Synthogy Ivory Manual 1.5

Ivory • 1
Table of Contents
1 • What is Ivory? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 • Installing Ivory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3 • Using Ivory in a Host Application (Macintosh)13
4 • Using Ivory in a Host Application (PC) . . . . . 21

5 • Ivory’s Structure and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6 • The Main Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7 • The Effects Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
8 • The Velocity Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
9 • Saving and Loading Presets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

10 • Making Ivory Work for You . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
11 • Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
12 • Ivory Factory Presets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Ivory • 2
Ivory • 3
1 • What is Ivory?
Ivory is a comprehensive virtual instrument reproducing the sounds of
the world’s finest grand pianos. Ivory’s creators are accomplished pia-
nists as well as programmers, and know that no single piano, no matter
how great, is right for all players, all styles or all recording situations.
Therefore, Ivory contains more than 40 Gigabytes of carefully assembled,
unlooped and untransposed samples of three distinct world-class instru-
ments: a Bosendorfer 290 Imperial Grand, a German Steinway model D
nine-foot concert grand, and a Yamaha C7 grand. Each can be installed
separately, or you can install them all together.
Ivory also contains its own 32-bit playback and DSP engine, which was
designed from the ground up to perform the various specialized tasks of
reproducing piano performance, and which can be hosted on every major
workstation platform on Macintosh and PC computers.
What makes Ivory unique?

All 88 keys of every piano (and in the case of the Bosendorfer, the
extended lower octave as well) are recorded individually, in stereo, with
phase coherence, and stored as 32-bit samples. These pianos were tuned
and regulated by expert technicians, and were recorded in superb-sound-
ing studios and concert halls. Up to ten dynamic levels are sampled for
each key. Every recording is a complete sustained note, with a full, natu-
ral decay to silence—there are no loops. Every set of recordings, or “key-
set”, can be customized by the user in terms of stereo perspective, width,
timbre, key noise level, velocity response, dynamic range, and tuning.
In addition to the primary recordings, there is an entire set of release

samples for each key. Because the sound of the damper muting the string
differs according to how long a note has been sounding before the key is
released, Ivory’s release samples have been taken not only at different key
velocities, but at different time intervals after the onset of the note. The
playback engine keeps track of each note’s duration, and when the key is
released, it triggers the appropriate release sample. Therefore note
releases have extremely realistic decays, whether stopped by the release
of a key or by the release of the damper pedal.
Separate samples are provided for “soft pedal” (una corda) playing, also
at multiple velocities. Either of these features can be disabled to reduce
the amount of required CPU power and/or RAM.
Ivory • 4
Sustain Resonance is an exclusive DSP function that accurately repro-

duces the resonances created in a real grand piano by the strings and the
soundboard. Rather than use individual “sustain samples” like some
piano libraries, which don’t take into account the interaction of multiple
notes being held by the pedal, Ivory uses DSP to recreate the sound and
response of the damper pedal’s true functions. These models are based on
the resonances created by real instruments, and the amount of resonance
can be adjusted. Changing the characteristic and the level of the reso-
nance can be likened to changing the placement of the microphone rela-
tive to the strings of the piano: the higher the resonance, the more inside
the piano the mic is located.
The Key Noise feature is also unique to Ivory. When recording a piano,
different players and engineers like to have different amounts of mechan-
ical noise in the sound. Ivory addresses this by using a specially con-
structed filter that tracks the mechanical component in the sound, and
allows users to attenuate or boost the noise to their taste.
In addition, Ivory contains a Timbre control, which is essentially a low-

pass filter, but which is implemented so that it is most useful for piano
performance. Rather than being a simple filter, Ivory uses a different set
of filter parameters for each dynamic level, and the Timbre control scales
the entire range of filters. The result is that the “brightness” or “dullness”
of the instrument, as determined by the Timbre control, is uniform across
the entire dynamic range.
A Velocity Map feature allows the player to tailor the velocity response of
Ivory to his or her playing style and controller keyboard, creating a
harder or softer “action” and also allowing for Ivory’s full dynamic range
to be played even by a keyboard that does not produce a full range of
MIDI velocity values.
A useful Effects section includes a two-band equalizer, a chorus/flanger,

and an ambience processor to add realistic room sound.
Finally, in addition to the piano sounds, an additional synth-pad layer

can be added for easy creation of pop-style textures in recording and per-
formance. All of these functions make Ivory a uniquely flexible and realis-
tic tool for any musician or studio. We hope you enjoy playing and
recording our instrument!
Ivory • 5
2 • Installing Ivory
System Requirements (Macintosh)
Audio Units, RTAS, VST 2.0 host.
Minimum Requirements
Macintosh G4 450 MHz CPU
1GB RAM
11GB free hard drive space
Mac OS 10.2.x or greater
Mac OS 9.2 or greater
DVD ROM drive for installation
Recommended Requirements
Macintosh G4 1Ghz CPU
2GB RAM
Mac OS 10.2.x or greater
Mac OS 9.2 or greater
Hard drive speed of at least 7200 RPM recommended for all systems.
System Requirements (PC)

RTAS, VST host.
Minimum Requirements
1.3Ghz CPU Pentium 4 or equivalent
1GB RAM
Windows XP
DVD ROM drive for installation
Recommended Requirements
2Ghz CPU Pentium 4 or equivalent
2GB RAM
Windows XP
Hard drive speed of at least 7200 RPM recommended for all systems.
Ivory • 6
Installing Ivory (Macintosh)

Insert the disk Ivory Install 1 into your DVD drive.
Double-click on the disk icon if the window doesn’t come

up automatically. Double click “Install Ivory” to launch
the installer and follow the instructions.
You’ll be prompted to read and accept our license agreement and read a
short text file before proceeding with installation. Once in the installer,
you have the choice of installing any of the plug-in formats along with
any of the piano libraries. The piano library choices are:
Bosendorfer Imperial Grand: Bosendorfer 290 Imperial Grand (16.5 GB)
German D 9’: German Steinway D 9' Concert Grand (13.5 GB)
Studio 7’: Yamaha C7 Grand (11 GB)
To install all formats and all libraries, select Easy Install from the pull-
down menu at the top of the window.
Once you’ve made format and library selections, choose a location to

install the large library files. Use the pull-down menu at the bottom to
select the disk and location. Choose a disk that is fast and has enough free
space; you’ll probably achieve the best results if you choose a drive that
isn’t being used for system files. To install the entire library you’ll need 41
GB of free space.
Ivory • 7
After making selections and choosing a destination folder, click Install.
The installer may ask you to locate specific folders that it needs to find in
order to properly install the plug-ins that you’ve specified. When the next
DVD is needed, the current one will eject, and the installer will prompt
you and wait for the next DVD to be inserted.
Installing the large library files is resource-intensive, and may take up to a

few hours to complete. You may click on the Pause button to temporarily
stop the installation process if you’d like to take care of other tasks with-
out bogging things down. Simply click Continue to continue the installa-
tion.
When installation is complete, the installer will ask if you’d like to autho-
rize your current copy of Ivory. This procedure is described on page 11.
Ivory • 8
Installing Ivory (PC)

Insert the disk Ivory Install 1 into your DVD drive. Double-click on the
disk icon if the window doesn't come up automatically. Double click
Install_Ivory_PC to launch the installer and follow the instructions.
You'll be prompted to read a short welcome message, and then to read

and accept our license agreement before proceeding with installation.
You will be asked to choose a location to install the large library files.
Use the file browser at the bottom to select the disk and location. Choose
a disk that is fast and has enough free space. To install the entire library
you’ll need 41 GB of free space.
After you've chosen a library location, you have the choice of installing
any of the plug-in formats along with any of the piano libraries.
Ivory • 9
The piano library choices are:
Bosendorfer: Bosendorfer 290 Imperial Grand (16.5 GB)
German D 9’: German Steinway D 9' Concert Grand (13.5 GB)
Studio 7’: Yamaha C7 Grand (11 GB)
By default, all plug-in formats and all libraries are selected. The next
screen verifies your choices.
Ivory • 10
Click Next to begin the installation.
The installer may ask you to locate specific folders that it needs to find in
order to properly install the plug-ins that you’ve specified.
VST applications only: VST applications (such as Cubase, Nuendo, and

Logic) require VST plug-ins to be installed into a special folder. In most
cases a VST application accepts plug-ins installed in the Vstplugins sub-
folder under the main applications folder. Steinberg hosts may also use a
shared plug-ins folder.
If you want to use Ivory in more than one VST application, manually copy
the VST.dll file, which you have installed into the chosen folder, to the appro-
priate VST-compatible host application folder. For example, Cubase VST
hosts VST plug-ins in its Vstplugins folder. Cubase VST 5.0 can also host
plug-ins in a shared folder called Shared VST Plug-ins Folder. This folder is
usually located at C:\ProgramFiles\Steinberg\Vstplugins.
In any case, in order to install the Ivory plug-in in other VST compatible
applications, you should refer to the particular application's user’s guide.
After the plug-ins and other program data files are installed, the Ivory
Library installation starts. When the next DVD is needed, the installer
will prompt you to change disks and press OK to continue the installa-
tion.
Installing the large library files is resource-intensive, and may take up to a

few hours to complete. You may click on the Pause button to temporarily
stop the installation process if you’d like to take care of other tasks with-
out bogging things down. Simply click Continue to continue the installa-
tion.
When installation is complete, you must run the Authorize Ivory utilty,
located in the Ivory Items folder, to authorize your current copy of Ivory.
This procedure is described on page 11.
Ivory • 11
Authorizing Ivory
After you install Ivory, you will need to authorize your current copy. To
do this, you’ll need a web browser to access our registration page at
http://www.synthogy.com/register.
On the Macintosh, the installer will ask you if you want to authorize
Ivory. Press OK to proceed with authorization, and you will see the Ivory
Authorization Tool dialog box. On the PC, you must run the Authorize
Ivory utilty, which is located in the Ivory Items folder.
Use this number, along with

Serial Number, to register
your copy of Ivory at the
Synthogy web site.
Enter Unlock Code (sent by

email after registering on web
site) in this field.
Macintosh Authorization Dialog Box
Use this number, along with

Serial Number, to register
your copy of Ivory at the
Synthogy web site.
Enter Unlock Code (sent by

email after registering on web
site) in this field.
Windows Authorization Dialog Box
To register, you need the Machine ID displayed on the Ivory Authoriza-

tion Tool dialog box. You will also need the Serial Number found on the
inside cover of your manual. Additional copies of the Serial Number are
in the Ivory box.
Ivory • 12
Go to the Synthogy web page and enter this information along with your
email address, etc. into the required fields, and you’ll be emailed an
Unlock Code.
Type or copy/paste this Unlock Code into the Ivory Authorization Tool
to complete authorization, and you’re done!
If you are unable to access the World Wide Web for Authorization, please
refer to the Troubleshooting chapter of this manual for further assistance
in authorizing Ivory.
The installer creates a folder named Ivory Items at the location you speci-
fied during installation. This folder contains the library files, text files,
presets, and additional tools.
If the library installation is interrupted at any time, either by Quitting it

yourself, or by some other unforeseen occurrence, you may continue the
installation where it left off by launching the Ivory Library Installer (Mac)
or Ivory Library Tools (PC) found in Ivory Items >Tools. Installation will
proceed with the last file that was being installed.
If you choose not to authorize Ivory when completing the installation,

you may do so at any time by launching the Authorize Ivory tool located
in the Ivory Items folder. However, we highly recommend you authorize
Ivory immediately upon installation. After first launching Ivory or run-
ning the Authorize tool, you may use Ivory for five (5) days before com-
pleting the authorization process.
Ivory • 13
3 • Using Ivory in a Host Application

(Macintosh)
Like most plug-ins or virtual instruments, Ivory does not work as a
stand-alone application, and cannot be launched by itself. It must be
“instantiated” inside a host application. The host application handles
MIDI data going into Ivory and audio data coming out of it. Launch the
host application first, then open Ivory from within it.
Every host application has its own way of dealing with virtual instru-
ments. On this page and those following, find the section that pertains to
the host application that you wish to use.
Note: With OS 9 host applications such as Cubase VST 5 and others, it

will be necessary to increase the memory size requirements of your host
application as much as possible.
Apple Logic 7 or Logic 6 (OS X only—AU)

Under the Windows menu, select Track Mixer. Go to an Audio Instrument
Channel on the channel strip. Open an Instrument Insert Slot, and select
from the pop-up menus Stereo > Audio Units > Synthogy > Ivory
To get MIDI data to Ivory, make sure you have an empty Audio Instru-
ment on the Arrange page and that it is set to “Record” (Logic should do
this for you automatically).
Ivory • 14
MOTU Digital Performer 4.x (OS X—AU)

From the Project menu, select Add Track > Instrument Track > Synthogy:
Ivory (stereo)
In the Tracks Window, select a MIDI Output for the track you want to
record on, set it to “Ivory-1-1”. (Actually, you can use any MIDI channel,
since Ivory doesn’t discriminate.)
Activate Record enable for that track.

