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Preparation of Aspirin
Date: 14-12-10
Muhammad Usman
(2008-chem-02-B)
Pyridine:
Harmful:
Pyridine is harmful if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through the skin.
Highly flammable:
It has a flash point of 21 oC. It can readily catch fire. So care should be taken
while handling it. However, pyridine itself is weak carcinogen.
Properties of Pyridine:
IUPAC Name Pyridine
Azabenzene
Other names Azine
py
Appearance Colorless liquid
Structure
Harmful:
It is a Harmful compound & can cause hearing loss in Zinc deficient
individuals.
Structure
Harmful:
Eyes and skin is specially damaged with acetyl chloride. It can cause pain &
vomiting. It also reacts hazardously with ethanol and phosphorus tri-chloride.
Highly flammable:
It has a flash point of 13 oC. It can readily catch fire. So care should be taken
while handling it because its combustion products include Acetaldehyde which is
a strongly carcinogenic substance. However, ethanol itself is not cancer causing.
Corrosive:
Acetyl chloride is a corrosive compound. It burns eyes and causes blistering on
skin.
Water:
It is a non-hazardous compound.
Environmentally safe:
Water is an essential part of life. Life cannot be sustained without water.
Food & eatables contain some amount of water in them. It is a non-
hazardous compound.
Water
IUPAC name
Oxidane
Hydrogen oxide
Dihydrogen monoxide
Hydrogen monoxide
Hydroxylic acid
Hydrogen hydroxide
Other names
R-718
Oxygen dihydride
Oxygen hydride
Oxane
Structure
Appearance
Melting point 0 oC
Boiling point 99.98 oC
Acidity (Pka) 15.74
Basicity (Pkb) 15.74
Viscosity 0.001 Pa.S (20 oC)
Preparation of Aspirin
Chemicals required:
1) Acetyl Chloride 2) Dry Pyridine
3) Salicylic acid 4) Water
Chemical reaction:
Apparatus Required:
Volumetric flask Weigh Balance
Wire Gauze Tripod stand
Filter paper Beaker
Stirrer
Procedure:
1. Place 10 g Salicylic acid in conical flask & added 7 ml of Pyridine. Finally added 7.5 ml of
acetyl chloride at a rate of 1 ml per unit time with shaking continuously.
2. The reaction was exothermic in nature. The heat of reaction is responsible for the rise in
temperature of the mixture. Maintain the temperature of the mixture between 50-60 oC.
3. Then the solution was heated on water bath for 5-10 minutes & then cooled. This mixture was
poured in 300 ml of cold water.
4. Solution was filtered and aspirin was dried as product.
Precautions:
1. Take special care to avoid fumes evolved during heating or use fuming hood while
heating.
2. Solution should be stirred continuously during heating.
3. Water bath should be used for heating purpose.
Uses of Aspirin:
Aspirin’s uses lie in the category of Drugs. Its uses in the form of drug are as follows.
Analgesic:
It is used to relieve minor aches and pains.
Antipyretic:
It is used to reduce fever.
Anti inflammatory:
Aspirin is also used as an anti-inflammatory drug.