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Water enters a rotating lawn sprinkler through its base at the steady rate of 16 gal / min. The exit cross section area of each of the two nozzles is 0.04 in.' and the flow leaving each nozzle is tangential. Determine the resisting torque required to hold the sprinkler head stationary.
Water enters a rotating lawn sprinkler through its base at the steady rate of 16 gal / min. The exit cross section area of each of the two nozzles is 0.04 in.' and the flow leaving each nozzle is tangential. Determine the resisting torque required to hold the sprinkler head stationary.
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Water enters a rotating lawn sprinkler through its base at the steady rate of 16 gal / min. The exit cross section area of each of the two nozzles is 0.04 in.' and the flow leaving each nozzle is tangential. Determine the resisting torque required to hold the sprinkler head stationary.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Verfügbare Formate
Als PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
5.68
5.68 Water enters a rotating lawn sprinkler
through its base at the steady rate of 16 gal/min | orl ext
as shown in Fig. P5.68, The exit cross section area ‘area = 0.04in2
of each of the two nozzles is 0.04 in.? and the flow
leaving each nozzle is tangential. The radius from.
the axis of rotation to the centerline of each noz-
ale is 8 in. (a) Determine the resisting torque
required to hold the sprinkler head stationary.
(b) Determine the resisting torque associated with
the sprinkler rotating with a constant speed of 7
500 rev/min. (¢) Determine the angular velocity Z Q + 16 ealimin
of the sprinkler if no resisting torque is applied. ;
stationary
control Volume.
FIGURE P5.68
This is somifar to Example §.17-
(a) To delermme the resisting torgue reguiied to hold the gnivkler
head statlonary we use The memtnt- of momentum forgue
equation ( &y. §.50). Thus,
Zr G
Tate = 5%, = 282%, w
Por Va, we use 7 ;
; (é me
yor B= fn) MM a
78 Phnt 2 (0.04 in? 7.48 gal (60
Z OF
ez ae BO
Ue = #7 4
2
With Eg. we tbtain
= (094 Hab BANG in (Bt LNG “,)
Crab ene A
a Bs (oo (2 &
a baie Fa
= 2.96 FAM
Crake 7 2H Stl
(b)To determme the resisting torgue associated with a sprinkler speed
of $00 rev we use €g./ afain. However, with rofafion we have
min
Vp @)
4
a. gt (vt BS) = 64175.68 (con't)
For U, we use
= (9 im.) Goo Be) Gm Ze )
Uznw
(2B) bg,
Thus with &y.2 we have
Vy = 6407 Ht ~ 34.0 e
42
= 34.91
5
> 29% ft
aud with we obfann :
(094 ge (16 $4! YB in JOT.26 #)( te 2)
i
r
Shelf ~
(78 a) 5) 2) a
and
q 135 Fle
shaft ————
(To determine the angulay velocity of the sprinkler if ho res/shin
is applied we use the combination of &%5. | and 2
torgue
12 obfasn
Uw,
fs
or
w= Wo Gurr BYCi2 ) gg ved
“C8 in) s
te CB in)
The rotor speed, M, is thus
920 ver
N= = (Hs nd) GH) . =
an ed)5.71
5.71 A water turbine wheel rotates at the rate of 50 rpm in.
the direction shown in Fig. PS.74. The inner radius, 7, of the
blade row is 2 ft, and the outer radius, r, is 4 ft. The absolute
velocity vector at the turbine rotor entrance makes an angle of
20° with the tangential direction. The inlet blade angle is 60°
relative to the tangential direction. The blade outlet angle is
120°. The flowrate is 20 ft'/s. For the flow tangent to the rotor
blade surface at inlet and outlet, determine an appropriate con-
stant blade height, 6, and the corresponding power available at
the rotor shaft
Section (1) Section (2)
Since m FIGURE P5.74
Q = 274 b\%,
then the blade height, 6, is determined with
b= a 4)
207 hy,
The shaft power, Wyyarp , is obtained with the moment-of -mementum
net out
power equation C&.§.53). Thus,
= (UG, TUM.) = PACU, UY, )
Shath
eee uit woe
and the use of “#" or - with UVg, depends on whether
Vez “s opposite to or in the same direction as U, respectively.
(o,2
To determine the value of VB, we use the velocity triangle at
section (1). Thus, we have
Mr Men +u (3)
tan 20° tan 0°
However
Uo =Gw
(con't)5.71 (con't)
thus a! leads to
oe orice, Cag¢4) (50 tom 2 EG
- eee Se 76514
oo 8.
"Cae thet) Cay ~ than) Ok
With &.1 we obtan
2
5. @#) 20925 ft
4 ft
2a (4#t 965! )
Fer the blade velocities or Eg.2 we get
U sw = GF (0mm) (27 BE) _ on gy ft
i ——“Gozy a
= (ft) (50m (2m
Ue he = BHM Bom) C27 RE) yy tt
603. .
For Vy, we use the velecity” triangle at stction()) to obtain
Ve 9.65) e
Vy, = Mer 2S 62 ft
ic Yan 20° tan 20° ee FE
For V,
fg, We construct the section (2) velocity triangle Skethed below
(Vg, not to scale)
“Ma
and we realize that”
Von > Vag tan 30° ~ Y 4)
From eae, of mass
Yaa * Mey He %, (G)= = (2651 tt (et) = (ast
(on't )§.73
5.73. The radial component of velocity of water leaving the
centrifugal pump sketched in Fig. P5.73 is 30 fi/s. The mag
nitude ofthe absolute velocity atthe pump exit is 60 fy/s. The
fluid enters the pump rotor radially. Calculate the shaft work
required per unit mass flowing through the pump.
