ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ECONOMY

(EMG 3303)
PUBLIC TOILET AWARENESS AMONG UPM
STUDENT

GROUP MEMBER
Lim Liting (148616)
Wong Chiok Ling (148679)
Nur Munirah binti Shafie (148208)
Nur Hazirah „Aqilah binti Ramli (148744)
Norermma Farhana binti Anuar (148833)

LECTURER
Prof. Mad Nasir Shamsuddin
Introduction:

A public toilet (also called a bathroom, restroom, toilet room and so on) is a public toilet
facility and at a minimum, a public toilet can be a single unit featuring a toilet and hand basin for
hand washing. Public toilets can also be larger facilities, which may include bathing facilities or
showers, changing rooms and baby facilities. Public toilets may be stand alone buildings or
installation, or be contained within buildings such as railways station, schools, bars, restaurants,
nightclubs or filling stations. Public toilets can also be found on some public transport vehicles,
for use by passenger. Public toilets are usually fixed facilities, but can also refer to smaller public
portable toilets, or larger public portable toilets constructed as portable buildings.

Public toilets are commonly separated by gender into male and female facilities.
Although some toilet can be unisex, particularly the smaller or single occupancy types. Both
male and female toilets may incorporate toilet cubicles, while many male toilets also features
urinal. Increasingly, public toilets incorporate accessible toilets and features to cater for people
with disabilities. Public toilets also divide in two types; which is squat toilets and flush toilets.

Public toilets has generally contain with toilets (located within stalls with locking doors),
urinals (man room‟s only), hand wash faucets, soap dispensers, hand dryer, paper towel tissues,
garbage dustbin and mirror. In Malaysia, Public toilet also similar with title of dirty, unhygienic,
clean less and stinky. Many of public toilet are not unattended and users also take for granted
with the cleanliness of toilet. Many people prefer to going for paid public toilet because it more
attended and clean but now, there are many authorities person and residential of Malaysia, aware
of the public toilets because the behavior of Malaysia are evident in the toilet – if the toilet dirty,
the Malaysian people also dirty. This awareness is important to make that others country believe
that not most of the citizen are ignored the public toilets.
Problem Statement:

Public toilet is one of the important, easily been seen and necessary public goods. Toilet not
only for relieve and tidy up oneself, but it also is a place that we can relax ourselves, despite its
unpleasant odors. “Public toilet not belongs to anyone but belongs to everyone”. Thus, everyone
has and should take care of them. Other than local authorities and cleaners for toilets, public own
self has the biggest obligation to look after the toilet‟s hygiene. This is common sense and we all
been told since we were young. Therefore, we all have the awareness, but the awareness of
everyone is in different extent.

We have encountered many unpleasant experiences with public toilets in Malaysia. Some
have been vandalized, poorly maintained and dirty. Maybe some of us have experienced using
well maintained and clean toilet. But, most of the Malaysia public toilet in our impression is link
to dirty and filthy. Why this will happen although we know public toilet is an important public
good who we and others always need to use. Everyone knows that we all have the responsibility
to take care to the public toilet but there is lack of people who willing practices it. People might
feel lazy to take care and always think that there is somebody else to do such things. Public
easily shifts off their responsibility to cleaner and local authority to keep up the toilet‟s hygiene.
Some people might think they have the right to mess the toilet since they already pay the fee.
Public toilet is important part in our life, since we not always at home and we will use it. It is
important, we use it all the time and it belongs to everyone. But, maybe because it belongs to
everyone (not belong to ourselves) or in another meaning, public asset; people feel others will
take care for them and ignore their duty to use the public toilet properly and make it clean for
others.

Objectives:
1. To investigate UPM students‟ awareness, perception and attitude toward public toilet.
2. To survey the amount of money and the willingness to pay by the UPM students for the
improvement of public toilet
3. To increase UPM students‟ awareness toward public toilet.
Methodology:

On this, we using the data collection to analysis our survey about public toilet awareness
among student in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) .We distributed 50 questionnaires and divide
to 25 males and 25 females. We divide in the same population because to investigated which
gender are more concern awareness for the public toilet.

Data collection is documenting that gathering information to address those critical

evaluation questions that you have identified earlier in the evaluation process. There are two
general types of information which is descriptive and judgmental. For the descriptive there are
have 5 categorized in it. There are characteristic of the project, amount of the participation by
target audience, rate of user of public toilets, type of participants and demographic data. For the
judgmental, there are consumer preferences and target audience belief and value.

