Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
hu
Euro C1
Practice Test
Euro Examinations
Practice Test • Level C1 • Operational Proficiency
CONTENTS
Test 4
Mediation Part A
• Question and Answer Sheet Page 33
Mediation Part B
• Question Paper Page 54
• Answer Sheet Page 35
Test5
Speaking Page 37
All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, displayed, published or broadcast without the
prior written permission of the Euro Examination Ltd.
Jelen kiadvány teljes egészében szerzői mű, az Euro Nyelvvizsga Kft. szellemi tulajdona. Bárminemű sokszorosítás vagy további
felhasználás kizárólag az Euro Nyelvvizsga Kft. kifejezett írásos hozzájárulásával engedélyezett!
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
The Euro and EuroPro exams test communicative competence by testing success in real
communication. Exam tasks are directly based on the Common European Framework of the Council
of Europe. Passing the Euro or the EuroPro Exam indicates that the candidate can undertake a
variety of real-life tasks in English.
Below is a table showing for each test its name, the number of tasks, the time allowed and the
number of available marks. Each of the tests is then described on the following pages.
In order to pass the candidate must get 65% of the 150 available marks, as well as getting 40% or
more in each test.
T a s k 1 - E n g l i s h into H u n g a r i a n
Test 1
Reading & Writing
Part A
Candidate Number:
Time: 60 minutes
• Answer all the questions
• Write all your answers on this question paper
• You must not speak to the other candidates
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
On this page and the next page is an article about the early life of Professor J. C. Wells.
Choose the best paragraph heading for each paragraph. The first one has been done for you.
A SUBSIDISED EDUCATION
B GIVING UP AN ACADEMIC
APPROACH
C EXAMPLE - FAMILIAL ROOTS
D A BRIDGE TO WORLD LITERATURE
E EXPANDING ACADEMIC
KNOWLEDGE OF LANGUAGE
F PARENTS IN FINANCIAL
DIFFICULTIES
G IMMERSION LANGUAGE LEARNING
H PARENTAL OCCUPATIONS
I NOTING EVERYTHING
Professor J. C. Wells
Example My father was born in South Africa in 1909. His own father had died
shortly after his birth, and my grandmother then brought the family
to England. My father's mother and brothers later returned to South
Africa, but my father remained in England until his death in 1974.
My mother, Winifred, born 1910, was from Yorkshire. Her father
was a schoolteacher, and her mother was from the small village of
Dent in the Yorkshire Dales.
2 Between the ages of five and nine I attended Notre Dame Roman
Catholic primary school in Wigan. From 1948 onwards I attended
boarding schools, first Broadwater Manor House preparatory school
in Worthing, Sussex, and then, from 1951, the (minor) public school
St John's Leatherhead, Surrey. My parents could not have afforded
from their own resources to educate me at independent schools, but
I was supported from the age of nine onwards by scholarships.
Read the following text and then write one - three paragraphs of continuous prose (about
150-200 words) that includes answers to the following questions:
1 What did Roger do in his life apart from singing, touring and
song writing?
2 What musical s u c c e s s e s did Roger have in non-English
• Note: not all the information in the text is relevant for the tasks; it may not be necessary
to read the whole text.
• Please feel free to mark the text if you wish.
• Do not include information that does not specifically answer these questions.
• Do not include any direct or indirect spoken quotations within your answer.
• Do not include any directly copied-out pieces of original text within your answer.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
T a s k T h r e e : W r i t i n g (20 minutes)
Dear Neighbour,
What a disgrace. I'm trying to get as many people as possible to write to the council and
complain.
Please join our campaign; we must stop this. I've added some of my notes to the leaflet to
give you some ideas.
Using t h e i n f o r m a t i o n above:
Candidate N u m b e r :
E A
Centre Code Candidate Code
T a s k O n e : P a r a g r a p h H e a d i n g s - Questions 1-6
Task T w o : A Long T e x t
Please w r i t e your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Task T h r e e : W r i t i n g
Please w r i t e your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Test 1
Reading & Writing
Part B
Candidate Number:
Time: 45 minutes
• Answer all the questions
• Write all your answers on the answer sheet
• You must not speak to the other candidates
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Text 2
A. .. .fundamentally flawed.
4. According to the author, what happens when somebody says 'I don't speak Japanese'?
Text 3
L a n g u a g e Holidays: T h e E s s e n t i a l s
Report filed August 2005
FIRST things first. A language-learning holiday is no place for a honeymoon,
pleasingly eccentric though this may sound. You will end up arguing about
the use of the subjunctive when you should be arguing about more interesting
things.
