An Introduction to

Shi'i Law
a bibliographical study

Hossein Modarressi Tabataba'i

An Introduction to
shr6rL ~ W
a bibliographical study

Ithaea Press London 1984

0 Hossein Modarressi Tabitabi'i
ISBN 0 86372 015 3
First published in 1984 by
Ithaca Press 13 Southwark Street
Typeset by Barbara Daykin Gloucester
Printed & bound in Great Britain by
Biddles Ltd Guildford & King's Lynn
FOREWORD
London SEl 1RQ The Shi'i legal system, which is one of the two major divisions of Islamic
law, is a developed integrated system with a long continuous tradition of
innovation. As the system has always been open to new ideas, and as
criticism and original contributions were welcome and encouraged, it grew
into and continues to grow as a developed, thriving body of legal thought.
Many S h i ' i jurists in the past were at the same time outstanding philo-
sophers, and through them many elements from Islamic logic and philo-
sophy were introduced into, and discussed in, S h i ' i law and jurisprudence.
This process resulted, on the one hand, in the appearance of new and
highly meticulous legal analyses in S h i ' i law and jurisprudence, and con-
tributed, on the other hand, to the development of Islamic logic and
philosophy. S h i ' i legal works, and in particular thosc of the last two
centuries a r e , therefore, of significant value not only for their legal
analyses but also for thleir evaluation and criticism of certain traditional
points of view in logic and philosophy as studied in thc Islamic world.
The intention of this work is to give the general outlines of S h i ' i law.
It is arranged in two parts. In the first part a short description is given
of the contents of S h i c i law and jurisprudence, together with a brief
discussion of its historical development. In the second p a r t , a list of
some Shi'i comprehensive legal works and monographs is given to provide
students of this legal system with essential information about references
that should be consulted in any serious study of this subject.
The author would like to thank Professor W . Madelung, Professor
A . K . S. Lambton and Mr. Albert Hourani who read the first part of this
work and offered valuable suggestions for its improvement.
 CONTENTS

Abbreviations

Transliteration

P A R T ONE

GENERAL S T R U C T U R E OF s ~ i 'LAW
i 1

Chrpter o n e : THE s ~ i ' LEGAL

i SYSTEM AND ITS SOURCES 2

C h a p t e r Two : GENERAL REMARKS ON SHf'f JURISPURDENCE 7

Chapter Three : T H E OUTLINES O F SHT-7 LAW 13

Chapter Four : THE PERIODS O F S H i ' i LAW 23

PART TWO

MAIN WORKS ON S H ? " ~LAW

Chap'ter Five : SOME COMPREHENSIVE WORKS

A S y s t e m a t i c Legal Works

B Collections of FotwZs

C Miscellaneous Works

Chapter Six : SOME MONOGRAPHS

A General

B On A c t s of Devotion

C On Contracts

D On Unilateral Obligations

E On 'Rules1

BIBLIOGRAPHY

INDEX
 ABBREVIATIONS

9 = hijr? qomor7
sh = hijrT shams?

klK = kitCb

cat. : t h e catalogue of t h e l i b r a r y concerned

AB = AghZ B u z u r g , 01-DharT'a ilC ta~CnTf01-ShT'a

Fl = Encyclopoedio of Islam (second edition)

Nosh. = Nashriyya-yi KitCbkhCno-yi Morkazi-yi DCnishgCh-i Tehran

d a r bCra-yi nuskhohCy-i k h o t t 7

References in footnotes a r e given b y a u t h o r s a n d , if n e c e s s a r y , b y a

s h o r t title of thc work. The full titles a r e t o b e Sound in i h e bibliography
u n d e r t h e a u t h o r ' s name o r u n d e r t h e s h o r t title i l the work i s anonymous.
Likewise t h e libraries a r c r e f e r r e d in t h e second p a r t b y a s h o r t title a n d
t h e full names a n d details of their catalogues a r e l o be found in t h e
bibliography.

TRANSLITERATION

The system u s e d m t h e Encyclopaedia of Islam h a s been a d o p l c d , wlth t h e

following exceptions:
c 1

19 9

E ch

There a r e two more points t o bc noted h e r e :

( 1 ) For well-known geographical names t h e common spellings h a v e been
preferred.
(2) The definite article h a s been omitted from t h e beginning of t h e names
in all references in t h e footnotes, except where i t i s followed b y an
adjective with t h e article.
 Part One
General Structure of Shi'iLaw

Chapter One
THE S H ? ' ~LEGAL SYSTEM AND ITS SOURCES
As a doctrinal system, Shi'ism represents a particular tendency of Islam
shaped by a chain of theologico-historical analyses. The YadTth al-
Thaqaloyn, a tradition which was handed down by both Shi'is and Sunnis
from the Prophet, according to which the Prophet called on Muslims to
follow the Qur'an and his own Family aftcr him,' was, along with a number
of other traditions, the root and original source of this tendency which
was later strengthened by further theologico-philosophical and historical
reasonings.
In religious matters, Shi'ism has generally based its views on the
instructions of prominent members (Imams) of the Prophet's family. The
main difference between Sunni and Shi'i legal schools is the manner in
which they received the Prophet's Tradition and in their legal sources.
Whereas Sunnis received Tradition as transmitted by the Prophet's com-
panions, Shi'is received it through his Family. In another respect,
whereas Sunni legal schools follow the juridical opinions of some juris-
consults of Medina and Iraq, Shi'is Follow the opinions of their Imams, who
were descendants of the Prophet. The Twclver Shi'a which is now the
See Ibn Sa'd, 11, p . 194; Abmad, 111, pp. 14, 17, 59, I V , p . 371,
V, p p . 181-2; Muslim, 11, pp. 237-8; Tirmidhi, 11, pp. 219-20; Nasa'i,
p . 93; Darimi, 11, p 310; Bayhaqi, 11, p . 148, VII, p . 30, X , p . 113;
Bakim, 111, pp. 109-10, 533; Khatib, 111, p p . 255, 258; TabZwi, 11, p .
307, I V , p . 368; Mundhiri, 11, p . 199; Tabarini, I , p p . 131, 135; al-
uakim alF'l'irmidhi, p p . 68-9; Baghawi, V , pp. 593, 600; Ibn al-Athir,
I , p. 187; Ibn al-Turkumani, VII, p . 31; Qasjalini, VII, pp. 4-8;
Haythami, I X , pp. 164-5; 'Asqalani, IV, p . 6 5 ; Ibn 'Asakir, I , p. 45;
Maqrizi, p . 38; SuyGti, Ibya', pp. 11-30; Muttaqi, X V , p p . 91, 122-3.
Independent works are written about this tradition, among them a
treatise by Qawiim al-Din al-Wishnawi (YodTth 01-Thaqoloyn, Cairo,
1374q). Mir Barnid Fusayn al-Laknawi devoted a whole volume of his
'Aboqiil a/-anwiir to the chains of authority of this tradition (see the
Arabic translation of this book, Vol. I , in which the tradition is quoted
from approximately two hundred Sunni sources).
See for instance Sharaf al-Din, pp. 42-51, 130-227.
THE SHT'T LEGAL SYSTEM AND ITS SOURCES 3
prevalent Shi'i school, follow the opinions of their twelve Imams, espec-
ially the sixth, AbG 'Abd Allah Ja'far b . Mubarnmad al-sadiq, and for this
reason their legal school is also known a s Ja'farT.
***
The Q u r ' i n , Tradition (sunno), the consensus of the Shi'i jurists
(ijmii') and reason ('oq1)l form the sources of Shi'i law.
The Q u r ' i n , in its apparent literal sense, has shaped the spirit and
foundation of S h i ' i law.
The Tradition, i . e . the statements, deeds and tacit consent of the
Prophet and the Imams, must be handed down be reliable narrators. In
respect to this reliability, the doctrinal views of the transmitters are con-
sidered irrelevant. A tradition handed down by a reliable non-Shi'i is
viewed as sound and acceptable just as one transmitted by a veracious
Sh i 'i .
IjrnZ', i . e . the unanimity of the views of all S h i ' i jurists on a certain
legal question, is not a source on its own, but it can become a means
through which the opinions of the Imams may be discovered. This function
The most
of ijmii' has been explained in various ways, up to twelve.
popular among these in contemporary Shi'i law holds that since ijrnii'
is the unanimity of the views of 'all' S h i ' i scholars, it naturally includes
the views of those scholars who lived in the time of the Imams or the
period quite close to it. Many of these were close companions of the
The consensus of these
ImSms and knew their opinions quite thoroughly.
very early jurists, most of whom were absolute followers of the Imams,
normally demonstrates the view of the Imams.
By 'reason1 as a source"or S h i ' i law is meant categorical judgments
The common sources of the four Sunni legal schools are: the Qur'an,
Tradition, ijmii' and qiyiis. Opinions differ about a number of other
sources which have been added by some of the schools to those four.
IjrnZ' is a source on its own in the Sunni legal system. Qiyiis is the applic-
ation of the precept of a certain legal case to a similar one through ana-
logical reasoning. The S h i ' i s maintain that such an application is possible
only where there is a basic common denominator between the two cases
inasmuch as one can be certain that the same reason which is behind the
precept in the original case, covers the other case as well (see Karaki,
Tor7q istinbiir a/-abkijm, p . 17).
It should be noted that these are the sources of the predominant
UzClT school of S h i ' i law. The A k h b S school resorted only to Tradition.
The earliest legal work in which the four sources above are mentioned with
the same order is Ibn I d r i s al-villi's 01-Sarii'ir, p . 3. The early S h i ' i
u$Cl works did not usually mention reason as a source of law. See further
Muvaffar, 11, p . 122.
See Muvaffar, 11, p . 107.
9 s will be explained later, reason, in S h i ' i law, is also employed as

4 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW
drawn from both pure and practical reason. A clear instance is the judg-
ment of practical reason that justice i s good and injustice is evil. In
S h i ' i u$Gl al-fiqh there i s a principle which states that whatever i s
ordered by reason, is also ordered by religion (kull mii bakam bih a l ' a q l ,
hakam bib 01-shar'). In accordance with this principle, which i s known a s
the 'rule of correlation ' (qii'idat 01-muliiramo), religious rules may be
inferred from the sole verdict of reason. The correlation between the
obligatoriness of an act and the obligatoriness of its prerequisites (muqad-
damot 01-wiijib), or between prescribing something and prohibiting i t s
opposite (mas 'alat 01-(iidd), o r , the impossibility of combining command and
prohibition in a single case from a single standpoint (ijtimii' al-amr wa'l-
n a h y ) , are all rational precepts in the methodology of S h i ' i law and
sources based on pure reason in the juridical efforts to discover legal
rules.
***
Thc traditions handed down from the Prophet and ImZms, which con-
stitute the most important source for S h i ' i law, are assembled in special
collections. The most renowned of these, which a r e the usual reference
works for jurists, are the following:
1. K. 01-Ko%, by A b t J a ' f a r Mubammad b . Ya'qtb al-Kulayni
( d . 3291941)
2.
K . Man 1; Yabduruh al-faqTh, by Mubammad b . 'Ali b . BZbawayh
al-Qummi, known a s al-Sadiiq ( d . 3811991-2)
3. TahdhTb al-abkiim, by Mubarnmad b . JJasan al-TEsi, Shaykh al-
Ti'ifa ( d . 46011067)
4. al-lstib$iir, by Mubammad b . @asan al-TGsi
the means for thinking, in which sense it simply means rational argument.
This sense of reason i s described in the traditions of the Imams a s the
only means to discovcr realities (see Karijaki, p . 70).
See Mubaqqiq, Mu'tabar, p . 6; Shahid I , Dhikrt, p . 5; idem,
Qawb'id, p . 25; Miqdid, TanqTb, fols. 2b-3a; Qibib al-Madirik, Hidiiyot
al-liilibii? , fols. 2b-3a; Q a l i f i , Kashf ol-fawb'id, p . 130.
Mubarnmad B'aqir al-Sadr maintains that 'reason' i s a potential rather
than an actual source for S h i ' i law. He says that although, according
to the methodology of S h i ' i law, reason can on i t s own discover an injuric-
tion and guide toward a certain religious precept, this has never been
actualized in practice and all religious commands which can be discovered
through the categorical verdicts derived from reason are to be found in
t h e Qur 'an and Tradition (Mubammad Biqir al-Sadr , Fatiiwii, I , p . 98).
This i s because the traditions indicate duties in particular cascs with
details, whereas the Qur'Zn usually has general rules.
THE S I I ~ LEGAL
'~ SYSTEM AND ITS SOURCES 5
5. a/-WrSfT, by Mubammad b . Murla(li al-Kishani , known a s Mubsin
al-Fayg ( d . 109111680)
6. WosF'il al-ShT'a, by Mubammad b . Basan al-Ijurr albST\mili ( d . 11041
1693)
7. Bibtr ol-an wtr , by Muhammad B i q i r b . Mubarnmad Taqi al-Majlisi
( d . 111011699)
8. Mustodrok a/-Wosii'il, by Uusayn b . Mubarnmad Taqi a l - N t r i
( d . 132011908)1
The f i r s t four of these books are collectively known a s 'the four books1
(01-kutub al-arbo'o). In S h i ' i legal literature these four hold the same
position that, the six famous collections of Sunni traditions (al-kutub 01-
s i t t a ) have among S u n n i s . The most popular legal work of reference i s
Wasii'il ai-5hT'a which gathers the legal traditions contained in the 'four
books' and in many other sources, and since it i s limited to traditions con-
cerned with legal subjects, it is the most convenient reference handbook
for every jurist.
The acceptability of any of the traditions of these books is subject to
certain conditions. The reliability and honesty of all the narrators of a
chain of transmitters of a tradition must first be proved. This is done by
a branch of scholarship known a s 'ilm a/-rijtl (='ilm rijbi aoibadi?h) which
investigates the narrators of the traditions and their biographies.
Traditions are graded and divided in accordance with the levels of their
reliability, ' on the basis of specific principles found in another branch of
Some other major comprehensive collections of S h i ' i traditions a r e :
Jawiimi' al-kalim by Muhammad b . 'Ali al-Jaz'a'iri , ' A w5lim 01-'ulGm wa'l-
mo'brif by 'Abd Allih b . N t r Allih a1-BabrZni, Jiimi' al-rna'iirif wa'l-
obktm by 'Abd Allih b . Mubammad Ri(li Shubbar al-ilusayni al-Kazimi
and Jbmi' obbfith ol-sh7'a by u u s a y n b . 'Ali al-TabZtabi'i al-Burtjirdi.
See Shahid I I , D i r t y o , p p . 62-81; Abu'l-Qisim b . JJasan Yazdi, I ,
p p . 44-61.
The main S h i ' i works on this discipline a r e : K. Ma'rifat al-rijiii by
al-Kashshi , K . a/-pu'afii' by al-Ghaai'iri , K . a/-Rijbl by al-Najishi ,
K . al-Fihrist and K . a/-Rijiil by Muhammad b . IJasan a l - T t s i . _Some impor-
tant later works a r e : Ma'iilim a i ' u l o m 5 ' by Ibn ShahrZshGb, IQItb al-
ishtibth and KhuiF$at 01-aqw8 by alk'AllZma, K. al-Rijiil by Ibn Diwkd,
01-TobrTr 01-TFwGsT by Sibib al-Ma'Zlim, Monhaj al-maqiil by Mubammad b .
'Ali al-Astaribzdi , Naqd 01-riitl by al-Tafrishi , Majmo' al-rijiil by al-
Q u h p a ' i , VFwT al-maqF1 by 'Abd al-Nabi al-Jaza'iri , Jiimi' a/-ruwtt by
Mubammad al-Ardabili , Muntahb a/-maqiil by A b t 'Ali , al-Fawii'id al-
rijbiiyya by Babr alk'Ultm, TonqTb al-moqtl by 'Abd Allih al-Mimaqini,
Qtmiis ol-rijiil by Mubammad Taqi a l - T u s t a r i , and Mu'jom_rijbl ol-bafith
by al-Khu'i. For other S h i ' i works on this subject see AghZ Buzurg,
Mugoffii ol-maqiil fT mu$anniF 'ilm al-rijtl ( T e h r a n , 1959).
'
See Shahid I , Dhikrb, p . 4; Ibn Fahd, Muhadhdhab, fol. 2b;
MiqdSd, TanqTb, fol. 3a; Karaki , TorTq istinb5t a/-abkbm, p . 10;
scholarship known, in S h i ' i literature, a s 'ilm a/-diriiya , ( = 'iim diriiyol
01-bofith).' On these bases, many traditions of the above sources are
n o t , in t h e view of the jurists, sound and reliable.
***
The inference of legal precepts, from t h e four aforementioned sources
of S h i ' i law (the Q u r ' i n , Tradition, ijmii' and rcason) is carried out
through a kind of logical rcasoning which, in Islamic terminology,is called
iitihzd. According to S h i ' i teachings, it is always possible for scholars
to practise this kind of rational argument in Islamic law, while S u n n i s
restrict it to sornc scholars of the early centuries 01 Islam. In confronting
any legal problem, every S h i ' i jurist must personally investigate these
legal sourccs to take his own decision about i t . Imitation of the opinion of
a muitohid, however great he i s , by another mujtohid in legal matters is
uniawiul.
Shahid 11, Diriiya, p p . 19-61; IJusayn b . 'Abd al-samad, Wu7Gl 01-akhyiir,
p p . 20-56; $iQib al-Madirik, Hid5yol a/-tiilibTn, fol. 5a; Bahii' al-Din
al-'Kmili, WafTra, p p . 4-5; idem, Mashriq 01-shomsayn, p . 269; DZmZd,
Rowiishib, p p . 115-204; B i h b a h i n i , To'lTqiit, p p . 5-9; Abu '1-Qisim b .
Hasall al-Yazdi , I , p p . 3-44; MimaqZni, Miqbiis, p p . 35-105.
Some main S h i ' i works on this subjcet a r e : 01-Diriiyo and Sharb
Risiilat oi-diriiyo by al-Shahid al-ThXni, Wusiii_al-okhyiir by uusayn b .
'Abd al-Samad, ol-Wa[7ro by Bah2' &Din al-'Amili, a/-Rawiishib 01-
samiiwiyyo by al-Diimiid, Towfii, 01-moqiii by 'Ali al-Kani; MiqbCs
01-hidiiyo by 'Abd Allih al-Miimaqini, and Samb' a/-maqiil by Abu '1-Hudii
al-Kalbisi. Also Fowii'id-i shiiriyo by a l - F a r i h i , Lubb 01-Lubiib by
Muhammad Ja'far al-Astariibiidi , Qawii'id a/-bodTth by al-Ghariii , and
Qiyii' a/-diriiyo by PiyZ' al-Din al-'Allarna.
411 the above-mentioned principles are according to the Usiili school
of S h i ' i law. The Akhbiris rejected iitihiid and prohibited the practice
of rational argument in law. There a r e some objections l o the practice
of iftihiid in the traditions from the ImZms and in early S h i ' i works too.
Most of t h e s e , however, r e f e r to the Sunni version of iitihiid which in-
cludes qiyiis and isLibs6n.
Chapter Two
GENERAL REMARKS ON SHT'T JURISPRUDENCE
The inference and discovery of legal norms (istinbiit) from the afore-
mentioned sources, which a r e in some cases contradictory, follow particular
rules which are explained by a special branch of scholarship known a s
ugiii oi-fiqh (principles of law). This discipline i s a collection of gcneral
rules and regulations on how to deducc positive precepts from the sources.
Some of these rules and principles have been borrowed from other discip-
lines such a s logic, philosophy, theology and philology.
In the early periods of Islam, S h i ' i scholars wrote treatises on sornc
topics of usGI 01-fiqh, a s i s mentioned in the sources. But t h e oldest
extant work on usiil al-fiqh by a S h i ' i scholar i s o l T a d i ~ k i r ab i - u ~ i i lal-
fiqh by al-Shaykb al-MuEd, Mullammad b . MuQammad b . al-Nuemin
al-Baghdidi ( d . 441311022), a summary of which i s included by al-Karajaki
in h i s book Kanr al-fowz'id.
Next, there i s a relatively voluminous work on this subject by
al-Sharif al-MurtaGZ, 'Ali b . uusayn al-Miisawi ( d . 436110441, entitled
a/-DharTCoilii ugZl a/-shor7'o. The book of Shaykh al-Ti'ifn hlul~ammad
b . uasan al-Tiisi, 'Uddat 01-uiG14 is the most famous work on u ~ G 01-fiqh
l
of early periods. It was a text-book in S h i ' i centres of learning for a
long time. Another r a t h e r old source i s t h e relevant chapter of a/-Chunya
See IJasan al-sadr, p p . 310-12. It will be seen later on in this work
that a group oS early S h i ' i jurists, who were contemporaries of t h e Twelve
Imams, used rational argument and t h r rules of u$El a/-fiqh in t h e infer-
ence of legal precepts.
K a r i j a k i , p p . 186-94 (see also Shaykh, 'Uddo, p . 2 ; Yiidniimo-yi
shoykh-i TiisT, 111, p . 373; Brunschvig, p p . 201 f f ) .
Edited Tehran, 1967-9. Al-Murtadi had written independent treatises
on almost all the topics of ugiil 01-fiqh (see his introduction to 01-DharT'o,
I , p . 2). He also discussed t h e ugGl topic of okhbiir 01-iibiid in his a/-
D h a k h p o , formally a work of koliim theology (see Shaykh, 'Udda, p p .
33-71,
Edited Tehran, 1313-14q and Bombay, 1312-18q.
 GENERAL REMARKS ON SHf'f JURISPRUDENCE 9
by Ibn Zuhra al-Ejalibi ( d . 58511189-90). K . a/-Mogiidir u j i i l 01-fiqh by
development. It was, however, revived with the appearance of a prominent
Sadid al-Din Mabmiid al-uimmasi, the Shi'i scholar of late 6thll2th century
scholar in the last third of the 12thl17th century, Muhammad Biqir b .
is not extant, but some paragraphs of it are quoted in Ibn Idris's ol-
Muhammad Akmal al-Bihbahini , known as 31-Wahid ( d . 120511791), who
Sarii'ir. Next, the works of al-Muhaqqiq J a ' f a r b . Basan al-villi ( d . 6761
strove vigorously to combat the influence of AkhbZrism and to propagate
1277) such as Ma'Zrif a / - w u g i i i , and then those of ai'AllZma uasan b. Yiisuf b.
u j i i l a/-fiqh. His students also devoted themselves to the same cause.
al-Mutahhar al-villi ( d . 72611325) such as TahdhTb 01-usiil, Mobiidi' 01-
Works such as QawiinTn a / - u g i i l by Abu '1-QZsim b . yasan al-GilZni, known
wu$Zl and NihZyat a / - w u s i i l contributed to the evolution of this discipline.
as al-Mubaqqiq al-Qummi ( d . 123111816), a/-FugCl by Muhammad uusayn
Following this period, many commentaries ( s h a r b ) and annotations
b . Muhammad Rabim al-Igfahini ( d . 1250-411834-9), Hidiiyotal-mustarshicfTti
( b Z s h i y o ) appeared on the works of al-'Allima, some of which are listed in
by Muhammad Taqi b . Muhammad Rabim al-Ihfahini ( d . 124811833),
Aghi Buzurg al-Tihrini's a/-DhorT'a ilZ t a s i i n i f a/-ShT'a. Two of the
MafiitTb 01-ugiil by Muhammad b . 'Ali al-Karbali'i a l - T a b i t a b i ' i , known
most famous of these are the commentaries known as a l - p i y i ' i and al-
as al-Mujihid'(d. 124211827) and p a w i i b i t a / - u g Z l by Ibrihim b . Muhammad
'Amidi5 which had a notable influence on the development of S h i ' i u$Ci
Biqir al-Qazwini ( d . 126211846), all of which were written by the pupils
01-fiqh. AI-Shahid al-Awwal Shams al-Din Muhammad b . Makki 31-'Amili
and followers of al-Bihbahini's school, were instrumental in the progress
( d . 78611384) assembled these two commentaries, together with some useful
and the spread of ugijlT doctrine.
notes by himself, in a volume entitled Jtimi' 01-boyn.
Shaykh Murtaai 31-Angiri , the great scholar and legal theoretician
vasan b . Zayn al-Din al-'Amili ( d . 101111602) paved the way for con-
( d . 128111864), systematically revised and reconstructed the methodology
centrated discussions on u $ Z l a / - f i q h by composing a systematic and well
of S h i ' i law, and extended the horizons and dimensions of this discipline.
arranged text as an introduction to his legal work Ma'iilim 01-dTn
The collection of his treatises on u $ i i l a / - f i q h , entitled Rasii'il or F a r i i ' i d
Thereafter, numerous commentaries and annotations were composed on this
01-ugZl is still used as a text-book in traditional academies of S h i ' i law.
t e x t , which has been a text-book in S h i ' i centres of learning since the
In the school of al-Ansiri, which has continued up to the present date,
I l t h l l 7 t h century.
the principles of ugiii 01-fiqh have been continuously subjected to scrup-
During the l l t h l l 7 t h century, the most significant u l i i T views were
ulous and minute examination by his disciples and followers. As a result
put forward by Yusayn b . Rafi' al-Din Muhammad al-Mar'ashi al-
of the emergence of great scholars such a s Muhammad Kizim al-Khurisini
IVlZzandarini ( d . 106411653-4), one of the authors of the commentaries to
( d . 132911911) author of Kifiiyayol 01-u$iil, Muhammad vusayn al-Ni'ini
M a * i ; l ~ m . Zubdot 01-ugiil by Bahi' al-Din al-'Amili ( d . 1030.1621) and
( d . 135511936), PiyZ' al-Din alFsArZqi ( d . 136111948) author of MoqiilZt
Wiifiyat 01-ugiil by 'Abd AllZh b . Muhammad al-Tun7 ( d . 107111660-1) are
01-ugCl, and Muhammad Ejusayn al-Igfahini al-Kumpini ( d . 136111942)
among the best-known Shi'i u $ Z l texts of this century.
author of NihFyot a / - d i r i i y a , and through their incisive intellectual efforts,
In the 12thl17th century, the A k h b K school which repudiated the S h i ' i ugiil 01-fiqh is now the most elaborate in Islamic scholarship, and is
discipline of u j Z l a / - f i q h , became predominant and inhibited its further still subject to discussions and open to further development, changes and
perfection.
Edited Tehran, 1276q (in the collection of 01-Jowiim~' a / - f i q h i y y a ,
p p . 523-49).
** :x

AB, XXI, p . 95. As mentioned before, S h i ' i law has four basic sources: the Q u r ' i n ,
"bn Idris, pp. 409-10. the Tradition, consensus and reason. The discipline of u j c l 01-fiqh aims
AB, VI, pp. 54-5; XIII, pp. 165-70; XIV, pp. 53-4. to show how the legal norms can be deduced from those four sources. In
That is Munyat a/-IabTb by p i y i ' al-Din 'Abd Allah b . Majd al-Din some cases, however, the law cannot be directly discovered by resorting
Muhammad al-A'raji al-gusayni, and S h a r b a/-TohdhTb by 'Amid 31-Din to these. Special general principles have therefore been laid down for
'Abd al-Mutialib b . Majd al-Din Muhammad al-A'raji al-uusayni. These
two brothers were the neqphew of alF'Allima, and both lived in the first such circumstances, and these are known in S h i ' i jurisprudence as ugZl
half of the 8thll4th century (AB, XIII, p . 168). ' a m o l i y y a (procedural principles). Thus, S h i ' i u$Cl a / - f i q h is divided
AB, V , p p . 43-4. into two parts; one part discusses the method of infercnce of legal norms
10 A N INTRODUCTION TO s ~ f ' fLAW GENERAL REMARKS ON SHf'f JURISPRUDENCE 11

from the four original sources; the other part examines the manner of ations of a jurisprudent who must exercise and follow his own decision in
reasoning with the above-mentioned principles. legal matters and of those of a jurisconsult whose legal decisions should
In the first part of ugiil a / - f i q h , the rules of reasoning with the written be followed by the ordinary people who are not able to discover their
code, the Qur'in and the Tradition, are discussed. At first there is some obligations directly from the sources.
semantic discussion relating to the nature of word-making, the use of ***
words in their metaphorical sense, and similar subjects. Then there is What follows is a selected bibliography of modern S h i ' i u$El 01-fiqh
general legal discussion about various implications of the imperative and developed during the last one hundred years. These are the most
the negative imperative, general law and exception, absolute and condit- important works of the school of al-Angiri, given in chronological order:
ional laws, explicit and reverse implication, and ambiguous and clear AL-ANSART:
- Motiirih ol-onziir (his lectures complied by Abu '1-Qisim al-Tihrini),
designations. Next, the validity of the four original sources of S h i ' i law
~ e h r a i1
, 308~
are investigated. Meanwhile the nature of law, legal judgments arrived at - Farii'id 01-u$Gl = ol-Rosii'il, edited many times ( e . g . Tehran, 1296q)
through pure reason, and the valid means for arriving a t knowledge of AL-ASHTIY~N~:
legal obligations are discussed. Bobr 01-fowz'id ( a commentary on al-AnsZrils F a r i i ' i d a/-u$Gl), Tehran,
1300, 1314-15q
In the second part of S h i ' i u$El a / - f i q h , the legal basis and the scope
HADT AL-TIHRZNT:
of validity of the procedural principles are examined. These are the four Moboijot 01-'ulornii' , Tehran, 1318-20q
principles of b o r i i ' o (exemption), i b t i y i i l or ishtighzl (prudence), tokhyTr 'ALT B. FATH ALLAH AL-NAHAWANDT:
(option) and istisbiib (continuance). They cover all cases where the real ToshrTb 01-u$iil a/-kobTr, Tehran, 1316-20q

obligation is not known. If the case has a precedence, the same law should AL-KHURASANT :
- Kifzyot 01-ugiil, Tehran, 1326-7q, 1341-2q, 1364q
continue according to the last principle. Otherwise the first principle - Duror ol-fawF'id, Tehran, 1315q, 1318q, 1343q.
excludes any legal obligation where it is not known if there is such an $ADIQ AL-TABRTZT:
obligation. However, if there is a known obligation, but it is uncertain Al-Maqiiliit a / - C h o r i y y o , Tabriz , 1317q
between two or more options, all must be followed according to the second 'ABD 'AL-KARTM AL-~A'IR~:
Duror 01-fowii'id, Tehran, 1337-8q, 1344q, 1355q, 1361q, 1372q
principle if it is possible. But one option should be chosen according to
AL-NA'TNT :
the third principle if it is impossible to follow both or all. These four - A jwod 01-toqririii (hisleclurcs co~mpiledby Abu '1-Qisim al-Khu'i),
principles are very important in modern S h i ' i law. Considerable scholarly Tehran, 1348q
Fawii'id a / - u ~ i i l(another collection of his lectures compiled by
efforts have been devoted to elaborating the methods and the conditions Muhammad 'Ali al-KizimT al-Khurisini), Tehran, 1368q (vols. 1-2)
of their application. Many logical and philosophical concepts are used and Najaf, 1349-51q (vols. 3-41
discussed to this e n d , and new logical and philosophical ideas are developed QIYA ' A L - D ~ N AL-'ARAQY :
- Moaiilo? 01-usiil. Naiaf. 13584 (vol. 1 ) . Tehran, 13694 (vol. 2)
through these discussions. This part of ugiil a/-fiqh expanded signific- - ~ i h i i ~ 01-ojkiii
ot (his lectures compiled by ~ u ~ a m m a d - T a al-
qi
antly during the last century. In earlier S h i ' i works on ugul a / - f i q h , up Buriijirdi) , Najaf, 1371-7q

to the l0thll6th century, only a few pages or even lines were devoted to MUUAMMAD IjUSAYN AL-I$FAHANTAL-KUMPANT:
- Nihiiyot 01-diriiyo, Tehran, 1343-71q
these principles. - A/-UgZl 'ala 'I-nahj 01-bodi?h, Najaf, 1957
After the two parts mentioned above there is a chapter on conflict bet- ABU 'L-MAJD AL-I$FAHANT:
ween laws, followed in most works by a chapter on the necessary qualific- Wiqiiyoi a/-odhhiin , [ I r a n ] , 1337 q
AL-BURUJIRDT :
Nihiiyot 01-u~Gl(his lectures compiled by lJusayn 'Ali al-Muntaziri) ,
See Mufid, T o d h k i r o , pp. 192-3; Shaykh, ' U d d o , pp. 296-302, 303-4; Qum, 11377 q ? l
Mubaqqia, M o ' i i r i j , pp. 14456; idem, M u ' t a b o r , p p . 6-7; ' Allima,
Mobiidi', p . 56; idem, Nihiiyo, fols. 273a-277b; idem, TohdhTb, p . 105; AL-KHU 'f :
- Mubiidoriit fi u$Cl a/-fiqh (his lectures compiled by Mubarnmad Isbiq
Karaki, TarTq istinbiif 01-obkiirn, pp. 16-17; Uusayn b . 'Abd al-$amad,
' I q d , pp. 14-15, 23-5; $%bib al-Ma'ilim, pp. 227-31; BahZ' al-Din al- al-Fayyid), Najaf, 1914-
- (another collection of his lectures compiled by Mulpmmad
M i ~ b i i b01-u$;l
'Amili, Zubdo, pp. 48, 72.
12 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW
Sarwar al-Bihsfidi) , Najaf, 1377-86q
AL-KHUMAYNT:
- TahdhTb 0 1 - u ~ i l( h i s lectures compiled by Ja'far al-Subbani), Qum,
1373-82q
- A/-Rasii'il, Qum, 1385q Chapter Three
MUVAMMAD RIQA AL-MUZAFFAR:
UzGl a/-fiqh, Najaf, 1966
MUUAMMAD BAQIR AL-SADR:
- DurEs F 'ilm a/-~$1, Beirut, 1978
- To'iiruCI a/-odillo a/-shar'iyya ( h i s lectures compiled by Mabmfid al- THE OUTLINES OF S ~ i ' iLAW
Hashimi 1 , Tehran, 1396q

The subjects of Islamic law (fiqh) have been classified in different forms.
In Sunni law, they a r e usually divided into two categories: 'ibiid6t ( a c t s
of devotion) and mu'tmoltt (here meaning worldly a f f a i r s ) . Al-Ghazili ,
the S h i f i ' i scholar ( d . 50511111) in his I b y t ' 'uliim 01-fin1 divided all
religious and moral injunctions into four groups, 'ibiidiit,'iidiii (ordinary
a f f a i r s ) , munjiytt (what ensures salvation) and muhlikiit (what causes
perdition). This classification had some influence on later S h i f i ' i legal
texts, and inspired another procedure which divided legal subjects into
four groups: 'ibcddat, mu'rTmalZt, muncikabai (personal s t a t u s ) and
jintytt or 'uqiibZt (penal law). In o r d e r to justify this latter division, it
is said that the subjects of fiqh concern either life in this world o r life in
the hereafter. The subjects related to t h e former state of being are div-
ided into three p a r t s : those which regulate human relationships
(mu'tmuliit), those which preserve human kind (muniikabCt) and those
which protect both individuals and mankind (jiniiyiit). The subjects
related to the latter state of being, i . e . the precepts which should bring
happiness and welfare in the next life, a r e 'ibiid6t. '
The oldest extant systematic codifications of S h i ' i law are found in
some works of jurists of the 5 t h l l l t h c e n t u r y . Abu '1-BalZl) al-galabi
( d . 44711055-6) classified, in his K. a / - K c fi '1-fiqh , t h e legal subjects
according to t h e religious precepts. IIe considered all religious dues to be
of three kinds: ' i b t d c t , by which he meant not only the common acts of
devotion but all obligations including p a r t of the category of mu'iimaliit,

GhazZlT, /by;', I , p . 3. See also Fayd, Mabajja, I , p p . 4-5.

See for example Qaffal, 111, p . 382; Ghazzi, p . 598; BZjfiri, 11,
p . 332.
See JJaydar , I , p . 15/Mabmasini, p . 24 quoting al-Anqarawi
a/-FatZwii 01-onqorawiyya (Cairo, 1281q1, I , p . 1.
' MuQammad al-XmuE , NaE'fs 01-funiin , p . 146.
14 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW
muburromot (prohibitions) and abkzm ( r u l e s ) . This latter term refers to
all legal precepts which do not impose any religious duty (action or ab-
stention) on Muslims, i.e. which cannot be included in the other two
categories.
Qiai 'Abd al-'Aziz b , al-Barrij ( d . 48111088) in his 01-Muhodhdhab
divided religious precepts into two categories, those which affect 011 the
people and those which do not. The former are 'ibiidot which are general
duties and for this very reason precede the rest of fiqh.
Another S h i ' i jurist of the samc period, Sall'ar b . 'Abd al-'Aziz al-
Uaylami ( d . 44811056-7) first classified fiqh in two sections:
'ibijdat
and mu'Zmol~t, then he divided the latter into 'uqcd (contracts) and
obk?im, and then divided abkzm further into jinoyct and other types of
rules.' A1-MuQaqqiq, inspired by this method, classified fiqh in his
ShorE'i' 01-1sli;m into four sections: 'ibiidzi, 'uqiid (here meaning
bilateral obligations), Tqo'ot (unilateral obligations) and obkiim. This
method was accepted by jurists who succeeded him. A1-Shahid al-Awwal
justified this classification in his 01-QowF'id by arguing that rcligious
precepts are concerned either with life on earth or life in the hereafter.
The former fall under mu'iimalot and the latter under 'ibFdCit. This first
category, the mu'Fmo/5t, is in turn divided into two parts since these are
precepts which either concern thc undertakings of individuals themselves
or those which are not related to the undertakings of individuals. These
latter are known as obkEim and include all judicial, penal and inheritance
rules, etc. Undertakings too are of two kinds since some are bilateral
('uqiid) and others unilateral (TqZ'?it). Al-Shahid offers the same
explanation in his Dhikro with the exception that in this book, the basic
difference between 'ibCdtit and other categories is that acts of devotion
must be practised in order to obey God and move closer to him, whereas
other categories do not carry this obligation. ' Some other scholars
ualabi, K z r , fols. 1-2. See also his Toqrib a/-mo'iirif, fol. 96a, in
which he classified all religious duties into actions and abstcntions.
Ibn al-Barrij, Muhodhdhob, fol. 123b.
Sallir, p . 28.
I h i d . , p . 143.
Mubaqqiq, Shorz'i', I , p p . 19, 163, 11, pp. 53, 135.
See for example 'AllZma, TobrTr, I , p p . 1, 158, 11, p p . 52, 123.
See also N i ' i n i , I , p . 33.
' Shahid I , Qowo'id, p . 4 . See also Miqdid, TonqTb, fols. 3b-4a;
Shorb qorrot 01-bobroyn , fol. l b .
Shahid 1, DhikrZ, pp. 6-7. See also Jaw'ad al-'Amili, IV, p. 2 ;
.
KalbXsi fol. 2a.
THE OUTLINES OF SHT'ILAW 15
considered the basis for separating 'ibi;dzt from other subjects to be the
intrinsic beauty and superiority of the act of devotion itself.
Na$ir aalDin al-Tusi ( d . 67211274) followed a more philosophical ap-
proach and proposed a tripartite classification. He argued that the
religious laws concern individuals eithcr as individual bearers of respon-
sibility or as members of the family, or as people in society. The first
category is the section on 'ibodzt, the second is the rules included in
the section on muniikobtt and other parts of m u C ~ m a / t and
t , the third is
siyiiszt (penal law).
Al-FiQil al-Miqdid (d. 82611423) proposed two other modes of division
in the classification of the legal subjects. Both approaches were inspired
by 01-Qow?'id3 of al-shahid al-Awwal. One method is based on the belief
that in the course of their moral development, human beings must acquire
the traits beneficial to human life and character, and reject those which
are destructive. Some of these beneficial traits may bring about instant
results, others more distant results, depending on the nature of these
traits. Acts of devotion belong to the latter category; rules relating to
marriage, transactions, food and drink (a/-of'imo wo 'I-oshribo) and the
like belong to the former. The precepts of penal law aim to combat those
destructive traits which inhibit the progress of human beings. This
metho?, thus, divides the subjects of fiqh into three categories.
The other mode of classification proposed by Miqdid divides fiqh into
six sections. This approach is on the basis that religions have been laid
down for the protection of the five basic elements of human life, viz:
faith, life, property, lineage and reason. Acts of devotion are the pillar
of faith; the criminal law which gives the right of retaliation to the
offended person is to create a guarantee for life; regulations concerning
transactions regulate financial relations and protect property; marriage
regulations, related laws and some penal precepts are for the reproduction
of the human race; precepts related to the prohibition of alcohol and the
punishment of drinkers of alcohol and the like protect human reason.
Moreover, legal precepts are laid down in order to protect the totality of
the Islamic system and guarantee its correct application. '
Kishif al-Ghiti' , Shorb a/-QowC'id, Pol. Za.
N a ~ i ral-Din al-Tiisi , p . 41.
Shahid 1, QowZ'id, p p . 4-6.
' Miqdid, TonqTb, fol. 41; also Jawid al-'Arnili, IV, p . 2. The origin
of the second approach can be found in al-Ghazili's 01-Mustozfi and al-
Shitibi's 01-MuwCfoqiit, I , p. 38. See also Abu '1-'Abbis al-UarrinT,
 THE OUTLINES OF SHT'i LAW 17
16 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H T ' ~ LAW
Mubsin al-Faya followed a new approach in his works on law and Tradition The chapters of S h i ' i law, which are called 'books ' ( k u t u b , sing.

such as 01-WX, Mu'tasam 01-Sh7a and MofiitTh 01-sharii'i'. kitdb), are concerned with various legal subjects. Together they pro-
He merged
some chapters of fiqh and changed the locations of some legal headings, vide a catalogue of the personal and social duties of a S h i ' i Muslim.

mostly for the purpose of ordering it according to the human life-cycle. The arrangement of these chapters varies in different texts, but

For instance, he put the chapters on death and the deceased, obkCm 01- generally the chapters on devotions are located at the beginning, those

amwdt (which in previous texts were in the k. 01-tohiira, traditionally the on transactions in tile middle and those on inheritance and the penal code,
at the end. In some Sunni legal works, the reasons for this arrangement
first chapter of f i q h ) , at the end, followed by the chapter on inheritance.
In this way, he tried to create a new codification for law and Tradition. are given at the start of some of the chapters."

He divided fiqh into two sections: one on acts of devotion and the social Sunni5 and S h i ' i 6 authors have stated that the reason why they place

duties (a/-'ibdddt wo'l-siyCsCi) and the other on ordinary affairs and some chapters before others is that not only are these intrinsically more

transactions (a/-'iidiit wo'l-mu'iimoliit). ' important but that religion also endows them with an importance above

Another method, which is inspired by modern western approaches to others.

the classification of legal subjects, divides topics of fiqh into the following Q i o i 'Abd alkQAzizb . al-Barrij holds that the arrangement of the
chapters is related to the generality of the subjects they treat. According
categories:
I 'ibiiddt to him, acts of devotion which have to be practised by all Muslims at all

I1 Property. This may be of two kinds: times and anywhere, have priority over transactions, executive rules, e t c . ,
which are restricted by certain conditions. Amongst the acts of devotion,
A. Public property, which does not belong to a person but is alloc-
ated for use in the general interests of the community. prayer, which is a daily duty for every Muslim and is, in fact, the most

B. Private property. The regulations 01 this section are discussed regular Islamic duty, together with its requisite ritual purity (fohiiro),

in two independent parts: come before the other acts of devotion.' Ibn uamza, another S h i ' i jurist

1 . The lawful means of ownership of the 6thll2th century, adopting the same view, evaluated the degree of

2. The rules concerning the disposal of property the applicability of each of these acts to devotion, and included a discus-

111 Personal behaviour and practices, i . e . ordinary affairs which do not sion of this in the preface of his work 01-WasTlo. ' Abu '1-Fatb Mu4ammad

concern religious devotions or financial matters. These are of two b . 'Ali b . 'Uthmin al-Karijaki ( d . 44911057-8) arranged the chapters of
fiqh in his legal work called Bustiin like the branches of a tree. He tried
kinds:
A. Family law to connect the branches to each other so a s to create a natural arrangement

B. The rules for social relations and behaviour of individuals in

See for the use in this context of this term FujGi, fols. 84b-85a,
the society 87b-88a; Shahid 11, Rowdo, I , p . 26.
IV Political subjects in general. A s was noted before, al-galabi inserted all obligations in the section
*** on devotions, including parts of the sections on Tqii'dt and obkcim.
A1-Shahid al-Awwal followed al-Ijalabi in some of his legal works (see
especially N i ' i n i , I , p. 33).
In al-FayO1s works the penal code comes before the section on trans-
actions. See for instance his MofCtTh, I , p . 14.

p . 455; Zarqa', I , pp. 64-7; Zubayli, pp. 359-60; M a b m a ~ i n i ,p. 2 5 ;

Khallif, p . 57.
See Fayd, MofitTh, I , p. 1 4 ; idem, Wdfi, I , p. 16. See also Na'ini,
I , p . 33. As one can guess from the titles of the sections, al-Fay0 was
inspired to some extent in his proposal by the method of arrangement of al-
GhazilT's lbyC' 'ulL7m 01-fin, which was summarized and refined by
al-Fay0 in a book named 01-Mobolio 01-boyq'C' fi ibyC' 01-lbyii'.
' See as an example Tabtiwi , 11, p . 2 .
Mubamrnad al-xmuli , Nafd'is, p. 146; FugGl, fol. 89a-b.
6
See for example Mubaqqiq, ShorC'i', I , p . 19; 'AlTama, Tabg~ro,
p . 1; Risdlo fi 'I-tahiira wo 'I-jalCt, fol. 34a.
Ibn al-Barraj, Sharb Jumol, p. 54; idem, Muhodhdhob, fol. 124. See
also Shaykh, Iqtigdd, p . 239; Fugiil, fol. 89.

Mubarnmad Biqir al-gadr, FotCwd, I , pp. 132-4. Ibn Jjamza, WosTlo, p. 662.
18 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW THE OUTLINES OF S ~ f ' fLAW 19

of the topics. In his pattern, the first chapter of each section was a 2. K . 01-$oliit = prayer. This chapter includes in some works scientific
smaller branch growing from trunk of the tree itself. Each later chapter discussions of the two topics of the times of prayer (owqiit 01-$ala) and
in a section was a smaller branch growing from the main one. We do not the direction of prayer (qiblo); there is also discussion on the social
know any further details of his pattern which was described by one of his status of the S h i ' i jurist (foqSh) and the nature of Islamic government in
contemporaries as a novel plan. the part devoted to Friday prayer.
The different approaches adopted by the scholars with regard to the 3. K . al-zokiit = alms, the best known fiscal obligation of Muslims.
codification of legal subjects resulted in a variety of arrangements of the 4. K . 01-khums, the one fifth tax which according to S h i ' i law covers
chapters in their hooks. There was also much disagreement about the all kinds of revenue and not only the booty of war and treasure trove as
subdivisions of sections. For instance the number of acts of devotion is Suuni law maintains. A discussion about the authority of S h i ' i jurists is
five according to Shaykh al-r%'ifa3 and Ibn zuhra,%ix according to included. Some laws relating to non-Muslim residents of Muslim territory
,'
~ a l l i r ten according to al-galabi ,6 Ibn gamza7 and a l - ~ u b a ~ ~ i ~ % n d are to be found here, since one of the cases where khums is levied is land
forty-five according to Yabyi b . Sa'id. ' sold to a non-Muslim by a Muslim. The chapter is followed by a discussion
On the other hand, some authors, especially later ones, merged differ- of a n m , i.e. the property of the Isiamic state including all natural wealth
ent chapters and reduced the number of general titles as mush as possihle. and wastelands.
Thus there is considerable variation between legal texts in respect to their 5. K . al-sowm = fasting.
arrangement and the number of chapters. For instance, 01-Nihiiyo by 6. K . 01-i'tikiif = seclusion, which is regarded a s a desirable act of
Shaykh al-TZ'ifa has twenty-two chapters, his 01-Mobsiif seventy one, devotion in Islamic law, and should be performed in the congregational
Shorii'i' 01-Isliim by al-Mu'paqqiq fifty-two, Qowd'id 01-obkdm by al- mosque of the town.
'AllZma thirty-one, his Tabsirat 01-muto'ollim'in eighteen, 01-Lum'o 7. K . al-bojj = pilgrimage to Mecca during the last month of the Islamic
01-Dimoshqiyyo by al-Shahid al-Awwal fifty-two, his a/-Duriis al-Shar'iyyo lunar calendar, with its special laws and conditions.
forty-eight, Mofdt'ib a/-shord'i' by al-Faya twelve, and his 01-WiiF (which 8. K . ol-'umro = a simpler kind of pilgrimage to Mecca which can be
is a collection of traditions) ten. performed at any time of the year.
*** 9. K . 01-jihiid = 'holy war', offensive and defensive, and in the second
What follows is a very brief description of the contents of S h i ' i law, case against either external or internal enemies. This chapter includes
according to the classification and arrangment of al-Mu'paqqiq's Shorz'i' discussion of the different categories of land within Muslim territory, on
01-lsliim: the relation between the Islamic state and non-Muslim governments, on the
A. ACTS OF DEVOTION ('ibiidiit): status of non-Muslims in Muslim territory, and the like.
1. K . 01-lahiiro = ritual purity. The chapter includes some laws relating 1 0 . K.ol-omr b i 'I-mo'rzf wo 'I-nahy 'on ol-munkor = ordering what is
to non-Muslims and the deceased. good and forbidding what is evil; rules and regulations of these Islamic
social obligations.
Niiri, 111, p . 498; AB, 111, p . 105
B. CONTRACTS ( ' u q i d )
See Kalbisi, fol. 21.
1. K . al-tijdro = transactions; discussion about valid and invalid ways
Shaykh, lqti$iid, p. 239.
of carrying out transactions, unlawful business, right of cancellation of
Ibn Zuhra, p . 549
business agreements, conditions connected with contracts and similar
SallZr, p. 28.
topics. It also includes discussion on ownership and the fiscal system as
galabi, KiiF, fol. 2b.
applied to the various categories of land in Muslim territory, the legal
Ibn Bamza, loc. cit.
8
status of working for unjust rulers and their disposals of the properties
Mubaqqiq, Shard'i', I , p . 19.
of the Muslims' treasury, and, in the legal works of the last century up to
Yabyi b . Sa'id, Nuzho, pp. 6 - 7 .
now, a study of the authority of the S h i ' i jurist (wiliiyot ol-foq'ih).
20 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW
THE OUTLINES OF SHT'T LAW 21
Legal discussion about subjects such as music and interest on !oans is to
2. K . a/-khul' wo 'I-mubZro'o, two kinds of divorce by which the wife
be found in the same chapter.
redeems herself from the marriage for a consideration.
2. K a/-rohn = mortgage.
3. K . a/-rib+, that is a husband's statement to his wife, saying she
3. K . a/-mufollos = bankruptcy, the responsibilities of the Islamic
is like his mother (this was a saying occasionally used in Arab commun-
state when somebody becomes bankrupt and his assets do not balance his
ities). This declaration requires a religious expiation (koffiro).
liabilities.
4. K . 01-Ti:' = a husband's oath to abstain from marital intercourse
4. K . a/-bojr = interdiction, cases where the owner is legally forbidden
for a period of more than four months, in which case he must either give
from disposing of his own property, a s is the case with minors and the
up his oath or divorce his wife.
insane.
5. K. ol-li'iin, husband's affirmation, through a cursing oath and
5. K . 01-p'amZn = suretyship for claims, transference of the liability
before a court of law, that the wife has been unfaithful, and a similar
with regard to a claim. The suretyship for persons (01-kofZlo bi 'I-nofs)
affirmation by his wife that the husband is lying. After such a counter-
is also discussed in the same chapter.
affirmation and cursing the marriage is irrevocably dissolved.
6. K . 01-gulb = conciliation, the mutual agreement of two persons on a
6. K . olk'itq = the manumission of slaves.
certain matter, the details of which are not clear; for example, the mutual
7. K . 01-tadbTr wo 'I-mukiitobo wo 'I-istTlZd, these are three ways for
agreement between the creditor and the debtor on a specified sum where
slaves to acquire their freedom. TodbTr is a manumission which takes
the amount of the debt is not precisely known.
effect from the time of the owner's death. MukZtaba is a contract between
7. K . 01-sharika = partnership.
the owner and the slave by which the latter acquires his fredom against a
8. K . ol-MudZraba = sleeping partnership, i.e. one party invests the
future payment. The third concept, istniid, refers to cases where a
capital and the other provides the labour.
female slave gives birth to a child for her owner, in which case she
9. K.ol-muziiro'o wo 'I-musiiqZt = share cropping, i.e. the landlord
becomes free on her owner's death.
entrusts his land to a cultivator (muziiro'a) or the owner of an orchard
8.. K . 01-iqrZr = acknowledgement of debt, family relationship and the
gives it to someone to look after the trees (rnusiiqct), in return for a share
like. It is conclusive legal evidence for the creation of an obligation on
of the produce.
the part of the person who makes it.
10. K . 01-wafl'a = deposit, the safe-keeping of someone else's property.
9. K . 01-ju'iilo, the undertaking by a person to pay a certain sum in
11. K . 01-'Zrlya = lending an object gratuitously to someone to make use
return for the performance of some specific t a s k , no matter who actually
of i t .
performs it. For instance, someone offers a sum as a reward for the
12. K . 01-ijZro = h i r e and lease, the sale of usufruct or the hire of
return of some property of his which has been lost.
service.
1 0 . K . a/-oymZn = oaths, undertakings stated in the name of God.
13. K. 01-wikZlo = procuration, power of disposal on another.
11. K . a/-nodhr = vow, an undertaking towards God to do or not to do
14. K. 01-wuqiif wa'l-godoqiit = endowments and charity.
something, unconditionally or provided a certain wish comes t r u e .
15. K . 01-suknz wo 'I-tabbTs = temporary donation of usufruct.
D. RULES (obk?im)
16. K . 01-hibZt = donation of objects.
1. K . 01-joyd wo 'I-dhobZbo = hunting and slaughtering.
17. K. 01-sabq wo 'I-rimiiyo = horse and camel racing and marksmanship
2. K . 01-ol 'imo wo 'I-oshriba = food and drinks.
contests; the only two cases where betting is regarded as legal, for the
3. K . a/-ghazb = usurpation.
actual participants only.
4. K . ol-shuf'o = pre-emption, the co-owner's right to priority to buy
18. K. 01-wo$iiyZ = legacies.
the other share of the property, so that he can dissolve the sale of that
19. K. al-nikZb marriage.
share and take it into his own possession if it is sold to an outsider
C. UNILATERAL OBLIGATIONS (Tqz'Zt)
without the co-owner's agreement.
1. K . a/-jolZq = divorce
5. K . ibyZ' 01-mowZt = reclamation of wastelands. This chapter
22 AN INTRODUCTION TO ~ ~ f LAW
' f
includes a survey of land law, and is normally followed by a s t u d y of the
common property of t h e community (mushtorokiit), such as water and
pasture.
6. K . oi-iuqoto = trove p r o p e r t y .
Chapter Four
7. K . olkfort7'id = inheritance.
8. K. 01-qadZ' = arbitration, legal procedure.
9. K . 01-shohCd6t : witnesses.
10. K . ol-budijd wo 'I-toCrTrFt = penal law.
11. K . o l - q i ~ t 7=~ retaliation, the right of the offended person or his
hairs against the offender.
1 2 . K. oi-diyZt z blood-money and other financial compensations. / The present legal system of S h i ' i fiqh has developed through various
phases, a n d has been reformed and elaborated by many e m ~ n e n tscholars,
1 among whom are Shaykh al-Ti'lfa Mubarnmad b . uasan al-Tusi,
2 d l - ~ u b a q q i qJ a ' f a r b . Basan ai-I.I~lli, ai-'~11ima uasan b. ~ i i s u fb .
ji ai-Mutahhar al-JJlili, al-Shahid al-Awwal Mubammad b . Makki al-'iimlli
I and G i b ~ bal-Madirlk Mubammad b . ' Ali a l - ' ~ I E( d . 100911600).