Vg = 30 tis
Ye
cots
M FIGURE P5.73 Yume
The stationary and non- determing control volume shawn in the
sketch above is used. To dekwmpae the shatt work per
unit mass Whale, We Can use &. $94. Thus
Whate = UM,
qa)
The blade speed ,U,, can be blamed as rollows,
a
ero tgsnemmn ye ay, ef
The tangentiel velocity, ¥, Ay can a ” pbhetied wa fi
%. 7 - Bt = [Go #)*~ (so) ] = #
Thus, frm &./
fos £t\/ sa tt (pe te 2 5960 fhNG
shaft 76 WM 2) olay. Zz) oo
£
slug5.74
5.74 A fan (see Fig. P5.74) has a bladed rotor
of 12-in.-outside diameter and 5-in.-inside di-
ameter and runs at 1725 rpm. The width of each
rotor blade is 1 in. from blade inlet to outlet. The
volume flowrate is steady at 230 ft/min and the
absolute velocity of the air at blade inlet, Vi, is
purely radial. The blade discharge angle is 30°
measured with respect to the tangential direction
at the outside diameter of the rotor. (a) What
would be a reasonable blade inlet angle (mea- }
sured with respect to the tangential direction at :
the inside diameter of the rotor)? (b) Find the i
power required to run the fan. FIGURE P5.74 taal
The stationary and vnon~ deforming control volume shown in the
sketch, abwe is used. To determine a reasonable blade
talet angle we assume that the blade shonid be tangent fo
the relative velocity at the inlet. The salet Velocity *iangle
1s sketched belw.
With the velocity triangle , we conclude that
- rar () a
Yu
yo. 8, wai
"A aah, aw (a5 in CT) aoe 2
a
yu = (2.5 in) ay ) Gn es) _ 3x6 tt
(12 in. 60s 7 5
ft C Pin)
Thus with Ey.
#
CEFN" Coan’)5.74 (con't)
fhe Power reguired, Wee » may be obtamed with Ey. 5.53.
as
=muUYV @)
Shatp 2 2 G2
The mass Howvak , rh, may be obtained as Follows.
2 -3
ti, = PQ = (23x shee) 230 fe cL )= sexo
6B bos. 2
ms
Also a
U = hw = in ans pg, 2H eee tt
(12 te ) (60 =)
bun
The value of Vy may be obtained by considerin fae Yeleity
triangle tov the How feaviig the rotor at sectin(i). The
relative velocity at the votw exit is Considered to be tangent
to the blade there, The volw exit flow velocity iangle is
G2 & 62 .e
and “ ¢ 230 f# lee $e)
Ww, = Ve, Darth, _ 20 (bin Wim abe fin). poy ft
d tam 30° tin 30" Yan 30* os
Thus
y= 903 f asd . gag tt
62 z F £
and from &%.
Wat = (9.12 05 slay I(f0 Hy(ot4 A! 4.
Slug5.13R
structed from pipe with }-in. inside diameter as indicated in F
P5.13R. Bach arm is 6 in. in length, Wat
sprinkler at the rate of 1.5 Ib/s. A force of 3 Ib positioned
halfway along one arm holds the sprinkler stationary. Compute
the angle, 8, which the exiting water stream makes with the
tangential direction. The flow leaves the nozzles in the horizon-
tal plane.
b-12in—
8.13R (Moment-of-momentum) _ A lawin sprinkler is con- [
Hows through the
FIGURE P5.13R
the stationary , non~ determing contro! volume shown in tHe
sketch ts used. Application of the axial compunent
of the moment—of- momentum equation (bq. 5-50) kads »
= m = 6 1,
ieee aes a V cos aM
Since
Y= hm
2
20 Arosle poring
where a .
eT nngyle opening
no3he 4
&g. 1 leads pe cartel
_ TPuogte open volume
00s O = Ttaht®P % : o
10" te
where m= pay = £0- Bea Lees = 0.0466 Si
2
LL gs
p= cos) te GRIN LIF yt) & ge #)
(0.0466 Sluae)* (& Ft)
This,
O@ = 23.95.16R
er turbine is
through the
00 rpm, esti
‘mate the shat torque and shaft power involved. Each nozzle
exit cross-sectional area is 3.5.x 10-5 FE,
5.16R (Moment-of-momentum) A small
designed as shown in Fig. PS.16R. If the flow
turbine is 0.0030 slugs/s, and the rotor spect
J wozzie ext ea =
¥ g5x 106?
FIGURE P5.16R i
For shatt forgue we can use the axial
component of the moment - of - momentum eguation (EG. 5.50).
Thus, with Vy, =O*
eom rt V,
Catt " a .
Consideration of the absoluke and relative velocities of the
How out of each nozzle (ste sketch belav) leads to
Yar KW \eVoo
where 7 Ww
z
aud
U,= hw U,
Thus, . ;
thas 7 (Sm 5 )
‘shaft 2pA oaye
Tot -b.003 Sia gran] oes
Shalt
12 ti 2(0H SEV 3.5 x10 #4? )
we
ie
Gin G00 20 24) (Ga)
(7B) (5) oe
(continved)5.16R continued
=-0.0107 Hl jmues $i forgue opposes
0 tl Conchals “wn Oa
Mow, |
Wrote? Tohath
or yr vid
ae = (0,007 Ft Ib (3 wy Gn 0996 ttl
‘shalt 40 E ——
mn
(minus sign means work is out of the Control volume)
Fractional Differential Equations: An Introduction to Fractional Derivatives, Fractional Differential Equations, to Methods of Their Solution and Some of Their Applications