Ivory • 15
Steinberg Nuendo, Cubase SX3 or SX 2

(OS X—VST)
From the Devices menu, select VST Instruments. Click on an empty slot
in the pop up menu and select “Ivory” from the popup.
Go to MIDI Output for that track and select “Ivory”.

Ivory • 16
Steinberg V Stack (OS X—VST)

In the VST instruments window, click on an empty slot (“No VST Instru-
ment”) and select “Ivory” in the popup.
Click in the MIDI input popup (which says “Not Connected”), and in the
popup select the input device or Port you wish to use to control Ivory. If
you’re not sure what this is, select “All MIDI Inputs” .
Ivory • 17
Cubase VST 5 (OS 9—VST)

From the Panels menu select VST Instruments. Click on an empty slot in
the popup menu and select “Ivory”.
Select a MIDI Track to record on.
Click on the MIDI output popup menu for that track and select “Ivory”.
Ivory • 18
Digidesign Pro Tools (OS 9 or OS X—RTAS )

From the File menu, select New Track. (Pro Tools 7 users go to the Track
menu and select 'New'.) At the dialog, select 'Create 1 new Stereo Audio
Track' and press Create.
In the Mix window, click on one of the insert effect popup menus on the
new track, and select Ivory as a stereo multi-channel plug-in.
In the File menu, select add Track. At the dialog, select 'Create 1 new
MIDI Track' and press Create.
In the Mix window, record-

enable the newly created
MIDI track by clicking on the
“r” button once to highlight
it. Make sure MIDI Thru is
enabled in the MIDI pull-
down menu.
On the MIDI track, click on the output popup menu, and select Ivory
from the list of possible outputs.
Ivory • 19
Granted Software RAX

Under the Source menu, select Instrument > Synthogy > Ivory from the
popup menus.
In the Instruments panel, click the AU button on the module labeled

Ivory to access Ivory.
Ivory • 20
Apple GarageBand
From the Track menu, select “New Track”.
In the New Track selection window, click Software Instrument from the
tab at the top, then choose an instrument category on the left (Pianos and
Keyboards), and an instrument on the right (Grand Piano).
Click OK.
Double click the new track to bring up the Track Info window. Expand
the Details by clicking on the triangle at the bottom of the window. In the
Generator popup, choose “Ivory” near the bottom of the list.
Press the pencil button on the right of the Generator column to bring up
Ivory's editor.
Ivory • 21
4 • Using Ivory in a Host Application

(PC)
Like most plug-ins or virtual instruments, Ivory does not work as a
stand-alone application, and cannot be launched by itself. It must be
“instantiated” inside a host application. The host application handles
MIDI data going into Ivory and audio data coming out of it. Launch the
host application first, then open Ivory from within it.
Every host application has its own way of dealing with virtual instru-
ments. On this page and those following, find the section that pertains to
the host application you wish to use.
Ivory • 22
Digidesign Pro Tools (RTAS )

From the File menu, select “New Tracks...”. (Pro Tools 7 users go to the
Track menu and select “New”.) At the dialog, select “Create 1 new Stereo
Audio Track” and press Create.
In the Mix window, click on one of the insert effect popup menus on the
new track, and select Ivory as a stereo multi-channel plug-in.
In the File menu, select “New Tracks...”. At the dialog, select 'Create 1
new MIDI Track' and press Create.
In the Mix window, record-enable the newly created MIDI track by click-
ing on the “r” button once to highlight it. Make sure MIDI Thru is
enabled in the MIDI pulldown menu.
On the MIDI track, click on the output popup menu, and select Ivory
from the list of possible outputs.
Ivory • 23
Steinberg Cubase (VST)

From the Devices menu, select VST Instruments. Click on an empty slot
in the pop up menu and select “Ivory” from the popup.
Go to MIDI Output for that track and select “Ivory”.

Ivory • 24
Cakewalk Sonar 4
After installing Ivory, it is important to register the VST plug-in using the
VST Adapter provided by Sonar.
From the Windows Start menu, choose Programs >Cakewalk >Cakewalk

VST Adapter 4 >Cakewalk VST Adapter 4. Follow the instructions in the
wizard to add the Ivory plug-in. Refer to the Sonar documentation for
more information regarding this process.
From the Insert menu, select DXi Synth >VST Ivory VST. (Note: The loca-
tion of the VST on the Insert menu, and the exact name, could vary
depending on the preferences you chose using the VST Adapter.)
Ivory • 25
Choose how you want Ivory to be inserted into a track. For most pur-
poses, the default options of MIDI Source Track and First Synth Output
(Audio) will be fine.
In the Track Window, most of the settings for the audio and MIDI portion
of the track should be setup if you have Sonar setup properly. If you need
to, you can select a specific output for the audio, as well as a specific MIDI
input. Activate Record on for the MIDI track.
p p
Ivory • 26
Ivory • 27
5 • Ivory’s Structure and Controls

The Ivory interface consists of three screens for accessing and editing per-
formance parameters. The Main screen is where sounds are selected,
major performance parameters are set, and Programs and Sessions are
saved and loaded.
A Program contains all of the parameters that define the piano you are
playing. It consists of a set of samples of a particular piano, or “Keyset,”
release and resonance parameters, and settings for dynamic range, key
noise, and timbre. The Program also includes whatever Effects you have
set up. Program parameters—and the Effects button—are all grouped on
the left side of the main screen.
A Session contains a Program, as well as all other performance and pro-

cessing parameters, including tuning and transposition, stereo perspec-
tive, master gain, polyphony limit, and other non-musical parameters, as
well as the settings on the Velocity screen. Session parameters—and the
Velocity button—are all grouped on the right side of the main screen.
SESSION
Tuning / Transposition / Perspective
Gain / Polyphony / Velocity settings
PROGRAM
Keyset
Release samples
Resonance / Synth Pad
Dynamic Range / Key noise / Timbre
Effects
EQ / Chorus / Ambience
An Effects Preset is a snapshot of the settings on the Effects screen. Effects

settings include EQ, chorus, and ambience.
A Velocity Map Preset is a snapshot of the settings on the Velocity screen.
Programs, Sessions, Effects Presets, and Velocity Map Presets are all small
files which are stored in the “Ivory Items” folder, located on the same
drive and folder where you installed the sample data.
Ivory • 28
Controls
Ivory contains several types of intuitive controls:
Selectors are drop-down menus, which allow a selection from a list.
On-Off buttons enable or disable functions with a single click.
Toggle switches alternate between two states with a single click.
The Save and More buttons are actually small drop-down menus that
handle file management.
Rotary knobs set continuous parameters. There are two ways to move a
rotary knob, depending on the host software.
AU and VST: Click on the dot RTAS and some VST:

where you want to set the control or drag Click on the knob and
the cursor in a circular motion. drag the mouse vertically
On AU platforms, and most VST platforms, the movement is radial: click

on the spot on the knob’s travel you would like it to move to, or click and
drag the cursor in a circular motion around the knob. Moving the cursor
outward from the knob as you move in a circular fashion will give you
finer resolution control.
On RTAS platforms and some VST hosts (which allow you to select the
mode as a Preference), movement is linear: click on the knob and drag the
mouse up or down to change the value.
Rotary knobs all have as an alternative an accompanying text box, into

which parameter values can be directly typed. The value is entered when
you press the Enter key. In some cases, there are a limited number of val-
ues that a parameter can have, and if you type in a value that is between
two of these values, it will be rounded up or down. For example, the Key
Noise parameter in the main screen is only adjustable in 0.5 dB incre-
ments, so if you type in “0.3”, it will be rounded up to 0.5.
Up-down arrows also set continuous parameters, but are used for param-
eters that are normally incremented, rather than reset by large amounts.
Up-down arrows also have accompanying text-entry boxes.
Ivory • 29
6 • The Main Screen
Program functions
Programs are the primary objects you will use in Ivory to call up and play
sounds. They have been specially created to take advantage of Ivory's
samples and features in the most musically useful fashion. The Program
selector menu is located just to the left of the Ivory logo at the top of the
screen. When you first instantiate Ivory, the Program selector will say
“Default,” which is an empty program that makes no sound. To select a
Program to play, simply click on the Program selector and choose a Pro-
gram from the drop-down menu. Notice that your selected Program
name will also appear on the “fallboard” of the piano graphic.
Once your Program is loaded, you will see a Keyset appear in the Keyset
selector, which is just over the lid of the piano graphic.
(Note that Keysets can be quite large, and may take 5 or 10 seconds to
load.) Keysets are your collection of source piano sample key mappings,
such as Bosendorfer_8_Level, a Bosendorfer sample Keyset with 8 veloc-
ity switched dynamic levels.
Ivory • 30
Here is the complete list of Ivory's Keysets:
Bosendorfer 10 Level 97 note Imperial grand with 10 Dynamic Levels

Bosendorfer 10 Level II 10 level keyset w/ alternative velocity switch points*
Bosendorfer 8 Level II 8 level keyset w/ alternative velocity switch points
Bosendorfer 4 Level II 4 level keyset with wider timbral range
Bosendorfer88 10 Level 88 note version of 10 Level Bosendorfer
Bosendorfer88 10 Level II 88 note, 10 Level keyset w/ alternative vel switch
Bosendorfer88 4 Level II 88 note 4 Level Bosendorfer w/ wider timbre
German D 10 Level Steinway D with 10 Dynamic Levels

German D 10 Level II 10 level keyset w/ alternative velocity switch points
German D 4 Level II 4 level keyset w/ alternative timbral range
Studio 7ft 8 Level Yamaha C7 with 8 Dynamic Levels