1 In the legal sources, the hlstory of S h i ' i law is usually divided into
two periods,' that of the ancient or early scholars (qudornC' or
rnutoqodd~mijn)and that of the moderns or later scholars (muto'okhkhirCn).
In works of the 6 t h 7 1 h i 12th- 13th centuries, t h e contemporaries of t h e
twelve Imams were considered as the 'ancients' and those who came after
this e r a (i.e from 2601874 onwards) a s the 'moderns'. A t times, the
1 expression 'ancients' i s applied to Shaykh al-Ti'ifa and his predecessors3
( and the expression 'moderns' given to his successors.' Sometimes, how
e v e r , the expression 'moderns' 1s used by writers to mean scholars con-
temporary with themselves. In later sourccs the term 'ancients' means
thosc who llved before al-Mubaqqiq or a1-'Allima, and the term 'moderns'
refers to those who lived after them. In t h e sources of the 13thll9th
I century, t h c expression muto'akhkhiru 'I-muto'okhkhirTn (the moderns 01
/ the moderns) IS used to mean, in earller works, thosc who came after

This division is other than that of traditionists in which the S h i ' i

traditionists have been divided into ten sections (Jobaqo). The bases and
criteria for these two divisions are quite different a s well. (See A B ,
111, p . 137, quoting Basan al-$adr in his Bughyot ol-wu'ot 7 'j JoboqZt
mosho'ikh 01-ij?ilot).
'Abd 81-Jalil al-Qazwini , p . 209; Mubaqqiq, Mu'tobor, p . 7.
Shaykh al-'rz'ifa himself i s considered to be one of 'the ancients' in
Shahid 11, Rawda, 11, p . 73.
' See for instance Mubaqqiq. Nukol, p.438; Yabyz b . Sa'id, Nuzho, p . 6.
1bn Idris, p . 265; Uurr al-'Amili, Amai, 11, p . 5.
 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H T ' ~ LAW
24
al-Shahid a l - ~ w w a l ' and in later works those who came a f t e r Sahib
al-Madirik.
This division does not adequately reflect t h e development of the law,
What
which can more exactly be defined by a division into eight periods.
follows is a brief description of these periods, together with a mention of
t h e most eminent scholars4 of each pcriod and their main legal works.
1. THE PERIOD OF THE PRESENCE OF THE i h l l i j ~ s
It is generally believed that S h i ' i law was undeveloped in this period
which began with the Prophet and ended in 2601874. This is based on the
assumption that since the Imams were present and accessible, there was no
great urge to develop t h e practice of independent judgment and that law
was limited to the transmission of traditions. This idea is not c0rrCCt.
In order to have a better grasp of t h e situation, the circuinstances of
Shi'ism at t h e time have to be examined.
(1) It can be clearly seen from religious traditions that S h i ' i Imams had
persistently urged their followers to reason and use their minds. In the
case of discussions on Koliirn theology they praised and encouraged S h i ' i
theologians of their times. In the case of legal problems, the 1mZms
stated explicitly that their own duties lay in explaining general ruies and
principles; whereas inferences in details and minor precepts for actual
cases were left to the learned followers of the ImZms.' The Imams some-
Khalkhali, 111, p . 174.
Mudarris, 111, p . 439.
3 compare
~ i t h
Rae? al-Din al-Qazwini's classification of t h e S h i ' i
scholars up to the mid-10thllGth century into seven genreations. See his
TiirTkh-i rnoshFhTr-7 imiimiyyo.
'
By these scholars are meant those whose legal opinions have been
considered and quoted in the sources of fiqh . In these sources, the
views of different S h i ' i jurists and even sometimes of Sunni ones a r e
usually quoted before examining each case. Obviously, only t h e views of
those scholars who influenced the development of law, were quoted and
taken note of. The names of these scholars and their famous reference
works have been chronologically listed in t h e preface of Moqiibis oi-onwiir
by a l - ~ a v i m i ( p p . 4-19).
In t h e S h i ' i sources of law, there are special abbreviations for t h e
names of t h e scholars and the legal sources, a s well a s some particular
terms; many of these a r e explained in al-KhwinsZri's Rowp'zt, 11, p p .
114-15, and in t h e preface of al-KZgimils Moqiibis, p p . 19-22.
' ibis 0 l ' ~ m o lbi-okhbiir 01-iibiid, fol. 142b; Najishi, p . 289;
See Kashshi, p p . 268, 278, 484-6, 489-90, 538, 542; ~ u l a y n i ,I ,
p p . 169-74; MuEd, TojbTb a/-i'tiqiid, p p . 171-2; ~ u h p a ' i ,VI, p p .
223-30, 293-307.
' "AiaynF ilqii' 01-uzZl iloykum wo 'oloykum a/-1afrT" (we must give
you the principles and you have to derive branches): Bazanti, p . 477;
Faye, al-uoqq 01-mubTn, p . 7; B u r r alb'lijmili, XVIII, p . 41.
THE PERIODS OF SHT'T LAW 25
e s also explained when faced by questions from their followers that the
rect replies to their questions couid be graspcd and derived froin general
mic legal principles.' On some occasions, the lmams themselves fol-
ed what they advised as the correct method of reasoning and t h u s
ructed their followers on the proper procedure for inference of legal
The period of the presence of t h e I m a m s i s quite distinct from the
ing periods of S h i ' i history in respect to the variety of koiiim
ogical doctrines held by S h i ' i scholars. Many of the Imams' compan-
were eminent kaliim theologians3 who held significant opinions on
ogical subjects, some of which have been quoted in the general koliim
s , among them: IIishim b . al-Uakam, HishZm b . Salim, Zurara b .
, Mu'min al-Tiq, Yiinus b . 'Abd al-Rabman (all of t h e 2ndl8th
r y ) , and al-Bazanti and Fa61 b . Shadhin (of the 3rdl9th c e n t u r y ) ?
other kaiiim SChOols of the time had followers among S h i ' i thologians
e early centuries of Islam.
ifferences of opnions on kaiiim theological subjects resulted in the
gence of a variety of tendencies and groups among the companions of
mims, causing intensive debates and arguments among then. Many
e most prominent companions of the Imams had their own separate
ee for instance Kulayni, 111, p . 33; V , p . 357; Shaykh, TohdhTb,
3; VII, p . 297; idem, lstib$iir, I , pp.77-8; VII, p.297; 111, p .
r r al-'Amili, I , p.327; Jiimi' obtd7th a/-ShT'o, 1, p p . 116-18.
for instance Kulayni , 111, p p . 83-8; B u r r al-'Amili, 11, p p .
542, 546, 547-8.
ee Iqbal, p p . 75-84.
for instance $aduq, TowbTd, pp. 97-104; Mufid, FugGl, pp. 119-
, Awc'il a/-mOq6iiit, p . 116, and the whole text for the opinions of
tis; Kashshi, p p . 268, 275, 284-5, 490, 540-4; ~ u h p i ' i ,V I ,
6: al-Din al- Qazwini, QiyFfa, p p . 180-1; Majlisi 11, 111,
, 300, 303, 305; Bihbahani, ToClTqFt,p . 8; ~ b i 'i ~ l i p, p . 45,
a ~ i m i Kashf 01-qin~?', p p . 198-200; ~ a m a q i n,i TanqTb, the intro-
n , p p . 208-9. See also $afZ'i, p p . 36-68. Asad Allah al-Kivimi,
a s $%bib al-Maqabis ( d . 123411818-19) collected the different views
mpanions of Imams from early sources in a book entitled 01-
(see his Kashf 01-qinii', p . 71).
MuEd, Sorawiyyo, p . 2 2 1 ; idem, A wii'ii 01-moqiiliit, p . 77;
, 'Udda, p p . 54-5; idem, Fihrist, p . 190; Ibn Shahrashfib,
a P . 126; Q u h p a ' i , V, p . 177; Mubarnmad al-Ardabili, 11, p . 234;
11, 111, p . 304; Futiini, p . 4 .
$aduq,
307: K aTawbTd,
~ i m i ,Koshf
p . 100; K a s,hps p
a/-qinF' h .i , 11-84.
p p . 279-80; Majlisi 11, 111,
26 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW
groups of followers1 who sometimes branded each other a s 'infidel'
(kiifir)' and many books were produced on these disputations and con-
frontations. It i s interesting to note t h a t , sometimes, members of one
tendency or group would disagree even with their 'leader' on most aspects
of ideological principles." On the other h a n d , many S h i ' i s who gathered
around the Imams restricted themselves to the transmission of traditions
and refrained from theological debates. They did not look favourably upon
t h e S h i ' i theologians. The theologians who werc appreciated and favoured
by the Imams, strongly resented the reproaches directed against them by
t h e traditionists, and the Imams consoled the accused6 by saying that they
should tolerate and act moderately towards their adversaries since t h e
latters' capacity for understanding subtle points and minute nuances was
extremely limited. Some of the traditionists of Qum, too, squabbled with
theologians, ' fabricated traditions in condemnation of the latter and a t i r i
uted them to the authority of the Imams, and wrote books in this vein.
On the other h a n d , t h e Imams recommended their followers to refer to
theologians and rcad their books. They even encouraged the people of
Qum to honour and respect S h i ' i theologians 'in spite of the fact that the
Durust b.Abi MangGr, p . 161.
See Kulayni, VII, p . 285; Kashshi, p p . 279-80. 498-9; B u r r al-
'iimili, VI, p . 385.
For instance Hisham b . al-Hakam's treatise in refutation to Mu'min
al-Taq ( N a j i s h i , p . 338); Rislila f l m a ' n i i H i s h h wa YEnus by 'Ali b .
IbrZhim b . Hishim al-Qummi ( i b i d . , p . 197); Risiilo fi 'I-radd 'alii 'A17
b . IbriihTm b. Hiishim fi mo'nii Hishiim wa YEnus by Sa'd b . 'Abd Allah
al-Ash'ari ( i b i d . , p . 134).
See for example Shaykh, Fihrist, p . 132, the biography of Abu J a ' f a r
al-Sakkik.
See Kashshi, e . g . p p . 279, 487-8, 496, 498-9. Sce also $adGq,
TowbTd, p p . 458-60; Ibn TawGs, Kashf 01-mabajja, p p . 18-19; B u r r
al-'Amili, XI, p p . 457-9.
"ee Kashshi , p p . 498-9.
' I b i d . , p . 488.
'Ibid., p . 489, also p p . 483, 506; Mubammad al-Ardabili, I , p . 459,
11, p . 357; Abii 'Ali, p . 28.
Kashshi , p . 497. For examples of those traditions see p p . 491-6,
540-4; R a r q i , Rljiil, p . 35; Bazanti, p . 478.
l o
For example K . Mathiilib Hishiim wo YEnus by Sa'd b . 'Abd Allah
al-Ash'ari ( N a j i s h i , p . 134) and K . a/-Ta'n 'a15 YCinus by Ya'qub b .
Yazid b . UammXd al-KZtib al-Anbiri al-Sulami al-Qummi (ibid. , p . 350).
Kashshi, p p . 483-5, 506; NajZshi, p p . 346-8.
THE PERIODS OF S H T ' ~LAW 27
itionists of their town were hostile to them'.
he S h i ' i books on rijiii (biographies of the narrators of Tradition),
cially that of al-Kashshi, are full of reports on different theological
encies and opinions found amongst S h i ' i s of the f i r s t centuries of
, The works display the impact of intensive arguments and contro-
ies, a s well a s t h e impact of the support given by the Imams to the
logians and their concerns f o r t h e prosperity and productivity of
'i thought. In his reply to the followers of Yiinus b . 'Abd al-Rabmin,
were considered to be 'infidels' by t h e r e s t of the followers of ihe
ms, Imam 'Ali al-Ria2 would tell them: 'I see you moving in the path
ost S h i ' i jurists during t h e time of the Imams were among these
o ogians, a s will be mentioned presently.
Certain tendencies could be found in the S h i ' i community of the
lo # period of the presence of the Imams whlch were opposed lo the tradlllon-
a ally predominant doctnne concerning the nature of the Imams. Some of
companions of t h e Imams did not accept that the Imams possessed
ne qualities such a s infallibility and impeccability ('igma) but believed
they were pious learned men ('ulamii' abriir), who had merely a
arly authority. This view was supported by some of the S h i ' i
ogians of later periods, amongst them Abu J a ' f a r Mubarnmad b . Qiba
5 5 , a S h i ' i scholar and theologian of the 4thilOth c e n t u r y , who was
ding figure in the S h i ' i community of his time,' and whose views
espected and r e f e r r e d to by later S h i ' i scholars.
He supported
a that the Imams were merely pious scholars, who had a comprehen-
owledge of the Q u r ' a n and Tradition. He also refuted the idea that
ams had knowledge of the unperceivable ( 'ilm 01-ghayb) . Yet, in
f these opinions, his doctrinal stand was appreciated by later S h i ' i
s.' At least some of the traditiouists of Qum, who were considered
a s h s h i , p . 489.
e $adiiq, Kh~$iil,p . 354; ~ u r al-'Zmili,
r X I , p p . 429-30; Babr
m, 111, p p . 219-20.
'Allama, Khuliiga, p . 143.
i d . , p . 200. Some other opinions of this scholar, which are differ-
m S h i ' i traditional and popular views, are quoted in the works of
if al-Murtadi (see a s an example his 01-ShiiF, p . 100).
y k h , Fihrist, p . 132; Ibn Shahrashub, Mo'iilim, p . 85; 'Allama,
, p . 143. All stating that Ibn Qiba was gabTI, 01-madhhab o r basan
28 AN INTRODUCTION TO S ~ f ' fLAW THE PERIODS OF SHf'T LAW

as the backbone of the S h i ' i school, also held similar opinions with regard
to the Imims. It seems that the Nawbakhtis, too, thought likewise to some
extent.
Some of the companions of the Imims even believed that the Imams, just
like the jurists of those times, practised independent judgment ( r a ' y I 3 or
analogical reasoning ( q i y i i s ) . ' This position was also accepted by some of
the traditionists of Qum. Abii Mubarnmad Layth b . al-Bakhtari al-Muradi ,
known as Abii Basis, one of the most competent scholars among the com-
panions of Imim Ja'far al-gidiq6 who, according to many narratives was
praised by the Imams7 and was one of the four elite of the S h i ' i religion, a
did not accept the legal opinions of the seventh Imam, MZsi al-Kazim, and
thought that the latter had not yet acquired an adequate knowledge of
law. A number of other companions of the Imims are said to have held
similar views. lo
On this basis, some of the companions of the I~narnsopenly disagreed
with them in scientific questions," and sometimes they even argued with
them over points of disagreementl2 or asked them to present the reason
for the positions they held in legal question^.'^ Such controversies bet-
ween the companions of the Imims sometimes culminated in serious quarrels
breaking up friendships permanently, " while, according to customary
Mufid, To$bTb 0 1 - ! ' l i q i i d , pp. 218-19.
See their views in similar cases in al-Mufld's A w o ' i l a/-moqiiliit , for
example pp. 78, 79, 80, 84.
Babr al-' UlZm, 111, p . 220. Also gaffar, B o ~ i i ' i r ,p. 301; Mufld,
S o r o w i y y o , p . 2 2 4 ; idem, l k h t i $ i i $ , p . 2 7 4 ; Jiimi' o b c f l t h 01-ShT'o, I ,
p . 273.
' KZv,imi, p . 83.
~ u f i d ,To$bTI;I 0 1 - i ' t i q i i d , p. 219.
Kashshi, p. 238; T u s t a r i , Qiimiis 01-rijiil, VII, p . 451.
Kashshi , pp. 136-7, 170; QuhpZ'i , V , p . 83; Mubammad al-
Ardabili, 11, p . 34.
a Kashshi , pp. 238-9. The others are Zuriira b . A'yan, Muhammad b .
Muslim and Burayd b . Mu'awiya al-'Ijli.
Ibid., p. 173; Q u h p i ' i , V , pp. 84-5.
g h t , those cases of dispute ought to have been taken to the
Bms for their judgment, a practice usually followed by most faithful
) As mentioned already, the inference of legal precepts in S h i ' i law is
ndamentally based on logical analysis and reasoning within the framework
~ u r ' i i n i ctexts and Tradition. Rational argument is accepted on the
8 basis of Aristotelian deduct~on,whlch brlngs certainty according to the
nciples of that logical system. The kind of analogical reasoning which
entitled qiyiis in Islamic law was rejected by the Shi'a from the time it
me into Islamic law, in the 2ndl8th century, because it leads only to a
obable cause for a precept, not to the certain one. Some cases of qlyiis
which the real cause of a precept is found a r e , a s mentioned before,
cepted in S h i ' i law.
In the first centuries, the traditionists who were opposed to any kind
tional argument held that this mode of arriving at categorical judg-
s amounted to qiyiis and was therefore unlawful. Some later scholars
d it permissible q i y i i s , ' while in fact this mode of analysis bears no
ection with the Sunni concept of q i y i i s . It seems that in the religious
ality of the Shi'a of the first centuries, all kinds of rational argument
were considered a klnd of q l y i i s . Thls was perhaps caused by some out
or terminological similarities. Then, traditionists believed that the
ctions found in S h i ' i Tradition which forbade the practice of q i y z s
also applicable to any other mode of rational analysis.
hese traditions also forbid practising independent judgment, which is
d r a ' y in legal terminology. In the legal usage of the early periods,
erm i j t i h i i d was used7 in the sense of personal judgments including r o ' y . 8
; AbZ Mangiir al-Tabrisi, 11, p . 284.
Ibn Bazm, I b k t m , VII, p . 177; idem, Mulokhkhos i b t i i l a o i r o ' y wo '1-
Karaki , TorTq i s t i n b i i t 01-obkiim, p. 17. Because of the same inter-
ation, later Akhbiris accused Ugiilis of following the practice of qiyiis
heir legal judgments. See for instance Busayn al-Karaki, chapter 8.
A/-Masii'il a / - M u h a n n i i ' i y y o , fol. 92a; Shahid 11, Rowp'o, 111, p. 65.
also Bihbahini , TobqTq fil ' I - q i y i i s , fol. 85a.

" Kashshi, pp. 147, 148, 158. AI-Mosii'il 01-Muhonnii'iyyo, fol. 92a; Miqdid, TonqTb, fol. 3a;
ahani, TobqTq f i ' I - q i y i i s , fol. 85b.
K i ~ i m i ,pp. 71-2.
See Kashshi, p . 189; Mubaqqiq, M o ' i i r i j , p . 127.
l2 Ibid., p . 72.
See as examples Abu 'I-Ijusayn al-Bagri, pp. 689, 722, 761-6; Qadi
l 3 See for instance Kulayni , 111, p. 30; gadiiq, FoqTh, I , pp. 56-7;
i n , l k h t i l i i f u $ i l 01-Modhiihib, pp. 203-28; Mufid, F u $ C l , p . 68;
idem, ' I l o l , I , pp. 264-5; Shaykh, TahdhTb, I , pp. 61-2; idem, , D h o r T ' a , pp. 672-3.
I s t i b g i i r , I , pp. 62-3; Burr al-'Amili, 1, p. 291, 11, p. 980.
ee further the article i d j t i h c d in E l , 111, p. 1026.
l4 See Kulayni, I , pp. 409-11; NZri, I , p . 555.
30 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW
This explains why S h i ' i s refrained from t h e use of the term i j t i h i i d until
the 6thIl2th century. I It also explains the objections raised in S h i ' i
theological works toward i j t i h o d , and the refutation of its legitimacy in
works written by S h i ' i theologians like the Nawbakhtis, 'Abd Allih b .
'Abd al-Rabman al-Zubayri' and Abu '1-QZsim 'Ali b . Akjmad al-Kiifi.
All these were against i j t i h i i d in the above sense. Otherwise i j t i h i i d , a s a
rational mode of reasoning, was quite an acceptable phenomenon among
many S h i ' i s from the 2ndl8th century onwards, and from late 4thll0th
century it emerged a s the only method by which legal subjects were
approached. these analytical and rational methods of S h i ' i scholars of
the early centuries of Islam appeared to amount to r a ' y and q i y i i s in the
eyes of strict traditionists who objected to the rational analytical modes of
reasoning in law. ' inciples of the Qur'Zn and Tradition.
( 5 ) In some traditions, it is reported that some companions of the Imams
practised q i y i i s on occasions when instructions over a particular problem
were not explicitly and clearly givenin the Q u r ' i n and Tradition, and
that some of them were practising the method of r o ' y . Some of the most
knowledgeable companions of the Imams whose opinions and judgments are
cited in legal sources, have been accused of following the practice of
qiyZis. Among them are Fa(i1 b . Shadhiln al-Naysibiiri, author of
o/-Tdiih ( d . 2601873-4) whose opinions on some legal subjects such a s
divorce and inheritance, and on some questions of u $ Z / 01-fiqh are quoted
in the s o u r c e s , 1 0 Yiinus b . 'Abd al-Rakjman, whose opinions are cited in
See Mukjammad BZqir al-gads, D u r G s , I , p p . 55-64.
See for instance Mufid, A w i i ' i i 01-moqiiiiit, p . 127; idem, F u g i i l ,
p p . 66-9. Also Nu'miini , TofsTr, pp. 95-6; Murtaai, D h o r T ' a , p p . 792-5;
idem, / n t i $ i i r , p . 98.
q q b i l , p p . 94, 117, 118, 120.
N a j i s h i , p . 163.
I b i d . , p . 203.
This i s according to the predominant Ugiili school of S h i ' i law. The
Akhbiris rejected the validity of all kinds of rational argument in law, a s
noted before.
7' Books such a s 01-Rodd ' a l i i man r o d d Cthiir a/-RosCl wo i'tomad 'a15
n o t i i ' i j o l - ' u q i l by Hilil b . Ibrihim b . Abi '1-Fat12 al-Madani ( N a j i s h i ,
p . 344) are written with the same understanding.
Durust b . Abi Mangiir, p . 165; B a r q i , Muhiisin, I , p p . 212-15;
IJimyari, p . 157; Kashshi, p . 239; Mufid, l k h t i $ i i $ , p . 275; IJurr al-
'Amili, XVIII, p p . 33, 38; Niiri, 111, p p . 176-7; Jiimi- ohOd7th a/-ShT'a,
I , p p . 274-6.
B a r q i , MahZisin, I , pp. 212-15; K a s h s h i , p p . 156-7.
See Kulayni, VI, p p . 93-6, VII, p p . 88-90, 95-6, 98-9, 105-8, 116-18,
some chapters of f i q h such a s p r a y e r , alms t a x , marriage and inheritance,'
u r i r a b . Aryan al-Kiifi, Jam3 b . D a r r i j , the most learned companion of
sixth Imim, Ja'far al-Sidiq, 'Abd Allah b . Bukayr, a great S h i ' i
ist of the 2ndl8th c e n t u r y b and a number of other famous companions,
o were accused of and blamed for their practice of q i y i i s . It is almost
tain that the above were supporters of the analytical mode of reasoning
d not of the Sunni concept of q i y i i s . Their judgments, many of which
ve been collected by Asad Allah al-Kizimi confirm this point.
It i s evident from what has been said in the five sections above that in
e period of the presence of the Imams, two legal tendencies existed in
e S h i ' i cotnmunity. One of them adhered to an analytical, rational ap-
oach toward legal problems within the framework of t h e general
' The other was a traditionalist
8 approach whlch relled on transmitting traditions wlthout any f u r t h e r infer
ntial derivation of law.
Many S h i ' i jurists of this period are mentioned in thc S h i ' i works on
m 01-riji;19 and other sources.1° The names of some of thein are also
heir works in Ibn al-Nadim's K . a / - F i h r i s t .
161-2, 168; $adiiq, FoqTh, IV, p . 197; i b i d . ,
q n i ' , p p . 170, 175-6;
Mufid, F u g Z l , p p . 123-4; Murtapa, l n t i $ 5 r ,
286; Ibn Shahrishiib, M a t h t l i b , fois. 233b-234a; Shahid I , D u r E s ,
263; idem, QawC'id, p . 316; Najafi, XVI, p . 90.
See Kulayni, VII, p p . 83-4, 115-16, 121-5; $adiiq, M u q n i ' , p . 175;
r t a p i , I n t i s Z i r , p p . 77-8; 'AIlima, M u k h t a l a f , 1, p . 136; Shahicl I ,
r i i s , p . 57; idem, Q o w i i ' i d , p.325; 'abd Allih al-Tiini, £01. 97.
Kashshi, p . 156. See for some of his legal views Kulayni, VII,
97, 100-1.
Kashshi, p . 375. Some of his legal opinions are quoted in the
urces, e . g . Kulayni, VI, p . 141, VII, p . 256; Shaykh, TohdhTb, X ,
137; idem, / s t i b $ C r , IV, p . 253.
Kashshi, p . 345.
gadiiq, FoqTh, IV, p . 197; Murtapa, l b f i i i a/-'omoi b i - o k h b i i r ol-
i i d , Sol. 142b; Futiini, p . 4 4 ; Bahr al-'Ulum, 111, p p . 215-19;
i a i m i , p . 83. See also Shaykh, ' U d d o , p . 51.
See his Kashf ~ l - ~ i n o p' p, . 82-3, 198, 244 a s some examples.
' See K a s h s h i , p . 156.
See also K h u m a ~ n i ,Risiila f i ' I - i j t i h i i d wo ' 1 - l o q r d , p p . 125-8.
For instance Kashshi, p p . 238, 375, 556, also p . 484; Shaykh,
r i s i , p . 52; Ibn Diwiid, p . 272.
A s an example Mufid, A / - R a d d '015 aghiib a o l ' a d o d , p . i28; Shaykh,
d h 7 b , VIII, p . 97. See also Elasan al-$adr, pp. 298-302.
' See Ibn al-Nadim, p p . 275-9.
32 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H ~ ' ?LAW
the opinions of the jurists of this period a r e quoted i n the legal works of
later periods.
2. THE FIRST CENTURY OF THE OCCULTATION
In the period of the 'Minor Occultation' (2601874-3291941) and until the
latter part of the 4thIlOth century, three different legal schools existed
in the S h i ' i community.
I. The School of the traditionists (Ah/ a/-baflth)
This was a continuation of the conservative legal tendency of the period
of the Presence, and likewise devoted its efforts to collecting, recording
and preserving the traditions from the Imams. The adherents of this
school, like their predecessors in the time of the Imams, were not sym-
pathetic to rational arguments in religious matters, and condemned even
those efforts which applied rational argument toreligious questions in order
to strengthen the S h i ' i point of view. This school resembled in its out-
look the Sunni school of traditionists, where Armad b . uanbal "and his
f o l l o w e r s ~ e j e c t e dkaliim even when used in defence of Islam.
In their legal approach, there were two groups of traditionists who
differed among themselves:
( a ) Those who only accepted traditions which were related by transmitters
whose reliability had been thoroughly examined. Their knowledge of the
traditions dealing with legal questions was extensive. They recognized
and implemented those principles of u$G/ a/-fiqh which were contained in
the traditions of the Imams. ' Like Sunni traditionists, ' however, they
were chary of writing about legal subjects with words other than exactly
See for instance the introduction to al-Mubaqqiq's a/-Mu'tabar, p . 7 ,
in which he says that he will quote the views of five jurists of that
period. Also 6ZQib al-MadZrik's Hidiiyat a/-fiilibin, £01. 4b. Also the
Preface to al-Kazimi's Maqiibis a/-anwzr, p . 23, in which six such scholars
are mentioned. See also Shaykh, TahdhTb, VIII, p . 97.
SadUq, ICtiqiidiit, p . 74. See also Mufid, Ta$bTb a/-i'tiqcd, p p . 169-
70; Shaykh, Ghayba, p . 3.
Ihn al-Jawzi, Moniiqib Abmad, p . 205.
' Ibn QudZma, T o b r h a/-naror fikutub ah/ a/-kaliim, p . 1 7 .
Later traditionists followed their predecessors in this case. Al-J.3urr
alk'hnili, the renowned Akhbzri scholar of the late I l t h . 17th c e n t u r y ,
wrote a treatise against studying 'ilm a/-kaliim CAB, XXIV, p . 431).
Shaykh, 'Udda, p . 248; Kizimi, Kashf a/-qinz', p p . 207-14; 'Abd
Allah al-Tiini , p . 97; Amin al-AstarZbZdi , Jawiib rnasz'il a/-Shoykh
Uusoyn, fol. 1Olb.
See 'Abd al-Majid, p p . 288-9.
THE PERIODS OF SHT'T LAW 33
hose mentioned in the traditions. The legal works of this group of
aditionists were collections of traditions compiled according to their sub-
ct matter, and sometimes with the omission of the chain of transmitters
niid). Traditionists such a s :
Mul2ammad b . Ya'qiib al-Kulayni
) Mubarnmad b . al-Uasan b . Ahmad b . al-WaIid ( d . 3431954-5)
) Muhammad b . 'Ali b . Babawayh al-Qummi , al-Sadiiq
11 into this group. T h e l e g a l choices4 of al-Kulayni and al-SadGq
ve been quoted in the legal sources.
) The other group followed traditions without compromise and completely
nored the 'principles of u$G/ a/-fiqh and the rules by which a tradition
uld be examined. They completely ignored the procedures of debate,
asoning and modes of discourse .'6 The extreme tendencies of these
h i ' i traditionists were comparable to the tendency of the Vashwiyya in
unnism which was the most extreme and inflexible Sunni traditionist
However, in the works of S h i ' i theologians of the 4th-6thI
hool.
0th-12th centuries, lerms such a s bashwiyya8 and muqo/lidag together
t h the terms a$biib o l - b ~ d T t h ' and
~ akhbiirisyol' were applied to all
p . 2 ; Amin al-Astarabzdi, op. c i t . , fol. 101b.
K. 01-MuqniC s y $adGq is an example of this sort of 'legal works'.
e especially p . 2 of this book.
"haykh, Fihrist, pp. 135, 156, 157; T u s t a r i , Sahw a/-Nab?, p . 9.
e also A n g i r i , Rosii'il, p . 87.
' Both al-Kulayni and al-SadUq in the introduction to their two main
o r k s , viz. K . a/-KiifTand Man 1; yobQ'uruh a/-faq?h respectively, acknow-
dged the authenticity of what they transmilted in those books. Thus in
e cases of conflict between traditions, the one they accepted and nar-
ted in their works, demonstrates their viewpoints in each specific case.
Muraqqiq, Mu'tobar, p . 7; SZpib al-Madirik, Hidiiyot a/-JalibTn ,
1. 46; K a ~ i m i ,Maqiibis, p . 23.
' Shaykh, 'Udda, p . 248; Kazimi, Kashf 01-qinii', p . 202.
See Mufid, lf$iib, p . 77; idem, A wii'il a/-maqii/zt, p . 65; Murtaoi
1-Razi, p . 46.
Mufid, Ukbariyya, fol. 59a; idem, A wii'ii a/-rnaqiiliit, p . 86; idcm,
wiib ah/ 01-Uii'ir, p.114; 'abd al-Jalil al-Qazwini, p p . 3 , 235, 272, 285,
9, see also Mubaqqiq, Mu'tabar, p . 6; FayQ, a/-U$ii/ 01-a$?la, p.61.
MuEd, Jawiib ah/ a/-Uii'ir, p . 112; Shaykh, 'Udda, p . 54.
and the like ( o ~ b i i ba/-okhbiir, ah1 a/-ba&th, ah1 a/-akhbiir etc. 1. See
f i d , a/-Rodd 'a15 albiib a/-'odad,p. 124; idem, A wii'il ol-maqiiliit, p p .
-1, 87, 88, 89, 92, 101, 108, 118; idem, Ta$bTb 01-i'tiqiid, p p . 186,
2; idem, Sarowiyya, p p . 222, 223; Murtaaa, Tobbiiniyyiit, fol. 2; idem,
-Mow$i/iyya 01-thiiiitho, fol. 40a; idem, Tariibuiusiyyiit, fol. 1 1 0 ; idcm,
Radd 'a15 o$biib aai'adad, fol. 130b; Shaykh, 'Udda, p . 248; idem,
aybo, p . 3 ; Ibn Idris, p p . 5, 249. See also Shaykh, MabsiiJ, I , p . 2.
Abd al-Jalil al-Qazwini, P O . , 3, 236, 2 7 2 , 282, 285, 458, 529, 568-9;
34 A N INTRODUCTION TO S H T ' ~LAW
the adherents of the traditionist tendency, even the former group.
In the sources of ' i l m a / - r i j i i l the names of some jurists of this branch
of the traditionists have been recorded, such as Abu '1-IJusayn al-Nashi',
'Ali b . 'Abd Allah b . WugayI ( d . 3661976-7) who is said to have dis-
cussed law in the same way as oh1 al-&7hir. ' Flowever, due to the school's
refusal and failure to apply reason and rationality and also due to thc
absence of any ideas and original thought of their own, the decisions of
its adherents2 did not gain any legal validity and were totally ignored in
the sources. 9 s noted, their judgments were nothing but references to
traditions.
The traditionist school which, in the period of the Presence, was one
of the two prevailing tendencies of S h i ' i scholarly circles, gradually
gained control over the whole S h i ' i intellectual community, and totally
suppressed the rational theological and legal tendencies which were based
on reasoning. The school of Qum, which in those days was the most prom-
inent religious centre of the S h i ' i s , was completely dominated by this
current and the Qummi scholars were all traditionists4 objecting to any
kind of reasoning and analytical thought in the S h i e i community. The
overwhelming majority of S h i ' i jurists during this period and up to the
late 4thllOth century were adherents of this school of thought.'
As will be explained later, in the last decades of the 4thllOth and early
5 t h l l l t h centuries, the school was swept away by the teaching of al-Shaykh
al-Mufid and his disciple al-Sharif al-Rlurtada. Although a small number of
its adherents survived, here and there, in later periods6 none of them
gained prominence or influenced S h i ' i thought.
The methodology and beliefs of the adherents of this school have been
'AllZma, NihCyat 01-wuscl, fol. 200b. See also Shahrastani, pp. 169, 178;
Sharif al-JurjZni , p. 629; Fakhr al-Razi , MobsGI (quoted in K i ~ i m ,i
p. 203).
Shaykh, F i h r i s t , p . 89.
It should be noted here that there were diffcrences of opinions among
the adherents of this tranch of traditionists too, as the traditions of the
Imams were sometimes contradictory, and each of those jurists was decid-
ing legal problems according to those traditions he had received.
Murtaai, 01-Rodd ' o l a asbFib 01-'odad, fol. 130b; idem, T a b b i i n i y y z t ,
fol. 2 ; idem, ol-Mow$i/iyya 01-thiilitha, fol. 40a.
"urta&i, lbt??l 01-'omol b i - o k h b i i r a/-Cbiid, 101. 142b; Futiini, p . 4 .
See also Shaykh, F i h r i s l , p . 157.
Shaykh, ' U d d o , p . 248;
'Allima, Nihiiyat 01-wu$G/, fol. 200b.
'Abd al-Jalil al-Qazwini , p. 568.
THE PERIODS OF S H T ' ~ LAW 35
escribed and criticized in the works of al-Mufid and al-MurtapZ. '
11. 'Qadimayn'
While the traditionist school was predominant in S h i ' i academic circles
the second half of the 3rdl9th and a greater part of the 4thllOth
turies, two important figures emerged among S h i ' i scholars, each of
om had his own particular approach to law. Both practised rational
soning in legal thought. Hence, their methods can be considered as a
tinuntion of the exercise of analytical and rational thought in law which
isted in the period of the presence of the Imams. They are rcgarded2
constituting the first school of S h i ' i deductivc law, based not merely
collections of traditions but on speculative analysis and rational
Although these two personalities represented two differcnt legal percep-
n s and approaches, in many cases, they arrived at the same conclusiolls
d issued similar opinions on legal problems. Their legal judgments a r c ,
erefore, quoted jointly in the sources as the opinion 01 the Qadimayn,
e Two Ancient (scholars). They are:
1) Ibn Abi 'Aqil, Abii Mubarnmad wasan b . 'Ali b . Ahi 'AqZ al-
'UminT al-Hadhdhi', of the first half of the 4thllOth century.'
He is the author of a legal work entitled 01-Mulomossik bi-bob1 Ti1
01-Rosijl, which was onc of the most renowned legal sources during
the 4th and 5thllOth and 11th centuries.
Ibn al-Junayd, Ahii 'Ali Muhammad b . Abmad b . al-Junayd
)
al-KStib al-Iskafi , of the middle of the 4thllOth century. IIe is
-
See Mufid, S o r o w i y y a , p p . 222, 223; idem, TagbTb a / - i ' t i q z d , p.222;
em, ' U k b o r i y y o , fol. 59a; idem, JowZib oh1 0 1 - v o ' i r , pp. 112, 116; idem,
Rodd ' o l Z osbiib 01- ' o d o d , p. 24; Murtaoa, 01-Mawgiliyyo 01-thCIitho,
1.40a; idem, T o b b f i i y y z t , fol. 2 ; idem, a/-Rodd 'olC ogbzb 01-'odod,
1.130b: idem. IbtZI o l ' a r n a l bi-okhbCr aalZbiid, fol. 142b. See also
haykh, C h o y b o , 6 . 3 ; idem, M o b s Z l , I , p . 2 ; idem, ' U d d a , pp. 54,
48; 'Abd al-Jalil al-Qazwini, pp. 529, 568.
See Babra12Uliim, 11, p. 218.
This name was invented by Ibn Fahd al-JJilli ( d . 84111437-8) in early
thll5th century. See his 01-Muhadhdhob 0 1 - b i i r i ' , fol. 3a. See also his
-Muqtagar, fol. 2a.
In a letter to Ja'far b . Mubarnmad b . Qiilawayh ( d . 3691979-801, Ibn
i 'Aqil permitted him to narrate his works (NajZshi , p. 3 8 ) .
NajZshi, p. 38; AB, X I X , p. 69.
He was in Naysahfir in 3401951-2 and enjoyed the respect of its people
ufid, $ @ h F n i y y a , p. 17). One of his works is a book of answers he
ve to the questions of the Buyid Mu'izz al-Dawld, who died in 3561967
a j i s h i , p . 301) .
 36 A N INTRODUCTION TO SI-17'7 LAW
the author of Tohdhrb 01-ShT'o 1;-obkk 01-shorTca and aI-Afin~007
fi 'I-fiqh a/-Mufiommofi.
These scholars were, t h u s , nearly contemporaries.
Ibn Abi 'Aqil,
who slightly preceded Ibn al-Junayd, '
was a koliim theologian. He may
well be considered a precursor of the legal method of the kaliim theologians
of Baghdad who formed the third era in the development of S h i ' i law to
be discussed later. Like other kolrm theologians, he did not consider
traditions transmitted by a single o r a few transmitters (okhbiTr 01-CbLTd)
a s valid. It is cvident from his judgments that his legal approach was
firmly based on general Qur'iinic principles and widely transmitted trad-
itions.In cases where there was a general principle in the Qur'iin to
which an exception was made in traditions, Ibn Abi 'Aqil would maintain
the general validity of the Qur'inic principle and ignore the traditions,
unless the latter had been universally and unquestionably accepted. In
view of the proximity of his time to that of the Presence, however, the
uncertainty with regard to the reliability of many traditions affecting
later discussions was not yet felt to be a serious problem and there was
less disagreement concerning the opinions of the Imams on fundamental
legal principles arising from contradictory traditions. ' Because of this,
the traditions which Ibn Abi 'Aqil attributes to the Imims in his hook
have comc to be accepted entirely by S h i ' i scholars after him.
His legal
method also was appreciated by later scholars, and his legal opinions are
quoted in most S h i ' i sources.
Ibn al-Junayd was not held in such high esteem and his legal method
was criticized by both his contemporaries and by later scholars. IIe, too,
was a kolzm theologian and produced many works on theology. Among
these was one written In defence of Faal b . S h i d h i n , a supporter of
reasoning in law and theology. In lcgal matters, Ibn al-Junayd held the
Babr alh'Uliim, 11, p . 218.
'
Najishi, p.38; Shaykh, Fihrist, pp.64, 194; Ibn Diiwiid, p . 111.
4 Mufid.. Siiahiin~vvo.
T u s t a r i , QiimGs, 111, p . 198. For similar legal appoaches in Sunni
school sce 'Ahd a l - ~ a j i d ,p p . 219-24, 236.
" See for example gZQib al-MadZrik, p . 219,
5 r
Aliima, Mukhtolof, 11, pp.157, 167; Miqdid, TonqTfi, fol. 88b. See
also ' ~ b dnl-Majid, p p . 267-8 for silililar cases in Sunni law.
NajZshi, p . 38; Ibn Idris, p p . 99, 192, 397, 398
Najiishi, p p . 301-2; Shaykh, F i h r ~ s l ,p . 134.
NajZshi, p . 302.
THE PERIODS OF SHT'T LAW 31
val~dltyof okhbiir ool6tlifd a s a source of law' and because of t h l s , al-Mufid
ranged him among the t r a d i t i ~ n i s t s . He
~ relied, however, on rational
analysis when it came to comprehending, inferring and extracting legal
principles from the sources and contrary to the traditionists who looked at
the literal meaning of tradition alone, h e appears to have aimed at a gen-
eral legal interpretation of each tradition through comparison with other
similar traditions. In accordance with a commonly accepted practice in
later S h i ' i law, he appears to have tried to discover the rationale ('illa)
of a precept.' As mentioned, this method which establishes general
principles in legal matters without the need to rely on the specific texts in
traditions in.every case, was held to be a kind of qiycs in the early
centuries and was rejected by S h i ' i jurists in the same way that they
rejected the Sunni concept of q i y a . Like the adherents of rational
reasoning in the time of the Presence, among whom was Fadl b . ShZdhin,
Ibn al-Junayd was accused of employing qiyZs5 and r a ' y . As a result,
the works of Ibn al-Junayd were abandoned, in contrast to the works of
Ibn Abi 'AqTI. Thus, his legal opinions did not receive much attention
during the third and fourth stages of S h i ' i law,' in which legal thought
was affected to a great extent by the school of the traditionists.
In defence of his methodology, Ibn al-Junayd wrote a number of books,
the titles of some of which indicate his method in law, notably Kashf a/-
tamwTh wa'l-ilbcs "alZ oghmiir a/-ShT'a iT omr a/-qiyZs and If-hZr mZ
sataroh oh1 01-'iniid mmn
i 01-riwiiya 'an o'immat a/-'lira F omr a/-ijtihiid.'
Among prominent S h i ' i theologians, Abii Mubammad gasan b . Miis2
al-Nawbakhti (early 4thilOth c e n t u r y ) also maintained the same opinion
(see NajZshi , p . 50). It i s already well-known that mush disagreement
existed among the Mu'tazili theologians of the time, too, about the
validity of akhbiir 01-ZbZd (see 'Abd al-Majid, p . 94).
Mufid, Sarawiyya, p . 223.
Basan al-$adr, p . 302.
' Babr al-'Uliim, 111, p . 214; T u s t a r i , QZmGs, XI, p . 94.
. < D . 19. idem, Soraw~vya,u p . 222-3, Nalishi
,, . .
p . 302. Shaykh, Fihrist, p . 134; 1bn ~hahr~shiib-,-Mo'ii/im, p. 87;
'Alliima, Khuliiso, p . 145; Ibn Diwiid, p . 292; YabyZ al-Babriini, p . 306;
Amin al-Astaribidi , p . 30; uusayn al-Karaki , chapter eight; Babr
al'Uliim, 111, p . 207; Abii 'Ali, p . 346.
MuEd, Sarowiyyo, p . 223; Murtaaii, I n t i ~ i i r ,p . 238.
Mufid, SZghiiniyya, p . 19; Shaykh, Fihrist, p . 134; Ibn Diwiid,
p . 292.
MuEd, SZghiiniyyo, p . 19; KZ?imi, p p . 291-8.
Najishi, p . 301.
38 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW

He also justified his approach in his book: a/-Mosz'il a/-Mijriyya. ' legal problems. Al-Shahid al-ThAni, one of the later scholars of this same
Al-Mufid, the prominent S h i ' i scholar at the beginning of the 5 t h l l l t h ,tage says of Ibn al-Junayd that the sharpness of his grasp of problems,
century, who praised Ibn al-Junayd's intelligence2 came to disagree and his analysis was exceptional among classical S h i ' i jurists.
seriously with his legal method, subjecting it to criticism in a number of Ibn Abi 'Aqii and Ibn al-Junayd t h u s must be considered as the found-
his works, including his 01-MasZ'il ol-SZghiiniyyc~,~01-MasZ'ii oi- e r s of S h i ' i systematic law, as distinct from the Tradition. >
S a r a v i i y y a ~ n din two special treatises, one entiled: NoqQ' risiilat
111. The Intermediate School
a/-Junoyd7 i/F ahi Mijr, a refutation of 1bn al-Junayd's al-MasC'ii a/-
In this same period, there existed in S h i ' i centres of scholarship a
Mijriyya, and another called 01-NaqQ' 'alZ ibn a/-Junayd j 7 ijtihzd a/-ra'y.
group of jurists who, while holding the validity of many Zhiid traditions
Al-MuEd's students too have cited and rejected some of Ibn al-Junayd's
and while not offering an analytical systematic law comparable to that of
legal opinions in their works. ' the Qadimayn, followed the practice of ijtihiid, t h u s differentiating them-
Ibn al-Junayd's legal method which, on the one hand (and in contrast
selves from the conservative and narrow approach of the traditionists.
to al-Muf'id and his followers), accepted Chiid traditions as valid and con-
In short, they held an intermediary position between the two tendencies
sidered them as the principal source of law, and, on the other, gave
described above.
formal recognition to reason as the means through which precepts could
The school formulated its juridical opinions through the process of
be ascertained, was closer to the more developed S h i ' i legal methodolog-
extracting specific precepts from the general principles implied in trad-
ical practices of later periods than to those of his time. ' It is evidently
tions, or through selection or reconciliation when traditions were contra-
because of this similarity of methodology thattwo centuries after him, his
ictory. Opinions formed on this basis were not always uniform, and
legal opinions were quoted for the first time with a degree of revercnce,
his somctimes caused intense arguments on certain issues among the
by Ibn I d r i s , the S h i ' i scholar of the late 6thl12th century. From the
ollowers of this school. The case of "adad' ( i . e . the argument as to
second half of the 7thl13th century onwards, when rational analysis
hether the number of days of the month of RarnadZn likc the days of
pentrated more deeply into S h i ' i law, the works of this scholar received
ther months, conform to the laws of astronomy or have a fixed and
much praisc and admiration. Al-'AIlAma regarded him a s one of the out-
nalterable measure) was such a case about which the scholars of this
standing experts of jurisprudence, '"and cited many of his legal judg- chool were in disagreement among themselves, and produced many treat-
ments in his own works.'' The jurists of the fifth stage, especially
ses in defence of their own, or in refutation of the opposing views.'
al-Shahid al-Awwal, al-Fidil al-Miqdiid and Ibn Fahd, paid careful
The most important scholars of this tendency, whose views arc some-
attention to Ibn al-Junayd's opinions, and narrated his views on many
mes mentioned in the legal sources, are:
Muf'id, Sarawiyya, p. 224. 'Ali b . Bibawayh al-Qummi ( d . 3291904-1)
Idem, Szghiiniyya, pp. 18-19. ) Abu '1-Fad1 Muhammad b . Abmad al-sibiini al-Ju'fi, author of
Ihid., p p . 17-22. 01-Fiikhir (first half of the 4thllOth century)
' Idem, Sarawiyyo, pp. 222-4. ) Ja'far b . Mu4ammad b . Qiilawayh al-Qummi ( d . 3691979-80)
ibirl., p . 2 2 4 ; Najiishi, p . 312. ) Abmad b . Mubarnmad b . DAwGd b . 'Ali al-Qummi ( d . 3681978-9)
Najishi, p . 315.
' See Murtadi, IntijCr, pp. 77-8, 80-1, 83, 217, 227, 237-43, 244,
246; idem, al-Mawgiliyya ai-thzniya, £01. 34a; Ibn alkBarriij, Shorh
Jumai, pp. 244, 251.
T u s t a r i , Qiimiis, XI, p. 94. BaQr al-'UlCrn, 11, p. 218. See also Mufid, Sorawiyyo, p . 2 2 2 .
See Ibn Idris, p. 99. Muhaqqlq, Mu'tabar, p. 7; S;Ztpb al-hAadirik, H~dCyotol-lZ/ilib7nn,
01. 4b.
See 'AlIZma, UZh, pp. 88-9. Sec also Babr al-'Uliim, 111, pp. 205-6;
AB, IV, p. 510, XX, p . 177. h e e especially Ihn Tiiwiis, lqbiii, p . 6. Also Kiizimi, p . 139; A B , V ,
p . 236-8.
See 'Allima, KhuiC$o, p . 145; idem, TQ'Cb, p. 89.
40 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW
THE PERIODS OF SIlf'f LAW 41
3. THE RATIONALISTS
most outstanding of the Qunimiyyiin1land 'the head of the t r a d i t i o n i ~ t s ' , ~
As has been seen, the school of the traditionists gained control over the
I-Mufid criticized him harshly in some of his works, among them TogbTb
S h i ' i centres of learning from the early years of the period of Minor
01-i'tiqiid, a commentary on al-$adEqrs a/-l'tiqiidiit, ol-Mosii'il ai-soro-
Occultation (2601874) until the second half of the 4thllOth century. In
iyya3and Jawiib ah1 01-Uii'ir. The words he used in Jowiib ah1 a/- uii'ir
the last decades of that century, however, the emergence of a new school
ere so harsh' that some scholars doubted if it had indeed been written
placed the traditionists under pressure and exposed them to severe crit-
by al-Mufid, while some suggested that it was written by al-Sharif
icisms which gradually weakened, and finally reduced them to silence.
ai-Mutada6 or someone else. It is clear, however, that this treatise is by
The founder of this school was the theologian and jurist al-Shaykh
al-Mufid, since much of its content is similar to statements in his other
al-MuEd, AbE 'Abd Alli Mubunmad b . Mubarnmad al-Nu'min al-
works, notably in To$bTh a/-i'tiqcd,
Baghdidi Ibn al-Mu'allim ( d . 41311022). He had studied under Ahmad
b . Muhammad b . al-Junayd al-Iskifi , Muhammad b . 'Ali b . Bibawayh
a These harsh words, and al-Mufid's other crltlclsm of the oplnlons of
the traditionikts, l o reflect his great concern about the latters' domination
al-SadEq, Ja'far b . Muhammad b . Qiilawayh, Ahmad b . Mul?ammad b .
over the S h i ' i intellectual community, and his determination to revive the
Diwiid b . 'Ali al-Qummi and Abu '1-gusayn 'Ali b . Wugayf al-NZshi','
rational approach in law and theology. His pupil, al-Sharif al-Murtadi
and was accordingly, very well acquainted with the three legal schools of
also played an important part in weakening the school of traditionists. In
the 4thllOth century.
many of his works, notahly Jabiibiit 01-masc'il ai-Mowgiliyya a/-thr7litho, l2
In order to pave the way for the return of rational analysis in S h i ' i
lbtiil 01-'omol bi-akhbiir a/-6biid13 and 01-Radd 'a15 a ~ h i i b~ / - ' a d a dhe
~~
doctrine, he attacked and criticized the conservative approach of the
was very critical of the traditionists, and even accused all 'Qummiyyiin' of
traditionists in an attempt to break their position of dominance. In this,
being religious deviationists," with the only exception of al-$adEq,
he was to be successful. One factor which was instrumental in his suc-
toward whom he adopted a more moderate approach.
cess was that the traditionists of Qum, who spearheaded that school,
The attacks by al-MuEd, al-Murtaai and other S h i ' i theologians in the
maintained certain special views with regard to the Imims, and consid-
ered the attribution of any supernatural thing to them as a mark of
Shaykh, Fihrist, p. 157.
extremism (ghuluww) and religious deviation. Some even considered as
Babrini , uadii'iq, I , p . 170.
an extremist (ghiilr) anyone who believed that the Prophet was immune to
See p. 2 2 2 .
inadvertence (sohw).' In this matter, most later S h i ' i Akhbiris as well
' See pp. 112, 116, 118, 120. Also J a z i ' i r i , IV, pp. 34-5; Bahrini
as some Ugiili scholars sided with these early traditionists. These views KashkGl, I , pp. 218-19.
presumably were not popular among the common people who preferred to 'Ali b . Muhammad al-'Amili , a/-Durr a/-ManthZr, I , p. 100. See
also Macdermott, p. 41.
elevate the spiritual status of their Imams, and al-Mufid took advantage
of this unpopularity to break the power of his opponents. J a z i ' i r i , IV, p. 34; B a b r i n i , KoshkZl, pp. 218-19.
AB, V, p . 176.
In spite of the fact that he had studied with al-$adiiq who was 'the
KSzimi, p . 211; Tustari , Sohw 01-NobT, p . 2 . See also Majlisi 11,
XVII, p. 123, C X , pp. 165-7.
See pp. 156, 160, 178, 182-3, 186, 211, 2 2 2 .
See especially Amin al-Astaribidi, p . 30. lo
For instance 'Ukboriyya, fol. 59a. He also devoted a book to his
Mufid, Lamb a/-burhiin (quoted in Ibn Tiwiis, Iqbiil, p. 5); Shaykh, criticisms to the traditionists, entitled MoqiibG 01-anwiir fi 'I-radd 'a15
Fihrist, pp. 89-90, 134, 136, 157. oh1 01-okhbiir (Najishi, p. 315; AB, XXI, p. 375).
1 1 KSzimi, pp. 205, 211.
See Mimaqini, the introduction, p . 212, V, pp. 84, 249.
' See SadEq, I , pp. 234-5; Majlisi I , Rawdo, 11, pp. 451-2. Fo1. 40a.
J a z i ' i r i , 111, p . 131, IV, pp. 35-40. Among the ancient Ugiili S h i ' i l3 Fol. 142b.
scholars al-Tabrisi supported this view. See his Majrna' a/-bayiin , I ,
1 9 0 1 . 130b.
p . 181 (also IV, p. 317). See also Abii 'Ali, p . 45.
15
MurtadZ, lbtiil a/-'omol bi-okhbiir a/-iihcd, fol. 142b.
42 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'i LAW
first half of the 5 t h I l l t h century, resulted in the decline and fall of the
school of traditionists. Aspects of this severe controversy are recorded
in some of the sourcesZ in which the traditionists are referred to as the
'okhbiiriyya1, and the 'rationalists1 as 'mu'tozila' or 'koliimiyyo'. Al-Mufid
and al-Sharif al-Murtaai too, speak of the approach of 'mutakallimiinl and
'rnuboqqiqiin' as against that of the 'traditionists'.' In later S h i ' i sources,
the adherents of this rationalist school are referred to by the term
'ugCliyyol. Al-Mufid was taught law by Ja'far b . Mubarnmad b . QElawayh,
one of the jurists of the Intermediate tendency, and was familiar with the
other legal schools of his time. However, because of his rational and
analytical tendencies he was an admirer of Ibn Abi 'Aqil,' whose legal
approach was similar to his own.
The approach of the rationalists, as was described under the discussion
of the legal methods of Ibn Abi 'Aqil, relied firmly on general Qur'anic
principles and on widely transmitted (mutowiitir) traditions, and excluded
those traditions which did not provide certainty (Cbiid). Instead of the
latter, they conformed to thosc legal views which were accepted and con-
tinually practised among Shi'is (iifnZqZt). The process of inferring
'Abd al-Jalil al-Qazwini, p . 568.
For instance Shahrastzni , p. 178. It is strange that al-Babrini , who
belonged to the later Akhbiris of the sixth stage of S h i ' i law, thought
that 'nothing happened between the traditionists and muitahids (rational-
ist jurists) in the first centuries, although those ages were full of both
types of scholars' (uodii'iq, I , p . 169).
Shahrastini, pp. 169, 178; Sharif al-JurjZni, p . 629; Fakhr al-
RZzT , Mob$Cl (quoted in Kazimi , p. 203).
Muiid, AwZ'il a/-moqClCt, p . 98; Murtaaa, TobbCniyyiiL, £01. 2 .
" (ii)
'
See for instance 'Abd al-Jalil al-Qazwini, p p . 3, 178, 179, 190, 231,
235-7, 240, 272, 281, 282, 284, 415-16, 459, 481, 504, 506, 528, 569;
'Allama, NihCyot 01-wu$iil, fol. 200b.
Najishi, p. 95.
Ibid., p . 38.
"ee works of al-MuEd and al-Murtaai. Also Riwandi, Fiqh al-
Qur'iin, I , p . 4 . However, there were some dirferences between the
approach of al-Muiid and alkMurtadi. See further Brunschvig, p p . 208-11.
Thev had such a difference in theological matters as well. Al-Riwandi
( d . "57311178) collected the cases of d:lsagreements between al-Mufid and
al-Sharif al-MurtaaX in their works, in an independent treatise. He
gathered ninety-five theological cases upon which their opinions differed.
Al-Riwandi thought it would need a large book to gather all the cases on
which they had taken different standpoints (Ibn TZwiis, Koshf 01-mabajjo,
p . 2 0 ) . Likewise, there were many cases of disagreement between al-
Sharif al-Murtaai and Abu '1-Saliib al-galabi . Al-KarZjaki collected these
cases in a book entitled GhCyot a/-in$Zf ;f masci'il 01-khilCf in which he
tried to support al-Murtada's opinions (NEri , 111, p . 498/AB, XVI, p . 9 ) .
TI-IE PERIODS OF SHT'ILAW 43
precepts from the appropriate sources was done through rational analysis,
the procedures and rules of conduct of which were familiar to the theolog-
n s because of the latters' daily involvemtns with hard theological debates.
vertheless it should be noted that Long years of entrenched traditionist
fluence on S h i ' i scholarship had left deep marks on the overall patterns
0 S h i ' i thought, and had, over time, become an integral part of these
patterns. The different standpoints over certain problems between the
theologians of the Period of the Presence and those of later periods, spring
from this fact. '
The characteristic of the rationalist school, according to the above
account, is t h i i r refusal to relay on ZbZd traditions as a source of law.
Al-Mufid, al-Murtaai and their studentshall emphasized this point. The
three eminent scholars of the school, each of whom made his own original
contribution to i t , were:
(i) A1-Mufid, author of numerous legal treatises and texts such as
01-Muqni'o, 01-lc1Zm bi-mci ittofaqot 'oloyh 01-ImFmiyyo min 01-Abkiim
and o l ' A wT$ fi '/-obkZm
(ii) Al-Sharif al-MurtaQa, author of 01-lnti~iir, 01-Mosii'il 01-NZ$iriyyZt
and many other treatises
(iii) Abu '1-$alib Taqi al-Din b . Najm al-Din al-aalabi, author of
01-KZF fi 'I-fiqh and a pupil of al-Mufid
Other scholars of this school and interpreters of its views, whose original
contributions are less conspicuous, a r e :
(i) SallZr b . 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Daylami , author of 01-Moriisim al-
'Allawiyyo wo 'I-obkZm 01-Nobowiyya
Qadi 'Abd al-'Aziz b . al-Barrij al-Sham?, author of 01-Muhodhdhob,
01-JowZhir and Sharb Jumol olk'ilm wo '/-'om01
(iii) Abu '1-Hasan Mubammad b . Mubarnmad al-Bugrawi, a student of
al-Murtaai and author of 01-iMufTd fi '1-takiTf
Thcse differences were, however, in theological matters. In legal
discussions, they followed the samc approach. The invalidity of ZbZd
traditions, which was the main characteristic of this school of law, was
for instance supported by Fad1 b . Shadhan as well. See BaQr al-'UlEm,
111, p . 232; AB, XXIV, p . 2 8 7 .
See his: To$bTb 01-irtiqZd, p p . 179, 212, 227-9; Todhkiro, p . 193;
Sorawiyyo, pp. 223-5; JawZb ah1 a/-VZ'ir, pp. 112, 116. See also Ibn
Idris, p. 409; Mubaqqiq, Ma'cirii, p . 127.
In most of his works, as example: al-Mow$iliyya 01-thiiiitho, fol. 40a;
DharT'o, pp. 528-55.
'
For instance al-ljalabi , Toqrib 01-MaCiir!f, fol. 91a; Karajaki , p . 296;
bn al-Barraj, Shorb Jumol, pp. 170, 177, 256. See also Baha' al-Din
1-'Amili, Wa/Tzo, p. 6; K a ~ i m i ,p. 4 4 2 .
44 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW
(iv) Abu '1-Fath Muhammad b . 'Ali al-Karijaki
4. THE SCHOOL OF SHAYKH AL-TA'IFA
The rationalist school based its legal theories on the Q u r ' i n and on well-
known widely transmitted traditions. zb?d traditions on their own were
not considered to be a reliable source for law.
Shaykh al-Tii'ifa, Muhammad b . Basan al-Tfisi ( d . 46011067), known
simply a s 'al-Shaykh' in S h i ' i legal works, strove to retain the authority
of FbFd traditions as a source of law, ' while preserving the analytical and
rational method of law; a method which has remained the characteristic
of S h i ' i law up to the present time.
The method of Shaykh al-Tii'ifa, in
effect, combined the method of the rationalists with that of the tradition-
ists. The legal works of Shaykh al-Ti'ifa opened up much new ground in
S h i e i law. His K . a/-Mobs$ treated many cases which S h i ' i jurists had
not dealt with previously. His K. 01-Khiliif was the first notable work in
the field of comparative law among Shi'is. These two books were modelled
upon Sunni works, and through them an important part of Sunni legal
scholarship passed into S h i ' i law facilitating its further development.
S h i ' i law a t this stage benefited much from the heritage of Sunni legal
thought of the early centuries of Islam. At the same time, non-Shi'i
concepts, which were alien to traditional S h i ' i thought, also crept into
S h i ' i law and created some inconsistencies in i t . In his two works,
Shaykh al-Tii'ifa cited the text of some Sunni legal works literally and
then added his judgments on the basis of S h i ' i general principles o r
S h i ' i traditions in the form of marginal notes. His efforts to adjust non-
S h i ' i concepts to his own legal system were not always successful. As a
consequence, some confusion and inconsistencies are apparent in his
works, which were later refined by al-Mubaqqiq al-Villi.
More consonant with traditional S h i ' i legal thought, was Shaykh al-
Ti'ifals K. ol-NihZya, which became the most authoritative S h i ' i text for
two centuries. Apart from this, his 01-Jumoi wo 'I-'uqijd and some other
legal treatises of his have also survived. His two collections of traditions
TahdhTb 01-obk?m and 01-IstibgZr, became important sources of the law.
His approach towards contradictory traditions in these two books, and his
legal interpretation of them, deeply influenced S h i ' i law.
The school of Shaykh al-Ti'ifa maintained i t predominance in S h i ' i
See the chapter on okhbiir 01-*iid in his 'Uddo, pp. 25-63.
For this second, he was accused by the Akhbaris of following the
practice of qiycs. See Busayn al-Karaki, chapter 8.
THE PERIODS OF SHf'f LAW 45
legal scholarship for three centuries. During this time, it passed through
three stages:
( a ) The disciples of Shaykh al-Ti'ifa
The century after his death was the period of his pupils and imitators.
None of the S h i ' i jurists of this period produced any major novel ideas.
They merely quoted and explained al-Shaykh's statements and there-
fore have been called 'muqallido' (imitators). '
Sadid al-Din Mahmiid al-Bimmasi in the latter part of the 6thIl2th
century said that after al-Shaykh, the Shi'a had no m u f f ( meaning a
jurisconsult with independent judgments) and that all S h i ' i jurists after
him were merely narrators and expounders of his views.
The most prominent scholars of this period, whose names and works are
mentioned in the legal sources, are:
(i) Abfi 'Ali Basan b . Muhammad h . Basan al-Tiisi , son of al-Shaykh
(d. after 515/1121), author of Sharb 01-Nihiiya and a/-Murshid ilF
sob2 ol-fa'abbud
(ii) Ni~zm&Din Sulaymiin b . wasan al-Qahrashti, a student of al-
Shaykh and author of l$bZb oolShTCabi-mi$biib 01-shot-7'0
(iii) 'Ali' al-Din 'Ali b . Basan al-Balabi, author of IshFrot ol-sobq
ilii mo'rifat 01-boqq
(iv) Abfi 'Ali Fag1 b . Basan Amin al-Islim al-Tabrisi ( d . 54811158),
author of 01-Muntokhab min Mosii'il 01-khiliif
(v) 'Imiid al-Din Muhammad b . 'Ali b . Bamza al-Tfisi ( d . after 5661
1171), author of 01-WasTlo il? nay1 a/-fofila
(vi) Qutb al-Din Sa'id b . Hibat Allih al-Riwandi ( d . 57311178), author
of Fiqh a/-Qur'iin
(vii) Qutb al-Din Muhammad b . Qusayn al-Kaydari al-Bayhaqi ( d . after
576/1181), author of 01-l$biib
(viii) Rashid al-Din Muhammad b . 'Ali b . Shahrashfib al-Sarawi ( d . 5881
1192), author of Mutashiibih 01-Qur'Zn wa mukhtolifuh
( b ) The period of criticism
A century after the death of al-Shaykh, in the second half of the 6thl
12th century, a number of scholars arose in opposition to the fundamental
principles of his school. Rejecting the validity of ?@Zd traditions as a
source of law, they revived the rational method of al-Sharif al-Murtaai.
See Kiqimi , p. 4 4 2 .
Ibn Tiiwiis, Koshf al-Mobajjo, p. 127; Busayn b . 'Abd al-Qamad,
Wu$Cl 01-akhycr, p. 33; Sahib al-Ma'ilim, p. 179; Abu '1-Qisim b .
Basan al-Yazdi, I , p . 2 0 ; KhwZns:ri, VII, p . 161.
46 AN INTRODUCTION TO S ~ f ' fLAW
The prominent representatives of this new tendency, which did not
develop any further after them, are:
1. Sadid al-Din Mabmiid b . 'Ali al-IJimmagi al-Rizi ( d . after 58311187) ' (iv)
2. 'Izz al-Din Abu '1-Makirim vamza b . 'Ali b . Zuhra al-JJalabi ( d . 5851
1189-90), author of Ghunyat a i - n ~ z L i ' ~
3. Mubarnmad b . Mangiir b . Abmad b . Idris al-villi ( d . 59811202), author
of a/-Sorb'ir
To this list some other scholars of the same period could be added, who
in their positive legal doctrlne followed al-Shaykh, and hence we mentioned
them among his disciples, but in theory and under the influence of the
works of al-Sharif al-Murta(ra, they maintained the invalidity of ZbZd
traditions. Among them were Qutb al-Din al-~jlwandi' and Ibn
Shahrishiib.
The most radical proponent of this tendency was Ibn Idris. His critic-
ism of the views and the legal approach of al-Shaykh was so strong that it
was considered by some later scholars to have exceeded proper bounds.
Although Ibn Idrisls critical views did not attract many supporters,
they did stimulate efforts to take S h i ' i law out of its static mould, and
t h u s furthered its evolution. The main characteristics of Ibn Idrisls
approach were his critical eye and his independent thought, which are
observable even in the preface and conclusion of his a/-SorZ'ir. ' Ja'far, b . IJasan al-ljilli ( d . 67611277) author of Shorb'i' 01-IslZm,
During the 7thl13th century, a number of jurists offered some new
opinionss which are cited in the legal sources. They a r e :
(i) Muhadhdhab al-Din vusayn b . Muhammad al-NiSi (early 7thl13th
century)
(ii) Mu'in al-Din SXlim b . Badrin al-Migri (alive in 62611231), author
of TobrTr 01-farZ'id and a/-Mo'Lino
See his opinions about ZbZd traditions in Ibn Idris, SorZ'ir, pp. 409-
11, quoting from al-JJimma~i's01-Mosbdir.
See his view about akhbbr ool@xid in his Ghunyo, pp. 537-9.
See his view on okhbbr a/-Zbbd in his 01-5orZ'ir, p . 4 .
4 See his view in that case in his Fiqh a/-Qur3%, I , p . 4 .
See his opinion in his MutoshZbTbih 01-Qur'bn, 11, pp. 153-4
See as an example of those judgments NajaE, X I X , p . 37.
See i t , p p . 4, 404. It is to be notcd that this book is full of useful
philological, genealogical and biographical information which demonstrates
that Ibn Idris was well acquainted with different branches of Islamic
scholarship.
a 01-ibkiirn and
See 'AllZma, Muntohb, p . 4 . These scholars followed al-Shaykh in
their general methodology.
THE PERIODS OF SHf'i LAW 47
(iii) Zayn al-Din Mubamrnad b . Qisim al-Barzihi al-Naysjlbiiri (alive in
66111263)
Najib al-Din Muhammad b . Ja'far b . Hibat Allzh b . Nimi ( d . 6451
1248)
(v) Sadid al-Din Yiisuf b . al-Mutahhar al-villi (alive in 66511267)
(vi) Ahmad b . Miisi b . TXwiis al-tlilli ( d . 67311274-5), author of
BushrZ 01-rnuboqqiqTn
(vii) Yahyjl b . Sa'id al-villi ( d . 68911290), author of J h i ' a/-shorZ'1'
and Nuzhot ol-nZ?ir
(viii) 'Imid al-Din Uasan b . 'Ali al-Tabari (alive in 698112991, author
of ol'Umdo, Nahi o l ' i r f i n and 01-Fog% a/-munhii
( c ) Al-Muhaqqiq and alk'Al1ima
The legal heritage of alkShaykh, though fertile in new perspectives,
was, nevertheless, as yet immature and inconsistent, and needed further
refinement and organization. Some of the elements which he adopted from
Sunni law remained tied to their original framework, and were not well
absorbed and adjusted to the new system. If S h i ' i law was to benefit
fully from these elements, the whole system had to be adjusted and reorg-
anized in order to accommodate them.
This task was accomplished by al-Mubaqqiq, Najm al-Din Abu 'I-Qisim
01-Mukhtogor 01-niifi', a/-Mu'tobor , Nukot 01-Nihcyo and other legal
works. He refined the Shaykh al-Ti'ifa's legal heritage in detail, collected
and rearranged his opinions on various subjects, harmonized his legal
doctrine and thus restored its authority which had been discredited by
Ibn Idris's criticism. He contested these criticisms vigorously and
defended al-Shaykh's legal doctrine.
A1-Mubaqqiq's main contribution to S h i ' i law, therefore, was his recon-
struction and refinement of al-Shaykhls legal system, which placed S h i ' i
law on a firmer bases enabled its further development. His student
al-'Allima, Basan b . Yiisuf b . al-Mutahhar al-villi followed this same
course. He strove to elaborate and expand the law on the basis of al-
Shaykh's legal doctrine and of al-Mubaqqiqts reorganization. He wrote
many books on different branches of law, which all became important
works of reference for later jurists. Among them were Mukhtaiof 01-ShT'a,
Todhkirot oi-fuqahZ, MuntahZ a/-Motlob, TabrTr 01-obkZm 01-shor'iyyo,
Tabzirot 01-muto'ollimTn, Qowo'id 01-obkiim, lrshiid oolodhhiin, NihCyot
TolkhT$ a/-morbrn.
Alk'Allima contributed to the development of S h i ' i law particularly in
 48 A N INTRODUCTION TO S H T ' ~LAW
two areas. He greatly enlarged the section on legal transactions on the
basis of relevant general rules mainly taken from Sunni law. His efforts
in this area reflect his thorough knowledge of Sunni legal principles. His
second contribution was the introduction of mathematics, in which he was
well versed, into the law. He seems to be the first prominent scholar to
use advanced mathematical rules in the relevant legal subjects such a s the
law of inheritance, the times of prayer (awqFt 01-galct) and the direction
of prayer (qibla). He also made great contributions to the development of
S h i ' i law through his criticism of the transmitters of the traditions, his
implementation of a novel classification for the S h i ' i traditions according
to the degree of authority of their narrators2 and his refinement of
ugGl 01-fiqh through his numerous u$Gl works.
To sum u p , the legal doctrine of Shaykh al-Ti'ifa which had become
predominant in the S h i ' i community from the middle of the S t h l l l t h cen-
tury onwards, reached its highest level of refinement in the latter half of
the 8thl14th century as a result of al-Mubaqqiq's clarification and
systemization, and al-'All&na1s elahoration and expansion. Its definitive
formulation appeared in the works of these two scholars. The pupils and
followers of them all worked within this same legal framework. The most
renowned of them, whose views have been cited in the legal works, are:
(i) Abu Mubarnmad Basan b . Abi Tilib al-Yiisufi al-iibi , Ibn Zaynab,
author of Koshf a/-rurniiz (composed in 67211274)
(ii) 'Amid al-Din 'Abd al-Muttalib b . Muhammad al-uusayni al-A'raji
( d . 154113531, author of Konz 01-fawc'id
(iii) Fakhr al-Mubaqqiqin, Mubarnmad b . JJasan al-villi, son of al-
'AllZma ( d . 77111370), author of Tp'c~,01-fawc'id
5. THE SCHOOL OF AL-SI-IAHTD AL-AWWAL
It was in the second stage of i t s development that S h i ' i law emerged as an
independent and systematic legal structure.
The legal works which have
survived from the second and the third stages, reflect the traditional
style of S h i ' i law which Shaykh al-Ta'ifa followed in his a/-Nihcya.
But
He had been preceded in the application of advanced mathematical
rules in this case by Mu'in al-Din al-Migri in his TabrTr 01-farii',p' (see
AB , 111, p . 377), followed by Nagir al-Din al-Tusi in his ol-Forc'iQ' al-
NogTriyya (ibid., XVI, p . 150).
This novel classification was originally initjated by al-'Alliima's teacher
JamXl al-Din Abmad b . Miisi b . TXwiis, author of Bushrii 01-iC:uboqqiqTn
( T u r a y b i , Jiimi' 01-moqiil, chapter 56) and gained popularity through its
vast implementation by al-'Allzma in his works.
THE PERIODS OF S H T ' ~ LAW 49
after this, and with the appearance of his a/-MobsGt and a/-KhilGf which
incorporate Sunni legal methods and concepts, some fundamental changes
appeared in the form and content of S h i ' i law.
With regard to form, the new expositions of the law turned into a mix-
ture of the two legal systems. They usually covered legal topics on the
basis of Sunni legal texts, first citing the views of Sunni jurists, usually
those quoted in a/-KhilLif, and then presenting the opinions of S h i ' i
scholars. ~l-KbT , a student o f al-Mubaqqiq and author of Kashf 01-rumiir ,
was one of the first S h i e i authors who did not follow the approach and
refrained from quoting the opinion of Sunnis in his own book. The
students of al-,'Allima, notably Fakhr al-Mubaqqiqin in his book Tp'cb
01-fowz'id, followed al-.&bitslead and omitted the analysesand opinions of
Sunni scholars.
With regard to content, the additional subsidiary legal cases first dis-
cussed in 01-Mabsiif and later in the works of al-'Allima in the section on
transactions, were borrowed from Sunni works and continued to be pres-
ented on the basis of the principles of Sunni law. Hence, a study of the
foundations of Sunni law became crucial to the understanding and study
of S h i ' i legal sources.
Al-Shahid al-Awwal, Shams al-Din Mubarnmad b . Makki al-'Amili
( d . 78611384) in his 01-Qawz'id wo 'I-fawLi'id reformulated the fundamental
rules and principles of S h i ' i law, and in applying them, changed the con-
tents of S h i ' i law and provided it with an independent identity,
On the basis of the same principles, al-Shahid opened up new grounds
for S h i ' i law and introduced discussions of many new subsidiary cases.
Thus his legal system was quite distinct frorn those of his predecessors
both in methods and contents. His legal works, such as 01-Qawz'id wo 'I-
fawii'id, a/-Duriis 01-shor'iyya, ChLiyat 01-murLid, a/-BayLin, a/-Alfiyyo and
ol-Lum'o 01-Dimashqiyya are among the most important works of Shi'i law.
Scholars after him for about one and a half centuries continued to
adhere to his school a n d , though they offered c e r ~ a i nnovel opinions, they
mostly directed their efforts towards explaining his views. The most
renowned among them were:
(i) Ibn al-Khazin, Zayn al-Din, 'Ali b . ljasan b . al-Khizin al-JJa'iri
(early 9thll5th century)
(ii) Ibn al-Mutawwij, Abmad b . 'Abd Alliih al-Babrini ( d . 8201141718),
author of 01-NihZya IT tofsTr 01-Khornsrni'ot cya
(iii) A1-FXGil al-Miqdiid, Miqdid b . 'Abd Allah al-Suyiiri al-Uilli
( d . 826114231, author of Konz a/-'irfin and a/-TanqTb 01-rz'i'

(iv) Ibn Fahd, Ahmad b . Mubammad b . Fahd al-Asadi al-LIilli ( d . 8411
1437-81, author of 01-Muhodhdhab 01-biiri' , 01-Miijaz al-bCwT and
a/-Muqta$or
(v) Shams al-Din Mubarnmad b . Shuji' al-Qattiin al-villi (first half of
the 9thllSth c e n t u r y ) , author of Ma'zlim ol-din f7 fiqh A/ YiisTn
(vi) Muflib b . uusayn al-Saymari ( d . after 87811473-41, author of
Chiiyot 01-marzrn, Kashi a/-iltibiis and Jowiihir 01-kalimiit
(vii) Ibn Nilil, 'Ali b . Muhammad b . HilZl al-Jazi'iri ( d . 909-9151
1504-10)
(viii) IbrZhim b. Sulaymin al-Qatifi ( d . after 544511539), author of T#zb
01-Niifi'
(ix) Al-Shahid al-Thini , Zayn al-Din, b . 'Ali b . Abmad al-'Amili
( d . 96611559), author of ol-Rowp'a ul-bohiyyo, Masiilik 01-ofhh
and Rawp' a/-jiniin
6. THE LACY OF THE SAFAVID PERIOD
S h i ' i law during the period of the Safavids (907-113511502-1722) may be
divided into three schools which although appearing one after another,
continued to exist and evolve side by side for a long time.
( a ) The school of al-Mubaqqiq al-Karaki
Al-Mubaqqiq 'Ali b . uusayn b . 'Abd ai-'iili al-Karaki ( d . 94011534)
was a leading figure in S h i ' i scholarship in the early Safavid period and
made a major contribution to the development of S h i ' i law.
Al-Karaki's law differed in two respects from earlier formulations.
Firstly, he was able through stringent legal reasoning to place S h i e i law
on a more stable and solid footing by way of reconstructing and strength-
ening i t s principles. He analysed legal problems thoroughly, paying
meticulous attention to the discussions and arguments previously advanced
about them, and used his power of reason and analysis to arrive at his own
judgment. Earlier analyses of legal questions were rather superficial and
inadequate. He based his judgments on a thorough investigation both in
favour of and against them. His legal doctrine, therefore, was much more
solidly argued than had been doctrines by earlier jurists.
Secondly, he paid close attention to certain problems which had arisen
a s a result of the change of the political situation with the adoption of
Shi'ism a s the official religion of I r a n .
These problems included the
limits of the legal power of the foqTh ( j u r i s t ) ; the legitimacy of Friday
prayer in the absence of the Inlam, the land tax e t c . , which prior to the
rise of the S h i ' i Safavid dynasty had not been in question.Al-Karaki
himself discussed these questions in detail in his legal works, such a s his
THE PERIODS OF SHT'T LAW
3 Jiirn~'01-rnaq?i$~d, 7o'ITq 01-lrshiid and Fowii'id 01-Sharii'~' and also wrote
separate treatises on some of them.
Most of the S h i ' i jurists who succeeded al-Karaki up to the end of the
Safavids, were influenced by his legal approach. The more well-known of
these scholars whose names and views are cited in legal sources a r e :
IJusayn b . 'Abd al-samad alk'xmili ( d . 98411576)
(i)
'Abd al-'Ali b . 'Ali b . 'Abd al-'Ali al-Karaki, his son ( d . 9931
(ii)
15851, author of Sharb ol-lrshod
B a h i ' al-Din Mubammad b . uusayn al-'Amili ( d . 103011631), author
(iii)
of Mashriq 01-sharnsayn, Jiimi0-i 'AbbijsT, a/-Fob1 01-motTn and
a/-lthn5'oshariyy~t
(iv) Mubammad BZqir b . Shams al-Din Mubarnmad al-Astarabadi,
al-DamZd ( d . 104011630-11, author of Shiiri' 01-najiit
Sultan al-'Ulamii' , Ijusayn b . Rafi' al-Din Muhammad al-Mar'ashi
(v)
( d . 106411653-4)
(vi) uusayn b . JamZl al-Din Mubammad al-KhwZnsZri ( d . 109811687),
author of MoshFririq 01-shurniis
(vii) Jamil &Din Muhammad b . uusayn al-Khwinsiri ( d . 112511713),
author of Hiishiyo 'ala 'I-Rowp'a 01-bohiyya
(viii) Al-Fipil al-Hindi , Mubammad b . al-IJasan al-Igfahiini ( d . 11371
1725), author of Koshfol-lithiim and al-Maniihij 01-sawiyya
( b ) The school of al-Muqaddas al-Ardabili
A1-Mubaqqiq Abmad b . Mubarnmad al-Ardabili, known a s al-Muqaddas
( d . 543311585), author of Mojrno' a / - E ' i d a wa 'I-burhzn and Zubdot al-
bayiin, developed his own special and independent legal method which gave
rise to a distinct and significant school. His method was characterized by
f systernatlc, Independent rational arguments based on his personal jnridlcal
analysis which entirely ignored the opinions and views of previous
scholars. Although he did not bring about any fundamental changes in
the methodology and structure of the law, his extreme precision and
exactitude, together with his independent method and juridical boldness
made his school quite distinctive.
1 Some of the best scholars of this period were followers of hls approdch.
The most famous are:
(i) Mubammad b . 'Ali al-MGsawi al-'xmili, $%bib al-Madirik ( d . 10091
1600), author of Modiirik al-obkiim and Hidiiyot 01-LiilibTn
(ii) yasan b . Zayn al-Din alEeAmili, sahib al-Ma'alim ( d . 101111602),
author of Mo'iilim 01-din and Munlaqii 01-jurnzn
iii) 'Abd Allah b . IJusayn al-Tustari ( d . 102111621), author of Jiimi'
52 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H T ' ~ LAW
01-fowii'id
ethod of legal reasoning which is based on rational argument, is not the
(iv) Muhammad BZqir b . Muhammad Mu'min al-SabzawZri ( d . 109011679),
ly way to the discovery of legal norms. In most of his other works,
author of DhakhTrat 01-mo'iid and KiEyat 01-abkiim
e cirticized the legal method of S h i ' i jurists and blamed them for being
Muhsin al-Fayo, author of 01-Wiit7, MuCta$ama/-ShTco and MafiitTb a/-
itators of the lancients'. 'Abd al-Nabi b . Sa'd al-Jazi'iri, a slightly
shorii'i', may also be included in the above list. Although an advocate of
later jurist, criticized the legal approach of the Ugiili school in his
the AkhbZri school of this period, he approved of al-Ardabili's independ-
01-lqti$iid ff,-sharb a/-lrshiid3 (written in 101511606-7). A $adr (the chief
ent approach and followed it in practice. Like the followers of al-
religious dignitary) of the Safavid court in the first half of the l l t h I l 7 t h
Ardabili (especially sahib al-Madirik and al-SabaawZri), he preferred the
century is quoted as having said that no S h i ' i mujtohid remained in Iran
opinions of al-Ardabili in many cases where the latter deviated from
or the Arab world in his time.' Al-Muqaddas al-Ardabili never hesitated,
those of previous Shi'i scholars.' Muhammad Biqir b . Mubarnmad Taqi
as noted before, to reject the opinions of all previous jurists wherever
al-Majlisi, author of Mir ' Z t 01-'uqiil and Bibiir a/-on wiir, too, was inter-
they excluded traditions on the basis of a rational argument. His stud-
ested in the views of al-Ardabili and $%bibal-MadZrik, and cited them
ents like Muhammad b . 'Ali al-'xmili, author of Modiirik 01-obkiim followed
frequently in his own works.
the same line. 'Abd AllZh b . Busayn al-Tustari in early l l t h l l 7 t h
( c ) Akhbirism
century made a great contribution to the rivival of the OodTth literature.
The school of the traditionists had been overcome by the Shi'i
Basan b . Zayn al-Din al-'Amili also made, at the same time, his contrib-
rationalists at the end of the 4thllOth century, though a limited number
ution to the field through his works Muntoqii a/-jumiin and a/-TobrTr a/-
of its supporters survived here and there. They were not active and were
threfore largely ignored by others. It was not until the beginning of the
4 TawiisT. Many other works appeared m the flrst half of the same century
on the bodTth literature, mostly inspired by the teachings of 'Abd Allih
l l t h l l l t h century that their school was revived by Muhammad Amin al-
al-Tustari.' Subjects such as the validity or invalidity of the traditions
A s t a r i b i d i ( d . 103611626-1) in his book a/-Fawii'id 01-Modoniyyo.
as a source of law had again become points of debate among the jurists of
A suitable ground for the revival of the traditionist school had gradu-
early decades of the same century. The value of logic and philosophy in
ally been provided from early lOthll6th century onwards. Around the
Islamic scholarship had already come under question.' Elements such as
middle of the same century, a tendency calling for more freedom in S h i ' i
these contributed enormously to the appearance of a new traditionist
law began to gain popularity. Al-Shahid al-Thini wrote a treatise against
following the legal judgments of the previous jurists without examining vusayn b . 'Abd al--gainad, MaqCla IT wujiih 01-ifti' wo boyiin al--%oqq
a'!: kull man 'olim bih. See also AB , XXI, p . 407.
their bases.' His pupil Busayn b . 'Abd al-Samad al-'Amili, shoykh
See his Risiilo fl bukm 01-bu$r wo 'I-bowiirT wa sahm 01-lmiim, p . 217;
a/-lsliim of the Safavid court, followed the same line and wrote a similar Tis' masi'il, p. 2 5 6 ; Risiilo IT tobqTq ba'p' a/-mosii'il a/-fiqhiyya, pp.
treatise on the same subject in which he held that ijtihiid, i.e. the normal 123-4. The MS 1836 of the Majlis Library, Tehran, contains a copy of the
first treatise mentioned above alongside some other works on the Usiili-
AkhbZri dispute, including Amin al-AstaribZdits 01-Fowii'id a/-Modaniyya
See for instance Najafl , XVI , p . 71. This author (Muhammad Basan (see the catalogue of the Majlis Library, IX, p . 493). This shows that
b . Muhammad BZqir al-Najafl, author of JowChir a/-koliim) did not favour uusayn b . 'Abd al-$amad's works were regarded as in the vanguard of
the independent method of these scholars and their disregard of the that dispute.
opinions of the previous S h i ' i jurists. So he spoke of those three col-
lectively as 'the followers (otbC') of al-Muqaddas'. See pp. 18-136 of this work.
For the story of this revival and its background, see especially Amin
'
KamaraSi, Risiilo dor ithbiit-i luriim-i wujijd-i mujtahid dor zamiin-i
al-AstarZbZdi, Diinishniima-yi shiihT; KhwZnsiri , I , p . 121. ghaybat, pp. 2-3.
It has been said that Ibn Abi Jumhiir al-AhsZ'i, a S h i ' i theologian See his Mojmo' 01-fii'ido wo 'I-burhiin, passim.
with giifi tendencies of early lOthll6th century, was a follower of the trad- See K h w i n s i r i , IV, p p . 235, 240, 243.
itionist school (see KhwZnsZri, VII, p . 331, but there is enough evidence
in his works to deny this accusation. See Niiri, 111, p . 361 quoting Ibn Ibid; AD, X , p . 126, XV, p . 73.
Abi Jumhiir's Kiishifot 01-bcl; also AB , XVIII , p . 300. See KhwZusZri , IV, p . 238.
' AB, X, p . 42. MS MI6913 Los Angeles ( c a t . , pp. 667-8). Shahid 11, Risiilo fl t o q r d 01-mayyit (quoted in al-MZbiizi, 01-'Ashora
kiimilo, p. 242. See also AB, IV, p. 392).
54 A N INTRODUCTION TO S ~ i ' L
iAW
school and its rapid development and predominance.
The new traditionist school, which was now called by its other old name,
A k h b i r i , was, like its predecessor, opposed to the rational, analytical
approach to the law and adhered strictly to the outward, literal meanings
of the traditions. In the ahove-mentioned work, Amin al-Astaribidi
argued against rational analysis and reasoning as a means of discovering
legal norms, and utterly dismissed the principles of u$iriii a/-fiqh which had
been evolved in order to define the rational method. This approach basic-
ally resembled the more radical wing of the early traditionists which
considered all traditions transmitted from the Imims as authentic.
The focus in Amin al-AstarZbidils argument was on the invalidity and
peccability of the Aristotelian logic which had been the basis for the
S h i ' i jurists in their legal reasonings. The main difference between the
two S h i ' i legal tendencies of Ugiili and Akhbiri was the validity or inval-
idity of reason in connection with religious matters, although many other
points of disagreement, mostly of the same type, existed at the same time.'
The Akhbiri school found its way to Iraq in the fourth decade of the
l l t h l l 7 t h century and was followed by most of the jurisconsults of Najaf
and other S h i ' i centres of learning in Mesopotamia. In Iran, the major-
ity of the jurists of the provinces in the second half of the same century
supported this tendency. ' The religious academy of Igfahin, which was
the largest centre of S h i ' i learning, was dominated by the U g i i T ~ ,although
the first Majlisi, Mubarnmad Taqi b . Maqgiid 'Ali ( d . 107011659-60),
author of Rowp'at ol-rnuttoqii, and Lawiirni'-i $rSbibqorrSnT inclined to
Akhbirism, and his son Mubarnmad BZqir, al-Majlisi 11 supported a method
between Akhbirism and U g E l i ~ m . ~
Zayn al-Din 'A17 b . Sulaymin b .
Darwish b . uitim al-Qadami al-Babrxni ( d . 106411653-4) took Akhbirism
See Bihbahini, Fowli'id, pp. 436-8; Khwinsari, I , pp. 127-30.
See J a z i ' i r i , Manba', pp. 275-8; Samihiji, p p . 375-9 ialso quoted
in KhwinsZri, I , pp. 127-20); 'Abd Allih al-Jazi'iri, pp. 381-2;
Shubbar, Bughyo, the whole work; Dizfiili, Fliririiq a/-boqq, the whole
work (86 points of disagreement are mentioned); KZshif al-Ghiti, al-(foqq
a/-mubin, p p . 76-89; Ri@ al-Qazwini, 01-Farq buyn ol-AkhbZriyyTn wa
'I-Ugiriiliyyin, the whole work.
Majlisil, Lawfii', I , p . 16; KhwinsZri, I , p . 137.
' See Majlisi I , Rowp'a, I , p . 2 1 .
Idem, Lawlirni', I , pp. 16, 30: Khwinsiri, I , pp. 136-7, 11, p . 119.
Majlisi 11, Soyr wa suliriik, fol. 53a. See also his ZrSd ol-rno'lid, pp.
557-8 (quoted in BabrZni , (fadli'iq, XII, p . 268).
THE PERIODS OF ~ H i ' fLAW 55
from Iran to Bahrain. During this century, the animosity between
Akhbal-is and Ugiilis had not yet become strong. Sharper opposition bet
ween them, however, began to appear from the last decades of thc same
century.
The AkhbZri tendency gained supremacy in all S h i ' i centres of
learning in the following century, and held S h i ' i law in its grasp for
several decades until the second half of that century, when it again
declined in the face of Ugiili resurgence. Elahrain was the stronghold of
this school during this period and has remained so up to the present,
after the demise of Akhbirism in Iran and Iraq.
There are f6w AkhbXrT jurists who held independent views on legal
matters. Two prominent AkhbZri scholars stand out for their moderate
approach. They are:
(i) Mubsin al-Fay@
(ii) Yiisuf b . Abmad al-Babrini, $%bib al-uadi'iq ( d . 118611772),
author of ol-UodZ'iq ol-nii(iira.
Some other leading figures of this school were:
(i) KhalTl b . GhZzi al-Qazwini ( d . 108811677), author of two comment-
aries on al-Kulayni's K . ol-KliF
(ii) Mubarnmad b . uasan al-uurr al-'Amili , author of Wosli'il ol-ShT'a
(iii) Ni'mat Allih t). 'Abd AllZh al-JazZ'iri ( d . 111211700), author of
ChZyat al-rnorlirn and Koshf 01-asrlir
(iv) Sulaymin b . 'Abd Allih al-Babrini al-Mibiizi (d.112111709)
(v) 'Abd Allih b . $Zlib al-SamZhiji al-BabrZni ( d . 113511723).
7. THE SCHOOL OF A L - W A ~ T D AL-BIHBAHANT
A s mentioned above, the Akhbiri school which predominated in S h i ' i
centres of scholarship from the first half of the 12thl18th century, rejec
ted the traditional methodology of law upon which ijtihrSd had relied, and
forbad its study or usage. As a result, this discipline was abandoned and
forgotten. There is no mention of any important rnujtahids in the history
of S h i ' i law during the middle of that century. Only a very few continued
to teach a limited number of students in small schools, distant from urban
religious and academic centres.
In the second half of this same century, an outstanding Shi'i jurist
BabrZni, Lu'lu'a, p. 13; Tunukibuni, p. 227; AB, X V , p. 76.
The name 'Bahrain' is used here in its old meaning which included the
mainland of al-Qatif and al-Absi' inhabited by Shi'is.
56 A N INTRODUCTlON TO SHf'f LAW
with a genius for rational argument and analysis, succeeded in dismantling
the influence of the AkhbirT school and in establishing a new rational
school in S h i ' i law. This scholar was Muhammad Biqir b . Mubammad
Akmal al-Bihbahini , known a s al-Wahid ( d . 120511791), who produced
many legal works, among them: a/-Fowc'id a/-uii'iriyyo and Sharb MofijtTb
a/-shorz'i'.
Conditions for such a change were, to some e x t e n t , facilitated by some
A k h b i r i scholars in the mid-12thll8th ccntury. Scholars such a s $adr
al-Din Muhammad b . Muhammad Biqir al-Hamadini ( d . after 115111738-9)
in his Shorb 01-WFfiya, YEsuf b . Abmad al-Babrini ( d . 118611772) in the
introduction to his a/-uodii'iq a/-niigiro, Mahdi b . Mubarnmad Silib al-
FutCini al-'xmili ( d . 118311769-70) in the introduction to his NatZi'ii
a/-okhbcr,' Mubammad b . 'Ali al-Maqibi al-Babrini ( d . after 116911756)
in the introduction to his Nukhbot o l - ~ $ Z l ,and
~ o t h e r s 3 accepted some of
the Ugiilis' arguments, rejected some A k h b i r i approaches and followed a
more moderate line. Treatises against the AkhbZri doctrine had already
begun to appear before the middle of t h e Century. ' last fundamental change which occurred in S h i ' i law and which led to
Through severe continuous mental e f f o r t , al-Bihbahini managed to
re-establish the authority of reason and rational argument in law. The
legal system of his school was the first to be constructed entirely in accord
with t h e rules and principles of ugGl 01-fiqh. He worked hard on the
elaboration of his method and on the rehabilitation of ugZl 01-fiqh. His
legal work which i s representative of a logical law, woven into a solid and
integrated legal system, cannot be easily compared with preceding systems
Al-Bihbahini had prominent pupils and followers who carried on his
school and spread his legal doctrine. The most renowned of them a r e :
(i) Mubammad Mahdi b . MurtaQi al-Tabitabi'i, Babr alCUlCim
( d . 121211797), author of al-MagiibTI.?
(ii) Jawid b . Muhammad al-Ijusayni al-'Xmili ( d . 122611811), author
of Miftiib a/-kariima
(iii) Ja'far b . KhiQr al-Najafi, Kishif al-GhitZ'(d. 122811813), author
of Koshf a/-ghitii'
(iv) 'Ali b . Mubarnmad 'Ali al-Tabitabii'i al-Karbali'i, Sahib al-Riyip
See AB, XXIV, p . 4 2 .
I b i d . , XXIV, p . 93.
See for instance ibid., XXI, p . 402.
"or instance RisZilo f7 wujGb ittibii' ol-mujtohid li-~onnihb y Mubamma
Ismi'il b . Mubammad ljusayn al-KhwijCi'i al-Isfahini ( d . 117311759-601,
written in 113711724-5.
THE PERIODS OF SHT'? LAW 57
( d . 123111815), author of Riyiip' 01-mosii'il
(v) Abu '1-Qisim b . Ijasan al-Gilini al-Qurnmi ( d . 123111816), author
of Jiimi' 01-shotct, Chonii'im a/-ayyiim and Maniihij 01-ohkern
vi) Asad Allah b . Ismi'il al-Tustari al-Kizimi, $:bib al-Maqibis
( d . 123411818-191, author of Maqiibis ol-anwiir
vii) Muhammad b . 'Ali al-Tabitabi'i al-Mujihid ( d . 124211827), author
of 01-Monchil
viii) Abmad b . MubammadMahdi al-NarZqi ( d . 124511829), author of
Mustanod 01-ShF'o and Moniihij 01-obkcm
) Mubammad B i q i r b . Muhammad Naqi al-Miisawi al-Shaft:, Ijujjat
al-Islim ( d . 126011844), author of Maliili' 01-onwG
) wasan b . Ja'far al-Najafi A1 Kishif al-Chit:' ( d . 126211846),
author of Anwcr 01-foqiiha
) Muhammad Ijasan b . Muhammad Biqir al-Najafi ( d . 126611850),
author of Jowiihir 01-koliim.
THE SCHOOL OF S H A Y K H A L - A N $ ~ R ~
founding of a new school, was associated with the reconstruction of the
and its methodology through t h e scholarly approach of al-Shaykh
taQi b . Mubammad Amin al-AngZri ( d . 128111864). This resulted in a
ical change in the system of S h i ' i law.
1-AngZri extended the section of u$GI 01-fiqh which dealt with the most
era1 principles of law (01-ugiil ol-'omoliyyo) to a remarkable degree,
rebuilt it with subtlety and precision on a firmly rational base. He
t used this method to r e s t r u c t u r e t h e law, especially the section of
sactions. His legal studies and his overall method were so refined and
they superseded all previous methods. Wherever he has dealt with a
ain subject, his discussions have supplanted all previous works on i t .
1-Angiri's method i s still dominant in S h i ' i academic life. His works
01-Makcsib on the law of sale and 01-Rasii'il on u$Zl a/-fiqh are text-
s in S h i ' i academic c e n t r e s .
he most eminent of his students and followers who f u r t h e r elaborated
S h i ' i legal system on t h e basis of his methods were:
Ijabib Allih b . Mubammad 'Ali al-Rashti ( d . 131211894), author
of 01-IltiqiitZit
Mubammad Ijasan b . MabmGd al-Shirizi , al-Mujaddid ( d . 131211895)
Ri&i b . Muhammad HZdi al-Hamadini ( d . 132211904), author of
Migbiib 01-foqTh
Mubarnmad Kizim b . Ijusayn a l - K h u r i s i n i , known a s al-xkhiind
58 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW

( d . 132911911), author of Hiishiyo 'ala 'I-Makcsib

(v) MuQarnmad KZzim b . 'Abd aI-'Azim al-TabitabG'i al-Yazdi
( d . 133711919), author of 01-'Urwa 01-wuthqc and ucshiya '010
'/-Makcsib
(vi) Mubarnmad Taqi b . MuQibb 'A17 al-Shirizi ( d . 133811920), author
of Hiishiya 'a10 '/-Makcsib
(vii) Mubarnmad Ijusayn b . 'Abd al-Ra4im al-Ni'ini ( d . 135511936)
(viii) 'Abd al-Karim b . Mubammad Ja'far al-Yazdi al-IJi'iri ( d . 13551
19371, author of K . a/-Salct and the founder of the religious and
academic centre in Qum ( I r a n )
(ix) p i y i ' al-Din b . Mu4ammad al-'Ariqi ( d . 136111942), author of
5hoi-(? Tobzirut 01-miito'allim71~ Part Two
(x) MuQamlnad LIusayn b. Mul?ammad @asan al-IgfahZni al-Kumpini Main Works on Sh?'?Law
( d . 136111942), author of tliishiyot 01-Mokiisib
(xi) Abu '1-uasan b . Mubarnmad al-Mtisawi a l - I ~ f a h i n i ( d . 136511946),
author of WasTlat 01-najzt
(xii) uusayn b . 'Ali al-TabitabZ'i al-Buriijirdi ( d . 138011961)
(xiii) Mubsin b . Mahdi al-TabilabZ'i al-Ijakim ( d . 139011971), author of
Nohi a/-foqchu and Mustamsak a/-'Urwa 01-wulhqc.
The contemporary scholars of the S h i ' a , the most prominent of them
being Kyat AllZh Abu '1-Qisim al-Khu'i a n d Ayat Allih Rii4 AllZh al-
Khumayni, a r e followers of al-AngZri's school. Their legal opinions a r e
to be found in their works such a s Mabcn7 Takmilat 01-Minhiij b y al-Khu'i
and K . 01-Makcsib 01-mubarromo, K. a/-Boy ', Tobrii- a/-WasTla a n d
K . al-Tohiira b y al-Khumayni, and in books composed and published by
their students on the basis of their lessons.
 MAIN WORKS ON SHT'T L A W
Since law has always been, together with theology, the most widely dis- der. In the case of widely used books of which many manuscripts are
cussed subject in S h i ' i scholarship, a complete bibliographical study of ailable, only the important or older copies are listed.
S h i ' i law would require several volumes. As is usually the case with the ) All dates in this part are according to the lunar hijrT calendar, and
S h i ' i intellectual heritage, most S h i ' i works written on this subject are e language of all works listed is Arabic, except where stated otherwise.
lost. Many others have survived in manuscripts stored in inaccessible ) The authors are fully identified in the first main entry of their works,
private collections. However, among those books that have survived, cept those mentioned in Part One.
only a few are commonly referred to in traditional legal discussion which
pays little attention to works written by less important and unoriginal
authors. The names of, and information currently available about, most
of these lost, unavailable or less common works can be obtained from iighi?
Buzurg al-TihrZnils 01-DharT'o iiti taztinTf ol-ShT'a.
What follows is a selected bibliography of some available works on
S h i ' i law, arranged in two sections. In the first section (chapter 5 ) ,
lists are given of some general legal works by the most important S h i ' i
jurists. This section is arranged in chronological order according to the
author's date of death. In the second section (chapter 61, a list of some
extant monographs is given according to the most usual order of S h i ' i
legal works as described in chapter three.
There are five more points to be explained about this selected
bibliography:
(1) Only purely legal works are mentioned in these lists. Scientific works
about topics such as the times of prayer (awqtit ol-galtit), determining the
direction of Mecca (qibla), the quantity of water beyond which there can-
not be contamination (the k u r r ) , figures for weights and measures
mentioned in the legal sources (a/-awzk wo ' I - m a q X r ) , wills (wagtiyti) ,
the division of inheritance (farf'ip'), and the like, are not mentioned, nor
are works on supererogation, religious supplication (du'ti') and the moral
aspects of acts of devotion, which a r e , in f a c t , works of religious ethics
rather than law; nor are those works related to the concept of ijtihtid
which should more properly be regarded as a jurisprudential rather than
a legal topic. Some examples of the collections of legal opinions (fatwts)
compiled to be used by the ordinary people (rosti'il 'omaiiyya) are listed
in a separate section.
(2) Only works which are published, or those preserved in manuscripts
belonging to accessible collections, are mentioned, as noted above.
(3) The manuscripts mentioned for each work are listed in chronological1

Chronological order is maintained for several manuscripts in the same

library, and where several libraries have manuscripts, the libraries are
arranged in the chronological order of the earliest manuscript in each
library.

