Dual Phase Steels

Grade Availability
ArcelorMittal offers a full spectrum of dual phase (DP) steels with tensile strength levels ranging from 500 to 980 MPa.

Tensile Strength Hot Rolled Cold Rolled
Uncoated Uncoated EG HDGI HDGA
I 500 MPa - Yes Yes - -
550 MPa - Yes Yes - -
590 and 600 Dev Yes Yes Yes Yes
MPa
690 and 700 Yes Yes
MPa - - -
780 MPa Dev Dev Dev - Dev
965 MPa - Yes Yes - -
980 MPa - Dev - - Dev EG: Electrogalvamzed

HDGI: Hot-Dip-Galvanized HDGA: Hot-Dip-Galvannealed

Yes: Products Commercially Available

'DEV' products are under development or in limited production.

Please inquire about the status and availability of these products.

ArcelorMittal produces two types of dual phase steel. The Ol-FORMTM grades are conventional DP steels with low yield-to-tensile-strength ratios. The HI FORM (HF) grades use additional solid solution strengthening in the ferrite phase to provide higher yield strength and, hence, higher yield-to- tensile- strength ratios. In addition several grades are, also, specially processed to provide high stretch flange ability (SF) and improved (or high) bendability (Ol-FORM HBTM).

Product Characteristics

DP steels are one of the important new advanced high strength steel (AHSS) products developed for the automotive industry. Their microstructure typically consists of a soft ferrite phase with dispersed islands of a hard martensite phase. The martensite phase is substantially stronger than the ferrite phase.

Note: Information contained in this document is subject to change. Please contact our sales team whenever you place an order to ensure that your requirements are fully met. Please contact us if you have a specific requirement that is not included in the range of products and services covered by this document.

Update: August 2009

The Ol-FORMTM grades exhibit low yield-to- tensile- strength ratios, high initial work hardening (n-value), no yield point elongation (YPE) and significant bake hardening (even greater than low-carbon bake-hardening grades). The HI FORM (HF) grades exhibit high yield-to- tensile- strength ratios, some YPE and lower bake hardening than the 01- FORMTM grades. These characteristics of dual phase steels allow the products to provide high strength, excellent formability, and high strain energy absorption capabilities.

With careful schedule selection, the DP steels are joinable by all current welding processes, including resistance spot, resistance seam, arc, and laser methods.

CAE structural engineers should be cautioned, however, that the unique high work hardening and bake hardening characteristics of DP steels require special treatment in finite element analysis crash models. Generally, accounting for high strain rate behavior and forming effects (thinning/thickening, work hardening, bake hardening) will yield more accurate crash simulations results. CAE engineers should contact ArcelorMittal for product-specific mechanical property information to use in these situations.

Application

Ol-FORMTM T500 is intended primarily for exposed outer body panels (door, hoods, fenders). Its excellent formability and high work hardening and bake hardening behavior permit designers to reduce outer panel gauge and weight substantially while maintaining or improving dent resistance. It offers designers the opportunity to substantially reduce closure weight, and possibly avoid substitution of more costly lower density materials.

The low and intermediate tensile strength, low yield ratio grades (590 to 980 MPa TS) are frequently used in body structure applications requiring high energy absorption (i.e. the crumple zones - front and rear longitudinal rails and supporting structure). The low yield strength helps keep the initial deceleration pulse low, yet the high work hardening rate and excellent ductility absorb greater deformation energy than conventional steels. Good formability permits using these products in complicated shapes, and good weldability permits using these steels in tailored blank and hydroformed tube applications.

The intermediate to highest strength grades, including the high yield ratio DP steels, are typically used in applications requiring extremely high yield strength and adequate formability, such as passenger safety cage components limited by axial buckling or transverse bending. These components (rockers, pillars, pillar reinforcements, roof rails, and cross members) rely on high yield strength to prevent intrusion into the passenger compartment during a collision. Dual phase steels enable designers to apply high yield strength steels to safety cage components that are too complex to form with the higher strength martensite steels. The HF 80Y100T (690 MPa tensile strength) and 01- FORMTM 140T (965 MPa tensile strength) are also used extensively for bumpers and door intrusion beams. Nonstiffness critical applications like seats can take advantage of high yield strength to reduce gauge and weight. The HF 80Y100T is used extensively in these applications.

