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Verification Guide
Version 8.2
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Conventions
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Throughout this manual, you will see references to Windows. Windows refers to Microsoft®
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Table of Contents
Proprietary and Restricted Rights Notice
Overview
Note: . The node numbers listed in each case refer to the node numbers in the neutral
(.neu) files associated with this guide. If you remesh a model, or rebuild that
model from scratch, your node numbering may differ.
In addition to these example problems, test cases from NAFEMS (National Agency for
Finite Element Methods and Standards, National Engineering Laboratory, Glasgow, U.K.)
have been executed. Results for these test cases can be found in the next section, Linear Stat-
ics Analysis Verification Using NAFEMS Standard Benchmarks.
Element Types
bar
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
Length=480 in
Material Properties
• E = 30 E+06 psi
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain the left end (node 1) of the beam in all six degrees.
Loads
Set nodal force to 50,000 lb. in the negative Y direction.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Difference 0% 0.30%
Reference
• Beer and Johnston, Mechanics of Materials, (New York: McGraw–Hill, Inc., 1992.) p.
716.
Axial Distributed Load on a Linear
Beam
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvl002.neu.
Determine the stress, elongation, and constraint force due to an axial loading along a linear
beam.
Element Type
bar
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
Length = 300 in
Material Properties
E = 30E+6 psi
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain one end of the beam (node 1) in all translations and rotations.
Loads
Set the axial distributed load (force per unit length) to 1000lb/in for the 10–inch long ele-
ment (element 30) furthest from the constrained end.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Difference 0 1.6% 0
Reference
• Beer and Johnston, Mechanics of Materials, (New York: McGraw–Hill, Inc., 1992.) p.
76.
Distributed Loads on a Cantilever
Beam
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvl003.neu.
Determine the deflection of a beam at the free end. Determine the stress at the midpoint of the
beam and the reaction force at the restrained end.
Element Type
bar
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
• Length = 480 in
Material Properties
E = 30 E+06 psi
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain the left end of the beam (node 1) in all translations and rotations.
Loads
Define a distributed load on the elements of 250 lb/in in the negative Y direction.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Element Type
bar
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
Length = 480 in
Material Properties
E = 30 E+06 psi
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain the left end of the beam (node 1) in all translations and rotations.
Loads
Set the Z–moment of the end node (node 5) to 2.5e+6 in–lb.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Beer and Johnston, Mechanics of Materials, (New York: McGraw–Hill Inc., 1992.) p.
716.
Thermal Strain, Displacement, and
Stress on Heated Beam
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvl007.neu.
A beam originally 1 meter long and at -50° C is heated to 25° C. Determine the displacement
and thermal strain on a cantilever beam. In case 1, fix the beam at the free end. In case 2, fix
the beam at both ends. In both cases, determine the displacement, constraint forces, and
stresses along the beam.
Element Type
bar
Units
SI - meter
Model Geometry
Length = 1 m
Material Properties
• E = 2.068E+11 PA
• Coeff. of thermal expansion = 1.2E-05 m/(m-C)
• v = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Case 1: Constrain the node on one end (node 1) of the beam in all translations and rota-
tions.
• Case 2: Constrain the nodes on both ends (nodes 1 and 11) of the beam in all translations
and rotations.
Loads
Set the temperature on all nodes to 25°C. Set the reference temperature to -50°C.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Beer and Johnston, Mechanics of Materials, (New York: McGraw–Hill, Inc., 1992.) p.
65.
Uniformly Distributed Load on Lin-
ear Beam
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvl008.neu.
A beam 40 feet long is restrained and loaded with a distributed load of –833 lb. Determine the
beam end torque stress and the deflection at the middle of the beam.
Element Type
bar
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
Length = 480 in
Material Properties
• E = 30E6 psi
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain nodes 2 and 4 in five degrees of freedom. Do not constrain rotation about Z.
Loads
Define a distributed load (force per unit length) of -833 lb. (global negative Y direction) on
the elements 1 and 4.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Timoshenko, S., Strength of Materials, Part I, Elementary Theory and Problems, (New
York: Van Norstrand Reinhold Company, 1955.) p. 98.
Membrane Loads on a Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvl009.neu.
A circle is scribed on an unstressed aluminum plate. Forces acting in the plane of the plate
cause normal stresses. Determine the change in the length of diameter AB and of diameter
CD.
Element Types
plate
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
• Length = 15 in
• Diameter = 9 in
• Thickness = 3/4 in
Material Properties
• E = 10 E+06 psi
• Poisson’s ratio = 1/3
• F(x)/l = 9,000 lb./in
• F(z)/l = 15,000 lb./in
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain nodes along adjacent sides of the plate to allow only translation along the corre-
sponding axis.
• Node 1: Fully constrain in all translations and rotation.
• Nodes 2-6: Constrain in the Y and Z translations and the X and Z rotations.
• Nodes 12, 13, 19, 25, 31: Constrain in the X and Y translations and the X and Z rotations.
Loads
Set the elemental edge load to 9,000 lb./in in the X direction and 15,000 lb/in in the Z direc-
tion.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Post Processing
• (T1 translation at node 7 - T1 translation at node 10) x2 = (.004-.0016) x2 = .0048
• (T3 translation at node 7 - T3 translation at node 24) x2 = (.012-.0048) x2 = .0144
Reference
• Beer and Johnston, Mechanics of Materials, (New York: McGraw–Hill, Inc., 1992.) p.
85.
Thin Wall Cylinder in Pure Tension
The complete model and results for this test care are in file mstvl014.neu.
Determine the stress and deflection of a thin wall cylinder with a uniform axial load.
Element Type
linear quadrilateral plate
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
• R = 0.5 in
• Thickness = 0.01 in
• y = 1.0 in
Material Properties
• E = 10000 psi
• v = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain node 1 in the X and Z translation and the Z rotation.
• Constrain nodes 2-4 in the Z translation.
• Constrain node 5 in the Y and Z translation and Z rotation.
• Constrain nodes 6, 11, 16, and 21 in the X translation and Z rotation.
• Constrain nodes 10, 15, 20, and 25 in the Y translation and Z rotation.
Loads
• Nodal forces of p/(pi)D = 3.1831 where p = 10 psi; Apply the following nodal forces:
• Nodes 21, 25: .9757 pounds
• Nodes 22, 23, 24: 1.9509 pounds
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Roark, R. and Young, W., Formulas for Stress and Strain, 6th Edition, (New York:
McGraw–Hill Book Company, 1989.) p. 518, Case 1a.
Thin Shell Beam Wall in Pure Bend-
ing
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvl015.neu.
Determine the maximum stress, maximum deflection, and strain energy of a thin shell beam
wall with a uniform bending load.
Element Type
linear quadrilateral plate
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
• Length = 30 in
• Width = 5 in
• Thickness = 0.1 in
Material Properties
• E = 30E6 psi
• v = 0.03
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain the nodes at one end (nodes 7 and 14) in all translations and rotations.
Out–of–plane Loads
Apply nodal forces (nodes 1 and 8) of p/w = 1.2 lbs/in. where p = 6.0 lb
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Shigley, J. and Mitchel L., Mechanical Engineering Design, 4th Edition, (New York:
McGraw–Hill, Inc., 1983.) pp. 134, 804.
Strain Energy of a Truss
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvl016.neu.
Determine the strain energy of a truss. The cross–sectional area of the diagonal members is
twice the cross–sectional area of the horizontal and vertical members.
Element Type
rod
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
• Length = 10 in
Material Properties
E = 30E6 psi
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain node 1 in the X, Y, and Z translations and the X and Y rotations.
• Constrain node 3 in the Y and Z translations and the X and Y rotations.
Loads
• Apply nodal force in Y direction on node 2; p = 300 lb
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Beer and Johnston, Mechanics of Materials, (New York: McGraw–Hill, Inc., 1992.) p.
588.
Linear Statics Verification Using
Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks
The purpose of these linear statics test cases is to verify the function of the FEMAP Structural
Statics Analysis software using standard benchmarks published by NAFEMS (National
Agency for Finite Element Methods and Standards, National Engineering Laboratory, Glas-
gow, U.K.).
These standard benchmark tests were created by NAFEMS to stretch the limits of the finite
elements in commercial software. All results obtained using the FEMAP Structural Statics
Analysis software compare favorably with other commercial finite element analysis software.
Results of these test cases using other commercial finite element analysis software programs
are available from NAFEMS.
A detailed discussion of the linear statics NAFEMS benchmarks can be found in the
NAFEMS publication Background to Benchmarks, cited below. The results for all of these
test cases illustrate the need for adequate mesh refinement for obtaining accurate stresses,
especially when using linear elements. The linear triangular and linear tetrahedral elements
are particularly poor performers for stress analysis and are not generally recommended.
Note: The node numbers listed in each case refer to the node numbers in the neutral
(.neu) files associated with this guide. If you remesh a model, or rebuild that
model from scratch, your node numbering may differ.
References
The following references have been used in these test cases:
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, The Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks,
(Glasgow: NAFEMS, Rev. 3, 1990.)
• Davies, G. A. O., Fenner, R. T., and Lewis, R. W., Background to Benchmarks, (Glas-
gow: NAFEMS, 1993).
Elliptic Membrane
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• le101.neu (quadrilateral plane strain)
• le102.neu (triangular plane strain)
• le103.neu (quadrilateral plate)
This test is a linear elastic analysis of an elliptic membrane (shown below) using coarse and
fine meshes of plane strain elements and plate elements. The plane strain elements use a plane
stress element formulation. It provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Standard
Benchmark Test LE1.
A
Y
X
C D
Ellipses:
x 2 x 2 y 2
Ellipse AC: --- + y = 1 Ellipse BD: ---------- + ---------- = 1
2
2 3.25 2.75
• v = 0.3
Units
SI
Fine Mesh
A
A
C D
C D
B B
Coarse Mesh
A A
C D C D
B B
Fine Mesh
A A
C D C D
B B
Coarse Mesh
A A
C D C D
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain the nodes along edge AB in the X translation.
• Constrain the nodes along edge CD in the Y translation.
Loads
• Uniform outward pressure on the elements on outer edge BD = 10MPa
• Inner curved edge AC is unloaded
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Output - Plate Mid Y Normal Stress at point D
NAFEMS FEMAP
Bench Structural
Node # Element Type & Mesh
Value Result
(MPa) (MPa)
Plane Strain Elements with a Plane
Strain Formulation (le101):
Node 4 linear quad - coarse mesh 92.7 62.8
Node 204 linear quad - fine mesh 92.7 80.3
Node 104 parabolic quad - coarse mesh 92.7 88.3
Node 304 parabolic quad - fine mesh 92.7 90.7
Plane Strain Elements with a Plane Strain
Formulation (le102):
Node 4 linear triangle - coarse mesh 92.7 54.2
Node 204 linear triangle - fine mesh 92.7 72.0
Node 104 parabolic triangle - coarse mesh 92.7 93.0
Node 304 parabolic triangle – fine mesh 92.7 94.0
References
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, The Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks,
(Glasgow: NAFEMS, Rev. 3, 1990.) Test No. LE1.
• Davies, G. A. O., Fenner, R. T., and Lewis, R. W., Background to Benchmarks, (Glas-
gow: NAFEMS, 1993).
Cylindrical Shell Patch Test
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• le201a.neu (linear plate, case 1)
• le201b.neu (parabolic plate, case 1)
• le202a.neu (linear plate, case 2)
• le202b.neu (parabolic plate, case 2)
This test is a linear elastic analysis of a cylindrical shell (shown below) using plate elements
and two different loadings. It provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Standard
Benchmark Test LE2.
Units
SI
A B A B
E E
D C D C
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Fully constrain the nodes on edge AB in all translations and rotations.
Constrain the nodes on edge AD and edge BC in the Z translation and X and Y rotations.
Case 1 Loading:
• Nodal moments along DC = 1.0 kNm/m:
Node 3 = -125
Node 4 = -250
Node 9 = -125
Case 2 Loading:
• Nodal forces:
Nodes 3, and 9 = 75,000N
Node 4 = 150,000N
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Output - Plate Top Major Stress at point E (node 2)
NAFEMS FEMAP
Bench Structural
Plate Element & Loading
Value Result
(MPa) (MPa)
linear plate - case 1 (le201a) 60.0 57.9
linear plate - case 2 (le202a) 60.0 66.0 *
parabolic plate - case 1 (le201b) 60.0 54.8
parabolic plate - case 2 (le202b) 60.0 55.7 *
*Since the shapes of the plates are an approximation to a cylindrical surface, an edge load
will not be in the correct direction. To get this result, the edge load must be input as nodal
loads in the tangential direction.
References
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, The Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks,
(Glasgow: NAFEMS, Rev. 3, 1990.) Test No. LE2.
• Davies, G. A. O., Fenner, R. T., and Lewis, R. W., Background to Benchmarks, (Glas-
gow: NAFEMS, 1993).
Laminate Strip
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following file:
• r0031.neu
This test is a linear statics analysis of plate using plate elements with a laminate material. It
provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Report R0031.
Geometry
0° fiber direction
Y
X
10 15 15 10
C
0.1 0°
10N/mm 0.1 90°
1 0.1 0°
Z
0.4 90°
X E
A B
0.1 0°
0.1 90° D
0.1 0° F
E
Material Properties
Laminate material:
E = 1.0E5 MPa ν 12 = 0.4 E2 = 5.0E3 MPa ν12 ν 21
-------
- = -------
-
E1 E2
Units
SI
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
The one quarter model is:
• simply supported at A (Z=0)
• reflective symmetry about X=25 and Y=5
Loads
Line load of 10N/mm at C (X=25, Z=1).
Solution Type
Statics
Results
NAFEMS FEMAP
Bench Structural
Results
Value Result
(MPa) (MPa)
Z deflection at E -1.06 -1.06
Bending stress at E 683.9 *668
Bending stress at F - 601
Interlaminar shear stress at D -4.1 **-4.1
Shear stress at F - -2.2
*Value extrapolated from FEMAP Structural results at F. (FEMAP Structural calculates
stress at the center of the ply (F)).
**Recovered from post-processing.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, The Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks,
(Glasgow: NAFEMS, Rev. 3, 1990.) Test No. R0031.
Hemisphere-Point Loads
The complete model and results for this test care are in the following files:
• le301.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, coarse mesh)
• le302.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, fine mesh)
• le303.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, coarse mesh)
• le304.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, fine mesh)
This test is a linear elastic analysis of hemisphere point loads (shown below) using coarse and
fine meshes of plate elements. It provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Standard
Benchmark Test LE3.