We use survey as our main material to make this research and distribute the
questionnaires form to the student as the evidence to our research. The survey is basically an
assessment of how a person or group feel about a particular issues and it is not too hard to find
the respondents. The questionnaires are a group of questions that people respond to verbally or in
writing. Basically, the entire respondent will be giving the survey form and they need to answer
all of the questions inside that. In our questionnaires regarding to the „Public Toilet Awareness
among UPM Student‟, it been divided to three (3) section which is section 1 are asking the
awareness perception and attitude, section 2 asking for willingness to pay and section 3 are more
to socioeconomic profile.

Besides that, we are using contingent value method (CVM) for estimate the economic
values and estimate both use and non use values. It is most controversial of the non-market
valuation methods. CVM is a stated preference valuation method that uses questionnaires to ask
directly individuals to state their preferences for the environmental commodities. People use the
CVM for the research because of the importance non-use values and their potentially significant
levels.
Analysis and Discussion:

1.1 Do you have or know about the awareness of public toilet?

100%
90%
80%
70% 88%
76%
60%
50% Males
40% Females
30%
20%
24%
10% 12%
0%
Yes No

From the data, we could see that there is 76% among the male respondents whose have the
awareness of the public toilet and 24% of them do not have the awareness of it. While among the
female respondents, there is 88% of them have awareness of the public toilet but 12% of them do
not have the awareness. The respondents who have awareness of public toilet are due to that they
have been inculcated with the knowledge of cleanliness of toilet since they are young. Thus, the
value of emphasizing on cleanliness is very important for them every time and the awareness
among themselves would be high, too. The respondents who have no awareness of public toilet
might because they do not approach to the cleanliness since young and they do not bother about
it at all. Both male and female have the awareness among themselves and there is no much
difference.

1.2 Which type of toilet you prefer?

28%
Flush toilet
Squat toilet
72%
 From the data, there is 72% of respondents prefer using flush toilet because they might think
it is more convenient and they could sit on the bowl for a long time. While there is 28% of the
respondents like to choose squat toilet as it is cleaner than flush toilet. Their backside would not
touch the toilet bowl directly because it might full of germs because many people are using it at
the same time.

1.3 Public toilet is one of the public goods. It does not belongs to anyone, but it does belongs
to everyone.

1.3.1 Do you think public toilet is an important public good?

120%
100%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
0%
Yes No

After the analysis, we could see that 100% of the respondents think that public toilet is an
important public good because it is convenient if we want to look for toilet in the public area. It
is impossible for us to bear and wait until we reach our houses. Thus, public toilet is an important
public good and facility which is provided for public use. None of the 50 respondents think that
public toilet is not an important public good as they need to use it recently especially to tidy up
themselves or go toilet.

1.3.2 Do you think that you are responsible to take care of the public toilet?

100% 90%
80%
60%
40%
20% 10%
0%
Yes No
 From the graph, 90% of the respondents either male or female think that they are
responsible to take care of the public toilet because it is one of the facilities provided for the
public and we have the responsibility to take care of it. Besides that, only 10% of them think that
they do not have the responsibility to take care of it because the local authorities or the cleaning
agencies should have the responsibility to take care of the toilets‟ cleanliness and they are just
the users.

1.3.3 Do you take care the public toilet right now?

14%

Yes
No

86%

From the pie chart above, we could know that 86% of the respondents are taking care of
the toilet right now because the level of awareness among students are quite high and their value
of cleanliness is also very high due to their high education level. They have to take care of all the
facilities which had provided for the public. At the same time, there are only 14% of the
respondents do not take care of the public toilet right now because they might not using the toilet
frequently.

1.3.4 If not, are you willing to do so?

25%
Yes
No
75%
 From the 14% respondents from previous question, 75% of them are willing to take care
of the public toilet while 25% of them are not willing to take care of it. Those who are willing to
do so because they still have the awareness of taking care of it but need depend on the situation.
If they are forced to do so, then they might follow the rules to take care the cleanliness.
Meanwhile, if they do not have the need to take care of it, they are no bother about it or just
ignore the cleanliness. They are selfish and not consider about other users‟ right and they less of
civism conscious among themselves.