Chapter Five
SOME COMPREHENSIVE WORKS
A Selected MSS: Raaawi 2 6 4 5 , 2 6 4 6 ( c a t . , 11, p. 1 3 4 ) ; FayGiyya 1 8 0 6
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS
AL-$ADOQ:
-
I r n l i j ' f7 w o $ f d7n o l - l r n i i r n i y y a , chapter 9 3 of his 01-ArniilT (see Sezgin,
I, p. 545)
Edition: Qum, 1 3 7 7 (together with his o l - M u q n i ' )
- A/-Hidiiya
Editions: Tehran, 1276 (in the collection of a l - J o w i i r n i ' a l - f i q h i y y o ) ;
Qum, 1 3 7 7 (together with his 0 1 - M u q n i ' )
Selected MSS: Burujiridi (AB, XXV, p. 1 7 5 ) ; Los Angeles 1 2 4 3 1 3
( c a t . , p . 7 1 8 ) ; Faygiyya 1 7 0 2 1 2 ( c a t . , 111, p. 1 1 9 ) ; Gaivharshid
1 6 0 1 , 7 2 2 1 2 ( c a t . , p . 4 3 2 - 3 ) ; SipahsZlir 5 5 5 3 1 5 ( c a t . , V, p. 7 5 5 ) ;
IlZhiyyZt, microfilm 93 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 3 0 ) ; Mar'ashi 2 2 1 9 1 2 ( c a t . , VI,
p . 2 0 8 ) ; uuqiiq 2 1 G l 2 j ( c a t . , p . 2 0 6 ) ; Majlis 1 2 7 2 ( c a t . , IV, pp.
1 0 1 - 2 ) ; India Office 4 6 3 2 (Sezgin, I , p. 5 4 8 ) ; Berlin Q u . 1 7 7 9
(ibid. )
- Al-Muqni'
Editions: Tehran, 1276 (in the above-mentioned collection); Qum, 1 3 7 7
Selected MSS: Radawi 2620 ( c a t . , 11, p . 1 2 6 ) ; JJuqiiq 2 1 6 l l j ( c a t . ,
p. 4 6 8 ) ; Majlis 1 2 7 2 , 585212 ( c a t . , IV, p . 9 7 , XVII, p. 2 6 3 ) ;
Mar'ashi 2 2 1 9 1 1 ( c a t . , VI, p. 2 0 8 ) ; DZr al-Kutub 2 0 0 3 4 ( c a t . , 111,
p. 102)
- K . f i ' l - f i q h = A r k & s h a r o ' i ' al-lslijrn?
MS: Mar'ashi 3694112 ( c a t . , X, p . 9 5 )
AL-MUFID:
- Al-lshriif fT 'Crnrnot f a r i j ' i p ' a h 1 o l - l s l i j r n
MSS: Mar'ashi 2 4 3 1 4 , 7 8 1 4 ( c a t . , I , pp. 9 0 , 2 6 7 ) ; Majlis 8 1 1 3 Khu'i
( c a t . , VII, p . 1 4 ) ; KZshZni ( c a t . , p . 6 7 )
- Al-Muani'a
~ d i t i o i : Tabriz , 1 2 7 4
Selected MSS: Radawi 2 6 1 8 , 2 6 1 9 ( c a t . . 11. w . 1 2 5 ) : Malik 5883 (cat
I , p . 7 2 7 ) ; ~ a ~ o i 1i2 7~2 a( c a t . , I , p . 2 6 9 ) ; ' Astina 6 0 0 4 ( c a t . ,
p . 1 9 3 ) ; SipahsilZr 2665 ( c a t . , I , p . 5 3 4 ) ; Radawiyya 28 ( c a t . , p p .
3 6 - 1 1 ; DZnishgih 6 6 9 6 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 3 3 5 ) ; Adabiyyit 2413 Kirmin
( c a t . , p . 2 5 ) ; Majlis 1 2 7 2 , 3 2 8 8 , 3 3 5 9 ( c a t . , IV, p. 9 6 , X, pp. 9 1 1 - 1 2 ,
1 1 8 5 ) ; Mar'ashi 2 3 6 , 8 1 5 , 221913 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 6 1 , 111, p . 1 4 , VI,
p. 208)
A/-lnti$iir
-r~litions:
-- Tehran. 1 2 7 6 (in the collection of 01-Jowiirni' 0 1 - f i q h i y y a )
1315; Najaf, 1 3 9 2
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 9 8 1 , 3 5 9 8 , 3649 ( c a t . , 111, p. 1 7 4 , I X ,
p . 3 7 8 , X , p . 4 6 ) ; Radawi 2 2 3 4 , 2 6 9 9 ( c a t . , 11, p . 8 ; V , p . 3 6 7 ) ;
DinishgZh 3 2 4 4 , 5377 ( c a t . , XI, p . 2 2 0 3 , XV, p. 4 2 2 6 ) ; Waziri 6 5 6
( c a t . , 11, p . 5 6 4 ) ; Ma'had 1 3 0 5 ( c a t . , p . 1 1 3 ) ; Princeton 1 2 7 9 1 2
New Series; IlihiyyZt 77d ( c a t . , I , p . 4 6 4 ) ; Los Angeles M I 1 9 5 (cat.
p. 156)
Abridgement: by NizZmal-Din al-$ahrashti , MS: Radawi 2849 ( c a t . ,
v . , p. 490)
Al-Most'il ol-Nij$iriyyiit
Edition: Tehran, 1 2 7 6 (in the collection of ol-Jowijrnimi' 0 1 - f i q h i y y a )
( c a t . , I , p. 2 4 2 ) ; Dinishgih 6 9 1 4 1 1 4 , 6 9 3 0 ( c a t . , XVI, pp. 3 9 8 , 4 0 4 ) ;
Majlis 4 3 2 6 1 2 , 5 1 8 7 1 6 ( c a t . , XII, p. 2 0 , XVI, p. 8 ) ; Sipahsilir 253313
( c a t . , V , p . 5 6 2 ) ; uuqiiq 2 1 6 1 4 j '(cat., pp. 4 5 9 - 6 0 ) ; Mar'ashi 2 2 1 9 1 5
( c a t . , VI, p . 2 0 9 ) ; Waziri 2226 ( c a t . , IV, p. 1 2 0 8 ) ; Gulpiyigini
1 0 4 3 1 2 ( c a t . , 11, p . 2 2 3 ) ; KZshZn, Radawi 7 3 1 1 ( c a t . , VII, p . 3 9 )
L - ~ A L A S:~
. . ,
Edition: Qum, 1 4 0 4
MSS: Milli 8 6 3 1 2 Arabic ( c a t . , VI11, PD. 3 6 7 - 8 ) ; Mailis 1 1 3 , 6 7 1 3
Khu'i, 3 5 4 4 , 4 3 2 5 1 1 ( c a t . , I V , p. 8 4 , V I I , pp. 2 2 6 - 8 , X, p . 1 5 0 6 ,
X I I , w . 1 9 1 , IlZhlyyZt 4 5 2 1 1 d ( c a t . , I , p . 3 0 2 ) ; Mahk 2647 ( c a t . , I ,
p . 58i); Radawi i i 4 0 , 7 8 5 7 ( c a t . , 11, p. 1 0 3 ; Binish, p . 9 4 9 ) ;
Mar'ashi 4 4 1 1 1 , 3 8 9 4 ( c a t . , 11, p. 4 2 , X, p . 2 7 6 ) ; GulpZyigZni
( c a t . . 111. n o . 8 0 - 1 ) : Buruiiridi ( c a t . . o. 2 9 ) : Hakim 9 6 1 1 ( N o s h . ,
Al-Moriisirn o l - ' A l a w i y y a w a ' I - o h k f i n a l - N o h o w i y y o
Editions: Tehran, 1 2 7 6 (in the collection of 01-Jawcrni' 0 1 - f i q h i y y a ) ;
Beirut, 1 4 0 0
Selected MSS: DZnishgZh 7 0 1 ( c a t . , V , p . 2 0 1 4 ) ; DZr al-Kutub
(Fu'Zd Sayyid, I , p . 3 3 7 ) ; Mashhad, Ilihiyyit 7 9 2 1 2 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 8 4 ) ;
Raaawi 2658 ( c a t . , p. 1 3 8 )
Abridgement: by al-Mubaqqiq, MS: uakim (AB, X X , pp. 2 0 7 - 8 )
IBN AL-BARRAJ :
J o w i j h i r 01-fiqh
Edition: Tehran, 1 2 7 6 (in the collection of o l - J a w i i r n i ' a l - f i q h i y y a )
MSS: uakim 3 9 6 , 504 ( c a t . , I , p . 1 6 9 ) ; Radawi 6526 ( c a t . , V, p . 4 0 1 ) ;
Majlis 8 8 5 4 ; Gulpiyigini 2 4 4 1 1 ( c a t . , I , p. 2 1 1 )
Al-Muhadhdhob
MSS: Radawi 2 5 9 8 , 7 8 5 8 , 8 0 3 1 ( c a t . , 11, p p . 1 1 9 - 2 0 ; Binish, p . 1 0 5 2 ) ;
Gulpiyigini 1 8 8 7 ( c a t . , 11, pp. 9 6 - 7 1 ; Mar'ashi 4 4 1 1 2 ( c a t . , 11, p . 4 3 ) ;
Majlis 322613 ( c a t . , X, p . 8 0 9 ) ; DZnishgZh 9 2 0 1 1 ( c a t . , V, p p . 2 0 7 7 - 8 )
L-SHAYKH:
Al-Jurnal w o ' I - ' u q i i d
Editions: Tehran, n . d . (facsimile from a manuscript dated 7 8 9 ) ;
Mashhad, 1 3 8 9
64 AN INTRODUCTION TO ~ H i ' f LAW
Selected MSS: Mashhad, Ilihiyyat 79211 ( c a t . , I , p.284); Majlis
4953110, 634216, 3082 ( c a t . , X, p.637, XIV, pp.229-30; WobTd, V,
p . 299; c a t . of microfilms of Dinishgiih, I , p . 777) ; Princeton
1886110 New Series, 399214 Yahuda ( c a t . , p . 148); Amir al-Mu'minin
51211 (Nash., V , p . 412); Isfahiin, Diinishgiih 16929 ( c a t . , p.924);
Gawharshid 112913 ( c a t . , p . 251); D i r al-Kutnb 1933813, 19908 ( c a t . ,
I , pp.221-2)
- Al-Khiliif f= MosiS'il 01-khiliif
Editions: Tehran, 1370, 1377; Qum, 1376, 1404
Selected MSS: Mahdawi 433 ( c a t . p . 170); Majlis 3093, 8785 ( c a t . , X,
p.645; u u j j a t i , p . 664); Los Angeles MI63 ( c a t . , p.219); Tabriz,
Qadi ( N o s h . , VII, p . 522); Kiishiin, AthXr-i Milli 199 ( N o s h . , IV,
p . 357); Dinishgih 6283 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 234)
Abridgement: b y Abu 'Ali Fadl b . Basan al-Tabrisi ( d . 5481, MSS:
vakim 198 (Nowiidir, pp. 56-7); Malik 1308 ( c a t . , I , p.744); Majlis
5143 ( c a t . , XV, p.213)
Editions: Tehran, 1270, 1387-93
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 276. 398. 2562. 2613 ( c a t . . I . ~ 0 . 3 0 4 .414.
V I I , ~ 147,
~ . 193-4); Malik i12o ( c a t . , I , p.632); 'vajtfin' 518 i ~ a w i d i r ,
pp.52-4); British Library Or. 3585 (Riew, p p . 211-12); Los Angeles
M1199 ( c a t . , p . 3 3 8 ) ; Radawi 2601, 2602 ( c a t . , 11, pp.120-1); Sin5
426 ( c a t . , I , p . 254); uaydariyya 586 ( c a t . , p . 3 0 ) ; Bankipore 1401
( c a t . Arabic, I , p.102)
- Al-NihiSyo IT mujarrad 01-fiqh wo 'I-fatiiwii
Editions: Tehran, 1276 (in the collection of ol-Jowiimi' ol-fiqhiyyo),
1383-4; Beirut, 1390
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 2 4 1 , 1840, 3126 ( c a t . , I , p.265, V, p.226,
VII, p.358); Mahdawi 487 ( c a t . , p . 546); D i n i s h g i h 5467, 6237 ( c a t . ,
XVI, pp.17, 348) a n d microfilms 2095, 1713 ( c a t . , I , p . 396);
Ja'fariyya ( c a t . , V , p . 437; AB, XXIV, p . 404); Agafiyya 10 S h i ' i
law ( c a t . , 11, p.253); Malik 3970 ( c a t . , I , p.784); Princeton, Yahuda
2382, 134 ( c a t . , p . 137); Tabriz, Milli (Nosh., IV, p . 315); Majlis
2728 ( c a t . , IX, p p . 58-61)
Translations: ( 1 ) Persian, anonymous (belonging to 5th-6th c e n t u r y ) ,
edited Tehran, 1373-4, 1383-4, MSS: vuqiiq 328j ( c a t . , p p . 57-81:
Majlis 838 ( c a t . , 111, pp.69-70); Diinishgiih 29212, 1228 ( c a t . , 111,
p . 156, VI, pp.2449-50); Milli 1901f ( c a t . , IV, pp.355-6); ( 2 ) Perisan,
the chapter on holy war, b y Mubammad 'Ali al-Sirkini ( d . after 10331,
MS: Waziri (cat. of microfilms of Diinishgiih, I , p p . 702-3)
Commentaries: ( 1 ) on the first c h a p t e r , b y al-Mubaqqiq, a s t h e f i r s t
chapter of his 01-Masii'il 01-Misriyya - see below; ( 2 ) Nukot 01-Nihiiyo,
by the same author - sec below
IBN ABI 'L-MAJD:
Ishiirat ol-sabq iiii mo'rifat a/-baqq
Edition: Tehran, 1 2 7 6 (jn the collectjon of ~I-Jaurirmi'al-fiqh.iy)/o)
MSS: vakim 396 ( c a t . , I , p . 5 3 ) ; Majlis 127212 ( c a t . , IV, p . 6 4 ) ;
DZnishg2h 92019 ( c a t . , V, p p . 1776-7); Mashhad, Iliihiyyit, microfilm
93 ( c a t . , I , p.230)
AL-~AHRASHT~:
Isbiib al-ShT'a bi-misbiib 01-shorTCa
MSS: Dinishgih 7 1 4 1 ( c a t . , XVI, p.464); Mar'ashi 345711 ( c a t . , IX,
pp.255-6); KiishZn, 'iilifi ( N o s h . , XI-XII, p . 954)
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS
N IJAMZA:
A/-WasTlo iliS nay1 oi-fofllo
Editions: T e h r a n , 1276 (in the collection of a/-Jawzmi' a/-fiqhiyyo);
Najaf [1400?1
MSS: DZnishgZh 700, 693016 ( c a t . , V, pp.2102-3, XVI, p.404);
Marcashi 291, 221913 ( c a t . , I , p.336, VI, p . 2 0 9 ) ; Milli, Arabic 197,
1799, 1945 ( c a t . , VIII, w. 171, X, pp.380, 623-4); Amir al-Mu'minin
( c a t . , V, p.416); ~ a ' f a r i ~( N
~O , p.437); Sina 124 ( c a t . , I ,
a S ~ TV,
p.64); BakTm 3311 (Nosh., V, p . 422); Raaawi 8070 (Binish, p.1071);
Nawwiib 232 law ( c a t . , p.481)
N ZUHRA:
Ghunyat ol-nuzii'
Edition: Tehran, 1276 (in t h e collection of al-Jawiimi' 01-fiqhiyya)
Selected MSS: Majlis, 2 MSS (AB, 11, p p . 441-2; Mahfii~I , p . 34;
cat. of microfilnls of Diinishgih, I , 1.729); Gawharshiid 697 ( c a t . ,
p . 356); Danishgih 6868, 693015 ( c a t . , XVI, p p . 380, 404); Mar'ashi
447, 43211, 2219110 ( c a t . , 11, pp.35, 59, VI, p.210); Sipahsilir 2668
( c a t . , I , p.487)
N I D R ~ :S
A/-5oriS'ir ol-b5wT li-tobrTr al-fotiSwT
Edition: Tehran, 1270
Selected MSS: Radawi 5713 ( c a t . , V , pp.451-2); Majlis 4554 ( c a t . ,
XII, p p . 237-8); Mar'ashi 2603 ( c a t . , VII, p.186); Dinishgiih 6651
( c a t . , XVI, p.326); a s t i n a 6336 ( c a t . , p . I271
A/-Mukhtosor ol-niifi '
Editions: India. 1267; T e h r a n , 1326; Cairo. 1376; Naiaf, 1384
Selected MSS: MiIli 1788 Arabic ( c a t . , X , p.371); Marcashi 506, 527,
1654, 1679 (Cat.. 11, D W . 112, 132, V , ~ v . 5 2 . 7 3 ) ; Radawi 8196 (Binish,
p.995); 11ihiyyit xiid ( c a t . , 11, p.84j; ~ i n i s h g i his1711 ( c a t . , V I I I ,
p.206); Faydiyya 1378,1996 ( c a t . , I , pp. 235-6); Ann Arbor 99 (Nosh.
X, p . 186); Leiden 96711 Warn. ( c a t . , IV, p.116); Princeton 153 New
Series; British Library Or.4028 (Rieu, p.212); Agafiyya 178 S h i ' i law
( c a t . .. IV.. .u . 477)
Translations: ( 1 ) Persian, anonymous (belonging to late 7thi13th cen-
t u r y ) , edited Tehran, 1385, MS: Diinishgih 2407 ( c a t . , IX, p . 1027);
(2) Persian, anonymous (belonging to 8th-9th c e n t u r i e s ) , MSS:
Dihllhudii 252 ( c a t . , p . 390); Mashhad, I l i h i y y i t 190 ( c a t . , I , p . 43);
( 3 ) Persian, b y Mubammad Biiqir b . M . T a q i , MSS: Raaawi 2716 ( c a t . , V,
p ,384) ; Bibliothsque Nationale 2234 ( c a t . IV, p . 189) ; ( 4 ) Persian,
by 'Ali' al-Din b . Muhammad al-Qummi (early l l t h l l 7 t h c e n t u r y ) :
MS: Gawharshad 1525 ( c a t . , p . 91); ( 5 ) Persian, b y Muhammad Siilih
b . Sultan 'Ali a l - F a r i h i n i , MS: IsfahSn. ' U m E m i 3061 ( c a t . . I . u.66);
(6) ~ e i s i a n anonymous,
, MS: ~ e h r a n Parwina
, ( c a t . of microfilms of
Dinishgiih, 11, p . 209)
Abridgement: ol-Muqtogar, by Ihn Diiwiid al-villi, MS: Majlis 404
Tabiitabii'i
Commentaries: (.1 .) ol-mu etabar.. b "v the author - see below:. (.2 ). Kashf ~~.
ol-rumCz, b y al-Abi - see below; ( 3 ) Tabs71 ol-moniifr', by Ibn Diwiid
al-villi, MS: Rawdiiti (MaQfii3 I , p.16); ( 4 ) anonymous (written before
79011388); MS: Mar'ashi 2245 ( c a t . , VI, pp.230-1); ( 5 ) al-TanqTb
ol-rii'i' , b y al-Miqdiid - see below; ( 6 ) 01-lv;uhodhdhob ol-biSri' , b y Ibn
Fahd - see below; ( 7 ) b y al-Karaki, MSS: Adabiyyiit 6611d ( c a t . ,
66 AN INTRODUCTION TO SH?'? LAW
p.200); Raaawi 2384, 2387, 6195 ( c a t . , 11, pp.52-4, V, p.413);
IgfahZn, 'Umiimi 3090 ( c a t . , I , p.235); Bengal 623 ( c a t . , I , p.308);
Masjid-i A'zam 979; Dinishgih 696313 ( c a t . , XVI, p.412); Princeton
234 New Series; I l i h i v d t 22514d ( c a t . .. I .. .0 . 2 6 2 ) ; Mailis 524012 ( c a t . .
XVI, p . 251); guqiiq Bilzd, l l l b ( c a t . , pp.326, 443); KishZn, ~ a b a w i
( c a t . , p . 34); Fayaiyya 1 6 7 2 ( c a t . , I , p . 93); Leiden 96713 Warn.
( c a t . , IV, pp.116-17); Waziri 229016 ( c a t . , IV, p.1235); Raskt 4311
( c a t . , p . 1193); Mashhad, ShZnachi (Nosh., V, p . 5 9 5 ) ; ( 8 ) IdEih
a/-NEifi', by al-Qatif'i, MS: Malik 260412 (Diinishpizhiih,p. 4): ( 9 ) by
al-Shahid a l - T h i n i , MSS: DinishgZh 1095 ( c a t . , V, p.1869); Majlis
534011 ( c a t . , XVI, p.251); (10) by 'Abd al-'Ali al-Karaki, MS:
Yakim 211; (11) GhEiyal a/-marEim, by Sibib al-Madirik - see below;
(12) Ghuror 01-mojiimi', by Niir al-Din 'Ali b . 'Ali b . IJusayn al-
Miisawi al-'Amili ( d . 1061-81, MS: IgfahZn, DinishgZh 16890 ( c a t . ,
p . 908; Nosh., V, p.300); (13) 01-Qiyii' 01-iEimiC, by Fakhr al-Din b .
Mubarnmad 'A17 al-Turaybi al-Najafi ( d . 10851, MSS: Mar'ashi 1613
( c a t . , V , p p . 15-16); Milli 22519f ( c a t . , I , pp.222-3); KishZni 94
( c a t . , p . 193); (14) JEimi' a/-jowiimi', anonymous (belonging to late
12th-early 13th c e n t u r i e s ) , MS: Mar'ashi 2123 ( c a t . , VI, p . 135);
(15) by Mubanmad 'Ali b . Mu'min ( d . a f t e r 12011, MS: F a r h i d
Mu'tamid 147 ( c a t . . p . 189); (16) by 'Abd al-gamad al-Hamadini
( d . 1216), MS: Rasht 9812 ( c a t . , p p . 1203-4); (17) Riyc7Q'al-mosEi'i1,
by SZbib al-Riyid - see below; (18) VadTqot 01-Mu'minTn, by the same
author - see below; (19) Mojmo' al-maso'il, by 'Ali b . Muhammad
al-Baraghiini (mid-13th c e n t u r y ) , MS: RawGZti (Mu'allim, V, p p . 1708-
9 ) ; (20) by Mas% b . Mubammad S a ' i d al-TihrZni ( d . 12631, MS:
Masjid-i Jimi' 1 6 1 ( c a t . , p . 327); (21) by iblnbammad b . IJusayn al-
Radawi ( d . 1266), MS: Radawi 6741 ( c a t . , V, p.459); (22) MashiTririq
01-onwEir, by Awrang ZTb b . Muhammad Taqi al-Qijir ( d . after 12691,
MS: Mar'ashi (AB, XXI, p . 3 3 ) ; (23) a/-MonEifi', by Mubarnmad b .
Mubarnmad 'Ali al-Kishini ( d . 12691, MS: Khiligi ( c a t . , pp.77,
124-5); (24) TawEili' a/-IowiTmi', by Muhammad Taqi b . 'Abd al-RiaZ
al-Miisawi al-Khishti ( d . around 12751, MS: Tustariyya 800 ( c a t . ,
p . 806); (25) by Mubammad KZvim b . 'Ali Naqi al-Rashti al-
Langariidi ( d . artcr 1281), MS: Faydiyya 1117 ( c a t . , l , p.158);
(26) 01-Bahr 01-IEimi' , by Muhammad Ibrihim b . Muhammad Mahdi al-
Q i s h l i q i ( d . 12881, MSS: Mar'ashi 3491 ( c a t . , IX, pp.288-9);
Faydiyya 837, 893, 894 ( c a t . , 1, pp.30-1); (27) a/-BurhEin a/-qiiLiC,
by 'Ali b . Ri* A1 Babr alh'U1iim ( d . 12981, edited Tehran, 1291-2,
MS: Dinishgih 750 ( c a t . , V, p . 1791); (28) 01-AnwEir a/-Ro@owiyya,
by Muhammad RiGZ b . Ismi'il al-Miisawi al-ShirZzi ( d . around 1302),
edited Tehran, 1287; (29) by Jamil al-Din b . 'Ali al-Miisawi (13th
c e n t u r y ) , MS: Mar'ashi 292912 ( c a t . , VIII, p.120); (30) Muntoqod
a/-moniifi*, by uabib Allah b . 'Alimadad al-Kishini ( d . 13401, edited
T e h r a n , 1394; (31) JiTmi' 01-madEirik, by Abmad b . Yiisuf al-
KhwinsZri - see below; (32-6) five anonymous or unidentified com-
mentaries: ( a ) MS: Majlis 505911 ( c a t . , XV, pp.23-1); ( b ) Persian,
MS: Malik 2632 ( c a t . , 11, p.204); ( c ) MS: Astina 6386 ( c a t . , p.135);
( d ) MS: Majlis 9067; ( e l MS: Astina 6331 ( c a t . , p.135)
- A I-mu stabor
Edition: Tehran, 1318
MSS: Majlis 1322, 3294 ( c a t . , IV, p . 94, X , p p . 915-16); Radawi
2834 ( c a t . , V, p.508); Mar'ashi 1029, 1367, 1584 ( c a t . , IV, pp.35-6,
140-1, 390); Mahdawi 809 ( c a t . , p . 171); F a r h i d Mu'tamid 188
( c a t . , p.243); DZnishgZh 6 4 1 1 ( c a t . , XVI, p.261); Waziri 1607 ( c a t . ,
111, p.1001); Ustidi ( c a t . , p.58)
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS
~ u k o 01-NihEiyo
t
Edition: Tehran, 1276 (in the collection of 01-Jowcmi' 01-fiqhiyya)
MSS: Dinishgih 6746 ( c a t . , XVI, p.352); Radawi 2665, 2666 (Cat.,
11, p . 140); Malik 2102 ( c a t . , I , pp.776-7)
ShorEi'i' 01-lslCm
Editions: Najaf, 1389 and many others (see Mushir, cols. 537-8)
Selected MSS: Majlis 466 TabitabZ'i; 9556, 7717; Yazd, 'Uliimi (Nosh.,
IV, p ,440) ; Bankipore 920-1 ( c a t . , Arabic, I , p . 91) ; Mar'ashi 202,3190,
3787 ( c a t . , I , p.232, VI1, p.411, X, p.172); Sin; 868 ( c a t . , 11, p . 7 9 ) ;
Mashhad, IlZhiyyit 258 ( c a t . , 1, p p . 154-5); Buriijirdi ( c a t . , p.20);
ljakim 431 (NowEidir, pp.45-7); 'Amira, Shakkira (Mabfiiz 11, p.207);
Nawwib 40 law ( c a t . , p.450); Gawharshid 1029 ( c a t . , p.312)
Translations: ( 1 ) JEimiS-i RodowT, Persian, by 'Abd al-Ghani b . Abii
TZlib al-Kishmiri (mid-12th century), edited Locknow, 1307, MSS:
Dacca Du 373 ( c a t . , I , p p . 269-70) ; Agafiyya 1186; Bankipore 1260
( c a t . Persian, I , p . 201); ( 2 ) Persian, by Abu '1-Qisim b . Abmad al-
Yazdi (mid-13th c e n t u r y ) , edited T e h r a n , 1387-94, MSS: DinishgZh
6603 ( c a t . , XVI, p.306); uuqiiq, 85b ( c a t . , pp.53-4); ( 3 ) Nojiit ol-
mu'minii?, Persian, by Muhammad Kizim, MS: Cawharshad 812 ( c a t . ,
1 (.4 ), Persian. t h e c h a ~ t e ron endowment, by Mubarnmad Basan
al-Adib al-Kirmani , MS: Adabiyyit 62 uikmat ( c a t . ,- p.8);
( 5 ) JiTmiLi Ja'forT, Urdu, by 'Abid uusayn b . Bakhshish Busayn
al-Angiri ( d . 1330), edited Locknow, 1333; ( 6 ) Rawo'i' a/-ohkiim,
Hindi, by Mubarnmad s i d i q al-Kishmiri , edited Locknow, 1315-17;
( 7 ) Persian, anonymous, MS: Los Angeles 111350 ( c a t . , p.1.8);
( 8 ) Droit musulmon, Recuil de lois concernant les Musulmans schyiles,
French, by A . Q u e r r y , edited Paris, 1871-2 AD
Commentaries: (1) by Najm al-Din Ja'far al-Zihdazi (early 8th cen-
t u r y ) , MS: Majlis 5508 ( c a t . , XVI, p.409); ( 2 ) Chiiyat a/-mariim, by
Muflib al-Qaymari - see below; ( 3 ) Fowii'id 01-Shorii'i', by al-Karaki
- see below; (4) by Yusayn b . Muflih al-Saymari ( d . 933), MS:
Dinishgih 262114 ( c a t . , IX, p . 1496); ( 5 ) by al-Shahid al-Thini - see
below; ( 6 ) MosEilik 01-ofhiTm, by the same author - see below;
( 7 ) Madiirik 01-ohkiim, by sahib al-MadZrik, see below; ( 8 ) by al-
DZmid, MS: SipahsZlir 729712 ( c a t . , IV, p.203); ( 9 ) Sharh khutbol
ol-Shora'i', by MuQammad Taqi b . Abu 'I-Yasan al-!Jusayni al-
AstarZbidi (mid-11th c e n t u r y ) , MS: Radawi 2487 ( c a t . , 11, p . 86);
(10) by Mubarnmad b . JJasan alkShirwZni ( d . 1098), MS: DinishgZh
7095 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 4 5 5 ) ; (11) Safl~lo-yi tawflq, Persian, by 'Abd
al-$amad b . 'Ashiir al-Tabrizi (late l l t h c e n t u r y ) , MS: Masjid-i A'vam
498; (12) Muelornod 01-onlim, by Mubarnmad gidiq b . Mul~ammad (late
l l t h c e n t u r y ) , MSS: GawharshZd 438 ( c a t . , p.401); Mar'ashi 2811
( c a t . , VIII, p . 1 3 ) ; (13) by 'Ali b . Mubamrnad al-'Amili ( d . 11031,
MSS: India Office 1789 ( c a t . , 11, p . 306); SipahsZlir 260014 ( c a t . ,
IV, p.204); sahib al-Dhari'a (AB, VI, p.108); (14) by Muhammad
gilib al-Astaribddi (early 12th century), MS: Mahdawi 592115 ( c a t . ,
p . 126); (15) FowEi'id 01-morEim, anonymous (written before 11071,
MS: Najaf, Madrasat a l S a y y i d (AB, XVI, pp.358-9); (16) by Jawid
b . 'A17 b . 'Abd al-'Lli al-Maysi ( d . after 1117), MS: Dinishgih
5252 ( c a t . , XV, pp.418-19); 1 1 7 ) Mo'iirij al-ohkiim, by Uusayn b .
Mubarnmad IbrZhim al-JJusayni al-Qazwini ( d . 12081, MSS: Qazwin,
JJajj Sayyid Jawidi (Nosh., VI, p.351); Fayaiyya 99, 389 (Cat., I ,
p p . 257-9); Radawi 7254 ( c a t . , V , p.507); SulaymZn Khin 7 ( c a t . ,
p.21); Nawwib 250 law ( c a t . , p . 477); Khiligi ( c a t . , p.116);
Igfahin, DZnishgZh 16650 ( c a t . , p . 916); Mar'ashi 1916, 2410, 2434
( c a t . , V, pp.287-8, VII, pp.10, 28); DinishgZh 997-9, 6600110 ( c a t . ,
V , p p . 2052-4, X V I , p . 306); Majlis 1 1 4 4 T a b i t a b i ' i ; SipahsZlZr 2697
68 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW
( c a t . , V, p . 5 9 4 ) ; Malik 3526 ( c a t . , 1, p.692); Waziri 178119 ( c a t . ,
111, p . 1053); (18) Babr a l - b o q i i ' i q , by 'Abd al-samad al-Hamadini ,
MS: Majli? 5916 ( c a t . , XVII, pp.303-5); (19) Maniihij a/-obkiim, by
'Abd alFcA1i b . Umid 'Ali al-Rashti ( d . a f t e r 12251, MS: Mar'ashi
2008 ( c a t . , VI, p . 11): (20) by Muhammad Taqi b . Abmad al-Uusayni
al-Tiliqani ( d . after 12261, MS: Amir al-Mu'minin 1698 CAB, XV,
p.55); (21) Wodii'i' ol-obkiirn, by Zayn alFaLbidin b . g u s a y n al-
T a b i t a b i ' i , MS: g u q u q 142b ( c a t . , p . 502); (22) Mu'tomod a/-obkiim,
by Khalaf b . gasan b . Mubammad '&al-tli'iri li ( d . after 12321, MS:
Buriijirdi (AB, XXI, p.212); (23) Iq'iib al-koliim, by g u s a y n b .
Muhammad 'Ali al-A'sam al-Najafi ( d . 12371, MSS: gakim 1152 ( c a t . ,
I, 8 D'anishgah 6892 ( c a t . , XVI, p.390); RarJawi 2 2 4 2 ( c a t . , 11,
p . 1 1 ) ; (24) Kashf o l - j o l i i m , by Mubsin b . MurtadZ al-A'sam al-Najafi
( d . 12381, MSS: Gharb 110012, 1107, 1222 ( c a t . , p p . 175, 289);
Gawharshid 1438, 1448 ( c a t . , p.377); Mar'ashi ( N o s h . , VI, p.384);
(25) Migbiib 01-ijtihiid, by Muhammad Ibrihim b . Bahrim Khalaj al-
KharaqZni ( d . aftcr 1243), MS: 'Abd al-'Avim 347-8 ( c a t . , p.477);
(26) o l - D h o r i i ' i ' , by 'Abd al-gusayn b . Muhammad 'A17 al-A'sam
al-Najafi ( d . 12471, MS: Radawi 7659 (Binish, p.772); (27) K h a g i i ' i ~
ol-o'liim, by 'Abd al-Ra4m.n b . Muhammad $ilib al-Qazwini ( d . 1250),
MS: Majlis 180811 ( c a t . , IX, p.406); (28) b y 'A17 b . Ja'far al-Najfi
A1 Kishif al-Ghiti' ( d . 12531, MS: Gharb 1101 ( c a t . , p.100);
(29) Moyiili' o l - o n w i i r , by al-Shafti - see below, chapter 6 ;
(30) Kashf 01-qinii' ' a n 01-obkfm, by Mubammad Kazirn al-HamadZnT
( d . a f t e r 12521, MS: Biqiriyya ( A B , XVIII, pp.52-3);(31) by Mustafa
b . Mubammad al-Khu'i ( d . a f t e r 1252), MS: Waziri 2310 ( c a t . IV,
p . 1244); (32) al-MorghGb, by Muhammad Mahdi b . 'Ali al-GiGni
( d . after 12541, MSS: Gawharshad 1233 ( c a t . , p.390); Mar'ashi 2116
( c a t . , VI, p p . 128-9); Milli 1894 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p . 546); Malik 2737
( c a t . , I , p.662); (33) Shawiiri' o l - S h a r i i ' i ' , by Basan b . Mubarnmad
'Ali al-Yazdi al-Mudarris ( d . after 12561, &lSS: Danishgih 1388, 6870
( c a t . , VIII, p . 72, XVI, p.386); Waziri 208311 ( c a t . , IV, p.1154);
(34) DhokhTrot a l - b a y ' z ' i ' , by Ni'mat Allah b . 'Abd Allih (written
before 1255), MS: Malik 2084 ( c a t . , I , p.323); (35) by Abu 'l-fjasan
b . Mubarnmad H i d i al-gusayni al-Tunukibuni ( d . after 1255), MS:
Buriijirdi ( c a t . , p p . 8, 15); (36) 01-NGr 01-siiri', anonymous (written
before 1256), MS: IJusayniyya Kashif al-Ghiti' (AB, XIII, p . 331,
XXIV, p.369); (37) a l - F o w i i ' i d , by Ibrihim al-Lihiji ( d . after 1256),
MS: ~ a r ' a s h i ( i b i d . , XVI, p.355); (38) by Dawiid b . Asad Allah al-
Buriijirdi (late 13th c e n t u r y ) , MS: Mar'ashi 1478 ( c a t . , IV, p . 269);
(39) D o l f ' i l 01-obkzm, by Ibrahim b . Mubammad Baqir al-Miisawi
al-Qazwini ( a . 12621, MSS: Majlis 4429-30 ( c a t . , XII, pp. 118-19);
Hengal 620 ( c a t . , I , p . 306); Mathaf 3629 ( c a t . , 1, p . 237); Radawi
7652-4 (Binish, pp.754-5); Malik, 3025 ( c a t . , 1, p.312); Waziri 575
( c a t . , 11, p.486); kIuqiiq 189-90j ( c a t . , pp.338-9); Masjid-i A'vam
11789-90 ; Fakim, 9 MSS; KarbalZ', Tu'ma, 4 MSS (Tu'ma 11,
p p . 102-5); Zanjini 80 ( c a t . , p.226); (40) Koshf oi-ibhiim, b y
Muhammad 'Ali b . Illaqsiid 'Ali al-MizandarZn7 al-KZzimi ( d . 1264-6),
MS: s i b i b a l - ~ h a r i ' a CAB, XVII, pp.6-7); (41) Manhaj o l - i j t i h i i d , by
Mubarnmad Taqi b . Mubammad al-Barghini ( d . 12631, MSS: Dinishgih
1829, 2791 ( c a t . , VIII, p.426, X, p . 1642); Gulpiyigzni 203, 207 ( c a t . ,
I , p p . 181,183); Mar'ashi 1233, 2406, 2720-1 ( c a t . , VII, pp.7-8, 246,
285-6); Faydiyya 81, 83, 9 6 , 102 ( c a t . , 1, p p . 281-2);
gujjatiyya 513
( c a t . , p . 92); Masjid-i A'vam 15346; KhayrZt Khan 64-5 ( c a t . ,
p . 1771); RaQawi 1597, 6664, 7054, 7252 ( c a t . , 11, p.119, V , pp.521-2;
Binish, p . 1084); Malik 2744 ( c a t . , I , p . 755); Arni~. 21-Mu'minin
(AB, XIII, p1).317-18); Tabriz, Q a d i ( N o s h . , VII, p . 523); RawQZti
(Mu'allim, V, pp.1712-13); (42) Persian, by the same author, MSS:
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 69
Marcashi 2332 ( c a t . , VI, pp.311-12, 397); Gharb 4503 ( c a t . , p.49);
(43) by Mubammad T i h i r al-RZnakCi'i al-ua'iri ( d . a f t e r 1265), MS:
Mar'ashi 2323 ( c a t . , VI, p p . 302-3); (44) Jawiihir al-kolCm, by $:bib
al-Jawzhir - see below; (45) by Mubammad b . uusayn al-Radawi,
MS: RaQawi 6493 ( c a t . , V , p . 458); (46) Hiiw'iol-mariirn, by MuPammad
Biqir al-Gulpiyigini ( d . after 12681, MSS: ljuqiiq l l 7 j ( c a t . , p.327);
GulpiyigZni 6-7 ( c a t . , I , p p . 70-4); (47) NofabCt ol-ilhiim, by 'Abd
al-vusayn al-Qazwini ( d . a f t e r 1270), MS: Mar'ashi 1517 ( c a t . , IV,
p.318); (48) by 'Ali al-Khwinsiri al-Hamadini ( d . after 1270), MS:
Gharb 4721 ( c a t . , p.146); (49) by Muhammad Biqir b . Ja'far al-
MarBghi ( d . a f t e r 1274), MS: Mar'ashi 3502 ( c a t . , IX, p p . 201-2);
(50) by H i d i b . Muhammad s i l i h al-Kirminshihi ( d . after 1280), MS:
Majlis 5418 ( c a t . , XVl, p.327); (51) Madiirik ol-obkiim, by Mahdi
al-Qumsha'i a l - I ~ f a h a n i( d . 1281), MS: s i b i b al-Dhari'a (AB, XIII,
p.330); (52) JCmi' al-jowiirni', by gasan b . Muhsin al-A'raji al-
KBgirni (mid-13th c e n t u r y ) , MS : Khzlisi ( c a t . , p . 85) ; (53) by
Muhammad 'Ali b . MuPammad BBqir al-Shafti ( d . 1282), MS: Mar'ashi
199513 ( c a t . , V , p.367); (54) by 'Ali b . 'Abd al-Ghaffar ( d . after
12881, MS: Mar'ashi 339312 (cat.., IX, p.180); (55) o l - D u r r o ol-
u i i ' i r i y y o , by 'Ali Naqi b . Basan al-Tabitabi'i (d. 1289), edited
I r a n , n . d . , MS: Majlis 5426 ( c a t . , XVI, p.331); (56) by Asad Allih
b . Mubarnmad Biqir al-Miisawi al-Shafti ( d . 12901, MS: GulpiyigZni
126 ( c a t . , I , p . 126); (57) by Miis5 b . Fadl Allah al-ljusayni al-
Hamadani ( d . after 1295), MS: Raaawiyya 36 ( c a t . , I , p p . 22-3);
(58) by Mubammad b . Muhammad gasan al-Radawi al-Tiisi ( d . after
12911, MS: Radawi 7259 ( c a t . , V, p.384); (59) by Ja'far al-gusayni
al-SabzawBri ( d . around 1292). MS: Biqirivya (AB, XIII, p.318);
(60) by Mubarnmad b . 'Ashiir a l - ~ i r m 5 n s h i h ? (late 13th c e n t u r y ) ,
MS: Mar'ashi 3110 ( c a t . , VIII, KID. 333-4); (61) by 'Ali b . Khalil
al-Tihrini ( d . 12961, MS: ~ a l i k - 1 4 4 9( c a t . , I , p.412); (62) Mowiihib
o l - o f h t i n , by Mubarnmad Mahdi b . Basan al-Qazwini ( d . 13001, MS:
uakim; (63) Mokhiizin 01-obkiim, by Mubarnmad B i q i r b . Zayn al-
'iibidin al-Yazdi ( d . around 1300), MS: klakim 33 ( N o s h . , V, p.433);
(64) " ~ .
. . b v Muhammad Kizim b . 'Ali Naoi al-Langariidi (late 13th cen-
t u r y ) , MS: ~ a y d i ~ ~ a ' l(lcla7t . , I , p.158); 765) ol-Risiilu
al-Roq'owiyyo, by RiQi al-Tabrizi (late 13th c e n t u r y ) , MS: L3uqiiq 53j
( c a t . , p p . 355-6) ; (66) 0 1 - u a q z ' i q , by 'Ali b . Mubarnmad s i d i q al-
KhwitEnibidi (12th-13th c e n t u r y ) , MS: GulpiyigZni 76 ( c a t . , I ,
pp .82-3); (67) by Mubarnmad Mahdi al-Kujiiri ( d . 1293), MS: S h i r i z ,
Wisil ( N o s h . , V, p . 2 9 2 ) ; (68) by J a m 3 al-Din b . 'Ali al-Miisawi,
MS: Mar'ashi 292918 ( c a t . , VII, p . 1 2 2 ) ; (69) Mojrno' 01-obkfm, by
'Ali Mubarnmad b . 'Ali al-klusayni, MS: Waziri 150 ( c a t . , 1, p p . 183
7 ) ; (70) by Mubarnmad Amin al-AhZri al-Mishkini, MS: Mar'ashi
2307 ( c a t . , VI , p . 290) ; (71) by Mubammad b . gasan al-Langarudi ,
MS: gakim 2057; (72) by 'Ali ul-Duzdari, MS: Mar'ashi 2574 ( c a t . ,
VII, p . 162); (73) by 'Abd al-WahhZb b . Ahmad al-Maballzti, MS:
Ilahiyyit 61512d ( c a t . , I , p . 341); (74) Dold'il al-abkiim, by Mubarnmad
gusayn b . Mubammad 'Ali al-Tabib al-TihrZni, MS: Malik 1740 ( c a t . ,
I , p . 3 (75) Kiishif a/-ibhiirn, by Qisim b . Mubarnmad al-Najafi,
MS: Mar'ashi 2873 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 8 1 ) ; (76) 01-MawiihLb 01-Charowiyyo,
by 'Abd al-Baqi b . 'Ali al-Miisawi, MSS: GulpiyigZni 391-2 ( c a t . , 1,
p . 325); (77) D o q i i ' i q 01-ofhiim, anonymous, MS: Shirizi (AB, VIII,
p ,234) ; (78) Jiimi' 01-abkiim, by Muhammad b . kIasan al-A'raji al-
KZvimi ( d . 13031, MS: Khilisi ( c a t . , p.55); (79) by ' A b b i s b .
Mubammad g u s a y n al-JagZni ( d . 13061, MS: Khilisi ( c a t . , pp.83-5);
(80) by 'Ali b . Zayn alb'iibidin (written before 13071, MS: Majlis 4 2 1
T a b i t a b i ' i ; (81) Lowiimi' o l - n i k i i t , a collection of the lectures of
al-Ansari - see below; (82) H i d i i y o t ol-oniim, by Mubarnmad g u s a y n
70 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHT'ILAW
b . Hashim a l - K i ~ i m i ( d . 13081, edited, Najaf, 1330-1, MSS: RaJawi
8099-8101 (Binish, p p . 1074-6) ; (83) Kashf a/-gin:' , by Muljammad
Rabim b . Muhammad al-Buriijirdi ( d . 1309), MS: Malik 2695 ( c a t . , I ,
p . 596); (84) by Mubammad Busayn &'Arab al-Dimid ( d . after 1310),
MSS:Majlis 9526-34; (85) DharC'i' al-onfm, by Abmad al-Mali'iri
(written before 1310), MSS: Mar'ashi 3295 ( c a t . , IX, pp.77-8);
Masjid-i A'vam 1084; (86) by Muhammad 'Ali b . Mubarnmad s i d i q
al-Raaawi ( d . 13111, MS: Raaawi 6524 ( c a t . , V, p.490); (87) Ma'Crif
ol-abkiim, by Mahdi b . gilibal-Tabitabi'i al-JJakim ( d . 13121, MS:
JJakim (AB,XXI, p . 189); (88) ShawZri' 01-o'lfm, by Muhammad JJusayn
b . Mubarnmad 'Ali al-Shahrastini ( d . 13151, MS: vuqiiq 2483' ( c a t . ,
p.394); (89) WodC'i' a / - n u b u w w o , by H i d i al-Tihrini - see below;
(90) by Yiisuf b . Mubammad RiOZ al-GilZni ( d . after 13211, MSS:
Mar'ashi 1235-6 ( c a t . , IV, pp.34-5); (91) MizbCb 01-foqTh, by Rioi
al-HamadZni - see below; (92) D h o r C ' i C 01-obliim, by Muhammad JJasan
al-Mimaqini - see below; (93) by JJasan b . Abmad al-JJusayni al-
K i s h i n i ( d . 13421, MS: RaJawi 7176 ( c a t . , V, p.411); (94) by Mahdi
b . JJusayn al-KhZlisi ( d . 13431, edited Mashhad, 1342; (95) Muntohf
maqCsid a/-oniim, by 'Abd AIlih b . Muhammad JJasan al-Mimaqini ( d .
13511, edited Najaf, 1348-9; (96) by Muzaffar b . Mu&mmad 'Ali
al-uusayni al-Rashti, MS: Mar'ashi 124611 ( c a t . , IV, p . 4 4 ) ;
(97) MiftCb al-koliim, by MuPammad IIishim b . 'Abd Allih al-Tasiiji
al-Khu'i ( d . 1358) edited Tabriz,1345; (98) by Mubammad JJusayn b .
Hibat Allah al-Raaawi al-KZshZni ( d . 13851, MS: Kashin, RaJawi
( c a t . , p . 36); (99-114) sixteen anonymous or unidentified comment-
arics: ( a ) Persion, MSS: AdabiyyZt 44b ( c a t . , p.335); Majlis (WobTd,
IV, p.646); ( b ) MS: Fayoiyya 670 ( c a t . , I , p.150); ( c ) MS: Waziri
376712 ( c a t . , V, p.1788); ( d ) MS: Milli 119712 Arabic ( c a t . , IX,
p . 186); ( e l MS: Majlis 81110 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, p.90); ( f ) MS:
RaJawi 55511 law ( c a t . , V, p.366); ( g ) MS: NawwZb 17012
jurisprudence ( c a t . , p.470); ( h ) MS: FayJiyya 14113 ( c a t . , 111, p . 5 ) ;
( i ) MS: Tustariyya 610 ( c a t . , p.803); ( j ) MS: Masjid-i A'vam 259;
( k ) SipahsZlir 668311 ( c a t . , IV, p . 204); (1) MS: GawharshZd 521
( c a t . , p.324); (m) MS: Sulaymin Khin 52 ( c a t . , p . 1 3 ) ; ( n ) MSS:
Gawharshad 472, 487 ( c a t . , p.324); ( 0 ) MS: U s t i d i ( c a t . , p.23);
( p ) MS: NawwZb 201 law ( c a t . , p.461)
AL-AB~:
Koshf 01-rumiiz
MSS: Mar'ashi 205, 1263 ( c a t . , I , p.235, IV, p.68); Gawharshad
1300 ( c a t . , p.377); Raoawi 2533 ( c a t . , 11, p . 101); SipahsZlZr 2268
( c a t . , I , p.481); DinishgZh 721 ( c a t . , V, pp.1984-7)
YAJJYA B. SA'TD
Jiimi' 01-sharii'i'
MSS: Tustariyya (AB, V, p . 6 1 ) ; Majlis 4775, 432512 ( c a t . , XII,
p.19, XIII, pp.172-3); DinishgZh 147612, 100512 ( c a t . , V, p.1984,
VIII, p.128); IlZhiyyit 45212d ( c a t . , I , p.302); JJuqiiq 21613j ( c a t . ,
pp ,419-20) ; Princcton 96012 New Series; SipahsilZr 2660 ( c a t . , I ,
p.387, IV, p p . 12-13); Masjid-i A'vam 4346
ANONYMOUS (written in 698):
JCmi' 01-khilCf wo ' I - w i f i i q bayn a/-ImCmiyyo wa b'immot 01-UijCz wo
,I- ' l r i i q
MS: Danishgih 6702 ( c a t . , XVI, p.336)
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 71
- IrshCd a/-adhhzn
Editions: Tehran, 1272; Qurn, 1403-4 (both together with al-Ardabilils
Mojma* a / - f i ' i d o wo ' I - b u r h C n )
Selected MSS: Radawi 2222 ( c a t . , 11, p . 5 ) ; Mailis 4941, 287011,
464511 ( c a t . , X, pp.218-19, XIII, p.33; X I V , pp.170-1); ~ a r ' a s h i
2805, 961, 1487, 3363 ( c a t . , 111, p.153, IV, p.284, VIII, p . 7 , IX,
p.138; N o s h . , VI, p.356); Dinishgih 3665, 722, 3560 ( c a t . , V,
p p . 1771-4, XII, p p . 2580, 2675) ; Topkapi Sarayi 1082 Arabic ( c a t . , 11,
n.764):
L~~ . . Princeton. New Series 318. 826. 1329. 1444: Guluivitzini . . " 50
( c a t . , I , p.63); ~ a l i k2320 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 9 ) ; ~ e n g a 630
i (cat., I,
p p . 311-12); Leningrad 76 ( N o s h . , VIII, p . 103); Berlin S p r . 652
( c a t . , IV, p . 133); Daca DU 392 ( c a t . , 11, p . 533); Ambrosiana C.134
( c a t . , 11, p . 187); Dar al-Kutub 21262b, 23235b ( c a t . , I , p.34)
Commentaries: ( 1 ) by Fakhr al-Muhaqqiqin - see below; ( 2 ) D u r a r
01-niqCd, by 'Abd al-Rabmin b . Mubammad aIEcAti'iqi ( d . after 7791,
MS: DZnishgZh 1280 ( c a t . , VII, p.2711); ( 3 ) GhCyot 01-murCd, by
al-Shahid al-Awwal - see below; ( 4 ) K h u l f $ o t a/-tanqTb,by Ibn Fahd
al-AbsZ'i - see below; ( 5 ) To'lTq a / - I r s h C d , by al-Karaki - see below;
( 6 ) by Niir al-Din 'A17 b . 'Abd al-'A17 al-Maysi ( d . 9381, MS: al-
Imim al-Sadia (Mabfiiz 11. u.250); ( 7 ) 01-HCd7 ilo ' I - r o s h z d , bv
al-Qatifi; MSS: ~ i l i k 2723 ' ( c a t . , I , p.801); RaJawi 2678, 8163 ( c a t . ,
11, pp.143-4; Binish, p . 1074); Rawditi ( A B , X X V , p.150) ( 8 ) a
second commentary by ihe same author, MS: RaJawi f5111 law ( c a t . ,
V, p.468, footnote 2 ) ; ( 9 ) b y al-Shahid a l - T h i n i , MSS: Mar'ashi
3354 ( c a t . , IX, p.131); RaJawi 6 law ( c a t . , 11, pp.3-4); Ustidi
( c a t . , p . 5 ) ; (10) Raw@ a / - j i n C n , by t h e same author - see below;
(11) by JJusayn b . 'Abd al-$amad al-'Hmili, MS: JJakim 1 1 0 2 ;
(12) Mojmo' a/-boyCn, by 'Ali b . JJusayn al-gi'igh al-'Amili (late 10th
c e n t u r y ) , MS: Dinishgih 441212 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3375); (13) Majmo'
01-fC'ido wa ' I - b u r h C n , by al-Ardabili - see below; (14) Manhaj 01-
sodCd, by 'Abd al-'iili al-Karkai, MS: Sipahsilir 248611 ( c a t . , I ,
p.440, V, p.681); (15) a / - I q t i z C d , by 'Abd al-Nabi b . Sa'd al-Jazi'iri
( d . 1021), MSS: Majlis 5886 ( c a t . ,-XVII, p.281); Mar'ashi (AB, 11,
p.268); (16) by B a h i ' al-Din alECAmili,MS: Dinishgih 1983 ( c a t . ,
VIII, p . 592); (17) by Jawid b . 'Alial-Karaki (mid-11th c e n t u r y ) ,
MS: Mar'ashi (AB, VI, p.22); (18) BurhCn ol-sadiid, by Mubarnmad
b . Ahmad b . Khitiin alkCAmili ( d . after 10391, MS: Rawoiti ( c a t . , I ,
p p . 372 i f ) ; (19) Thomarat 01-jinCn , b y Mubarnmad b . Mabmiid al-
Tabasi ( d . after 10581, MSS: IlihiyyZt l l j , 96b ( c a t . , I , pp.502-3);
Mashhad, Ilihiyyit 106 ( c a t . , I , p p . 6 1 2 ) ; (20) DhokhTrat a / - m a ' i i d ,
by al-SabzawZri - see below; (21) by al-Mibilzi, MS: Najaf, J a z i ' i r i
( N o s h . , VII, p.716); (22) by al-FiJil al-Hindi, MS: Gulpiyigini 1613
( c a t . , 11, p . 107) ; (23) MustaqgC a / - i j t i h t d , by JJusayn b . Mubammad
IbrZhim al-Qazwini , MSS: Buriijirdi ( c a t . , p . 38) ; JJuquq 119 b ( c a t . ,
pp.462-3); (24) TanqTb 01-boyCn, by Nagr Allih b . JJasan al-JJusayni
al-Astaribidi ( d . a f t e r 1236), MSS: Sipahsilir 2483-5 ( c a t . , I , p.438,
111, p p . 517-8); Majlis 433212 ( c a t . , XII, p p . 23-4); (25) Monhaj a/-sadiid,
by Abmad b . 'Ali Mukhtar al-GulpZyigZni (mid-13th c e n t u r y ) , MSS:
GulpiyigZnT 190, 2 7 6 ( c a t . , I , pp.172, 241); Mar'ashi 2467, 2728 ( c a t . ,
VII, pp.60, 290-1) ; (26) Konz -a/-fawC'id, by Mu'min al-Ardabili (mid-
13th c e n t u r y ) , MSS: Nurbakhsh 125 ( c a t . , I , p p . 150-1); Rawaiti ( c a t . ,
I , p p . 244 f f ) ; (27) TorTq a/-roshCd, by Mubarnmad Kiqim b . Mubammad
R i a i al-Tabari (mid-13th c e n t u r y ) , MSS: Fayoiyya 318, 506, 1096 ( c a t . ,
1, p . 181); (28) Nohj 01-sadiid, by Mubarnmad RiJi b . Mu'~ammadJa'far
al-Tabrizi ( d . after 12581, MS: Mar'ashi 1252 ( c a t . , IV, pp.54-5); (29) by
Mubarnmad HZdi b . Mubammad Biqir al-Sharif at-Khu'i ( d . after 1258),
MS: Masjid-i A ' z n m 428; (30) GhanTmat a/-ma'Cd, by Mubarnmad $Zlib b .
72 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'i LAW
Mubarnmad al-Baraghini (d.1275), MSS: Milli 1939 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p .
419); Majlis 4438 ( c a t . , XII, p . 122); Sipahsilir 8196 ( c a t . , V, p.353);
Nawwiib 214 law ( c a t . , p.463); Khayrit Khin 71 ( c a t . , p.1753); Ma'had
1165 ( c a t . , p.102); Mar'ashi 2449 ( c a t . , VII, p.47); Waziri 357 ( c a t . ,
I , p.331); Najaf, Madrasat al-Sayyid (AB., XVI, p . 7 1 ) ; (31) Moslok
ol-riishid7n, by t h e same author, MSS: Ragawi 2831 ( C a t . , V, p.504);
Mar'ashi 2436, 2668 ( c a t . , VII, p p . 30,247); Majlis 8464; gujjatiyya
514 ( c a t . , p . 8 4 ) ; Faydiyya 951 ( c a t . , I , p.136); (32) by 'Ali Akbar
b . Ibriihim al-KhwinsZri ( d . 12711, MSS: Gulpiyigini 160-2 ( c a t . , I ,
pp.146, 148-50); (33) Monhoj 01-roshiid, by Mubarnmad J a ' f a r b .
Muhammad Ibrihim al-Kalbisi ( d . 12921, MS: Rawgiti ( c a t . ,
pp ,227 f f ) ; (34) Muttadid al-Shi'a, anonymous (written in 1277),
MS: Malik 1875 ( c a t . , I , p.697); (35) by Mubammad Mahdi b .
Mubammad Ibrihim al-Kalbisi ( d . 1278), MS: Ma'had 1470 ( c a t . ,
p.123); (36) by al-Angiri - see below; (37) by Mubarnmad g a s a n b .
Mubarnmad gilib al-Baraghini ( d . after 12881, MS: Mar'ashi 340411
( c a t . , IX, p . 187); (38) by 'Abd al-gusayn b . 'Ali al-Baraghini ( d .
around 12901, MS: Mar'ashi (AB., XIII, p . 7 7 ) ; (39) by Mubarnmad
Biqir b . Murtaai al-Tabitabi'i al-Yazdi ( d . 12981, MS: Mar'ashi
76515 ( c a t . , 11, p.375); (40) at-Duror at-mon?Limo, by Mubammad b .
Mubammad TZhir al-Tunukibuni (13th c e n t u r y ) , MS: Majlis 191518
( c a t . , IX, pp.571-2); (41) Persian, by 'Abd al-Salim a l - A n s i r i ,
MS: Dinishgih 4408 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3368); (42) by Mubammad 'Ali
b . Zayn al-'Abidin al-NClri, MS: Waziri 376812 ( c a t . , V, p . 1789);
(43) DhokhTrat al-ma'iid, by 'Ali b . 'Ali R i a i al-Yazdi al-Mudarris
( d . 13161, MS: Majlis 4649 ( c a t . , XIII, pp.34-8); (44-8) five anonym-
ous o r unidentified commentaries: ( a ) MS: Dinishgih 164313 ( c a t . ,
VIII, p.220); ( b ) MS: Sipahsilir 2487 ( c a t . , I , p.436); ( c ) MS:
Fayaiyya 1090 ( c a t . , I , p.136); ( d l Persian, MS: Majlis 5743 ( c a t . ,
XVII, pp.183-4); ( e ) Persian, MS: Zanjin ( c a t . , pp.111-12)
- Mukhtalaf 01-Shi'o
Editions: Tehran, 1323-4, Qum, 1403
Selected MSS: Dinishgih 707. 5599. 5888 ( c a t . . V . D O . 2006-8. XVI.
pp.335, 389); Majlis fill ( c a t . , I V ~p.91); M a r e a s i f 1052, 1545, 1'229
( c a t . , 111, p.241, IV, pp.30, 347); Radawi 7923, 2563-4 ( c a t . , 11,
p p . 109-10); al-Imim al-Siidiq (Mabfiiv 11, p.250); gakim (Nowiidir,
p p . 54-51; Najaf, hladrasat al-Khalili (AB, XX, p . 219); Waziri 1596
( c a t . , 111, p . 997); Gharb 4591 ( c a t . , p . 183); India Office 1790 ( c a t . ,
11, pp.306-7); Bengal 636 ( c a t . , I , p.314); Bodleian, Arahic d.108
Commentaries: ( 1 ) by al-Karaki, MSS: Raaawi 2363 ( c a t . , 11, p.47);
Majlis 679 TabZtabX'i; Waziri 2095 ( c a t . , IV, p . 1163); ( 2 ) anonymoui
(written before 917), MS: Mar'ashi 256417 ( c a t . , VII, p.153); ( 3 ) b y
al-Dimid, edited Tehran, 1401 (in the collection of lthnii'ashar risiilo
li 'I-Diimiid), MSS: Radawi 5194 ( c a t . , V, p . 413); D i n i s h g i h , micro-
film 3450 ( c a t . , 11, p . 146); ( 4 ) by R a E ' al-Din Mubammad b . g a y d a r
al-gusayni al-Tabitabi'i al-Ni'ini ( d . 10821, MSS: Radawi 6647
( c a t . , V , p.414); Mar'ashi 2875 ( c a t . , VIII, p.82); (5) anonymous
(belonging to 11th c e n t u r y ) , MS: Ustidi ( c a t . , p . 16)
- Mun tab5 01-n:arlob
Edition: Tabriz, 1316133
Selected MSS: JJakim (NowZdir, p p . 60-1) ; Gawharshid 554 ( c a t . ,
p.416); Khiligi ( c a t . , p . 125); Raoawi 2850 ( c a t . , 11, p.250);
Fayoiyya 777 ( c a t . , 1, p.272); Malik 1012 ( c a t . , I , p.745); Biblio-
th2que Nationale 6658 ( c a t . , 11, p.330); Bstana 5990 ( c a t . , p.177);
Wazki 523 ( c a t . , 11, p.455); Zanjin ( c a t . , p.165)
Commentary: by Mubarnmad Mahdi b . Hidiyat Allah al-uusayni al-
Mashhadi ( d . 1218); MS: Majlis 180415 ( c a t . , IX, p.321)
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 73
NihFyot ol-ibkiim
MSS: Dinishzih 662 ( c a t . , XVI, u.328); KishZn, Athir-i Milli 433
j ~ o s h . ,IV, <.358); Raaawi 2654, 2661 (Binish, p . 1063); gakim
40 (Nawiid~r,pp.61-3); Majlis 8794, 5487 ( c a t . , XVI, p.385); Malik
1928, 2967 ( c a t . , I , pp.779-80); Gharb 400, 477 ( c a t . , p.202);
Nawwib 85 law ( c a t . , p.480); Princeton 1256 New Series; Waziri 531
( c a t . , 11, p.461); NGrbakhsh 374 ( c a t . , 11, p.95); Hamadin,
Madrasa-yi Damghini (Nosh., V , p . 384)
Qawii'id 01-abl<iirn
Editions: Tehran, 1272 (together with al-Karaki1s Jiimi' :I-Moqiisid),
1315, 1329, 1387-9 (together with Fakhr al-Mubaqqiqin's IQ'iib
01-fowii'id)
selected MSS: Danishgih 1273, 70411, 705, 1407 ( c a t . , V, p p . 1970-8,
VII, p.2769, VIII, p.84); British Library Or.7511 (Riew, p . 2 3 ) ;
KhZligi ( c a t . , p p . 89-90); Fayoiyya 34, 143 ( c a t . , I , pp.204-7);
Marcashi 1310, 1729 ( c a t . , IV, p.98, V, p p . 116-17); Gawharshid 387
( c a t . , pp.330-1); Radawi 3516 ( c a t . , 11, pp.95-6); Majlis 564311, 603
TabitabZ'i ( c a t . , XVII, p p . 97-8); Ilihiyyit 175j ( c a t . , I , p.630);
Tustariyya 790 ( c a t . , p . 808); NawwZb 94 law ( c a t . , p.464); Gharb
927 ( c a t . , p . 170); Sulaymin Khin 54 ( c a t . , p . 16); gujjatiyya 379
( c a t . , pp. 15-61; Princeton 529 New Series; Leiden 460 Warn. ( c a t . ,
IV, p . 162); Los Angeles M 1316 ( c a t . , p p . 321-2): Topkapi Sarayi 1090
Arabic ( c a t . , 11, p.764)
Translations: ( 1 ) Persian, by Mubammad b . Mubammad b . 'Abd Allih
(written before 858). MS: Khavrit Khan 39 ( c a t . , p . 1726);
( 2 ) Persian, by gasan I s f a n d i y i r i , edited Tehran, 1382
Commentaries: ( 1 ) b y al-'Allima, MS: DZnishgih 3514123 ( c a t . , XII,
kubammad al-kiraji'al-uilli 6. ..
ow. 2527-8): ( 2 ) TahrTr al-tohrTr. b "v Divi' al-Din 'Abd Allah b .
after 7401, MSS: Dinishgih 70412,
119212 ( c a t . , V, p p . 1864-5, VI, p.2154_); ( 3 ) Kanz ol-fowii'id,by al-
Sayyid 'Amid al-Din - see below; ( 4 ) Idiib o/-rnoqii5id, by Fakhr
al-Muhaaaiain
. - see below; ( 5 ) Jiimi' 01-fawii'id iT sharh khutbat
p
A
01-Qowii'id, by t h e same a u t h o r , MSS: Tustariyya 790 ( c a t . , ,808);
Dinishgih 119311 ( c a t . , VI, p.2198); Mailis 274811, 521911 ( c a t . , IX,
p . 8 , X I , p 5 1 Radawi i52911, 6307 - ( c a t . , 11, p . 99, IV, p . 6 0 ) ;
Princeton 529 New Series; India Office 180011 ( c a t . , 11, p.310);
Sioahsilir 224 ( c a t . .. I .. D D . 380-1): D i r al-Kutub 1989513 i c a t . . I .
L L
p.*204); Amir al-Mu'minin 55 ( A D , XIII, p.224); (6) o l - ~ o s i i ' i j01-
Mo?iihiriyya, by the same author - see below; ( 7 ) Mo'nii qawl olcAl1Zmo
fi "IQawii'id "olii ishkiil', b y the same author, MSS: Dinishgih 634012,
636911 ( c a t . , XVI, pp.246,253); ( 8 ) marginal glosses by the same
author, MS: Mareashi 1310 ( c a t . , IV, p.98); ( 9 ) anonymous (belong-
ing to 8th c e n t u r y ) , MS: Majlis 5136 ( c a t . , XV, p.125); (10) Wasilot
01-qzsid, b y Ibn al-Mutawwij, MSS: Radawi 2782, 5727 ( c a t . , V, pp.
528-9); Dinishgih 2144135 ( c a t . , IX, p.828); (11) by Jamil al-Din
Ahmad b . al-Najjir ( d . 823-351, edited Tehran, 1315, MSS: S i n i 780
( c a t . , 11, p . 5 9 ) ; DZnishgZh 1193 ( c a t . , VI, p.2194); Waziri 1323
( c a t . , 111, p.928); Gharb 4584 ( c a t . , p . 113); 'Abd al-'Azim 194
( c a t . , p . 463); (12) Sodi'd 01-afhZm, by Fakhr al-Din Abmad b . Mubammad
al-Sabi'i ( d . after 854) - see below; (13) Sharb ol-mos'ola 01-nahbiyyo
min Qawii'id ol-abkiim, by Raai al-Din 'Abd al-Malik b . I s b i q b . Fatbin
al-Qummi ( d . 851-771, edited Qum, 1393 (in my treatise Khiinidiin-i
Fatbiin 1, MS: Majlis 1231 T a b a t a b i ' i ; ( 14) by 'Ali b . Hilil al-Jazi'iri
i d . after 909), MS: Mar'ashi 1706 ( c a t . , V, p . 9 9 ) ; (15) JZmi' 01-
moqF$id, by al-Karaki - see below (16) a second commentary by the
same a u t h o r , MSS: Dinishgih 1193 ( c a t . , VI, p . 2198); Mar'ashi 944
c a t , 111 p . 3 Waziri 434 ( c a t . , I , p.386); Milli 1825 Arabic ( c a t . ,
X, pp.409-10); (17) Koshf at-fawii'id, by al-Qatifi, MS: Majlis 8112+5
 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW
Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, pp.165, 232-6); (18) Fowci'idol-Qowii'id, by al-Shahi
al-Thini - see below; (19) by Niir al-Din 'Ali b . Ahmad b . Abi JSmi'
al-'Amili (late 10th c e n t u r y ) , MS: Gharb 75 ( c a t . , p . 150); (20) Jiimi
01-fowii'id, by 'Abd Allih b . Uusayn al-Tustari - see below;
(21) flail 'ibzro m-u'q'ola rnin 01-Qawii'id ('law kiin a/-ikhliil , . . ' 1 , by
Bahi' al-Din al-'Amili, MSS: Dinishgih 8918113 ( c a t . , V, p.1866);
Majlis 114512 K h u ' i , 1805158 ( c a t . . VII, pp.161-2, IX, p.360); Radaw
2358 ( c a t . , 11, p . 4 5 ) ; 'Abd al-'Azim 20013 ( c a t . , p.443); Princeton 52
New Series (fols. 21b-26b); Mar'ashi 280212 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 4 ) ;
(22) Shorb mos'olo min rnasii'il mii-fth 01-Qowii'id, anonymous (written
before 1040), MS: Masjid-i A'zam 308518; (23) Dalii'il 01-obkcim, by
al-Dimid, edited T e h r a n , 1 4 0 1 (in the collection of lthnii'ashor risiilo
l i 'I-Diimiid), MSS: Uakim 1590; Yazd, 'Uliimi 61319 ( c a t . of micro-
films of Dinishgih I , p . 702); (24) anonymous (written before 10701,
MS: Dinishgih 7252 ( c a t . , XVI, p.499); (25) Persian and Arabic, by
Mubarnmad b . klasan al-Shirwani ( d . 1098), on some sentences of
Qowii'id, MSS: Raaawi (AB, XIV, p . 3 8 ) ; Dinishgih 7008115-16+18+25,
709119-10 ( c a t . , XVI, pp.426-7, 480); Fayaiyya 1665 ( c a t . , 111, p p .
113-14); (26) by 'Ali b . Mubammad al-'Amili, MS: Majlis 513 Khu'i
( c a t . , VII, p . 164) ; (27) by Mubarnmad Hadi b . Muhammad s i l i b al-
Mizandarini ( d . around 11341, MSS: Dinishgih 1841 ( c a t . , VIII,
p . 338); Gulpiyigini 2113 ( c a t . , 111, p . 165); (28) Koshf a/-lithiim, by
al-Faail &Hindi - see below; (29) Muntokhab a/-fowii'id, Persian,by
Ibrihim b . Ahmad Salima al-Najafi ( d . after 1223), MS: Dinishgih
5794 ( c a t . , XVI, pp.92-3); (30) MiftCb ol-kariima, by Jawid alhCAmili
- see below; (31) by Kishif al-GhitS' - see below; (32) by Sibib al-
Maqibis, MS: Khili$i ( c a t . , p.126); (33) Tokmilot 01-Qawii'id, by
Mubarnmad 'Ali b . Mubammad Biqir al-Hazirjaribi ( d . 1246), MS:
Raaawi 6487 ( c a t . , V, p . 3 8 8 ) ; (34) Shawiiri' 01-aniim, by Muhammad
Ja'far b . Sayf al-Din al-Astaribadi ( d . 1263), MSS: Mar'ashi
3073-4, 3885 ( c a t . , VIII, pp.299-300, X, p . 2 7 0 ) ; Faydiyya 290
( c a t . , I , p.155); Sipahsilir 222411 ( c a t . , V, pp.145, 257); klakim 45,
( N o s h . , V, p.423); (35) by Mas* b . Mubammad Sa'id al-Tihrini
( d . 1263), MS: Masjid-i &mi' 1 2 2 ( c a t . , p.326); (36) by 'Abd al-
Uusayn b . 'Ali al-Baraghani ( d . after 12661, MS: Mar'ashi (AB, XIV,
p . 19); (37) Moncihij ol-a6kiimm,b y Mubammad b . ljusayn al-Radawi ,
MSS: Raaawi 6713, 6741 ( c a t . , V , p.459); (38) Niriirn ol-forc'id, by
'Ali b . Gul Mubarnmad al-Qirpiizibidi al-Zanjini ( d . 12901, edited
Tehran, 1332, MSS: Ilihiyyit 12b ( c a t . , I , p . 6 8 2 ) ; Fayaiyya 1280
( c a t . , I , p.288); Mar'ashi 2378 ( c a t . , VI, p.361); (39) by Fakhr
al-Din Mahdi b . 'Abd al-Sibib al-Nariqi ( d . 13251, MSS : DanishgBh
4847-51 ( c a t . , XIV, pp.3866-7); (40) Jowiimi' 01-koliim, by Mubarnmad
Rabim al-Buriijirdi, MSS: Raaawi 3837-48 ( c a t . , V, p p . 298-401);
Malik 2151, 2354-5, 2363-77, 2616, 2634-5 ( c a t . , I , p p . 207-12);
(41) by Mubammad ljasan al-Mupaffar ( d . 13741, edited Najaf, 1378;
(42-48) seven anonymous or unidentified commentaries: ( a ) MS: Berlin
Mo.371 ( c a t . , IV, p.240); ( b ) MS: D i n i s h g i h 6912 ( c a t . , XVI,
p.397); ( c ) MS: Fayaiyya 680 ( c a t . , I , p.155); ( d ) MS: Majlis 8115
Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, p.100); ( e l MS: Gharb 10431 ( c a t . , p.151);
( f ) MS: D i r al-Kutub 2030813 ( c a t . , I , p . 264); ( g ) MS: Tustariyya
916 ( c a t . , p . 804)
- Tabgirof 01-mulo'ollimii,
Editions: Qum. 1398 and manv others (see MushBr. cois. 157-8)
Selected M e : ' ~ a w w z b15 law" ( c a t . , p:451); ~ a d i w i2281, 2280, 6432
( c a t . , 11, pp.21-2, V, p.347); Majlis 495319, 883411 ( c a t . , XIV,
p.229); A m i r al-Mu'minin 51212 ( N o s h . , V, p.412); Mar'ashi 207412
( c a t . , VI, p.87)
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 75
Translation: ( 1 ) Persian, anonymous (written before 994), MSS: Sin%
146312 ( c a t . , 11, p.276); Dinishgih 5466 ( c a t . , XVl, p . 1 7 ) ; T a b r k ,
Thiqat al-Islim (Nosh., V, p . 271); ( 2 ) Persian, by Mubyi b . Mubammad
al-Kirmini (early 10th c e n t u r y ) , MS: D i n i s h g i h , microfilm 3020 from a
MS in Shiriz ( c a t . , 11, p.28); ( 3 ) Persian, anonymous, MS: Ma'irif
1229 ( c a t . , p . 83); ( 4 ) Persian, by Z . Dhu '1-Majdayn, edited Tehran,
1368-9; ( 5 ) Urdu, by Fayd ljusayn, edited India (AB, XIV, p.186)
In verse: by Shaykh Busayn, MS: Waziri 2476 ( c a t . , IV, p.1309)
Commentaries: ( 1 ) Sirft a/-yaqTn, by Ai.~madb . Zayn al-Din al-
Ahsi'i ( d . 12411, edited Tabriz, 1273-6 (in the collection of Jowiimi'
01-kolim) ; ( 2 ) olTakmi1a li 'I-Tobjiro = 01-Todhklro f l shorb a/-Tabgira
(AB., IV, p p . 23-41 by Muhammad Ja'far b . Mubammad 'Ali al-
Kirminshihi ( d . 12541, MSS: Ilihiyyat 126-7 A1 A q i ( c a t . , I , p p . 754,
756-9); klakim; Mareashi 3722 ( c a t . , X, p.121); ( 3 ) Qurrot o l ' o y n
01-nbziro, by Mubarnmad Ismi'il b . Mubammad Ibrihim al-FadZ'i
81-Kazzizi ( d . 1263), MS: Masjid-i A'zam 9877; ( 4 ) by Muhammad
~ a ' f a ral-Astaribidi , MS: Mar'ashi 3078 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 302);
( 5 ) 01-Murshid, by Muhammad u u s a y n b . 'Ali Akbar al-Khwinsiri
( d . after 1263), MS: Gulpiyigin? 1 2 2 ( c a t . , I , p.116); ( 6 ) a/-Mowiihib
01-soniyyo,by 'Ali b . Mubammad Ja'far al-pstaribadi ( d . 13151, MS:
Mar'ashi 3097 ( c a t . , VII, p.319); ( 7 ) a/-Ayo a/-rnubgiro, by 'Abbis
b . Ismi'il al-Qazwini ( d . after 1311), MS: Gulpiyigini 30612 ( c a t . , I ,
p.265); (8)ol-Lama'iii 01-noyyiro, by al-Khurasini - see below; ( 9 ) by
JJusayn b . Mubamrnad Basan al-Hamadini ( d . after 13301, MS; Mar'ashi
3843 ( c a t . , X, p.228); (10) by Miisi b . Ja'far al-Kirminshihi ( d .
13401, MS: K i s h i n i 75 ( c a t . , p . 168); (11) 01-Tokmila, by Ismi'il b .
'A17 Naqi al-Uriimi, edited Tabriz, 1337-8; (12) by Qiyi' al-Din
al-'ArSqi - see below; (13) by Mubsin b . 'Abd al-Karim al-Amin al-
'Amili ( d . 13711, edited Damascus, 1343, 1379; (14) Kifiyai 01-
rnuboglilii? , by Mubammad 'Ali b . Mubammad T i h i r al-Tabrizi
al-Mudarris ( d . 13731, edited Tabriz, 1353; (15) Fiqh 01-Siidiq, by
Muhammad Sidiq al-Busayni al-Riihini , edited Qum, 1373
Todhkirot a/-fuqohii'
Edition: Tehran, 1272 and others
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 3745 ( c a t . , X, p.141); Buqiiq 4j, 2 4 j ( c a t . ,
p.289); Vakim 318 ( c a t . , I , p.111); Sin2 1117 ( c a t . , 11, p.123);
Faydiyya 4 4 1 ( c a t . , I , pp.42-3); Mashhad, Ilihiyyit 66 ( c a t . , I , p.39);
D i r al-Kutub 20018 ( c a t . , I , p . 149); Tabriz, Qadi (Nosh., VII,
p . 513); India Office 1791 ( c a t . , 11, p . 307); Biihir 180 Arabic ( c a t . ,
p . 204) ; Topkapi Sarayi 1143 Arabic ( c a t . , 11, p p . 747-8)
TobrTr a/-ohkiim ooishor'iyya
Edition: Tehran, 1314
Selected MSS: AdabiyySt 497 Kirman ( c a t . , p . 78); 'Abd al-'Avim 45
( c a t . , p . 6 3 ) ; Majlis 5218, 4007, 233 TabStabi'i ( c a t . , XI, p . 10, XVI,
p . 5 0 ) ; Mashhad, Ilihiyyit 53 ( c a t . , I , p p . 28-31; Dinishgih 1127,
1004 ( c a t . , V , p p . 1808-9, 1813); Mar'ashi 2613, 3751, 385 ( c a t . , I ,
p.402, VII, p.205, X, p.144); Malik 1429 ( c a t . , I , pp.109-10);
Gulpiyigini 130, 261-2 ( c a t . , !, pp.132, 227-8); Milli 925 Arabic
( c a t . , VIII, p.425); K i s h i n , Athir-i Milli ( N o s h . , IV, p.355)
Commentaries: (1) anonymous (belonging to 9th c e n t u r y ) , MS:
ShirSzi (AB, XIII, p.141); ( 2 ) by al-Karaki, MS: Majlis 8114 Khu'i
( c a t . , VII, p . 8 2 ) ; ( 3 ) b y ljusayn b . 'Abd al-Qamad alkeAmili, MS:
Milli 1943112 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p.621); ( 4 ) anonymous, MS: Majlis 8118
( C a t . , VII, p.81)
TolkhTg a/-rnariim f l mo'rifot 01-abkiim
MSS: Mar'ashi 472 ( c a t . , 11, p . 7 7 ) ; Majlis 5314, 4253, 4818 ( c a t . , XI,
 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW
pp.268-9, XIII, p.229, XVI, pp.228-9); Radawi 2275, 2274 ( c a t . ,
11, p.20)
Commentaris: ( 1) Koshf 01-baqa'iq , by Mubammad b . Bahrim (written
before 954), MS: Radawi 2532 ( c a t . , 11, p.lO1); ( 2 ) KhozZ'in ol-
obkZirn, by 'AIT b . Khalil al-TihrZini, MSS: Radawi 7632-3 (Binish,
p.741)
IBN DAWDD - Taqi al-Din JJasan b . 'Ali b . Diwiid al-villi ( d . a f t e r 707)
A/-Tubfa 01-So'idiyyo
MS: Matbaf 896 ( c a t . , I , p.232)
AL-SAYYID 'AMID AL-DTN:
Konz a/-fowii'id
MSS: Majlis 180-1 K h u ' i , 4387-8 ( c a t . , VII, pp.337-9, XII, pp.94-5);
uakim 107 (Nash., V, p.425); Masjid-i A'zam 9695; S i n i 537 ( c a t . , I ,
p.343); DinishgZh 1857, 766 ( c a t . , V, pp.1989-90, VIII, p.450);
Gharb 2529 ( c a t . , p.177): Radawi 2529 ( c a t . , 11, u . 9 9 ) ; Biihir 181
Arabic ( c a t . , p.205); Gawharshid 194 ( c a t . , p . 380); SipahsZlZr 2264
( c a t . , I , p.466)
FAKHR AL-MuJJAQQIQ~N:
- Hiishiyat 01-IrshZd, marginal glosses cn al-'Allima's l r s h t d a/-adhhtn ,
compiled by zahir al-Din 'Ali b . Yiisuf al-Nili ( d . a f t e r 777)
MSS: DinishgZh 768, 6929 ( c a t . , V, pp. 1856-8, XVI, p.403); Ragawi
2377 ( c a t . , 11, p p . 50-1, V, p.405); Ijakim 105 (NowZdir, p p . 48-50);
Majlis 1296, 4452 ( c a t . , IV, p . 71, XII, p . 133) ; Sipahsilir 237 Mushic
( c a t . , IV, p p . 140-1); Mar'ashi 2474 ( c a t . , VII, pp.65-6)
bZib 01-fowZ'id, a commentary on al-'Allima's QowZ'id a/-obkZm
Edition: Qum, 1387-9
Selected MSS: DinishgZh 706, 5237, 708 ( c a t . . V . v.1785. X V . ~ . 4 1 7 2
Majlis 95 T a b i t a b i ' i , 21 ~ h u ' i( c a t . , VII, pp.i4-6); Marsashi i 3 1 , 5
2606, 305, 283, 265 ( c a t . , I , pp.256, 296, 310, 349, 11, p.162, VII,
pp.188-9); Ijuqiiq 3j ( c a t . , p.258); Nawwib 204 law ( c a t . , p.450);
Ragawi 2229-30, 7459 ( c a t . , 11, p . 8 ; Binish, p.612); IgfahZn, 'Umiimi
2947 ( c a t . . I . u.184); S u l a ~ m i nKhin 90 ( c a t . .. .v . 6 .) .: Malik 1 2 4 1
(cat., I , p . 7 j j
A L - S H A H ~ AL-AWWAL:
D a commentary on this poem entitled Yan<bbTCol-bikmo fT s h a r b nozm ol-
-
A/-Bayiin, uncompleted, only the first five chapters on acts of devotion
Editions: T e h r a n , 1319, 1322
Selected MSS: Majlis 275011 ( c a t . , IX, p.124); Mar'ashi 6712, 1677
( c a t . , I , p p . 78-80, V, p . 7 2 ) ; Nawwib 8 law ( c a t . , p.451); IgfahZn,
'Umiimi 3055 ( c a t . , I , p . 194); DinishgZh 1800 ( c a t . , VIII, p.372);
Tustariyya 84111 ( c a t . , p ,876)
- Dhikr; 01-ShT'o, uncompleted, only t h e chapters on ritual purity and
.Edition:
.
wraver
Tehran, 1271
Selected MSS: Dinishgih 1906 ( c a t . , VIII, p.521); Zanjin ( c a t . ,
p.108); Milli 1842 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p.421); Sulaymin Khan 36 ( c a t . ,
p . 1 2 ) ; Ilihiyyit 245b ( c a t . , I , p.551); Malik 5340 ( c a t . , I , p.324)
Edition: Tehran, ii69
Selected MSS: Nawwib 27 law ( c a t . , p.457); S i n i 807 ( c a t . , 11, p.65
Ilihiyyit 136j, 13j ( c a t . , I , p p . 549-50); Dinishgih 6599 ( c a t . , XVI,
p.305); uakim 1230; Mar'ashi 1880, 2172, 495, 876 ( c a t . , 11, p.104,
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 77
111, p.65, V, p.258, VI, p.174); RarJawi 2401 ( c a t . , 11, p.58); Majlis
8825; Los Angeles, MI29 ( c a t . , p.222)
Completion: by Ja'far b . Ahmad al-JJulaywas al-Ijusayni ( d . after
836), MS: Mar'ashi 315611 ( c a t . , VIII, p.388)
Commentaries: (1) by JJasan b . al-uusam (mid-9th c e n t u r y ) , MS:
Gharb 4568 ( c a t . , p.123); ( 2 ) MoshZriq 01-shumiis, by uusayn al-
Khwinsiri - see below ; ( 3 ) Tokmilot MoshZriq ol-shumiis , by Ra@i
al-Din Mubarnmad b . Ijusayn al-KhwZnsiri (early 12th c e n t u r y ) , edited
Tehran, 1311, MSS: Faydiyya 74412 ( c a t . , I , p.146, 111, p.19):
Mashhad, AdabiyyZt 147 Fayyid ( c a t . , p . 227); ( 4 ) lniirot 01-furiis,
by Bahi' al-Din Mubarnmad b . Mubammad Biqir al-Mukhtiri al-NZ'ini
( d . around 11401, MS: Mar'ashi 338213 ( c a t . , IX, p.159); ( 5 ) by
SZhib al-Riyig, MS: DZnishgih 771211 ( c a t . , XVI, p.982); ( 6 ) MishkZt
01-onwtr oaltfusoyniyya, b y Muhammad Ihrihim b . 'Ali al-FjZ'iri al-
Qazwini ( d . a f t e r 12291, MSS: Mar'ashi 2872 ( c a t . , VIII, p.80);
Faydiyya 1431 ( c a t . , I , p.247)
GhZiyot ol-murzd
Editions: Tehran, 1271, 1302
Selected MSS: NawwZb 26211 law ( c a t . , p.472); Radawi 2497 ( c a t . ,
11, p.89); Hamadin, Hamrih (Nosh., 111, p.1693); F a r h i d Mu'tamid
131 ( c a t . , p.201); Mar'ashi 1407, 594 ( c a t . , 11, p.186, IV, p.183);
Sipahsilir 2467 ( c a t . , 1, p.441); ZanjZni 51 ( c a t . , p.207); DZnishgih
6739 ( c a t . , XVI, p.349); Ja'fariyya ( N o s h . , V, p.435); Majlis 22
T a b i t a b i ' i , 3788 ( c a t . , X, p . 1774); UstZdi ( c a t . , p . 2 8 ) ; Ilihiyyit
24j ( c a t . , I , p.615)
Edition : T e h r a n , lib'
Selected MSS: Radawi 337 law. 2811. 6207-8 ( c a t . . 11. ~ 0 . 1 0 5 - 6 . V .
p.486); Mar'ashi'224711, 959 i c a t . ,111, p.151, V I , p . i i l ; ash.,
VI, p.388); DinishgZh 6298 ( c a t . , XVI, pp.236-7); Malik 1054 ( c a t . ,
I , p.620)
In verse: (1) 01-Tubfo 01-Quwiimiyyo, by Qawim al-Din Muhammad b .
Mubanmad Mahdi al-Sayii al-Qazwini (early 12th c e n t u r y ) , edited
Tehran, 1365-6 (in t h e margin of al-Shahid a l - T h i n i ' s ol-Rowp'o ol-
bohiyyo); MSS: Sipahsilir 6156 ( c a t . , 111, p.375); Nawwib 181 law
( c a t . , p . 4 5 2 ) ; Yakim 1523 ( c a t . , I , p.103); Dinishgih 756 ( c a t . , V,
p . 1821); Malik 2565 (cat., I , p . 122); Gulpiyigini 278 (cat., I , p .
242); Burujirdi CAB, XXII, p.369) [Mubarnmad Ja'far al-Astaribidi wrote
Lum'a, MSS: Mar'ashi 154113, 2011, 3150, 3859 ( c a t . , IV, p.344, VI,
p . 14, VIII, p.388, X, p.246); vuqiiq 114j ( c a t . , p.507); Tehran,
Minuwi 1 (Nosh., VI, p . 6 9 0 ) l ; ( 2 ) al-Hidcyo 01-Mohdiyya, by 'Abd
al-Karim al-Jurjini ( d . after 13041, MS: IIZhiyyZt 182j ( c a t . , I , p.694);
( 3 ) Lu'lu' al-obkiirn, by 'Ali b . Mubammad Ja'far al-Astaribndi [he
later wrote a commentary on this poem entitled Kanz al-duror 01-aytZm,
MS: Mar'ashi 3096 ( c a t . , VIII, p.319)]
Commentaries: ( 1 ) al-Rowdo 01-bohiyyo, by al-Shahid al-ThZni - see
below; (2) 01-ShorT'o olNabowiyyo, anonymous (written before 1250),
MS: Dinishgih 1721 ( c a t . , VII, p.2752); (3) by Muhammad RiOZ
b . Muhammad Mahdi A1 Babr al-'Uliim ( d . 1253), MS: 1:Iuqiiq 21b ( c a t . ,
p . 384); ( 4 ) Towfib a/-mushkilct, by Muhammad Shafi' b . Mubammad
JJusayn (mid-13th c e n t u r y ) , MS: Mar'ashi 2408 ( c a t . , VII, p p . 9-10);
( 5 ) by Mubammad b . Ma'gGm al-Radawi al-Qa$ir ( d . 12551, MSS:
Ragawi 7155 ( c a t . , V, p.460); Malik 816 ( c a t . , I , p . 118); ( 6 ) 01-
Tubfa a/-Ghorowiyyo, by Khidr b . ShallZl alFcAfkiwi ( d . 1255), MSS:
Mar'ashi 2206 ( c a t . , VI, p . 199); D i r al-Kutub (see i t s general cata-
logue, Fihris ol-kutub alk'Arabiyya, 1, p . 569); Majlis 39-45 Khu'i
 79
78 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS

( c a t . , VII, Pp.36-42); ( 7 ) Kashf a/-niqFb, by Masi?l b . Mubarnmad 7416, 9176, 9111; RawQiti ( c a t . , I , p p . 267 f f ) ; Yazd, 'Uliimi (Nosh.,
Sa'id a l - T i h r i n i , MSS: Nawwib 4 4 law ( c a t . , p.461); Masjidi-i f i r n i m I V , p , 450); Qadi ( i b i d . , V I I , p . 523); S h i r i z , Dinishgih
122,160-1 ( c a t . , 1, p.335); (8) by Mubarnmad b . u u s a y n a l - ~ a o a w i A/-Mubarrar
MS: Raaawi 6713 ( c a t . , V , p.461); ( 9 ) a/-AnwFr a/-Gharawiyyo = M ~ ~~ : ~ 7919 d(Binish, ~ p.993); ~ i Angeles M9316 (Cat., p.661)
Los
a/-MishkFt 01-Gharawiyya, by Muhammad JawZd b . Taqi al-Najafi' Mulli
Kitib ( d . after 1267), MSS: Ma'had 1293-4 ( c a t . , ~ . 1 1 2 ) ; ~ i ~ i ~ h ~ i h A/-MZjaz
1305 ( c a t . , VII, p.2786): Mar'ashi 1518 ( c a t . , I V , pp.318-19); M ~ ~ : 275912 ( c a t . , IX, pp.124-5); Princeton 399211 Yahuda
Radawi 7760-9 (Binish, p . 883); U s t i d i ( c a t . , p . 2 5 ) ; (10) by ( c a t . , p.138); ~ a z i r i94912 ( c a t . , 11, p.779); Gawharshid 947 (Cat.
Muhammad Mahdi al-KalbZsi , MS: Raaawi 7759 (Binish, p . 883); p , 4 2 0 ) ; ~ ~ l ~ i ~ 68211 i ~ Z( c ant .i, 11, p.201); Dinishgih 1476111,
(11) by Mubarnmad 'Ali al-shaft? ( d . 1282), MS: 199514 539612 ( c a t . , V I I I , p.128, X V , p.4237); India Office 1808 ( c a t . , 11,
( c a t . , V, p.367); (12) a/-Durra a/-HF'iriyya, by 'A1i ~ a q bi . uasan pp.312-13); Raaawi 8028 (Binish, p.1051)
commentary: Kashf a/-iitibiis, by Muflib al-saymari - see below
al-Tabitahi'i ( d . 12891, MS: Majlis 4302 ( c a t . , XI, p p . 315-16);
(13) M u n ~ o tal-albFb, anonymous (belonging to 13th c e n t u r y ) , MS: A/-Muqtogar
Mailis 4455 ( c a t . , XII, p.135); (14) a/-Ghurra 01-Gharawiyya, by ~ ~ 1 1 M ~ L~~ ~ A : ~ ~ 9 3 0~1 1( c a t~. , p.700);
I ~
Marcashi ~ 2524 (Cat., VII,
'Ali (written in 1303), MS: Buriijirdi ( A B , X V I , p.34); (15) b y p,llO); uuRuq 6211d ( c a t . , p.477); Radawi 2848, 8002, 2648 ( c a t .
Mubarnmad 'A17 al-Radawi, MS: Radawi 6524 ( c a t . , V , p.4go); 1 ~ p.135,
, V , p.514; Binish, p.1032); Dinishgih 115811 (Cat., V,
(16-17) two anonymous or unidentified commentaries: ( a ) MS: ~ ~ j l i ~ pp.2067-8); Malik 2840 (Cat., I , p.725)
3936118 ( c a t . , X , p.2054); ( b ) MS: Ustddi ( c a t . , p p . 15-16)
B N FAHD A L - A ~ S A-' ~Shihib al- in Ahmad b . Muhammad b . Fahd
IBN AL-MUTAWWIJ:
~ - 840):
(d. . ,~