Note: Information contained in this document is subject to change. Please contact our sales team whenever you place an order to 2

ensure that your requirements are fully met. Please contact us if you have a specific requirement that is not included in the range of products and services covered by this document.

Update: August 2009

Representative Dual Phase Steel Stress Strain Curves

Dual IPhsSie Steells

1200~------------------~~================~

T

-I~(; - I(Ji!!FQ~M "f500

- HDGA" IOIFORM 1590

-IBaTe" HIP 7OY80i

'-IB:i3fe • !"If 80Y11 UOT -IBare • DIFORM H(}T'

I

01,05

O+-~-r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

0.00

0,2::5

Dual Phase - 500 MPa TS Steels

Grade Availability - ArcelorMittal Products

10,10

Hot Rolled

Cold Rolled

Uncoated

Uncoated

HDGA

EG

HDGI

DEV DI-FORMTM T500

DEV DI-FORMTM T500

EG: Electrogalvanized




ArcelorMittal offers cold rolled 500 MPa tensile strength dual phase grades with different coating conditions (bare or electrogalvanized). These grades are part of ArcelorMittal's DI-FORMTM family of dual phase steels and exhibit low yield-to-tensile-strength ratios,

Application

DI-FORMTM T500 is intended primarily for exposed outer body panels (door, hoods, fenders). Its excellent formability and high work hardening and bake hardening behavior permit designers to reduce outer panel gauge and weight substantially while maintaining or improving dent resistance. It offers designers the opportunity to substantially reduce closure weight, and possibly avoid substitution of more costly lower density materials.

Chemistry

The cold rolled (uncoated) product can also be used for structural applications,

Product

Chemistry

DI-FORMTM T500

Low carbon steel with Mn, Si composition

Note: Information contained in this document is subject to change, Please contact our sales team whenever you place an order to 3


Update: August 2009

Processing

The dual phase steels are produced using low-carbon compositions strengthened with manganese (Mn) and silicon (Si). Steels are cast into slabs and hot rolled. Hot rolled coils are further processed and cold reduced into lighter gauges. The cold reduced product is then further processed using continuously annealing technology.

Typical Microstructure

EG - DI-FORMTM T500 contains ferrite and martensite



Update: August 2009

Typical Mechanical Properties
Yield Strength Tensile Total
Coating Product Strength Elongation
(MPa) (MPa) (%)
Bare DI-FORMTM 258 529 31
T500
I EG DI-FORMTM 300 547 29
I T500 R-bar

n 1

0.9

0.20

0.9

0.19

The strain range for n-value is 10-20%

Representative Stress-Strain Curves

Dual! Pltl~~e, ·S~'$Bil SeN} .MPi3! Tgnsilg StrerJ{lth

660.-------,------------------------------.-------,

300··

fOO -

l

O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~._~-rT-~~~~

CLop

QJO ~i5 ala

" Eflg,~rr'le~riin9.I.SWairi

Stress-Strain curve data is available upon request.

0 .. 05



Update: August 2009

Formability Behavior

40 . i' 35, .E_, 30· :!

il! :25·

i

m 20'

~, 15· ';:

;:[ 10

Forming Limit Diagram

O.,:80Ifllm E,G ., DIF'OIRM 1'500

I:!. ~ II1c~pli'ent

G Safe

• Necked

~O.20 ~O.15 ~O.1 0 ~O,,05 0.00 10.05 0.10 O.1S 0.30 iMliinor TrWle Strai Ii1I

Angular Stretch Bend Test Results Ali'IlgJiIIIl'3J1r Stretch Benld 1i',Qst EG·~ D~FORM 1"5.00

T

I

-GlilagEl

~O,166mlirn

0--- -. '0'

HI

R J t ratilo,

Note: Information contained in this document is subject to change, Please contact our sales team whenever you place an order to 6


Update: August 2009

Sheared Edge Stretching Test Results

Product

Gauge (mm)

Average Hole Expansion (%)

EG-DI-FORMTM T500

0.66

56.0

EG-DI-FORMTM T500

0.81

57.2

Fatigue Behavior

Strain Life Parameters

Fatigue Strength Coefficient (MPa)

743

Fatigue Ductility Coefficient

0.648

Fatigue Strength Exponent

-0.081

Fatigue Ductility Exponent

-0.553

Cyclic Strength Coefficient (MPa)

739

Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent

0.136

Strain Life Curve

DuallPha.Siei St@ells.