1.4 Do you think fee-based public toilet will be cleaner compared to the public toilet which
is free of charged?

80%

70%

60%
68%
50%
56%
40% Males
44% Females
30%
32%
20%

10%

0%
Yes No

From the data, 56% of the male respondents and 68% of the female respondents think that
fee-based public toilet will be cleaner compared to the public toilet which is free of charged
because they have paid for it and they have the right to use a clean toilet. They are willing to pay
for the fee in order to have a hygiene condition. In the contrary, 44% of the males respondent and
32% of female respondents do not think that fee-based public toilet will be cleaner compared to
the public toilet which is free of charged because either fee-based or free of charge, the public
toilet still have to look after the hygiene for public use as it is one of the facility to the public.
The cleaning agencies have to play their roles to make sure the toilets are in clean condition for
the public use even though it is free of charged.
1.5 Do you think that you have the right to use the public toilet without care because you
had paid for it?

90%

80%
84%
70%

60%
72%
50%
Males
40% Females
30%

20% 28%

10%
16%
0%
Yes No

From the bar chart, 16% of the male respondents and 72% of female respondents think
that they have the right to use the public toilet without care because they had paid for it. They
deserved what they have paid and they have the right to use a clean toilet. Although some of
their actions will make dirty of the toilet, but they think that the cleaning agencies should have
the responsibilities to clean it. The percentage of male respondents is lesser than the female
respondents because males normally would not bother or care about it compared with female. At
the same time, female would more care about what they deserve after they had paid for it. While
for the male and female respondents who do not think so is about 84% and 28% each. This is
because although they think that they had paid for it, they still have the right to take care of the
cleanliness as their awareness of toilet‟s cleanliness is very high. If both public and the cleaning
agencies do not take care of the toilet, then the toilet would be very dirty and the public are not
going and or could not even use it. It is the public facility and either we paid or do not pay, we
still have to think of other users and the public toilet is share by all of us.
1.6 Do you refuse to use the public toilet due to the dirtiness of it?

40%

35% 38%

30%

25%
24%
20%
20%
15% 18%

10%

5%

0%
Most of the time Sometimes Depends Never

The highest data is 38% which the respondents sometimes refuse to use the public toilet
due to the dirtiness of it. The reason is that they could not able to bear with the odor in the toilet
or the rubbish inside the toilet. They feel uncomfortable to use it and they rather find another
public toilet which is cleaner. There are 24% students choose to use the public toilet most of the
time and 20% of them choose to depend to use it due to the dirtiness of it. Most of the time, they
already could not bear anymore. This is because they might have the habit of not using smelly or
dirty toilet except in their houses. They would uncomfortable if they forced themselves to enter
the toilet which is disgusting. As for the respondents that depends on the situation, they could
choose either go back home just use or just use it although it is dirty. They might want to bear it
because they have the habits of using clean and odorless toilets. Moreover, there are 18% of
students never refuse to use the public toilet due to the dirtiness because they would not stay in
the toilet for a long time. Thus, they are able to stand the odour or rubbish as they just need some
minute to use the toilet. The difference between male and female are almost the same.
1.7 Do you think the hygiene of public toilet represent the image of Malysians’ attitude
towards cleanliness and civism?

100% 92%

80%

60%

40%

20% 8%
0%
Yes No

The difference between all the respondents are high because those who think that the
hygiene of the public toilet represent the image of Malaysians‟ attitude toward cleanliness and
civism is 92% while only 8% disagree with that. Those who agree on that is because if there are
foreigners who visit our country and would like to use our public toilet, they will be shocked
when saw our toilets are very dirty. Besides that, it will also spoil the image of the public toilets
and our culture in Malaysia. They might change their attitude toward the citizens in Malaysia as
the toilet is so important for the public. The rest 8% think that it is nothing to do so with them as
this is about personal perception. Not all the Malaysian lack of attitude towards cleanliness and
civism. They think it is just a minor part of the Malaysian who does not have the attitude towards
cleanliness and civism.

1.8 In your opinion, do you think Malaysians have civism awareness?

24%
Yes
No
76%
 From the pie chart, there is 24% of students which have the civism awareness as they like
cleanliness and could not stand on the odor of it. Thus, they are more willing to have the civism
awareness which the hygiene habits had inculcated in their mind since they are young. While for
the left 76% who think that Malaysian does not has the civism awareness because it is none of
their business to take care of the hygiene of the toilet.