Kifiyat a/-~FlibTn
MSS: Radawi 2805, 7217 ( c a t . , 11, p.102, V , pp.482-4);
(AB, XVIII, p.93)
Majma' a/-ghorc'ib
MS: Radawi 2495 ( c a t . , 11, p p . 88-9)
A/-TanqTb a / r Z ' i '
Edition: Qum, 1404
Selected MSS: Raaawi 2271-3, 6645, 7528 ( c a t . , 11, p.19, V, 389);
Malik 1302, 2458 ( c a t . , I , p.176): Mar'ashi 3566, 3567, 1725, 2701,
3173 ( c a t . , V, p.113, VII, p.272, VIII, p.399, IX, pp.354-5); Sini
1390 ( c a t . , 11, p.243); Ilihiyyit 95, 49 ( c a t . , I , p . 759); Dinishgdh
6857, 4886 ( c a t . , XIV, p.3937, XVI, p.383); Majlis 55 K h u ' i , 499
T a b i r a b i ' i , 5509 ( c a t . , VII, pp. 5405, XVI, p.409); Nawwdb 10 law
( c a t . , p.453); Hakim 81, 516 ( c a t . , I , pp.137-8; NawFdir, pp.35-6);
Gawharshid 269, 1866 ( c a t . , p p . 244-5); F a r h i d Mu'tamid 38 ( c a t . ,
p.169); Ustidi ( c a t . , p.10); Bankipore 836 ( c a t . Arabic, I , p . 8 3 ) ;
Princeton 545 New Series ; S h i r i z , Dinishgih
Commentary: by al-Ddmdd, MS: GawharshZd 1866 in the margin
( c a t . , p.245)
IBN FAHD:
- A/-Muhadhdhab a/-bCri'
MSS: Dinishgih 6736, 2372, 711, 7238 ( c a t . , V, p.2078, IX, p.969,
XVI, pp.347-8, 496); Mar'ashi 275, 3553, 2190, 2972 ( c a t . , I , p.304,
IV, p p . 1 8 5 6 , VII, p.152, IX, p p . 3 4 4 5 ) ; Raaawi 8034, 2599, 8033
( c a t . , 11, p.120; Binish, p.1052); Malik 1182( c a t . , I , p.759);
Faydiyya 214, 369 ( c a t . , I , p p . 285-6); Zanjini 142, 66 ( c a t . , pp.212,
249); Vatican 1717 Arabic ( c a t . , 11, p . 105); Nawwdb law 169, 60
( c a t . , p . 480); Najaf, Madrasat al-Sayyid (AB, XXIII, p . 293); Mathaf
1633 ( c a t . , p.260); Zanjin ( c a t . , p . 167); Majlis 5510, 4397, 233 Khu'i
( c a t . , V11, p.238, XI1, p . 101, XVl, p.410); Princeton 2088 New Series
Niirbakbsh 16412 ( c a t . , 1, p.176); Gharb 1340 ( c a t . , p.200); Waziri
9112 ( c a t . , I , p.113); Ilihiyyit 193b ( c a t . , I , p.680); Vujjatiyya 511
( c a t . , p . 94); Gulpiyigini 401 ( c a t . , 11, p p . 185-6); Masjid-i Argam
~ h ~a / - ~l a n ~
q 7 ba~, commentary
~ ( on al-'Allima's IrshFd aI-adhh~?n
MSS: uakim 302 NOS^., V , p.424); DZnishgih 262114 ( c a t . , IX,
nl4l)fil
Ma'Flim a/-dTn fl fiqh ? I YFsTn
MSS: Dinishgdh 1821, 1157 ( c a t . , V, pp.2056-7, VII, p.417); Mar'ashi
399 ( c a t . , I , p.414); Malik 781 ( c a t . , 1, p.696); Rasht 227111 ( c a t . ,
p . 1175)
Commentary: DhakhF'ir 01-mujtahidin , by Abu '1-Majd RidZ b .
Muhammad u u s a y n al-Igfahini ( d . 13621, MS: Rawddti (see AB, X,
p p . 7, 18)
IBN T A Y Y - Abu '1-Qisim 'Ali b . 'Ali b . Muhammad a l - ~ a q ' d n i alF'Xmili
( d . 855):
A/-MasZ'il a/-fiqhiyyo = MasF'il lbn Tayy
MSS: Majlis 4566112 ( c a t . , XII, p p . 263-4); Ddnishgih 1227, 5396110
( c a t . , VI, pp. 2457-60, XV, p.4238); 'Abd al-'Azim 23511 ( c a t . ,
p . 445)
- GhFyat al-rnarZirn, a commentary on al-Mubaqqiq's SharC'i' a/-lsliim
MSS: Gulpiyigini 155 ( c a t . , I , p . 143); Dinishgih 780, 7748 ( c a t . ,
V, p p . 1952-4, XVI, p . 688); Mashhad, Shinachi (Nash. , V, p . 599);
Gawharshid 153, 58 ( c a t . , p.355); Radawi 2790, 6518 ( c a t . , V, p .
468); Hakim 109 ( N a s h . , V, p.425); Majlis 4224 ( c a t . , XI, p.243);
- Kashf a/-iltibFs, a commentary on Ibn Fahd's a/-Mijjoz
MSS: Mar'ashi 2830, 3693, 939, 1811 ( c a t . , 111, p . 127, V, p . 195, VIII,
p.36, X , p . 91); Tabriz, Qddi (Nash., VII, p.519); Majlis 3973, 5946
( c a t . , X, p.2112, XVII, p.332); Malik 1224, 2733 ( c a t . , I , p.591);
India Office 1089 ( c a t . , I , p.313); Dinishgih 6788 ( c a t . , XVI, p.360)
L-KARAKT :
FawF'id a/-SharF'i' , a commentary on al-Muhaqqiq's SharC'i' a/-IsIFm
 80 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW
MSS: Dinishgih 703, 7012, 7050, 1708, 7175 ( c a t . , V , p.1934, XVI,
pp.428, 439, 456, 474); Sipahszlir 2600 ( c a t . , I , p.393); uujjatiyya
592 ( c a t . , p . 5 0 ) ; Nawwib law 21, 26 ( c a t . , p.455); uakim 1640, 1642
540; Mar'ashi 128011, 2509, 3352, 1155 ( c a t . , 111, p.327, IV, p.80,
VII, p . 95, IX, p . 129); Majlis 667 TabitabZ'i, 615 T a b i t a b i ' i , 5356,
8783, 3534 ( c a t . , X, pp.1492-3, XVI, p.266); Tustariyya CAB, VI,
p.107); Gulpiyigini 47, 2237 ( c a t . , I , p.57, 111, p.204); Astina
5788 ( c a t . , p.107); Milli, Arabic 1516, 1381 ( c a t . , IX, p.380, X,
p . 1 2 ) ; Gawharshid 965, 551 ( c a t . , p.269); 'Abd al-'Azim 87 ( c a t . ,
p . 75); Malik 2075, 2700 ( c a t . , I , p.229); Los Angeles M87 ( c a t . ,
p . 199); Princeton 695 New Series; India Office 1788 ( c a t . , 11, p.306)
D i r al-Kutub 19909, 29938 ( c a t . , I , pp.248, 266); Masjid-i A'zam 1290
Fayaiyya 1418, 1964 ( c a t . , I , p . 8 2 ) ; Waziri 1902, 2420 ( c a t . . 111.
p . 1090, IV, p.1288); ~ h a r b4, MSS ( c a t . , p . 100); ~ a g i a h i ,7 MSS
( c a t . , 11, pp.45-6, 50; Binish, p p . 713, 730)
- Jiimi' 01-moqii$id, an uncompleted commentary on al-'Allima's QawZ'id
01-obkiim, from the beginning to the chapter on marriage
Edition: Tehran, 1272
Selected MSS: Majlis 4310 ( c a t . , XII, p . 4 ) ; NawwZb law 211, 16 ( c a t . ,
p.454); Milli 1156 Arabic ( c a t . , IX, p . 145); Zanjini 2311 ( c a t . ,
p . 198); Gawharshid 1337, 1865 ( c a t . , p . 249); SipahsilZr 2538 ( c a t . ,
I , p.385); Buriijirdi ( c a t . , p.13); Manchester 783 ( c a t . , p . 1146);
India Office 1803 ( c a t . , I , p.311); Harvard (Nosh., IX, p.351); D i r
.-----,
al-Kutub 19895b, 20306b ( c a t . , I , p.311); Los Angeles M l O O ( c a t . ,
n.lRfi>
Commentaries: ( 1 ) by Lutf Allah b . 'Abd al-Karim al-Maysi al-'Amili
( d . 10331, MSS: Zanjini 2311 ( c a t . , p . 198); Milli 1156 Arabic ( c a t . ,
IX, p . 1 4 5 ) ; ( 2 ) by ' A . 'j?. ('Abd al-Muttalib?), written after 1081,
MS: DinishgZh 2347 ( c a t . , IX, p.959)
- To'Fq 01-lrshzd, a commentary on alk'Allima's IrshZd 01-udhhZn
MSS: GawharshZd 772 ( c a t . , p.256); Majlis 7782, 5638, 5357, 80
Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, p . 79, XVI, p.267, XVII, pp.9405); Ilihiyyit 210
A1 HqX ( c a t . , I , p.762); Radawi 2376, and 6 other MSS ( c a t . , 11,
pp.50-2; Binish, p p . 698, 700); Dinishgih 4166, 6893, 785, 7185,
7684 ( c a t . , V, pp.1858-9, XIII, pp.3134-5, XVI, pp.390, 478, 670);
Bengal 633, 634 ( c a t . , I , pp.312-13); Gulpiyigini 4 1 ( c a t . , I , p . 4 8 ) ;
Igfahin, 'Umiimi 3073 ( c a t . , I , p.218); Nujiimi ( c a t . , p.265);
SipahsZlir 260011, 248811 ( c a t . , I , pp.396-7, IV, pp.141-2);
Tustariyya 15911 ( c a t . , p.837); al-Imam al-Sidiq (AB, V1, p . 1 6 ) ;
KhayrZt Khin 5311, 8511 ( c a t . , pp.1735-6, 1790); 'Abd al-'Azim 13012
( c a t . , p.439); Mar'ashi 79 ( c a t . , I , p . 9 7 ) ; Faydiyya 1146 ( c a t . , I ,
p . 7 2 ) ; Waziri 1291 ( c a t . , 111, p.918); U s t i d i ( c a t . , p . 13); Rasht
4311 ( c a t . , p.1193); MiftZt) 228 ( c a t . , p.141); JJakim 1686; Tarbiyat
36 ( c a t . , p . 3 6 ) ; DZr al-Kutub 20038b, 2030713 ( c a t . , I , pp.243, 265)
AL-SHAHID AL- THAN^ :
-
FuwZ'id a/-QowZ'id, a commentary on al-'A1lZma's QawZ'id ol-obkiim
MSS: Waziri 1585 ( c a t . , 111, p.993); Majlis 1307 ( c a t . , IV, pp.78-90);
Zanjin ( c a t . , p . 104); Khilisi ( c a t . , p . 95); Isfahiin, Dinishgih
1691712 ( c a t . , 5 9 2 3 ) ; Tabriz, QZdi (Nosh., VII, p . 517); Qazwin,
Hajj Sayyid Jawadi (ibid., V, p.343)
-
UZishiyot ol-Shorii'i', a commentary on al-Mubaqqiq's Shorii'i' 01-IslZim
MSS: Majlis 535411, 4360 ( c a t . , XII, p.73, XVI, p.264); Bankipore
847 ( c a t . Arabic, I , p . 84) ; Tabriz, Milli 3349 ( c a t . , I , p . 404) ;
Nawwib, 25 law ( c a t . , p.455); S h i r i z i (AB, VI, pp.106-7)
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 81
MosZilik a/-ofhZm, another commentary on al-Muhaqqiq's Shorii'i'
01-IsICm
Editions: Tehran, 1273 and o t h e r s (see MushZr, cols. 838-9)
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 1328, 1205, 1621 ( c a t . , IV, p p . 6 , 111-12, V ,
p p . 25-6); Majlis 4646 ( c a t . , XIII, p p . 34-51; DinishgXh 762, 1121
( c a t . , V, pp.2037-9); Waziri 24 ( c a t . , I , p . 4 0 ) ; 'Abd al-'Azim 197
( c a t . , p.476); Nawwib 64 law ( c a t . , p.476)
Commentaries: (1) by al-Sabzawiri, MS: Mar'ashi 1264 ( c a t . ,IV,
pp.69-70); ( 2 ) by uaydar 'Ali b . Muhammad al-Shirwini (early 12th
c e n t u r y ) , MS: Khilisi ( c a t . , p . 6 0 ) ; ( 3 ) by al-Bihbahini, MS:
Gawharshid 190 ( c a t . , p p . 280-1) ; ( 4 ) 01-FodhZl~k,by al-KirminshZhi
- see below
Rawd a/-j~nZn,an uncompleted commentary on al-'All%mats IrshZd 01-
.
odhhZn, only the chapters on ritual purity and prayer
Editions: Tehran, 1303, 1307
Selected MSS: Radawi 2770 ( c a t . , V, p.449); Sini 502 ( c a t . , I , p .
293); NawwZb 28 iaw ( c a t . , p.457) -
Al-Rowp'o 01-bohiyyo, a commentary on al-Shahid al-Awwal's Al-Lum'a
al-~imosh~i~~o
Editions: Najaf, 1386-90 and o t h e r s (see Mushir, cols. 496-8)
Selected MSS: DXnishgih 709 ( c a t . , V, p p . 1908-16); Asafiyya 11
S h i ' i law ( c a t . , 11, p p . 239-40); Matbaf 362, 276 ( c a t . , I , p p . 240-2);
Majlis 4886 ( c a t . , XVIV, p p . 2809); Astina 5956 ( c a t . , p . 123).
Commentaries: (1) Kashf 01-rumGr 01-khofiyyo, by Mulpmmad b .
Basan al-'Amili ( d . 1030), MS: Raaawi 2354-6, 6517, 7142 ( c a t . , 11,
p.44, V, p.407; Binish, pp.712,730); Majlis 336212 ( c a t . , X, p.1188);
Waziri 4 ( c a t . , I , p p . 4-5) ; (2) by Ahmad b . Mu~ammadal-Tiini ( d .
a f t e r 1097), edited Tabriz, 1291 and o t h e r s (all in the margin of
01-Rawp'o a/-bohiyyo), selected MSS: Majlis 336211 ( c a t . , X, p . 1187);
Khayrit Khin 57 ( c a t . , p . 1738); Astina 6036 ( c a t . , p . 107); Tabriz,
QZdi (Nosh., V I I , p.513); ( 3 ) by 'Abd al-Busayn b . Abi '1-Basan
al-'Lsi ( d . after 1081), MS: Khiligi ( c a t . , p . 8 3 ) ; ( 4 ) by Mubammad
b . Qisim a l - I ~ f a h Z n ial-Dilmij ( d . afer 10841, partly edited ( K u s h i r ,
col. 2821, MSS: Faydiyya ( c a t . , I , p.81); IlihiyyZt 283 A1 Aqi ( c a t . ,
I , p.763); ( 5 ) b y IbrZhim b . u u s a y n al-Mar'ashi Khalifa Sultin
( d . 1098), edited Tabriz, 1291 and o t h e r s (all in the margin of 01-Rowp'a
01-bahiyyo), MSS: Mar'ashi 306011 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 281); DinishgXh
410712 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3085); Majlis 336213 ( c a t . , X, pp.1188-9);
( 6 ) by Fakhr &Din Muhammad al-Miisawi (late l l t h century ? ) , MS:
Mareashi 201611 ( c a t . , VI, p.17); ( 7 ) by Abii Talib b . Mirza Beg
al-Miisawi al-Findiriski ( l l t h century ? ) , MS: DinishgZh 87411 ( c a t . ,
111, p . 134, V , p p . 1863-4); ( 8 ) 01-ZohrZt 01-dhawiyyo,by 'Ali b .
Mubammad al-'Hmili , edited Tabriz, 1291 and others (all in t h e margin
of 01-Rowp'o a/-bohiyya), MSS: AstZna 620211 ( c a t . , p.185); Gharb
108511, 4511 ( c a t . , pp.135-6, 287); IlZhiyyit 9 l l l d ( c a t . , I , p.233);
Asafiyya 90-1 S h i ' i law ( c a t . , I , p p . 241-2); DinishgZh 6643 (Cat.,
XVI, p.324); GulpXyigZni 277 ( c a t . , I , p.241); ( 9 ) ol-Rodd 'alZ
i'tirZdZit KhalTfo SulfZn 'olo 'I-Rowp'a 01-bohlyyo, by t h e same author,
MSS: Magis 1295 ( c a t . , IV, pp.70-1); IlZhiyyit 9112d ( c a t . , I ,
p.233); Astina 620211 ( c a t . , p.185); DZnishgih 772512 ( c a t . , XVI,
p.684); Radawi 1 4 4 law ( c a t . , 11, p.45); (10) by ~ a ' f a rb . 'Abd
Allih al-vuwayzi al-Qadi ( d . 11151, MSS: Majlis 89 Khu'i ( c a t . ,
VII, pp.89-90); SipahsZlir 2558 ( c a t . , I , p.396); Malik 2243 ( c a t . ,
I , p . 226); DZnishgZh 7039 (cat. XVI, p.435); GulpiyigZni 1107 ( c a t . ,
11, p . 56); Waziri 1193, 1548 ( c a t . , 111, pp.889-90, 987); (11) by
Muhammad Ibrihim b . Muhammad Ma'giim al-Vusayni al-Qazwini ( d .
1149). MS: Gharb 188128-9 ( c a t . , p.224); (12) anonymous (written
82 A N INTRODUCTION TO ~ ~ Li
AW' i
before 1119), MS: Malik 6357 ( c a t . , I , p.225); (13) b y Jamil al-Din
al-Khwinsiri - see below; (14) a/-Manthij 01-sawiyya,by al-Figil
al-Hindi - see below; (15) Ta'lTq 'alii mobbath 01-zawiil min a/-Rawgo
01-bahiyya, by Ahmad b . Ibrihim al-Babrini - see below, chapter 6 ;
(16) A l ' A yn fT ia'iirup' baqqay a/-mutabZyaSayn, by al-MukhtZri -
see below, chapter 6 ; (17) by Murammad b . Mubammad gilib al-
uusayni al-Khwit'unabidi ( d . 11.48), MSS: Racjawi 6495 ( c a t . , V,
p.409); Adabiyyit 153 Kirrnan ( c a t . , p . 84); (18) by Mubammad
Rafi' b . Faraj al-Gilini(d. a f t e r 11501, MS: Malik 1066 ( c a t . , I , p .
228) ; (19) Ishiiriit 01-fiqh, by Sadr al-Din Mulpmmad b . Mubammad
Nagir a a l T a b i t a b i ' i al-Yazdi ( d . 11541, MS: Waziri 32012 ( c a t . , I ,
p.303); (20) al-lbiina 01-marp'iyya,by Mubammad SZiib b . Mubarnmad
Sa'id al-Khalkhili ( d . 11751, edited Tehran, 1313, MSS: Mar'ashi
2786 ( c a t . , VII, pp.349-50); Dinishgih 5830 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 100);
(21) Sharb 'ibiira mushkilla F m a b b a t h s a l t t 01-mayyit, by uusayn b .
Abi '1-Qisim al-Khwinsiri ( d . 11911, edited Igfahin, 1377 (together
with Mubammad Biqir al-Khwasiri's 01-Nahriyya); (22) Sharb 'ibiira
mushkiia F m a b b a t h galiit a/-khawf, by the same author, MS: S i n i
113515 ( c a t . , I , p . 129); (23) by Mubarnmad Sidiq (12th c e n t u r y ) ,
MS: Gharb 77 ( c a t . , p.131); (24) a/-Mufradiit 01-fiiriqa, by 'Abd
al-Qidir b . Sadr al-Din al-uusayni al-Mazandarini , MS : Danishgih
286512 ( c a t . , X, p.1712); (25) by ilusayn al-Qazwini, MS: Milli
194512 Arabic ( c a t . , X , p.624); (26) by al-Kirminshihi, MSS: Ragawi
179 law, 7141 ( c a t . , 11, p.54, V, p . 4 1 0 ) ; Gawharshid 1972 ( c a t . ,
p.267); Khayrit Khin 56 ( c a t . , pp.1738-9); Mashhad, Ilahiyyit 1080,
1099 ( c a t . , 11, pp.230, 240); Los Angeles M92 ( c a t . , p.198); (27) by
Ismi'il b . K h u d i d i d al-Hazirjaribi al-Astarabidi ( d . after 1226),
MSS: Dinishgih 7291, 7747 ( c a t . , XVI, pp.506, 688); (28) b y 'Abd
AllZh b . Mubammad Taqi al-Hazirjaribi al-Tilaki ( d . after 12331, MS:
Masjid-i A'vam 314; (29) by MubammadMahdi b . Muhammad J a ' f a r
al-Miisawi ( d . a f t e r 12371, MS: Faydiyya 186 ( c a t . , I , p.114); (30) by
Mubarnmad Ja'far b . Safar al-Harnadini ( d . 12381, M S : Gharb 7'7 ( c a t . ,
p.131); (31) by Miisi b . Ja'far A1 Kishif al-Ghiti' (d.12431, MSS:
Khayrit Khin 2112, 6111 ( c a t . , pp.1779-80. 1784); (32) by Mubammad
Ricji A1 Babr al-'UlLim, MS: IJuqLiq 21b ( c a t . , p . 384); (33) Makhzan
a/-asriir a/-fiqhiyya, by Mubarnmad 'Ali al-Hazirjaribi, MSS:
Gulpiyigini 185, 404, 457 ( c a t . , I , p . 168, 11, p p . 163-4); Waziri 6 4 1
( c a t . , 11, p.544); Dinishgih 6628 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 3 2 0 ) ; Ragawi 7924
(Binish, p.997); Khayrit Khin 9711 ( c a t . , p.1791); Mar'ashi 2469
( c a t . , VII, pp.61-2); Los Angeles M944 ( c a t . , p . 349); (34) by 'Ali
A1 KZshif al-Ghiti' - see below, chapter 6; (35) by 'Abd A1IZh b .
Mubammad J a ' f a r ai-Kirminshihi ( d . a f t e r 12531, MS: l l i h i y y i t 81917
d ( c a t . , 11, p . 2 1 ) ; (36) Fasl 01-khiltb a/-IbriihTmiyya, by Ibrihiln b .
Mubarnmad uusayn al-Madani al-Shirizi ( d . around 12551, MS: Tarbiyat
62 ( c a t . , p . 57); (37) Risaa-yi sahla d a r sharb-i qiblo, Persian, by
'A17 Akbar b . 'Ali b . Mubarnmad Ismi'il ( d . after 12551, MS: D i n i s h g i
3703 ( c a t . , XII, p.2707); (38) by Mubammad al-Ni'ini ( d . after 1259),
MS: Sipahsilir 6028 ( c a t . , IV, p.202); (39) Majma' 01-iirt', by
Mubammad J'far a l - A s t a r i b i d i , MSS: Mar'ashi 308212 3850 ( c a t . , VIII,
p.307, X, p.236); Los Angeles MI0314 ( c a t . , p.664); (40) by Mas*
b. Mubammad Sa'id a l - T i h r i n i , MS: Nawwib 44 law ( c a t . , p . 461);
(41) by Mubarnmad Rioi b . 'Ali Sharif al-GGgadi al-Gulpiyigini ( d .
a f t e r 1264), MS: DZnishgih 1953 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 568); (42) Lama'tt,
Persian, by Mubarninad b . Muqim al-Birfuriishi al-Mizandarini ( d . a f t e r
12641, MS: Fayaiyya 1559 ( c a t . , 11, p.89);(43) 01-LawZmimi', by t h e same
a u t h o r , MSS: Mar'ashi 2401, 2717 ( c a t . , VII, p p . 3, 2 8 3 ) ; (44) by
Mubamrnad B i q i r al-Gulpiyigini ( d . a f t e r 12671, MS: Gulpiyigini 234
( c a t . , I , p . 201); (45) Minhiij a/-umma, by Nagir al-Din b . Mubarnmad
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 83
al-Nariqi ( d . 1273), MSS: NawwZb 57-2 ( c a t . , p.479); (46) by
MuQarnmad J a ' f a r b . Mubarnmad $afi al-Abida'i ( d . 1280), MS:
Buriijirdi (AB, XVI, p . 292) ; (47) by Muhammad Ibrihim al-Qishliqi,
MS: Fayaiyya 108 ( c a t . , I , p . 114); (48) 01-HadTqa a/-Najafiyya, by
Mu~ammadTaqi b . uusayn 'Ali al-Harawi al-Igfahini ( d . 1299), MSS:
Gawharshad 1602 ( c a t . , p.288); I l i h i y y i t 769d, 603d ( c a t . , I , p . 541);
Mar'ashi 2018 ( c a t . , VI, p p . 19-20); Najaf, uusayniyyat KZshif al-
Ghiti' (AB, VI, p.390); T a b r i z , Qadi (ibid. ) ; (49) Safii' a/-rawp'a,
by Mubarnmad $ilib b . uasan al-MLisawi al-Dimid ( d . 1301), MSS:
~ a r ' a s h i3140 ( c a t . , VIII, p.369-70); Radawi 6851 ( c a t . , V, p.457);
(50) by basan b . Abmad al-uusayni al-Gilini ( d . a f t e r 1306), MS:
Faydiyya 323 ( c a t . , I , p . 116); (51) 01-Ta'iiqa 01-anQa, by Muhammad
'Abbis b . 'Ali Akbar ai-Miisawi al-Tuslari al-Laknawi ( d . 13061,
edited Locknow, 1339 ( c a t . of Agafiyya, IV, p.477); (52) HadTqat a/-
Rawp'a = Minhiij 01-najiib , by Mu~ammad'Ali b . Abmad al-Qarichadighi
( d . 1310);edited Tabriz, 1291 and others (all in the margin of al-
Rawp'a 01-bayiyya); (53) by Jawid b . 'Abd al-gusayn al-Najafi ( d .
1311), MS: Majlis 4331 ( c a t . , XII, p . 2 2 ) ; (54) by Mubarnmad 'Ali al-
Radawi, MS: Racjawi 6587 ( c a t . ; V, p . 410); (55) by Mubammad Tahir
h... Ismi'il al-Miisawi al-DizfLili ( d . after 13111, MS: Tustariyya CAB,
XIII, p p . 293-4); (56) a/-MaqCsid a l ' a l i y y a , by 'Ali b . Muhammad
al-A'raji ( d . a f t e r 1322), MSS: Khaligi ( c a t . , pp.120-2); (57) Minhiij
a/-najiit, by 'Ali b . 'Abd Allih al-'Alyiri ( d . 13271, edited Tabriz,
1309, 1340; (58) Minhiij a/-milla, by the same author, MS: Mar'ashi
(AB, XXIII, p . 176); (59) by Mubammad 'Ali b . Muhammad Nagir
al-Gilini al-Mudarris ( d . 1334), partly edited Tehran, 1323, MS:
Mar'ashi 207811 ( c a t . , VI, p . 91); (60) by Mubarnmad uusayn b .
Mubammad Qisim al-Qumsha'i ( d . 13361, MSS: Tustariyya 819-20 ( c a t . ,
p . 800) ; (61) Basan b . Ahmad al-uusayni al-Kishini ( d . 1342), MS:
Ragawi 7140 ( c a t . , V, p.411); (62) a/-H?7shiya a/-rap'iyya, by Arnjad
.
Husavn b . Munawwar 'Ali A l l i h i b i d i ( d . after 1343), edited India,
d
1343; (63) Siriij 01-umma, by MuIy3mmad Wasan b . $afar 'Ali al-
Birfuriishi ( d . 1345), edited Tehran, 1324-6; (64) by Murtadi
al-uusayni al-Sidihi al-Igfahini , MS: Mar'ashi ( c a t . of microfilms of
Danishgih, 11, p.174); (65) by Mubammad Ja'far b . Mubammad T i h i r ,
MSS: Majlis 271 T a b i l a b i ' i ; (66) by 'Abd al-Ghani, MS: Tustariyya
(AB, XIV, p . 38) ; (67-75) nine anonymous or unidentified commentaries:
( a ) MS: Dinishgih 699611 ( c a t . , XVI, p.423); ( b ) MS: Malik 2545
( c a t . , I , p.225); ( c ) MS: Ragawi 180 law ( c a t . , 11, pp.54-5); ( d l MS:
Fayqiyya 60 ( c a t . , I , p.81); ( e ) MS: Radawiyya 4912 ( c a t . , p . 4 8 ) ;
( f ) MS: Dinishgih 252612 ( c a t . , IX, p.1326); ( g ) Faygiyya 307 ( c a t . ,
I , p . ; ( h ) MS: Mar'ashi 207812 ( c a t . , VI, p . 9 2 ) ; ( i ) MS: Majlis
8812 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, p.88)
A1L - A R D A B ~ L ~ :
Majma' 01-E'ida wa 'I-burhi;n, a commentary on ai-'Allimals lrshiid
a/-adhhiin
Editions: Tehran, 1274; Qum, 1403-
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 1852(cat., V, pp.237-8); Majlis 3377-8 ( c a t . ,
X, p p . 1226-8); Dinishgih 6717 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 344); Malik 2195 ( c a t . ,
I , p.642); Radawi, 3 MSS ( c a t . , 11, pp.124-5); Milli, 4 MSS ( c a t . ,
VII, p p . 49, 147, 472); GulpZyigini, 3 MSS ( c a t . , 11, p p . 159-160);
K i s h i n , Bihniyi (Rthnamiiy-i kitiib , XXI, p.695)
Commentaries: ( 1 ) by al-Bihbahini, MSS: Majlis 4451 ( c a t . , XII,
p . 133); Dinishgih 77013 ( c a t . , V, p p . 1866-9); Waziri 2311 (cat., I ,
p . 36); Khayrit KhZn 6112 ( c a t . , p . 1785); Ilihiyyit 153 A1 Aqi ( c a t . ,
I , p . 766); Tustariyya 67212 ( c a t . , p . 873); (2) anonymous; Majlis
84 A N INTRODUCTION TO S H T ' ~ LAW SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 85

135 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, p.145); ( 3 ) anonymous, MS: Danishgih 742 in ALLAH B . ~ U S A Y NA L - T U S T A R ~ :

margin ( c a t . , V, pp.2001-2)
~ A J J I BAL-MADARIK:
- Tarbiyat 112 ( c a t . , p . 3 2 ) ; Adabiyyat 23 Kirmin ( c a t . , p.82); RaOawi
Hidiiyot 01-fiilibih = Ghiiyot 01-morzm, a commentary on al-Mubaqqiq's
01-Mukhta~ora/-niifi'
MSS: DEnishgih 1471, 6598 ( c a t . , VIII, p.122, XVI, p.304); gakim 1 0
(Nosh., V, p.425); Ja'fariyya ( i b i d . , V, p.436); Fayaiyya 101 ( c a t .
1, p p . 192-3); Ilihiyyit 5412b ( c a t . , 1, p.128); Raaawi 7586 ( c a t . , V,
p.461); Majlis 3370, 4641, 5310 ( c a t . , X, pp.1213-15, XIII, p.31, XVI
p.226); Marcashi 546 ( c a t . , 11, p.148); Waziri 1691 ( c a t . , 111, p .
1022); Malik 2897 ( c a t . , I , p.442); Masjid-i &mi' 1 4 4 ( c a t . , p . 332);
Congress 38 Arabic ( c a t . , p p . 30-1)
Commentary: by al-Bihbahini, MS: Rawditi (AB, XX, p . 72)
- c a t . , VIII, p.285); Bibliothsque Nationale 776 ( c a t . , I , p.169, 11,
Modiirik al-obk5m, a commentary on the section on acts of devotion of
al-Mubaqqiq's Shora'i' 01-/sl??m
Editions: Tehran, 1268, 1274, 1298, 1322
Selected MSS: Raoawi 7931 ( c a t . , V, p.496); Majlis 4202, 3374, 193
~ h u ' i( c a t . , VII, p.339, X, p.1224, XI, pp.219-20); Nawwib 61-2 law,
97 law ( c a t . , p.475); Gharb 4510 ( c a t . , p . 184); Khilisi ( c a t . , p p .
106-7); Adabiyyit 43 Kirmin ( c a t . , p . 105); MatQaf 2900, 3886 ( c a t . ,
I , p.253); BiihEr 183 Arabic ( c a t . , p.207); Berlin Ldg. 523 ( c a t . , I v ,
p . 66); Harvard ( N o s h . , IX, p . 380)
Commentaries: (1) by Rafi' al-Din al-Ni'ini, MS: Mar'ashi 3309
( c a t . , IX, p p . 90-1); ( 2 ) by Ibrihim b . g u s a y n al-Mar'ashi Khalifa
Sultan, MS: Mar'ashi 306012 ( c a t . , VIII, pp.281-2); ( 3 ) by Mubarnmad
Ibrihim b . Muhammad Ma'siim al-gusayni al-Qazwini, MS: Gharb 233
( c a t . , p . 116); (4) by Muhammad Ismi'il b . g u s a y n al-Khwijii'i
( d . 11731, MSS: Miftib 205, 1036 ( c a t . , p.144); (5) Todiiruk 01-
ModZirik, by Qibib al-gadi'iq, MSS: Najlis 4712 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII,
pp.43-4); Gulpiyigini 187018 ( c a t . , 111, p.91); ( 6 ) by a l - ~ i h b a h i n i ,
edited Tehran, 1268, 1322 (both together with Modiirik 01-obkiim), MSS:
Sipahsilzr 2653 ( c a t . , IV, p . 267); Malik 2587 ( c a t . , I , p . 246);
Dinishgih 6809 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 365); Radawi 7587 (Binish, p . 727);
Gulpiyigini 1029 ( c a t . , 11, p.60); Masjid-i A'8am 11756; ( 7 ) 01-
FodhZilik, by al-Kirmznshihi - see below; ( 8 ) by ~ u b a jaCfar ~ ~ ~ d
al-Hamadzni, MS: Mar'ashi 2538 ( c a t . , VII, pp.122-3); ( 9 ) Koshf
01-Modiirik, by Mubammad Raii' al-Gilini al-Igfahini ( d . a f t e r 1238),
edited Tehran, 1269 (in the margin of Babr al-'Uliim's 01-Durra), 1322
(together with Modiirik ol-obkiim), MSS: DEnishgZh 369811 ( c a t . , XII,
p.2703); Masjidi-i A - ~ a m134; (10) by Qiyi' al-Din Mubarnmad al-
g u s a y n i al-Mar'ashi, MS: Mar'ashi 1762 ( c a t . , V, p.145); (11) by
Mubammad J a ' f a r al-Astaribadi, MS: Mar'ashi 3854 ( c a t . , X , p.242);
(12) anonymous, MS: Tustariyya 19212 ( c a t . , p.840)
$ABIB AL-MA'ALIM:
Mo'iilim 01-fin, uncompleted, only a p a r t of t h e chapter on ritual purity
Edition: Tabriz, 1322
Selected MSS: Ilihiyyit 5411b ( c a t . , I , p.128); Milli 43612 Arabic
( c a t . , VII, p p . 370-1); Masjid-i A'zam 415
NOR ALLAH B. SHARTF AL-IjUSAYNf AL-TUSTART ( d . 1019):
NihcSyot 01-iqdiim
MS: Bankipore 1096 ( c a t . Arabic, I , p . 108)
zmjco/-fowt'id, a commentary on al-'Allima's Qawz'id a/-abkiim
M S ~ :~ ~ l 3968 i k ( c a t . , I , p.195); DEnishgih 6828 ( c a t . , XVI, p.371);
6736 ( c a t . , V, pp.392-3)
A ' AL-DIN
AL-'AMIL~:
1-vab/ o/-mot7n, uncompleted, only t h e chapters on ritual p u r i t y ,
rayer and inheritance
dition: Tehran, 1321
elected MSS: Princeton 110 New Series; Dinishgah 1797, 3119, 6812,
935/5 ( c a t . , V I I , pp.368, 552, X I , p.2073, XVI, p.366); Zanjini 3
c a t . , p . 190); Malik 2174, 2702 ( c a t . , 1, pp.253-4); Milli 781 Arabic
p.129-30).; Majlis 1297 ( c a t . , IV, p . 7 2 ) ; Raaawi 7182, 2855, 2832,
2833-5 ( c a t . , V, p.416); Masjid-i A'zam 393
oshriq ol-shomsoyn, uncompleted, only the chapter on ritual purity
&ion: Tehran, 1321 (together with t h e author's a/-Hob1 ol-mOt?n)
lected MSS: Radawi 2626, 2649, 2832 ( c a t . , 11, pp.128, 135);
alik 1009 ( c a t . , I , p.677); Majlis 1320 ( c a t . , IV, pp.92-3); Mareashi
80, 222 ( c a t . , I , pp.98, 249; Ilahiyyit 160j ( c a t . , 1, p.662); Milli
7911 Arabic ( c a t . , VII, p p . 76-11; S i n i 125 (Cat., 1, p.65):
GulpEyigini 97913 ( c a t . , 11, p.216); Baku MI4012 (Nosh., IX, p.239)
' I Z Z AL-DiN AL-MUSAWT - MuQammad b . Abi 'I-wasan al-Mashhadi
( d . after 1044):
DhokTrol a/-jazz'
MS: Dinishgih 498411 (Cat., XV, p.4077)
Commentary: Dhokhii'ir 01-'uqba, MS: Dsnishgih 498412 ( c a t . , XV,
O N Y R ~ O U(written
S before 1060):
Shorb Qotrot al-bobroyn
MS: Marcashi 1842 ( c a t . , V, p.228)
SAN ' A L ~B . 'ABD ALLLHA L - T U S T A R ~ ( d . 1075):
MS: Ma'had 1355 ( c a t . , p.116)
L-SABZAWAR~:
DhokhTrot oi-rno'iid, a commentary on al-'AllZmals lrshiid 01-adhhzn
Edition: Tehran, 1273-4
Selected MSS: Majlis 4197, 5056 ( c a t . , XI, p p . 211-12, XV, p . 18) ;
Gharb ( c a t . , p.126); Ijakim 1997; Raaawi 2740-1, 5708 ( c a t . , V,
pp.422-3); Gulpiyigini 1564 ( c a t . , 11, p.81); Fayaiyya 92 ( c a t . , I ,
p . ) ; Astsna 5911 ( c a t . , p.120)
Commentaries: (1) by Mubamrnad Sa'id, MS: Raaawi 2740 in margin
( c a t . , V , p . 423); ( 2 ) TobqTq fi 'I-qiyZis, by al-Bihbahini ( a s a part
of his commentary on Dhokhrrot 01-ma'iid), MSS: ~ a r ' a s h i45813 (Cat.,
1 6 1 Dsnishgih 202613, 390212 ( c a t . , VIII, p.644, XII, p.2891);
Tustariyya (AB, I , p .70)
Kifiiyot 01-obkiim
Edition: Tehran, 1269
Selected MSS: Majlis 4595, 464712 ( c a t . , XII, p.295, XIII, p.36);
86 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHT'i LAW
Ilihiyyit 183 A1 Aqi ( c a t . , I , p . 794); DinishgZh 1991 ( c a t . , VIII,
p.600); Gharb 394, 1129 ( c a t . , p . 176); Malik 1893 ( c a t . , I , p.603);
Waziri 26, 9711, 518 ( c a t . , I , pp.41, 126, 11, p.451)
Translation: HidZyot 01-o'lFm, Persian, by Mubarnmad 'A17 b .
Mubammad Ijasan al-Nahwi al-Ardakini ( d . after 12401, MS: Majlis
32 T a b i t a b i ' i ( c a t . of microfilms of DinishgZh, 11, p . 12)
Commentaries: ( 1 ) by J a ' f a r b . 'Abd Allah al-Vuwayzi al-Qadi,
MSS: Radawi 6475 ( c a t . , V, p.412); Ijakim 299; Mashhad, ShZnachi
(Nosh., V, p . 598); (2) Rawiishib 01-'inZya a/-Robbiiniyyo, by g u s a y n
b . Mubarnmad al-Babrini A1 'Ugfur ( d . 1216), MSS: Mar'ashi 2702-3
( c a t . , VII, p p . 272-4); ( 3 ) Nib& 01-hidiiya, by Mubarnmad Mahdi
al-gusayni al-Mashhadi, MSS: Radawi 5726, 6202, 8418-19 ( c a t . , V,
p p . 523-4; Binish, p.1055); Majlis 5985 ( c a t . , XVII, p . 360); Waziri
239 ( c a t . , I , p.239); ( 4 ) b y Mubsin al-A'rajT, MS: KhZlisi ( c a t . ,
p . 6 1 ) ; ( 5 ) NihZyot 01-muqtagid, by Murammad J a ' f a r al-Hamadini ,
MS: Gharb 731 ( c a t . , p.202); ( 6 ) by Muhammad b . Murammad Ma'sim
a1-Mashhadi ( d . 12551, MSS: Mar'ashi 2468, 3233 ( c a t . , VII, p.61,
1X, p . 3 0 ) ; Majlis 4468 ( c a t . , XII, p.142); ( 7 ) Shawiiri' 01-hidiiyo, by
Muhammad Ibrihim al-Kalbisi, MSS: Majlis 3551 ( c a t . , X, p p . 1511-12);
Mar'ashi 1917, 1924 ( c a t . , V , pp. 288, 294); Gulpiyigini 189 ( c a t . , I ,
p.172); Faydiyya 233 ( c a t . , I , p.1701; Waziri 1488 ( c a t . , 111, p .
973); Miftib 75 ( c a t . , p.189)
AL-FAY9 :
- MofZITb 01-sharF3i'
Edition: Beirut, 1389 (Vol.1 on ritual purity and p r a y e r )
Selected MSS: Cambridge C. 1819 Browne ( c a t . , p . 2 2 ) ; IlihiyyZt 66b
( c a t . , I , p.667); D i n i s h g i h , 4 MSS ( c a t . , V, p.2064, IX, p.869, XVI,
p.326); Majlis, 3 MSS ( c a t . , IV, pp.94-5, X, pp.382-2, XI, p.282);
Sipahsilir 2603 ( c a t . , I , p.528); Buqiiq 341j ( c a t . , p.475);
GulpZyigini, 8 MSS ( c a t . , 11, pp.175-6, 111, p p . 22, 171); Faydiyya,
1 7 MSS ( c a t . , I , pp.264-6); Malik, 7 MSS ( c a t . , I , pp.705-6); Milli,
5 MSS ( c a t . , VII, p.242, VIII, p.33, IX, p p . 152-3, 185); Gharb, 7
MSS ( c a t . , pp.194-5); Waziri, 9 MSS ( c a t . , 11, pp.471, 538, 111, p p .
1018, 1025, 1060); Radawi, 24 MSS (cat., 11, pp.122-3, V, pp.510-12;
Binish, p p . 1024-6)
Commentaries: (1) b y MuPammad b. Muhammad Muhsin al-Kishini
'Alam al-Hudi (early 12th c e n t u r y ) , MSS: SipahsZlir 2601 ( c a t . , I ,
p.398, IV, p.278); Tabriz, Q i d i ( N o s h . , VII, p.523); ( 2 ) by Niir
al-Din Mubarnmad H i d i b . Murtadi al-Kishini (early 12th c e n t u r y ) ,
MSS: DinishgZh 714-15 ( c a t . , V , pp.1940-2); Bankipore 946-9 ( c a t .
Arabic, I , p . 9 3 ) ; IlZhiyyZt 31b ( c a t . , I , p.591); Malik 1421 ( c a t . , I ,
p.446); Waziri 970 ( c a t . , 11, p.797); Ncrbakhsh 152 ( c a t . , I , p.170);
Radawi 247-8 law, 2784 ( c a t . , 11, p p . 76-7, V , p.461); SipahsilZr 6134
( c a t . , V, p.236); Faydiyya 76 ( c a t . , I , p.159); Majlis 5279 temporary
( 3 ) b y Muhammad Yiisuf b . Muhammad 'Ali al-Lihiji ( d . after 10961,
MS: Tustariyya (AB, VI, p . 214); ( 4 ) by Abu 'I-Ijasan b . MuPammad
T i h i r al-Sharif al-Futiini al-'Lmili ( d . 11381, MS: Los Angeles MI106
( c a t . , p . 271); ( 5 ) Foth 01-MofZtih, by MuPammad Mubsin b . Muhammad
a l - K i s h i n i ( d . after 1148), MS: Majlis 547612 ( c a t . , XVI, p.376);
( 6 ) 01-Dhukhr 01-limimi' = 01-Mo~iibTb01-lowiimi', by 'Abd Allih b . N G r
al-Din al-Jazi'iri (d.11731, MSS: Mar'ashi 3550 ( c a t . , I X , pp.342-3);
Radawi 7017 ( c a t . , V, p.421); ( 7 ) by Muhammad 9ZliI.1 b . Muhammad
Mu'min al-Astaribidi ( d . a f t e r 11841, MSS: Dinishgih 7664 ( c a t . ,
XVI, p.667); Majlis 5306 ( c a t . , XVI, p.222); ~ a r ' a s h i (AB, XIV,
p.76); ( 8 ) b y al-Bihbahini, MSS: Raaawi 2391 ( c a t . , 11, p.55);
Majlis 347 TabitabZ'i; Mashhad, IlihiyyZt 1578 ( c a t . , 11, p . 713) ;
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 87
Khiligi ( c a t . , p . 6 2 ) ; Zanjin ( c a t . , p.105); ( 9 ) by the same author,
on t h e introduction t o MoEtTb, MSS: Faydiyya 152015, 155418 ( c a t . , 111,
pp,97i 100); Princeton 1929 New Series (fols. 251a-260b); (10) Mo.p?bTb
o/-galom, by t h e same author - see below; (11) FottZb 01-mojZmi', by
al-KirminshZhi - see below; (12) 01-AnwZr 01-lawiimi', by IJusayn A1
'Ugfur, MSS: Radawi 6502-4 ( c a t . , V , p.369); Mar'ashi 1630 ( c a t . ,V,
pp.33-4); Majlis 4425 ( c a t . , XII, p . 114); (13) by Muhammad Rid5
al-AstaribZdi ( d . after 12191, MSS: GawharshZd 1235 ( c a t . , p.334);
~ a d a w i7253 ( c a t . , V, p.463); (14) by Abu 'I-Qisim b . 'Abbis ( d .
a f t e r 1227), MS: Raaawi 2813 ( c a t . , V, p.464); (15) b y $iQib al-RiyZd,
MS: Uuqiiq l l b ( c a t . , p . 387); Sipahsilir 277 Mushir ( c a t . , V, p . 236);
princeton 179 New S e r i e s ; Los Angeles M1317 ( c a t . , p . 270);
(16) Mo$?bTh 01-~alZim,b y 'Abd AllZh Shubbar, MSS: Tustariyya 256,
325, 834 ( c a t . , p.804, 810); Mar'ashi 1079 ( c a t . , 111, pp.259-60);
Radawi 7948 (Binish, p.lO1l); Milli, Arabic 103512, 1905 ( c a t . , IX,
p . 37, X , p p . 565-6); (17) 01-MigbZb 01-siiti', by t h e same author (an
abridgement of his perious commentary), MSS: Dinishgih 717 ( c a t . ,
V, pp.2045-6); Ilihiyyit 6 A1 Aqi ( c a t . , 1, pp.800-1); GawharshZd
742 ( c a t . , p.396); Ijujjatiyya 73 ( c a t . , p.85); Bengal 654 ( c a t . , I ,
p . 323); Tabriz, Qadi (Nosh., VII, p . 522); (18) NihZyot a/-morZrn,
by al-Mujihid, MS: WuqGq 266j ( c a t . , pp.496-7); (19) 01-MagZbibTb,
by Muhammad Ja'far al-Kirminshihi , MSS: IlZhiyyit 124 A1 Aqi ( c a t . ,
I , p . 800); Kashin, Radawi 187 ( c a t . , p . 43); IjuqEq 107j ( c a t . , p p .
467-8); Mar'ashi (AB, XXI, p.91); (20) 01-Mo~iibTb, by Mahdi b . 'Ali
al-TabitabZ'i ( d . 12601, MS: JJuqiiq 243j ( c a t . , p.467); (21) MubtoghZ
01-ofhZrn, by 'Abd al-Wahhib b . Muhammad s i l i h al-Baraghini al-
Qazwiili (d. after 12661, MS: Mar'ashi 3202 ( c a t . , IX, p . 4 ) ;
(22-4) three anonymous or unidentified commentaries ( a ) MS: Mar'ashi
2157 ( c a t . , VI, pp.162-3); ( b ) MS: DinishgZh 6709 ( c a t . , XVI, p.337);
( c ) MS: S h i r i z , Ahmadiyya 264 (Nosh., V, p.214)
Mu 'tosum 01-ShT'o,uncompleted
MSS: Mar'ashi 217, 3478 ( c a t . , I , p.246, IX, p.275); Radawi 6469
( c a t . , V , p.509); Baghdidi ( c a t . , p . 178); K i s h i n , Radawi 191 ( c a t . ,
p.43)
Al-Nukhba
Editions: Tehran, 1303, 1324, 2328, 1330
Selected MSS: Waziri 965 ( c a t . , 11, p.794); vuqiiq l l d ( c a t . , L , _
p . 493); Dinishgih 1007 ( c a t . , V, p p . 2083-5); IlihiyyZt 187 A1 Aqi
( c a t . , I , p.806); Milli, Arabic 138612, 1393, 1463 ( c a t . , IX, pp.395,
411, 491)-
Commentary: a/-Tubfo 01-soniyyo, by 'Abd Allah al-Jazi'iri , edited
Tehran, 1370 (Vol. l ) , MSS: GulpiyigZni 1687 ( c a t . , 111, p . 17);
Mar'ashi 2213 ( c a t . , VI, p.204); Faydiyya 227 ( c a t . , I , p.40);
Masjid-i A'ram 18111; Radawi 2269 (Binish, p . 434); Majlis 4437, 4735,
5184 ( c a t . , XII, p.122, XIII, p.116, XVI, pp.1-2); Dsnishgih 751,
1008 ( c a t . , V, p.1820); Gharb 909 ( c a t . , p.71)
SAYN AL-KHWANSAR~:
MoshZriq 01-shumijs, an uncompleted commentary on al-Shahid al-
Awwal's 01-Duriis a/-shor'iyyo, only t h e chapter on ritual purity
Edition: Tehran, 1311
Selected MSS: Dinishgih 6778 ( c a t . , XVI , pp ,358-9) ; Sipahsilir 2308
( c a t . , I , p.448); Majlis (442811 ( c a t . , XII, p.117)
88 A N INTRODUCTION TO S ~ f ' fLAW
Editions: Tehran, 1270, 1318, 1325; Locknow, 1311
Selected MSS: Malik 2043, 2861 ( c a t . , I , p.88); Bakim 1670m ( c a t . , I
pp.88-9); Mar'ashi 429, 701, 716 ( c a t . , 11, pp.33, 295, 312); Radaw
6609 (Binish, p.617); GulpiyigZni 122711, 136912 ( c a t . , 11, pp. 237,
249); wujjatiyya 178 ( c a t . , p 38); Milli, Arabic 127612, 1400 ( c a t . ,
IX, pp. 266, 415-16); Princeton 15111 New Series
Abridgement: Nihiiyot ol-bidiiyo , b y al-MukhtZri , MS: DZnishgih
185915 ( c a t . , VIII, p.460)
Translations: (1) Niir-i siifi' , Persian, by Mubarnmad Murid al-
Kishmiri ( d . after 10981, MSS: Gawharshsd 943 ( c a t . , p . 195); Waziri
990, 1 1 4 1 ( c a t . , 11, p.809, 111, p.871); Radawi 2854 ( c a t . , V, p.528)
Sipahsilir 2529 ( c a t . , I , p . 553); (2) Koshf ol-diriiyo, by Muhammad
Ja'far b . SulaymZn al-FarZhi ( d . afte 11141, MSS: Radawi 2810 ( c a t . ,
V, p.481) ; T\stZna 6264 ( c a t . , p p . 155-6); Gawharshid 936 ( c a t . ,
p . 163); Mar'ashi (AB, XVIII, pp.34, 68); (3) b y 'Abd Allih b .
A l b MS: Gawharshid 113711 ( c a t . , p.87)
Commentaries: (1) Muntokhob ol-hidiiya, b y MuPammad TZhir b . ' A
Allah al-Qiri al-Harawi ( d . after 1105), MS: Radawi 4280, 6471 (cat
V, p p . 518-19); (2) anonymous (written before 11531, MS: Waziri
181911 ( c a t . , 111, p . 1064); (3) Moshiiriq ol-muhtodiil, by Muhammad
Biqir b . MuPammad Taqi al-Sharif al-Raaawi al-Qummi (d. after 118
MS: Rawditi (AB, XXI, p p . 36-11; (4) al-Sowiinib al-na?ariyyo, b y
IJusayn Ti1 'Ugfiir, MSS: IlZhiyyZt 137 A1 i i q i ( c a t . , I , p . 777);
DinishgZh 2924 ( c a t . , XVI, p.402); (5) Anwiir ol-dircya, by 'Abd
al-gusayn b . AQrnad al-Asbaghi a l - B a b r i n i , MS: Waziri 311412 (cat
V, p . 1537); ( 6 ) Mogiib7b 01-hidiiyo, b y MuPammad wasan b . MuParnm
Maa$Gm al-Qazwini ( d . 12401, MSS: Milli 1840 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p . 42
MiftZb 207 ( c a t . , pp.291-2); D i n i s h g i h 7362 ( c a t . , XVI, p.521);
Ilihiyyit 45 A1 Aqi ( c a t . , I , p p , 799-800); Mar'ashi 1650, 2126 (cat
V, pp.49-50, VI, p . 137) ; ( 7 ) MojCrT ol-moriim, by Mubarnmad B i q i r
al-GulpiyigZni , MS: Faydiyya 1282 (cat. , I , p . 226)
- Hidiiyot al-ummo
Selected MSS: Gawharshid 300 ( c a t . , p.433); Malik 616-17 and 6
other MSS ( c a t . , I , pp.802-4); SipahsZlZr 6186 ( c a t . , V, p . 756);
Dinishgih 6761 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 355); uakim 143 Rashti ( c a t . , p . 159);
Radawi, 8 MSS (Binish, p.1077)
Translation: Hidiiyot al-abkiim, Persian, b y Mubarnmad Basan b .
MuPammad Silib al-Harawi , MS: Majlis 2054 (cat. , VI , pp .42-3)
A L - F A ~ I L AL- HIND^ :
-
Koshf al-lithiim, a commentary on al-'AllZmals Qawii'id 01-obkiim
Edition: Tehran, 1271-4
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 3767 ( c a t . , X , p . 156) ; Majlis 3489 ( c a t . ,
X, p p . 1448-9); FayGiyya 559 and 5 other MSS (cat., I , p.218);
Gulpiyigini 2325 and 4 other MSS ( c a t . , 11, p . 151, 111, p.229);
Gharb 487 ( c a t . , p . 175)
- MSS: Gharb 1106 ( c a t . , p.178);
Al-Moniihii ol-sowivvo. ,, a commentarv on al-Shahid al-Thini's 01-Rowdo
01-bohiyyo
MSS: DZnishgih 1159, 2365 ( c a t . , V, pp.2068-9, IX, p.966); Milli
603 Arabic ( c a t . , VIII, p . 8 8 ) ; SipahsilSr 2560 ( c a t . , I , p.449);
Majlis 222 K h u ' i , 1327 ( c a t . , IV, p p . 97-8, VII, p.373); Malik, 3 MSS
( c a t . , I , p . 739); Mar'ashi 2965-7 ( c a t . , VIII, pp. 148-9); Masjid-i
A'cam 370, 4327, 11713; Radawi 8005 (cat., p.1037); Gharb 1347
( c a t . , p.197); MiftZP 62 ( c a t . , p.299)
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS
RIB A L - W ~ F I Y A- s a d r al-Din Mubammad b . Mubarnmad BZqir al-Raaawi
1-gummi (mid-12th c e n t u r y ) :
MAQXBY - Mubamrnad b . 'Ali b . 'Abd al-Nabi al-Babrini ( d . after
Bakim 9 (Nosh, V, p.422)
AL-RASHID
B. NOR AL-DIN
A L - T U S T A R ~ (12th c e n t u r y ) :
1-Mosii'il ol-okhbiiriyyo
S: Majlis 594412 ( c a t . , XVII, pp.328-9)
6 ) ; DZnishgZh 6595 ( c a t . ,
I , p . 304) ; Radawi 2730-1, 7592-610 (Binish, p . 734); Gawharshzd
( c a t . , p.287); NawwZb 102 law ( c a t . , p.456)
pletion: 'Uyiin a/-boqii'iq ol-nii?ira, by IJusayn T\1 'Ugfiir, edited
Sharb muqoddomot ol-tiadii'iq, by Mubsin al-A'raji,
Ibrihim b . MuPammad al-
saw7 al-Dizfiili, MS: SZibib al-Dhari'a (AB, VI, p.81)
~ZibTb01-~ollim, a _com_mentaryon al-FayQ's Mofiitib ol-shorii'i'
S: IlZhiyyit 4-5 A1 AqZ ( c a t . , 1 , p.784); DinishgZh 718, 1588,
I , p.683); Malik 2197, 2617,
2741 ( c a t . , I , p.445); AstZna 7348 ( c a t . , p.136); Faydiyya 56, 77
( c a t . , I , p . 251); Majlis 4449-50, 482211, 5578, 62 T a b i t a b i ' i , 82
Tabstabii'i ( c a t . , XII, pp. 131-2, XIII, p.233, XVII, p.40); Milli 622
Arabic ( c a t . , VIII, p.102); Martashi 1108 ( c a t . , 111, p.280);
GulpZyigZni 281-3, 1680, 1696, 1724 ( c a t . , I , pp.245-6, 111, p p . 13-14,
19, 30); Tarbiyat 237 ( c a t . , p.54); DihkhudZ 209 ( c a t . , p.423);
Bakim 25-6 (Nosh., V, p.422); I s f a h i n , Adabiyyit ( i b i d . , V, p.300);
Radawi, 5 MSS (Binish, p . 887); Gharb, 2 MSS ( c a t . , p . 189);
GawharshZd 1986 ( c a t . , p.334); Amir al-Mu'minin (AB, XIV, p . 75);
Masjid-i A ' ~ a m 7408, 9147; Saryazdi 122 ( c a t . , p.423); U s t i d i , 2 MSS
( c a t . , p.36); Los Angeles M939 ( c a t . , p.270)
HDi A L - N A R A Q ~ - Mahdi b . Abi Dharr al-Kishini (d.1209):
Lowiimi' 01-obkiim
KhZligi ( c a t . , p.94)
Mu' tamad ol-ShT'o
MSS: Mar'ashi 3137 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 366); Faydiyya 1108 ( c a t . , I ,
p.262); Khiligi ( c a t . , p.117)
IJR AL-'ULOM:
A/-Durra, in verse
Editions: Najaf, 1377 and others (see Mushir, col. 360)
Selected MSS: Radawi 2404, 6196, 7648-9 (Binish, p.750); Mar'ashi
92 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'i LAW
(8) Miftiib a/-Riyiid, by IsmZ'il b Najaf al-gusayni al-Marandi ( d . afte
1293), MS: uujjatiyya 463 ( c a t . , p . 89); (9) by Mubammad Taqi al-Hara
MSS: guqiiq 112j ( c a t . , pp.319-21); Mar'ashi 3721 ( c a t . , X, p p . 1 2 0 1 )
(10) by 'Ali Akbar al-Qazwini, MS: Milli 178319 Arabic ( c a t . , X , p.368
(11) Zahr ol-riyiip', by Mu4ammad $%libb . Mubarnmad wasan al-Tihriini
al-Dimad, MSS: Dinishgih 758, 761 ( c a t . , V, p . 1922); Mar'ashi 1429
( c a t . , IV, p p . 212-13); (12) by Mabmiid b . Mubarnmad al-Khu'i, edited
Tabriz, 1312; (13) WothTqat 01-wasii'il, by Abmad b . 'Ali al-gusayni
al-Rashti ( d . after 13201, edited I r a n , 1320; (14) Tarii'iqal-Riyw, b
Ghulim g u s a y n b . 'Ali Agghar al-Darbandi ( d . 13231, MS: Mar'ashi
2718 ( c a t . , VII, p.284); (15) by Fakhr al-Din al-Nariqi, MS: Fayoiyy
870 ( c a t . , I , p.125); (16) by MapmCid b . 'Ali-a1-Mar'ashi ( d . 1338
MS: Mar'ashi 2623 ( c a t . , VII, p.199); (17) Ip'iib a/-Riyiip', by g a b
Allih a1-Kiishini, MS: Mar'ashi 3147 ( c a t . , VIII, p p . 378-9); (18
Mubsin b . Mahdi al-TabitabZ'i al-gakim ( d . 13911, MS: gakim 2279
(19-21) three anonymous o r unidentified commentaries: ( a ) MS: Radawl
8268 (Binish, p.719); ( b ) written before 1268, MS: Radawi 2473 (ibid
p . 882); ( c ) MS: Faydiyya 80012 ( c a t . , 111, p.24)
AL-QUMMT : An wiir 01-faqiiho
- Ghanii'im 01-ayyiim
Editions: Tehr_an, 1301, 1319
Selected MSS: Astina _8345, 6143 ( c a t . , p . 147) ; Malik 2289 ( c a t . , I ,
p . 528) ; IlZhiyyit 1 4 4 A1 Aqi ( c a t . , I , p . 787)
- Moniihij a/-abkiim
Edition: Tehran, 1271 (the chapter on p r a y e r )
Selected MSS: Faydiyya 14115, 110412 ( c a t . , 111, p p . 5, 55); Raaawi
63 ( c a t . , p.37); Milli 250 Arabic ( c a t . , VII, pp.218-19); Ustidi
( c a t . , p.37)
~ A ~ AL-MAQABIS
I B : Selected MSS: Uakirn 72-87 ( c a t . , I , pp.170-7); Gharb 1108-26 ( c a t . ,
Moqiibis al-anwiir
Edition: Trabriz, 1322
Selected MSS: Radawi 2845 (Binish, p.1029); D i n i s h g i h 7303 ( c a t . ,
XVI, p.508); Faydiyya 1712 ( c a t . , 111, p . 1 ) ; Gulpiyigini 467 ( c a t . ,
11, p.177)
AL-MU JAHID :
- Jimimi' a/-aqw3
MS: Radawi 7543 (Binish, p.678)
- Al-Moniihil
Editions: partly edited Tehran, 1274, 1315
Selected MSS: uuqiiq 325j ( c a t . , p . 482); Malik 2951 ( c a t . , I , p p .
740-1); DZnishgih 782-3, 1741, 7719 ( c a t . , V, pp.2069-70, XVI,
p.683); Sipahsilir 2614-18 ( c a t . , I , p p . 537-8); Milli, Arabic 75112,
1688 ( c a t . , VIII, p.208, X , p.270); Radawi, 9 MSS ( c a t . , V, pp.505,
516-17; Binish, p . 1 0 3 8 ) ; Waziri 1 4 0 , 1795 ( c a t . , I , p.178, 111,
p . 1056); Faygiyya 1295 ( c a t . , I , p.248); Bujjatiyya 103 ( c a t . , p.85
Masjid-i A'qam 2964, 2994; Gharb, 4 MSS ( c a t . , p.188); U s t i d i (cat
p . 3 8 ) ; Tabriz, Q i d i ( N o s h . , VII, p.523)
AgMAD A L - N A R A Q ~:
- Hidiiyat a/-ShT'a
MSS: Mar'ashi 125 ( c a t . , I , p p . 147-8); Khilisi, 2 MSS ( c a t . , p p . 127-8
Qum, RCpZni (Zshnii'T, I , p.446)
SYSTEMATIC LEGAL WORKS 93
Mustanad a/-ShT'a
Editions: Tehran, 1273-4, 1325-6
Selected MSS: Sipahsilir 2330-1 (cat. , I , p . 522) ; guqiiq 79b ( c a t . ,
p.463); Gharb 1965 ( c a t . , p.186); Malik, 3 MSS ( c a t . , I , pp.672-3)
JJAMMAD IBRAHiM B. MUgAMMAD BASAN AL-KALBASi ( d . 1262):
Minhiij a/-hidiiya
Edition: Tehran, 1263
Selected MSS: Dinishgih 769, 3929 ( c a t . , V, p.2071-2, XII, p p .
2916-17): Radawi 2635, 8020, 8240 ( c a t . , 11, p.130; Binish, p p .
1047-8); Mar'aahi 2376 ( c a t . , VI, p . 359); Malik 1341; Faydiyya,
6 MSS ( c a t . , I , pp.280-1); Berlin Min.248 ( c a t . , IV, p.158)
Commentary: Mi'riij a/-shari'a, by Mubarnmad Mahdi al-Kalbisi, MSS:
Majlis 3556-9 ( c a t . , X, pp.1520-2); DZnishgih 1215 ( c a t . , VI, p.2355);
Ragawi 7987-92 ( c a t . , V, p.509); Mareashi 2307 ( c a t . , VI, p.45);
'Abd a l - ' ~ ~ i n4l ( c a t . , p.81)
SAN B. JA'FAR AL KASHIF AL-GHITA':
MSS: Majlis 22, 2311 K h u ' i , 4469-70 ( c a t . , VII, p . 2 0 , XII, pp.142-3);
Astina 6368 ( c a t . , p p . 79-80); Faydiyya 14116 ( c a t . , 111, p . 5 ) ;
uujjatiyya 336 ( c a t . , p.38); Mashhad, Ilihiyyit 892 ( c a t . , 11, p.58);
RacJawi 7451 ( B h i s h , p.609); Gawharshid 441 ( c a t . , p . 221); Mahdawi
81011, 81013 ( c a t . , p.128); Biqiriyya (AB, I , p.443)
~ I AL-JAWAHIR:
B
Jowiihir 01-kaliim, a commentary on al-Mubaqqiq's Sharii'i' a/-lsliim. It
has become the most popular reference work in S h i ' i legal studies.
Editions: Najaf-~Qum-Tehran, 1377-1401 (in 43 vols.) and 5 others
(see Mushir, cols. 261-3)
pp. 78-80); Tabitabii'i 730-9 ( c a t . , V . , p p . 1849-53); Majlis 4657
( c a t . , XIII, pp.43-4); Gawharshid 1229 ( c a t . , p.255)
Commentaries: ( 1 ) 01-lnsiif, b y Mubarnmad TZhZ b . Mahdi Najaf al-
Tabrizi ( d . 12231, edited Tehran, 1324; (2) Bobr 01-jawiihir, Persian,
by 'Ali b . Mubarnmad Biqir al-BurCijini (early 14th c e n t u r y ) , MSS:
Waziri 250 (cat., I , p.254); Masjid~iA'gam 1322
Najiit olk'ibiid, a collection of fatwiis - see below
Commentaries: (1) WasTlat a/-ma'iid, h y IsmZ'TI b . Abmad al-'Aqili
al-Niiri ( d . 13211, edited Tehran, 1324; ( 2 ) Adillat a/-rashiid, by
Mubamrnad Busayn al-Qumsha'i , MSS: Tustariyya 476-91, 829 (cat.,
p,788); (3) Subul ol-roshiid, b y Abii T u r i b b . Abi '1-QZsim al-Miisawi
al-Khwinsiri ( d . 13461, edited Najaf, 1332, MSS: Tustariyya 46811,
53812 ( c a t . , pp.801, 863, 865); ( 4 ) b y Abu '1-Majd al-IgfahZni, MS:
Rawoiti (see AB, XIV, pp.lO1-2)
AD^ A L - T I H R ~ ~ -N Mubarnmad
~ H i d i b . Mubarnmad Amin ( d . 1321):
Wadii'i' a/-nubuwwa
Edition: two p a r t s of t h e book are edited, t h e chapter on sale (Najaf,
1320) and t h e chapter on prayer ( T e h r a n , 1342)
Selected MSS: Majlis 195012, 271712, 2720-1, 2753, 2762 ( c a t . , IX,
pp.15-18, 38, 138-9, 165, 661-2); Radawi, 6 MSS (Binish, p.871);
Gharb 8149 ( c a t . , p.205); Masjid-i A'Tarn 106911, 1175, 195211;
Tustariyya (AB, XV, p . 188); UstZdi ( c a t . , p.26)
94 A N INTRODUCTION TO ~ H i ' fLAW