DIIFORMI 1500

01[1 .,

~ ::!::

"ii.

l! 1.OIE"03

:e;: "'ffi

... ~

(J)

......
.....,
i"-
to........
i'""""" ~
- ......

- 1J~~04 1,)011:",0[3



Update: August 2009

Weldability of EG - DI-FORMTM T500

The resistance spot welds were made using a Sciaky 100 kVA pedestal air operated machine with RWMA class II (Cu-Cr) electrodes of face diameter 6.4 mm. For electrode conditioning, 175 to 250 welds were used.

Current Range (kA)

Gauge Power Electrode
Cap Size
(mm) Mode (mm)
0.65 AC 6.4
0.81 AC 6.4 Electrode Force (Ibs)

Expulsion Current (kA)

Electrode Life (welds)

Weld Time (cycles)

Hold Time (cycles)

640

12

30

11.26

1.29

2250+

680

12

30

11.24

1.65

2000+

The current range of DI-FORMTM T500 was found to be comparable to that of 21 0 MPa dent resistant bake hardening (BH210) steels. Higher electrode forces are required for DI-FORMTM T500. as compared to BH21 0 steels, due to the higher strength of the DP steel.



Hot Rolled

Cold Rolled

EG

HD-GI

HD-GA

Uncoated

Uncoated

HF 70Y80T

HF 70Y80T


HDGI: Hot-Dip-Galvanalized HDGA: Hot-Dip-Galvannealed

ArcelorMittal offers cold rolled 550 MPa tensile strength dual phase grades with different coating conditions (bare or electrogalvanized). These grades are part of ArcelorMittal's HI FORM (HF) family of dual phase steels and exhibit high yield-to-tensile-strength ratios.

Application

These grades are used in automotive body structures, reinforcements and brackets where sufficient strength is needed to achieve optimum part performance.

Chemistry

Product

Chemistry

HF 70Y80T

Low carbon steels containing Mn and Si

Processing

These steels are produced using regular low-carbon compositions strengthened with manganese (Mn) and silicon (Si). Steels are cast into slabs and hot rolled. Hot rolled coils are further processed and cold reduced into lighter gauges. The cold reduced product is then further processed using continuously annealing technology.



Update: August 2009


Coating

Product

0.12

Bare

HF 70Y80T

Yield Strength (MPa)

Tensile Strength (MPa)

Total Elongation (%)

R-bar

n 1

532

660

20

0.9

The strain range for n-value is 10-20%


I~hllall P hasle Steells 550 M Pa. iensile Stretl1lgth

100

I
1 ......... ...-- ~
:1/ '~

-Silf'e- HF jlIolYaOTI

·1 600

100

o 10,001

0.:20

Stress-Strain curve data is available upon request



Update: August 2009

Dual Phase - 590 and 600 MPa TS Steels


I Hot Rolled

Cold Rolled

Uncoated

Uncoated

EG

HDGI

HDGA

DEV HFT 590 SF

DEV DI-FORMTM T590

DEV DI-FORMTM T590

DEV DI-FORMTM T600

DEV DI-FORMTM T600

DEV DI-FORMTM T600

DEV DI-FORMTM T600





ArcelorMittal offers hot rolled and cold rolled 590 and 600 MPa tensile strength dual phase grades with different coating conditions. ArcelorMittal's DI-FORMTM family of dual phase steels exhibit low yield-to-tensile-strength ratios. A hot rolled 'SF' grade is under development and intended for stretch flanging applications. The hot rolled grade is part of ArcelorMittal's HI FORM (HF) family of steels.

Application

The dual-phase microstructure results in a high-strength product with excellent formability. These grades have also been shown to exhibit significant bake hardening, and this phenomenon can be used to effectively design parts for optimum performance.

These grades are used for automotive structural parts, pillars and rails. All products are for unexposed applications only.

The stretch flanging grades will be targeted for automotive structural and chassis parts.