Units
SI
F D
F D
G
G
A
A C C
B
B
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain point E in all translations and rotations.
• Constrain the nodes along edge AE (symmetry about X–Z plane) in the Y translation,
and X and Z rotations.
• Constrain the nodes along edge CE (symmetry about Y–Z plane) in the X translation,
and Y and Z rotations.
Loads
• Concentrated radial load outward at A = 2KN
Solution Type
Statics
Results
FEMAP Structural
NAFEMS Result at node 1
Test Case
Plate Element & Mesh Bench (point A) T1
Number
Value(m) Translation
(m)
le301 linear quadrilateral plate - coarse mesh 0.185 0.113
le302 linear quadrilateral plate - fine mesh 0.185 0.185
le303 parabolic quadrilateral plate - coarse mesh 0.185 0.0861
le304 parabolic quadrilateral plate - fine mesh 0.185 0.171
References
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, The Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks,
(Glasgow: NAFEMS, Rev. 3, 1990.) Test No. LE3.
• Davies, G. A. O., Fenner, R. T., and Lewis, R. W., Background to Benchmarks, (Glas-
gow: NAFEMS, 1993).
Z–Section Cantilever
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• le501.neu (linear quadrilateral plate)
• le502.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate)
This test is a linear elastic analysis of a Z–section cantilever (shown below) using plate ele-
ments. It provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Standard Benchmark Test LE5.
Units
SI
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain the nodes on edges B1, B2, B3 in all translations and rotations.
Loads
• Torque of 1.2MN applied at end C by two nodal forces (at nodes 9 and 27) of 0.6MN
B1
B2
B3
C
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Output - Plate Top Von Mises Stress (σxx), point A, node 30 (compression)
FEMAP
NAFEMS Bench
Plate Element & Loading Structural Result
Value (MPa)
(MPa)
linear quad - point A/node 30 -108 -117.3
parabolic quad - point A/node 30 -108 -109.2
References
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, The Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks,
(Glasgow: NAFEMS, Rev. 3, 1990.) Test No. LE5.
• Davies, G. A. O., Fenner, R. T., and Lewis, R. W., Background to Benchmarks, (Glas-
gow: NAFEMS, 1993).
Skew Plate Normal Pressure
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• le601.neu (linear and parabolic quadrilateral)
• le602.neu (linear and parabolic triangle)
This test is a linear elastic analysis of a plate (shown below) using plate elements. It provides
the input data and results for NAFEMS Standard Benchmark Test LE6.
10m
o
150
D
o C
30
E
A B
Units
SI
Boundary Conditions
Constraints (le601)
• Constrain nodes 1, 10, 35, and 44 in the X, Y, and Z translations.
• Constrain nodes 4, 13, 38, 47 in the X and Z translations.
Constraints (le602)
• Fully constrain nodes 1, 10, 35, 44 in all directions and rotations.
• Constrain all other nodes in the Z translation.
Loads
• Elemental pressure = -0.7KPa in the Z–direction
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Output - Plate Bottom Major Stress on the bottom surface at the plate center.
NAFEMS
FEMAP
Test Case Bench
Node # Plate Element & Mesh Structural
Name Value
Result (MPa)
(MPa)
le601 Node 9 linear quad - coarse mesh 0.802 0.365
le601 Node 18 linear quad - fine mesh 0.802 0.714
le601 Node 43 parabolic quad - coarse mesh 0.802 1.055
le601 Node 52 parabolic quad - fine mesh 0.802 0.791
le602 Node 9 linear triangle - coarse mesh 0.802 0.390
le602 Node 18 linear triangle - fine mesh 0.802 0.709
le602 Node 43 parabolic triangle - coarse mesh 0.802 0.847
le602 Node 52 parabolic triangle - fine mesh 0.802 0.822
References
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, The Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks,
(Glasgow: NAFEMS, Rev. 3, 1990.) Test No. LE6.
• Davies, G. A. O., Fenner, R. T., and Lewis, R. W., Background to Benchmarks, (Glas-
gow: NAFEMS, 1993).
Thick Plate Pressure
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• le1001.neu (linear and parabolic brick)
• le1002.neu (linear and parabolic wedge)
• le1003.neu (linear and parabolic tetrahedron)
This article provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Standard Benchmark Test LE10.
This test is a linear elastic analysis of a thick (shown below) using coarse and fine meshes of
solid elements.
B’
B B
A’
A A
D’
C’
D C
D C
Ellipses:
x 2 x 2 y 2
Ellipse AD: --- + y = 1 Ellipse BC: ---------- + ---------- = 1
2
2 3.25 2.75
Units
SI
Solid Brick
Linear and parabolic, coarse and fine mesh.
Solid Wedge
Linear and parabolic, coarse and fine mesh.
Solid Tetrahdron
Linear and parabolic, fine mesh.
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain the nodes on faces DCD’C’ and ABA’B’ in the X and Y translations.
• Constrain the nodes on face BCB’C’ in the X and Y translation.
• Constrain the nodes along the mid–plane in the Z translation.
Loads
• Uniform normal elemental pressure on the elements on the upper surface of the plate =
1MPa
• Inner curved edge AD unloaded
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Output - Solid Y normal stress at point D3σyy
NAFEMS
FEMAP
Test Case Node Bench
Element Type & Mesh Structural Result
Name # Value
(MPa)
(MPa)
le1001 N4 linear brick - coarse mesh -5.38 -6.31
le1001 N204 linear brick - fine mesh -5.38 -6.01
le1001 N104 parabolic brick - coarse mesh -5.38 -5.73
le1001 N304 parabolic brick - fine mesh -5.38 -5.84
le1002 N4 linear wedge - coarse mesh -5.38 -3.52
le1002 N204 linear wedge - fine mesh -5.38 -4.97
le1002 N104 parab wedge - coarse mesh -5.38 -5.53
le1002 N304 parab wedge - fine mesh -5.38 -6.10
le1003 N40 linear tetra - fine mesh -5.38 -2.41
le1003 N171 parabolic tetra - fine mesh -5.38 -5.29
References
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, The Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks,
(Glasgow: NAFEMS, Rev. 3, 1990.) Test No. LE10.
• Davies, G. A. O., Fenner, R. T., and Lewis, R. W., Background to Benchmarks, (Glas-
gow: NAFEMS, 1993)
Solid Cylinder/Taper/Sphere–Tem-
perature
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• le1101a.neu (linear brick, coarse mesh)
• le1101b.neu (linear brick, fine mesh)
• le1102a.neu (parabolic brick, coarse mesh)
• le1102b.neu (parabolic brick, fine mesh)
• le1103a.neu (linear wedge, coarse mesh)
• le1103b.neu (linear wedge, fine mesh)
• le1104a.neu (parabolic wedge, coarse mesh)
• le1104b.neu (parabolic wedge, fine mesh)
• le1105a.neu (linear tetrahedron, coarse mesh)
• le1105b.neu (linear tetrahedron, fine mesh)
• le1106a.neu (parabolic tetrahedron, coarse mesh)
• le1106b.neu (parabolic tetrahedron, fine mesh)
This test is a linear elastic analysis of a solid cylinder with a temperature gradient (shown
below) using coarse and fine meshes of solid elements. It provides the input data and results
for NAFEMS Standard Benchmark Test LE11.
Units
SI
Solid Brick
Coarse and fine mesh:
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain the nodes on the XZ plane and on the opposite face in the Y translation.
• Constrain the nodes on the YZ plane in the Z translation.
• Constrain the nodes on the XY plane in the X translation.
Loads
• Nodal temperatures: linear temperature gradient in the radial and axial direction
1
---
2 2 2
T°C = ( X + Y ) + Z
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Output - Solid Y Normal Stress at point A.
Note that the Y direction in the models corresponds to the Z direction in NAFEMS.
NAFEMS
FEMAP
Node # at Bench
Case Element Type & Mesh Structural
Point A Value
Result (MPa)
(MPa)
le1101a 30 linear brick - coarse mesh -105 -95.7
le1101b 71 linear brick - fine mesh -105 -99.5
le1102a 67 parabolic brick - coarse mesh -105 -93.9
le1102b 159 parabolic brick - fine mesh -105 -105.9
le1103a 33 linear wedge - coarse mesh -105 -9.49
le1103b 74 linear wedge - fine mesh -105 -46.9
le1104a 71 parabolic wedge - coarse mesh -105 -88.5
le1104b 187 parabolic wedge - fine mesh -105 -96.8
le1105a 8 linear tetra - coarse mesh -105 -31.4
le1105b 8 linear tetra - fine mesh -105 -65.2
le1106a 8 parabolic tetra - coarse mesh -105 -89.6
le1106b 8 parabolic tetra - fine mesh -105 -97.2
References
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, The Standard NAFEMS Benchmarks,
(Glasgow: NAFEMS, Rev. 3, 1990.) Test No. LE11.
• Davies, G. A. O., Fenner, R. T., and Lewis, R. W., Background to Benchmarks, (Glas-
gow: NAFEMS, 1993).
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue Verifica-
tion Using Theoretical Solutions
The purpose of these normal mode dynamics test cases is to verify the function of the FEMAP
Structural Normal Modes/Eigenvalue Analysis software using theoretical solutions. The test
cases are relatively simple in form and most of them have closed–form theoretical solutions.
The theoretical solutions shown in these examples are from well known engineering texts. For
each test case, a specific reference is cited. All theoretical reference texts are listed at the end
of this topic.
The finite element method is very flexible in the types of physical problems represented. The
verification tests provided are not exhaustive in exploring all possible problems, but represent
common types of applications.
This overview provides information on the following:
• understanding the test case format
• understanding comparisons with theoretical solutions
• references
Note: The node numbers listed in each case refer to the node numbers in the neutral
(.neu) files associated with this guide. If you remesh a model, or rebuild that
model from scratch, your node numbering may differ.
Element Types
• rigid
• mass
• DOF springs
Units
SI - meter
Model Geometry
• Length = 0.5 m
• a = 0.3 m
Physical Properties
• mass = 20 Kg
• k = 8 KN/m
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain node 6 in all directions except the Z rotation.
Constrain all other nodes in the X and Y translations and in the Z rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – Guyan method
Results
Frequency
(Hz)
Bench Value 1.90985
FEMAP Structural 1.90986
Difference 0.0%
Reference
• Tse, F., Morse, I., and Hinkle, R., Mechanical Vibrations, Theory and Applications,
(Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc., 1978.) p. 75.
Two Degrees of Freedom
Undamped Free Vibration - Princi-
ple Modes
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvn003.neu.
Determine the natural frequencies of a dynamic system with two degrees of freedom.
Element Types
• DOF springs
• mass
Units
SI- meter
Physical Properties
• mass = 1 kg
• k = 1 N/m
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1: Constrain nodes 1 and 4 in all DOF. On the other nodes, constrain all
DOF except the Y translation.
• Constraint Set 2: On the inner nodes, constrain the Y translation. Use this set as the Mas-
ter (ASET) DOF set.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – Guyan method
Results
Frequency of Frequency of
Mode 1 Mode 2
(Hz) (Hz)
Bench Value 0.159155 0.2756644
FEMAP Structural 0.159155 0.2756644
Difference 0.00% 0.00%
Reference
• Tse, F., Morse, I., and Hinkle, R., Mechanical Vibrations, 2nd Edition, (Boston: Allyn
and Bacon, Inc., 1978.) pp. 145-149.
Three Degrees of Freedom Tor-
sional System
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvn004.neu.
Determine the natural frequencies of a dynamic system with three degrees of freedom.
Element Types
• DOF springs
• mass
Units
SI - meter
Physical Properties
• J = J1 = J2 = J3 = 0.1 (mass)
• k = k1 = k2 = k3 = 1 N*m (stiffness)
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1: On one end node (node 1), constrain all DOF. On the other nodes, con-
strain all DOF except RX.
• Constraint Set 2: On the other nodes (nodes 2-4), constrain the DOF in RX. Use this set
as the Master (ASET) DOF set.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – Guyan method
Results
Reference
• Tse, F., Morse, I., and Hinkle, R., Mechanical Vibrations, 2nd Edition, (Boston: Allyn
and Bacon, Inc., 1978.) pp. 153–155
Two Degrees of Freedom Vehicle
Suspension System
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvn005.neu.
Determine the natural frequencies of dynamic system with two degrees of freedom. Degrees
of freedom are one translational and one rotational.
Element Types
5 nodes, 4 elements:
• 2 DOF springs
• 1 mass element
• 1 rigid element
Units
SI - meter
Model Geometry
• Length1 = 1.6 m
• Length2 = 2.0 m
• r = 1.4 m (radius of gyration; J=m*r*r)
Physical Properties
• mass = 1800 kg
• K1 = 42000 N/m
• K2 = 48000 N/m
N4 = (L2, -1)
N5 = (-L1, -1)
• Create a DOF spring with stiffness of k1 between nodes 3 and 5.
• Create a DOF spring with stiffness of k2 between nodes 2 and 4.
• Create a mass element with a mass coordinate system = 1 and with mass inertia system
of: 0.0, 0.0, 3528, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0.
• Create a three–noded rigid element using node 1 as the master node and nodes 2 and 3 as
the slave nodes.
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1:
Constrain nodes 1-3 in the X and Z translation and X and Y rotations.
Constrain nodes 4-5 in the X, Y, and Z translations.
• Constraint Set 2 (Master (ASET) DOF Set):
Constrain nodes 1-3 in the Y translation and Z rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – Guyan method
Results
Frequency of Frequency of
Mode 1 Mode 2
(Hz) (Hz)
Bench Value 1.086347 1.495612
FEMAP Structural 1.086347 1.495612
Difference 0.00% 0.00%
Reference
• Tse, F., Morse, I., and Hinkle, R., Mechanical Vibrations, 2nd Edition, (Boston: Allyn
and Bacon, Inc., 1978.) pp. 150-153.
Cantilever Beam Undamped Free
Vibrations
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvn006.neu.
Determine the natural frequencies of a cantilever beam.
Element Type
bar
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
• Length = 100 in
• Height = 2 in
Calculated Data
• A = h2 = 4 in2
• I = h4/12 = 1.33333
• G = E/2 x 1/1+nu = 11538461.54
• m = w/g = 2.59067375E-3
• Ip = Ixx + Iyy = 2.66666
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain one end node (node 1) in all directions and rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results
FEMAP Structural
Mode Bench Values (Hz) Difference
(Hz)
1&2 6.9533571 6.951037 -0.033%
3&4 43.575945 43.54267 -0.076%
5 64.684410 64.66795 -0.254%
6&7 122.01391 121.8567 -0.128%
8 193.85388 195.6024 0.901%
9 & 10 238.75784 238.6964 -0.026%
Reference
• Blevins, R., Formulas For Natural Frequency and Mode Shape, 1st Edition, (New York:
Van Norstrand Reinhold Company, 1979) pp. 108,193.