A language holiday is also no place for absolute beginners, whatever
the adverts say. Simply being in a foreign country no more gives you
immediate access to its language than being in a laboratory gives you
immediate access to astrophysics.
If you don't know the basics - "Yes", "No", "Take your hand off my
knee" - attend evening classes in Britain first. They are cheaper and, when
you go to the pub afterwards, the staff will understand what you are ordering.
Language holidays are for improving, not launching.
The third opening caveat is not even to contemplate going with
someone much more gifted than you at languages. She - and I use the
feminine pronoun advisedly - will grab the teacher's eye, the key parts in
in-class role-playing and the attention of swarthy locals in after-class
outings . . . while you struggle to m a s t e r directions to the station.
You will get depressed, learn nothing, fall out and so lose a friend or, in
extreme cases, a wife. If you cannot go alone - which is ideal - book with
someone who is not quite as good as you, so that the ability gap, while
favouring you, threatens nothing.
5. The author thinks it is a bad idea for complete beginners to go on a language holiday,
because
• Write only ONE of the following tasks. Write 250 - 300 words.
A.
A movie magazine has said that it needs new movie reviewers.
Write a review.
B.
Write a report.
c.
A university magazine from another country is running a series of
articles on "Three best and three worst". They have asked you what
the three best and the three worst things are about your town. They
are particularly interested to get information about things off the
normal tourist track - the things that only locals notice. They hope
to get an amusing article that will entertain and inform their readers
- it might also encourage visitors to come to your town (so don't
make it too negative!).
Write an article.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Candidate N u m b e r :
E A
Centre Code Candidate Code
T a s k T w o : C h o i c e o f Tasks
Test 2 - Listening
You will hear John, who is looking for a new job, looking through advertisements and
talking about them with his two friends, Emma and Sarah.
• The talk will pause at 3 points when you will be asked a question.
• Take notes while you listen.
• You will have 2 minutes to write each answer.
• Each question is worth three marks.
You are going to hear part of a radio programme discussion about threats to the survival of
pandas in China. The participants are the programme's host; Dr Chi, an expert from Haidan
Panda Reservation and Jane Greenaway from the Environmental Action Centre in the United
States.
• On the test paper you have 10 multiple-choice questions about the programme.
• Choose the best response (A, B, C or D) for questions 10-19.
• Tick A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.
• You will hear the recording twice.
• You have two minutes to read the questions before the recording starts.
11. Dr Chi believes that the number of pandas in the reserve ...
A. dropped until 1974 and has risen since.
B. dropped slightly between 1974 and 1986 but dramatically since.
C. has risen steadily since 1974.
D. has been dropping since 1974.
12. Jane Greenaway thinks the numbers of pandas in the forest reserve are
falling, because ...
A. the trees outside the reserve are being chopped down.
B. the trees inside the reserve are being chopped down.
C. the trees are deteriorating.
D. the locals have stopped cutting down trees.
13. How many people does Dr Chi believe visited the reserve last year?
A. 3,000.
B. 5,000.
C. 30,000.
D. 150,000.
14. Dr Chi thinks the root cause of decline in panda numbers in the Haidan
reserve is ...
A. trees are being chopped down.
B. tourists need support services and industries.
C. Jane Greenaway.
D. the locals have stopped cutting down trees.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
16. According to Dr Chi, how does cutting gaps in the forest reduce panda
numbers?
A. It causes infertility.
B. It divides groups of pandas.
C. It forces pandas to find n e w partners.
D. It forces pandas to breed in certain areas.
18. Considering the programme as a whole, what does Dr Chi think about
Jane Greenaway?
A. She thinks Jane Greenaway is a naive ecological campaigner.
B. She agrees w i t h Jane Greenaway's argument but finds her behaviour
inappropriate.
C. She distrusts Jane Greenaway's evidence.
D. She thinks that Jane Greenaway is t r y i n g to escape personal responsibility.
19. Considering the programme as a whole, what does Jane Greenaway think
about Dr Chi?
A. She thinks Dr Chi is avoiding agreeing t h a t locals are mainly responsible.
B. She thinks Dr Chi wants t h e pandas to be kept primarily as a t o u r i s t
attraction.