Studio 7ft 8 Level II 8 level keyset w/ alternative velocity switch points
Studio 7ft 4 Level II 4 level keyset with wider timbral range
* “II” keysets have an alternative set of velocity switch points that will
favor the softer dynamics through the mp-mf playing range.
Note: 88 note versions of Bosendorfer pianos will save on RAM usage. If

you know you will not be using the extended bottom octave, these Key-
sets will require less memory to load.
Ivory • 31
The buttons below the Keyset selector turn on and off the Release Sam-
ples and Soft Pedal Samples that are associated with the selected Keyset.
Turning the Release Samples on makes a more realistic piano perfor-
mance, and is one of the unique features of Ivory.
On the other hand, not using the Release Samples lowers the RAM
requirements of the software. The Soft Pedal Samples are also unique to
Ivory, and can add significantly to the sense of realism. You must use a
separate footswitch sending MIDI Controller 67 to engage the soft pedal.
To the right is the Stereo Width control, which sets the apparent width of
the piano’s image in the stereo field, from 0% (mono, centered) to 100%.
To the left is the drop-down menu for selecting a Synth Layer sound.
The Synth Layer sound doubles the piano sound, and provides an easy
way of creating the layered keyboard textures used in pop music. The
menu offers a variety of Synth sounds. In addition, the relative level of
the Synth layer can be adjusted ±24 dB by the knob below the menu, and
the layer can be instantly turned on and off with the button on the left.
Ivory • 32
Above the Keyset selector are four knobs for adjusting the piano sound’s
characteristics.
The Release knob scales the envelopes of the samples by the displayed
factor (from 0.2x to 3.00x), making the release longer or shorter as desired.
Key Noise changes the balance between the mechanical noise of the
piano keys and hammers, and the sound of the strings. At 0 dB, the Key
Noise sounds at the level it was recorded. The range is ±24 dB.
The Timbre knob controls the overall brightness of the sound by intro-
ducing a dynamically-controlled low-pass filter. At 0, the sound has an
optimal default velocity to filter response. Negative values make the
piano sound duller, while positive values make it brighter. The scale is -99
to +99. At the maximum value +99, the filter is wide open, and the sounds
play as originally recorded.
The Dynamic Range knob sets the overall dynamic range of the piano
from 0 to 60 dB. It works in conjunction with the parameters on the Veloc-
ity page (below). The setting here determines the difference in loudness
from the minimum key velocity to the maximum key velocity. For classi-
cal solo piano, this control would normally be set high. For rock piano in
a complex mix, this control can be set lower. Setting the dynamic range so
that the piano sound fits right into a mix can be helpful in that it can make
the use of a compressor on the track unnecessary.
Ivory • 33
At the upper left of the screen is the drop-down menu for selecting Sus-
tain Resonance. Sustain Resonance is a DSP function that realistically
simulates the resonances in a grand piano created by the “harp” and the
soundboard when the Sustain Pedal is pressed and all of the dampers are
raised off the strings. Ivory offers six Sustain Resonance models to choose
from, the character of which varies from dry and clean to highly resonant:
Clean Soundboard 1
Clean Soundboard 2
Medium Resonant 1
Medium Resonant 2
Extra Resonant 1
Extra Resonant 2
Each of the factory Program Presets has a particular Sustain Resonance

chosen for it, but you can also experiment matching different Sustain Res-
onances to different Keysets.
You can also think of the Resonances in terms of where the microphones
are placed: putting a mic underneath the piano's lid and flush with the
soundboard, for example, causes it to pick up a great deal of resonance
from the soundboard, so selecting a soundboard Resonance and increas-
ing its level can simulate that mic placement. The relative level of the Sus-
tain Resonance (-6 to +6 dB) can be adjusted by the knob below the menu,
and the function can be instantly turned on and off with the button on the
left.
All of the functions and settings listed so far (which you will notice are
located on the left side of the screen) are part of a Program. A Program
can be named and saved using the Save button at the top of the left half of
the screen. See Chapter 9 for more about Saving and Reloading Programs.
Ivory • 34
Session functions
The controls on the right side of the main screen make up the parameters
of a Session. A Session contains a Program—the one that was current at
the time the Session was saved—plus other parameters (listed below), as
well as all the parameters on the Velocity screen. Sessions are saved and
loaded using the drop-down Session selector and the Save and More but-
tons on the top of the right side of the screen. It’s often a good idea to
name a session after the current song.
Gain sets the output gain of Ivory. It is useful for matching the instru-
ment’s level to that of other software instruments or audio tracks in the
same workstation environment. The range is ±24 dB.
The Stereo Perspective switch reverses the stereo image of Ivory’s piano.
When it is set to Performer, the lower notes of the piano are on the left
side of the stereo image. When it is set to Audience, the lower notes are on
the right side. Used in conjunction with the Stereo Width control, Ivory
offers you many possibilities for your piano’s imaging.
The four up-down arrows above the Tuning switch control the basic pitch
of Ivory’s piano. A4 pitch sets the pitch of the A above middle C. This
value defaults to 440.0 Hz, but some recording or performance situations
require a different reference pitch. The range is 420.0 to 460.0 Hz.
Fine Pitch similarly adjusts the pitch of the piano recordings, but is cali-
brated in Cents, or 1/100ths of a semitone. The range is ±99 cents. The A4
pitch and the Fine Pitch controls work in conjunction with each other.
Octave and Transpose modify the MIDI data as it comes into Ivory. The
Keysets themselves are not altered in pitch. The range of the Octave con-
trol is ±4 octaves, and the range of the Transpose control is ±11 semitones.
The Voices control sets the number of stereo voices (“polyphony”) avail-
able to Ivory. It is adjustable from 4 to 160, in increments of 4. The more
voices assigned, the greater the load on the memory and CPU, so try not
to assign more voices than you need. Polyphony is assigned using a
highly sophisticated algorithm that weighs the start time, duration, and
envelope of each note, to be as unobtrusive as possible when it has to
“steal” voices. The default value is 24, which is a good place to start. If
you have a fast CPU and hard drive, and you plan to use lots of sustain
pedal and big chords, you can increase the number of voices. Conversely,
Ivory • 35
if you have an older CPU and are running other applications and plug-ins
simultaneously with Ivory, you can reduce the number of voices.
Buffer size controls the overall perfor-

mance of Ivory by adjusting the amount of
RAM used by the program to generate
notes. The choices of settings are Small,
Medium, or Large. Slower computers will
usually need to use a larger RAM buffer,
while faster computers can use a smaller
buffer. When you change this parameter,
the Keyset has to re-load so it will take a
few seconds. This setting does not affect
latency. (For more information on perfor-
mance issues see Chapter 10.)
The Tuning switch selects between two methods of tuning a piano:

Equal-tempered and Stretch. In Equal temperament, the frequency of
each note is a precise ratio higher than the note below it. The ratio
between half-steps is the 12th root of 2, or approximately 1.05946:1. This
ratio is also referred to as 100 cents. Equal-tempered tuning means that
the intervals within any scale are the same, regardless of the root note of
the scale or the key signature. It allows the composer to freely modulate
among all key signatures. This type of tuning is most often used when
layering sounds in an ensemble (acoustic or electronic) context. The
trade-off is that all of the intervals in an equal-tempered scale have a
slight built-in dissonance.
Stretch tuning is a practice used by professional piano technicians in

which the entire scale of the instrument is slightly expanded, so as to
cause the overtones in the lower-pitched notes to more closely match the
fundamental frequencies of the higher-pitched notes. This adjustment
greatly improves the overall consonance of the instrument, since metal
strings are by nature not entirely linear in their production of harmonics.
Stretch tuning is the more “natural” method of tuning the piano, and it
will result in the most pleasing sound for solo piano playing. The Stretch
tunings found in Ivory are the real-world results of the some of the best
concert technicians in the business, who were employed for the sampling
sessions, and who had great familiarity with each of the respective instru-
ments. However, it may not be the best choice when Ivory is used with
other instruments in an ensemble, and therefore we have also provided
equal-tempered tuning.
Ivory • 36
Diagnostics
The features described below are useful in determining whether your
audio and MIDI connections are working:
On the right hand side of the Main Screen below the Buffer Size display is
a MIDI indicator light. If you have MIDI being successfully received by
Ivory, then this light will flash accordingly. If you are sending MIDI and
this indicator does not light, you should check your MIDI connections
and settings.
Another helpful diagnostic feature in Ivory is the ability to play sound

directly from the Main Screen by clicking on the Keyboard of the Piano
Graphic Model. Clicking on the Keys of this graphic will play notes on
the currently selected Program or Keyset. Clicking closer to the fallboard
of the piano plays the notes softer, while clicking further to the edge of
the keys will play them louder.
Ivory • 37
7 • The Effects Screen

Clicking on the “Effects” button on either of the other two screens brings
up the Effects screen. Here you have access to a two-band equalizer, a
flanger/chorus, and reverb/ambience. Each of these effects can be
enabled or disabled with individual On-Off buttons.
Effects settings can be saved by themselves as an Effects Preset, and your

effects preset selection (but not the settings themselves) are saved when
you save a Program. (The “Effects” button is on the left side of the main
screen to remind you of this.)
EQ
The EQ section is a two-band shelf fil-
ter, with each band having a separate
gain (-24 dB to +24 dB) and frequency
control (20 Hz to 10 kHz). The Low
Shelf section controls the filter’s fre-
quency and gain for the bottom of the
spectrum, and the Hi Shelf section
controls the top of the spectrum.
Chorus
This effect can be used for flanging as well as
chorus. Wet/Dry determines the balance
between the direct and processed signals. Neg-
ative values mean the processed signal is
phase-inverted from the direct signal.
Depth (0-100%) controls the amount of pitch

modulation. This control changes the LFO
amplitude while compensating for the LFO
speed, in order to keep the pitch fluctuation
constant.
Rate (0-4.0 Hz) controls the speed of the LFO so as to give long, sweeping
effects to fast “jittery vibrato” effects, or anything in between.
Ivory • 38
Delay is the nominal delay time of the process, from zero to 30 millisec-
onds. Shorter delays give a flanging effect, while longer ones create a cho-
rus effect.
Feedback controls how the delays are fed back into themselves, to create
repeating delays. As with most digital delays, setting this control to
extreme levels will send the unit into self-oscillation, creating a distinct
pitch which will vary with the delay time (and the LFO). Negative values
indicate that the signal is phase-inverted when it is fed back into the cir-
cuit.
Damping controls a low-pass filter in the feedback path of the delay. Its
shelf frequency is adjustable from 20 Hz to 20 kHz, which is the –3 dB
point of the filter.
Ambience
This section adds room-type reverb to the
piano sound. The following room models are
available from the Room Type selector menu:
Room
Studio
Jazz Club
Live Venue
Recital Hall
Concert Hall
Curved Space
The Room Size parameter allows the virtual room to be expanded or

reduced. 1.00x is the nominal value for the room, while lower settings cre-
ate shorter reverb times, and higher settings create longer ones. The range
is 0.50x to 2.00x.
Wet/Dry determines the balance between the direct and processed sig-
nals. Negative values mean the processed signal is phase-inverted from
the direct signal. Predelay inserts a delay before the piano sound is sent
to the reverb. Predelay can increase the feeling of space in a reverb, and
also can be used when you want a lot of reverb effect, but you don’t want
to obscure the direct sound (which is not affected by this control). The
delay is adjustable from 0 to 100 ms. Damping controls a low-pass filter
that is applied to the Ambient sound, effectively shortening the reverb
time at frequencies above its shelf frequency. The filter frequency is
adjustable from 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
Ivory • 39
8 • The Velocity Screen