Natural Frequency of a Cantilevered
Mass
The complete model and results for this test case are in file mstvn007.neu.
Determine the natural frequencies of a dynamic system consisting of a massless bar element
and a mass element at the end.
Element Types
• bar
• mass
Units
Inch
Model Geometry
• Length = 30 in
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• −Constraint Set 1: On the wall end (at node 1), constrain all DOF. On the mass end, con-
strain the DOF in Z, RX, and RY.
• Constraint Set 2: On the mass end node, constrain the DOF in Z, Y, and RZ. Use this set
as the Master (ASET) DOF set.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – Guyan method
Results
Natural Frequency
(Hz)
Bench Value 15.9155
FEMAP Structural 15.9154
Difference 0.00%
Reference
• Tse, F., Morse, I., and Hinkle, R., Mechanical Vibrations, 2nd Edition, (Boston: Allyn
and Bacon, Inc., 1978.) p. 72
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue Verifica-
tion Using Standard NAFEMS
Benchmarks
The purpose of these normal mode dynamics test cases is to verify the function of the FEMAP
Structural Normal Modes/Eigenvalue solver using standard benchmarks published by
NAFEMS (National Agency for Finite Element Methods and Standards, National Engineer-
ing Laboratory, Glasgow, U.K.).
These standard benchmark tests were created by NAFEMS to stretch the limits of the finite
elements in commercial software. All results obtained using the FEMAP Structural software
compare favorably with other commercial finite element analysis software. Results of these
test cases using other commercial finite element analysis software programs are available
from NAFEMS.
Note: The node numbers listed in each case refer to the node numbers in the neutral
(.neu) files associated with this guide. If you remesh a model, or rebuild that
model from scratch, your node numbering may differ.
Reference
The following reference has been used in these test cases:
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.)
Bar Element Test Cases
The normal mode dynamics test cases using the standard NAFEMS benchmarks include these
bar element test cases:
• "Pin-ended Cross - In-plane Vibration"
• "Pin-ended Double Cross - In-plane Vibration"
• "Free Square Frame - In-plane Vibration"
• "Cantilever with Off-Center Point Masses"
• "Deep Simply-Supported Beam"
• "Circular Ring - In-plane and Out-of-plane Vibration"
• "Cantilevered Beam"
Pin-ended Cross - In-plane Vibra-
tion
The complete model and results for this test case are in file nf001ac.neu.
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a pin–ended cross (shown below) using bar
elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Bench-
marks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 1.
A C
.125 m
.125 m
5.0 m
Units
SI
• Y=0
• Z=0
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
10
G = 8.01x10
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain points A, B, C, D (nodes 2, 3, 4, 5) in all directions except for the Z rotation.
• Constrain node point Z (node 1) in the Z translation and X rotation.
• Constrain all other nodes (6-17) in the Z translation and X and Y rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results
NAFEMS
Ref. Value FEMAP Structural
Mode # Mesh Target Value
(Hz) (Hz)
(Hz)
1 11.336 linear 11.336 11.336
2, 3 17.709 linear 17.687 17.687
4 17.709 linear 17.715 17.715
5 45.345 linear 45.477 45.477
6, 7 57.390 linear 57.364 57.364
8 57.390 linear 57.683 57.683
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 1.
Pin-ended Double Cross - In-plane
Vibration
The complete model and results for this test case are in file nf002ac.neu.
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a pin–ended double cross (shown below)
using bar elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 2.
.125 m
C
B D
.125 m
A E
5.0m
H F
5.0 m
Units
SI
• Y=0
• Z=0
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain points A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H (nodes 2-9) in all directions except for the Z rota-
tion.
• Constrain all other nodes 1, (10-33) in the Z translation and X and Y rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 2.
Free Square Frame - In-plane Vibra-
tion
The complete model and results for this test are in file nf003ac.neu.
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a free square frame (shown below) using
bar elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 3.
.125 m
.125 m
10.0m
10.0 m
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1: Constrain all nodes in the Z translation and X and Y rotations.
• Constraint Set 2 (Kinematic DOF): Constrain nodes 1 and 3 in the X and Y translation
and the Z rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results
NAFEMS
Ref. Value FEMAP Structural
Mode # Mesh Target Value
(Hz) (Hz)
(Hz)
4 3.261 linear 3.262 3.259
5 5.668 linear 5.665 5.662
6, 7 11.136 linear 11.145 11.127
8 12.849 linear 12.833 12.793
9 24.570 linear 24.664 24.611
10, 11 28.695 linear 28.813 28.700
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 3.
Cantilever with Off-Center Point
Masses
The complete model and results for this test is in file nf004a.neu.
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a cantilever with off–center point masses
(shown below) using bar elements. This document provides the input data and results for
NAFEMS Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 4.
Attributes of this test are:
• coupling between torsional and flexural behavior
• inertial axis non–coincident with flexibility axis
• discrete mass, rigid links
• close eigenvalues
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
g
ρ = 8000k ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain point A (node 1) in all directions.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results
FEMAP
NAFEMS Target Structural Result
Mode # Ref. Value (Hz)
Value (Hz) (Hz)
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 4
Deep Simply-Supported Beam
The complete model and results for this test are in file nf005ac.neu.
This test is a normal mode dynamic analysis of a deep simply–supported beam. This docu-
ment provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Benchmarks for Natural Fre-
quency Analysis, Test 5.
Attributes of this test are:
• shear deformation and rotary inertial (Timoshenko beam)
• possibility of missing extensional modes when using iteration solution methods
• repeated eigenvalues
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
g
ρ = 8000k ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
• 5 bar elements
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain the X, Y, Z translation an X rotation at point A (node 1)
• Constrain the Y and Z translation at point B (node 10)
The boundary conditions are shown in the following diagram.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalues – SVI method
Results
NAFEMS
FEMAP Structural
Mode # Ref. Value (Hz) Target Value
Result (Hz)
(Hz)
1, 2 42.649 42.568 42.710
3 77.542 77.841 77.841
4 125.00 125.51 125.52
5, 6 148.31 145.46 150.76
7 233.10 241.24 241.24
8, 9 284.55 267.01 301.08
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 5.
Circular Ring - In-plane and Out-of-
plane Vibration
The complete model and results for this test are in file nf006ac.neu.
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a circular ring using bar elements. This
document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Benchmarks for Natural
Frequency Analysis, Test 6.
Attributes of this test are:
• rigid body modes (six modes)
• repeated eigenvalues
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
g
ρ = 8000k ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
• 20 bar elements
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1 (Kinematic DOF): Constrain nodes 10 and 11 in all directions and rota-
tions.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results
NAFEMS FEMAP
Mode # Ref. Value (Hz) Target Value Structural Result
(Hz) (Hz)
7, 8 51.849 52.290 52.211
(out of plane)
9, 10 53.382 53.971 53.775
(in plane)
11, 12 148.77 149.70 148.92
(out of plane)
13, 14 150.99 152.44 151.25
(in plane)
15 286.98 288.25 285.33
(out of plane)
16 289.51 288.25 285.33
(in plane)
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 6.
Cantilevered Beam
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf071a.neu (Test 1)
• nf071b.neu (Test 2)
• nf071c.neu (Test 3)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a cantilevered beam. This document pro-
vides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency
Analysis, Test 71.
Attributes of this test are:
• ill–conditioned stiffness matrix
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
g
ρ = 8000k ------3-
m
• Test3: a = 100b
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain point A (node 1) in all directions and rotations.
• Constrain all other nodes in the Z translation and X and Y rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Bar elements always use a consistent mass formulation.
Results
FEMAP
Structural
Ref. Value
Mode # Mesh Result
(Hz)
(Hz)
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 71.
Plate Element Test Cases
The normal mode dynamics test cases using the standard NAFEMS benchmarks include these
plate element test cases:
• "Thin Square Cantilevered Plate -Symmetric Modes"
• "Thin Square Cantilevered Plate - Anti-symmetric Modes"
• "Free Thin Square Plate"
• "Simply-Supported Thin Square Plate"
• "Simply-Supported Thin Annular Plate"
• "Clamped Thin Rhombic Plate"
• "Cantilevered Thin Square Plate with Distorted Mesh"
• "Simply-Supported Thick Square Plate, Test A"
• "Clamped Thick Rhombic Plate"
• "Simply-Supported Thick Square Plate, Test B"
• "Simply-Supported Thick Annular Plate"
• "Cantilevered Square Membrane"
• "Cantilevered Tapered Membrane"
• "Free Annular Membrane"
• "Cantilevered Thin Square Plate"
• "Cantilevered Thin Square Plate #2"
Thin Square Cantilevered Plate -
Symmetric Modes
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf011alc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf011all.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf011apc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf011apl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a thin, square, cantilevered plate meshed
with plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 11a.
Attributes of this test are:
• symmetric modes, symmetric boundary conditions along the cutting plane
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
• Constraints (all tests)
• Fully constrain nodes 1-5 in all translations and rotations.
• Constrain nodes 6, 11, 16, 21, 26, 31, 36, 41 in the X and Y translations and X and Z
rotations.
• Constrain all other nodes in the X and Y translations and Z rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP Structural
Ref. Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Result (consistent
Value (Hz) (lumped mass)
mass) (Hz)
(Hz)
1 0.421 linear 0.415 0.418
parabolic 0.414 0.418
2 2.582 linear 2.507 2.623
parabolic 2.444 2.569
3 3.306 linear 3.117 3.315
parabolic 3.081 3.281
4 6.555 linear 5.984 6.573
parabolic 6.018 6.551
5 7.381 linear 7.241 7.979
parabolic 6.954 7.525
6 11.402 linear 10.387 12.112
parabolic 10.493 11.950
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 11a.
Thin Square Cantilevered Plate -
Anti-symmetric Modes
The complete model and results for this test case are the in following files:
• nf011blc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf011bll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf011bpc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf011bpl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a thin, square, cantilevered plate meshed
with plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 11b.
Attributes of this test are:
• anti–symmetric modes
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints (all tests)
• Fully constrain nodes 1-5 in all directions.
• Constrain nodes 6, 11, 16, 21, 26, 31, 36, 41 in the X, Y, Z translations and Z rotation.
• Constrain all other nodes in the X and Y translations and Z rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP FEMAP
Ref. NAFEMS
Structural Result Structural Result
Mode # Value Mesh Target Value
(lumped mass) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (Hz)
(Hz) (Hz)
1 1.029 linear 1.019 0.993 1.012
parabolic 1.018 0.999 1.024
2 3.753 linear 3.839 3.553 3.750
parabolic 3.710 3.541 3.728
3 7.730 linear 8.313 7.130 8.162
parabolic 7.768 6.847 7.846
4 8.561 linear 9.424 8.082 9.079
parabolic 8.483 7.894 8.693
5 not linear 11.728 9.805 11.526
available parabolic 11.185 9.954 11.451
6 not linear 17.818 13.087 17.192
available parabolic 15.755 13.724 16.918
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 11b.
Free Thin Square Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf012lc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf012ll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf012pc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf012pl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a free thin square plate meshed with plate
elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Bench-
marks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 12.
Attributes of this test are:
• rigid body modes (three modes)
• repeated eigenvalues
• use of kinematic DOF for the rigid body mode calculation with the SVI eigensolver
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1: Constrain all the nodes in the X and Y translations and Z rotation.
• Constraint Set 2 (Kinematic DOF): Constrain nodes 1 and 3 in all directions and rota-
tions.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow: NAFEMS,
Nov., 1987.) Test No. 12.
Simply-Supported Thin Square
Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf013lc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf013ll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf013pc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf013pl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a simply–supported thin square plate
meshed with plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS
Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 13.
Attributes of this test are:
• well established
• repeated eigenvalues
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain all nodes in the X and Y translations and Z rotation.
• Constrain the nodes along edges X = 0 and X = 10m in the Z translation and X rotation.
• Constrain the nodes along edges Y = 0 and Y = 10m in the Z translation and Y rotation.
• Fully constrain the DOF on the four corner nodes (9, 13, 41, 68).
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
Results
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 13.
Simply-Supported Thin Annular
Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf014lc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf014ll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf014pc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf014pl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a simply–supported thin annular plate
meshed with shell elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS
Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 14.
Attributes of this test are:
• curved boundary (skewed coordinate system)
• repeated eigenvalues
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
• Constraint Set 1 (All Tests):
Constrain all nodes in in the X and Y translation and Z rotation.
Additionally constrain all nodes around the model’s circumference in the Z transla-
tion and X rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Mode Dynamics - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 14.
Clamped Thin Rhombic Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf015lc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf015ll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf015pl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf015pc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a clamped thin rhombic plate meshed with
plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 15.
Attributes of this test are:
• distorted elements
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Completely constrain the nodes along all four edges of the part in all directions and rota-
tions.
• Constrain all other nodes in the X and Y translation and Z rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 15.
Cantilevered Thin Square Plate with
Distorted Mesh
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf016a1.neu (16 parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf016a2.neu (16 parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf016b1.neu (16 parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf016b2.neu (16 parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf016c1.neu (4 parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf016c2.neu (4 parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf016d1.neu (4 parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf016d2.neu (4 parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a cantilevered thin square plate meshed
with distorted plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS
Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 16.
Attributes of this test are:
• distorted meshes
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Four tests:
• Test 1 (nf016a1, nf016a2) - 65 nodes, 16 elements
• Test 2 (nf016b1, nf016b2) - 65 nodes, 16 elements with specified nodes at the following
XY coordinates:
X Coordinate Y Coordinate
4.0 4.0
2.25 2.25
4.75 2.5
7.25 2.75
7.5 4.75
7.75 7.25
5.25 7.25
2.25 7.25
2.5 4.75
• Test 4 (nf016d1, nf016d2) - 21 nodes, 4 elements with a specified node at X=4.0, Y=4.0.
Boundary Conditions
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
NAFEMS FEMAP Structural
Ref. Value Structural
Mode # Test Target Value Result (consistent
(Hz) Result (lumped
(Hz) mass) (Hz)
mass) (Hz)
1 0.421 1 0.4174 0.4139 0.4181
2 0.4174 0.4135 0.4182
3 0.4144 0.4021 0.4189
4 0.4145 0.3999 0.4192
2 1.029 1 1.020 0.9985 1.024
2 1.020 0.9967 1.024
3 0.999 0.9347 1.021
4 1.002 0.9202 1.025
3 2.582 1 2.564 2.444 2.569
2 2.571 2.445 2.566
3 2.554 2.132 2.708
4 2.565 2.112 2.698
4 3.306 1 3.302 3.082 3.281
2 3.317 3.072 3.280
3 3.401 2.707 3.449
4 3.424 2.697 3.430
5 3.753 1 3.769 3.540 3.728
2 3.780 3.535 3.731
3 3.697 3.136 3.913
4 3.714 3.077 3.881
6 6.555 1 6.805 6.018 6.551
2 6.883 5.994 6.552
3 5.455 5.458 7.108
4 5.133 5.459 6.858
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 16.