C. She thinks Dr Chi is rude but mostly right.
D. She thinks Dr Chi wants to i n t r o d u c e c o n t r o l s t o o fast.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Candidate Number:
E A
Centre Code Candidate Code
T a s k O n e : S h o r t C o n v e r s a t i o n s - Questions 1-6
6
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
T a s k T w o : M a k i n g N o t e s - Questions 7-9
10 15
11 16
12 17
13 18
14 19
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Test 3
Grammar & Vocabulary
T a s k O n e : D i c t a t i o n - Kiwis
• You may make notes on this sheet of paper but please make sure you write your
answers on the Answer Sheet provided.
You will hear the following names: Tane Mahuta, Maori, New Zealand
Your notes
D O N ' T FORGET to copy your answers onto the separate answer sheet!
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Complete the following article by choosing the correct words from the four possible
alternatives.
Advertising to Kids
From an advertiser's viewpoint, children are a splendid
E x a m p l e . They watch lots of television; they spend lots of
pocket money. No wonder many people worry about the
influence of marketing on minors. Increasingly, campaigners
are demanding that countries 1 restrictions on advertising
aimed at children.
But advertisers insist that a widespread move to ban children's ads would 8 . Their
main argument is that bans would 9 to worse children's programming on
television, fewer educational resources in schools and higher prices for toys. There
may be something in this. One big American toy manufacturer in Greece says that,
as a 10 result of the ban, the company offered wholesalers a more limited
selection of new toys this Christmas than it did in other European markets.
In fact, advertisers are not as influential as they seem. A recent study of 5,000
parents in 20 European countries found that the majority did not 14 advertising
among the top five influences on their children: parents, schools and other families,
among others, were seen as far more important. "A pestering child is a badly
brought-up child," says one of the researchers. This highlights the most important
case against 15 children from marketing—that parents and teachers have a
responsibility to teach children about the realities of a commercial world, just as
they teach them how to cross a road safely.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Questions f o r T a s k T w o :
T h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r is C.
Dracula
It is unclear why Bram Stoker chose Vlad
Dracula, a fifteenth century Romanian prince, as
the model Example his fictional vampire.
Given the history of the vampire in Europe, 25 is perhaps natural that Stoker
should place his great vampire in the heart of the region that gave birth to the
myth .
26 Stoker had selected Transylvania for his story, Vlad Dracula stood out 27
one of the most notorious rulers of the region. He was obscure enough that few
would recognise the name and for those who 28 know him for his acts of
brutality; Dracula was a natural candidate for vampirism. 29 Stoker chose to
relocate his vampire from Wallachia to the north of Transylvania remains a
mystery.
However, outside of Stoker's novel the name of Dracula was 30 linked with the
myth of the vampire. Despite his inhuman cruelty, Dracula is remembered in
Romania as a national hero who resisted the Turkish conquerors and asserted
Romanian national sovereignty against the powerful Hungarian kingdom.
Example: T h e c o r r e c t w o r d is 'for'
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
E A
Centre Code Candidate Code
Task O n e : Dictation
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
10
II
12
13
14
15
Example For 23
Test 4 - Mediation
Part A
Candidate Number:
• Help your friend who doesn't speak English. Mediate between the two people.
• If the person speaks in English, translate into Hungarian. If the person speaks in Hungarian,
translate into English. The first two have been done for you.
• Do not translate every word. Translate only the basic meaning.
• Please remember the quality of your language is also important.
• Each person will talk four times. You will hear each line twice. There will be a fifteen
second pause between each line for you to write down the translation.
• At the end of the conversation you will have two minutes to check what you have written.
• Remember, you will not have time to translate every word.
W r i t e in
1 English
W r i t e in
2 Hungarian
W r i t e in
3 English
W r i t e in
4 Hungarian
W r i t e in
5 English
W r i t e in
6 Hungarian
Stop w r i t i n g w h e n y o u a r e t o l d t o d o so.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Test 4 - Mediation
Part B
Candidate Number:
Time: 30 minutes
• Answer all the questions
• Write all your answers on the separate answer sheet
• You must not speak to the other candidates
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
T a s k O n e : English i n t o H u n g a r i a n - A T e x t
Be a Tooth Fairy
It's a knee-jerk reaction. As soon as children squirm in their pushchairs,
we thrust something sweet into their sticky little hands. We exchange
sugar in return for short-term peace.
But the toddler initially silenced by sweets becomes a monster once the
sugar fix has worn off. Sugar can wreck a child's health. Excess sugar is
converted to fat and leads to obesity.
T a s k T w o : H u n g a r i a n i n t o English - A L e t t e r
• Your friend has asked you to translate their letter into English.
Tisztelt Uram!
