I) 71:' pHffI.llJC'rt = '.5l'11 it'iint nl"f!!i j(iJ en HII".:dl'it11 nn jdillLte-1JI (ilCbltt.. '¥'ion r.!If~" ( fi fhf;' lt1llt£1: ::ru1'ln:~'l'iiJlllii"liHt1jhf!hnlfi;

r'1!" + 2 H =- Fe -+ -I- If ~~1Ib 1~~;' • + 2 ]1C{1, - fie ! UCO~ .

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'!~ +O~!Ft:+'''' +0-; 0 +Hl ,,=,20H-.

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lfl CII" "'" Zn.l-.L + Cu.

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~f.~ ::r-nud,«. al)~frcn:lQiT't' 1I1i1b 6cdfr~~R(\\~.1 1931.

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1 dijt:bl1ilfltr.

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k ,b'1:lU"\l::llIttllhl!U th=lt' fc ~ -!-~::h~nl:!u (~ fcflr fl~'iwll blt .mC'i1rti1j)~~ utrMllh.

IUrt ¥llul~,ctU:illil. l'ldlltr ~11bd ~hl~ ,ltlll!tl~i!!r~mlJ ~t't P .... +·JOI1Ul .im .ntrrd~[~~ (tIllU l!I!111l 1nUl:llt efne l'I'WL"tUr~r' (!J1Ji!!r~l.Ul{l Itl~'£l @iftfi~ut"ntl~lfd. ~('~ f,fn1fld~ltn~l ,C"1I Orn[\o.hI1IH'l.1)l,}r&fUbtl~, Pc ++/ F,e ~ . liiQ)Cfl rid! foil I i 'i s ~1IJ1l'" :;Om) 2r Lint! l~ltl{rt I!I" llif(,11 rr ",.r,.1I:1I ii,)h!.i~ Me 3wif t'1I"'~h P,I; - F~O = P~~1I ~ In ~t ll'ftllt\ lilll:r ullLmrid, 'r(t. ~ bilt-d ltd! nu ti'!iT1W:: f(['l~ilr I! ~lh.~rrdl·(~ll;t, bt'l' bd"o (fifo rl ~l~fd,iml~'

_ ~ HI'm~Lflld~I,ldt. 3m.: e,,~i II In inn (ll1uIljl l1i1Jn~ ~ Itr tll1,) iii n'll~ rl1u8! l\lI'I 11111 Ildl}t: 11 2l t$rh1. tttlu &U f tHJ'n Hr~cbcll.f l IUI,U'·bt I to i'~lll;u1!di 1'1;1 urt<, tM.tI' "'~~·IJIUiJ"ll ~~t AI':J!Cl I:i't'AiIIllnil'll. ~t;'lIit rfurb(n II(I(!t '~~Il!IC .'11 RuOH I~l(,!t£t'~m ~il'h! ,;Dn'~ltl~r,. kU Cilf®tI 1"..w C'l:H.lrl "h;!~ bll1~d1 dn C'r~1;blLrfI~ '"'T~d,t.11 bro I!!r~ltPlJt""tU!1'(l IlruJi q.~1!' ml\~I"'l~ ~'(tlt. ~d Frli!nkf1 'QUr~ilft~l[ .l~1 N'1l0H ~eii11 f\~D ~DQh'~niL" ~m'l~~hO fUilf !fb, ~l'III'1!mll' '~!;}n + (J~L69 V. 1:i!li'!:l tlltf~drtll dal(~11 NaO.rlt(3lt!(1<C1I !lOU 2.5 _11('1-:1 e?llillli~(l~~mql NFt(H = H1QO mltt'l NaOH. ~~d :bl,r"r ,Itl!}"~mtr~tll)n: iA'fl!'~!'Il' I.!rllF~Hd 'till -11U'Illlnl:i tI..:r ,t!l!'tT.Q{ioIi. .i)kr nflJtll 1L1J1f dtt~nb bit 1l1lQiHI.tfirn m£,~hl.j)l!IlIl1rfl fn~ tlh:

-~-

..ILb"lII:l.1, [11 .. r f~ir"'ll!:l1 _il'Iib' illlt I..JQr. C1bi'~'hl'l ~l;Iicfrfi ~\Tr("O~nPt bll "olnum{ ;nlln'id,lfi 111111l;al11; ~mll I.lP'Jll Il~q..j g II N'l:iOH an ~dL dt I.UIl' rrnhl i ~~ ~ Gc,' 15,7 .. ,1tdOlillnmn )J() G I N~OJl !en ~nt -0,8&1 V 2ki l.>£l'I'trlla.~'tl MOlt~(III~YJ~umm Qiiclij b~w; ~llf i I~I~ Wo;tl" tt~11