Chemistry

Product

Chemistry

HFT 590 SF

Composition under investigation

Low carbon steels containing Mn and Si composition

DI-FORMTM T590

DI-FORMTM T600

Processing




Update: August 2009




Update: August 2009


Yield Strength Tensile Total
Coating Product Strength Elongation R-bar n 1
(MPa) (MPa) (%)
Bare DI-FORMTM 370 602 27 0.9 0.16
T590
HDGA DI-FORMTM 355 615 24 J 0.9 0.15
T590
Bare DI-FORMTM 377 665 24 0.9 0.16
T600
I HDGI DI-FORMTM 333 614 26 0.9 0.16
T600 The strain range for n-value IS 10%-20% or Uniform Elongation J JIS test


It:lil.ilail PhasleStee!ls

590 a.nd 16001 M Pa Tie nsUe Strein:gt h

- Bare - tOllF'O RM ir590 ~ HDGA - IDIIF'ORM T-o.90

100> -

L

- Bare - IDIIFIQ RM noo

- HDGI - DIF'ORM T600

Qi "'=~=-~-""'F-~-=-~-=-""-~-~-~-"=9F""'=-==-9'-=-~-=-=-"9""-=-=-=-~-

0.00

0,10

Stress-Strain curve data is available upon request



Update: August 2009

Formability

Angular Stretch Bend Test Results

45 ~------_'---------.--------.---------.--------.

5+-----+---~~1----~----~--~~ O~~~~F_~F9~~~~~_r_F~9F~~~~r_r_r_~

1i5 20 +-----+----I-----+-----+--------i ~, 15t---------t-------~·~~~age~ .. =S=I~~=.~:M~~========±===~--_j ~ 1 [I +---------t----------1 ~ 1.119 IffiIIrI BalFe ~ DIIFJ):RM T590 r---

~ 1.40 ImrlI1IDGII- DIFO~M TOO!!!

1101 1:5

R J t fatlle,

20

Sheared Edge Stretching Test Results

Product

Gauge (mm)

Average Hole Expansion (%)

Bare-DI-FORMTM T590

1.19

51.1

HDGI-DI-FORMTM T600

1.40

27.1

Fatigue



1179


1.179


-0.112


-0.633


1078


0.167

Endurance Limit, 5 x 106 cycles (MPa)

228



Update: August 2009

Strain Life Curve

Dual Pha.SJei S:ooells DIIFORMI 1590

~ "C ~ :!::

Q..

.i 1.0~03

~ "ffi

... ""+!'!

(J)

--

-..
~~
"""-
T ._,
-
-

I 'IJ]~()4 1 "OE!"'O~

Dual Phase - 690 and 700 MPa TS Steels


Hot Rolled

Cold Rolled

Uncoated

Uncoated

EG

HOGI

HOGA

HF 80Y100T

HF 80Y100T

OEV Ol-FORM HB ™ T700

OEV Ol-FORM HBTM T700


HOGI: Hot-Oip-Galvanized HOGA: Hot-Oip-Galvannealed

'OEV' products are under development or in limited production.


ArcelorMittal offers cold rolled 690 and 700 MPa tensile strength dual phase grades with different coating conditions (bare or electrogalvanized). These grades exhibit high yield-to-tensile-strength ratios. The Ol-FORM HBTM grade is also designed to provide superior (or high) bendability.

Application

These grades are used in automotive body structures, reinforcements and brackets. The grade can used for rollforming and stamping of door-intrusion beams, bumper-reinforcement beams, and various seating components, such as tracks, pillars, risers and towers.

The high bendability (HB) grade offers part manufacturing to tighter bend radii thereby providing improved part performance.



Update: August 2009

Chemistry

r

Product

Chemistry

Ol-FORM HBTM T700

Low carbon steels containing Mn and Si

HF 80Y100T

Processing

High Strength Steels are produced using regular low-carbon compositions strengthened with manganese (Mn) and silicon (Si). Steels are then cast into slabs and hot rolled. Hot rolled coils are further processed and cold reduced into lighter gauges. The cold reduced product is then further processed using continuously annealing technology.

Microstructure

HF 80Y1 DOT contains ferrite and martensite.


Coating

Product




R-bar

n 1

Bare

HF 80Y100T

584

740

17

0.9

0.12

The strain range for n-value is 10%-Uniform Elongation.



