Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
INDIAN ,AMERICAN
CHINESE AND
JAPANESE CULTURES
WHAT IS CULTURE
Culture word originates from the Latin cultura stemming from colere,
meaning "to cultivate")
It is a term that has various meanings.
However, the word "culture" is most commonly used in three basic
senses:
•The set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and practices that characterizes
an institution, organization or group
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN AMERICAN AND INDIAN CULTURE
No two cultures are the same. The American and Indian cultures have
very vast differentiation between them..While the culture of America is a
mixture of different cultures, the Indian culture is unique and has its own
values.
One of the major differences that can be seen between American and
Indian culture is in family relations.
While the Indians are very much family oriented, the Americans are
individual oriented. In Indian culture, the family values are given more
prominence than the individual values. Indians respect family values.
On the other hand, in American culture the individual values gets
prominence than the family values. Indians are more committed to
their family where as the Americans are more committed to
themselves only.
In American culture, one can see that the individuals think of self-reliance and
independent. On the other hand, Indians are more dependent on others. While
the children in the US are brought up to live an independent life, the children in
India are not brought up in that way.
In Indian culture, there is respect for the elders and it is they who make
decisions. But in American culture, each individual makes his own decisions.
Coming to work nature, the Indians work for meeting the family needs. On the
contrary, an American will only strive to rise on his own capacity or getting rich.
Another difference that can be seen is that Americans have great regard to time
and its value. On the other hand, Indians do not value time that much.
Overview to Japanese culture
The culture of Japan has evolved greatly over millennia, from the
country's prehistoric Jōmon period to its contemporary hybrid culture,
which combines influences from Asia, Europe and North America.
Japanese language
The Japanese language has always played a significant role in Japanese
culture. The language is spoken mainly in Japan but also in some
Japanese emigrant communities around the world. It is an agglutinative
language and the sound inventory of Japanese is relatively small but has
a lexically distinct pitch-accent system.
Visual arts of Japan
Painting
Pictorial Scroll of Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu
Painting has been an art in Japan for a very long time: the brush is a
traditional
writing tool, and the extension of that to its use as an artist's tool was
probably
natural.
Chinese papermaking was introduced to Japan around the 7th century
by Damjing and several monks of Goguryeo later washi was developed from
it.
IKEBANA
Ikebana ( 生花 ?) is the Japanese art of flower arrangement.
It has gained widespread international fame for its focus on harmony,
color use, rhythm, and elegantly simple design.
It is an art centered greatly on expressing the seasons, and is meant to
act as a symbol to something greater than the flower itself.
Traditionally, when third party marriages were more prominent and
practiced in Japan, many Japanese women entering into a marriage
learned to take up the art of Ikebana to be a more appealing and well-
rounded lady.
Today Ikebana is widely practiced in Japan, as well as around the
world.
TRADITIONAL CLOTHING:KIMONO
In order to maintain a sense of harmony, they will act with decorum at
all times and will not do anything to cause someone else public
embarrassment.
They are willing to subjugate their own feelings for the good of the group.
Since the Chinese strive for harmony and are group dependent, they
rely on facial expression, tone of voice and posture to tell them what
someone feels.
Meeting Etiquette
Greetings are formal and the oldest person is always greeted first.
Many Chinese will look towards the ground when greeting someone.
Address the person by an honorific title and their surname. If they want
to move to a first-name basis, they will advise you which name to use.
The Chinese have a terrific sense of humour. They can laugh at themselves
most readily if they have a comfortable relationship with the other person.
Be ready to laugh at yourself given the proper circumstances.
REFRENCES
http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview?
id=720396
http://www.edac.org/downloads/presentations/2006_
JanECC/ALL_06Japan_ECC.pdf
http://www.webershandwick.com/newsroom/though
tleadership.cfm/contentid,13831.html
http://www.stylusinc.com/business/india/cultural_tip
s.htm
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YOU