I" :2~ i LlTUJ"

a Fil (OH):1 = ? H t Ff!.~nl +:! 111(),

~!U\I[;'I<!CPH~. L1 el..u t:ilJ~ n d,~ ~icr '~l ~~ f. (~~ ii1I~ € CI~1 rr j t1l, ~fI' ~.{, ~ IIlltl~~~'J.'I mi!'r,~ i31 of! J 1l'~u1irJ) tl'\~ AllOH),. ttlrs/!' ,~1~ lh:!__ ~h'( rllng 'I)~fI Mi\OB ri1t11~. ~11

bdf~iJLtcll ~i.rrt'rm~. i"l'~!l 1\. (dw fI~9 ~l!ll1'ec[ ~~'~~II' ft ~p l' Iillcf~ neff (.\\1"1' hie e;tn:'d'~~R~~ bL'~llf~m.If~~ '1I!J!.'t~~n, Ill. ffil!!Lttl .~d mr.r~r d.1lt! , 00 g [ N lOB ~,m.dWd dfi'1: dn~r t n, 21b0iTfr ref,., ifl man lUrrm iZ;dll!l'~

fLlr :;"'~ • '» ~O" tlolJt N:lit 0, (f. U.I.

\::it, ~ . !1urp·nl).:lntrC:lmlrfi WI I III ~ j)j,·oofi,e.n 1!H'h111~frbC'l' l100i jiil!li', ~bo. I, 19Ja

Sllriflllpf1:g nti ;Dll'b*n~iII. tln()~Il¢Rd}:rI'~ Y1!o)ilt:ltl 'hH b~.: \.cifdlilll\JITt't'~, tld~lfbfl.Hl~ lui,l 'NIIOH 1J~~ti;lnd~ bc'r, m!"tflll,\lblt~ ~ ~1Ji·t'illlm U111;) tb{~ 6ttic~"i!lri~. lUl·f ~ro 0d1yllrf~ln 'b~'I" :tII,~ti~H '1,1 firl.llH ltlfm ,zf,ltlablll'1lCliil1:0ef". It'!rh'l~. t'ltC l~lfliunll ~('-r ~1~fl~'~'(o"111 !)£,M"fC:jj(,!l ,~mD ,.lUi 'fftfd'li1~kfunt'llil~ ~III~ 1I11Trn&.lfJlI!1t1 'NbIl19 f. ~1~ ','1 11~.: tB~fi11~lIn" '"" a,. tlur~~ billl Gl1Iho rrab bW .\~ f1·~·t1\l~ fi'trel l;I~ttl rft ~ ~u ecl'li~lt~bJlllcb I~ltt. (tr([~\1 r.mb einc ID~t'~ f )itli~1 tint'! b<;jj It:ijll~mll'llI) ~I!l'(b lJilfbdrt(fc'u rlll~Vt~'Cl II ... at\.'lIff(· ... ~, ~Ll'f1 0'; iii II t!c ut'w thl~Lali9 ~i .(,11 .: uir."t!\N @a\,~j~ff"rl"]JCllfJW t;l"'~'t"bllll bal! blu:!.:! >.1.Jtt&Il,"~'f!l!f ee1;l'ilt1\'JJ;.· folll;l~r!nc ,hUM!:J\" '~il(wl' .l.'ud' unlb ;;t~ ~""rllrlut bt.'11 .~cffdjl iil1~, ~~fN I1lc~T:'1J1 l1~~r ill lkf! ;\lIullf lU~l"t. 'i"lu '1.\ c{'L1.I'I 0l'9 w,lTI) ,1'-11 fil~'I~qr tHin ~h!)i1 "'", oil Al~fitlDtlld' 1m. ~'r llliir dI1f1 IX.-Q 6,,'f'('ll ,'1II\'\ ~In Wff~hJ!i'«ITIl'~ in I;i '1'1 tl~im~f ~t'rd"l]j ~uJ:~' mi~l1ftiH~l'It 1)1111 fnd:n ... ntdn l'im·dt ·(1ig(,I!'t'l·bt\mcpf'lUlilih."t elll C"I ~'t~ umn l~ljil.)£1]i~f rlJ:o:fll,llbi 001. 1"lrr i.m d('cd)lI,Jrr C'ITtik~tb( It~~i'U~ ~hmb \l\,~11 tll'O'Il 2: bill l I'l~lif "'flm'b'!"' fi~h Ltl b~t· 2U1'i:m~t iiidn fdtf~~tll .. 1I::;;"lhl~1li "doll'r\, NaOH ~ll~Cnm ifir birtl ~JRItIll Zlr;t.liIl 'hlllmfl \'lUll UIIL' 31811 ~l(lti 6Artd p"d~~ gL~ ~I'U.', tl~tlriij('1"ioln " tILf I('~~rfriro ~dlll ,,»lnDallJt.M flit :ib ... , In~;:fl'I1.('2.~ ell1a_ hlUb bknr. 1fblrt.l1,;;rlm~n "rn£i 11 I u 3--- iLJ~{~ Nt'lOH i2'lod ~ • ~rQ.n ~d'mt'LI!:

ID'IUU Inl4tl'llwlll!) tJ.rr lkIJnJ.lft m • r~t1lr Urill, !ltb~lI. J)in~d i,~ ;1IIj 1.Il'"lI'In-:tcJl1 b!10 bi~ - 1 C Itdtdlbl\lf:l,:;r bt;ol1t'tn-G r.:k{.;l f fllnt~ tne~ r.ti:.nl("f'I~ldlr (~hjlltlfml.'

bltkn~mffi __

l'\"'I: ':lJ~ tiff bH.1 ill!l!.! ,1itWlilt'f.'! fl'l f'utJ. COrldu.b'rl. f:.Th~1J1Lfrl.1 I'C' Ii' ~i"'nc, ~.~. d;(:, id)lm.'lJ.llll llHb'f~hil"r'lI "d ~~""'f Rlnl b(P.i"111!1,1l'1~ '!b1Tl~d.!lrr. UIIU'!.I1<"fclM tmm t'tl1l1'1 i1!1' IiIll i(rr.:m e;t'~Itl1t"Willlft' Il, r(lD~ IJ k'rf,mnl'll, T~n'd~ au:f~~~ fr(mb~r ~rQnl" nt1Ft ""I: ~~nll('LJnm ~I l0al ~,L~r~lIl6rll, f.'_~l\~i'tll,ill~~!l, It'-I" {fti1a."'\llll]ttlll~~'lUll1 rct_ 'fufd/d!.b .... iIL ,~m f)J:rft f:~t-.~!!!fi(Nlh'b~, ,~W"II:I (fh+---OWlillkl. !ltdnot' ~llb~~1~~ .I1'f1r\tr:~ ("r~ O~, :'Stlll'l 1~b~(iFM.Ji:'n mer ma MHmrll 6(lLi:~lllU}fQQlg (:5%) b{lilhml LY~i.......3° ~[I:~'ln~id~~~f)un~ uon. rdllwl !!ie.. tHe l!ai_~nl1 midI' l;I!1b~Jt:dJ ILlfl ~n mlj,'Lf ~Unf[ 1d:!i'1' I rr .'~f:f1n·iI-'lIl1~r purl I.Inb t:'h! Ilrfjip,t\"I.lIlf) ~rfl)YRII c;nrhUlIl tttt .llllf\lc .0\8. n B 11f blr aful1ll

- 70 -

15

homDgene llislln,e

5

f I

I I

-

tiskr'fMlle Ii. Eulelrtllf'utrl f S'8lm~iJIrKrlSIil/~

I 11m!

1(£/& It Selmiralr) ~ C'uleJrfilruRI

w: F 1r:,I' N.'

~.o"I;;-. ~-7!----=!l=--~~____![]II~'-~-L_....!!J,

r;;f' "IlJ1. 15 18 Z5 30

6ewJ,chl6plYJz~n,fe NH~ o

- 11

e;"1~111.,1fdrwu~ Qiu1f lillb &d B I'vklln: f!..1· ilLIte In, '-Ill ""'('Ibe l'(' ~H \Hllerr'tJlb B !itnd1 bti.lII~ _ >lIm IlPfirijll'l(k I)I)'E', .:lilt. ,btU!:"1 111 (hucftifum+

Wd rN'1t' t)Cll'lrttrt ~'M b in1 ~ did btjinb{id~"n ,zo1;.: fl}nrrr,u jj'dl tlidc ,tllrh Ft{fLfi,co ~mrlfw, bilht I~urtdlnorifl: b"r .... II'~rl.':j) 11 tbriflCI\ ~c1hn.l ~unlk'.,. '!I1fI.1, ~tdIiEutl~ ~lIU s.a,u NuOH a Uill) lJIn~ ~ Ttl/a N~ (854) ftl)JfHtst ~'m~ b!i'~ ~(I_ ~!D tr"I~UIiJ£I I!I~ i:uf'MMi111 EoIDm~ nj ''lffo ,~ i:r{l.iu b!lll'11.1Ij 1111. bt,~ hu '"\'11:,,1 l~fiiubn~11 al",~,r. r.,. qUrUllJlrnlimn,r~l;Wn. !i(J!S bit mbaltd1~11 ti:il.idltrd.'L L'lf;lrt!flilllb b;:.r{DilltU·.,fttlU\.,!(;l'LltlU- Utn:elJL fu,~I~ G~~llitt. ,it1~ ",~tmil""f~c UHierfurfl"mg tlL-g, tSd}l1i1.J,!llll .. t'(~II.It("rl.} .!.:Ion ~lltnnijdlm. lr!i'1: ed.~'(w~ ldil fL· ~ tlU',~1l 'tM1lt,ddJ.m .. mu ll,'l(ll'nU1t1 9»I1ITn) .e~u eill"fiC bl)l11",f. ki ltlllil$iI4.1.,"""1 "ddft, biT io, rlu~iiU ,qlb IHf~JI1tb~ ~ Ttl ~U."ba"l: 1;),1.·lIrflu~l'in£11I bri ~«m~i'irl.l1Uf"1T um 2700 u1l1~1iIt. IH.u:tfw IJlat-rl)HL.1.ul1(' fln~ ·~l1rltn. ~m rQ!l'iiffe., ri1l1~ fpidl Itltr SiO==,~tJ1~" '"I ,~oU,.o11 f,~ G'~ n,.lli'\' fltlJlfll J1;ttrdf~nl:'~ ·l\i'~lih. 1ffij. tYf~l!mnjl-md.~n'At" ~ 'IJ.,];Jl bit !lk~ fn.[1.U11l1Ui!:h hni!IIl,dobctrtllti p~~. I "teL N"OH Hr! ~ i'1I~i;'11il ;3LI rl1J.t ''I.) ,..\ a:nlrn:

Nri:aSO~ l],ntllNliJ!.I:"L :i U\1 \culflll foll h~tl l\I[JOH 'l'mt~~\1kH, jD ~Ill§ bit ~'~f'b: fMY!If!lIh D(,[lf\tnml.cJtl. X10 l\rlFllmJt'td f~mm~n 'J;I;g~ alh:tI~ In ~rn~ 11~si1'id}n r"l~ilem~~ ~ffQ;. frJ 0l'ri:llBe .re~iTtlllliCllTtir~i{~1~3 ttltli' fir Ul lrf [dJ"ftfid1 n~o(N 'lr,dlJ'II-LllL' in. Nwliri1 ~cfdj~Jlnhll~6 MJf 1~.Il:[ltia,i! P~tUlrl1nUlhllrvlfll!.:~U-1 ~."l' lU~ 9..lrrfn'lltluu b1:r i ~~mtt~~'Qfiillu a;et4;f\1' Ii1P~~ ~'i~t~iL1Jl.

.il'U. ~ >21 tod:, mdttlllllUl: ;)m,J c: ti \'::i, 1,I,1!1Hfilllmm hn i ~·rrr1Otl!I.~j, !I'ift. '.l)Jniijhlk. 19'-37.

m!1cf~J!' n'ro!!u 'flit l\t'IIl~vertfdlO1ir, IW'i", 0- 100" ~tt!tf:I .. 'Die lNtiR£t I ., e. 219.

~p h£g.I!if"", ="A~t'{I<. ,I tim 'llliJITl"l'fI., [937, ~_ ~l

~uB'itiMunil NI! ~iI1l1tdu[lt.pfl.O>Al!ijaUi- !f'.~ ...... ~ril'ljllI."UHlq:l{l"tl-p[)lrl Ob mbmr~ aile iNfI e md~,e' ~(l' 1(\~f{ld.b,rn btl!" ll~IlQI rOIl\\. :'!l~'i ;U~Mmtll!m~ v; lJ ~~~.l"~M l' .. urn. ... lr~~ tl.!.-£ 3~tf~1J ~en :nt~Ui1 t'1'Of'l 1l-~lrlidjg Ud) ~~.mb(!l~f~~ L'Vr1!bt'l!~- Snmld',~- tJ.t.fd1tlr~ Ibd:D iV'~'o!Ii>P~tH fd}'Ii:~lkt:' mj\'! IJrli]il,'~l .N]' ~llD lI'l,t~ rhlltt.ol1 ~it: WIl:H!:~\"m:J'nli:~l~r '-'kriTcfuul1ij tJ<tr :lt~~( fl~l.'~n~~ ijtl'"fl~Ii~·h~.

r!I: It!runtil ifi 11i.;: t'ltd ~!j~cr~ llrllCt;Jlidi ErH tJi'~ I 11 Ll't~H.~T •• ff1.itJiuuu b~w. h (td:'lll,OOP'l¢h'I

.3, CII + oi t 2 PO. .". ell:! {l>1Q.lIf·•

t':ag nruir:l1[c (l!b b&m- .: llll\1JlGttI l!iilhrrl fief: !.'Ql', ullJnlldfo in J1nf~

fr"ltrtl dbrf id",rDQd} Illhtifd!el"ft '!Wlllifrr. d 'Rat'fli:~"'·1.' UUIIlI1hd1 btfbf't fi,.;:

tnt' [)1l.11f ilt ~edlllRb-l'I!"a' S}lltl;~n!lt\llatttl;

10 ~gl"·N::OQ)~ +a2INn·OH + 6 NllilP.u" = ~~{O'i.'Jh- 3 ~~;(PO~)a +

20' N~aOil + m ~O

~O ~Jt SO,...L 2 N~OH + 6 N111°0t = ~1~8 (~H) ':3 ~ta (~n III + 1(1 WotSO.