Simply-Supported Thick Square
Plate, Test A
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf021alc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf021all.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf021apc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf021apl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a simply–supported thick square plate
meshed with shell elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS
Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 21a.
Attributes of this test are:
• well–established
• repeated eigenvalues
• effect of secondary restraints
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain the corner nodes in all directions and rotations.
• Constrain the nodes along edges X=0 and X=10m in all directions, except the Y rotation.
• Constrain the nodes along edges Y=0 and Y=10m in all directions, except the X rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP FEMAP
NAFEMSTar
Ref. Value Structural Structural Result
Mode # Mesh get Value
(Hz) Result (lumped (consistent mass)
(Hz)
mass) (Hz) (Hz)
1 45.897 linear 46.659 45.50 46.35
parabolic 45.936 46.165 45.830
2, 3 109.44 linear 115.84 108.70 114.12
parabolic 110.41 110.32 109.38
4 167.89 linear 177.53 160.63 174.29
parabolic 170.38 167.30 169.75
5, 6 204.51 linear 233.40 204.75 227.05
parabolic 212.81 204.59 208.20
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 21a.
Simply-Supported Thick Square
Plate, Test B
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf021blc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate elements, consistent mass)
• nf021bll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate elements, lumped mass)
• nf021bpc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate elements, consistent mass)
• nf021bpl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate elements, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a simply–supported thick square plate
meshed with plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS
Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 21b.
Attributes of this test are:
• well–established
• repeated eigenvalues
• effect of secondary restraints
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200X10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain the nodes along all edges in the X,Y, and Z translations and Z rotation.
• Constrain all other nodes in the X and Y translation and Z rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
Results
FEMAP FEMAP
NAFEMS
Ref. Value Structural Result Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Target Value
(Hz) (lumped mass) (consistent mass)
(Hz)
(Hz) (Hz)
1 45.897 linear 44.745 44.14 44.96
parabolic 44.134 44.815 44.493
2, 3 109.44 linear 112.94 106.96 112.25
parabolic 107.85 108.52 107.57
4 167.89 linear 170.28 156.96 170.17
parabolic 164.19 163.57 165.70
5, 6 204.51 linear 230.23 203.40 225.51
parabolic 20.07 203.12 206.46
7, 8 256.50 linear 274.19 237.31 272.47
parabolic 260.32 245.71 263.61
9 336.62 linear 355.98 293.95 358.43
parabolic 342.80 307.16 318.56
10 336.62 linear 355.98 319.64 384.78
parabolic 342.80 346.85 318.58
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 21b.
Clamped Thick Rhombic Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf022lc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf022ll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf022pc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf022pl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a thick clamped thick rhombic plate
meshed with plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS
Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 22.
Attributes of this test are:
• distorted elements
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200X10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain the nodes along all four edges in all directions and rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Mode Dynamics - SVI
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 22
Simply-Supported Thick Annular
Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf023lc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf023ll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf023pc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf023pl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a simply–supported thick annular plate
meshed with plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS
Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 23.
Attributes of this test are:
• curved boundary (skewed coordinate system)
• repeated eigenvalues
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200X10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain the nodes around the circumference in the X, Y, and Z translations and X and Z
rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Ref. Value Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Target Value Result
(Hz) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (lumped mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
1 18.58 linear 18.82 18.49 18.61
parabolic 18.59 18.32 18.59
2, 3 48.92 linear 49.82 49.89 50.35
parabolic 49.02 48.99 49.13
4, 5 92.59 linear 96.06 93.43 95.44
parabolic 92.90 93.19 92.42
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 23.
Cantilevered Square Membrane
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf031lc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf031ll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf031pc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf031pl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a cantilevered square membrane meshed
with plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 31.
Attributes of this test are well established.
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain the nodes along the Y axis in all directions and rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
NAFEMS FEMAP
Structural
Ref. Value Target Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Result
(Hz) Value (consistent mass)
(lumped mass)
(Hz) (Hz)
(Hz)
1 52.404 linear 52.905 52.47 52.77
parabolic 52.635 52.16 52.39
2 125.69 linear 126.11 125.59 126.06
parabolic 125.87 125.18 122.48
3 140.78 linear 143.20 139.54 142.83
parabolic 141.47 138.28 138.02
4 222.54 linear 228.85 214.61 227.04
parabolic 224.59 209.01 214.95
5 241.41 linear 247.90 239.84 247.25
parabolic 243.26 239.16 227.48
6 255.74 linear 260.61 252.06 259.46
parabolic 256.76 251.31 236.73
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 31.
Cantilevered Tapered Membrane
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf032lc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf032ll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf032pc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf032pl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a cantilevered tapered membrane meshed
with plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 32.
Attributes of this test are:
• shear behavior
• irregular mesh
• symmetry
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain the nodes along the Y axis in all directions and rotations.
• Constrain all other nodes in the Z translation and the X, Y, and Z rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Ref. Value Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Target Value Result
(Hz) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (lumped mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
1 44.623 linear 44.905 44.73 44.82
parabolic 44.636 44.84 45.14
2 130.03 linear 132.12 129.92 131.28
parabolic 130.14 129.05 130.50
3 162.70 linear 162.83 162.61 162.80
parabolic 162.72 162.37 161.37
4 246.05 linear 252.99 244.62 250.56
parabolic 246.63 241.80 245.00
5 379.90 linear 393.31 375.09 391.79
parabolic 382.02 369.61 374.78
6 391.44 linear 396.26 389.81 393.11
parabolic 391.55 388.11 375.77
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 32
Free Annular Membrane
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf033lc.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf033ll.neu (linear quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf033pc.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf033pl.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a free annular membrane meshed with
plate elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 33.
Attributes of this test are:
• repeated eigenvalues
• rigid body modes (three modes)
• kinematically incomplete suppressions
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1 (DOF set):
Tests 1 and 2: Constrain nodes 254 and 286 in the X and Y translations.
• Constraint Set 2: Constrain all other nodes in the Z translation and X, Y, and Z rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Ref. Value Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Target Value Result
(Hz) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (lumped mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
4, 5 129.24 linear 129.51 127.71 128.70
parabolic 126.48 126.66 126.15
6 226.17 linear 225.46 224.52 225.22
parabolic 224.27 222.82 218.17
7, 8 234.74 linear 234.92 229.67 234.94
parabolic 232.95 230.12 225.14
9, 10 264.66 linear 272.13 263.86 270.83
parabolic 264.81 262.45 257.67
11, 12 336.61 linear 340.34 328.44 339.93
parabolic 335.70 329.09 311.38
13, 14 376.79 linear 391.98 368.15 389.38
parabolic 378.60 368.48 361.52
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 33.
Cantilevered Thin Square Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf073ac.neu (Test 1 - parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf073al.neu (Test 2 - parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf073bc.neu (Test 3 - parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf073bl.neu (Test 4 - parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf073cc.neu (Test 5 - parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf073cl.neu (Test 6 - parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
• nf073dc.neu (Test 7 - parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf073dl.neu (Test 8 - parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a cantilevered thin square plate. This docu-
ment provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Benchmarks for Natural Fre-
quency Analysis, Test 73.
Attributes of this test are:
• effect of master DOF selection on frequencies
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1: Constrain the nodes along the Y axis in the X, Y, and Z translations and
Y rotation.
• Constraint Set (DOF set) 2: Create a constraint set to define a Master (ASET) DOF set
(in Z direction) - four different placements:
Tests 1 and 2:
Tests 3 and 4:
Tests 5 and 6:
Tests 7 and 8:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Ref. Value Structural Result
Mode # DOF Set Target Value Result
(Hz) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (lumped mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
1 0.421 test 1 0.4174 0.4139 0.4182
test 2 0.4174 0.4139 0.4182
test 3 0.4175 0.4140 0.4183
test 4 0.4184 0.4147 0.4191
2 1.029 test 1 1.020 0.999 1.025
test 2 1.020 1.000 1.026
test 3 1.021 1.001 1.027
test 4 1.032 1.009 1.036
3 2.582 test 1 2.564 2.449 2.580
test 2 2.597 2.476 2.610
test 3 2.677 2.524 2.675
test 4 2.850 2.670 2.844
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 73.
Cantilevered Thin Square Plate #2
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf074c.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, consistent mass)
• nf074l.neu (parabolic quadrilateral plate, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a cantilevered thin square plate. This docu-
ment provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Benchmarks for Natural Fre-
quency Analysis, Test 74.
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain the nodes along the Y axis in the X, Y, and Z translations and the Y rotation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalues - SVI
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 74.
Axisymmetric Solid and Solid Ele-
ment Test Cases
The normal mode dynamics test cases using the standard NAFEMS benchmarks include these
axisymmetric solid and solid element test cases:
• "Free Cylinder - Axisymmetric Vibration"
• "Simply-Supported Annular Plate -Axisymmetric Vibration"
• "Thick Hollow Sphere - Uniform Radial Vibration"
• "Simply-Supported Solid Square Plate"
• "Simply-Supported Solid Annular Plate"
• "Deep Simply-Supported Solid Beam"
• "Cantilevered Solid Beam"
Free Cylinder - Axisymmetric Vibra-
tion
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf041lc.neu (linear axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, consistent mass)
• nf041ll.neu (linear axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, lumped mass)
• nf041pc.neu (parabolic axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, consistent mass)
• nf041pl.neu (parabolic axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a free cylinder meshed with axisymmetric
elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Bench-
marks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 41.
Attributes of this test are:
• rigid body modes (one mode)
• coupling between axial, radial, and circumferential behavior
• close eigenvalues
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Tests 1 and 2: Create a constraint set (Kinematic DOF set) to constrain nodes 1 and 68 in
the X and Z translations.
• Tests 3 and 4: Create a constraint set (Kinematic DOF set) to constrain nodes 1 and 51 in
the X and Z translations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Ref. Value Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Target Value Result
(Hz) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (lumped mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
2 243.53 linear 244.01 243.18 243.96
parabolic 243.50 243.24 243.50
3 377.41 linear 379.41 370.86 378.15
parabolic 377.46 356.49 377.46
4 394.11 linear 395.41 379.31 394.42
parabolic 394.28 356.88 394.30
5 397.72 linear 401.35 385.92 398.00
parabolic 397.94 375.85 397.97
6 405.28 linear 421.87 389.56 406.85
parabolic 406.41 393.65 406.44
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 41.
Thick Hollow Sphere - Uniform
Radial Vibration
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf042lc.neu (linear axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, consistent mass)
• nf042ll.neu (linear axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, lumped mass)
• nf042pc.neu (parabolic axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, consistent mass)
• nf042pl.neu (parabolic axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a thick, hollow sphere using axisymmetric
solid elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 42.
Attributes of this test are:
• curved boundary (skewed coordinate system)
• constraint equations
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1: Constrain all nodes in the Z translation.
• Constraint Equations: Constrain all nodes at the same R’ are constrained to have same r’
displacement
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Ref. Value Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Target Value Result
(Hz) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (lumped mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
1 369.91 linear 370.64 369.91 370.08
parabolic 370.01 369.49 369.83
2 838.03 linear 841.20 831.80 839.49
parabolic 838.08 832.72 837.77
3 1451.2 linear 1473.1 1421.3 1470.5
parabolic 1453.0 1433.7 1450.85
4 2117.0 linear 2192.2 2030.5 2188.6
parabolic 2131.7 2072.9 2117.3
5 2795.8 linear 2975.7 2604.2 2970.9
parabolic 2852.8 2706.3 2799.5
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 42.
Simply-Supported Annular Plate -
Axisymmetric Vibration
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf043lc.neu (linear axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, consistent mass)
• nf043ll.neu (linear axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, lumped mass)
• nf043pc.neu (parabolic axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, consistent mass)
• nf043pl.neu (parabolic axisymmetric solid quadrilateral, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a simply–supported annular plate meshed
with axisymmetric elements. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS
Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 43.
Attributes of this test are:
• well established
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
Constrain point A (node 1) in the Z translation
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Ref. Value Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Target Value Result
(Hz) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (lumped mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
1 18.543 linear 18.711 18.542 18.570
parabolic 18.582 18.429 18.582
2 150.15 linear 145.46 138.66 140.24
parabolic 145.56 135.97 140.56
3 224.16 linear 224.22 224.20 224.20
parabolic 224.18 224.00 224.18
4 358.29 linear 385.59 361.50 371.48
parabolic 374.05 353.62 374.05
5 629.19 linear 689.34 643.34 673.79
parabolic 686.04 633.16 686.05
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow: NAFEMS,
Nov., 1987.) Test No. 43.
Deep Simply-Supported Solid Beam
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf051lc.neu (linear solid brick, consistent mass)
• nf051ll.neu (linear solid brick, lumped mass)
• nf051pc.neu (parabolic solid brick, consistent mass)
• nf051pl.neu (parabolic solid brick, lumped mass)
This test is a normal mode dynamic analysis of a deep, solid beam meshed with bricks. This
document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Benchmarks for Natural
Frequency Analysis, Test 51.
Attributes of this test are:
• skewed coordinate system
• skewed restraints
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Structural Result
Ref. Value Target Result
Mode # Mesh (consistent
(Hz) Value (lumped
mass)
(Hz) mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
1 38.200 linear 42.881 37.964 38.282
parabolic 38.821 37.788 38.269
2 85.210 linear 93.817 83.407 83.977
parabolic 88.451 87.027 87.659
3 152.23 linear 170.67 152.84 157.63
parabolic 159.34 150.53 157.49
4 245.53 linear 286.12 251.76 265.02
parabolic 259.20 243.10 259.00
5 297.05 linear 318.86 288.20 298.43
parabolic 307.92 281.27 306.02
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 51.
Simply-Supported Solid Square
Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf052lc.neu (linear solid brick, consistent mass)
• nf052ll.neu (linear solid brick, lumped mass)
• nf052pc.neu (parabolic solid brick, consistent mass)
• nf052pl.neu (parabolic solid brick, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a simply–supported solid square plate
meshed with bricks. This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected
Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 52.