Tisztelettel:
Szíjjártó Kálmán
Test 5 - Speaking
O u t l i n e o f Speaking E x a m
Before the exam you have ten minutes preparation time in the preparation room. Here you
receive your Test Entry Form and a Presentation topic sheet. You are allowed to use your
dictionary to prepare your presentation.
There will be two examiners in the exam room - the Interlocutor who is running the exam
and the Assessor who is listening and evaluating - and two candidates at a time:
Task Timing
Together with the welcome, setting up of tasks and closure the speaking task will be no
longer than 17 minutes.
The Interlocutor will speak from a script you can see on the following pages. You can
also follow a sample speaking test on the accompanying CD.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
INTERLOCUTOR'S SCRIPT
Welcome
-Good morning / afternoon / evening.
-My name is < name > and this is my colleague < name >.
-Please also give me the tasks and your notes. I'll return these to you later.
Task I: I n t e r v i e w
-So you are < Candidate A name > and you are < Candidate 8 name >
If yes » >
If no » >
-Please ask questions to find out more about the other person.
-Please discuss w i t h each other what have been the most enjoyable and
Task 2: P r e s e n t a t i o n
-In this part of the test, you are both going to give the presentation you
prepared earlier.
»> The Interlocutor gives Candidate A the topic list with the notes that
he/she prepared before the exam «<
-Good. < Candidate 8 name> I ' d like you to listen, and take notes. You may ask
questions and make comments after the presentation.
-<Candidate A nome>, you may use your notes but please do not read aloud from
them. You may start when you are ready and I will stop you after about t w o
minutes. All right?
-You have 30 seconds to look through the information and your notes.
»> 2 minutes - The candidate gives his/her presentation using the notes <«
»> During the discussion as far as possible, the Interlocutor allows the
candidates to discuss together. If necessary he/she uses appropriate
phrases to move the discussion forward <«
»> The Interlocutor gives Candidate B the topic list with notes that
he/she prepared before the exam <«
-Thank you. N o w < Candidate 8 name > it's your t u r n . W h i c h statement have you
decided to talk about?
-Good. < Candidate A name> I'd like you to listen, and take notes. You may ask
questions and make comments after the presentation.
-<Candidate 8 name>, you may use your notes but please do not read aloud from
them. You may start when you are ready and I will stop you after about t w o
minutes. All right?
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
-You have 30 seconds to look through the information and your notes.
»> 2 minutes - The candidate gives his/her presentation using the notes <«
-< Thank-you <Candidate 8 name>. <Candidate A name>> you may make any
comment or ask any questions now.
-Thank-you.
-For the final part of the test you are going to talk w i t h each other about a
task I will show you.
Task 3 - A
First, look at each picture one by one and talk about what aspects of urban life it illustrates
and how representative you think it is.
Finally, try to decide which images would be the most appropriate and why.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Task 3 - B
First, look at each picture one by one and talk about which key moments it illustrates and
how representative you think it is.
Finally, try to decide which images would be the most appropriate and why.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
P r e s e n t a t i o n topics f o r C a n d i d a t e A :
(10 minutes to prepare a 2 minute talk)
Choose O N E of the following statements and prepare a 2 minute presentation on the topic.
• You can agree or disagree with the statement - but keep to the topic
• You may use a dictionary
• You must not speak to the other candidates
• You may make notes but do not read aloud from these notes in the test
• Take this sheet of paper and your notes into the examination
• In the test, give your notes to the examiner when asked
You now have 10 minutes to prepare your presentation, organise your thoughts
and make notes on a separate sheet.
Somebody will take you to the test room when it is your turn.
P r e s e n t a t i o n topics f o r C a n d i d a t e B
(10 minutes to prepare a 2 minute talk)
Choose ONE of the following statements and prepare a 2 minute presentation on the topic.
• You can agree or disagree with the statement - but keep to the topic
• You may use a dictionary
• You must not speak to the other candidates
• You may make notes but do not read aloud from these notes in the test
• Take this sheet of paper and your notes into the examination
• In the test, give your notes to the examiner when asked
You now have 10 minutes to prepare your presentation, organise your thoughts
and make notes on a separate sheet.
Somebody will take you to the test room when it is your turn.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
ANSWER KEYS
Test 4: Mediation
• The Answer Key
• The Tapescript for Part A
• Marking schemes for Part B
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Test 1 - Reading & Writing Part A - ANSWER KEY + MARKING SCHEME 1 Page 46
T E S T I: R E A D I N G & W R I T I N G P A R T A - A N S W E R KEY
1 2 3 4 5 6
H A D I G E
T a s k T w o : O n e long t e x t - Public A r t
You will get one point for each piece of information involved in your writing
Question 1 Question 2
What did Roger do in his life apart What musical s u c c e s s e s did Roger
from singing, touring and song have in non-English speaking
writing? countries?