- 1'1 -

~,Il1IJ ~~o"~6tlol uiirl) bel Glltfltl.!}lln!il bEll .e;k'l)ni:n IJJW11tlf1l! em hl!ffm ,jlLlUnl!'lmt,n, ~" i).'Hm ","~tl 'ilJ~r~Jll1Ii~P.OA: aO(J\'JfjO = I ; J!ll~1 '11' reM

.~ '&cllll!m ~~"IJrtl'jilc"ll Cu.'l(P ~~ I ~1\1. }!'1fMPO ... 1 ~I¢ I .3 iO lIM,~J11i)~~r'lt1t ~(lfdt lIt u1fy 1J,i.!~ bl~ re-l1Ud e- ~l\duf,"'l\¢)Hlf~ak"tr, l:Val~~11 b,n'E4 1irifIlHtI""n nut> bit· ,U'llr'l'QI"IJ£'IJ';rre i'ntri}l!'nt, '1'I1il1l I\mt!t1I.)~l(!Ill.J.~nhh'1 !!lit' mcn6~lrir lIalk~i!i ~oUndl1~O:. 1:Insll §ilUit~kt(!,pr'l1il f{i~l~j in l~twJB~~1 ~I.O:tt~J!l. i"Ih:l' lL\d~cn lilt ~kl'~!III.:''L''IBLIllilt'' (:.,'ili ~llkIIT,~r'" HU,t. ~tt [\.l!J:m~u IddJr kn lUI) Iilll.ui',('l1 f)ilmh tol e ffit n ~ll!llt' 11 ~'jal~r Leil. ~~"" '}.~r~Cfj,~~llt '(Ilb I d.~1 d.i mit ,~~i~ (r I rdln;~ Fcln:t'.~ hO~n, [t'r11'fdjbin. _~'t' ~mlilI11~'1 'rl\ITl'1 fillfeld'! rt1.iil' 1:.'1('11'1 .'t('n~1 {I'l:'l btLirft '~trt:':cll. IZIlI ~.lt nd', tik11 I' ~fll'~uOi1rfMu. blot 1).11\ ~~W'l"ftl1l nurn

IIm~ft'lIdl' wi'I'H.

1:lii~ft iIDltftJIIg fmlll .j,'JJlt1 -tjlocEullll ~, l'i(ImiTCl n!£'I'W' ".llll~~rl'l" 11 ~li1\cll

I""IU! \'Id IInllfi Illl U\ lI1l:t' OOOf' Il !llLJrdllnr~[ ,filii ii{1;(':I':ruru'll \l,!~b.. b.u1'I;il

Ilcf __ QTlu13 I!Irtn~(~I:

2: NI!:,pcO + J GuSl~ """ J Nn!lSIO. + CII;t(P01)':!+

i!1'~[td), ic~ldj)1 (:)if~ :tm~llf1"ullnl;1l~~~f}lu l1uf bi11i11 M.clli l[l[~dJ ~IIC If'!;'Bcn ,hNti;!fil'lU rd1lR:tJ~j"llt()~ iZdil~t von '~f'lw'fi!o~11ltt nirOCl'. !!t-d~ i(bji~J t~o eiif n ~m11 'l1CJ1,rtl' bu~ 2(nudff ~ -aVIil~ol ~(Ii;~ mrb rom i t BiI'B~ AI '(t~JlIm n~ Iltrllitfli.1 pml.

-2lt. = '3lm]1(~.. it ~l;11Il rlQS, .::. 181.1.

Jljajn,.f{ Ji.kw jil" 'llJ,rh'HlCl1!'\rll'd"lft IlWI.6. 2i9" ~u fn', :l'1r 'l9i.lnm: HiU"", i!-.2'H.

'3(otllllllJ.\Il]JT 1.1" '~DOJ)r;lliJ,g. "fl. ~i.1! ,ruil~fd' Zlur:'tlfa~"Ul ~ liI-~e

~!lrl\~t,ri 11 j{'~i111~l;b[~~(" crf~L'li'l:'rt til1t a~IH1Ut- ~~JlJfi G,ijt fAr bc,e l:r~ud1t.ll(,I! @:h:.'tiI1U 1b 'I) ~frl'll'lMrr!"i"tI .," :n~I~(ltltj}n 1I1lt! J:rlnilill'twuII'Fio"(\"?~.d. ~l\("\OI' nU"11Tru n~ll' ll'. =hYlI1l .llrcIXlifi.:n (U1t:r,fdluU nl:!-l'~j(nlil!rt fl<m, "tt 4d!~T III1l,r gb1rt'~tlu ll1tf ~hlG S&'l\iJim;ttl 'li~,J 311 "Od_l rr~1lI J:Ind '$nm1 Ilibt ~m (!I~l~~it 1lt~1 NI!O~ 111 rn~I!li1 ~L-1A~" £!)Imtl ~ 1lt.,"11'Iin:J~ I)r~ IlUl!lftfd1~ 'IDnb~~ll b,C:~ nd:' hl' J efTe] ~Ub~lIbll"" Z~~\I *l'lilm' tM'ft I~icfr e:tw,l 't.'!~~fII (CU{,"«11 &Ul1vfdJI I~it~. Sit' II lik.Ii I Ibd ~:(:i: ~.rfdi~RUltlll ~rr ~cfi&lirlr t'm'rfl Ni1'OH '~1~. MlJ'CI,! 11m" IiIlll·(f'. (Hm"ll~tf~1Jltl nen N ION l .. lIt bi11l (m 'Ji)liI[ltr g( !:lIlt CO:Il , 91~iur~l1d(; iP .bir dTr.tUfd:te' '1ithmt) ~.~ 5l)llu brTin~iliill ~tI 1'fl)1iii1ttUliB I~id,t g1e.d.'li If~ll; tlJid lie nut .;. t. blll'd] i2.iWfO!i.:lja: . lJOW 1IJbf~itlUct. ~~(l1T nrl'mct IllIlt ()il:tn 4tB. !t~U titre €f(l1UJJ L-rfl.llili!. I) Il1'BLtli iid ~Ilnn IUt ~ltltt'l>1I" 11~1 :