Attributes of this test are:
• well established
• rigid body modes (three modes)
• kinematically incomplete suppressions
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1: Constrain all the nodes along the four edges on the plane ZS = -0.5m in
the Z translation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Ref. Value Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Target Value Result
(Hz) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (lumped mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
4 45.897 linear 51.654 44.115 45.318
parabolic 44.762 44.502 44.796
5, 6 109.44 linear 132.73 106.73 113.96
parabolic 110.52 107.94 110.54
7 167.89 linear 194.37 156.48 173.30
parabolic 169.08 161.44 169.11
8 193.59 linear 197.18 193.58 196.77
parabolic 193.93 193.16 193.92
9, 10 206.19 linear 210.55 200.14 209.56
parabolic 206.64 185.60 206.65
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 52.
Simply-Supported Solid Annular
Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf053lc.neu (linear solid brick, consistent mass)
• nf053ll.neu (linear solid brick, lumped mass)
• nf053pc.neu (parabolic solid brick, consistent mass)
• nf053pl.neu (parabolic solid brick, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a solid annular plate using solid elements.
This document provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Benchmarks for
Natural Frequency Analysis, Test 53.
Attributes of this test are:
• curved boundary (skewed coordinate system)
• constraint equations
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
• Constraint equations: Constrain nodes at same R and Z are constrained to have same z
displacement.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalues - SVI method
Results were obtained two different ways:
• using lumped mass
• using consistent mass
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
NAFEMS Structural
Ref. Value Structural Result
Mode # Mesh Target Value Result
(Hz) (consistent mass)
(Hz) (lumped mass)
(Hz)
(Hz)
1 18.583 linear 19.659 18.612 18.641
parabolic 18.582 18.409 18.629
2 140.15 linear 146.42 140.13 141.78
parabolic 140.42 134.21 141.44
3 224.16 linear 224.25 224.34 224.48
parabolic 224.18 223.62 224.33
4 358.29 linear 386.70 369.74 380.74
parabolic 374.04 345.98 380.03
5 629.19 linear 689.47 668.73 690.09
parabolic 686.02 616.01 688.59
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 53.
Cantilevered Solid Beam
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• nf072ac.neu (conventional numbering, consistent mass)
• nf072al.neu (conventional numbering, lumped mass)
• nf072bc.neu (unconventional numbering, consistent mass)
• nf072bl.neu (unconventional numbering, lumped mass)
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of a cantilevered solid beam. This document
provides the input data and results for NAFEMS Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency
Analysis, Test 72.
Attributes of this test are:
• highly populated stiffness matrix
Units
SI
Material Properties
9 N
E = 200x10 ------2-
m
kg
ρ = 8000 ------3-
m
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain all nodes on the X=0 plane in the X, Y, and Z translations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI Method
Results
FEMAP FEMAP
NAFEMS
Structural Structural
Mode # Mesh Target Value
(lumped mass) (consistent mass)
(Hz)
(Hz) (Hz)
1 Test 1 16.007 15.800 16.007
Test 2 16.007 15.800 16.007
2 Test 1 87.226 82.235 87.226
Test 2 87.226 82.235 87.226
3 Test 1 125.96 125.03 125.96
Test 2 125.96 125.03 125.96
4 Test 1 209.56 189.33 209.56
Test 2 209.56 189.33 209.56
5 Test 1 351.11 299.30 351.11
Test 2 351.11 299.32 351.11
6 Test 1 375.81 352.39 375.82
Test 2 375.81 352.40 375.81
Note: Reference value (Ref. Value) refers to the accepted solution to the problem.
Reference
• NAFEMS Finite Element Methods & Standards, Abbassian, F., Dawswell, D. J., and
Knowles, N. C., Selected Benchmarks for Natural Frequency Analysis (Glasgow:
NAFEMS, Nov., 1987.) Test No. 72.
Verification Test Cases from the
Societe Francaise des Mech-
aniciens
The purpose of these test cases is to verify the function of the FEMAP Structural software
using standard benchmarks published by SFM (Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Paris,
France) in “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Included here are:
• test cases on mechanical structures using linear statics analysis and normal modes/eigen-
value analysis
• stationary thermal test cases using heat transfer analysis
• a thermo–mechanical test case using linear statics analysis
Results published in “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures” are compared
with those computed using the FEMAP Structural software.
Note: The node numbers listed in each case refer to the node numbers in the neutral
(.neu) files associated with this guide. If you remesh a model, or rebuild that
model from scratch, your node numbering may differ.
Reference
The following reference has been used in these test cases:
Units
SI
Material Properties
E = 2E11 Pa
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain the nodes at both free ends of the beam (nodes 1 and 2) in all directions except
for the Z rotation.
Loads
• On nodes 1-10, apply a load = 1E5 N/m in -Y direction
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Units
SI
Material Properties
• E = 2E11 Pa
• I = (4/3)E-8m4
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Nodes 1 and 4: Fully constrained in all directions.
Loads
• Node 3: Set nodal force = 1000 N in -Y direction
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Units
SI
Material Properties
E = 2E11 Pa
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain node 91 in all translations and rotations.
Loads
• Create a nodal force at node 1 = 100 N in Z direction
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Post Processing
Units
SI
Material Properties
E = 2E11 Pa
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Node 2: Constrain the X, Y, and Z translations.
• Node 1: Constrain the Y and Z translation only.
Loads
• Force=100N in -Y direction
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Bench FEMAP
Node # Displacement Difference
Value Structural
Node 2 Rz (rad) -3.0774E-2 -3.1097E-2 1.05%
(R3 Rotation)
Node 1 Rz (rad) 3.0774E-2 3.1097E-2 1.05%
(R3 Rotation)
Node 7 Y (m) -1.9206E-2 -1.9342E-2 0.71%
(T2 Translation)
Node 1 X (m) 5.3913E-2 5.3735E-2 0.33%
(T1 Translation)
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLL08/89.
Nodal Load on an Articulated Rod
Truss
The complete model and results for this test case are in file ssll11.neu.
This test is a linear statics analysis of a plane truss with an articulated rod. It provides the
input data and results for benchmark test SSLL11/89 from “Guide de validation des progiciels
de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
• E = 1.962E11 Pa
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Nodes 3 and 17: Constrained in the X, Y, and Z translations only.
Loads
• Node 2: Set Nodal force = 9.81E3 N in -Y direction
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Bench FEMAP
Node # Displacement Difference
Value Structural
Node 18 X (m) 0.26517E-3 0.26517E-3 0.00%
(T1 Translation)
Node 18 Y (m) 0.08839E-3 0.08839E-3 0.00%
(T2 Translation)
Node 2 X (m) 3.47902E-3 3.47903E-3 ~0.00%
(T1 Translation)
Node 2 Y (m) -5.60084E-3 -5.6004E-3 ~0.00%
(T2 Translation)
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLL11/89.
Articulated Plane Truss
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• ssll14a.neu (4 bar elements)
• ssll14b.neu (10 bar elements)
This test is a linear statics analysis of a straight cantilever beam with plane bending and ten-
sion–compression. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SSLL14/89 from
“Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
• E = 2.1E11 Pa
Boundary Conditions
Test 1 (ssll14a)
• Constraints
Nodes 1 and 4: Constrain in the X, Y, and Z translations.
Nodes 2, 3, 8: Constrain in the Z translation only.
• Loads
Set forces and moments to the following numeric values:
p = -3,000N/m (on element 4); F1 = -20,000N (on node 8); F2 = -10,000N (on node
2); M = -100,000Nm (on node 2)
Test 2 (ssll14b)
• Constraints
Nodes 1 and 4: Constrain in the X, Y, and Z translations.
Nodes 2, 3, 5-13: Constrain in the Z translation only.
• Loads (ssll14b)
Set forces and moments to the following numeric values:
p = -3,000N/m (on elements 5-7); F1 = -20,000N (on node 8); F2 = -10,000N (on
node 2); M = -100,000Nm (on node 2)
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLL14/89.
Beam on an Elastic Foundation
The complete model and results for this test case are in file ssll16.neu.
This test is a linear statics analysis (plane problem) of a straight beam with plane bending and
an elastic support. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SSLL16/89 from
“Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
• E = 2.1E11 Pa
• K = 8.4E5 N/m2
• Each spring stiffness is set to: K*L/ (number of DOF spring elements).
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Nodes 1 and 51: Constrain in the X, Y, and Z translations.
• Nodes 2-49: Constrain in the Z translation and X and Y rotations only.
Loads
• Set forces, moments, and distributed loads on element to the following numeric values:
F = -10000 N (node 26) ; p = -5000 N/m (elements 1-50) ; M = 15000 Nm (node
51); M= -15000 Nm (node 1).
The distributed loads are shown below:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Displacement Bench
Node FEMAP Structural Difference
Force, Moment Value
51 rotation(rad) Rz -0.003045 -0.003041 0.36%
(R3 rotation)
reaction force (N) Y 11674 11646 0.78%
(T2 Constraint Force)
26 disp. Y (m) (T2 Translation) -0.423326E-2 -0.42270E-2 0.41%
26 M moment (Nm)* (Bar End 33840 33286 1.63%
BX3 Moment)
*On element 26, second end
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLL16/89.
Mechanical Structures - Linear Stat-
ics Analysis with Plate Elements
The linear statics analysis test cases from the Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens include these
plate element test cases:
• "Plane Shear and Bending Load on a Plate"
• "Infinite Plate with a Circular Hole"
• "Uniformly Distributed Load on a Circular Plate"
• "Torque Loading on a Square Tube"
• "Cylindrical Shell with Internal Pressure"
• "Uniform Axial Load on a Thin Wall Cylinder"
• "Hydrostatic Pressure on a Thin Wall Cylinder"
• "Gravity Loading on a Thin Wall Cylinder"
• "Pinched Cylindrical Shell"
• "Spherical Shell with a Hole"
• "Uniformly Distributed Load on a Simply-Supported Rectangular Plate"
• "Shear Loading on a Plate"
• "Uniformly Distributed Load on a Simply-Supported Rhomboid Plate"
Plane Shear and Bending Load on a
Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in file sslp01.neu.
This test is a linear statics analysis (plane problem) of a plate with plane bending. It provides
the input data and results for benchmark test SSLP01/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
E = 3E10 Pa
ν = 0.25
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Nodes 121-126: Fully constrain in all translations and rotations.
Loads
• Set a shear force with parabolic distribution on width and constant distribution on thick-
ness
• Resultant force: p = 40 N.
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLP01/89.
Infinite Plate with a Circular Hole
The complete model and results for this test case are in file sslp02.neu.
This test is a linear statics analysis (plane problem) of a plate with tension–compression and a
membrane effect. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SSLP02/89 from
“Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
E = 3E10 Pa
ν = 0.25
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Nodes 1-11: Constrain in Y translation and X and Z rotations only.
• Nodes 12-110: Constrain in Z translation only.
• Nodes 111-121: Constrain in X translation and Y and Z rotations only.
Loads
• Tension force P = 2.5 N/mm**2 (in plane force of 2500 N/m)
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLP02/89.
Uniformly Distributed Load on a Cir-
cular Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• ssls03a.neu (linear quadrilateral)
• ssls03b.neu (linear triangle)
This test is a linear statics analysis (three–dimensional problem) of a circular plate fixed at the
edge with transverse bending and a uniform load. It provides the input data and results for
benchmark test SSLS03/89 from “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1 ×10 Pa
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain node 1 in all directions except for the Z translation.
• Fully constrain nodes 2-3 and nodes 15-21 in all directions.
• Constrain nodes 4-8 in the X translation and Y and Z rotations.
• Constrain nodes 9-13 in the Y translation and X and Z rotations.
Loads
• Uniform elemental pressure p = -1000 Pa.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
T3 Translation
Bench Test FEMAP
Node # Point (Displacement Difference
Value Number Structural
Z)
Node 1 Center O w (m) -0.0065 1 -0.0065 0.00%
Node 1 Center O -0.0065 2 -0.0065 0.00%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLS03/89.
Torque Loading on a Square Tube
The complete model and results for this test case are in file ssls05.neu.
This test is a linear statics analysis (three–dimensional problem) of a thin–walled tube loaded
in torsion by pure shear at the free end. It provides the input data and results for benchmark
test SSLS05/89 from “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1 ×10 Pa
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Completely constrain nodes 1-5, 57-60, 112-115, and 167-169 in all translations and
rotations.
Loads
• Torque equal to 10 Nm on the free end.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLS05/89.
Cylindrical Shell with Internal Pres-
sure
The complete model and results for this test are in the following files:
• ssls06a.neu (linear quadrilateral, test 1)
• ssls06b.neu (linear quadrilateral, test 2)
This test is a linear statics analysis of the thin cylinder loaded by internal pressure. It provides
the input data and results for benchmark test SSLS06/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1 ×10 Pa
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Solution Type
Statics
Results
T1 Translation
441 2 2.38E-6 0.00%
∆R ( m )
T1 Translation
121 -1.43E-6 1 -1.42E-6 0.70%
∆L ( m )
T3 Translation
441 2 -1.43E-6 0.00%
∆L ( m )
T3 Translation
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1 ×10 Pa
ν = 0.3
Test 1
• Meshed by revolving a meshed beam
• 200 parabolic quadrilateral plate elements
• 661 nodes
Test 2
• Meshed by free meshing on 1/8 of a cylinder
• 400 parabolic triangular plate elements
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain the nodes along one long edge in the Y translation and X and Z rotations.
• Constrain the nodes along the other long edge in the X translation and the Y and Z rota-
tions.
• Constrain the nodes along the top short edge in the Z translation only.
• Constrain node 1 in the Y and Z translations and the X and Z rotations.
Loads
• Uniform axial elemental pressures, q = 10000 N/m
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
T1 Translation
641 -7.14E-7 2 -7.14E-7 0.0%
∆R ( m )
T1 Translation
641 9.52E-6 1 9.52E-6 0.0%
∆L ( m )
T3 Translation
641 9.52E-6 2 9.52E-6 0.0%
∆L ( m )
T3 Translation
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1 ×10 Pa
ν = 0.3
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain the nodes on side A (from node 21 to node 661) in the X translation and Y and
Z rotations.
• Constrain the nodes on side B (from node 1 to node 641) in the Y translation,and X and Z
rotation.
Loads
• Internal elemental pressures, p = p0*Z/L with p0=20000 Pa
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
T1 Translation
Node 1 x=L -2.86E-6 1.486E-6 0.00%
∆L ( m )
T3 Translation
Node 321 1.19E-6 1.19E-6 0.00%
ψ ( rad )
R2 Rotation
ψ represents the rotation of a generator
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLS08/89.