Click on the “Velocity” button on either of the other two screens to bring
up the Velocity screen. Here you can adjust the velocity response of Ivory
to suit your MIDI controller and your individual taste. Some controllers,
for example, don’t transmit the entire MIDI velocity range of 1 to 127,
which means that without some kind of compensation, you can’t take
advantage of Ivory’s wide dynamic range with that controller. In other
situations, you might want your controller to exhibit more or less “resis-
tance” to suit your playing style.
The combination of parameters on

this page make up a Velocity Map.
Velocity Maps can be saved by
themselves, so they can easily be
applied to other Programs and Ses-
sions, and the velocity map selec-
tion (but not the settings) are saved
with the session. (The “Velocity”
button is on the right side of the
main screen to remind you of its
association with the session.)
The graph in the middle of the

screen gives an accurate represen-
tation of the Velocity Map, showing
its high and low limits, and its
“slope,” that is, how Ivory
responds dynamically to changes
in velocity.
The Arc Type determines the shape of the velocity curve, varying the
degree to which incoming velocities are remapped. There are four “con-
ventional” curves: Mild, Moderate, Medium, and Maximum. Upper Bias non-
uniformly affects louder velocities more than softer ones, and Power is
provided for particular circumstances where a very large bend in the
curve is desired.
Hardness determines the curvature of the velocity slope. When this is set
to zero, the relationship between changes in velocity and changes in
Ivory’s levels is linear. When it is set to a positive number, the velocity
slope rises quickly, so that the instrument is more sensitive to changes in
velocity of relatively soft strokes than it is to differences in velocity of
hard strokes. When it is set to a negative number, the opposite is true: the
Ivory • 40
slope rises slowly, so that there is less sensitivity to velocity changes at the
soft end, and more sensitivity at the hard end.
Min Velocity and Max Velocity are useful when you are using Ivory with
a MIDI controller that does not send out the full MIDI velocity range of 1–
127. It can also be helpful when you want to be able to increase Ivory’s
dynamic range without playing very softly or very hard, or when you
want to expand the dynamic range of a sequenced track without chang-
ing the velocities of the notes on the track. These controls work in con-
junction with the Dynamic Range control on the Main Screen. Any note
with a velocity lower than or equal to the Min Velocity setting will cause
Ivory to play that note at the lowest end of its Dynamic Range. Any note
with a velocity equal to or higher than the Max Velocity setting will cause
Ivory to play that note at the highest end of its Dynamic Range.
You can use your MIDI controller itself to set the minimum and maxi-
mum velocities with the Set function. When you click on Set, Ivory will
ask you to play a note on your controller at a pianississimo (ppp) level.
Then it will ask you to play a note at a fortississimo (fff) level. The veloci-
ties of these two keystrokes are then automatically transferred into the
Min Velocity and Max Velocity parameters.
The Save and More buttons behave just like their counterparts on the
Main Screen’s Program side. When you save a Session, the current Veloc-
ity Map is saved with it.
Ivory • 41
9 • Saving and Loading Presets

Ivory lets you create a library of Programs, Sessions, and other Presets so
that you can recall settings easily. These files can also easily be moved
from one computer to another, so if you are using Ivory in different loca-
tions you don’t have to re-program the instrument from scratch each time
you use it.
For the purpose of this chapter, when you see the word “Preset,” it refers
to all types of Ivory files, including Programs, Sessions, Effect Presets,
and Velocity Map Presets.
Where are the Presets?

All Presets are stored in a folder called “Presets” inside the “Ivory Items”
folder, which is located on the hard disk where you installed Ivory. Inside
the Presets folder, each type of Preset has its own folder. This means that
you can assign the same name, for example, to a Session and a Program
without creating any confusion. Be sure to maintain the integrity of these
folders if you are moving files around, since a Preset that’s in the wrong
place won’t be recognized by Ivory.
Managing Presets
Whenever you launch or instantiate Ivory all of the Presets are set to
“Default.” The first time you launch Ivory, the Default Program is empty,
with no Keyset loaded, and it makes no sound. If you go to the Program
selector, you will see the available Programs in the drop-down list. Select
a Program, and it will load: the Keyset associated with that Program is
loaded in, the fallboard on the on-screen piano will show the Program’s
name, and the other Program parameters will set themselves accordingly.
You load an Effects Preset, a Velocity Map, or a Session the same way.
When you load a Session, it loads a Program, the Program’s Keyset and
Effects Preset, and a Velocity Map Preset. When you make any changes in
a Program or any other Preset, the name of the Preset goes into Italics.
This tells you that the Preset has been edited.
Save an edited Preset by clicking on the appropriate Save button. The

Save button is actually a small drop-down menu, offering the choice of
“Save” (use the same name for the Preset) or “Save As...” (use a different
name). If you want to write over an existing Preset, use the “Save” func-
tion.
Ivory • 42
The Presets that are provided with the Ivory disks, known as “factory”
Presets, appear in the selector lists with bullets in front of their names.
Presets that you create (“user” presets) do not have these bullets. You can
overwrite any of the factory or user presets with either the Save or Save
As… functions. However, when you try to overwrite a factory Preset,
Ivory will warn you that you are doing so. The Default presets cannot be
renamed.
The More button gives you other file-management tools. Reload lets you
revert to the saved version of the current Preset, and discards all of your
current edits. (Selecting the current Preset from the list will not reload it
automatically.) Delete takes the current Preset off the list and calls up the
next one (or the previous one if there isn’t a next one). You can Delete the
factory presets, but you will be warned, and you cannot delete any of the
“Default” presets. Rename lets you rename the current Preset.
Saving and recalling your edits

If you leave an edited Session, Program, or Preset without saving it, by
selecting another item on the list, the edits you made are not forgotten:
the next time you recall that item from the list, it will re-load in the state
that you left it in. But the name will be in Italics to remind you that you
are not seeing the saved version. To recall the saved version, use the
Reload function.
When you save a Preset that has dependent items—that is, a Program or a
Session—you are saving the current state of those items, but the depen-
dent items themselves are not specifically saved. For example, if you save
a Program in which you've changed some Effects parameters, the name of
the current Effects preset is stored with the Program. Recalling this Pro-
gram will recall the Effects preset as if you chose this Effects preset from
the popup menu. However, the Effects parameters themselves are not
saved as an Effects Preset unless you explicitly do so. If you want those
Effects settings to be recalled the next time you instantiate Ivory, you
should save them as an actual Effects Preset.
Ivory • 43
Saving Ivory parameters in a host sequence

Since Ivory is always used within a host application, when you save a
sequence or project in the host, you will save all of Ivory’s current param-
eters as well. You do not need to save the Program or Session in Ivory for
this to happen: it’s automatic. When you re-load the host sequence or
project, Ivory will revert to the state where you left it. This isn’t a substi-
tute, however, for creating a library of your favorite setups for Ivory.
An Ivory Session saved in a host sequence cannot be used in any other

sequence, or in any other application, since there’s no way to call it up
without opening the host sequence. If you haven’t saved any of the Ivory
Presets, then every time you use Ivory in another sequence, you have to
start from scratch. But if you have saved any Sessions, Programs, Velocity
Maps, or Effect Presets, they will always be available whenever you
launch Ivory.
Ivory • 44
Ivory • 45
10 • Making Ivory Work for You

Once you have Ivory installed and you have a basic familiarity with how
it works, this chapter will show you how to adapt Ivory to your particular
system and how to use it most effectively.
Optimization
Ivory’s custom software engine has been developed to use your com-
puter’s CPU in the most efficient manner possible. It has also been
designed to provide the features that are most important to realizing a
true and accurate piano performance, and only those things that are nec-
essary for that job.
Of course, not all computer systems and CPUs are equal, and therefore
many of Ivory’s features have been designed so that they can be custom-
configured to meet the needs of individual users and their systems. If
your system has an older/slower CPU, or does not have a large amount
of RAM, then you might find it helpful to follow these tips:
• Choose a fewer number of Voices. Using less polyphony uses less CPU
power and reduces the demand on your hard drive. So if your processor
is not fast, or your hard drive is slow, or if you are trying to do many
other things in addition to running Ivory, like running other software
synthesizers or processing plug-ins, lowering the number of voices will
save on CPU cycles and hard drive bandwidth.
• Turn Release samples off. The Release samples add greatly to Ivory’s
realism when the piano sound is heard alone. But if your Ivory piano is
going to be part of an ensemble with other instruments, perhaps they
won't be as important. Turning them off will greatly reduce the amount of
RAM that Ivory uses.
• Similarly, you can use Piano Keysets that have fewer dynamic levels.
The overall dynamic range of Ivory will be the same, but the timbral
range may not be as great, or change as subtly as you play louder and
softer as it does in Keysets with more dynamic levels. Using Keysets with
fewer dynamic levels reduces the amount of RAM used.
• Turning Soft Pedals off also reduces the amount of RAM used. If you
know you will not be using the Soft Pedal in your recording or perfor-
mance, disabling this feature will improve the performance of your sys-
tem as it relates to RAM usage.
• Turning off the Effects and/or Sustain Resonance will save CPU power.
Ivory • 46
• Turning the Synth Layer off will save both CPU and RAM, though the
synth layer is not very demanding in either case.
• Adjust the Buffer Size to suit the balance in your computer between
CPU speed and RAM. A Buffer setting of Large gives better performance
with a slower computer, but it uses more RAM. A faster computer can use
a Buffer setting of Small, which frees up more RAM. NOTE: This setting
does not affect latency (see below).
• The speed of your hard disk has a large impact on the performance of
Ivory. When disk accesses are slow, you may see a 'slow disk' indicator
appear to the left of the MIDI light on the Main screen. Individual voices
may abruptly stop playing and result in a “click” if the disk accesses are
really overloaded. Here are a few suggestions to get the most out of your
hard disk system:
- Reduce the number of voices to prevent too much data from playing at
any one time.
- Install the library files on a faster hard drive. Internal ATA drives are
usually faster than external FireWire drives. But drives that are used for
other significant things, like your system disk, or another disk used for
recording/playing audio data are not good choices. See Chapter 11 for
more information on hard drives.
Latency
Latency is the measure of time between a MIDI keystroke and the sound-
ing of the actual note. All digital instruments, both hardware and soft-
ware, exhibit a certain amount of latency. Ivory has been optimized to be
a very low-latency application, and changing the internal settings in the
program do not affect the latency. If you experience a delay, adjustments
should be made in your host application’s buffer settings. Consult that
host application’s user guide for information about how to optimize this
for your particular system.
There is more information on Latency on page 54 and page 61 of this

manual.
Ivory • 47
MIDI Response
Besides Note-ons and Note-offs, Ivory responds to these MIDI com-
mands:
Controller #64, Sustain pedal. Engages the Sustain Resonance, if it is

active, and holds the sustain segment of the envelopes of sounding notes.
Controller #66, Sostenuto pedal. This functions just the way it does on a
real acoustic grand piano, sustaining only on those notes that were
depressed when the pedal went down.
Controller #67, Soft Pedal. Engages the soft pedal samples for that Key-
set, if they are active.
Controller #7, MIDI Volume. Ivory's volume level can be controlled in

your MIDI track or by your MIDI controller via the standard MIDI con-
trol for volume, cc#7.
Pitchbend, Modulation Wheel, Channel Pressure (Aftertouch), and Pro-

gram Change commands do not have any effect.
Rendering Audio
It can be very useful to render your MIDI-controlled Ivory tracks as audio
tracks within your host application. Playing audio tracks is much easier
for a host application than interpreting MIDI data and producing instru-
ment sounds “on the fly,” so turning your Ivory tracks into audio (in
AIFF, SDII, WAV, or Broadcast WAV formats) is a great way to free up
CPU resources in your production environment.
Many host applications offer a way to bounce instrument tracks either in