1.9 If not, what are the measures that should be taken to improve Malaysian’s civism
awareness?

Campaign
19.10%
35.10% Law and Regulation

Education
26.50%

Media
19.10% (TV, Radio, Newspaper)

There are some ways to improve Malaysian‟s civism awareness. 35.10% of the
respondents think that campaign is very important to inculcate awareness of cleanliness among
the respondents. By having this campaign, the respondents can also being educated about the
correct ways to use public toilet . The government should collaborate with the Non Government
Organization (NGO) to organize some activities or campaigns. Law and regulation and media
have the same percentage which are 19.10% . By having law and regulation enforcement, it
could also help because it compels people to follow the rules. By the way, this measure only
works for those who really care for the law and understand the impacts of disobeying the law.
Most of the children and teenagers are not aware of the law as they are not so familiar and
understand the law and regulation. The media measure could connect people everywhere and
public could approach to the media easily due to the advancement of technology currently. While
for the education measure, there are 26.50% of the respondents think that education is important
because the value of cleanliness will be inculcate in their minds forever if they had been
educated with it through education.

1.10 Do you think it is easy to find public toilet in Malaysia?

90% 80%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30% 20%
20%
10%
0%
Yes No

From the bar chart, there are 80% of the respondents think that it is easy to find public
toilet in Malaysia. Currently, there are many mobile toilets in some urban area which are for the
convenience of public. It is easier to find the public toilet if they really need it urgently. While
20% of the respondents think that it is difficult to find public toilet because they think that the
public toilet is quite far away whenever they need it urgently. They think it is very troublesome
to walk so far just for finding a toilet.

1.11 In your opinion, what is the hygiene level of Malaysia’s public toilet?

50%
44%
45%
40%
35%
30% 28%
26%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5% 2%
0%
0%
Very bad Bad Moderate Clean Very clean
 For the hygiene level, from the total of either male or female respondents, there are 44%
of the them think that the public toilet in Malaysia is in moderate level because some of the
public toilets are clean and some are dirty, thus, they think it is moderate in average. There are
26% and 28% of respondents feel that the hygiene level of public toilet are in very bad and bad
conditions. However, it is all depend on the difference of perception and level of hygiene among
the respondents. At the same time, there are only 2% of the respondents think that the public
toilets are clean and none of them think it is very clean.

1.12 In your opinion, who is the prominent party that should take the responsibility
for the public toilet’s hygiene?

70% 66%

60%

50%

40%

30%
22%
20%
12%
10%

0%
Public Local Authority Cleaning Agency

About 66% of the respondents think that the public is the prominent party that should
take responsibility for the public toilet‟s hygiene. It is likely the same concept of „Polluter Pay
Principle‟ which the public are the main users and they have to take care of it as they are the one
who „pollute‟ the cleanliness of the toilet. However, there are 22% of the respondents feel that
the cleaning agency has to take responsibility for the public toilet‟s hygiene because it is their
responsibility and job. The respondents who choose the local authority is about 12% because
they think that local authority has the power of make sure the cleanliness of public toilets.
1.13 In your opinion, which is the most prior criteria for public toilet?
70%
60% 64%
50%
40%
30%
20%
22%
10% 4%
10%
0%
Aesthetic Hygiene Convenience Fee

From the bar chart, there are 64% of the respondents think that the hygiene of the public toilet is
the most prior criteria. They would choose the comfortable and clean toilet because there are
many germs after the usage of public. They would feel uncomfortable if the public toilet is
disgusting. There are 22% and 10% of the respondents think that aesthetic and convenience are
the prior criteria for public toilet. Users prefer the good that is beautiful and they would prefer
more on the toilet which is nice in design and the public would also have a happy mood after
using it. The convenience of toilet is important as they think whenever they want to use it, they
would find it easily or everywhere. However, there are only 4% of them choose that the fee is the
prior criteria because they are not willing to pay for it as it is a facility for public and the local
authority should take the responsibility to make sure the hygiene of public toilet. They do not
care about the hygiene but they would still use it as long as it is free of charge.

1.14 Most of the toilets have some notice about how to take care of the toilet.
1.14.1 Do you think it is necessary to put those notices?

14%
Yes

86% No
 There are 86% of the respondents think that it is necessary to put those notices in the
toilet as a reminder for the respondents to behave when using the public toilet. The public might
blame the local authority for not putting on the notices when they had been scolded for not
taking care of the hygiene. The public would find excuse to avoid the punishment, thus, they
think it is necessary to put on to avoid those incidents from happening. While there are only 14%
of respondents think that it is not necessary to put on because they already have the awareness of
taking care the toilet and it is the personal awareness of whether they want or do not want to take
care of the hygiene of public toilet.