Mark Scheme
You will get an overall mark for your written performance
A very successful attempt. All the information is relevant and clearly included in answer
to the questions.
5 A wide range of grammar vocabulary and cohesive devices used to produce natural language. They may
be some slips but they do not interfere with meaning.
4
Most of the information is relevant and part of a generally successful and coherent
3 response to the questions
An adequate range of vocabulary, grammar and cohesive devices is used to complete the task. They
may be some errors but they do not generally impede meaning.
2
An unsuccessful attempt. Some relevant information may be included but the response
does not address the questions.
1 Range of grammar, vocabulary and cohesive devices inadequate to clearly complete the task. There are
a number of errors that sometimes impede meaning.
Test 1 - Reading & Writing Part A - ANSWER KEY + MARKING SCHEME 1 Page 47
1 2 3 4 5 6
c C D C C B
Use t h e m a r k i n g s c h e m e s b e l o w t o a w a r d a m a r k o u t o f 2 5
3
2 Task entirely unachieved
Intention: Very unclear.
Instructions: Most / all not followed
Effect: Very negative.
Outcome: Will not achieve a successful outcome.
Content: Omission, irrelevance.
1
0 Task unattempted / partially attempted
Not enough language to make an assessment.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
T E S T 2: L I S T E N I N G - A N S W E R K E Y
1 2 3 4 5 6
A C G D E B
L J O I K J
7
5 - minimum height if volume is more than 3, 000, 000 cubic metres (1)
10 11 12 13 14
C D B D B
15 16 17 18 19
A B D A A
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
TAPESCIPTS
T e x t s for T a s k O n e : S h o r t conversations
I.
Emmat: You're not going to find your dream job in any of these you know.
John: Not so sure - I mean, look at this - a whole side of classifieds.
Emma: I don't recognise it. That's not the local paper, is it?
John: No - it's a new free rag they're posting through all the letterboxes. It's not
bad - though it's mainly ads for furniture shops and loans and things like that.
Driving lessons and so on.
Emma: And you really think you'll find something there?
John: Well - maybe not - but I might as well look, don't you think?
2.
Emma: What about this - it seems a bit more specialised. No vicarage tea parties -
gets straight to the point
John: Yeah - that's what I thought when I bought it - but - look more closely -
almost all the ads are for sales positions - you know just working on a
commission basis. I know what that means - I walk from door to door all day
and if I'm lucky I get one percent of the one sale I make. Look they all say
"first step on a new career" - Thank you - but that's not a first step I'm gonna
take.
3.
Emma: Maybe you're going about it the wrong way. Shouldn't you just decide what
you want to do first of all - then target the places you want to work.
You know - you want to work for an estate agent - then you flick through
this - C . . . D . . . E . . . here we are estate agent then you just call them up and
sell yourself.
John Oh I know I should take the initiative a bit more - but I'm just so hopeless at
selling myself. I'd never persuade anyone that I was worth inviting in. It's a
good idea Emma - for someone like you - but there's no danger of it working
with me.
Emma: Well, I heard somewhere about this guy who got one through the web
actually. Just typed in "job" and "high salary" or something like that and it
spat out seven or eight opportunities. He's on about 30K now. Goes to the
Bahamas for his hols.
John: Now that's a really good idea. Why didn't I think of it? That sounds like just
what the doctor ordered.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
5.
Emma: You know how I got the work I'm doing now? The place just down the High
Street - you know they give you an interview and talk you through what's
available. There's hundreds of things going - but you wouldn't want to touch
most of them. I don't know if I was lucky or what - but I really like what I'm
doing - and it's well paid.
John: Well yes - I could go there - but ah - I just don't know what to do - there
just seem to be so many options and I can't seem to work out what's best to
concentrate my energies on.
6.
John: Oh - I've been through every ad in the Observer - nothing. I feel so down -
there's just nothing for me. I was sure that this week there'd be one.
T e x t for T a s k T w o : M a k i n g notes
Dams have been built for thousands of years - dams to manage flood waters, to harness
water as hydropower, to supply water to drink or for industry, or to irrigate fields. By
1950, governments, or in some countries the private sector, were building increasing
numbers of dams as populations increased and national economies grew. At least
45 000 large dams have been built as a response to meet an energy or water need. Today
nearly half of the world's rivers have at least one large dam.