real time or offline. Depending on the host application, the feature may be
referred to as “Bounce”, “Freeze”, or “Mix to Disk”. Consult your host
application’s user guide for more information.
During offline processing, Ivory is no longer limited by disk, processor,

and memory resources that normally affect its ability to produce continu-
ous sound in real time. As a result, you may take advantage of this by
increasing resources in Ivory. For example, you may choose a keyset with
more levels, turn on release samples, or add more effects. Ivory uses all of
its editor settings when processing commences except for the Voices
parameter. Ivory will always use 120 voices unless the Voices parameter
is set to value higher than 120.
Ivory • 48
Updates
Please check our website at www.synthogy.com for updates and addi-
tions to Ivory’s software, programs, effects, velocity maps, demos, and
more. News on future upgrades will appear first here as well.
Ivory • 49
11 • Troubleshooting
Diagnostics
Ivory’s diagnostic features can help you to determine whether your audio
and MIDI connections are working.
On the right hand side of the Main Screen below the Buffer Size display is
a MIDI indicator light. If you have MIDI being successfully received by
Ivory, then this light will flash accordingly. If you are sending MIDI and
this indicator does not light, you should check your MIDI connections
and settings.
You can play sound directly from the Main Screen by clicking on the Key-
board of the Piano Graphic Model. Clicking on the Keys of this graphic
will play notes on the currently selected Program or Keyset. Clicking
closer to the fallboard of the piano plays the notes softer, while clicking
further to the edge of the keys will play them louder.
Authorization
The fastest and most convenient way to authorize your copy of Ivory is to
access our web registration page at http://www.synthogy.com/register.
However, if you do not have access to the World Wide Web, you may
authorize Ivory via email. Send your Machine ID (from the Ivory Autho-
rization Tool) and your Serial Number (from the inside cover of your
manual) in an email message to register@synthogy.com and your unlock
code will be emailed back to you. If you do not have email you may call
our toll-free Tech Support line at 800-745-8020.
Outside the US please call +1-207-439-1052. Be prepared to have your

Machine ID and your Serial number ready, so that you may receive your
unlock code. You will have five (5) days to authorize Ivory after first
launching the program or running the authorize tool.
Ivory • 50
Troubleshooting Ivory on the Macintosh

Installation
Problems when Installing Library Files
If you suspect you may have had a problem installing the library files
during installation, you may confirm that the library files are intact by
launching the Ivory LibCheck tool. You can find the Ivory LibCheck tool
in Ivory Items >Tools. This tool will confirm that all installed sample data
is intact. Each library file will be verified and receive a PASS or a FAIL. If
any library file gets a FAIL, its sample data is corrupt. Throw away the
failed files and re-install them. Continuous reports of failure may indicate
that your hard drive has a problem.
Authorization Issues
Didn’t receive Unlock Code via email after website registration
Since your Unlock Code email is sent automatically from software
instead of an actual human being, some spam filters may flag it as an
unwanted message. The unlock code email is sent from register@synth-
ogy.com.
If you’ve checked your mail filters and still haven’t received the code,
simply contact our tech support via email or phone and we can quickly
provide it for you.
Unlock Code doesn't work
The Registration web site won't accept my Serial Number

99% of the time, this is due to a typo when entering numbers into our site,
or into the Authorize Ivory application. Make sure that all capitalization
and dashes are correct, and that there are no leading or trailing spaces left
in the fields.
The Registration web site reports that my maximum number of

authorizations has been reached.
We understand that things happen from time to time that may cause
authorizations to be used up unintentionally. Contact us with your Serial
Number and Machine ID, and we'll usually honor any reasonable unlock
requests above the original three.
Ivory • 51
Authorizing without web access

However, if you do not have access to the the world wide web, you may
our toll free Tech Support line at 800-745-8020.

Installing and authorizing Ivory on more than one computer

You may authorize Ivory on up to 3 machines, in accordance with our
End User License, where only a single user would use the machines, and
only one machine would be in use at a time. If you wish to have multiple
users running Ivory on more than one machine, please consult our dis-
tributor ILIO about a multi-user site license.
System Management
Moving Ivory to a different Hard Drive.
The libraries can be dragged to another volume without having to rein-
stall. Just move the Ivory Items folder to the new location. Then, all you
need to do is update an alias that needs to point to this folder. The alias is
called 'Ivory Items', in OS X it is located in:
/Users/{Home}/Library/Preferences/Ivory Preferences/
In OS 9 the alias is located in:
/System Folder/Preferences/Ivory Preferences/
Now you can either throw the alias into the trash and let Ivory ask you to
find the new location the next time it starts up (recommended), or update
the alias yourself by clicking once on the alias, press Cmd-I for Get Info,
click the Select New Original button, and select the Ivory Items folder at
the new location
Ivory • 52
Uninstalling Ivory
The large audio files are all kept in a folder called Ivory Items. Simply
deleting this folder will remove most of Ivory's data. The location of each
plugin is:
OS X VST: /Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/VST/Ivory (OS X).vst
OS X AU: /Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/Ivory AU.component
OS X RTAS: /Library/Application Support/Digidesign/Plug-Ins/Ivory

RTAS (OS X)
OS 9 VST: usually /Cubase/VstPlugIns/Ivory VST (OS 9)
OS 9 RTAS: /System Folder/DAE Folder/Plug-Ins/Ivory RTAS (OS 9)
Finally, you may discard the Ivory Preferences folder located in OS 9:
/System Folder/Preferences/
in OS X:
/Users/{Home}/Library/Preferences/
Troubleshooting Performance problems

Pops, clicks or dropouts when playing Ivory.
Performance issues are generally related to some bottleneck in your sys-
tem. If your CPU meter is maxed out, this indicates that the CPU cannot
run fast enough to keep up with its demands. Refer to the section on
CPU/Bus Speed (page 53).
If the clicks coincide with the appearance of the Slow Disk message to the
left of the MIDI light on Ivory's main page, refer to the section on Disk
Performance (page 53).
Otherwise, in OS X, the culprit is likely a RAM issue. Refer to the section

on RAM usage (page 54).
General Comments
Ivory's feature implementation was designed to work on a wide range of
computer speeds. Each feature has an On/Off button in order free up
resources on older computers, or those with significant bottlenecks, or
Ivory • 53
otherwise during a resource-intensive session. Every system, no matter

how meticulously optimized, will be limited by one of these three things:
•CPU/bus speed.
•Hard drive speed.
•RAM.
Ivory will bump up against one of these more noticeably on slower com-
puters, but you'll hit one of these when pushing Ivory on any computer.
CPU/Bus Speed
The best way to determine if CPU/Bus speed is too slow is to call up and
watch the host's CPU usage meter. If the meter maxes out, then you will
need to reduce CPU load. Turn off any unnecessary features:
•Sustain Resonance.
•Ambience.
•Chorus, etc.
•Set Key Noise to zero (12 o'clock).
•Reduce the number of maximum voices.
Disk Performance
If the words 'Slow Disk' appear to the left of the MIDI light on Ivory's
main page, you may be experiencing some disk related performance
problems. This is often accompanied by a 'click' as a voice abruptly stops
playing.
The quickest remedy to this problem is to reduce your polyphony or

voice count. If the voice count exceeds the amount of data that can be
streamed from your drive, then this will result in the ‘slow disk’ message.
Back the polyphony count down incrementally until you no longer get
the message.
The other solution to this problem is to optimize your disk performance

and/or choose a faster drive to install Ivory on. We recommend having
Ivory installed on its own dedicated hard drive, at least 7200 RPM. Note
that internal laptop drives are slower than this. Consider using the RAID
feature in OS X for optimal performance, and see the tips below on hard
drive performance for more helpful details.
Ivory • 54
RAM usage
Unlike OS 9, OS X uses a virtual memory system that cannot be turned
off. So what may seem like a performance problem in OS X may in fact be
related to RAM. If you are experiencing dropouts without the Slow Disk
message appearing to the left of the MIDI lights on Ivory's main page,
then it's probably a RAM issue. RAM issues can also become apparent
when other sample-based plug-ins (e.g. samplers or sampling reverbs)
are used alongside Ivory. The following methods will reduce Ivory's
RAM usage:
•Turn off Release samples.

•Turn off Soft samples.
•Decrease Ivory's Buffer Size.
•Choose a keyset with fewer dynamic levels.
Latency
Latency is one of the most misunderstood topics in the industry. Ivory
itself has very little if nothing to do with latency. The speed of your com-
puter will have a significant impact, but it is mostly introduced by the
audio hardware in your system and can be controlled with the hardware
buffer size setting in your host software.
In Digital Performer, the setting is called "Buffer Size":
Setup > Configure Audio System > Configure Hardware Driver
In Pro Tools, the setting is called "H/W Buffer Size":
Setups > Playback Engine
In Logic, the setting is called "I/O Buffer Size":
Preferences > Audio > Drivers > Core Audio
Default values are usually set to 256 or 512. Selecting a lower value will
improve latency. The trade-off is CPU load, so setting this too low may
cause other performance problems.
In addition to hardware buffer size, increasing your hardware sample

rate will also improve latency.
And finally, some effects plug-ins impose a delay due to the nature of
how they process audio. The host may compensate for this during normal
session playback, but will be exposed while playing Ivory in real time.
Ivory • 55
More Hard Drive Tips

Ivory is a streaming application, which means the program's perfor-
mance, and the number of voices of polyphony you can get out of your
system is directly related to the speed of your hard drive and the hard
drive interface you are using. For example, users with Powerbooks often
have slow internal drives (5400RPM), so using an external drive is going
to result in better performance in almost every instance. We recommend
using drives that are at least 7200RPM or more.
However, there are additional factors related to your hard drive that also
influence performance. These are discussed below.
Bus Interface
Serial ATA is probably the fastest interface out there (with the exception
of some very expensive SCSI solutions). After this FireWire 800 is next,
followed by FireWire 400 and regular ATA, which are roughly equivalent
in speed. So choosing to install the Ivory Library on a drive off of one of
these faster interfaces will gain you more performance.
Ivory on its own drive

When using internal drives, we advise against installing Ivory on your
system drive, or on the same drive that you will be recording and playing
back digital audio to. When the drives have to be accessed by the system
or other applications while Ivory is running, it slows the disk, and
reduces the throughput of data from the drive. This can greatly hamper
Ivory's performance. So we recommend if possible to install Ivory on a
disk that is *not* your system drive or digital audio drive.
Configuration
Sometimes people like to use a dedicated 'sounds' drive where they store
the sounds to all their soft synths and samplers. This is generally fine,
unless they will attempt to stream other sounds from that drive from
another sampler or application while Ivory is also streaming. However, if
the sampler or other application just plays the samples out of RAM the
speed of that drive will not be affected.
Fragmentation/Partitioning
Other factors that may adversely affect hard drive performance (and as a
result, Ivory performance) are whether the drive is fragmented or near
capacity. Any hard drive that is nearly full will get very slow. Of course
we know from years of experience with digital audio what fragmentation
will do (another good reason to keep Ivory separated from your digital
audio drive). Partitioning can also be a problem. When a disk gets parti-
tioned, the newer partitions on a disk will generally be created on a
slower part of the disk.
Ivory • 56
RAID
By far the fastest hard drive system we have used is a striped RAID vol-
ume. A RAID volume consists of 2 or more physical hard drives com-
bined into a single volume that appears on your desktop. In a striped
two-disk RAID setup, the work of accessing the stored data is distributed
among two drives instead of one. We have found this to be the single big-
gest gain in Ivory system performance yet. It can effectively double the
amount of polyphony you can get out of Ivory in most cases. If you need
the highest performance you can get, we highly recommend building a
RAID with FW 800 drives.
OS X provides RAID support without additional software by using the