1.14.2 Do you think these notice work?

0% 0%

40%
Yes
No
60%

Based on this question, even though the management have put notice in the toilet, about
40% respondent admit that this notice work while the other 60% said that this notice give no
effect to them at all. This is due to they have no time to read the notice or sometimes they do not
notice it. Plus, these notices will only work to those who really care about the law and who really
understand and know what will happen if they disobey the law. Sometimes, some people do not
understand the meaning of the notice especially for kids. For an example, if the notice is in
Malay language, Chinese and Indian kids will do not know what the meaning since them still
young and not good in Malay language at all, in other words, they still learning the Malay
language. Plus, the kids and teenager also do not know what is the impact of disobey the notices
and law and we cannot totally blame them if they disobey the notices. Hence, these problems can
result the notice not work at all.
1.14.3 Will you follow the instructions of the notices or just ignore it?

80% 74%
70%
57%
60%
50% 43%
40%
30% 26% Ignore
20%
10%
0%
Male Female

From the graph, we can see that about 43% male respondent will follow the notices while
the other 57% male respondent will just ignore the notice. For the female, about 74% respondent
will follow the notice while the other 26% will just ignore it. This is happen due to irresponsible
person who refuse to help the management of the toilet to take care of it. Plus, when others
ignore the notice, it will influence the other people. We also can conclude that female more
behave when using the toilet compare to the male. This is because male normally take it as
simple thing. Plus, normally male love to do something in a short time and they also hate wasting
the time. So, these make the male normally enter the toilet and just do whatever they want to do
and immediately leave the toilet. In this situation, we can see and conclude that the male do not
have time to read the notices in the toilet and in fact, make the notices not work at all.

1.14.5 If you see a tissue paper in a sink, what is the action you will be taken?

0%

22%
Ignore
Take and throw it away
20% 58% Tell the cleaner to fix it
 According to the graph, about 58% said that they will ignore, 20% will take and throw it
away and 22% will tell the cleaner to fix it. For those who will just ignore the tissue paper, they
think that it is not their responsibility to throw and fix it, it is cleaner responsibility. Besides,
some people will feel disgusted to take the tissue paper since the tissue paper may be dirty and
have a lot of germs. Plus, they do not know the tissue being used for what. As a result, they will
just ignore the tissue paper or if they still have a little responsibility, they will tell the cleaner to
fix it since they do not want to do ii on their own. By the way, there are some respondents admits
that they will take the tissue and throw it away. For those who willing to do so, it is due to they
realize that they have the responsibility to take care of the toilet, not only cleaner. They also
think that toilet is not belongs to anyone, but it is belong to everybody. So it means, they realize
that the toilet is belongs to them and they should take the responsibility to take care of the toilet
so that the toilet can remains hygiene and cozy to be used.

2.1 Currently, the fee for the public toilet entrance is RM0.30.

2.1.1 Do you think that the fee is reasonable?

80%
68%
70%
60% 54%
50% 46%

40% 32% Yes

30% No
20%
10%
0%
Male Female

Based on the graph, we can see that about 32% male and 46% female respondents said
that the fee that they paid for the toilet entrance is reasonable while the other 68% male and 54%
female respondents said that the fee is not reasonable at all. This is due to level of hygiene for the
toilet they use. Different place has different toilet condition. Some place with or without fee
entrance, the level of hygiene for the toilet is good, for instance, shopping complex‟s toilet.
Normally, the toilet have no fee entrance but the management of the shopping complex already
cover the cleaning toilet cost since it is one of the facility for their customer. By the way, there
are some places where their toilet is still dirty even though every user needs to pay the fee
entrance. This is due to number of toilet user. For an example, if the toilet is in Puduraya (bus
station) where there are many people there, the result is there will many toilet users too. When
there are so many toilet users, the management of the toilet (cleaner) cannot clean the toilet very
well, plus the money that they get from the toilet fee entrance cannot fully cover the cleaning
cost. This will directly makes respondents feel that the fee entrance is not reasonable at all. By
the way, if the fee is not reasonable, we cannot totally blame the management of the toilet, we
also need to consider the location and condition of the toilet.