RIQA AL-I-IAMADANT
: B
Migbiib a/-foqTh, an uncompleted commentary on al-Mubaqqiq's Shorii
01-lsliim; only the first 5 chapters on acts of devotion and the chapte COLLECTIONS OF FA T W ~ S
on mortgage
Edition: Najaf, 1347; Tehran, 135311364
MSS: Q u q i q 141j ( c a t . , p . 4 6 8 ) ; Danishgih 3719 ( c a t . , XII, p.2720 MAD AL-TABART:
Majlis 5049-50, 5054-5 ( c a t . , XV, pp.13-14, 16-17) ~ u ' t o q o da/-lmiimiyyo, Persian
Edition: Tehran, 1381
MUJJAMMAD BASAN B. 'ABD ALLAH AL-MHMAQANT ( d . 1323): MSS: RawcJiti ( c a t . , I , p p . 33ff); Gharb 1083612 ( c a t . , p.450)
Dharii'i' ol-a~15m,a commentary on al-Mubaqqiq's Shorii'i' a/-Isliim
Edition: Tabriz, 1319-21 ONYMOUS (belonging to 6 t h l 7 t h c e n t u r y ) :
MSS: Milli 1163 Arabic ( c a t . , IX, p.150); Gulpiyigini 522 ( c a t . , 11, Kitiib-i fiqh, Persian
p . 81) MS: Majlis 260 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, pp.430-3)

A L - K H U R A S ~ N T: D AL-RAIJTMB. M A ' R ~ F(9th c e n t u r y ) :

- Takmilot 01-Tob~iro Nay1 01-moriim, Persian
Edition: Tehran, 1328 MSS: DinishgZh 764 ( c a t . , V , p p . 2099-100); Sipahsiiliir 6175 ( c a t . ,
MS: Niirbakhsh 48511 ( c a t . , 11, p.163) V, p.741); Marcashi 2891, 2712 ( c a t . , VII, p.281, VIII, p.93); Los
- AI-Loma'iit oolnoyyira, an uncompleted commentary on the previous Angeles M349 ( c a t . , p . 9 2 ) ; Fayaiyya 846 ( c a t . , 11, p.109); Gulpayig;ani
work; only the chapter on ritual purity and a p a r t of the chapter on 208 ( c a t . , I , p.184); Waziri 1587 ( c a t . , 111, p.995)
prayer
Editon: Baghdad, 1331 L-JURJANT - Qiyii' al-Din 'Ali b . Sadid al-Din DZwiid (early 10th

A L - Y A Z D ~: Risiilo dor fiqh, Persian

Ai-'Urwa a/-Wuthqii
Editions: Vol. 1, Tehran, 1382 and others:
Q I Y A ' AL-DTN AL-'ARAQ~:
Shorb Tobzirat ol-muto'allimTn
Edition: Najaf, 1345 (chapter on sale), Qum, 1397-
MS: Mar'ashi 3102 ( c a t . , VIII, p.326)
Vols. 2-3, Tehran, 1378
Selected MSS: Waziri 112312 ( c a t . , 111, p . 865); Danishgih 319013
( c a t . , XI, p.2187); FaycJiyya 161712 ( c a t . , 111, p.109); Saryazdi
415 ( c a t . , p.425)
WZjibiit-i namiir , Parsian
Selected MSS: Karachi ( c a t . , I , p p . 26-7); Gharb 10836111 ( c a t . ,

A B U 'L-QASAN A L - I B F A H ~ N ~ : Riszlo yi obkiim, a Persian translation of al-Karaki's collection of

WosTlat a/-najct
Editions: Najaf, 1359 and others MS: Waziri 380813 ( c a t . , V, p . 1804)
Usiil 01-dTn wo furii'uh
A L - J J A K ~ M: MS: Danishgah 288816 ( c a t . , X, p.1733)
Mustomsak o l ' U r w a ol-wuthqf, a commentary on al-Yazdi's a/-'Urwo
01-wuthqz USAYN B. 'ABD AL-JJAQQ AL-ARDABTLT ( d . 950):
Editions: Najaf, 1391 (14 vols.) and 3 others Zubdo = Fiqh-i shiihT, Persian
Edition: Locknow, 1311
MUVAMMAD T A Q ~B. MUJJAMMAD A L - A M U L ~ ( d . 1391): MSS: DinishgZh 771, 72311, 89913, 936, 5744 ( c a t . , V, pp.1766-71,
Migb5b 01-hud5, a n uncompleted commentary on al-Yazdi's 01-'Urwo XVI, p p . 80-1); Princeton 2858 Yahuda (Nosh., X, p . 25); Waziri
01-wuthqii 795, 33 ( c a t . , I , p.44, 11, p.670); Malik 2170 ( c a t . , 11, p . 581);
Edition: Tehran, 1377- Majlis 37, 126 K h u ' i , 4639, 5834 ( c a t . , 11, p . 1 7 , VII, p.135, X, p.1727,
XIII, p p . 29-30, XVII, pp ,246-50); Nawwib 206 law ( c a t . , p.449);
AIJMAD B. Y ~ S U FA L - M ~ S A WAL-KHWANSART:
~ Bengal 1 4 7 7 ( c a t . , 11, p.269); Gharb 1400 ( c a t . , p.26)
J5mi' al-modiirik, a commentary on al-Muhaqqiq's a/-Mukhta~ora/-nffi' L - A R D A B ~:L ~
Edition: Tehran
Risiila d a r $olZt wo $owm, Persian
AL-KHUMAY NT : MSS: RacJawi 2759 ( c a t . , V, p.439); Danishgzh 87819 ( c a t . , V, p p .
1885-6); Gawharshid 99812 ( c a t . , p . 121)
TobrTr ol-WasTlo
Editions: Najaf, 1387, 1391
96 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'i LAW COLLECTIONS OF FA TWJS

'ABD ALLAH AL-TUSTART:

Wfjibft-i nomfz , Persian Minhfj 01-nojft, on dogmatics and acts of devotion
MSS: Gawharshid 1623 ( c a t . , p . 122); Dinishgih 271118, 3224 (cat. MS: Milli 192211 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p . 591)
X, p.1589, XI, p.2185); Radawi 2436, 2441 ( c a t . , 11, pp.70-1)

BAHA' A L - D ~ N AL-'AMIL~ : Persian treatises on various topics, mostly on acts of

Jiimimi'-i 'AbbiisT, Persian, on acts of devotion
Editions: Bombay, 1319 and others ~ a r ' a s h i15, 187, 1602, 1683, 3034, 3050 ( c a t . , I , pp.
Selected MSS: Sipahsilir 2531 ( c a t . , I , p . 15); Bodleian Pers. 1784 p p . 5 , 78, VIII, pp.225, 269); Gulpiyigini 1223, 1305,
( c a t . , 111, p p . 1031-2); Vatican Pers. 15 (cat. Persian, p . 41); Leide 1449 ( c a t . , 11, pp.63, 236, 260); Fayaiyya 1747 ( c a t . , 111, p.128);
1283 Schult. ( c a t . , IV, p . 178) Mill7 1854f ( c a t . , IV, pp; 313-17)
Translation: Arabic, anonymous, MS: Khilisi ( c a t . , p .56)
Completion: ( 1 ) h y Nizim al-Din Mubarnmad b . uusayn al-Sawiji ( d .
1038), edited repeatedly; (2) by Zayn al-'Ahidin al-gusayni M i i yojib 'qlo 'I-mukollof 'omoluh wo I f yoso'uh johluh
(mid-11th c e n t u r y ) , on pilgrimage (mazFr) and inheritance, MS: Tustariyya (AB, XIX, p.35)
MSS: Faygiyya 847117 ( c a t . , 111, p.30); AstSna 6054 ( c a t . , p . 192);
Majlis 45 (cat. , I , p . 13) Nukhbot 01-wiijibft
Commentaries: (1) by 'Ali' B u r h i n al-Tabrizi ( d . after 1054),MS: MSS: Mar'ashi (AB, XXIV, p . 100); Tustariyya 63312 ( c a t . , p . 870)
Asafiyya 176 S h i ' i law (Cat., IV, p.481); (2) by MuPammad b . 'Ali
b . Khwitiin al-'Amili ( d . 10571, MSS: Malik 1434, 5878 ( c a t . , 11,
p.499); Tabriz, Milli 3076 (cat. of microfilms of D i n i s h g i h , 11, p . 75) xdiib 01-tijiiro, on transactions, two versions: Arabic and Persian
Edition: Arabic version, Tehran, 1290 and others; Persian version,
AL-DAMAD : Tabriz , 1321 and others
Shori' 01-nojiit, Persian, on acts of devotion Al-Tubfa 01-tfusoyniyya, on prayer and fasting
Edition: Tehran, 1401 (in t h e collection of ithnf'oshar risiilo li . . . MSS: Dznishgih 1615 ( c a t . , VIII , p . 205) ; Sipahsilir 646412 ( c a t . ,
'I-DZimiid) 111, p.359); Faydiyya 1485 ( c a t . , I , p.40)
Selected MSS: Faydiyya 142512 ( c a t . , 111, p . 9 0 ) ; Majlis 455315 ( c a t . , Translation: Persian, MS: JJujjatiyya 59711 ( c a t . , p . 115)
XII, pp ,236-7) ; Dinishgih 7074 ( c a t . , XVI , p ,445)
AHDT A L - N A R A Q ~ :
AL-MAJLIS~ I :
AnTs 01-tujjiir, Persian, on transactions
tfadTqot 01-muttoqTn, Persian, on acts of devotion Editions: Tehran, 1317, 1329, 1349
Selected MSS: Gulpiyigini 7 1 7 (cat., 11, p ,641; Sipahsilir 1863 MSS: Sipahsilir 2546 ( c a t . , I , p p . 368-9); uuqiiq 185j ( c a t . , p . 2 0 ) ;
( c a t . , 1 , p.405); Uujjatiyya 400 ( c a t . , p.11); Ustadi ( c a t . , p.46); Raaawi 6184 (Binish, p.609); Waziri 1017 ( c a t . , 111, p.823)
Cambridge C. 1619 Browne ( c a t . , p . 21)
p'owiyya, Persian
RAFT' AL-DTN AL-NA'TNT: MuPammad b . Vaydar a l - a u s a y n i al- MSS: Waziri 1937 ( c a t . , 111, p.1100)
T a h i t a b i ' i ( d . 1082):
AL-HAMADLNT
:
Risiila-yi 'omaliyyo, Persian, on acts of devotion
MS: Dinishgih 170712 ( c a t . , VIII, p.254) A / - Tubfa 01-shohTdiyyo, Persian
MS: Milli 302916f ( c a t . , VI, p.810)
AL-SABZAWAF~:
-
Y N B. 'ABD AL-BAQT AL-HuSAYNT AL-KHWLTCINABAD~
Khiliifiyya, Persian, on acts of devotion
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 66, 52811 ( c a t . , I , pp.76-7, 11, p . 133);
Faydiyya 330 ( c a t . , 111, p.200); Radawi 2393 ( c a t . , 11, p.56); MoziibTb 01-qulub, Persian, on acts of devotion
Biqiriyya (AB, XVI, p.280) MSS: Mar'ashi 420 ( c a t . , 11, p . 2 4 ) ; ~ u l p i y i g i n i1066, 1557 ( c a t . ,
- 11, p.170); UstZdi ( c a t . , p.55)
Risiila dor mo'rifat-i abkiim-i shor'iyyo, Persian
MSS: Radawi 705518 ( c a t . , V, p.489); Gulpgyigini 1190 ( c a t . , 11, IjUSAYN AL 'u$FOR:
p . 8 8 ) ; Waziri 1191 ( c a t . , 111, p.889)
A/-Fatiiwf 01-tfusoyniyyo
- Mosii'il-i mutaforriqo, Persian, on acts of devotion MS: Mar'ashi 2350 ( c a t . , VI, p.325)
MS: Radawi 705513 ( c a t . , V, p.489)
- Risiila-yi 'amoliyyo, Persian KASHIF AL-GHITA':
MS: Radawi 2425 ( c a t . , 11, p.66) Bughyat 01-tiilib, on dogmatics and prayer
Selected MSS: Majlis 4588 ( c a t . , XII, p p . 286-7); Mar'ashi 60211,
 98 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHi'i LAW
1539 ( c a t . , 11, p.195, IV, p.339); Tarbiyat 252 ( c a t . , p.28); Los
Angeles M9313 ( c a t . , p,661); I-larvard (Nosh., IX, p.348)
Completion: by Basan A1 Kishif a l - G h i t i ' , on fasting and seclusion,
MS: Mar'ashi 60215 ( c a t . , 11, p . 196)
Translation: Tuhfat 01-riighib , Persian, by S Q i b al-Maqibis, MSS:
Malik 2590 ( c a t . , 11, p . 5 8 ) ; Radawi 2284 (Binish, p.634)
S A ~ I BAL-RIYAP:
-
Zohr a/-riyZd, Persian, compiled by Abii 'Ali MuPammad b . Ismi'il
al-Hi'iri al-Mizandarzni ( d . 1216) on the basis of RiyZ@oolmosZ'il
Selected MSS: Dinishgih 5703, 7163 ( c a t . , XVI, p p . 71, 471); Waziri
1376, 1454 ( c a t . , 111, pp.942, 954); Buriijirdi (AB, XII, p.71);
Nujiimi ( c a t . , p.274)
-
Mukhtazosr-i Risiiio-yi 'amoliyya, Persian, on acts of devotion, by
Ibrihim b . vusayn al-yusayni
MS: Mar'ashi 1956 ( c a t . , V, p . 329)
A L - Q U M M ~:
- Mu'Tn o l - k h a w ~ i s ~on
, acts of devotion
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 18, 720 ( c a t . , I , p . 3 0 , 11, p.315); Gulpiyigi
139111 ( c a t . , 11, p . 254) ; Sipahsilir ( c a t . , I , pp.426, 524);
Tustariyya (AB , XXI, p . 284) ; DZnishgih 3608 (cat. , XII, p . 2613) ;
Gawharshad 1 7 4 7 ( c a t . , p.403)
-
Murshid ol-'owZmm, Persian, on acts of devotion
Selected MSS: Raaawi 2612-13, 7614, 7938 (Binish, p.1002);
Gulpiyigini 694, 726 ( c a t . , 11, p p . 165, 206); Fayoiyya ( c a t . , 11,
p.98); Huqiiq 2 1 1 j ( c a t . , p.191); Majlis 189, 2902, 4086, 5991 ( c a t . ,
I , p.57, X, p.292, XII, p p . 8405; XVII, pp.364-5); Milii 2152f, 2196f
(cat. , V, pp . 206, 281-2)
AL-MUJAHID:
IsIZh 01- 'omol
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 63514, 1082 ( c a t . , 11, p.236, 111, pp.261-2)
Translation: Persian, by Hasan b . Muhammad 'Ali al-Ui'iri al-yazdi,
MSS: Fayoiyya, 906 and 5 other MSS ( c a t . , 11, pp.28-9); Uujjatiyya
403 ( c a t . , p . 7 ) ; Ilihiyyit 821d ( c a t . , 11, p . 4 ) ; Dinishgah 7230 ( c a t . ,
XVI, p.494)
Abridgements: ( 1 ) MisbFb a/-tor7q , Persian, by Uasan b . Muhammad
'Ali al-Yazdi, MSS: Dinishgah 7160 ( c a t . , XVI, p.469); Fayoiyya,
3 MSs ( c a t . , 11, p.100); Masjid-i A'zam 4465; ( 2 ) rubfat ol-muqallj&n
Persian, by Husayn b . Muhammad ai-Wi'ig al-Tustari ( d . after 1240),
MS: vujjatiyya 70316 ( c a t . , p . 122); (3) by Karim b . Hasan al-
I r a w i n i , MS: Mar'ashi 2591 ( c a t . , VII, p.179)
'ABD ALLAH SHUBBAR - 'Abd Allah b . Muhammad ~ i g ail - ~ u s a y n i
al-Kizimi ( d . 1242):
- RisZIo f; 'I-tahZro wa 'ikgolZt
MS: Raoawi 2747 ( c a t . , V, p.442)
- Zubdat 01-do171 = o/-Wo,7ra
MSS: Mar'ashi 339'7 ( c a t . , I X , pp.182-3); Rasht zr ( c a t . , p.1132)
ABMAD A L - N A R ~ Q ~ :
WasTlat a/-najzt, Persian, on acts of devotion
MSS: SipahsilZr 1924 ( c a t . , I , p . 554); Marcashi 2918 ( c a t . , ~ 1 1 1 ,
COLLECTIONS OF FA TWXS
p,lll); Faydiyya 767 ( c a t . , 11, p.110)
R~~ A L - F U S ~ ~ L
= Muhammad JJusayn b . Muhammad Rahim a a l l ~ f a h i n i
R isZio-yi 'amoliyyo, Persian
MS: Gawharshid, 1717 (Cat., p.122)
WIQR B . SHALLAL AL-'AFKAWY A L - N A J A F ~ ( d . 1255):
Jonnot a/-khuld, on dogmatics and acts of devotion
MSS: Dinishgah 7147 ( c a t . , XVI, p.465); Milti 18 Arabic ( c a t . , VII,
p . 2 0 ) ; Radawi 2351 (Bifiish, p . 6 8 4 ) ; Bakim 1650m ( c a t . , 1, p.163)
Tuhfot a/-,obrZr, Persian, on prayer
Selected MSS: Waziri 129 ( c a t . , I , p . 168); FayCliyya 769 and 2 other
MSS ( c a t . , 11, p.20; Ustzdi ( c a t . , p.44)
Abridgements: ( 1 ) by Muhammad Taqi al-Harawi; [he later wrote a
commentary on this abridgement, entitled Koshf 01-aster, MS: Mashhad,
Adabiyyit 119 Fayyig ( c a t . , p . 135)l; (2) ol-WalTzo, Persian, by
Muhammad Ja'far al-Abada'i , edited I r a n , n . d . , selected MSS: Mar'ashi
528 13 ( c a t . , 11, p . 134) ; uujjatiyya 273 ( c a t . , p .30); Sipahsilir 2371
( c a t . , I , p . 508); Masjid-i A'qam 9305; ( 3 ) Hidiiyot 01-okhyiir, Persian,
by t h e same a u t h o r , MS: Mar'ashi 52814 ( c a t . , 11, p.134)
- JawZhir 01-mosZ'ii, Persian, on p r a y e r , compiled by Muhammad Mahdi
b . Muhammad B i q i r al-Mahalliti on t h e basis of al-Shafti's MolZli'
MS: Mar'ashi 2541 ( c a t . , VII, pp.124-5)
- MonZsik-i hajj, Persian
MS: Gawharshid 1765 ( c a t . , p . 107)
MUHAMMAD IBRAHTM AL-KALBAST:
IrshZd 01-mustorshidin, Persian
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 52812 ( c a t . , 11, p.133); Gulpiyigini 926,
1053 ( c a t . , 11, p . 9 ) ; Faydiyya, 2 MSS ( c a t . , 11, p . 12); ~ a z i r i2 4 1
( c a t . , I , p.240)
$A~IB AL-JAWAHIR:
NojZt a/-'ibiid
Edition: T e h m n , 1291 and others
Selected MSS: DanishgZh 1830 ( c a t . , VIII, p.428); ~ a l i k2929 ( c a t . ,
I , p . 765); Mar'ashi 2397 ( c a t . , VI, p . 378)
Translations: ( 1 ) Persian, by 'Ali b. Ibrihim al-Husayni al-Siwiji,
MS: Gulpiyigini 570 ( c a t . , 11, p . 86) ; ( 2 ) Persian, by Abu 'Tilib b .
'Abd al-Muttalib al-JJusayni al-HamadZni ( d . 1266), edited Tehran,
- Siriit 01-nojZt, Persian, compiled by Muhammad 'Ali a l - ~ a z d i
Edition: Tehran, 1319 and o t h e r s
Selected MSS: yujjatiyya 619 ( c a t . , p . 19); GulpiyigEni 1588 ( c a t . ,
Translation: Arabic, MS: Amir a l - ~ u ' m i n i n (AB, XV, pp.38-9)
- RisZila-yi 'amaiiyya, Persian, complied by 'Ali b . Muhammad al-Tustari
 100 A N INTRODUCTION TO S ~ f ' fLAW
MS: Gawharshid 1099 ( e a t . , p.123)
IJASAN B. ' A L ~A L - B U S A Y N ~ ( d . after 1268):
Hidiiyot al-tiilibiii , Persian, on prayer
MS: Mar'ashi 740 ( c a t . , 11, p.341)
MUWAMMAD B. MAHDf AL-ASHRAFT AL-MAZANDARANT ( d . 1315):
Sha 'Z'ir al-lsliim = Su 'ZI wo iowzb, Persian
Edition: Tehran, 1312
AL-YAZDT :
Alk'Urwo a/-wuthqii - see above, section A. It is the most popular
Arabic collection of fatwZs among later Shi'i jurists up to the present
time, on which most of them wrote marginal glosses when their
opinions differed from those stated in this work.
Translation: 01-GhZya al-qu$wii, Persian, by 'AbbZs b . Mubanmad
Ri@ial-Qummi ( d . 13591, edited Baghdad and Tabriz , 1330-6
A B U 'L-WASAN AL-ISFAHXNI:
WasTlot 01-nojiit - see above, section A
AL-BUR~JIRDT- uusayn b . 'Ali a1-Tabitabi'i ( d . 1380):
T a w 0 al-masii'il, Persian, now the most popular Persian collection of
fatwiis, on which most contemporary S h i ' i jurists have written marg
glooses. Many different versions of this work have appeared, reflec
the slightly varying opinions of different jurists.
Editions: Tehran, 1337 and others
AL-~AK~M:
Minhiij 01-$ZlibTn
Editions: Najaf, 1372 and others
A L - K H U M A Y N ~:
TabrTr ol-WosTla - see above, section A.
C Jowiibiir a/-mosii'il olToriibulusiyyiit
MISCELLANEOUS WORKS
AL-MUF~D:
- A I k ' A wT7 fi 'I-fiqh
MSS: ~ a r ' a s h i243112, 255117, 78111, 369412 ( c a t . , I , pp.93, 269,
285, X, p.92); Dinishgih 696318, 104511, 717719 ( c a t . , V, pp.1947-8,
XVI, pp.413, 475); Princeton 139912 New Series; Waziri (Nosh., I V ,
p.397); GawharshZd 109011 ( c a t . , p.353); Majlis 8120 Khu'i ( e a t . ,
VII, p . 196); GuIpZyigZni 2248/2 ( e a t . , 111, p.208); Khiligi ( c a t . ,
p.281)
Abridgement: anonymous, MS : Majlis 4900 ( c a t . , XIV, p . 96)
Translation: Persian, by Abu '1-~Zsim b . Muhammad KiGim a l - ~ u s ~ y ~ i
a l - ~ i i s a w i ,MS: DZnishgih 441911 ( c a t . , X I I I , p.3391)
MISCELLANEOUS WORKS 101
A/-l'liim f l mii ittofoqot 'aloyh ol-lmijmiyyo min al-abkiim mimmii ittofoqat
nl-'Ammo
-. 'a15 khilrffihim fTh
Edition: Najaf, 1372
MSS: DinishgZh 147613 ( c a t . , VIII, p .128) ; sahib al-Dhari'a (cat. of
microfilms of DZnishgih, I , p . 676)
Al-Masii'il al-NoysZbibrjriyyo
MS: Mar'ashi (AB, V, p.240)
Al-masii'jl allot7 so'olohii ol-shoykh AbG Jo'far ol-Tiis?
MS: Majlis 564313 ( c a t . , XVII, p.97)
Jawiibiit 01-mosii'il al-Mow~iliyyo
MSS: Ragawi 144814-5 ( c a t . , 11, p.38); Majlis 281912-3 ( c a t . , X, p p .
126-31); Khilisi ( c a t . , p.288); uakim 438 ( c a t . , 1, p.32); Sibib
al-Dhari'a' (cat. of microfilms of DZnishgih, I , p . 574)
....- ., ,
-Dhari 'a (cat. of microfiims of ~ i < i s h ~ Z h
I ,, p . 574)
Tmnslation: Persian, bv M . H . B . Kiihsurkhi , edited Mashhad, 1389
(in NrSmo-yi fitiini-i ~ u & s XXXI,
, pp.36-57)
jowzbCt mos6'il ol-shorTf Abi 'I-uusoyn ol-Mubosson b. Mubarnmod b.
ol-Niizir ol-HosonT 01-Ross? = a/-Mosii'il ol-Rossiyyiit
MSS: Radawi 2646 ( c a t . , 11, p.134); SipahsZlir 253312 ( c a t . , V,
p.562); Khilisi ( c a t . , p.288); Majlis 518715 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 7 ) ;
DZnishgZh 6914110 ( c a t . , XVI, p.398); Sahib al-Dhari'a (cat. of
microfilms of DZnishgZh, I , p . 574); uakim (Nosh., V, p . 427)
Jowiibiit al-mosij'il ol-Riiziyyiit
MSS: DinishgZh 231914 ( e a t . , IX, 13.949); RaQawi 2429 ( c a t . , 11,
p . 67); Kbiligi ( ( c a t . , p . 288); SZhib al-Dhari'a (cat. of microfilms
of DinishgZh, I , p.574); IJakim 438 ( c a t . , I , p.31); Mar'ashi 369415
( c a t . , X, p.93)
Jowiibiit a/-mosii'il olTobbiiniyyiit
MSS: Radawi 144811 (cat., 11, p.37); KhZlisi ( c a t . , p.288); SZbib
al-Dhari'a (cat. of microfilms of DinishgZh, I , p . 574); ljakim 436
( c a t . , I , p.30)
MSS: SipahsZlZr 253318 ( c a t . , V, p.560); Majlis 518718 + 13 ( c a t . ,
XVI, p p . 8-11); DZnishgZh 6166, 6914122 ( c a t . , XVI, pp.311, 398-9);
KhZlisi ( c a t . , p . 289); $ipib al-Dhari'a (eat. of microfilms of
Dinishgih, I , p.574); Wakim 438 ( c a t . , I , pp.31-2)
...-. .- ,-. . . . - - . -. .
,,
MS: DZnishgZh 108015 ( c a t . , 111, pp.612-13)
Translation: Persian, by Muhammad SZdiq al-Sirkini, MS: WaZiri
(cat. of microfilms of Dinishgih , I , p . 703)
Shotiit ol-fowii'id wa 'I-masii'il, including:
(a) ol-hlasci'il a/-NTliyyiit
( b ) ol-Mosii'il ol-Romliyyiit
(.c ,
) 01-Mosii'iI a/-Wiisitivviit
-,,
and some others of his scattered writings
MSS: Berlin Pet . 4 O ( c a t . , IV, pp.347-8); Princeton 2751 Yahuda ( c a t . ,
137); Majlis 5187111 ( c a t . , XVI, p.10); SipahsilZr 252411 (Cat., V,
102 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H i ' i LAW MISCELLANEOUS WORKS 103

p p . 5 5 7 - 9 ) ; Rar)awi 1448 ( c a t . , 11, p . 6 6 ) ; S i b i b al-Dhari'a (AB, X Mubarnmad al-NiIi , a scholar of t h e same period, s e e Afandi , V, p . 338;
p . 2 2 2 ) ; uakim 432 ( c a t . , I , p . 3 3 ) ; K i s h i n , 'Atifi ( N o s h . , XI-XII, AghZ B u z u r g , XXIV, p p . 125-6)
p p . 953-4) Edition: T e h r a n , 1318; Najaf, 1386
Selected MSS: Bengal 624 ( c a t . , I , p . 3 0 8 ) ; K i s h i n , Rar)awi 237 ( c a t . ,
- Two o t h e r collections of al-Sharif al-Murtar)irs answers t o various
legal a n d theological questions p . 4 4 ) ; Majlis 8148, 2766 ( c a t . , IX, p . 1 7 5 ) ; Princeton 2321 Yahuda
( c a t . , p . 1 3 7 ) ; Mar'ashi 683, 1129, 1 7 7 1 , 279613 ( c a t . , 11, p . 2 7 7 ,
MS: D i n i s h g i h 108016-7 ( c a t . , 11, p . 6 1 3 ) 111, p . 3 0 2 , V, p . 1 5 1 , VII, p . 3 6 2 ) ; GulpiyigZni 104313 ( c a t . , 11,
p . 2 2 2 ) ; DZnishgih 7128 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 4 6 1 ) ; Waziri 11015 ( c a t . , I ,
ABO YA'LA - Mu4ammad b . Ijasan b . IJamza al-Ja'firi ( d . 463):
MasC'il mutaforriqa
MS: Majlis 8128 K h u ' i ( c a t . , VII, p . 3 5 2 )

AL-SHAYKH:
A jwibat 01-masC'il al-Muhannz'iyyo
Edition: Qum, 1401
AI-MasC'il a/-YC'iriyyot Selected MSS: DZnishgZh 102211, 147414, 214413, 247716, 239611,
MSS: Amir al-Mu'minin (JJujjati, p . 6 6 3 ) ; Mar'ashi 151913 ( c a t . , IV, 6710159 (ca:. , V, p p . 2 0 2 1 - 5 , VIII, p . 1 2 6 , IX, p p . 8 2 0 , 1245, XV,
p . 320) p . 4 2 3 7 , XVI, p . 3 4 2 ) ; Radawi 2822, 2330-2, 2727, 2799 ( c a t . , 11, p .
36, V, p p . 396-8); Majlis 4566, 5192 ( c a t . , XII, p p . 259-60, XVI, pp.
A L - R ~ W A N :D ~ 18-20); GulpiyigZni 1 7 5 1 ( c a t . , 111, p . 4 5 ) ; Malik 2510 ( c a t . , 1,
p . 6 6 7 ) ; Ijuqiiq 1012d ( c a t . , p . 4 5 9 ) ; I l i h i y y i t 24614d ( c a t . , I , p . 2 6 6 ) ;
MasF'il, Persian Mar'ashi 1409 ( c a t . , IV, p p . 1 8 7 - 9 ) ; Nawwab 213 law ( c a t . , p . 4 7 5 ) ;
Edition: T e h r a n , 1374 (in Farhang-i Iran zomTn, 111, p p .263-7)
India Office 1797 ( c a t . , 11, p . 3 0 9 ) ; Princeton 96011 New Series
IBN SHANRASHOB: A jwibat masZ'il Ibn Zuhra
MSS: DZnishgZh 147413, 3514117 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 1 2 5 , XII, p . 2 6 5 2 6 ) ;
MutoshFbih a/-Qur'Cn wa mukhtolifuh Vakirn 548 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 8 ) ; IJuqiiq 17811j ( c a t . , p . 4 6 0 )
Edition: T e h r a n , 1369
MS: Majlis 5440 ( c a t . , XVII, p . 3 2 5 ) Ajwibat 01-mas6'il a/-fiqhiyya
MSS: Majlis 564312 ( c a t . , XVII, p . 9 7 ) ; DinishgZh 262115 ( c a t . , IX,
IBN IDRTS:
Masci'il f7 ob'Ziq' al-fiqh wa jawCbFtuhC
MS: f-lakim 570 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 8 )
'Iqd al-jowChir fi 'I-ashbzh wa ' I - n a ~ o ' i r
AL-MUWAQQIQ: MS: Mar'ashi 6 7 1 1 ( c a t . , I , p p . 7 7 - 8 0 )
- Al-'lzziyya
KHR AL-MUIJAQQIQ~N:
MSS: U s t i d i ( c a t . , p . 6 9 ) ; Majlis 1307 ( c a t . , IV, p . 9 2 ) ; D i n i s h g a h
147411 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 1 2 4 ) ; KhXliS ( c a t . , p , 2 8 9 ) ; Buriijirdi ( c a t . , Al-MasC'il a/-TimuliyyCt
p . 3 7 ) ; Raaawi 205 ( B i n i s h , p . 9 1 5 ) MSS: DZnishgih 101212, 214412 ( c a t . , V, p p . 2 0 1 5 - 1 7 , IX, p . 8 2 0 )
- A/-MasE'il a/-BaghdCdiyyo MosE'il ba'p' a/-ajillo
MSS: Raaawi 2655 ( c a t . , 11, p . 1 3 7 ) ; Majlis 2761113 ( c a t . , IX, p p . MSS: DXnishgih 147415 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 1 2 7 ) ; Mar'ashi 45711 ( c a t . ,
162-3); Khiligi ( c a t . , p . 2 8 9 ) ; Masjid-i A'zarn 4377
- A/-MosZ'il al-KomCliyyo MosC'il b a ' j a/-fup'alC'
MS: Malik 1626111 (Danishpazhiih, p p .3-4) MS: I l i h i y y i t 10615d ( c a t . , I , p. 235)
- Al-Maso'il a/-Khwiiriyycit = a/-Masz'il a/-Tabariyyo Al-MasE'il 01-fiqhiyya
MSS: D i n i s h g i h 592311, 231915 ( c a t . , IX, p . 4 9 4 , XVI, p . 1 5 4 ) ; Milli MSS: DZnishgih 1804, 539613, 5237 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 3 8 0 , XV, p p . 4 1 7 2 ,
1943110 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p . 6 2 0 ) 4 2 3 7 ) ; Ijakim 548 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 8 )
- Al-MasE'il ol-Mizriyya Al-MosC'il 01-MacChiriyya, compiled b y Zayn al-Din 'Ali b . Basan b .
MSS: Rar)awi 2654 ( c a t . , 11, p . 1 3 7 ) ; Majlis 1307, 2761112 ( c a t . , IV, Mazihir al-IJilli ( d . a f t e r 786)
p . 9 2 , IX, pp. 161-2); DinishgZh 592312, 147412 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 1 2 4 , MS: D i n i s h g i h 119211 ( c a t . , VI, p . 2 3 4 1 )
XVI, p . 1 5 4 ) ; Khiligi ( c a t . , p . 2 8 9 ) ; Masjid-i A'zam 4377
Al-MasF'il 01-NFsiriyyFt
- A/-Mustalo~Zt01-fiqhiyya MS: Malik 649 ( c a t . , I , p . 6 6 7 )
MS: D i n i s h g i h 73871101 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 5 3 4 )
BN NAJM A L - D ~ N - JJasan d. Ayyiib al-Atriwi al-'Amill (mid-8th
YAJJYA B . SA'TD:
Nuzhat a/-ni2ir (also a t t r i b u t e d t o Muhadhdhab al-Din JJusayn b . MosE'il Ibn Najm
MS: T e h r a n , R i o i Zanjini (AB, XX, p p . 3 3 3 - 4 )
104 A N INTRODUCTION TO s ~ i ' LAW
i MISCELLANEOUS WORKS 105

AL-SHAHID
AL-AWWAL: Malik 1302 ( c a t . , I , p . 176); (ii) MS: Qakim 1697 ( c a t . , I ,
) ; (iii) MS: Gulpiyigini 827 ( c a t . , 11, p . 8 ) ; ( i v ) ~ s : s i p a h s i l i r
- ~ j ~ j a/-mosii'il
b ~ t 01-fiqhiyyo, compiled by his son c a t . , I , p.409, V, p.561); ( v ) MS: same library 117611 ( c a t . ,
MSS: Raaawi 2369-70, 2351 (cat., 11, p.39) pp.285-6); ( v i ) D i n i s h g i h 696316 ( c a t . , XVI, p.413); (vii) MS:
- Ajwibot rnasii'il a/-Miqdiid b . ' A b d Alliih 01-SuyGri
library 717717 ( i b i d . , XVI, p.475); (viii) MS: same library
198 ( c a t . , XVI, p.534)
MSS: Raaawi 421, 7210 ( c a t . , 11, p.130, V, P.355)
- A j w i b o t mosii'il Mubornmod b . Mujiihid : Astina 584412 ( c a t . , p.219)
MS: gakim 742 ( c a t . , I , p.29)
-Mosmiiro, Persian, his answers to legal questions compiled by Shams
- Arba' mosii'il f i q h i y y o Din Mubarnmad Mitqilbif
MS: Dinishgih 2711 ( c a t . , X, P. 1591) : Najaf, Madrasat al-Sayyid CAB, XXI, p.25)

IBN FAHD: A H ~ DAL-THANT :

- A j w i b o t ol-rnosii'il a / - f i q h i y y o A jwibot m a ~ i i ' i lu u s a y n b . RobT'o a/-ModonT
MS: BZqiriyya (AB, XII, p.242) MS: Majlis 519216 ( c a t . , XVI, p.21)
- A/-Masii'il 01-bobriyyo Ajwibot masii'il l b n F o r r i i j
MSS: Raaawi 2632 ( c a t . , 11, p.130); Majlis 4566115 ( c a t . , XII, p . 2
MS: Majlis 519215 ( c a t . , XVI, p.-21)
- A / - M o s i i 3 i / 01-Shiimiyyo = Masii'il so'olohii 01-shaykh ?ohTr 01-DTn b .
Ajwibat a/-masii'il 01-Miizibiyyo
01-uusiirn 01-'ZimilT MS: Ijuqiiq 22815j ( c a t . , p.231); Raaawi 160 law ( c a t . , 11, p.48);
MSS: Majlis 4566114 ( c a t . , XII, p . 265); DZnishgih 696317 ( c a t . , X ~ a r ' a s h i125913 ( c a t . , IV, p.60)
p.413)
Ajwibot a/-rnosii'il a/-Nojofiyya
- A/-Lawiimi' MS: Raaawi 724511 ( c a t . , V, pp.496-7)
MSS: Raaawi 2633, 2637, 6537 ( c a t . , 11, pp.130-1, V, p.487); M
4566116 ( c a t . , XII, pp.265); ZanjZni 2313 ( c a t . , p.198) A jwibat a/-mosii'il 01-Shiirniyyo
MS: Raoawi 724512 ( c a t . , V, p.497)
M U F L I ~AL-SAYMART: A jwibat rnasii'il S h u k r b . uomdiin
Al-TonbTh ' a l i i g h o r i i ' i b man l i i yahp'uruh a / - f o q i h MS: DZnishgih 3414122 ( c a t . , XII, p.2527)
MS: Majlis 2761111 ( c a t . , IX, p.161) A jwibot masii'il a / - s o y y i d Shorof a/-DTn a/-SomiikT
MSS: Dinishgih 209915 ( c a t . , VIII, p.727); guqiiq 28814j ( c a t . ,
A L - K A R A K ~: p.231); Raaawi 159 law ( c a t . , 11, p.48); 'Abd al-'Aqim 235 ( c a t . ,
- A jwibot ol-rnosii'il 01-fiqhiyyo, compiled by Fadl Allih al-gusayni al- p.445); Bengal ( c a t . , I , p.320); Qakim (AB, XX, pp.6-7)
Astaribidi Fawii'id m u t o f o r r i q a
MSS: DZnishgZh 2144143 ( c a t . , IX, p.829); Majlis 4566117, 534013 MS: Raaawi 2897 ( c a t . , V, p.469)
( c a t . , XII, p.266, XVI, p.252); Sipahsilir 604113 ( c a t . , IV, p.110
Ustidi ( c a t . , p.68); Raaawi 677 (Binish, p.847) MajrnTi'ot o l - i E d i i t = a / - R o s i i ' i l , a collection of 1 2 treatises of which 8
Translation: by Mubarnmad gidiq al-Sirkini , MS: Waziri ( c a t . of are legal (see below, chapter 6)
microfilms of DZnishgZh, I , p ;702) Edition: Tehran, 1313
Selected MSS: Majlis 265, 447118, 535413 ( c a t . , XII, p.146, XVI,
- A jwibot a/-rnosii'il a / - f i q h i y y a p . 2 6 5 ) ; Quqiiq 228j ( c a t . , pp.232, 285, 311, 328, 330, 401, 492);
MSS: Raaawi 2333-4 ( c a t . , 11, pp.36-7); D i n i s h g i h 696314-5 ( c a t . , Raaawi 2364-8 ( c a t . , 11, pp.47-8, 141-2); Dinishgih 2099, 320518,
XVI, p.412); Tustariyya (AB, XII, p.247) 625511, 7203 ( c a t . , VII, pp.272-8, XI, p.2163, XVI, pp.228, 486);
- A jwibot a/-rnosii'il 01-Saymariyyo Zanjin ( c a t . , p p . 140-1) ; D i r al-Kutub 19179b, 3326j ( c a t . , I ,
MS: S h i r i z i (AB, 11, p.89, V, p.204) pp.278, 381, 388, 391); Los Angeles M120, MI69 ( c a t . , p.667);
Tustariyya 140 ( c a t . , pp 835-6); Baku MI40141 ( N o s h . , IX, p.242):
- A j w i b a t mosii'il worodot fT Mubarram sono 929 ' o n a/-siido a/-'ularnii' Bakim 1656m; 'Abd al-'A~im 235 ( c a t . , p.445); Mar'ashi 1777, 2362,
MS: DZnishgih 87211 (cat., V, p . 1807) 44417 ( c a t . , 11, p.49, V, p p . 157-8, VI, p.346); Gulpiyigini 175115
- Ajwibot masii'il mawliinii Yiisuf a/-MiizandariinT c a t . I , 4 1 Masjid-i A'zam 45111
MS: SipahsZlZr 604112 ( c a t . , V, p.120) Mosii'il a/-tilrnTdh
- A j w i b o t a/-rnasii'il a / - f i q h i y y o , compiled by 'Ali b . Abi '1-FatQ al- MS: Buriijirdi (AB, XX, p.341)
Mazra'i alk'xmili Al-Mukh t i i r min rnowiiq'i' 01-khiliif f7 mosii'il k i t i i b a/-Lum'a
Edition; Sidon, 1348-9 (in al-Amin al-'Amilii's Ma'iidin a / - j a w i i h i r , I , a/-Dimoshqiyyo
p p . 345-51) MS: Bengal 640 ( c a t . , I , p.316)
- A j w i b o t a/-rnosii'il a / - f i q h i y y a , answers to different legal questions: Al-TonbTh ' o l i i rnosii'il i d d a ' i i F h i i a/-Shoykh a/-Tiis7 a/-ijmii' mo'o
106 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'i LAW MISCELLANEOUS WORKS

o n n a h n o f s o h khZlof ,f7bukrn rnZ i d d a ' Z a/-ijmZ' fib = Risiilo IT ijrn?'?