Gravity Loading on a Thin Wall Cyl-
inder
The complete model and results for this test case are in file ssls09.neu.
This test is a linear statics analysis of a thin cylinder loaded by its own weight. It provides the
input data and results for benchmark test SSLS09/89 from “Guide de validation des progiciels
de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1 ×10 Pa
ν = 0.3
11
γ = 7.85 ×10 Pa
kg
mass = 8002 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Nodes 1, 5-16: Constrain in the Y translation and X and Z rotations.
• Node 2: Constrain in all directions except for the X translation and Y rotation.
• Nodes 3, 21-32: Constrain the X translation and Y and Z rotations.
• Node 4: Constrain in the X and Z translations and the Y and Z rotations.
• Nodes 33-36: Constrain in the Z translation only.
Loads
• Body load: Translational acceleration in the Z direction
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Displacement Bench
Node # Point FEMAP Structural Difference
and Stress Value
Node 2 x=0 3.14E5 3.02E5 3.82%
σ11 ( Pa )
Plate Top X Normal
Stress
Node 1 Any 0.0 -1578 to 1578
σ22 ( Pa )
T1 Translation
Node 1 x=L 2.99E-6 2.99E-6 0.00%
z∆ ( m )
T3 Translation
Node 10 x-L -1.12E-7 -1.12E-7 0.00
ψ ( rad )
R2 Rotation
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLS09/89.
Pinched Cylindrical Shell
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• ssls20a.neu (linear triangle plate)
• ssls20b.neu (linear quadrilateral plate)
This test is a linear statics analysis of a cylindrical shell with nodal forces, F, pinching as
shown. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SSLS20/89 from “Guide de
validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
6
E = 10.5x10 Pa
ν = 0.315
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Free conditions. To set free boundary conditions, use symmetry about XY, XZ and YZ
planes.
• Node 1: Fully constrain except for the X translation.
• Node 2, 5-13: Constrain in the Y translation and the X and Z rotations.
• Node 3: Fully constrain except for the Y translation.
• Node 4, 27-35: Constrain in the X translation and the Y and Z rotations.
• Nodes 14-26: Constrain the Z translation and the X and Y rotations.
Loads
• Nodal forces Fy = -25 N at point D
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLS20/89.
Spherical Shell with a Hole
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• ssls21a.neu (Test 1, linear quadrilateral plate)
• ssls21b.neu (Test 2, linear triangular plate)
• ssls21c.neu (Test 3, parabolic quadrilateral plate)
This test is a linear statics analysis of a spherical shell with a hole with nodal forces. It pro-
vides the input data and results for benchmark test SSLS21/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
7
E = 6.285x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
Test 1 (ssls21a)
• 100 linear quadrilateral plate elements
• 121 nodes
Test 2 (ssls21b)
• 200 linear triangular plate elements
• 121 nodes
Test 3 (ssls21c)
• 100 parabolic quadrilateral plate elements
• 341 nodes
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain nodes 1-11 in the X translation and Y and Z rotations.
• Constrain nodes 111-121 in the Z translation and X and Y rotations.
• Free condition
Note: To set free boundary conditions, use symmetry about XY and YZ planes.
Loads
• Nodal forces F = 2 Newtons
Due to the symmetric boundary conditions, only half of the load is applied.
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLS21/89.
Uniformly Distributed Load on a
Simply-Supported Rectangular
Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• ssls24a.neu (Test 1, coarse mesh)
• ssls24b.neu (Test 2, fine mesh)
• ssls24c.neu (Test 3, very fine mesh)
This test is a linear statics analysis of a plate with pressure loading and simple supports. It pro-
vides the input data and results for benchmark test SSLS24/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
7
E = 1.0x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
• 121 nodes
• 561 nodes
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain node 1 in all translations and rotations.
• Constrain the nodes on all edges in the Z translation only.
Loads
• Set pressure = 1 N/m**2 in the -Z direction
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Length/
Bench FEMAP
Center Node Thickne Parameter Test Difference
Value Structural
ss
61z direction 1.0 0.00444 1 0.00453 2.03%
(T3 Translation) α
116z direction 2.0 0.01110 2 0.01110 0.0%
(T3 Translation) α
281z direction 5.0 0.1417 3 0.01402 1.06%
(T3 Translation) α
2
βqb
Max σ = σ b = -----------
2
-
t
4
– αqb
Max y = ---------------
3
-
Et
Where:
q= distributed load
b = dimension
t = thickness
E = elastic modules
β values of reference from the “Guide de Validation” are incorrect. The correct values are
extracted from “Formulas for Stress and Strain (Roark/Young)”.
Note that the plate top surface corresponds to the side of the plate with negative global z
coordinates.
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLS24/89.
Uniformly Distributed Load on a
Simply-Supported Rhomboid Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• ssls25a.neu (Test 1)
• ssls25b.neu (Test 2)
This test is a linear statics analysis (three–dimensional problem) of a plate with pressure and
transverse bending. It provides the input data and results for a test similar to benchmark test
SSLS25/89 from “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
6
E = 36.0x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
Test 1 (ssls25a)
θ = 30°
Test 2 (ssls25b)
θ = 45°
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain node 231 in all translations and rotations.
• Constrain the nodes along the edges of the mesh in the Z translation.
Loads
• Elemental pressure = 1 N/m**2 in the -Z direction
Solution Type
Statics
Results
2
Max σ =βqb
4
αqb -
Max y = ------------
3
Et
Where:
q= distributed load
b = dimension
t = thickness
E = elastic modules
Values of reference from the “Guide de validation” are incorrect. The correct values are
extracted from “Formulas for Stress and Strain (Roark/Young),” table 26, case number 14a.
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLS25/89.
Shear Loading on a Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• ssls27a.neu (Test 1)
• ssls27b.neu (Test 2)
• ssls27c.neu (Test 3)
This test is a linear statics analysis of a thin plate with torque and shear loading. It provides
the input data and results for benchmark test SSLS27/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
7
E = 1.0x10 Pa
ν = 0.25
• 14 nodes
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain the nodes on side AD in all translations and rotations.
Loads
• Create a nodal force Fz = -1N at point B.
• Create a nodal force -Fz = 1N at point C.
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
D
Solution Type
Statics
Results at Location C
Displacement
Bench Test FEMAP
Node Difference
Value Number Structural
(Total T3 Translation)
14 3.537E-2 1 5.335E-2 50.83%
14 3.537E-2 2 3.382E-2 4.38%
75 3.537E-2 3 3.750E-2 6.02%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLS27/89.
Mechanical Structures - Linear Stat-
ics Analysis with Solid Elements
The linear statics analysis test cases from the Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens include these
solid element test cases:
• "Solid Cylinder in Pure Tension"
• "Internal Pressure on a Thick-Walled Spherical Container"
• "Internal Pressure on a Thick-Walled Infinite Cylinder"
• "Prismatic Rod in Pure Bending"
• "Thick Plate Clamped at Edges"
Solid Cylinder in Pure Tension
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• sslv01a.neu (parabolic tetrahedron, free meshing)
• sslv01b.neu (linar brick, mapped meshing)
• sslv01c.neu (linear quadrilateral axisymmetric solid, mapped meshing)
• sslv01d.neu (linear triangular axisymmetric solid, free meshing)
This test is a linear statics analysis of a solid cylinder with tension–compression. It provides
the input data and results for benchmark test SSLV01/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.0x10 Pa
ν = 0.30
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Uniaxial deformation of the cylinder section
Constraints (sslv01a)
• Nodes 1, 17-19: Constrain in the Y and Z translations.
• Nodes 2, 14-16: Constrain in the X and Z translations.
• Node 3: Constrain in the X, Y, and Z translations.
• Nodes 4, 59-63: Constrain in the X and Y translations.
• Nodes 5, 20-22, 33-45, 200-226: Constrain in the Y translation.
• Nodes 6, 23-25, 46-58, 173-199: Constrain in the X translation.
• Nodes 7-13, 64-72: Constrain in the Z translation.
Constraints (sslv01b)
• Constrain node 1, 10,19, and 28 in the Y and Z translation.
• Constrain nodes 2-8, 11-17, 20-26, and 29-35 in the Z translation.
• Constrain nodes 9, 18, 27, and 36 in the X and Z translation.
• Constrain node 37 in the X, Y, and Z translations.
• Constrain nodes 54, 63, 72, 81, 99, 108, 117, 126, 144, 153, 162, 171, 189, 198, 207,
216, 234, 243, 252, 261, 279, 288, 297, and 306 in the X translation.
• Constrain nodse 82, 127, 172, 217, and 307 in the X and Y translation.
• Constrain nodes 46, 55, 64, 73, 91, 100, 109, 118, 136, 145, 154, 163, 181, 190, 199,
208, 226, 235, 244, 253, 271, 280, 289, and 298 in the Y translation.
Constraints (sslv01c)
• Constrain nodes 13, 26, 39, and 52 in the Z translation.
• Constrain node 65 in the X and Z translations.
Constraints (sslv01d)
• Constrain node 1 in the X and Z translation
• Constrain nodes 2, 5, 6, and 7 in the Z translation.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Bench FEMAP
Node # Displacements Test # Difference
Value Structural
6 T3 Translation 1.5E-3 1 1.5E-3 0.00%
279 T3 Translation 1.5E-3 2 1.5E-3 0.00%
1 T3 Translation 1.5E-3 3 1.5E-3 0.00%
4 T3 Translation 1.5E-3 4 1.5E-3 0.00%
4 T3 Translation 1.5E-3 1 1.5E-3 0.00%
307 T3 Translation 1.5E-3 2 1.5E-3 0.00%
53 T3 Translation 1.5E-3 3 1.5E-3 0.00%
Units
SI
Material Properties
5
E = 2.0x10 Pa
ν = 0.30
• 1898 nodes
• 451 nodes
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• The equivalent of the center of the sphere being fixed is modeled via symmetric bound-
ary conditions.
Constraints - Tests 1 and 2:
Loads
• Uniform radial elemental pressure = 100 MPa
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Pressure -Tests 1 and 2:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Solid Z Normal
Stress
1 Solid Z Normal -100 2 -104.33 4.33%
41 Axisym C1 Radial -100 3 -95.50 4.50%
Stress
41 Axisym C1 Radial -100 4 -94.81 5.19%
Stress
1 71.43 1 72.04 0.85%
σ θ ( MPa )
Solid Y Normal
Stress
1 71.43 2 73.70 3.18%
σ θ ( MPa )
Solid Y Normal
Stress
41 71.43 3 69.20 3.12%
σ θ ( MPa )
Axisym C1 Azi-
muth Stress
41 71.43 4 69.50 2.70%
σ θ ( MPa )
Axisym C1 Azi-
muth Stress
1 u (m) 0.4E-3 1 0.40E-3 0.00%
T3 Translation
Solid Z Normal
Stress
2221 0 2 -.649 N/A
σ Π ( MPa )
Solid Z Normal
Stress
1 Axisym C1 Radial 0 3 -.233 N/A
Stress
1 Axisym C1 Radial 0 4 -.430 N/A
Stress
1826 21.43 1 21.18 1.16%
σ θ ( MPa )
Solid Y Normal
Stress
2221 21.43 2 21.76 1.53%
σ θ ( MPa )
Solid Y Normal
Stress
1 Axisym C1 Radial 21.43 3 21.39 0.19%
Stress
1 Axisym C1 Radial 21.43 4 21.58 0.70%
Stress
Units
SI
Material Properties
5
E = 2.0x10 Pa
ν = 0.30
Boundary Conditions
Constraints (sslv04a)
• Nodes 1-41, 452-492: Constrain in the X translation.
• Nodes 411-451, 862-902: Constrain in the Z translation.
Constraints (sslv04b)
• Nodes 1-61, 1038-1098, 2075-2135: Constrain in the X translation.
• Nodes 977-1037, 2014-2074, 3051-3111: Constrain in the Z translation.
Constraints (sslv04c)
• Nodes 1-41: Constrain in the Z translation.
Constraints (sslv04d)
• Nodes 1-81: Constrain in the Z translation.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
All results are averaged.
Solid X Normal
Stress
sslv04b Solid X Normal -60 977 -60.97 1.62%
Stress
sslv04c Axisymm C1 -60 616 -58.03 3.28%
Radial Stress
sslv04d Axisymm C1 -60 1831 -59.98 0.03%
Radial Stress
sslv04a 100 411 99.69 0.31%
σ θ ( MPa )
Solid Z Normal
Stress
sslv04b 100 977 100.98 0.98%
σ θ ( MPa )
Solid Z Normal
Stress
sslv04c Axisymm C1 Azi- 100 616 100.77 0.77%
muth Stress
sslv04d Axisymm C1 Azi- 100 1831 99.98 0.02%
muth Stress
sslv04a 80 411 79.35 0.81%
τ max ( MPa )
Solid X Normal
Stress
sslv04b Solid X Normal 0 1037 -.250 NA
Stress
sslv04c Axisymm C1 0 656 -.253 NA
Radial Stress
sslv04d Axisymm C1 0 1911 .002 NA
Radial Stress
sslv04a 40 451 39.70 0.75%
σ θ ( MPa )
Solid Z Normal
Stress
sslv04b Solid Z Normal 40 1037 40.25 0.62%
Stress
sslv04c Axisymm C1 Axi- 40 656 40.61 1.53%
muth Stress
sslv04d Axisymm C1 Axi- 40 1911 39.90 0.25%
muth Stress
sslv04a 20 451 20.10 0.50%
τ max ( MPa )
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLV04/89.
Prismatic Rod in Pure Bending
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• sslv08a.neu (Test 1, solid elements, linear tetrahedrons)
• sslv08b.neu (Test 2, solid elements, parabolic tetrahedrons)
• sslv08c.neu (Test 3, solid elements, linear bricks)
• sslv08d.neu (Test 4 solid elements, parabolic bricks)
This test is a linear statics analysis of a solid rod with bending. It provides the input data and
results for benchmark test SSLV08/89 from “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
5
E = 2.0x10 Pa
ν = 0.30
Boundary Conditions
Constraints (sslv08a)
• Nodes 29, 33: Constrain in the X and Z translations.
• Nodes 30-32, 34, 39, 40: Constrain in the Z translation.
• Node 57: Constrain in the X, Y, and Z translations.
Constraints (sslv08b)
• Nodes 127, 131: Constrain in the X and Z translations.
• Nodes 128-130, 132-146, 188-195: Constrain in the Z translation only.
• Node 187: Constrain in the X, Y, and Z translations.
Constraints (sslv08c)
• Nodes 1-4, 6-9: Constrain in the Z translation.
• Node 5: Constrain in the X, Y, and Z translations.