Disk Utility application found in Applications/Utilities. To create a RAID
volume, launch Disk Utility, click on the RAID tab, set it for Mac OS
Extended, Striped, then drag the drives into the empty box below and hit
Create. It's a very simple procedure.
RAID performance is optimal when drives are identical. A RAID set with
2 FW 800 drives may be used on a single FW800 bus provided there are
no other devices connected to this bus. Connecting a single FW400 device
to a FW800 bus will often bring the entire bus down to the slower speed.
It is also possible to set up a RAID using drives on different buses. For

example, using two FW400 drives on separate FW400 buses will usually
perform better than if they are on a single bus.
If you decide to use some of your existing drives as a RAID, keep in mind
that this will create a new volume with these drives, and therefore com-
pletely erase anything that is currently on them. So be sure to move/
backup any data that is currently there that you may wish to keep.
Ivory • 57
Troubleshooting Ivory on the PC

Installation
Ivory does not show up in host
If Ivory doesn't show up in your host after installation, make sure that the
plug-in itself is properly installed. For RTAS, there should be two files
named “Ivory.dpm” and “Ivory.dpm.rsr” located here:
C:\Program Files\Common Files\Digidesign\DAE\Plug-Ins
The VST file is named "Ivory VST.dll" and is installed at the location you
specified while running the installer. If you don't remember where it was
installed, perform a Windows Search for the name of the file. Once you've
determined that this file is on your hard drive, you may need to tell the
host application where it is. Each host is different, so please refer to indi-
vidual host documentation on how to load VST plug-ins.
Problems when Installing Library Files

If you suspect that one or more of your library files was not installed cor-
rectly, you can test the files after the installer has finished. Run the "Ivory
Library Tools" program. You can find this program in your "Ivory
Items\Tools" directory. After starting the program, choose the "Verify
Libraries" tool. This tool will confirm that all installed sample data is cor-
rectly installed. Each library file will be verified and a diagnostic message
will be printed in the program's main window. If a file is missing or dam-
aged, an error message will be displayed. If any library file (for a library
that you chose to install) generates an error message, its sample data is
corrupt. Move any files that generated error messages into the recycle bin.
Then run the installer program again to reinstall those libraries. You need
only select the libraries that have missing files. Continuous reports of fail-
ure may indicate that your hard drive has a problem.
Authorization Issues
Didn’t receive Unlock Code via email after website registration
Since your Unlock Code email is sent automatically from software
instead of an actual human being, some spam filters may flag it as an
unwanted message. The unlock code email is sent from register@synth-
ogy.com. If you’ve checked your mail filters and still haven’t received the
code, simply contact our tech support via email or phone and we can
quickly provide it for you.
Ivory • 58
Unlock Code doesn't work
The Registration web site won't accept my Serial Number

99% of the time, this is due to a typo when entering numbers into our site,
or into the Authorize Ivory application. Make sure that all capitalization
and dashes are correct, and that there are no leading or trailing spaces left
in the fields.
The Registration web site reports that my maximum number of

authorizations has been reached.
We understand that things happen from time to time that may cause
authorizations to be used up unintentionally. Contact us with your Serial
Number and Machine ID, and we'll usually honor any reasonable unlock
requests above the original three.
Authorizing without web access

However, if you do not have access to the world wide web, you may
our toll free Tech Support line at 800-745-8020.

Installing and authorizing Ivory on more than one computer

You may authorize Ivory on up to 3 machines, in accordance with our
End User License, where only a single user would use the machines, and
only one machine would be in use at a time. If you wish to have multiple
users running Ivory on more than one machine, please consult our dis-
tributor ILIO about a multi-user site license.
Ivory • 59
System Management
Moving Ivory to a different Hard Drive.
The libraries can be dragged to another volume without having to rein-
stall. Just move the Ivory Items folder to the new location. Then, all you
need to do is update a file that tells Ivory where the Ivory Items location
is. This path is stored in a text file:
C:\Program Files\Synthogy\Ivory\LibraryPath.txt
Either throw this file into the trash and let Ivory ask you where the new
location is when it starts up (recommended) or open the file with a text
editor and type the new path.
Uninstalling Ivory
The large audio files are all kept in a folder called Ivory Items. Simply
deleting this folder will remove most of Ivory's data. The location of each
plugin is:
Win RTAS: C:\Program Files\Common Files\Digidesign\DAE\Plug-Ins
Win VST: Location depends on where you initially chose to install it.
You may also discard the Ivory program folder:
Win: C:\Program Files\Synthogy\Ivory
Troubleshooting Performance problems

Pops, clicks or dropouts when playing Ivory.
Performance issues are generally related to some bottleneck in your sys-
tem. If your CPU meter is maxed out, this indicates that the CPU cannot
run fast enough to keep up with its demands. Refer to the section on
CPU/Bus Speed (page 60).
If the clicks coincide with the appearance of the Slow Disk message to the
left of the MIDI light on Ivory's main page, refer to the section on Disk
Performance (page 60).
Otherwise, in Windows, the culprit is likely a RAM issue. Refer to the sec-
tion on RAM usage (page 60).
On Windows systems, you may try disabling background services like

Indexing to improve audio rendering performance. These may get in the
way of real time audio processing tasks on some systems.
Ivory • 60
Most newer Intel Pentium 4 processors have a performance feature called

Hyper-threading. Some audio hosts don't run well when Hyper-thread-
ing is enabled. Please refer to your host's documentation to determine if
Hyper-threading has a negative affect on performance. Hyper-threading
can be disabled in the system BIOS.
General Comments
Ivory's feature implementation was designed to work on a wide range of
computer speeds. Each feature has an On/Off button in order free up
resources on older computers, or those with significant bottlenecks, or
otherwise during a resource-intensive session. Every system, no matter
how meticulously optimized, will be limited by one of these three things:
•CPU/bus speed.
•Hard drive speed.
•RAM.
Ivory will bump up against one of these more noticeably on slower com-
puters, but you'll hit one of these when pushing Ivory on any computer.
CPU/Bus Speed
The best way to determine if CPU/Bus speed is too slow is to call up and
watch the host's CPU usage meter. If the meter maxes out, then you will
need to reduce CPU load. Turn off any unnecessary features:
•Sustain Resonance.
•Ambience.
•Chorus, etc.
•Set Key Noise to zero (12 o'clock).
•Reduce the number of maximum voices.
Disk Performance
If the words 'Slow Disk' appear to the left of the MIDI light on Ivory's
main page, you may be experiencing some disk related performance
problems. This is often accompanied by a 'click' as a voice abruptly stops
playing.
The quickest remedy to this problem is to reduce your polyphony or

voice count. If the voice count exceeds the amount of data that can be
streamed from your drive, then this will result in the ‘slow disk’ message.
Back the polyphony count down incrementally until you no longer get
the message.
Ivory • 61
The other solution to this problem is to optimize your disk performance

and/or choose a faster drive to install Ivory on. We recommend having
Ivory installed on its own dedicated hard drive, at least 7200 RPM. Note
that internal laptop drives are slower than this.
Consider de-fragmenting your hard drive. Windows XP includes a pro-

gram named “Disk Defragmenter” that will accomplish this.
RAM usage
Windows XP uses a virtual memory system that usually shouldn’t be
turned off. So what may seem like a performance problem in Windows
may in fact be related to RAM. If you are experiencing dropouts without
the Slow Disk message appearing to the left of the MIDI lights on Ivory's
main page, then it's probably a RAM issue. RAM issues can also become
apparent when other sample-based plug-ins (e.g. samplers or sampling
reverbs) are used alongside Ivory. The following methods will reduce
Ivory's RAM usage:
•Turn off Release samples.

•Turn off Soft samples.
•Decrease Ivory's Buffer Size.
•Choose a keyset with fewer dynamic levels.
Latency
Latency is one of the most misunderstood topics in the industry. Ivory
itself has very little if nothing to do with latency. The speed of your com-
puter will have a significant impact, but it is mostly introduced by the
audio hardware in your system and can be controlled with the hardware
buffer size setting in your host software.
In Pro Tools, the setting is called "H/W Buffer Size":
Setups > Playback Engine
In Cubase, the setting is located in the audio driver settings.
Devices > Device Setup > VST Multitrack > Control Panel
Default values are usually set to 256 or 512. Selecting a lower value will
improve latency. The trade-off is CPU load, so setting this too low may
cause other performance problems.
In addition to hardware buffer size, increasing your hardware sample

rate will also improve latency.
Ivory • 62
And finally, some effects plug-ins impose a delay due to the nature of
how they process audio. The host may compensate for this during normal
session playback, but will be exposed while playing Ivory in real time.
More Hard Drive Tips

Ivory is a streaming application, which means the program's perfor-
mance, and the number of voices of polyphony you can get out of your
system is directly related to the speed of your hard drive and the hard
drive interface you are using. For example, users with laptops often have
slow internal drives (5400RPM), so using an external drive is going to
result in better performance in almost every instance. We recommend
using drives that are at least 7200RPM or more.
However, there are additional factors related to your hard drive that also
influence performance. These are discussed below.
Bus Interface
Serial ATA is probably the fastest interface out there (with the exception
of some very expensive SCSI solutions). After this FireWire 800 is next,
followed by FireWire 400 and regular ATA, which are roughly equivalent
in speed. So choosing to install the Ivory Library on a drive off of one of
these faster interfaces will gain you more performance.
Ivory on its own drive

When using internal drives, we advise against installing Ivory on your
system drive, or on the same drive that you will be recording and playing
back digital audio to. When the drives have to be accessed by the system
or other applications while Ivory is running, it slows the disk, and
reduces the throughput of data from the drive. This can greatly hamper
Ivory's performance. So we recommend if possible to install Ivory on a
disk that is *not* your system drive or digital audio drive.
Ivory • 63
RAID
By far the fastest hard drive system we have used is a striped RAID vol-
ume. A RAID volume consists of 2 or more physical hard drives com-
bined into a single volume that appears on your desktop. In a striped
two-disk RAID setup, the work of accessing the stored data is distributed
among two drives instead of one. We have found this to be the single big-
gest gain in Ivory system performance yet. It can effectively double the
amount of polyphony you can get out of Ivory in most cases. If you need
the highest performance you can get, we highly recommend building a
RAID system.
RAID support is not built into Windows XP. To set up a RAID system,
you may need to purchase a third party solution.
RAID performance is optimal when drives are identical. You may also
experience a performance increase by putting two slower drives each on
its own bus. This prevents the bus speed from creating a bottleneck as
data from two drive compete for bandwidth.
Configuration
Sometimes people like to use a dedicated 'sounds' drive where they store
the sounds to all their soft synths and samplers. This is generally fine,
unless they will attempt to stream other sounds from that drive from
another sampler or application while Ivory is also streaming. However, if
the sampler or other application just plays the samples out of RAM the
speed of that drive will not be affected.
Fragmentation/Partitioning
Other factors that may adversely affect hard drive performance (and as a
result, Ivory performance) are whether the drive is fragmented or near
capacity. Any hard drive that is nearly full will get very slow. Of course
we know from years of experience with digital audio what fragmentation
will do (another good reason to keep Ivory separated from your digital
audio drive). Consider de-fragmenting your hard drive with “Disk
Defragmenter” that comes with Windows XP.
Partitioning can also be a problem. When a disk gets partitioned, the

newer partitions on a disk will generally be created on a slower part of
the disk.
Ivory • 64
Using Ivory Library Tools on Windows XP

