Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Migration is a fundamental feature of our lives. Indeed, every aspect of our civilization and our
self-conception is shaped by the exodus of all humans from our origin as a species in Southern
Africa 200,000 years ago. In our own era, the aging of western populations, the rise of new
economic powers, and dramatic improvements in human capital have given rise to an era of labor
migration unparalleled in magnitude and diversity, though not entirely unique. New technologies
have risen to facilitate further migration, enable the transmission of resources and knowledge
across borders, and create new transnational patterns of residence and livelihood that challenge
our notions of nation, identity, and even the very meaning of the term migrant. To put it simply,
migration is the human face of our modern era of globalization, entailing incredible costs, risks and
returns for migrants along with important impacts for host societies, sending societies, and the
global system. Migration comes in many varieties in terms of destination, permanence, and level of
coercion, yet common theoretical, empirical, and policy unite these different forms of mobility.
This course offers an holistic view of the migration process from multiple perspectives, at multiple
levels of analysis, and on multiple aspects of our world today.
As with globalization more generally, it is difficult to specify the exact meaning and impact of
migration in comparison to that of a targeted program or policy. This course will map out and
model these pathways as they relate to specific outcomes of interest such as development,
environment, security, and identity. Migration also carries a raft of intended and unintended
consequences, both for good and for ill, that constitute a continuing theme of the course.
Furthermore, we often find that the cultural resonance or other perceptions of migration can be as
important in shaping the world as the actual activities of migrants themselves. Each of these issues
will be explored in weekly lectures and readings. Learning objectives for the course include
2) Familiarity with major migration systems and what makes them a "system"
3) Understanding key theories of migration process at the global, state, community, household,
and individual levels and their relevance to migration policy, control, and promotion
4) Ability to synthesize actual and potential impacts of migration on migrant, receiving, and
sending populations via economic, social and cultural pathways
5) Appreciating and applying the critical role of migrant selectivity in driving impacts
Grading
Problem set (10%): Because migration is above all a demographic event, we must build upon a
basic understanding of quantitative measures of migration. The problem sets will not require prior
understanding of demographic methods. Problem set will be due October 11 along with your
migration systems presentation.
Migration Systems Presentation (20%): October 11, student teams will lead presentations on
specific migration systems. These will provide an opportunity to explore the determinants and
some impact of migration, to leverage migration statistics, and to explore the meaning of a
migration system through your own presentation and through comparison across presentations.
Your presentation should last no more than 15 minutes with time for questions afterwards. You
should include an organized, well-prepared presentation including visual aids (audio is welcome
as well, within time constraints).
At minimum, your presentation should describe (1) major sending and receiving countries; (2)
history of the system including its economic, political , and cultural genesis; (3) current migrant
rate and remittance data; (4) prevailing conditions of migration costs, physical movement,
legalization, tenure, and naturalization; (5) evidence on the role of the state in emergence,
perpetuation, or control; and (6) forces of selectivity including regional, political, cultural,
socioeconomic, or biophysical factors. Please limit your discussion of migration impacts, outcomes,
or perceptions, which you will cover in your final paper.
Migration Systems Paper (30%): As a follow-up to your migration systems presentation, you will
be asked to write a brief paper exploring one or more impacts of the migration system in the
sending and/or receiving countries. These papers should build explicitly on your understanding of
the migration system itself, including forces of selectivity and the conditions of migration, but
move forward to explore some of the specific impacts raised in the later weeks of the course. It
should draw on specific theories and pathways of migration impact. The paper should incorporate
data and synthesis of original research from the syllabus, from your own literature searches, and
from consultation with your professor. Your paper should be about 6-8 pages unless you receive
prior consent to do something longer.
By moving from general data analysis and systems overview in weeks 1-5 to a study of impact at
the end of the course, I hope that the preceding assignments will offer a chronicle of your learning
experience and a platform for exploration in future courses or work.
Take home Final Exam (40%): Because the class is mostly conceptual in nature, it is essential that
you be tested on your core understanding of migration theory, methods, and empirical literature.
You will receive a take-home final examination at the end of the final class, November 15. You
will answer two essay questions (out of a total of four options). Your answers will need to be
thoughtful, concise, and informed by the course readings and lectures. The exam must be returned
by Friday November 19, 5pm. The exam should take about 10 hours of your time.
2
Course Materials
We will use a mix of textbooks and readings available electronically. The books have their merits
and weaknesses, but they are highly complementary to one another and will be helpful additions
to your bookcases. In the schedule I refer to texts by the name of the first author, shown in bold.
Castles, Stephen and Mark J. Miller. 2009. The Age of Migration: International Population Movements
in the Modern World. Fourth Edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Massey, Douglas S., Joaquin Arango, Graeme Hugo, Ali Kouaouci, Adela Pellegrino and J. Edward
Taylor Massey, D.S. et al. 1998. Worlds in Motion: Understanding International Migration at the End of
the Millenium. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fix, Michael, Demetrios G. Papademetriou, Jeanne Batalova, Aaron Terrazas, Serena Yi-Ying Lin,
and Michelle Mittelstadt. 2009. Migration and the Global Recession. Washington, DC: Migration
Policy Institute, Report Commissioned by the BBC World Service.