Constraints (sslv08d)
• Nodes 1-8, 10, 12, 14-21: Constrain in the Z translation.
• Nodes 9, 13: Constrain in the X translation.
• Nodes 11: Constrain in the X, Y, and Z translations.
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLV08/89.
Thick Plate Clamped at Edges
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• sslv09a10.neu (Test 1, parabolic brick, length/thickness =10)
• sslv09a20.neu (Test 1, parabolic brick, length/thickness =20)
• sslv09a50.neu (Test 1, parabolic brick, length/thickness =50)
• sslv09a75.neu (Test 1, parabolic brick, length/thickness =75)
• sslv09a100.neu (Test 1, parabolic brick, length/thickness =100)
• sslv09b10.neu (Test 2, linear plate, length/thickness =10)
• sslv09b20.neu (Test 2, linear plate, length/thickness =20)
• sslv09b50.neu (Test 2, linear plate, length/thickness =50)
• sslv09b75.neu (Test 2, linear plate, length/thickness =75)
• sslv09b100.neu (Test 2, linear plate, length/thickness =100)
This test is a linear statics analysis of a square thick plate with pressure and transverse bend-
ing. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SSLV09/89 from “Guide de vali-
dation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1x10 Pa
ν = 0.30
Boundary Conditions
Constraints – Test 1
• Fully constrain the nodes on edges AB, A’B’, AD, and A’D’ in all translations and rota-
tions.
• Constrain the nodes on edge BC and B’C’ in the X translation and Y and Z rotations.
• Constrain the corner nodes at C and C’ in all translations and rotations except for the Z
translation.
• Constrain the nodes on edge DC and D’C’ in the Y translation and X and Z rotations.
Constraints – Test 2
• Fully constrain the nodes on edges AB and AD in all translations and rotations.
• Constrain the nodes on edge BC in the X translation and Y and Z rotations.
• Constrain the corner nodes at C in all translations and rotations except for the Z transla-
tion.
• Constrain the nodes on edge DC in the Y translation and X and Z rotations.
Loads
• Load case 1:
Elemental pressure p = 1E6 Pascals in -Z direction
• Load case 2: Point C
Nodal force F = 2.5E5 N in -Z direction
Boundary conditions for Test 1:
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Length/
Node Reference FEMAP
File Name Thick- Load Case Analytical Difference
# FEM Structural
ness
sslv09a10 10 Pressure 242 -.6552E-4 -.76231E-4 -.735942E-4 12.32%
sslv09a10 10 Force 242 -.29146E-3 -.42995E-3 -.426662E-3 46.38%
sslv09a20 20 Pressure 242 -.52416E-3 -.53833E-3 -.523376E-3 0.15%
sslv09a20 20 Force 242 -.23317E-2 -.25352E-2 -.242500E-2 4.00%
sslv09a50 50 Pressure 242 -.81900E-2 -.80286E-2 -.778247E-2 4.98%
sslv09a50 50 Force 242 -.36433E-1 -.35738E-1 -.346276E-1 4.96%
sslv09a75 75 Pressure 242 -.27641E-1 -.26861E-1 -.259820E-1 6.00%
sslv09a75 75 Force 242 -.12296 -.11837 -.114411 6.95%
sslv09a100 100 Pressure 242 -.65520E-1 -.63389E-1 -.612191E-1 6.56%
sslv09a100 100 Force 242 -.29146 -.27794 -.268120 8.00%
Length/
Part Node Reference FEMAP
Thick- Load Case Analytical Difference
Name # FEM Structural
ness
sslv09b10 10 Pressure 1 -.6552E-4 -.78661E-4 -.797294E-4 21.69%
sslv09b10 10 Force 1 -.29146E-3 -.41087E-3 -.395973E-3 35.86%
sslv09b20 20 Pressure 36 -.52416E-3 -.55574E-3 -.564973E-3 8.69%
sslv09b20 20 Force 36 -.23317E-2 -.25946E-2 -.260199E-2 11.59%
sslv09b50 50 Pressure 36 -.81900E-2 -.83480E-2 -.849953E-2 3.78%
sslv09b50 50 Force 36 -.36433E-1 -.37454E-1 -.381471E-1 4.70%
sslv09b75 75 Pressure 36 -.27641E-1 -.28053E-1 -.285676E-1 3.35%
sslv09b75 75 Force 36 -.12296 -.12525 -.127845 3.97%
sslv09b10 100 Pressure 1 -.65520E-1 -.66390E-1 -.676175E-1 3.20%
0
sslv09b10 100 Force 1 -.29146 -.29579 -.302292 3.72%
0
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SSLV09/89.
Mechanical Structures - Normal
Modes/Eigenvalue Analysis
The normal modes/eigevanlues test cases from the Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens
include:
• "Lumped Mass-Spring System"
• "Short Beam on Simple Supports"
• "Axial Loading on a Rod"
• "Thin Circular Ring"
• "Cantilever Beam with a Variable Rectangular Section"
• "Thin Circular Ring Clamped at Two Points"
• "Vibration Modes of a Thin Pipe Elbow"
• "Cantilever Beam with Eccentric Lumped Mass"
• "Thin Square Plate (Clamped or Free)"
• "Simply-Supported Rectangular Plate"
• "Thin Ring Plate Clamped on a Hub"
• "Vane of a Compressor - Clamped-free Thin Shell"
• "Bending of a Symmetric Truss"
• "Hovgaard’s Problem - Pipes with Flexible Elbows"
• "Rectangular Plates"
Lumped Mass-Spring System
The complete model and results for this test case are in file sdld02.neu.
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis of an elastic link with lumped mass. It pro-
vides the input data and results for benchmark test SDLD02/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
Spring constant
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain all the nodes (1-8) in all translations and rotations except for the X translation.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results
The mode shapes results are exact. The multiplication coefficient is 0.4642 for mode 1 and -
0.4642 for mode 8.
Frequency Results:
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
1 5.5274 5.5274 0.00%
2 10.8868 10.8868 0.00%
3 15.9155 15.9155 0.00%
4 20.4606 20.4606 0.00%
5 24.3840 24.3840 0.00%
6 27.5664 27.5664 0.00%
7 29.9113 29.9113 0.00%
8 31.3474 31.3474 0.00%
Normal Bench
Point FEMAP Structural
Mode Value
1 P1 0.1612 0.3473
1 P2 0.3030 0.6527
1 P3 0.4082 0.8794
1 P4 0.4642 1.0000
1 P5 0.4642 1.0000
1 P6 0.4082 0.8794
1 P7 0.3030 0.6527
1 P8 0.1612 0.3473
8 P1 0.1612 -0.3473
8 P2 -0.3030 0.6527
8 P3 0.4082 -0.8794
8 P4 -0.4642 1.0000
8 P5 0.4642 -1.0000
8 P6 -0.4082 0.8794
8 P7 0.3030 -0.6527
8 P8 -0.1612 0.3473
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLD02/89, p. 178.
Short Beam on Simple Supports
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• sdll01a.neu
• sdll01b.neu
This test is a modal analysis of a straight short beam with simple supports both inline and off-
set. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SDLL01/89 from “Guide de vali-
dation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 7800 ------3-
m
Problem 1 (sdll01a)
• 10 bar elements
• 11 nodes
Problem 2 (sdll01b)
• 10 bar elements
• 2 rigid elements (master node 4 to slave node 2; master node 3 to slave node 1)
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Node 1: Constrain in all directions and rotations, except the Z rotation.
• Node 2: Constrain in all directions and rotations, except for the X translation and Z rota-
tion.
• Constrain all other nodes in the Z translation and the X and Y rotations.
Loads
• no load case
The boundary conditions for both problems are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI method
Results
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
Bending 1 431.555 431.555 0.03%
Tension 1 1265.924 1267.226 0.10%
Bending 2 1498.295 1503.171 0.33%
Bending 3 2870.661 2904.096 1.16%
Tension 2 3797.773 3833.003 0.93%
Bending 4 4377.837 4493.912 2.65%
Bench
Mode FEMAP Structural
Value Difference
number (Hz)
(Hz)
1 392.8 394.3 0.38%
2 902.2 922.4 2.24%
3 1591.9 1641.0 3.08%
4 2629.2 2800.0 6.50%
5 3126.2 3291.2 5.28%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLL01/89.
Axial Loading on a Rod
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following file:
• sdll05a.neu
• sdll05b.neu
This test is a modal analysis of a simply–supported beam with stress stiffening. It provides the
input data and results for benchmark test SDLL05/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2x10 Pa
kg
ρ = 7800 --------
m3
Boundary Conditions
Problem 1 (sdll05a):
• Node 1: Leave the Z rotation free and constrain the node in all other translations and
rotations.
• Node 2 : Leave the X translation and Z rotation free and constrain in all other translations
and rotations.
Problem 2 (sdll05b):
• Node 1: Leave the Z rotation free and constrain the node in all other translations and
rotations.
• Node 2: Leave the X translation and Z rotation free and constrain the node in all other
translations and rotations.
• Load Set 1 (node 2): Define a nodal force = to 1E5N in the -X direction. Ensure that
Stress Stiffening is turned on in the analysis set.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results
Frequency Results:
Bench FEMAP
Normal
Value Structural Difference
Mode
(Hz) (Hz)
sdll05a Mode 1 28.702 28.672 0.10%
sdll05a Mode 3 114.807 114.351 0.40%
sdll05b Mode 1 22.434 22.399 0.16%
sdll05b Mode 3 109.080 108.61 0.43%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLL05/89.
Cantilever Beam with a Variable
Rectangular Section
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following file: sdll09a.neu
This test is a modal analysis of a straight cantilever beam with a variable section. It provides
the input data and results for benchmark test SDLL09/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
b0
b0
β = ------
b1
b1
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2x10 Pa
kg
ρ = 7800 --------
m3
Boundary Conditions
• Constrain node 1 in all directions.
• Constrain all other nodes in the Z translation and X and Y rotations only.
• no load case
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results
Frequency Results
Bench FEMAP
Normal
Value Structural Difference
β Mode
(Hz) (Hz)
4 1 54.18 54.13 0.09%
2 171.94 171.36 0.34%
3 384.40 381.70 0.70%
4 697.24 688.89 1.20%
5 1112.28 1092.92 1.74%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLL09/89.
Thin Circular Ring
The complete model and results for this test case are in file sdll11.neu.
This test is a modal analysis of a thin curved beam. It provides the input data and results for
benchmark test SDLL11/89 from “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
10
E = 7.2x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 2700 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Unconstrained (free) conditions
• Create 1 constraint set (Kinematic DOF set) to fully constrain the 3 nodes shown below
(nodes 7, 21, 30).
Loads
• no load case
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results
Frequency Results
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
Modes 1-6 0 0 0.00%
Modes 7, 8 318.36 318.99 0.20%
Modes 9, 10 511 508 0.59%
Modes 11, 12 900.46 900.19 0.03%
Modes 13, 14 1590 1569 1.32%
Units
SI
Material Properties
10
E = 7.2x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 2700 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
• Points A and B (nodes 1 and 2): Fully constrained in all directions
• All other nodes: Constrained the Z translation and X and Y rotations only.
• no load case
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results
Frequency Results
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
1 235.3 235.9 0.25%
2 575.3 575.1 0.03%
3 1105.7 1102.7 0.27%
4 1405.6 1398.0 0.54%
5 1751.1 1740.8 0.59%
6 2557.0 2536.6 0.80%
7 2801.5 2723.0 2.80%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLL12/89.
Vibration Modes of a Thin Pipe
Elbow
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• sdll014a.neu
• sdll014b.neu
• sdll014c.neu
This test is a modal analysis of a straight cantilever beam, and a thin curved beam. It provides
the input data and results for benchmark test SDLL14/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
C A
L
B
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 7800 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
Problem 1 (sdll14a):
• Fully constrain points C and D (nodes 1 and 2) in all translations and rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
L Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
0 1 44.23 44.11 0.27%
2 119 119 0.00%
3 125 126 0.80%
4 227 225 0.88%
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
L Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
0.6 1 33.4 33.3 0.30%
2 94 94 0.00%
3 100 99 1.00%
4 180 184 2.22%
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
L Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
2 1 17.9 17.7 1.12%
2 24.8 24.4 1.61%
3 25.3 24.9 1.58%
4 27 26.67 0.01%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLL14/89.
Cantilever Beam with Eccentric
Lumped Mass
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• sdll15a.neu
• sdll15b.neu
This test is a modal analysis of a straight cantilever beam and a mass element. It provides the
input data and results for benchmark test SDLL15/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1x10 Pa
kg
ρ = 7800 ------3-
m
Problem 1 (sdll15a)
• 10 bar elements
• 1 mass element at point B
• 11 nodes
B
Problem 2 (sdll15b)
• 10 bar elements
• 1 rigid element from point B to point C
• 1 mass element at point C
• 12 nodes
Boundary Conditions
Constraints:
• Fully constrain point A (node 1) in all translations and rotations.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI
Results
Frequency Results:
Bench FEMAP
Normal
yc Value Structural Difference
Mode
(Hz) (Hz)
0 1,2 1.65 1.65 0.00%
3,4 16.07 15.91 1.00%
5,6 50.02 48.75 2.54%
7 76.47 76.48 0.01%
8 80.47 80.84 0.46%
9,10 103.20 98.53 4.53%
1 1 1.636 1.635 0.06%
2 1.642 1.640 0.12%
3 13.46 13.37 0.67%
4 13.59 13.52 0.52%
5 28.90 28.68 0.76%
6 31.96 31.54 1.31%
7 61.61 59.97 2.66%
8 63.93 61.82 3.30%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLL15/89.
Thin Square Plate (Clamped or
Free)
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• sdls01a.neu
• sdls01b.neu
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis (three–dimensional problem) of a thin plate.
It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SDLS01/89 from “Guide de valida-
tion des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 7800 ------3-
m
B C
Boundary Conditions
• Problem 1 (sdls01a): Constrain the nodes along side BC in all translations and rotations.
• Problem 2 (sdls01b) : Free plate; Create a constraint set (Kinematic DOF set) to con-
strain the three nodes shown below (nodes 1, 11, and 111) in all translations and rota-
tions.
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLS01/89.
Simply-Supported Rectangular
Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in file sdls03.neu.
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis (three–dimensional problem) of a thin plate.
It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SDLS03/89 from “Guide de valida-
tion des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 7800 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
• Constrain the Z translation of the nodes on all sides of the plate.
• Create a constraint set to define the Master (ASET) DOFs on nodes 47, 55, 119. Con-
strain these nodes in all directions except for the Z translation.