Nd': - mt/I NtlOHI + mll}1 NR;'C04t.I.5.

3~ii1L ,mil ~"i bi1 N.u Z 'Elt\1 ~u [200 [)""tIe!lGi1n. fi~l~ .')I:ur~lI!ti'tim~!_~(M ~liIfl!l~ bl 1[b\u~fcfl~~i' 'tI.lJl[ (l'6~\.\~'~<t.'IIl lui I N~ Z" a,l~irtlwL1 200 unb WOOO. ~d Unr.oi' rcn~dt tlt!u ~O~ili~rMi 'bd ,{t~.'fI'!.'[j~1l1lqf~11 <: 5{1 Ili~ nr{_l B)()._...iIOO, ~d > ~lJIlJl 1l1Ut SI')-IM '10(1,11 an'~d)-ntll

. L"lri!.lUrdf"~111t1oJ .'fi\t' ~h\~u j)t.[jrorIAr.l~1 Ifr o1io t).&:.m .!ll;'ql.bo:-' ~~lIQ.:J:)l!f.i~1.lO 13:l:~nU. ~ !mll~f"'f:111: fif~. Nt chi 'ltllfJd~:iI: ~I'~ • ~L')'1!l1lj-aftl t'1rt[,L 11 r1~J bet!

t· .

!JIU1:(111 ~trjJll N~ .. · HI HaC) ill mC(bni.Jllt1 ~IJ ft~(1" rl.?'ll{?m1 fWlr i;fim biu'Ul ~dmli'h mirffllUilcli lllilril P..al (,lII1ftll!.l"di(n:b.

2 Ni'~ I, "'" l Mtl,OI ,..t... P~Oii'

~Jl.l:r~pbot~(lI~[ PZ =- mi!JI P!O •

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u bell, ~ [,,'!' t'O{1'lI rot. 3. Urlt r ~1rnr~1 ~lrrn olin Hel IlUd tli!):' ~'litttt(' IroPf~UI!th'lr'l'l !ufc~ru. ·t !aH~tJ tID~l1\'r fllrL~1.ct1, .bloC L'Lc~6r!111~t'l~ ~m:! 11/10 ~Ol Ili{tj p~.J!l't'l' I 11(1,fll'1:'t'O" 5. ro",,{dfi.: .11E't In [I '2 'lr"~fvll ~~ J ~ ~ r""t 'ddt fliq:::~fl. 6, O:lJt~I:!~t' t1/1 D HCI "U r~',~m, 7. ~i .. b ~.ri("r fdil1;.l.fId~ t~l, tlJl',I'lImt;: 'I;IL'1'~tm!d} ill I nil Hel 11{0 m=t"Ri'tt ri!3H«I,,'u ID".It'ditUI' lU = rn _ p Ii'! li"l h'l! ~i11&~lIIf .ff<n·[~I)I1'I~i'i\'1jon1 t. .I'I~'1' m£~ iii t:o~'r J;ll:Jblr li1cfi.nJt:

;Jill~[;1lo1t~ltIJJbol t - 2 (m - p); .1)1 btLilnfl>tl1I = 2 p -moo

11 ill fHln11 ~offrr (1 =- m, lC ent !ill i.'M! m:Lrffa Inl" ~ ~1J"oJt. ~fl 2p \ nt, ro mU\'il,t t1iW iJBifTfn:CU'll(;ll1t1t~ C ~'OtM:J!Ul1 .tt ~bl"l1t~, '~i1 tln!U'!lt1l 2 p ~ iiIl,O ftftltu tic .~llJbll'~tll thUl1. • nf~r iiltb nc-&t'l1 0('1f! • nrb!:'tlllCtgr~t 2 p ~i~m:boI11i1 e {lit ~iI'l'II'( m - 2:p bl!it-r1i!:L!~iU:

,1\Lll''fj~u.d~lrr'l1,lll - ,2r ~ ~i'P'll'r('!.1nrHfl~6(11t = m -2,1'1.