An easy-to-use diagnostic program is
provided with Ivory. You may wish
to use this if you suspect that your
Library files are damaged. This pro-
gram is located in your Ivory
Items\Tools folder. Double click on
the Ivory Library Tools icon to start
the program.
You will see a screen with four tool

choices: Check Libraries, Verify
Libraries, Convert Libraries, and
Delete Libraries.
Check Libraries runs very quickly and will perform a simple check of
your object data. It will also confirm that the sample files are installed and
that they are in the correct format. However, it will not check all of the
sample data. For that, you will use the Verify Libraries tool. If Check
Libraries finds a problem, you can correct it without running the Verify
Libraries tool.
Verify Libraries runs all of the same tests as Check Libraries. In addition,
Verify Libraries will read all of the sample data and test it. This can take
almost as long as library installation, so please be patient! If any errors are
found, they will be reported on the main screen.
Convert Libraries is useful if you manually copied files from your Ivory
Install DVDs. The files on the DVDs are in Macintosh format, and cannot
be used on your PC without conversion. The Ivory Installer automatically
converts them for you. If you copied them manually, you can use Convert
Libraries to perform the conversion.
You may need to use Delete Libraries if you find a problem with one of
your libraries. After choosing Delete Libraries, you will be asked to
choose a library for deletion. After you delete a library, run the Ivory
Installer again, choosing the library that you want to reinstall. Note that
the Synth library is used by all of the other libraries. If you delete the
Synth library, you can choose any of the other libraries in the Installer
program to reinstall it.
After any operation is performed, the tool selection screen is displayed

again, so that you can choose another operation. Choose Cancel to exit
from tool selection, and then choose Quit to exit the Ivory Library Tools
program.
Ivory • 65
12 • Ivory Factory Presets

Programs
Default
Programs using the Bosendorfer 290 Piano samples
Bosendorfer 290 Imperial Bosendorfer Concerto

Bosendorfer Imperial 6 Bosendorfer 8 Dry
Bosendorfer Imperial 4 Bosendorfer Imperial 10
Bosendorfer Recital Jazz Imperial 10
Bright Bosendorfer Imperial Hall Grand 10
Warm Bosendorfer Imperial Bosendorfer Big Hall 10
Mellow Bosendorfer 290 Bosendorfer 10 Dry
Bosendorfer Studio Salon Bosendorfer 10
Jazz Bosendorfer Soft Hammers and Dampers
Ambient Bosendorfer Ambient Bose Scape
Programs using the Steinway D Piano samples
German Concert D Pop Grand & Pad

Concert D 6 Level German D 8 Dry
Concert D 4 Level German Concert D 10
Concert D Recital Session D 10 Level
Bright Concert Grand Jazz Steiner 10
Warm Concert D Distant Concert D 10
Mellow Concert D German D 10 Dry
Jazz Club D Expressive Concert D 10
Ambient Concert D Vibrant Concert D
Live Rock Grand Orchestral Grand
Live Rock Grand & Pad Wrapped in Blankets
Ivory • 66
Programs using the Yamaha C7 Piano samples
Studio Grand Warm Eastern Grand

Studio Grand 5 Stage Grand & Strings
Studio Grand 4 Honky Tonk Pianer
Jazz C7 Studio Grand 8
Rock C7 Intimate Jazz Club Piano 8
Bright Rock Studio Grand Pop Dynamic C7
Pop Grand Close Mic Rock Grand 8
Solo Jazz Piano Studio 8 Dry
Studio 6 Dry Ballad Studio Grand 8
Chorus Grand Rockin’ Stage 88s
Pop Ballad Keys Lush Chorus Grand 8
Gospel Ivories Tripped Out Grand
Basement Upright Just Synth Pad
Velocity Maps
Default
Linear
Easy 1
Easy 2
Easy 3
Hard 1
Hard 2
Hard 3
Warm Touch 1
Warm Touch 2
Rocker's Touch
Ivory • 67
Effects
Default Bosendorfer Salon
Bosendorfer Imperial fx Soft Hammers fx
German Concert D fx Bright Grand fx
Studio Grand fx Jazz Grand fx
Recital Hall Rock Grand fx
Live Hall Pop Grand fx
Ambient Concert Hall Lacquered Hammers
Jazz Concert Hall Rock Player's Effect
Bosendorfer Hall Basement Upright
Resonant Church Jazz Imperial fx
Bosendorfer Imperial 10 fx Ballad Studio Piano fx
German Concert D 10 fx Pop Grand fx 2
Distant Hall fx Close Mic Rock fx
Bose Hall Rockin 88s fx
Distant Bose Hall fx Chorused Grand
Orchestral Piano fx Pop Excited Chorus
Warm Hall Chorus Hall
Small Club Sweet Chorus Grand fx
Small Room, Close Mic Honky Tonk Saloon
Close Mic Ambient Bose Scape fx
Small Dark Ambience Under A Thick Blanket
Steiner Club Trails
Piano Studio
Note: Default presets are generally ‘blank’ presets. They can be overwritten, but
they cannot be renamed.
Ivory • 68
Keysets
Bosendorfer 10 Level II 10 level keyset w/ alternative velocity switch points*
Bosendorfer 4 Level II 4 level keyset with wider timbral range
Bosendorfer88 4 Level II 88 note 4 Level Bosendorfer w/ wider timbre
German D 4 Level II 4 level keyset w/ alternative timbral range
Studio 7ft 4 Level II 4 level keyset with wider timbral range
* “II” keysets have an alternative set of velocity switch points that will favor the
softer dynamics through the mp-mf playing range.
All Trademarks are the property of their respective holders.

Ivory • 69
Acknowledgements
Production and Sound Design: Joe Ierardi
Software Engine, Interface and DSP: George Taylor
Graphics: Mike Abbott (Vantage Graphics and Design)
UI Design: George Taylor, Joe Ierardi, Mike Abbott
Additional Sample Editing, Processing: Scott Mackey
Additional Software: Rick Cohen, Roy Lovejoy
Additional Sound Design: Geoff Gee, Chris Martirano
Demos: Jordan Rudess, Geoff Gee, Lily von Ballmoos, Michael Bearden,
Volker Rogall, Larry Hopkins
Many thanks to our Beta Testers:
Scott Mackey, John Richmond, Chris Martirano, Chris O’Brien, Geoff Gee,
Cory West, Pierre-Yves Bessuand, Brandon Vaughn, Ken Hickey, Dan
Kalin, Mike Babbitt, Brian Qualls, Todd Campopiano,Tom Salta, Steve
Herbert, Jordan Rudess, Tony Shepperd, Jeff Williams
Documentation: Paul D. Lehrman, Rob Huffman, Max Albert
Package design, Photography and Graphics: Element 18, LA
Web Design: Mike Abbott
Legal: Patti Jones
Additional Legal: Kathy Chapman
Accounting: Roy Lamb, Jeff Murphy
Piano Recordings
All sessions produced by Joe Ierardi
Bosendorfer 290 “Imperial” Sessions
Austin Peay State University, Clarksville TN
Engineering: John Newton & Soundmirror
Pianist: Janice Weber
Post Production/Consultation: Mark Donahue & Soundmirror
Bosendorfer 290 “Imperial” prepared by Gerhard Feldmann,
Bosendorfer New York
Steinway D Sessions
Le Domaine Forget, Saint-Irenee, Quebec
Engineering: John Newton & Soundmirror
Pianist: Janice Weber
Concert Technician: Michel Pedneau
Yamaha C7 Sessions
LAFX, North Hollywood, CA
Assistant Producer: Chris O’Brien
Engineering: Tony Shepperd & Ulysses Noriega
Pianist: Joe Ierardi
Concert Technician: Keith Albright
Ivory • 70
Distribution Exclusively by ILIO

Thanks to Mark & Shelly Hiskey, Chris O’Brien, Brad Strickland, Jeff Alli-
son, Brian Qualls, Martin Tichy, Todd Lampe, and the entire ILIO team…
you guys ROCK!!!
Special Thanks
Ray Kurzweil, Gerhard & Lisa Feldmann @ Bosendorfer, Greg Mathieson
and his C7, Eric Day, Ed Gray, Jonathan Odo, Jay LeBoeuf, Tom Dimuzio,
Cory West and all @ Digidesign. Jim Cooper and all at MOTU. Eliot Sede-
gah @ Apple DTS, Scott Wilkie @ M-Audio, Sascha Kujawa, Panos Kolias,
Stefan Gretscher and the rest of the team @ Apple/Emagic, Joel Gilbert-
son White from Sony Pictures, Rick Scott and everybody @ Parsons
Audio. John, Mark, Stephanie, Blanton and everyone @ Soundmirror.
And Extra Special Thanks to Janice Weber, Patti Jones, John Powers, Tony
Shepperd, Chris Martirano, and Bill Gardner for going above and
beyond… we couldn’t have done it without you!
Personal Thanks
George would like to thank Mom, Dad, Meghan, Joe and Michele, John
and Jen, and Maggie for all of your support and friendship through the
busy times. Thanks to Molly for walking me. Thanks to Scott, Rick, and
John for all of your extra effort. And thanks always to James Windsor,
Matthew North, and Ignatius Ierardi for keeping it real and continuing to
making it all happen.
Joe wishes to thank the Ierardi and Gosselin families for their love and
support, especially my wife and children, Michele, Hannah and Cam-
den… and to my partner George.
Ivory is dedicated to all the great players out there, past, present and
future. Thanks for your inspiration.
Copyright Notices
Copyright © 2004, 2005 Synthogy, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
All Trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
Ivory™ and Synthogy™ are registered trademarks of Synthogy.
Bosendorfer™ is a registered trademark of Bosendorfer.
Steinway™ is a registered trademark of Steinway Musical Instruments, Inc.
Yamaha™ is a registered trademark of Yamaha Corporation.
RTAS™ is a registered trademark of Digidesign.
VST™ is a registered trademark of Steinberg.
Ivory • 71
Synthogy End User License Agreement