Using this definition, there are more than 45 000 large dams around the world.
Question 7:
The speaker mentioned the following numbers: 5, 15 and 3 million. What do these numbers
refer to?
The next question will be about the drawbacks of large dams. Listen and take notes.
As we start the new century, one-third of the countries in the world rely on hydropower for
more than half their electricity supply, and large dams generate 19% of electricity overall. Half
the world's large dams were built exclusively or primarily for irrigation, and some 30-40% of
the 271 million hectares irrigated worldwide rely on dams. Other goals include creating income
from export earnings, either through direct sales of electricity or by selling cash crops or
processed products from electricity-intensive industry such as aluminium refining. Clearly,
dams can play an important role in meeting people's needs.
But the last 50 years have also highlighted the performance and the social and environmental
impact of large dams. They have fragmented and transformed the world's rivers, while global
estimates suggest that 40-80 million people have been displaced by reservoirs.
As the basis for decision-making has become more open, inclusive and transparent, in many
countries the decision to build a large dam has been increasingly contested, to the point where
the future of large dam-building in many countries is in question. The enormous investments
and widespread impact of large dams have seen conflicts flare up over the siting and impact of
large dams - both those in place and those on the drawing board, making large dams one of the
most hotly contested issues in sustainable development today.
Proponents point to the social and economic development demands that dams are intended to
meet, such as irrigation, electricity, flood control and water supply. Opponents point to the
adverse impact of dams, such as debt burden, cost overruns, displacement and impoverishment
of people, destruction of important ecosystems and fishery resources, and the inequitable
sharing of costs and benefits.
Question 8:
The next question will be about the conclusions of the World Commission on dams.
Listen and take notes.
With these conflicts and pressures in mind, the World Commission on Dams began its work in
May 1998. After more than two years of intense study, dialogue with those for and against large
dams, and reflection, the Commission believes there can no longer be any justifiable doubt about
five key points:
1. Dams have made an important and significant contribution to human development, and the
benefits derived from them have been considerable.
2. In too many cases an unacceptable and often unnecessary price has been paid to secure those
benefits, especially in social and environmental terms, by people displaced, by communities
downstream, by taxpayers and by the natural environment.
3. Lack of equity in the distribution of benefits has called into question the value of many dams
in meeting water and energy development needs when compared with the alternatives
4. By bringing to the table all those whose rights are involved and who bear the risks associated
with different options for water and energy resources development, the conditions for a
positive resolution of competing interests and conflicts are created.
5. Negotiating outcomes will greatly improve the development effectiveness of water and energy
projects by eliminating unfavourable projects at an early stage, and by offering as a choice
only those options that key stakeholders agree represent the best ones to meet the needs in
question.
Question 9: Summarise the recommendations of the Commission about how future dam
construction should proceed.
T e x t for T a s k T h r e e : Radio p r o g r a m m e
Fade in ...
Host: So Dr. Chi you're basically saying that there are fewer than 1000 pandas left in
China?
Dr Chi: Well, yes, sadly that seems to be the case.
Host: And in Haidan, where you work, is it also the case that numbers are dropping?
Dr Chi: There was a survey in the area in 1974 and it showed that numbers there had
fallen to an alarmingly low 145 - and it was as a result of the survey that the
forest reserve was set up in the first place.
Host: But it doesn't seem to have helped much - how big is it?
Dr Chi: Well it's 500,000 acres and...
Host: And the numbers kept on dropping?
Dr Chi: The survey of 1986 showed only about half the earlier number - and we suspect
that numbers have dropped even below that level since then.
Host: Let me turn to Jane Greenaway from the Environmental Action Centre in the
United States. Jane - this is clearly a serious problem.
JG: It's simply tragic.
Host: Do you think we might be staring at the prospect of a world without pandas?
JG: That's a very realistic proposition.
Host: So why do you think the numbers are falling?
JG: It's very simple - the forest reserve was created - but in fact trees, the natural
habitat for the creatures, are disappearing at a faster rate than the reserve is
being created. The Haidan forest has dramatically deteriorated since 1975. In
fact the tree loss is greater inside the reserve than it is for the forests
immediately outside the reserve. The local people indiscriminately chop down
the trees. This has to be stopped at once.
Dr. Chi: Sorry but I must interrupt here. That's such a simplistic diagnosis. What Miss
Greenaway is presenting is only a small part of the overall picture. In fact
although it's the locals that chop down the trees, they're not the root of the
problem.
Host: So what is?
Dr. Chi: Quite simply, and bluntly, it's people like Jane Greenaway.