!in (';n~lifB m = ~P. fC- ('lIuM,t1.~d 2l~w n~I't' e:~~. ~ft 1;1' """ o. f!) mUi,ijh .bil~ ~«'ITtt rrue ~ I fJl rbl!llld{r. 'til ~h:I1.gt m,

£U.: iIl.i. flll alUli. DIJ: ill.l,Irmr, 1 • a, am.

. t~fd'mllmg bnl!ll!d1'L11I1~i~il'Jf 111m. II 1mb m. :UU1.1.b£'1l ~rl~1L p Ulli~ m 'r lbl "111:, l;1i Cjt'lutall: ,(1,0 i 1uLe fDffli: I I Ib::l1Cll~'il:1t ,an I MIll NriOH .,.. .ro G tl8ly. H~ Mol NJ.I! ~ 106/2 fl. I tlm:ll n/IO J ICT ~,jst :f:irlml.iliif ru HuOn ~)\I, 1'0.6,,! fIlg N .j,C0tl lUI, oq:t L~, J Illm::CIT 100 001'. lNf~ tr illt I em'll n/iOo Hel ·10,ug/l 'NfhOH lI.!UI. 1'00/2 mlilJI Nn.i!COa, ::Da'l!tiLllt!;

!'Illlltfl.'l 11 '(I 61 ; NuZ = (2 P - mj • 0 + (n;n -11)' ~Q{j ~ 4" =: S6.>l r - I Gi! m,

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~il61~ 'lJlM~~11'll~l: N\j~w'= 0.9' NfiZ

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flit.:' ~1'i.r.t~':tllu, j(endf~"'Lfl'l .... ITct:l'rft~tJ IflJ7.

lnfl1(nlri~(:II' fI'j~t ~4iT~r.t1'licffIUIIJ. ~C~ G'~~'i"rlbl\lfrl mi~Jll('n- m{ ,

,~II W (mll ~t,e :!ID!"lIT~J'O i~l1 Ubh)lfrjb,.tl1. nuHl (.!.lG~)1:)lj;;ilf NaO, 'X'i,t 'W!.::iTunn 'ilh:b ',~II" J~,IiI'f('ll&nl :5~lril,!'f;I.~r-"'I~h·oUe ~ ~'nrr1n~nIT~I!n: 'tUlW'" md ~,o ~11( ml~i.aPLlfim~ fill" !lcndI.JC'I:'; ~l:fj\Hl\) mit km 1111h~rfm: !U"I'u.gc:rlit flu btn n1i[tlufdll.'.n licITtlbclrlcb burd)Rtfti'~f'I,. :nrc d'("l11i\f'b ~nmJl!1t11r.P in h~"IIl 34U~n ~ic Ill~td1-... ic Gf~ l~~h'll rn ,k,; ~~'hf(lll ~J 1I(w1." \IL~d, flmfb~llil' t(!{ihrritt t iJ· ~. MgC!., IIt.kt~m bnrdJ lOil liITi II tl,'IlT i gN I' 01 IDIU'\vUifinl ,e{d!O'rj1'1r, l' 1:1"' f.i (If . I)ii ~ rl:! ura, Ijl)lrb JlfO "lR.rffrr tnDfh';

Ag'" f· CI- = AgCl,

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r,)l~ tlihl 2l'OritL''OlIlim~i·tt:11:

I (~.d~~w~ffHng mil b~m ~Id Ifllffl~~cn. ~ g,'fIGld ~ 'liL!! ·or 50,em~'iln~~' mil WQff l' fulten, ;2, I ~rrUlf"'l ~'l1hil'mJ~"~flir ... & lIflcb~11:· ~IIIT~'C ~~i'rb .~elb. 3. ll/l~\]~"rit~'Ild~fllllfl ~~~1"f:f0ll !~~Ui:f U~lIf('hClt_h.1111 (!I~ 111!l' ~ll~H~r ~Ll1!n!l: fdl f~J.n)fl[~t~1 ~l;'fll1C:Ull. mrrhlt lCr~l:'lh:n IJt;~ !:itt '~I'Prtllt dRill, ~ld) btl' Ut~ hnu.dJ Mt nIl I) AIINQ.'1 III Q:nl~, ~~1Ul 'U~~cntl1 nlt~ br~ anlol'fo~I~*~~ ~!I~]l hj~ itl'il.'l(tf~1l t1t;l~&L1. -.zfuf iW~~t 9,rnJ I' ~arft~] ('ti~1'l n '!tr!;'N\7l1 •. 7l1r ~t-. r,;t(HUJI1g i1l dnfilt ~ i I n.J\R~Ot..~Bf~U)l,1,(~Ot I H~::)"fo\l1 ,m . 3S,s. g m~. I cm~ niH), A.gNO. "'I'llj~H n1f(;l 0,1.1035:' g C'I, '. lhw'll t'd~ 1vl11'ell 5t1 I::II[I)Ii. 1Cfff !Witl' I coml nj,IIJ AgNfl~ U'[ilbt 11)71 g CI tm ~It t o):\L"r 71 fliJllT 'Ct !In, 1mo:

I!' ,0t(6:", ct n\g/I ::= Cdl' II!I 0 AgNO. -ll - %,Iil:!p -en nflO A§NOa' LL tld ;lirifL1l1tl~liT r wirta tilt I)~itt' ~f~l'Ia.~ ""OI1_¥ mg,ll m-, nU£lC'SIl,. bun'" ('I, I mi = 9 'trlJrT.rn A.gNn'~, ~('I ~'Pfrffn"\\rp' int ,~l' . l~nl fl:nt oftrrc WrL~l~( ~1iII1l 55 m FJ/J CI. "w'lf, !l,77 ~mu = lJ ~Q~'f~!!, tid G:f.gdn~\lIIgO:, 11I~~llt .. tid a "'rnlol1}riu:: hie: l.'Il'tl~'1" {~hIlU ul;ln 90 mg.f1iIC! tJ~I;L1! 1,3& tm-= 2 t 'tr.u~f"'m:1 All NOli'

~fud'bffl;i!.i1ma: mU ~111 UIWurU~lL1\UllI111Hili.~ 'lrr ~~'r1i1~UniJ ixI': ~~;

mtuigFdt l~ifb bllu flIfdlfdJr ,fillT",lIH'llTltr ~ulhlm~ II('.UlItIl !fCtt'L 'Uut3«tlap 11I_~ mil ~int'l:' fin;,.i:d,", 11ilbernbrjl,lIu.uull ))\:>i,ldkd i. IDtlthlJl:ljFt! L ~$~

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ft)r~I'I.Ii!1ItJ~t~ ",,!:JeD Gi¥ltff':llJilITm:1 hi liIlWL = 111l¥lT;f lIer ~clrr;..t¢il~dlh'n Iml" ~;~JI.'rcl'Uiu..lnilfIiHitl . 10.

1(i~lo~Um;l1i"tj. :bi(1J[!1 'hdTi"h~Llfl!ltli ill mg/l = U]I~~tl ibcl' '~dlM~I,iit.ticl1 ern ~ \fi Lfbnnfft(iL! r il1uHQi ' SO.

~~I. ~tllct!;:H.I:!irl Ln n1ol.th IllUf m"l 1 eilla IlJn,u~ff'n![I~. Z'tl 3S,5 k: Ci In . 1 Mo,! [':IaQl ~. 58,,:5 C (nt~IQ.Hr~l fl,nt. if[ I m~ C(- hlil -~Lll''r = l}lhfl~ N$ltl lrn \ll,~~r. ~h'W1;

~"L i illil~llh 111 me/I -= C!- ~(,'I" t· ~ ,~S.

1~ I.; ~d) I ch, ~h:d,'1i1) f:I~t QMnllt1urt'~f~ fj I I reslI G.. '115 (er'f'fh,.:rd1~ a I~"i[tfrrill~[] ).

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~lt.: £-l~ I f, .~. ~JJOtT!!I' ~l:Kln. 1'E!J};II!o.i. 1lJ)(i (WtIU"'U[IU.'Hell).

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- 11 -

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Mfl (C1H):f:+O "",}fJMn0.a,

.f)i.:;.:: fout j}1Ii ~1.Jdjll'l' ~ld [lrilUflU'l' ~!d1(rfrur.a;o. ~lii'lT~ ~fi Ulil ,bll~dl ~'urlli;l "1m ~I~ft\m.;'t ~C6)fl ~r~fur rl:£'i \t,lrb:

H !M.nOp +'l H rJ = I\1nC'l ~ + J H~O f-- a ~.

~~, J~!~111J ;,tIm ~~I~~hllm~o"'itl KJ ri"lll.dl~ b~1'I ~M.tj~ ~ob ftd:

GIl! + 2 KJ ;= 2 ~f:1 + J:t ..

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2 N:fI ... S~(I~ + J ~ ... Nfi~S~'O'1 ~ '2 N~J .

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2'. e('NnllJ~ 1.!llr-jidJti$ ~1I11~1i't~fIt uub G1Qpfm iUllff{I~..:'I'I.

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4. ihtf'~~ jd,Utjgu ~~l;l!'i Im:['l~I'~n'Tl~flI. ~lIT[i' f"tH- (t~:~d'1n. ~nlik:'lij

tl-urd;, "r~(.(.t"] IlI,fwc]I liJUf\~n>ffl)ll!llJ l~t '~d lf1'~vd<: n ~!;iJ 1'1.0.11 ~t ~1l<~H>

r,.~i ~lfn~,ll{i'~l'l~h Vim n.u f~~~~Lldl ~}db ~11ll ~.a:u..~l.

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