2.1.2 Do you think the fee you paid is worth with the service (hygiene, workers’
attitude?)

80%
67%
70%
57%
60%
50% 43%
40% 33% No
30% Yes
20%
10%
0%
Male Female

From the graph above, we can see that about 67% male respondents admit that the fee
they paid is worth with the services while the other 33% male respondents feel that the fee is not
worth all. For those who think that the fee is worth, this is maybe they think that toilet is not too
important until the management of the toilet need to give the best service. They also think that it
is enough as long as the toilet has all basic necessity that people need such as water, hand wash,
tissue paper and hand dryer. By the way, those male respondents who said it is not worth, maybe
it is due to the location and condition of the toilet. Some places, their toilet is in good condition
but some are not. This will result some male respondent will think that the fee is not worth at all.
While for the female, about 43% respondents said that the fee is worth, the other 57% admit that
the fee is not worth at all. Those who said the fee are worth, this is maybe due to the condition of
the toilet or the respondents‟ attitude themselves. Some female are just like male, think that toilet
is not too important, as long as they can use the toilet, it is ok enough. By the way, most female
are so fussy where they want something perfect and good, if the things is not perfect enough,
they will directly assume that the thing is bad. Same goes to the public toilet issue. When they
pay the fee entrance, they will put a big hope that the toilet must be in good and perfect
condition. By the way, if they see the toilet is not good and perfect, they will assume that they
fee they have paid is not worth at all.

2.2 If the fee of the toilet entrance increases from RM0.20 to RM0.50, due to
improvement of the toilet facilities, hygiene and convenience:

2.2.1 Are you willing to pay for it?

80%
69%
70% 64%
60%

50%

40% 36% Yes

31%
30% No

20%

10%

0%
Male Female

After a survey had been done, about 31% male respondents said that they willing to pay
the fee while 69% are not willing to pay it. For the female, about 64% willing to pay the fee,
while the other 36% not willing to pay for it. For those who willing to pay for it, they think that
if they pay for, they can get the best level of hygiene of the toilet. It is more to satisfaction.
While for those who not willing to pay for the fee, they think it is a waste and they prefer to use
the other which is cheaper or free. Or maybe they willing to bear their relieve and just use their
toilet at home. From this graph, we also can conclude those females are more concern towards
the hygiene of the toilet while the male are not too concern on this value.
2.2.2 If no, how much are you willing to pay for the improvement of the public
toilet?

27% 27%
Free
RM0.10
RM0.20

46%

About 27% respondents said that they want the fee to be free, 46% want to pay 10cent
while the other 27% want to pay only 20 cent. For those who want the fee to be free is because of
two reasons, first is if the toilet is in a shopping centre for example the management of the
shopping centre should have covered the cost to keep the toilet clean by using the rent money
they collect from all the shop in the shopping centre. Second if the toilet is at public such as at
Port Dickson, the fees to keep the toilet clean should be covered by the government since we
already paid our tax.

2.2.3 If yes, what is the highest price that you are willing to pay for it?

25%
RM0.30
50% RM0.40
RM0.50
25%
 Based on the graph, about 50% respondents agree to pay 30 cent while the other 50%
agree to pay 40 and 50 cent (25% respectively). The main reason why they willing to pay more
than the usual fee is they just wish that if they pay more, the level of hygiene increase and the
service become better. Other than that, they also think that it is their responsibility to help the
management of the toilet to take care of the toilet since they cannot take a brush and brush the
public toilet themselves after they use it. It is like they pay the cleaner to clean the toilet that they
have used.

3.0 Details of the respondents

3.1 Gender

Gender

25 25
Male
Female

3.2 Year

16
14
14
12 11
10 9 First Year
8 Second Year
6 5 Third Year
4
4 3 Forth Year
2 2
2
0
Male Female
3.3 Race

14

12

10

8 Malay
Chinese
6
Indian

4 Others

0
First Year Second Year Third Year Forth Year
Conclusion:

As a conclusion, public toilet is the one of important things to the community. It is being
necessary to us because every day we will use it. We need to have the responsibilities to care the
hygiene and cleanliness of public toilet because it is belong to everyone and everyone have the
responsibility to aware the public toilet. Besides that, the awareness of public toilet needs to be
increased and education on the public toilet awareness must be implement and done in order
people can behave when using the public toilet. The education not only for students, but also for
all public users. The things that we can educate to people are why we need to pay for the toilet
fee entrance, what will happen if we disobey the rule and what our responsibilities towards the
public toilet are. Moreover, the prices to enter the public toilet will influence the cleanliness and
the hygienic standard. By the way, even though we need to pay for the toilet fee entrance, the
level of hygiene still bad, this is due to the location and condition of the toilet. Sometimes, the
user for the toilet is too much until the management of the toilet can give the best service and
fully fix it due to the cost to manage the toilet is not enough. Last but not least, the research
shows that the females are more concern and cautious with the hygiene and cleanliness of public
toilet.