If you seek a poetic and thought-provoking break from the realities of academic life, I strongly
urge you to read the following novel:
Salih, Tayeb. 1969. Season of Migration to the North. New York: NYR Books.
Electronic readings are available through direct WWW links from the on-line syllabus (you must
be on the Virtual Private Network), through a standard literature search, or directly from me. If
you bring your thumb drive to the first class I will give you a soft copy of every reading.
How do we define a migrant or a migration? What key concepts are required to define a migrant
or to classify different forms and modes of migration? What is the shape of migration over human
history, including modern times? How and why is migration important today? How does
migration affect different impacted groups at different levels of analysis? What does it mean to be
a migrant in terms of economic, social, and political well-being?
Hessler, Peter. Go West: Scenes from an American Homecoming. New Yorker, April, 19, 2010.
3
September 21: Migration Theory, Globalization, and Development
Why do people migrate? What role does globalization play? How does migration differ from other
forms of globalization? What factors drive global demand for migrant labor? What drives the
supply of migrants at the national, community, household, individual levels? What perpetuates
flows of migration within a system? How might migrant selectivity affect migration impacts?
Castles, Stephen. 2003. The International Politics of Forced Migration. Development 46(3): 11-20.
Batalova, Jeanne, Michelle Mittelstadt, Mark Mather, and Marlene Lee. 2008. Immigration: Data
Matters. Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute and Population Reference Bureau.
Haupt, Arthur and Thomas T. Kane. 2004. Population Handbook, 5th edition. Washington, DC:
Population Reference Bureau, 35-38, 41-42.
Hand out Problem set, due October 11 with your migration systems presentation. Presentations
can use relevant chapters in Castles, Massey, and Fix; resources shown in Batalova et al., stats
from MPI data hub (http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/), and your own searches.
Castles, Chapter 8: The State and International Migration: The Quest for Control
Fix, Chapter 4
Massey, Douglas S. 1999. International Migration at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century: The
Role of the State. Population and Development Review 25(2): 303-322.
Neumayer, Eric. 2006. Unequal Access to Foreign Spaces: How States Use Visa Restrictions to
Regulate Mobility in a Globalised World. Transactions of British Institute of Geographers 31(1): 72-84.
4
October 12: The Migration Industry and how people migrate
How do social networks, transnational communities, and migration-centered businesses promote
the flow of migration and ensure the safety of migrants? What risks do they present? How can
states either control or harness the activities of such systems?
The first half of class will be devoted to your migration systems presentations
Portes, Alejandro and Julia Sensenbrenner. 1993. Embeddedness and Immigration: Notes on the
Social Determinants of Economic Action. The American Journal of Sociology 98(6): 1320-1350.
Sadiq, Kamal. 2009. Paper Citizens: How Illegal Immigrants Acquire Citizenship in Developing Countries.
New York: Oxford University Press, Chapter 1.
Randall Kuhn. 2003. Identities in Motion: Social Exchange Networks and Rural-Urban Migration in
Bangladesh. Contributions to Indian Sociology 37: 311-337.
Castles and Miller, Chapter 10: Migrants and Minorities in the Labour Force
Congressional Budget Office. 2005. The Role of Immigrants in the U.S. Labor Market. Series on
Immigration, Washington, DC.
Kuhn, Randall. The Logic of Letting Go: Family and Individual Migration from Rural Bangladesh.
Portes, Alejandro. Migration and Development: A Conceptual Review of the Evidence. working
Paper, Red International: Migracion y Desarollo.
Curran, Sara. 2002. Migration, Social Capital, and the Environment: Considering Migrant
Selectivity and Networks in Relation to Coastal Ecosystems. Population and Development Review, 28,
Supplement on Population and Environment, 89-125.
5
November 2: Migration and Social Transformation
How does migration transform the social and cultural landscape of both sending and receiving
society? How does migration break down the very distinction between here and there? How do
these processes play out at the levels of global discourse, group identity, and individual behavior?
Castles and Miller, Chapter 11: New Ethnic Minorities and Society
Portes, Alejandro. 1996. Global villagers: The rise of transnational communities. American Prospect
25: 74-77.
Gardner, Katy. 1993. Mullahs, Migrants, Miracles: Travel and Transformation in Sylhet.
Contributions to Indian Sociology 27: 213-235.
Castles, Chapter 9: Migration and Security and Chapter 12: Migrants and Politics
Adamson, Fiona B. 2006. Crossing Borders: International Migration and National Security.
International Security 31(1): 165-199.
Salter, Mark B. 2004. Passports, Mobility, and Security: How smart can the border be? International
Studies Perspectives 5(1): 71-91.
Hartmann, Betsy. 2010. Rethinking climate refugees and climate conflict: Rhetoric, reality and the
politics of policy discourse. Journal of International Development 22(2): 233-246.
Warnes, Tony A.M. 2009. International Retirement Migration. Chapter 15 in Dudley L. Poston and
Peter Uhlenberg (eds.), International Handbook of Population, Amsterdam: Springer.
Koslowski, Rey. 2008. Global Mobility and the Quest for an International Migration Regime. In
Joseph Chamie and Luca Dall'Oglio (eds.), Migration and Development, Continuing the Dialogue: Legal
and Policy Perspectives. Geneva: International Organization for Migration.