JG: That's outrageous.
Dr. Chi: Well-meaning of course, but in their keenness to observe the animals in the wild
they are actually contributing to their downfall. People like Miss Greenaway
come in their thousands to stare at the creatures. The official figures say that
there were over 30,000 tourists in the park last year. Personally I think the figure
is more like five times that. The reserve actively encourages more people to
come. And more people means more harm to the local environment in so many
ways.
Host: Jane?
JG: I don't disagree that tourists contribute to the problem - but the key issue is
that locals cut down trees. The tourists don't do that.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Dr. Chi: That's a fairly typical simplified view from a western green organisation, the real
picture is much more complex. It's not just the visitors themselves, but the
industries and services they require. Let me take just one example: smoked
pork. Now smoked pork is a regional speciality. But in the past no-one sold it
around this area. Tourists come. More stalls want to sell more pork. So more
is produced. Smoking requires fuel for fires. Electricity is expensive. Wood is
free - so the trees get cut down. I don't know if you know this, but pandas give
birth only once every two years and prefer to raise their cubs inside hollow
trees. Logging denies them these sites. Another problem is that cutting gaps in
the forest cuts off one segment of the population from another - thus
encouraging in-breeding and lowering the birth rate.
Host: Do the local population also add to the difficulties at all?
JG: Of course they do. I don't know why Dr Chi is so keen to whitewash the locals
of any responsibility and blame it all on tourists. The local population increased
by over 70 % in twenty years. They compete for resources with the pandas. It's
a bit ironic isn't it that they cut down a tree to make a souvenir panda and in
doing so help kill off the creature they are celebrating.
Host: Is there any way forward? Dr Chi?
Dr Chi: We have to find a way to provide local people with a way to benefit from
tourism that doesn't destroy the local habitat. Local people need to find a way
to earn a living. You can't do conservation in a vacuum.
Host: Jane?
JG: I think the government has to immediately and firmly institute laws to stop
people chopping down trees in a wide area in and around the reserve.
Dr Chi: You can't just force laws like that on people. It's just not as easy as you eco-
warriors like to think. There are people living here who depend on trees. We
have to find compromises that take people and their needs into account.
JG: With less than 1000 pandas left who's going to carry the cost of that
compromise?
Host: Thank you, thank you I think we'll have to leave it there. We've been listening to
Fade
Candidate N u m b e r :
E A
Centre Code Candidate Code
1. The flightless kiwi, 2. with its hairlike feathers and long, curved beak,
10
11
12
17. New Zealanders have claimed its name for their fruit
13
14
19. While the question of why the word kiwi 20. has saturated New Zealand's culture
15
16
23. the bird has always held special significance 24. for the indigenous Maori people.
17
25. Maori see the kiwi 26. as the eldest child of Tane Mahuta,
18
19
28. A kiwi-feather cloak is frequently worn 29. by Maori of high rank on ceremonial occasions
20
Example 8
1 9
2 10
3 II
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
Example For 23
16 24
17 25
even it
18 26
only / very / just / quite once / when
19 27
had as
20 28
21 29
as why
22 30
• Give one mark for each distinct piece of information that is present. (Divided by a dash - in
the answer key)
• If the meaning is clear, the mark is awarded. The use of both third person and first person is
acceptable.
• The meaning may be conveyed using different words from those used in the answer key.
• Errors of grammar and spelling are not penalised if the meaning is still clear.
W r i t e in
3 6. doesn't solve our problem - 7. reduction in price 2
English
8. már kapcsolatba léptem a londoni központunkkal
W r i t e in
4 9. tengerre néző szobákat már kivették - 10. ebben 3
Hungarian nem sokat segíthetünk
Total 14
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
TAPESCRIPT
Dialogue Possible translation
Ex Lenne kedves egy percet szánni rám? Could you possibly spare me a moment?
Órák óta hiába próbálok beszélni
1 magával. I've been trying to talk to you for hours.
Nem csodálom, hogy kellemetlenül érzi No wonder you don't feel very
magát. Legtöbbünk szobája - ellentétben comfortable. Most of us have rooms,
1 prospektusban olvasottakkal - egy sötét which, in spite of what the brochure says,
hátsó udvarra néz. look out on a dark back yard.
T a s k O n e : English i n t o H u n g a r i a n - A T e x t
INSTRUCTIONS TO EXAMINERS
Content
• Candidates receive one mark for each one of the following pieces of meaning that is clearly
expressed.
• The information can be present in any order.
• Do not mark for linguistic accuracy. Mark only for presence of information.