• no load case
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results
Frequency Results:
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
4 35.63 35.21 1.18%
5 68.51 67.21 1.90%
6 109.62 108.96 0.60%
7 123.32 121.13 1.78%
8 142.51 138.30 2.95%
9 197.32 187.94 4.75%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLS03/89.
Thin Ring Plate Clamped on a Hub
The complete model and results for this test case are in file sdls04.neu.
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis (three–dimensional problem) of an annular
thin plate. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SDLS04/89 from “Guide
de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 7800 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain all the nodes on the inner ring as shown below.
Loads
• no load case
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI
Results
Frequency Results:
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.0685x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 7857.2 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
Fully constrain the nodes on one side as shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI method
Results
Frequency Results:
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1x10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 7800 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Fully constrain nodes 1 and 4 in all translations and rotations.
• Constrain nodes 2-3 and 5-24 in the Z translation and X and Y rotations.
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue – SVI
Results
Frequency Results:
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
1 8.8 8.8 0.00%
2 29.4 29.4 0.00%
3 43.8 43.8 0.00%
4 56.3 56.3 0.00%
5 96.2 96.2 0.00%
6 102.6 102.7 0.10%
7 147.1 147.4 0.20%
8 174.8 175.3 0.29%
9 178.8 179.3 0.28%
Material Properties
11
E = 1.658x· 10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 13404.106 ------3-
m
Units
SI
Boundary Conditions
• Fully constrain nodes 1 and 6 in all translations and rotations.
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI
Results
Frequency Results:
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
1 10.18 10.40 2.16%
2 19.54 19.87 1.69%
3 25.47 25.36 0.43%
4 48.09 47.71 0.79%
5 52.86 51.80 2.01%
6 75.94 82.84 9.09%
7 80.11 85.20 6.35%
8 122.34 125.53 2.61%
9 123.15 127.64 3.65%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLX02/89.
Rectangular Plates
The complete model and results for this test case are in file sdlx03.neu.
This test is a normal modes/eigenvalue analysis (three–dimensional problem) of a thin plate
with rigid body modes. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test SDLX03/89
from “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 2.1x· 10 Pa
ν = 0.3
kg
ρ = 7800 ------3-
m
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constraint Set 1 (Kinematic DOF Set): Fully constrain nodes 2, 69, and 84 in all transla-
tions and rotations.
The boundary conditions are shown in the following figure:
Solution Type
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue - SVI
Results
Frequency Results:
Bench
Normal FEMAP Structural
Value Difference
Mode (Hz)
(Hz)
7 584 586 0.34%
8 826 824 0.24%
9 855 854 0.11%
10 911 904 0.76%
11 1113 1072 3.68%
12 1136 1140 0.35%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. SDLX03/89.
Stationary Thermal Tests - Steady
State Heat Transfer Analysis
The stationary thermal test cases for steady-state heat transfer analysis from the Societe
Francaise des Mecaniciens include:
• "Hollow Cylinder - Fixed Temperatures"
• "Hollow Cylinder - Convection"
• "Cylindrical Rod - Flux Density"
• "Hollow Cylinder with Two Materials - Convection"
• "Wall - Fixed Temperatures"
• "Wall - Convection"
• "Hollow Sphere - Fixed Temperatures, Convection"
• "L-Plate"
• "Hollow Sphere with Two Materials -Convection"
Hollow Cylinder - Fixed Tempera-
tures
The complete model and results for this test case are in file htpla01.neu.
This test is a steady–state heat transfer analysis of a 2D axisymmetric cylinder with fixed tem-
peratures. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test TPLA01/89 from “Guide
de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
W
λ = 1 ----- °C
m
Boundary Conditions
• One temperature set:
Internal temperature
Ti = 100°C
External temperature
Te = 20°C
Solution Type
Steady–State Heat Transfer
Results
FEMAP FEMAP
Radius Bench
Structural Structural
(m) Value
5 linear quads. 5 parabolic quads.
0.30 1729.91 1701.69 1701.70
0.31 1674.11 1674.68 1674.69
0.32 1621.79 1622.32 1622.32
0.33 1572.64 1573.13 1573.13
0.34 1526.39 1526.84 1526.83
0.35 1482.78 1504.39 1504.38
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. TPLA01/89.
Hollow Cylinder - Convection
The complete model and results for this test case are in file htpla03.neu.
This test is a steady–state heat transfer analysis of a 2D axisymmetric cylinder with convec-
tion. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test TPLA03/89 from “Guide de val-
idation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
W
λ = 40 ----- °C
m
Boundary Conditions
Elemental Convection
• Convection on internal surface (nodes 3, 14, 16):
W
hi = 150.0 ------2- °C
m
Ti = 500°C
Ti = 20°C
Solution Type
Steady–State Heat Transfer
Results
Temperature FEMAP
FEMAP FEMAP
and Bench Structural
Structural Structural
Element Total Value 2 parabolic
10 linear quads. 2 linear quads.
Heat Flux quads.
Ti (°C) 272.27 272.35 272.17 272.35
ϕi ------2-
W
m
26276.90 26508.40 27824.15 27853.8
ϕe ------2-
W
m
ϕ
--- = ϕ2πR
L
So:
ϕ W
--- = 34173.82 ⋅ 2 ⋅ π ⋅ 0.300 = 64416.13 -----
L m
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. TPLA03/89.
Cylindrical Rod - Flux Density
The complete model and results for this test case are in file htpla05.neu.
This test is a steady–state heat transfer analysis of a 2D axisymmetric rod with fixed tempera-
tures and flux density. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test TPLA05/89
from “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
W
λ = 33.33 ----- °C
m
Boundary Conditions
Nodal Temperatures
• z = 0 (nodes 1 and 3):
Solution Type
Steady–State Heat Transfer
Results
Bench FEMAP
Node # z (m) Difference
Value Structural
Node 3 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Node 41 0.1 -4.00 -4.02 0.50%
Node 39 0.2 4.00 3.98 0.50%
Node 37 0.3 24.00 23.97 0.13%
Node 35 0.4 56.00 55.97 0.05%
Node 33 0.5 100.00 99.97 0.03%
Node 31 0.6 156.00 155.97 0.02%
Node 29 0.7 224.00 223.97 ~0.00%
Node 27 0.8 304.00 303.98 ~0.00%
Node 25 0.9 396.00 395.98 0.01%
Node 4 1.0 500.00 500.00 0.00%
Results are post–processed on the internal surface.
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. TPLA05/89.
Hollow Cylinder with Two Materials
- Convection
The complete model and results for this test case are in file htpla08.neu.
This test is a steady–state heat transfer analysis of a 2D axisymmetric cylinder with two mate-
rials and convection. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test TPLA08/89
from “Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
• Material 1:
W
λ 1 = 40.0 ----- °C
m
• Material 2:
W
λ 2 = 20.0 ----- °C
m
Boundary Conditions
Elemental Convection
• Convection on internal surface:
W
hi = 150.0 ------2- °C
m
Ti = 70°C
Ti = ( – 15° )C
Solution Type
Steady–State Heat Transfer
Results
Temperature/
Bench FEMAP
Node # Element X Heat Difference
Value Structural
Flux
Node 9 Ti (°C) 25.42 25.42 0.00%
Node 14 Tm (°C) 17.69 17.69 0.00%
Node 16 Te (°C) 12.11 12.11 0.00%
Node 9 6687.44 6577.88 1.64%
ϕi ------2-
W
m
Node 14 5732.09 5733.33 0.02%
ϕm ------2-
W
m
Node 16 5422.25 5496.59 1.37%
ϕe ------2-
W
m
ϕ
--- = ϕ2πR
L
So:
ϕ W
--- = 5733.33 ⋅ 2 ⋅ π ⋅ 0.35 = 12608.25 -----
L m
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. TPLA08/89.
Wall - Convection
The complete model and results for this test case are in file htpl03.neu.
This test is a steady–state heat transfer analysis of a 1D wall with fixed convection. It provides
the input data and results for benchmark test TPLL03/89 from “Guide de validation des
progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
W
λ = 1.0 ----- °C
m
Boundary Conditions
Elemental Convection
• Convection on internal surface:
W
hA = 20.0 ------2- °C
m
TA = – 20.0°C
W
hB = 10.0 ------2- °C
m
TB = 500°C
B
A
Solution Type
Steady–State Heat Transfer
Results
Units
SI
Material Properties
W
λ = 0.75 ----- °C
m
Boundary Conditions
Nodal Temperatures
• Internal temperature
Ti = 100°C ( node 1 )
• External temperature
Te = 20°C ( node 6 )
Solution Type
Steady–State Heat Transfer
Results
Length: Bench
Node # FEMAP Structural Difference
x (m) Value
Node 1 0.00 100.0 100.0 0.00%
Node 2 0.01 84.0 84.0 0.00%
Node 3 0.02 68.0 68.0 0.00%
Node 4 0.03 52.0 52.0 0.00%
Node 5 0.04 36.0 36.0 0.00%
Node 6 0.05 20.0 20.0 0.00%
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. TPLL01/89.
L-Plate
The complete model and results for this test case are in the following files:
• htpp01a.neu (linear quadrilateral)
• htpp01b.neu (parabolic quadrilateral)
This test is a steady–state heat transfer analysis of a 2D L–plate with fixed temperatures. It
provides the input data and results for benchmark test TPLP01/89 from “Guide de validation
des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
W
λ = 1.0 ----- °C
m
Boundary Conditions
Nodal Temperatures
• AF side:
• DE side:
F E
C D
A B
Solution Type
Steady–State Heat Transfer
Results
FEMAP
FEMAP
% Structural %
Node Bench Values Structural
Difference parabolic Difference
linear quads.
quads.
8 7.869 7.861 1.10 7.883 0.18
9 5.495 5.502 0.13 5.519 0.43
10 2.816 2.845 1.03 2.834 0.64
Units
SI
Material Properties
W
λ = 1.0 ----- °C
m
Boundary Conditions
Elemental Convection
• Convection on internal surface:
W
hi = 30 ------2- °C
m
Ti = 100°C(elements 401-500)
Nodal Temperature
• Set external surface temperature
Te to 20°C(nodes 1-111)
Solution Type
Steady–State Heat Transfer
Results
Units
SI
Material Properties
• Material 1:
W
λ 1 = 40.0 ----- °C
m
• Material 2:
W
λ 2 = 20.0 ----- °C
m
Boundary Conditions
Elemental Convection
• Convection on internal surface:
W
hi = 150.0 ------2- °C
m
Ti = 70°C
W
he = 200.0 ------2- °C
m
Te = ( – 9° )C
Solution Type
Steady–State Heat Transfer
Results
FEMAP FEMAP
FEMAP
Structural Structural
Bench Structural
Temperature parabolic axisymmetric
Value linear brick
tetrahedron solid
(htpv04a)
(htpv04b) (htpv04c)
Ti (C°) 25.06 N1 25.03 N19 25.06 N2 25.01
Tm (C°) 17.84 N556 17.84 N9 17.84 N6 17.75
Te (C°) 13.16 N778 13.18 N5 13.15 N5 13.17
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. TPLV04/89.
Thermo-mechanical Test - Linear
Statics Analysis
The stationary thermal-mechanical test cases for linear statics analysis from the Societe
Francaise des Mecaniciens include:
• "Thermal Gradient on a Thin Pipe"
Thermal Gradient on a Thin Pipe
The complete model and results for this test case are in file hsla01.neu.
This test is a thermo–mechanical linear statics analysis of a thin pipe with thermal gradient
and plane strain. It provides the input data and results for benchmark test HSLA01/89 from
“Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de structures.”
Units
SI
Material Properties
11
E = 1x· 10 Pa
ν = 0.3
–5
10
Coefficient of expansion: α = 1x -----------
C°
Boundary Conditions
Constraints
• Constrain nodes 1-11 in the X and Z translations.
Nodal Temperature
• Radial temperature
( 1 – ( r – Ri ) )
T = Ti ⋅ -------------------------------- with Ti=100°C
( Re – Ri )
Solution Type
Statics
Results
Bench FEMAP
Point Stress Difference
Value Structural
r = Ri 0 -0.85E6
σ r ( Pa )
r=Re 0 -0.65E6
σ r ( Pa )
Post Processing
Value
Definition
Value
Definition
Reference
• Societe Francaise des Mecaniciens, Guide de validation des progiciels de calcul de
structures, (Paris, Afnor Technique,1990.) Test No. HSLA01/89.
nf053pl.neu 182 140, 148, 152, 156, 161, 210, 212, 215,
nf071a.neu 101 218, 221, 225, 229, 232, 236, 239, 242,
nf071b.neu 101 247, 251, 279, 311, 314, 317, 320, 328,
nf071c.neu 101 344, 350
nf072ac.neu 186 plate elements 144
nf072al.neu 186 Pressure 53, 221, 229, 268
nf072bc.neu 186 Prismatic rod 274
nf072bl.neu 186 Pure bending 27, 274
nf073ac.neu 156 Pure tension 24, 255
nf073al.neu 156 R
nf073bc.neu 156 Rectangular plates 328
nf073bl.neu 156 Rhombic plate 121, 136
nf073cc.neu 156 Rhomboid plate 247
nf073cl.neu 156 Rigid elements 65, 194
nf073dc.neu 156 Rod elements 201
nf073dl.neu 156 S
nf074c.neu 161 sdld02.neu 285
nf074l.neu 161 sdll014a.neu 303
Nodal loads 4, 201 sdll014b.neu 303
Normal Modes/Eigenvalue 65, 68, 71, sdll014c.neu 303
76, 78, 83, 92, 95, 98, 101, 105, 108, sdll01a.neu 288
114, 117, 121, 124, 129, 133, 136, 140, sdll01b.neu 288
144, 148, 152, 156, 161, 165, 168, 171, sdll05a.neu 291
174, 178, 182, 186, 285, 291, 294, 297, sdll05b.neu 291
300, 303, 307, 311, 314, 317, 320, 323, sdll09a.neu 294
326, 328 sdll11.neu 297
O sdll12.neu 300
Off-center point masses 92 sdll15a.neu 307
Out-of-plane vibration 98 sdll15b.neu 307
P sdls01a.neu 311
Patch test 39, 42 sdls01b.neu 311
Pinched cylindrical shell 236 sdls03.neu 314
Pin-ended cross 83 sdls04.neu 317
Pipes 326 sdls05a.neu 320
Plane bending 199, 210 sdls05b.neu 320
Plane strain elements 34 sdlx01.neu 323
Plane truss 203 sdlx02.neu 326
Plate elements 34, 39, 42, 44, 49, 105, sdlx03.neu 328
108, 114, 117, 121, 124, 129, 133, 136, Shear loading 251