Update: August 2009


DllIail P hase Steells 6910 M Fla. Tensile Stretl1llgth

800.TI----------.---------------------~--------~

1i' 700 II~._.'.. _,..--- . - - - .. ~. ___...-

iIlb 600.J -

~ :~ 500 :! iCf.i 400-

'm!i:: ',e:

.~ 300

Ie:

"g. 200 m

100: --

I

_. C~ HI" 00'(100T 1-

0,05

(I ---: ---------------------

0.15

0.10 tEngiir1:ee~iil1lg Sllr~iitill


Fatigue Behavior



1682

0.329


-0.139


-0.498


2211


0.272



207



Update: August 2009

Strain Life Curve

Duall IPha.S!e! Steells HIF 80Y 11 OOl

'1,0IE'""'0'4 . --,-- -- ... -

11.QCi-03 t,OiEtO<l



Uncoated

Uncoated

EG

HDGI

HDGA

Hot Rolled

Cold Rolled

DEV DI-FORMTM SF T780

DEV DI-FORMTM T780

DEV DI-FORMTM T780





ArcelorMittal offers hot rolled and cold rolled 780 MPa tensile strength dual phase grades with different coating conditions (bare or hot-dip-galvannealed). These grades are part of ArcelorMittal's DI-FORMTM family of dual phase steels. A stretch flange able (SF) hot rolled product is under development.

Application

The dual-phase microstructure results in a high-strength product with excellent formability. These grades have also been shown to exhibit significant bake hardening. These grades are used for unexposed automotive structural parts where high strength and formability is essential and where significant part performance and durability is desired.



Update: August 2009

Chemistry

Product

Chemistry

Ol-FORMTM T780

Low carbon steel with a Mn, Si composition

Ol-FORMTM SF T780

Composition being evaluated

Processing




Hot Rolled

Cold Rolled

Uncoated

Uncoated

EG

HOGI

HOGA

Ol-FORMTM 140T

Ol-FORMTM 140T

OEV Ol-FORM HB ™ T965

OEV Ol-FORM HBTM T965


HOGI: Hot-Oip-Galvanized HOGA: Hot-Oip-Galvannealed

'OEV' products are under development or in limited production.


ArcelorMittal offers cold rolled 965 MPa tensile strength dual phase grades with different coating conditions (bare or electrogalvanized). These grades are part of ArcelorMittal's Ol-FORMTM family of dual phase steels and exhibit low yield-to-tensile-strength ratios. A grade with improved (or high) bendability (Ol-FORM HBTM) is also available.

Application

Ol-FORMTM 140T is a cold rolled, dual phase steel. This product exhibits a low yield-to-tensile-strength ratio, high strain hardening and high bake hardening in strained areas. These products can be used in both rollformed and moderate stamping applications.

Typical applications are:

• bumper reinforcement beams

• door intrusion beams

• seating components

• structural cross members

The high bendability (Ol-FORM HBTM) grade offers part manufacturing to tighter bend radii thereby providing improved part performance.



Update: August 2009

Chemistry

Product

Chemistry

DI-FORMTM 140T

Low carbon steels containing Mn. Si composition

Processing



DI-FORMTM 140T contains ferrite and martensite. Mag: 5000X


Coating

Product




R-bar

n 1

Bare

DI-FORMTM 140T

662

1024

13

0.9

0.10

The strain range for n-value is 4%-6%.



Update: August 2009


I~h,ilail P has1e Steells 965 M !Fla. l'ensile Stretl'ilgth

o ----------

ODO

OJM

ODo

0.08

(U2


Fatigue


iQ.14


2303


0.159


-0.135


-0.469


3706


0.279


345



Update: August 2009

Strain Life Curve

Dual Pha.Siei $:ooells DIIFORMI 140T

1 .. 0E--<04 +----9F.""""F9F""I'"F'IRFrT""-1F9F9F'FIFIFF·".,· ·~-"""._"""'!F'IFlFlFrr··F-~~'IF. ~9FF~

1.01:.+03

1.01:+04

1.01:+00

1.01:+0;6

1.01:+01



Hot Rolled

Cold Rolled

Uncoated

Uncoated

EG

HDGI

HDGA

DEV DI-FORMTM T980

DEV DI-FORMTM T980

DEV DI-FORMTM SF T980





ArcelorMittal offers cold rolled 980 MPa tensile strength dual phase grades with different coating conditions (bare or hot-dip-galvannealed). These grades are part of ArcelorMittal's DI-FORMTM family of dual phase steels. A stretch flange able (SF) hot rolled product is under development.

Application

The dual-phase microstructure results in a high-strength product with excellent formability. These grades have also been shown to exhibit significant bake hardening. These grades are used for unexposed automotive structural parts where high strength and formability is essential and where significant part performance and durability is desired.



Update: August 2009

Chemistry

Product

Chemistry

DI-FORMTM T980

Low carbon steels with a Mn. Si composition

Processing




Update: August 2009

Dual Phase Steels

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