• The words here in this table are only a guide to target meanings - NB these exact words
are not required.
Information Mark
1 ösztönös /reflex-szerű reakció 1
2 ahogy elkezdenek fészkelődni 1
3 vagy b á r m i é r t nyűgösködni kezdenek
4 valami édeset n y o m u n k 1
ragadós kezecskéjükbe
Total 14
SAMPLE ANSWER
Légy "fogtündér"
Legtöbbször nem is a gyerekek, inkább a szülők jelentik a problémát, mert úgy gondolják,
hogy az ételek természetes jó íze nem is élvezhető hozzáadott cukor, édesítés nélkül . Ez
ostobaság.
Language m a r k i n g c r i t e r i a o f m e d i a t i n g f r o m English t o H u n g a r i a n
Mark Criteria
Overall Meaning
Very occasional confusion of meaning but the overall meaning has been mediated
largely successfully. The writer's original intention / point of view has been conveyed
very well in the mediated text. The text captures the style of the original well.
5 Source Language Interference
Very occasional examples of source language interference that do not interfere with
meaning of the text. There is little or no evidence that this is a translation of an English
text. The candidate has managed to formulate normal Hungarian sentences that
mediate successfully. A positive effect on the reader
Overall Meaning
Although there may be some confusion of meaning, the overall meaning has been
mediated largely successfully. The writers original intention / point of view has been
broadly conveyed in the mediated text
3 Source Language Interference
Although there may be some examples of source language interference, they do not
interfere with meaning of the text. The text does not read as if it were a 'translation' of
an English text; the candidate has managed to formulate normal Hungarian sentences
that mediate successfully. A satisfactory effect on the reader
Overall Meaning
Confusion of meaning has led to the overall meaning of the text not being the same as
the original. The writers original intention / point of view has not been conveyed
satisfactorily.
1 Source Language Interference
Frequent examples of source language interference, that occasionally interfere with
meaning of the text. The text reads as if it were a 'translation' of an English text. The
presence of 'English' sentences using Hungarian words has a negative effect on the
reader.
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Information Mark
I am writing to complain
about one of your services 1
in your advertisement
You run a children's camp
with trained language teachers
in pleasant surroundings 1
after we arrived it became clear 1
the wooden houses intended for accommodation 1
were on a sunburnt field 1
fifteen minutes' walk away from 1
the five showers intended to serve a hundred children 1
the 'trained teachers' were
university students who had never taught a language lesson
showed very poor child management skills 1
as a consequence 1
the system of registering was rather chaotic 1
my child is vegetarian
we discovered at lunch
the kitchen was not prepared for this
or any other dietary needs 1
Given the circumstances outlined above 1
I brought her home immediately
As you are clearly in breach of contract 1
I would like a full refund 1
Total 14
SAMPLE ANSWER
Dear Sir,
I read in your advertisement, that you run a children's camp with trained language teachers in
pleasant surroundings.
After we arrived, it became clear that the wooden houses intended for accommodation were
on a sunburnt field, fifteen minutes' walk away from the five showers intended to serve a
hundred children. The 'trained teachers' were university students who had never taught a
language lesson in their lives, and showed very poor child management skills. As a
consequence the registration was rather chaotic. In addition my child is vegetarian, but we
discovered at lunch, that the kitchen was not prepared for this or any other dietary needs.
Given the circumstances outlined above I brought her home immediately. As your
organization is clearly in breach of contract, I would like a full refund.
Yours faithfully,
Szíjártó Kálmán
Forrás: http://www.doksi.hu
Language m a r k i n g c r i t e r i a o f m e d i a t i n g f r o m H u n g a r i a n t o English
Mark Criteria
Range
• ideas linked across sentences and paragraphs in a way that the text reads as a
seamless whole.
• uses polite forms where necessary and can differentiate well between different
levels of formality (e.g. very polite for a difficult request). Can convey a number of
attitudes in one (e.g. polite but firm)
5 Accuracy
Range
• adequate to complete the task
• ideas linked across sentences and paragraphs (cohesive devices/adverbials to
express reasons, opinions, feelings etc.) in a way that the text reads as a whole.
• uses polite forms where necessary and can differentiate reasonably between
different levels of formality (e.g. very polite for a difficult request)
3 Accuracy
Range
• inadequate to complete the task
• ideas sometimes linked across sentences and paragraphs although not with the
most appropriate choice of language.
• some polite forms used
1 Accuracy
• errors sometimes obscure meaning occasionally significantly.
• errors have a negative affect on the target reader