This End User License Agreement (“License”) is a legal agreement
between you and Synthogy, LLC (“Synthogy”) regarding Synthogy’s
Software and Soundware, IVORY and the accompanying documentation
(collectively the “Software/Soundware”). CAREFULLY READ THE FOL-
LOWING LICENSE. USING THIS SOFTWARE/SOUNDWARE INDI-
CATES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THIS LICENSE. IF YOU DO NOT
ACCEPT OR UNDERSTAND THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE, YOU
SHOULD NOT INSTALL THE SOFTWARE AND PROMPTLY RETURN
THIS PRODUCT TO THE PLACE OF PURCHASE FOR A FULL
REFUND.
1. License Grant. Subject to the restrictions set forth below,
Synthogy, LLC, as Licensor (hereafter “Synthogy”), hereby grants you,
the Licensee (hereafter called “you”), a non-exclusive, perpetual license to
use the Software/Soundware in accordance with the applicable end user
and technical documentation provided by Synthogy. Use of these sounds
in the product is limited to use within original music compositions. YOU
MAY: (a) install the enclosed Software/Soundware on more than one
computer; (b) physically transfer the Software/ Soundware from one
computer to another provided that it is used only by the purchaser, and
only on one computer at a time; (c) make one copy of the Software/
Soundware, in machine-readable form, solely for backup purposes; pro-
vided you include all copyright and other proprietary rights notices on
the copy. You may not distribute copies of this Software/Soundware or
accompanying documentation. All rights not expressly granted herein are
reserved.
2. License Restrictions. Unless expressly permitted by this Agreement or
otherwise applicable law, you may not, or allow any third party to, (a)
rent, lease, sell, loan or otherwise transfer the Software/ Soundware, the
programs or sounds it contains or any of your rights and obligations
under this License, except as expressly provided herein; (b) install, elec-
tronically transfer or post samples of the Software/ Soundware on a net-
work for use by multiple users, unless each user has purchased a license;
(c) reverse-engineer or disassemble the Software/Soundware in whole or
in part; (d) remove or destroy any copyright notices or other proprietary
markings of the Software/ Soundware; (e) modify or adapt the Software/
Soundware, merge the Software/Soundware into another program or
create derivative works based on the Software/Soundware; (f) make cop-
ies of or distribute, for profit or otherwise, the Software/Soundware,
except as expressly stated above; (g) make any alteration, modification,
connection, disconnection, improvement or adjustment of any kind to or
use the Software/ Soundware or any of its sounds except as explicitly
Ivory • 72
provided in the enclosed documentation and in this License and (h) subli-
cense, transfer or assign this License or any of the rights and obligations
granted under this License. Any purported transfer or assignment will be
void.
3. Copyright. This Software/Soundware and accompanying materials are
copyrighted. Unauthorized copying of the Software/ Soundware, in
whole or in part, is expressly forbidden. Use of the Software/Soundware
or any of its sounds in another digital sampler, or mixing, filtering, repro-
cessing, re-synthesizing, or otherwise editing the Software/Soundware
for use in another product is strictly prohibited. Synthogy, LLC retains all
rights not expressly granted. Nothing in this Agreement constitutes a
waiver of Licensor’s rights under the U.S. Copyright laws or any other
federal or state law. Synthogy monitors other Soundware and Software
releases in vigilance of any copyright infringements, and will prosecute to
the fullest extent of the law. Music producers may use Synthogy libraries
on any commercial music release (including music libraries) with the con-
fidence that the sounds are guaranteed 100% COPYRIGHT CLEAN.
Every sound on a Synthogy disc has been pre-cleared for musical use.
Once you have purchased a disc, no additional licensing fees are required
to use it in your music compositions. However, all products require a spe-
cific crediting for Ivory in the liner notes of the music release. Screen
credit for Film/TV use is not required. Multimedia and Game Music use
of Ivory is restricted to use within the musical compositions themselves.
4. Ownership. The license granted hereunder does not constitute a trans-
fer or sale of ownership rights in or to the Software/ Soundware. Except
for the license rights granted above, Synthogy retains all right title and
interest in and to the Software/Soundware including all intellectual
property rights therein. The Software/Soundware is protected by appli-
cable intellectual property laws, including United States copyright laws
and international treaties.
5. Term and Termination. This License shall be effective upon installation
of the Software/Soundware and shall terminate upon the earlier of (a)
your failure to comply with any term of this License; (b) return, destruc-
tion or deletion of all copies of the Software/Soundware in your posses-
sion. Synthogy’s rights and your obligations shall survive termination of
this License.
6. Updates. Synthogy may, from time to time, revise the performance of
its products and in doing so, incur NO obligation to furnish such revi-
sions to any LICENSOR customer. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, any
new features that augment or enhance the current Software/Soundware,
including the release of new properties, shall be subject to terms of this
License, and shall be provided at the sole discretion of Synthogy.
Ivory • 73
7. NO OTHER WARRANTIES. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH ABOVE, THE

SOFTWARE/SOUNDWARE IS PROVIDED ON AN “AS IS” BASIS. YOU
ASSUME ALL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE QUALITY AND PERFOR-
MANCE OF THE SOFTWARE/SOUNDWARE. SYNTHOGY AND ITS
LICENSORS AND SUPPLIERS MAKE NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS,
IMPLIED OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WAR-
RANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. LICENSOR DOES NOT IMPLY THAT THE
OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE/SOUNDWARE WILL MEET YOUR
REQUIREMENTS, BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR FREE. SOME
STATES/JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW EXCLUSIONS OF AN
IMPLIED WARRANTY OR LIMITATION ON HOW LONG AN
IMPLIED WARRANTY MAY LAST, SO THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT
APPLY TO YOU.
8. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. YOU AGREE THAT IN NO EVENT
WILL Synthogy BE LIABLE FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL,
INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES WHATSOEVER,
EVEN IF Synthogy HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL SYNTHOGY’S LIABILITY
EXCEED THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF THE FEES PAID FOR THE SOFT-
WARE/SOUNDWARE. SOME STATES/ JURISDICTIONS DO NOT
ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL, CON-
SEQUENTIAL OR SPECIAL DAMAGES IN CERTAIN CIRCUM-
STANCES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
9. General. This License is governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts and the United States of America, without regard to con-
flict of laws principles therein. The federal and state courts within the
County of Suffolk, Massachusetts shall have exclusive jurisdiction to
adjudicate any dispute arising out of this License and you hereby consent
to the personal jurisdiction of the federal and state courts within the
County of Suffolk, Massachusetts. This License is the entire agreement
between you and Synthogy and supersedes any other communication
with respect to the Software/ Soundware. No modification of or amend-
ment to this License will be effective unless in writing signed by both par-
ties. If any provision of this License is held invalid or unenforceable, the
remainder of this License will continue in full force and effect.
Ivory • 74
Support
Synthogy is committed to providing a product that is powerful, reliable
and user friendly. Please check our website for user tips and updates. If
you require immediate assistance, the quickest support response will
usually come by contacting your local Synthogy distributor. If your situa-
tion requires additional help that your distributor is unable to provide,
contact us directly and we will help you as soon as possible.
www.synthogy.com
info@synthogy.com
800-745-8020 (U.S. Toll Free)
+1-207-439-1052
Index • 1
A G
A4 pitch 34 Gain 34
AIFF 47 GarageBand 20
Ambience 38
Audio H
rendering 47 Hard Drive 5, 8, 46–47, 51–56,
Audio Units 5 59–63
Authorization
I
troubleshooting 49
Installation 6
Authorizing Ivory 11
Instantiation
B Macintosh platform 13
Broadcast WAV 47 PC platform 21
Buffer size 35 Ivory 3
playing directly from the
C Main Screen 36
Chorus 37 Ivory Authorization Tool 11
Copyright Notices 70
CPU 5, 45, 52, 59 K
Cubase Key Noise 32
Macintosh 15 Keysets 30
PC 23
L
Cubase VST 5 17
Latency 35, 46, 54, 61
Customer Service 74
Logic 6 13
D Logic 7 13
Diagnostics 36
M
Digital Performer 14
Machine ID 11
Disk, see Hard Drive
Macintosh applications 13
Dynamic Range 32
Main Screen 29
E MIDI 47
Effects 37 MIDI indicator light 36
End User License 71 MIDI Volume 47
EQ 37
N
Equal temperament 35
Nuendo 15
F
Fine Pitch 34
Index • 2
O Synth Layer 31
Octave 34 System Requirements 5
Optimization 45
T
P Timbre 32
PC applications 21 Transpose 34
Polyphony 34, 45 Troubleshooting 49
Presets Macintosh platform 50
list of 65 PC platform 57
saving and loading 41 Tuning 35
Pro Tools
Macintosh 18 U
PC 22 Unlock Code 12
Updates 48
R
RAID 56, 63 V
RAM 5, 35, 45–46, 52–54, 59– V Stack 16
61 Velocity 39–40
RAX 19 Voices 34, 45, 46, 47
Release 32 VST 5
Release Samples 31
W
Rotary knobs 28
WAV 47
RTAS 5
Windows applications 21
S
SDII 47
Serial Number 11
Session 34
Soft Pedal 47
Soft Pedal Samples 31
Sonar 24
Sostenuto pedal 47
Stereo Perspective 34
Stereo Width 31
Stretch tuning 35
Support 74
Sustain pedal 47
Sustain Resonance 33

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Ivory • 1

3 • Using Ivory in a Host Application (Macintosh)13

4 • Using Ivory in a Host Application (PC) . . . . . 21

6 • The Main Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

7 • The Effects Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

8 • The Velocity Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

9 • Saving and Loading Presets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

12 • Ivory Factory Presets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

What makes Ivory unique?

In addition to the primary recordings, there is an entire set of release

Sustain Resonance is an exclusive DSP function that accurately repro-

In addition, Ivory contains a Timbre control, which is essentially a low-

A useful Effects section includes a two-band equalizer, a chorus/ﬂanger,

Finally, in addition to the piano sounds, an additional synth-pad layer

System Requirements (PC)

Installing Ivory (Macintosh)

Double-click on the disk icon if the window doesn’t come

Bosendorfer Imperial Grand: Bosendorfer 290 Imperial Grand (16.5 GB)

German D 9’: German Steinway D 9' Concert Grand (13.5 GB)

Studio 7’: Yamaha C7 Grand (11 GB)

Once you’ve made format and library selections, choose a location to

After making selections and choosing a destination folder, click Install.

Installing the large library ﬁles is resource-intensive, and may take up to a

Installing Ivory (PC)

You'll be prompted to read a short welcome message, and then to read

The piano library choices are:

Bosendorfer: Bosendorfer 290 Imperial Grand (16.5 GB)

German D 9’: German Steinway D 9' Concert Grand (13.5 GB)

Studio 7’: Yamaha C7 Grand (11 GB)

Click Next to begin the installation.

VST applications only: VST applications (such as Cubase, Nuendo, and

Installing the large library ﬁles is resource-intensive, and may take up to a

Use this number, along with

Enter Unlock Code (sent by

Macintosh Authorization Dialog Box

Use this number, along with

Enter Unlock Code (sent by

Windows Authorization Dialog Box

To register, you need the Machine ID displayed on the Ivory Authoriza-

If the library installation is interrupted at any time, either by Quitting it

If you choose not to authorize Ivory when completing the installation,

3 • Using Ivory in a Host Application

Note: With OS 9 host applications such as Cubase VST 5 and others, it

Apple Logic 7 or Logic 6 (OS X only—AU)

MOTU Digital Performer 4.x (OS X—AU)

Activate Record enable for that track.

Steinberg Nuendo, Cubase SX3 or SX 2

Go to MIDI Output for that track and select “Ivory”.

Steinberg V Stack (OS X—VST)

Cubase VST 5 (OS 9—VST)

Select a MIDI Track to record on.

Digidesign Pro Tools (OS 9 or OS X—RTAS )

In the Mix window, record-

Granted Software RAX

In the Instruments panel, click the AU button on the module labeled

4 • Using Ivory in a Host Application

Digidesign Pro Tools (RTAS )

Steinberg Cubase (VST)

Go to MIDI Output for that track and select “Ivory”.

From the Windows Start menu, choose Programs >Cakewalk >Cakewalk

5 • Ivory’s Structure and Controls

A Session contains a Program, as well as all other performance and pro-

An Effects Preset is a snapshot of the settings on the Effects screen. Effects

A Velocity Map Preset is a snapshot of the settings on the Velocity screen.