S h a y k h 01-Tci'ifa
Editions: Tehran, 1308 (together with al-Shahid al-Awwal's 01-Alfiyy
Mashhad, 1392 (in the collection of 01-Dhikr? o l - a l f i y y o l i ' I - S h o y k h
a / - T C s T , pp.789-98)
MSS: Gulpiyigini 1484 ( c a t . , 11, p.45); DinishgZh 636913 ( c a t . ,
XVI, p.253); IlihiyyZt 56113 ( c a t . , I , pp.328-9); Amir al-Mu'rninin
358 ( N o s h . , V , p.414)
A / - l 'p'iilcit o l ' o w r ~ i i t
MS: Fayaiyya 141513 ( c a t . , 111, p.90)
A / - l t h n i i ' o s h o r i y y a = ' U y C n 01-mos?'il 01-fiqhiyyo
MSS: Princeton 23213 New Series; Dinishgih 859, 183718 ( c a t . , V,
pp.1760-1, ,VIII, p.434); JJuqiiq 1013d ( c a t . , pp.230-1); I s f a h i n ,
Madrasa-yi Sadr ( N o s h . , V, p ,312); Tiflis 69919 (ibid., VIII, p . 260)

F ~ U S A Y NB . 'ABD AL-SAMAD B . SHAMS AL-DTN MUVAMMAD A L - H ~ R I T UVAMMAD TAQT B. ABI 'L-JJASAN AL-IjUSAYNf AL-ASTARABAD~
A L - ' A M I L ~ ( d . 984): (mid-11th c e n t u r y ) :
- Mosa ' o l a t Z n Muni;qashZt f i q h i y y o
MSS: Mar'ashi 74412 ( c a t . , 11, p.345); Milli 194313 Arabic ( c a t . , X MS: Raaawi 2647 ( c a t . , 11, p . 135)
p p . 616-17); Gulpiyigini 4813 ( c a t . , I , p.58); Majlis 1836112 (cat
IX, pp.489-91) ULTAN A L ' U L A M A ' :
- Moso'il f i q h i y y o
MS: SipahsilZr 233311 ( c a t . , I , p.409, V, p . 561) MS: Mar'ashi 303811 ( c a t . , VIII, p p . 238-9)
- Al-Tusii'iyyo = T i s ' rnosii'il
MSS: Majlis 1805153, 4900148, 596013 ( c a t . , IX, p.356, XIV, p.74,
XVII, p p . 344-5); Princeton 53813 Yahuda ( c a t . , p . 149) A j w i b a - y i rnasZ3iI-i f i q h r , Persian, compiled by Kalb 'Ali al-Buriijirdi
MS: Milli 258212f ( c a t . , VI, p.112)
SAHIB AL-MA'ALIM:
A jwibot rnasz'il Mubornmod b . J u w a y b a r al-MadonT = al-Mos?'il ol-
AFT e AL-DTN AL-NA'INY:
Madoniyyiit A j w i b o - y i rnosZ'il-i f i q h r , Persian, compiled by Mahdi b . R i a i
MSS: uakim 90311 ( c a t . , I , p.165); DinishgZh 731216 ( c a t . , XVI,
p . 510) ; Malik 1049 MS: Raaawi 2772 ( c a t . , V, p.355)

'ABD ALLAH AL-TUSTARf: USAYN AL-KHWANSART:

A / - R o s z ' i l , a collection o f a r o u n d 20 treatises on various legal topics A j w i b a t 01-rnasZ'i1, a collection of answers given by this scholar and his
(see below, chapter 6) two sons, Raai al-Din and Jamil al-Din, to various legal and theolog-
MSS: Radawi 7055 (Binish, p.982); Najaf, Shari'at (AB, V, p p . 243 ical questions
245, 302, XI, pp.47, 64, 149, 155, 156, 157, XV, p.175, XVI, p.55, MS: Raaawi 2644 ( c a t . , 11, p.133)
XVIII, p p . 8 4 , 88, 103, XXIV, p.105, XXV, p.110)
L-SHTRWANT- Mubamrnad b . Basan, Mull5 Mirzi ( d . 1098):
BAHA' AL-DTN AL-'AMILT: A j w i b o - y i rnosZ'il-i f i q h r , Persian
- A j w i b o t rnosci'il 01-Shoykh J z b i r MS: Fayoiyya 1665 ( c a t . , 111, p . 113); Dinishgih 7008 ( c a t . , XVI,
MS: Dinishgih 262116 ( c a t . , IX, p.1497)
- A j w i b a t rnas?'il 01-shaykh SFlib b . Hason 01-Jorii'irT
L - M A J L I S ~ 11:
MSS: Dinishgih 431613, 113017, 359819, 587316 ( c a t . , V, pp.1797-8,
XIII, p . 3279, XV, p.4241, XVI, p . 117); Bakirn 1817 Rashti ( c a t . , A jwibot rnosc'il a/-Mow15 Mojd 01-DTn o l T u s t o r T
p . 39); Majlis 519217 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 22); Adahiyyit 120111 Ffikmat MS: Princeton 388 New Series (fols. 49a-51b)
( c a t . , p . 4 2 ) ; Sini 124516 ( c a t . , 11, p.181); Mar'ashi 169113 ( c a t . ,
A y i i d i Sob?, Persian, compiled by Mubarnmad Ja'far b . Mubarnmad
V, p . 8 6 ) ; SipahsilZr 451014 ( c a t . , 11, p.277); Zanjin ( c a t . , p.89)
TZhir al-Khabiishini
Translation: Persian, by MuPammad SZdiq a l - S i r k i n i , MS: Waziri
MS: Mar'ashi 60214 ( c a t . , 11, p.196)
( c a t . of microfilms of DXnishgih, I , p p . 702, 705)
JawZb-i rnosii'il-i K h u r i i s i i n , Persian, compiled by Barnid b . Mubarnmad
- JowZb-i rnos?'il-i ShZh ' A b b Z s , Persian
Budali' al-Ffusayni
MS: Sipahsilir 815013 ( c a t . , 111, P.276); Danishgih 7013111 ( c a t . ,
MS: Dinishgih 591414 ( c a t . , XVI, p.150)
XVI , p . 429) ; Milli ( c a t . of microfilms of D i n i s h g i h , 11, p ,266)
Jowiib-i rnos?'il-i rnrrz? s o y y i d ' A i r , Persian, compiled by @mid b .
- Ai-Maso'il ol-fiqhiyyo
MS: Majlis 2761110 ( c a t . , IX, p p . 160-1) Muhammad Budali' al-JJusayni
MS: DinishgZh 591415 ( c a t . , XVI, p.150)
, Persian
H i d z y o t 01-ikhwcn
MS: Fayaiyya 174711 ( c a t . , 111, p.128)
108 AN INTRODUCTION TO ~ ~ 7 LA
'W7
- Majmii'a-yi s u '51 wa jawZb, Persian, compiled by Mubarnmad Kicim
al-Sabzawiri
MS: Gulpiyigini 53614 ( c a t . , 11, p p . 198-9)
-
Majmu'a-yi su'Zil wa jawZb,Persian, different from above
MS: Mar'ashi 2530 ( c a t . , VII, p . 117)
- A/-MosZ'il 01-Hindiyya
Edition: Igfahin, 1403 (in M . Mahdawi's ZindigTnZma-yi 'A11Zima-yi
MajlisTl
MS: Ustidi ( c a t . , p.35)
- Nagm a / - I a ' X , Persian, compiled by Mul?ammad b . Abmad al-gusayni
al-Lihijini
MSS: Milli 2011f ( c a t . , V, p p . 11-12); Majlis 6895 (fols. 46a-69a);
Gawharshid 614 ( c a t . , p . 132); Mar'ashi 2535 (cat. , VII, p . 120)
- Su'Zl wa jawZbi-i f i q h r , Persian
MS: DXnishgSh 591416 ( c a t . , XVI, p.150)
AIjMAD B. IBRAHTM A L - B A ~ R A N T ( d . 1132):
-
Ajwibat masZ'il 01-sayyid Yoby5 b. al-soyyid Vusayn a/-AbsZ'T
MS: Princeton 229119 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.139)
- Ajwibat mosZ'ii al-shaykh 'Abd 01-lmiim a/-AbsF'T
MS: Princeton 229121 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.139)
- 13.433); uakim 69 ( c a t . , I , p.76); Tustariyya 284 ( c a t . , p.848)
Ajwibat masF'il 01-shaykh 'AT b . LuJf AllZh 01-BabriinT
MS: Princeton 229117 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.139)
-
Ajwibat maso'il 01-shaykh Nii$ir b . Muhammad a/-KhafJT a/-JZririidT
MS: Princeton 229116 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.139)
AL-SAMAHPJT:
- IV, p.550); Tustariyya 29013, 42112 ( c a t . , pp.849, 860)
Ajwibat masii'il 01-sayyid 'Abd Alliih b . a/-soyyid 'AlawT 'Atiq
01-Vusayn
MSS: Berlin Pm. 50518 ( c a t . , 111, p.315); Tustariyya 63319 ( c a t . ,
p . 870) ; London, Ismi'ili Institute 631
- A jwibat masZ'il 01-shaykh SulaymZn
MS: Berlin Pm. 505115 ( c a t . , 111, p.323)
- Ai-Fiikiha ol-Kii?imiyya
MS: Tustariyya (AB, XVI, p.97)
- Val1 01-'uqiid
MS: Berlin Pm. 505125 ( c a t . , IV, p.211)
- Hidiiyat 01-sZ'il
MS: KSshSni 164 ( c a t . , p.296)
-
Al-Lum'a 01-jaliyya f i tabqTq 01-masZ'il 01-Ismii'TIiyya
MSS: Berlin Pm. 505124 ( c a t . , 111, p.314); Tustariyya 633112 ( c a t . ,
p.871); Buriijirdi (AB, XVIII, p.350)
- Al-Masii'il 01-Bihbahiiniyya
MS: Berlin Pm. 505118 ( c a t . , 111, p.491)
- Al-Masa'il 01-~usayniyya
MSS: Radawi 6981 ( c a t . , V, p.499); Los Angeles MI0611 ( c a t . , p.66
- A/-MasZ'il al-Kiiziriiniyya
MS: Berlin Pm 505126 ( c a t . , 111, p.315)
MISCELLANEOUS WORKS
A/-MasZ'il a/-Mu~ammadiyya
MS: Radawi 6935 ( c a t . , V, pp.499-500)
Al-MasZ'il ol-Nii$iriyya
MS: Berlin Pm. 505128 ( c a t . , 111, p.315)
Al-Nafha a/-'onbariyya f i jawZbZt a/-masZ'il 01-Tustariyyo
MS: Tustariyya 633110 ( c a t . , p . 870)
Al-Risiila a/-FahliyZniyya = JawZbZt masZ'il a/-sayyid AbT TZlib
MS: Berlin Pm. 50515 ( c a t . , IV, p.361)
Al-Risiilo 01-sayfiyyo F jawiibZt ol-masZ'il 01-DashtastZniyya
MS: Berlin Pm. 505123 ( c a t . , 111, p.314)
Mas'alot 01-shaykh 'Abd Alliih b , a/-shaykh Faraj
MS: Berlin Pm. 505111 ( c a t . , 111, p.323)
L-FAPIL AL- HIND^ :
A/-IbtiyZtiit 01-fiqhiyya
MS: Tustariyya (AB, XI, ~ p . 3 4 ~ XV,
5 , p.348)
ABD ALLAH B. NOR AL-DIN A L - J A Z A ' I R ~ ( d . 1173):
Al-An wZr a/-jaliyya f i ojwibat al-masii'il 01-Jabaliyya 01-iilZ
MSS: DinishgSh 69112 ( c a t . , VI, p.2144); Gharb 1007614 ( c a t . ,
Al-DhakhTra a/-abadiyya ajwibat 01-masii'il a/-Ahmadiyya
MSS: Tustariyya (AB, X , p.12); gusayniyyat IGshif al-Chit;' 14
- Al-DhakhTra a/-bZqiyo F ajwibat 01-masZ'il a/-Jabaliyya a/-thZniya
MSS: Dinishgsh 69113 ( c a t . , VI, p.2226); Sipahsilir 451015 ( c a t . ,
- A/-Maqiisid a/-'aliyya fT jawZbiit a/-masZ'il a/-'Alawiyya
MSS: SipahsilSr 451011 ( c a t . , V, p.631); Tustariyya 29011 ( c a t . ,
p.849); Shirizi (AB, XXI, p.382)
AL-KHWAJO'~
- MuPammad IsmX'il b . Mubarnmad Qusayn al-Isfahini
A jwibat a/-masii'il
MS: Mareashi 198614 ( c a t . , V, p.359)
Al-RasZ'il, a collection of around 20 treatises on various legal and theo-
logical questions (see below, chapter 6)
MSS: Los Angeles M95, MI20 ( c a t . , pp.562, 666); Mashhad,
Adabiyyit 25 FayyXd ( c a t . , p p . 210-14)
$%QIB A L - ~ A D A ' I Q :
- Ajwibot a/-masii'il 01-fiqhiyya
MSS: Mar'ashi 345013 ( c a t . , IX, p . 242); Gulpiyigini 224811 ( c a t . ,
111, p.208); Las Angeles MI0614 ( c a t . , p.664)
- A jwibat 01-masii'il al-thaliith
MS: Mareashi 345012 ( c a t . , IX, p.241)
- A jwibat a/-masii'il
MS: SipahsSlir 735112 ( c a t . , 111, pp.275-6)
- Al-Anwiir a/-VTriyya
MS: Radawi 6992 ( c a t . , V, pp.367-9)
110 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MISCELLANEOUS WORKS 111

- Al-Durar a/-Nojofiyyo Edition: Tehran, 1319 (together with his G h o n Z ' i m 01-oyyzm)
Editions: Tehran, 1307, 1314
MSS: 'Abd al-'Avim 407 ( c a t . , p.465); Mar'ashi 3423 ( c a t . , IX, N TAWQ A L - B A B R A N ~- Abmad b . Silih, (mid-13th c e n t u r y ) :
pp. 209-10) A j w i b o t m a s Z ' i l 01-soyyid H u s o y n
- A/-Lo'= a/-zowSihir MS: Mar'aslli 2358113 ( c a t . , VI, p.338)
MS: Majlis 585211 ( c a t . , XVII, pp.262-3) A j w i b o t m o s ~ ' i 101-shoykh Muhammad 01-DorozT
- A l - M o s Z ' i l 0 1 - B i h b o h Z n i y y a = A j w i b o t masSi'i1 a / - s o y y i d ' A b d A l l Z h b . MS: Mar'ashi 235817 ( c a t . , VI, p.336)
a / - s o y y i d ' A l o w T 01-BilZidT
MS: Mar'ashi 345011 ( c a t . , IX, p.241)
S u ' Z l wo jawZb, Persian
AL-BIHBAHANi : MS: Mar'ashi 71512 ( c a t . , 11, p.310)
- A j w i b o t a / - m a s Z ' i l , Persian, compiled by MuPammad Basan b . 'Abd
al-Wahhib al-Khurisini BMAD AL-NARAQT:
MS: Dinishgih 1622 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 208) R o s Z ' i l wo m o s i j ' i l , Persian and Arabic
- S u ' Z l wo j o w l i b , Persian, compiled b y Muhammad b . 'Abd Allih al- MS: Gulpiyigini 1682 ( c a t . , 11, p.84, 111, p.15)
Uusayni al-Qummi
MSS: Buqiiq 10811j ( c a t . , pp.349-50) 'ALT B . J A ' F A R AL KLSHIF AL-GI-IITA' ( d . 1254):
A l - T o q r T r Z t , his lectures compiled by some of his pupils
AL-KIRMANSHAH~: MSS: Malik 2992 ( c a t . , I , p.227); Gharb, 3 MSS ( c a t . , p.77)
, Persian
MoqZrni' 01-fadl
Edition: Tehran, 1275, 1316 MUUAMMAD JA'FAR B . M U ~ A M M A D'ALIAL-KIRMANSHAHT ( d . 1254):
Selected MSS: Dinishgih 6756 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 354); JJuqiiq 108j ( c a t . , T u b f a t 0 1 - o b r l i r , Persian
pp.203-4); Ilihiyyit 30b ( c a t . , I , p.409); Milli 2338f ( c a t . , V, p . MS: RaQawi 6997 ( c a t . , V, p . 377)
457); Mar'ashi 3003, 3165 ( c a t . , VIII, p p . 177-8, 394); Masjid-i
A'zam 613 MUWAMMAD M A H D ~B . MUBAMMAD SHAFT' A L - A S T A R A B A D ~ ( d . 1259):
~ A ~ AL-RIYAP:
I B , Persian
Nojm 01-mu'min
MS: Mashhad, Ilihiyyit 111811 ( c a t . , 11, p.250)
S u ' Z l wo jowZb, Persian
MS: Milli 291113f ( c a t . , VI, p.630)

AL-QUMMT: Su'Eil wa jowZb, Persian, compiled by MuPammad Ibrihim b . Abi

'1-JJasan al-MGsawi
- Jlimi' a / - s h a t r t , Persian and Arabic Edition: Igfahin, 1248 (Vol. 1)
Editions: a selected version of it has been edited Tehran, 1277, 1303, Selected MSS: Sipahsilir 2357, 2361 ( c a t . , I , pp ,424-5); Gawh'drshid
1324 414, 1401 ( c a t . , p.131); Mareashi 2542 ( c a t . , VII, p . 125);
Selected MSS: Dinishgih 182711-3, 1682, 763713 ( c a t . , VIII, p p . 242, Gulpiyigini 435, 877 ( c a t . , 11, p.102); uujjatiyya 92-3, 2 1 1 ( c a t . ,
424, XVI, p . 661); Sipahsilir 2350, 2358-63 ( c a t . , I , pp.427-9); p.17); Zanjini 145 ( c a t . , p.257); Saryazdi 134 ( c a t . , p.422);
Astina 6418 ( c a t . , p.99); Mlli 234411f 291112f ( c a t . , V, p.462, VI, U s t i d i , 2 MSS ( c a t . , p.48); D i n i s h g i h 716112 ( c a t . , XVI, p.470)
p.529) Abridgement: anonymous, MS: Sipahsilir 2371 ( c a t . , I , p . 509)
Translation: Arabic, anonymous (written in 12661, MS: Mar'ashi
1746 ( c a t . , V, p.130) ~ A ~ AI LB- J A W ~ H I R :
Rearrangements: ( 1 ) by MuPammad Basan b . Muhammad SZliQ al-
Busayni al-Niirbakhshi , MSS: Tustariyya (AB, V, p . 6 0 ) ; Khayrit - S u ' 3 wo jawiib
Khin 38 ( c a t . , p p . 1729-30); Zanjin ( c a t . , p . 245); ( 2 ) by Mubarnmad MS: Fayoiyya 108212 ( c a t . , 111, p.53)
b . Mubammad 'AE al-Kishini al-Turkabidi ( d . 12691, MS: KhXligi - A l - T o q r T r Z t , his lectures compiled by Mubarnmad 'AE bl-Shafti
( c a t . , pp.95-6) MS: Mar'ashi 199514 ( c a t . , V, p.367)
- Jowiimi' o l - r a s Z ' i l , a collection of 20 treatises by al-Qummi, compiled b
Hidayat b . Rid--,al-Qummi (see below, chapter 6) M A v M 6 3 B . MUBAMMAD ' A L ~AL-KIRMLNSHLH~
( d . 1271):
Selected MSS: Tustariyya 426 ( c a t . , p.861); Fayaiyya 818 ( c a t . , I , , Persian and Arabic
A j w i b o t 01-mosZ'il 01-thalZth
p p . 67-8); Mar'ashi 960 ( c a t . , 111, p . 152) ; Masjid-i Aezam 11766; MS: Mar'ashi 153713 (cat. ,IV, p.338)
Radawi 7261, 7667 (Binish pp.777-8)
-
A / - R o s Z ' i l , another collection of 20 treatises by al-Qummi.
11 of these MUUAMMAD M A H D ~B. MUBAMMAD I B R ~ I MAL-KALBAS~ ( d . 1278):
a r e t h e same a s those included in the previous collection (see below, A j w i b o t 01-mosZ'il 01-tholZth
chapter 6). MSS: Milli Arabic 15, 16 ( c a t . , VII, pp.18-19)
112 A N INTRODUCTION TO s ~ f ' fLAW MISCELLANEOUS WORKS
AL-ANSARI : 01-MosZ'il o l - o r b o ' i n 01-'kmiliyya
LawcSmi' a/-nikcSt, his lectures compiled by MaomEd b. Ja'far al-May Edition: Najaf, 1344 (in the above-mentioned collection)
al-'Ariqi ( d . 1308)
Selected MSS : DZnishgZh 744-9 (Cat., V , p p . 1943-2000) ; Ragawi VAMMAD JJUSAYN AL KASHIF AL-GHITA' ( d . 1373):
6654-6 ( c a t . , V , pp.487-8); Malik 1419, 2734 ( c a t . , I , p.624); G TobrTr a/-Majollo, a commentary on the Ottoman code, Mojollot
3 MSS ( c a t . , pp.178-9); Amir ai-Mu'minin CAB, XII, p.328, XVIII,
p.358)

ANONYMOUS
MojmC'a-yi s u ' z l wo jawzb-i fiqh?, Persian BubCth f i q h i y y o , his lectures compiled by 'Izz &Din BaQr a1
MS: Majlis 454611 ( c a t . , XII, pp.218-19) Edition: Najaf, 1384
A L - X S H T I Y ; ~ N ~- MuPammad JJasan b . Ja'far ( d . 1319):
Su'cSl wa jowZb, Persian, compiled b y MuPammad 'Aii al-YiizbZshi
MS: GawharshZd 990 ( c a t . , p p . 130-1)

HAD^ AL-TIHRANT :
A jwibat ol-masZ'il
MS: Tustariyya 878 ( c a t . , p . 789)

iiL BAVR A L - ' U L ~ M - Muhammad b . Mubarnmad Taqi al-TabZtabZ'i

( d . 1326):
Bulghot 01-faqTh, a collection of 16 treatises on various legal topics
(see below, chapter 6)
Editions: Tabriz, 1325; Tehran, 1329; Najaf, 1389

AL-KHURASANT :
- Hoqq 01-qodZ', his lectures compiled by Mailmiid b . Mubsin al-NajaE
al-KZshZni
MS: Mar'ashi 2429 ( c a t . , VII, p.24)
- ' I d d o t mosZ'il min abwiib s h a t t c
Edition: Baghdad, 1331 (in a coliection of his writings entitled
ShodhorcSt)

AL-YAZDI
:
AI-Su'Zl wo 'I-jowFb, compiled by 'Ali Akbar al-KhwZnsZri
Editon: Najaf, 1340

$T\DIQ B. MUBAMMAD AL-TABRiZf ( d . 1351):

Al-FawC'id t
7 s h o r b bo'p' a/-mobiihith a/-mushkila f i ' I - f i q h
Edition: Tabriz , 1351

'ABD ALLAH B. MUUAMMAD BASAN AL-MAMAQXN'I ( d . 1351):

- Al-MosC'il 01-Boghdcdiyyo
Edition: Najaf, 1336
- Al-MosC'il 01-Bo$riyyo
Edition: Najaf, 1342
- Al-MosC'il 01-Khu'iyyo
Edition: Najaf, 1344 (in a collection of his treatises entitled
01-IthnF'oshoriyyo)
 MONOGRAPHS - GENERAL 115

gZh 5471 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 17); ~ a r ' a s h i 1570,

Chapter Six 1042 ( c a t . , 111, p.235, IV, p.379); Majlis 5506 ( c a t . , XVI, p.407)

Editions: Tehran, n . d . , 1384-5; Najaf, n . d .

SOME MONOGRAPHS Selected MSS: Diinishgih- 5129 ( c a t . , XV, p.4121); Waziri 634 ( c a t . ,
11, p.535); Ilihiyyit 74 A1 Aqii ( c a t . , I , p . 794); Sipahsiliir 5191
( c a t . , V, p.451); Masjid-i A'vam 9697; Majlis 4439 ( c a t . , XII, p . 123);
A Fayrjiyya 623 ( c a t . , I , p.222); Rarjawi 6149 ( c a t . , IV, p.401)

GENERAL MAL AL-DIM IjASAN B. MUBAMMAD AL-NAJAFT AL-ASTARABADY

(late 9th c e n t u r y ) :
1. SEXUALLY SPECIFIC
Ma'iirij 01-su'Gl w a rnodiirij 01-ma'miil
AL-MUFTD: MSS: Majlis 3868, 288 T a h i t a b i ' i ( c a t . , X, p p . 1900-1); India Office
1810 ( c a t . , 11, pp.313-16); Rarjawi 1553 ( c a t . , 11, p.455); Nawwih
Abkiim a / - n ~ s i i ' 31 Qur'Zn commentaries ( c a t . , p . 532) ; Asafiyya 457 Q u r ' i n commen-
MSS: K i s h i n i 4 (cat., p . 47); Mar'ashi 24311, 7811 ( c a t . , I , p p . taries ( c a t . , I , p.381)
89, 267); Majlis 8110 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, pp.85-7); Ijakim 998 ( c a t . ,
p.36) U 'L-FATIj B. MAKHDm A L - S H A R ~ F A
~ L - A R D A B ~ L ~( d . 976):

ABU 'L-QASIM B. MUUAMMAD AL-GULPAYIGAN~ (d. after 1092): Tafsir-i shiihT, Persian
Edition: Tabriz , 1380
Sulaymiiniyya, Persian, on laws respecting women Selected MSS: Rarjawi 1251-3 (Binish, p.661); KhZlisi ccat., p.51);
MS: DiinishgZh 3334 ( c a t . , XI, p.2318) Zanjin ( c a t . , p.99); BuqGq 108b, 85j ( c a t . , pp.60-1); Agafiyya 251
Q u r ' i n commentaries ( c a t . , I , p . 4 0 5 ) ; DinishgZh 909, 1055 ( c a t . ,
'ALT B. UUSAYN AL-KARBALA'T (early 12th c e n t u r y ) :
' A q d 01-kisii' fT f i q h 01-nisii'
MS: Majlis 5695 ( c a t . , XVII, p p . 151-2)
Zubdat 01-bayiin
MU'IZZ AL-DIN B. ' A L ~AKBAR A L - ~ J U S A Y N
(13th
~ century): Editions: Tehran, 1368, 1386
Tubfat 01-nisii' , Persian Selected MSS: Dinishgih 1808 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 394); Radawi 1208, 1209
MS: Gulpiyigiini 1639 ( c a t . , 111, p . 28) ( c a t . , 11, p.402); Isfahiin, ' U m G m i 2677, 2695, 2883, 3062 ( c a t . , I ,
pp.174-5); 'Abd albqA5im 285 ( c a t . , p.467); Berlin Ldg. 71711 ( c a t . ,
'ALi AKBAR AL-QAZWINT
(13th c e n t u r y ) : IV, p.254); Princeton, New Series 3, 705.
Commentaries: ( 1 ) 01-Mut'a. b v Savvid MirzZ Khiilid, MS: Sipahsiiliir
RisZla f i 'I-khunth: wa abkiimih 450913 ( c a t . , V, p.498); (2) M&itT~-al-abkiirn, b y Muhammad & ' i d b .
MS: Mil17 178317 Arabic ( c a t . , X , pp.367-8) Qisim al-Ijusayni al-TabZtabii'i al-Quhpi'i ( d . 1092), MSS: Majlis
4828 ( c a t . , XII, p.198); Nurbakhsh 200 ( c a t . , I , p.196); Mar'ashi
AlJMAD B . 'INAYAT ALLAH A L - U U S A Y N ~ AL-ZANJANT ( d . 1393): 2140 ( c a t . , VI, p p . 150-1); (3) by Muhammad b . 'Abd al-Fattiih al-
TunukZbuni al-Sarib ( d . 11241, MSS: Waziri 1290 ( c a t . , 111, p.918);
Forq-i miyiin-i mord wa ran dar abkiim, Persian
Edition: Qum, n . d . Mahdawi 592110 ( c a t . , p . 125); ( 4 ) TobzTl ol-itmTnTin, by Muhammad
Ibrihim b . Muhammad MaC$i.mal-gusayni al-Qazwini, MSS: Majlis
5553 ( c a t . , XVI, p.415); Gharb 10198 ( c a t . , pp.70-1); (5) by
2. ON QUR'ANIC LAW Muhammad Rafi' al-Gilini, MS: Masjid-i A'zam 87016

AMTN AL-ISLAM AL-TABRIS~:

fT fiqh Majma' al-bay&, excerpts from al-Tabrisi's
Ma'din a / - ' i r f i n
commentary on t h e Q u r ' i n , Majmo' 01-bayiin, compiled by Ihrihim b .
Basan al-Warriiq (before 968)
MS: Los Angeles MI06112 ( c a t . , p.708)
biti ion: ' ~ e h r a n ,[1392?1
Selected MSS: Sipahsilir 2053 ( c a t . , I , p.86, 111, p . 26); Rarjawi
1436 ( c a t . , 11, p.403); Milli 1300 Arabic ( c a t . , IX, p.285)
116 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHi'f LAW MONOGRAPHS - GENERAL 117
MU'IZZ AL-DTN A L - M ~ S A W ~ :
Jawiihir 01-boqZ'iq
MS: Qazwin, VZjj Sayyid Jaw% (Nosh. , V I , p.342)

AL-FAQIL AL-JAWAD - Jawad b. Sa'd Allah al-Kiipimi ( d . after 1044):

tly edited Tehran, 1308 (in the margin of a/-Qowii'id), selectedMSS:
Mosiilik ol-ofhiim
Edition: Tehran, 1387 snishggh 1812 ( c a t . , VIII, p.400); Amir al-Mu'minin (Nosh., V,
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 2697 ( c a t . , VII, p . 269); J$akim 129 (Nosh., 415); Mareashi 2705 ( c a t . , VII, p.275); Masjid-i A'5am 3053;
V, p.426); Majlis 3331, 4491 ( c a t . , X, p.1126, XII, p.168); Berlin waxti, 2 MSS (cat., I , pp.252-60)
Pm. 50 ( c a t . , IV, p. 157); Dinishgah 64 ( c a t . , I , p.208); IIZhiyyit
98b ( c a t . , I , p.660); Malik 916 ( c a t . , I , p.669); Rawgiti ( c a t . , I , mad b . 'Ali b . IbrZhim al-A@%'*. ( d . after
pp. 200 f f )
ANONYMOUS (written in 1036-46):
/miitat 01-lithZtn 'at7 01-ZyZt 01-wZrida fi 'l-~iycTn7= Rof' a/-IithZm 0); Mar'ashi 3394 ( c a t . , IX, pp.180-1)
MS: SipahsZlir 2539 ( c a t . , I , pp.361-4)
Translation: Persian, by the author, MS: RadawT 2283 ( c a t . , 11,
p.23)
MALIK ' A L ~AL-TUNT (late 11th century):
ZyZt 01-obkZim, Persian
MS: Ragawi 2430 ( c a t . , 11, p.68)

AIJMAD B . ISMX'TL AL-NAJAFI

AL-JAZA'IR~ ( d . 1151):
QolZ'id 01-durar
Editions: Tehran, 1327; Najaf, 1383

MUIJAMMAD B . ' A L ~B. BAYDAR AL-MI~SAWT AL-'AMILi ( d . 1139): SHIP AL-GHITA' :

- Tniis sulriin a/-mu'rnin~n Al-Qowii'id a/-shor'iyyo, compiled by MiisZ b . Muhammad Rids A1 Kashif
MSS: Majlis 3902 ( c a t . , X, pp. 1926-7); RawdZti (see AB, 11, p. 518)
- Ayiit 01-abkCrn
MS: Mar'ashi 292816 ( c a t . , VIII, p. 122) N TAWQ AL-BAJJRAN~:
3. ON GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW Ris7ilo fl tobfld owwal a/-nahZr
MS: Mar'ashi 235816 ( c a t . , VI, p. 336)
AL-SHAHIDAL-AWWAL: VMAD AL-NARAQT:
Al-Qowii'id wa 'I-fowz'id 'A wz'id 01-oyycm
Editions: Tehran, 1308; Najaf, 1399 Editions: Tehran, 1266, 1321
Selected MSS: Martashi 2519, 1152, 1659 ( c a t . , 111, p.325, V, pp. Selected MSS: Fayoiyya 965, 749, 99611 ( c a t . , I , pp. 186-7, 111, p.47)
55-6, VII, pp.168-9); Faydiyya 700 (cat., I , p.208); IlZhiyyat 1211
( c a t . , I , p.134); Princeton 3962 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.138); NawwZb 53-4 MonZihij a/-obkiim
law ( c a t . , p.464); DanishgZh 1011 ( c a t . , V, p. 1980); Gawharshad Edition: Tehran, 1269
710 ( c a t . , p.371); Majlis 5833 ( c a t . , XVII, p.246); Gharb 620 (cat., Selected MSS: DanishgZh 7640, 766712 (cat., XVI, pp.662, 668);
p. 172); AdabiyyZt 214 Kirman ( c a t . , p. 101) Fayoiyya 160, 288 ( c a t . , I , pp. 271-2); AstZna 5906 (cat., p. 176);
Abridgements and rearrangements: (1) Jcimi' ol-fowz'id fT tolkhTs Gharb, 4 MSS ( c a t . , p. 197)
ol-Qawii'id, by al-MiqdZd, MS: Radawi 2313 ( c a t . , 11, pp.31-2);
(2) Nodd 01-qowii'id 01-fiqhiyyo, by the same author, MSS: Radawi L - M A R ~ G H-~ 'Abd al-FattSih b. 'Ali al-IJusayni, M i r Fattih (d.1266-74):
2663, 8046-7 (cat., 11, p.139); Mar'ashi 2508, 461 ( c a t . , 11, pp. 67-
VII, p. 95); DXnishgZh, microfilm 2170 ( c a t . , I , p. 394); uujjatiyya Editions: Tehran, 1274, 1297
50412 ( c a t . , p. 111); (3) TamhTd ol-qowZ'id, by al-Shahid al-Thani, MS: Mahdawi 831 (cat., p.162)
edited Tehran, 1271, selected MSS: Majlis 1339 ( c a t . , IV, p. 106);
Raqawi 2862, 7334 (Binish, p.668); Milli 138411 Arabic ( c a t . , IX, UJJAMMAD JA'FAR AL-ASTARABADT:
p. 389); Nawwiib 11 law ( c a t . , p.453); Berlin Pet. 548 ( c a t . , IV,
p.248) [ 'Ali b . Mubammad al-'Amili wrote a commentary on this work, Al-MaqZrd a/-Ja'fariyya
MSS: Danishgih 2192 ( c a t . , IX, p.876); Mar'ashi 3857-8, 3882-3 ( c a t . ,
118 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS - GENERAL

X , pp.245-6, 266-7) ition: Tehran, 1374

A L - A N ~ A R T: ' ~ N T:
- Risiilo fiq i i ' i d o t 15 ~ ' o r a r siilo fT q i i ' i d a t 15 Q'orur
Editions: Tabriz, 1303 (together with his K . o l - T o h i i r o ) , 1375 (toge ition: Najaf, 1357-8 (together with his Munyot 01-tiilib)
with his a/-Mokiisib)
Commentary: by 'Abd Alliih al-Mimaqini , edited Najaf, 1345 (in his N B. AGHA BUZURG A L - M ~ ~ S A AL-BUJNuRDi
W~ ( d . 1395):
a/-Qolii'id ol-thomTno) I-Qowii'id o l - f i q h i y y o
- Al-Taqiyyo dition: Najaf, 1389 -

Edition: Tabriz, 1303 (together with his K . 01-Tohiiro), 1375 (toget

with 01-Makzsib) UMAYN~:
Commentaries: ( 1 ) by 'Abd Alliih al-Mirnaqiini, edited Najaf, 1345 (
his 01-Qolz'id 01-thomTno); ( 2 ) by Fattib b . Muhammad 'Ali al-Shahi
ola fT q z ' i d o t IF Q'oror
dition: Qum, 1383-4 (in a collection of his treatises entitled o l k R o s ~ ' i 1 )
al-Tabrizi ( d . 13721, edited Tabriz, 1375 (together with his Hidiiyot
01-tiilib) isiila f i ' I - t a q i y y a
dition: Qum, 1383-4 (in the above-mentioned collection)
'ABD A L - 3 x 1 ~ 1
MUJJAMMAD
~ B . AJJMAD AL-NARAQT ( d . 1297):
Moshiiriq 01-abkiim
B
Edition: Tehran, 1294
MS: Faygiyya 1107 ( c a t . , 1, p.245) ON ACTS OF DEVOTION
ANONYMOUS (written before 1312): GENERALITIES
A/-Qowii'id 01-Biiqiriyyo
MS: Diinishgih 3845 ( c a t . , XII, p . 2826) KHR A L - M U J J A Q Q I Q ~ N :

MUIJAMMAD JJASAN AL-SHTRAZ~,

al-Mujaddid:
Al-Fokhriyyo fT m o ' r i f o t 01-niyyo
Edition: Tehran, 1315 (in the collection of Kolimiit 01-MuboqqiqTn)
Al-Qawii'id 01-uusoyniyyo, his lectures compiled by Basan b . Ismi'il Selected MSS: Majlis 495317 ( c a t . , XIV, p . 2 2 8 ) ; Princeton 1886 New
al-Qummi al-IJi'irT Series; ~ a r ' a s h i61112, 2704, 224712 ( c a t . , 11, p.207, VI, p p . 8 8 , 2 3 2 ) ;
MS: Buriijirdi (AB, XVII, p.182) Igfahin, Adabiyyit ( N o s h . , V, p . 3 0 3 ) ; Ragawi 2432 ( c a t . , 11, p . 68)

AL-ASHTIYAN~: SHAHfD AL-AWWAL:

Risiilo f7 q i i ' i d o t nofy a / - ' u s r wo ' I - b a r a j I-ToklTfiyyo
Edition: Tehran, 1314 SS: Ragawi 8289 (Binish, p . 6 6 6 ) ; Mar'ashi 117612 ( c a t . , 111, p.347)

HAD^ AL-TIHRANT :
Risiilo f i ' I - f o r q b o y n 01-baqq wa ' I - b u k m Al-Tubfa a/-joliyyo fT m o ' r i f a t a / - n i y y o
MSS: Majlis 195013, 275315 ( c a t . , IX, pp.139-40, 662) MSS: Los Angeles MI31311 ( c a t . , p . 7 2 4 ) ; Malik 2308 ( c a t . , I , p . 6 1 9 ) ;
Dinishgih 87916, 231212, 88217, 5396111 ( c a t . , V, pp.1992-3, IX,
ZL BAJJR AL-'UL~M: p.945, X V , p . 4 2 3 8 ) ; Gulpiiyigini 21 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 9 ) ; Mar'ashi 68016,
361211, 373317 ( c a t . , 11, p.274, X, p p . 1 1 , 1 3 0 ) ; Ragawi 2553, 6207,
Risiilo f i ' I - f a r q b o y n a/-boqq wo ' I - b u k m , included in his B u l g h o t
8221 ( c a t . , 11, p.107, V , p . 4 8 5 ) ; MiftiQ 24012 ( c a t . , p . 2 3 0 ) ; Waziri
01-foqTh (see above, chapter 5 )
2310 ( c a t . , IV, p . 1253); Ilihiyyit 30611j ( c a t . , I , p . 2 0 5 ) ; Khilivi
( c a t . , p . l O O ) ; Vatican 72011 Arabic ( c a t . , I , p . 6 8 )
MUJJAMMADIJUSAYN B. MUUAMMAD AL-KHWANSASR~
( d . 1328):
Tobommul 01-'ibiido ' o n a / - g h o y r wo k a y f i y y o t 01-istiniiba = Ris& ilii
Nafy a/-boroj f7 abkiim a/-shor'i'o
MS: ~ a r ' a s h i3041122 ( c a t . , VIII, p.250) ohl a / - J a z i i ' i r
MS: Malik (AB, XI, p . 1 4 0 )
MUUAMMAD T A Q ~B. JJASAN AL-MUDARRIS AL-ISFAHANT ( d . 1333):
BN A B ~.JUMHOR:
Rislilo f i "I-forq b o y n 01-boqq wo ' I - b u k m
Risiilo f i ' I - n i y y o
Edition: Tehran, 1363 (in a collecti~nof his treatises entitled
MS: Mar'ashi 2754112 ( c a t . , VII, p.312)
01-Rosii'il a / - T o q o w i y y o )
120 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION

MS: Raaawi 2451 ( c a t . , 11, p.74)

I-Forq b a y n ol-forTp'a wo ' I - n i i f i l o
A L - S H A H ~ D AL-THANT :
S: Mar'ashi 2907 ( c a t . , VIII, p.103)
Risiila f i ' I - n i y y o
MS: Faydiyya 174312 ( c a t . , 11, p.127) D ALLAH AL-MAMAQANT :
VUSAYN B. 'ABD AL-QAMAD:
A l k ' i q d 01-flusoynT
Edition: Yazd, n . d . Muhammad Jawid b . Ijasan al-Najafi ( d . 1352):
Selected MSS: Qiidiriyya 500 ( c a t . , 11, p . 319); Sipahsalir 2013 (cat
d fi 'I-'ilm a/-ijmiir
1, p ,485); Leningrad 52 ( N o s h . , VIII, p . 103); Milli, Arabic 125911,
126211 ( c a t . , IX, pp.245, 250); Dinishgih 538712 ( c a t . , XV, p.4232 tion: Najaf, 1343 (together with his t i i i s h i y o t a/-Mokiisisib)
Majlis 1306 ( c a t . , IV, p.78); Waziri 320111 ( c a t . , I , 305)
B. 'ABD AL-VUSAYN AL- RAWA ANT ( d . 1353):
'ABD AL-'HLT AL-KARAKT:
Risiila f i ' I - b u l i i g h wo h a d d i h
MS: Sipahsilar 259512 ( c a t . , I , p.433)
A L - D ~ N AL-'ARAQY :
AL-MUJTAHID - JJusayn b . Basan al-JJusayni al-Karaki ( d . 1001):
Risiilo f i ' I - n i y y a
MS: Majlis 398812 ( c a t . , X, p.2160)

RAPT AL-DIN
B . MUBAMMAD NAB7 AL-QAZWINT
( d . a f t e r 1134): Im o l - i j m i i f i , his lectures compiled by
Risiila f i ' I - n i y y o
MS: Zanjin ( c a t . , p.130) Edition: Najaf, 1367

AL-BIHBAI-IAN? : COMPREHENSIVE WORKS

- Risiilo f7b u l l i i n "ibiidot 01-/Chi1
Edition: Tabriz, u . d . (see AB, XI, p.130)
Selected MSS: SipahsZlXr 907114 ( c a t . , V, p . 3 6 ) ; g u q u q 235/3j, 247
( c a t . , p.349); Milli 186814 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p.457); Mar'ashi 45811
147012 ( c a t . , 11, p.65, IV, p.263); GulpZyigZni 1870115 ( c a t . , 111,
p.92); Fayaiyya 1189110, 153815, 155416, 1565114 ( c a t . , 111, pp.66,
99, 100, 101); Radawi 8154 (Binish, p.806); Majlis 58 T a b i t a b i ' i ;
Mashhad, Ilihiyyit 1578 ( c a t . , 11, p.715); Berlin Pm. 51115 ( c a t . ,
111, p.313)
- Al-1iZ;do 01-ijmiiliyyo f i ' I k ' i b i i d i i t 01-mokruho
MS: Majlis 409712 ( c a t . , XI, p.94)
Edition: Najaf, 1387
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 194512 ( c a t . , V, p.310); Faydiyya 196813
( c a t . , 111, p . 157); Majlis 5187114 ( c a t . , XVI, pp. 11-12); Dinishgih
920, 5242 ( c a t . , V, p . 1843, XV, p.4174); K Z r al-Kutub 19908, 20037
( c a t . , I , p.221)
Commentary on t h e legal section: by Ibn al-Barrij, edited Mashhad,
1394; selected MSS: DinishgZh 92013, 100511 ( c a t . , V, p.1936);
Majlis 6711 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, p.154); Radawi 7859 (Binish, p.862);
Mar'ashi 44113 ( c a t . , 11, p.43); Tustariyya (AB, XIII, p.178)

ANONYMOUS:
- ~ i s a fai ' I - r i y i i ' f i ' I k ' i b i i d o A l - l q t i ~ i i d , on dogmatics and acts of devotion
MS: DiuishgZh 111812 ( c a t . , V, pp.1899-900) Edition: Qum, 1400
- RisZilo f i 'I-shokk f i ' I - s h o r t i y y o wo ' I - j u z ' i y y a Selected MSS: Dinishgih 920110 ( c a t . , V, p . 1783) and microfilm 2969
MS: DinishgZh 1118.2 (ibid) ( c a t . , I , p . 285); Mil17 192215 Araibic ( c a t . , X, p.593); Amir al-
Mu'minin ( g u j j a t i , p.622); Uakim 472 (ibid. 1; D i r al-Kutub 20304
IBN TAWQ AL-BA~RANY: ( c a t . , I , p . 9 6 ) ; Mar'ashi 3994111 ( c a t . , X , p . 9 5 ) ; LOS Angeles
MI33914 ( c a t . , p.725)
Risiila fl qasd 01-thowiib wa ' I ' i q i i b fi' ' I - ' i b i i d o
MS: Mar'ashi 235814 ( c a t . , VI, pp.334-5) UUAMMAD B . ~ A R I T HAL-I$USAYNI AL-ASTARABHDT ( d . a f t e r 885):
'ABD AL-RASUL AL-FTRUZKUHT ( d . around 1322): Al-RisZilo 0 1 - v i i ' i r i y y o f i ' I - ' i b i i d i i t 01-shor'iyyo
MS: Farhid Mu'tamid 45 ( c a t . , p . 180)
Risiila fT i s h t i r i i t 01-qurbo f i ' I ' i b i i d o t
Edition: Tehran, 1321
122 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW MONOGRAPEIS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION

A L - S H A H ~ D AL-THANT : NYMOUS (belonging to 8th-9th c e n t u r y ? ) :

- A/-lqtizzd wo' '1-irshiid, on dogmatics and acts of devotion isiila fi 'I-tahiira wo 'I-golCt
MSS: Iliihiyyiit 538d, 56112d ( c a t . , I , pp.328, 460-1); Gulpiyigini S : Majlis 8111 Khu'i ( c a t . , V I I , p . 184)
102013 ( c a t . , 11, p.221)
- Al-Istonbullyyo fi' 'I-wZjibcit a/-'ayniyya D A L - ' A L ~ B. MATjMuD AL-KHADIM A L - J ~ ~ P A L A(late
Q ~ 10th c e n t u r y ) :
MSS: Raoawi 7244, 6197, 7437 (cat., V, p.428; Binish, p.780); lqh-i shChT, Persian
JJakim 1757m ( c a t . , 1 , p.52) S: Gawharshid 97812 ( c a t . , p p . 157-8)
- Al-Riimiyya AZ~A D L - T H ~ N -~ AbG Mubammad 'A17 b . ' I n i y a t Allah al-Bastiimi
MS: Dinishgih 130114 ( c a t . , VII, p.2719) d . after 1011):
BUSAYN B . 'ABD AL-$AMAD : a 'Zrij 01- tabqiq
S: Majlis 1321 ( c a t . , IV, pp.93-4)
A/-Wcijibiit a/-molikiyya
MS: Gulpiyigini 813 ( c a t . , 1, p . 1 8 ) JID B . HXSHIMA L - B A ~ R A N T ( d . 1028):
BAHT\' A L - ~Nf AL-'AMIL~ :
- Al-IthnZ'ashariyyCt, five treatises on acts of devotion MS: Marcashi 224911 ( c a t . , VI, p p . 233-4)
Edition: t h e treatise on prayer is edited Tehran, 1309 (together wit
al- 'Alliima's Tabzirot a/-rnuta 'alliniin)
Selected MSS: Sini 22511 ( c a t . , 1, p.105); Ejakim 9 Rashti ( c a t . , Riscila fi 'I-tab%-a wo 'I-$a12
p . 2 7 ) ; Diinishgiih 91814, 708716 ( c a t . , V, p p . 1758-9, XVI, p . 4 4 9 ) ; MSS: Majlis 455311 ( c a t . , XII, p.234); Raoawi 2445 ( c a t . , 11, p.73)
Adabiyyit 120 uikrnat ( c a t . , p . 4 1 ) ; Mar'ashi 75, 10413 ( c a t . , I ,
87, 125); Raaawi 2683 ( c a t . , V, p.352); Mirzi J a ' f a r 148 ( c a t . , KHR AL-DIN
B . MUUAMMAD 'AL? A1,rTURAYuT AL-NAJAFT ( d . 1087):
40); Niirbakhsh 590 ( c a t . , 11, pp.235-6); Nawwib 6 law ( c a t . ,
p.449); Ustidi ( c a t . , p . 5 7 ) ; Farhang ( c a t . , pp.40-1); Sipahsilir
MS: Mar'ashi 118 (cat., I , p.142)
267012 ( c a t . , 111, pp.44-5); Princeton 53811 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.149);
Bodleian Arab.e. 175; Tiflis 69917 (Nosh., VIII, p.260); Baku MI40 I'MAT ALLAH AL-JAZA'IRT:
( i b i d . , IX, p.239)
Translation: Persian, by $adr al-Din Mubarnmad b . Mubibb 'Ali al- Hadiyyot 01-mu'minin = Hadiyyal 01-ikhwk
Tabrizi ( d . after 10131, MSS: Mar'ashi CAB, IV, p . 7 4 ) ; Leningrad MSS: Malik 2536 ( c a t . , I , p.807); Milli 191911 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p .
A643 ( c a t . Persian, 1, p . 241); Diinishgih 588413-4, 724212 ( c a t . , 577); Dinishgih 102012 ( c a t . , V, pp.2103-6); Ustidi ( c a t . , p . 43)
XVI, p p . 130, 497)
Commentaries: ( 1 ) by the author, on the treatise on p r a y e r , MS: JjMAD AL-JAZA'IR? ( d . 1151):
Raaawi 2728 ( c a t . , V, pp.404-5); ( 2 ) anonymous (written in 1012), Tobzirat 01-mubtodi'in
MS: Dinishgih 708718 ( c a t . , XVI, p ,449) ; (3) anonymous (written MS: Miftiib 24413 ( c a t . , p . 230;
before 1030), MS: Mar'ashi 2398 ( c a t . , VI, pp.378-9); see also AB, 111, p . 321, X V , p . 183)
( 4 ) a/-FawC'id a/-'aliyya, by Hiriin b . Khamis a l - J a z i ' i r i ( d . after NONYMOUS (written before 1186):
1036), MS: Radawi 2509 ( c a t . , 11, p . 9 3 , V, p.353); ( 5 ) anonymous
(written before 1042), MS: Iliihiyyiit 184/6 ( c a t . , I , p.724); Ris& fi 'I-tahCro wa '1-$a/?ir
( 6 ) ?I-Anw?ir 01-bahiyyo, by Niir al-Din 'Ali b . ljusayn al-MGsawi MS: Gulpiyigini 30711 ( c a t . , I , p.267)
albSAmili ( d . 10681, MSS: Mar'ashi 81 ( c a t . , I , p.99); Majlis 4670
( c a t . , XIII, p p . 52-3); ( 7 ) 01-Fltra 01-malakutiyya, by 'Abd al-uasib MUSL B . JA'FAR AL-NAJAFT LL KLSHIFAL-GHITA' i d . 1243):
b . A l p a d alk'xmili ( d . after 1058), MS: Radawi 2792 ( c a t . , V,
Munyat 01-rcghib, a commentary on Kishif al-Ghiti's Bughyat a/-J?ilib
p.471); ( 8 ) by al-Khwijii'i., MS: Gawharshid 1702 ( c a t . , p.256); (see above, chapter 5)
(9) by 'Abd al-tlusayn b . Qisim al-1;Iilli ( d . 13751, MS: Amir al- MSS: Radawi 8024 (Binjsh, p . 1049); Mar'ashi 3897 ( c a t . , X , p . 278);
Mu'minin CAB, XIII, p . 6 2 ) ; (10) anonymous, MS: Radawi 2728
Sipahsiilir 2666-7 ( c a t . , I , p . 549); Majlis 610 Tabiitabi'i; Fayaiyya
(Binish, p.700)
1635 ( c a t . , I , p.282); Gulpzyigini 7 7 ( c a t . , I , p . 8 3 ) ; Khilisi ( c a t . ,
3. ON RITUAL PURITY A N D PRAYER p . 126); Matbaf 2963 ( c a t . , p.259); Amir al-Mu'minin (AB, XIII,
p . 127); S h i r i z i (AB, XXIII, p p . 202-3)
AL-SHAYKH : MUUAMMAD BASAN B. MTRZA ~ Q A AL-QUMM?
s ~ ( d . 1304):
'Amal a/-yawm wo 'I-loyla Mi$bZb a/-foqciha
Edition: Qum, 1401 (in AndFshahzy-i now d a r 'uliim-i lslcimi, IV, Edition: Najaf, 1372-7
p p . 17-30)
124 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION

A L - K H U ' ~: ( i u ) anonymous, MS: Majlis 100 TabZtabZ'i

Al-TonqTb, his lectures compiled by 'A17 al-Gharawi al-Tabrizi

Edition: Najfa, 1378 -

4. ON FISCAL OBLIGATIONS MS: Nlasjid-i A'varn 367

M ~ R A KMOSA B . MUJjAMMAD AKBAR AL-JjUSAYNi AL-TUNi (late UVAMMAD TAHA B. M A H D ~NAJAF ~ 1 , - T A B R ~

ALZ-~N A J A F ~ ( d . 1323):
11th c e n t u r y ) : RisZila f i ' I - t a h Z r o
RisZlo d o r zakZt wo khums Edition: n . p . , 1334
MS: Radawi 6740 ( c a t . , V, p.432)

Duriis f7f i q h01-ShT'a, his lectures compiled by Mahdi al-KhalkhZli

ZokZtiyyo = RisZila d a r z o k 2 wo khums Edition: Najaf - Tehran, 1378 -
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 18713 (Cat., I , u.206); GulpZyigZni
. . 122314
( c a t . , 11, p.236)

Edition: Qum - Najaf, 1382-90

RisZlo f i ' I - ' i b Z d Z t 01-miiliyyo wo mZ yolboquhZ min ol-wuqiif wo
'I-'itq ... , ON WATERS
MS: Jjujjatiyya 70014 ( c a t . , p . 121)
L - S H A H ~ D AL-THLNT:
MUJJAMMAD B. 'ABD A L - W A H H ~ BA L - K ; ~ ~ I M
( d~. after 1303): RisZlo fi infieZil mZ' 0 1 - b i ' r , included in his Mojmii'ot 01-iEd:t (see
Al-MishkZt f7 mosZ'il ol-khurns wo 'I-zokiit above, chapter 5)
MS: Mar'ashi 2349 ( c a t . , VI, p.325)
3~ A L L ~ HA L - T U S T A R ~ :
A / - B o b r 01-ghozTr fT taqdTr a/-mo' 01-kothTr
RITUAL PURITY MS: Yakim 15214 ( N o s h . , V, p.427)

1. GENERAL I-IA' AL-DTN AL-'XMILT:

AL-DAMAD :
Edition: Tehran, 1321 (together with his 01-Hob1 01-motTn)
A/-To'lTqZt f i 'I-rahZro Selected MSS: Majlis 1805, 4900154 ( c a t . , IX, pp.359-60, XIV, p . 7 7 ) ;
MS: Niirbakhsh 400 ( c a t . , 11, p p . 110-11) DinishgZh 431617 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3279); Farhang 38a ( c a t . , pp.40-1);
Milli 140416 ( c a t . , IX, p.417); S i n i 41719 ( c a t . , I , p.250); Baku
AL-DIIIDANANI: MI49115 ( N o s l r . , I X , p.239).
- Risiilo f7 onno '/-a21 f~ '/-ashy:' 01-tahcro
MS: GulpZyigini 1862113 ( c a t . , 111, p.87) MAS'UD B. FAQL ALLAH AL-J$USAYNTAL-BIHBAHANT ( d . a f t e r 1031):
- Risiilo fT k a y f i y y o t w u j i i b ol-iohZro A l - T o b Z ' u d b o y n 01-bi'r wo 'I-bEilii-o
MS: SipahsSilZr 2487 ( c a t . , I , pp.421, 436) MS: GulpZyigZni 48110 ( c a t . , I , pp.61-2)

MUUAMMAD TAQ? B. MUJjAMMAD RAJ~TM

AL-I$FAHAN~
( d . 1248): MURAD B . 'ALT KHXN AL-TAFRISIIT:
K . olTohZro
MS: UstZdi ( c a t . , p.27) MS: Dinishgah 1803 ( c a t . , VIII, p.380)

AL-AN$ART AL-MAII~IZT - SulaymEn b . 'Abd Allah al-BabrZni ( d . 1121):

- K . 01-TohZro
Edition: Tabriz , 1303
- A/-ToqrTrZt f i ' I - t o h Z r o , collections of his lectures compiled by his
pupils: ( i ) by Mubarnmad Shafi'b. Muhammad Sa'id al-Fiimani al-
GilZni, MS: Rasht 70-1t ( c a t . , p.1103); (ii) b y Ya'qiib b . Muqim
al-Barfurfiehi, MS: Mar'ashi 2106 ( c a t . , VI , pp. 120-1) ;
(iii) anonymous, MS: Mar'ashi 1796 ( c a t . , V, p.182);
TabqTq mos'olat a / - t o b c ' u d b o y n 01-bi'r wo ' I - b Z l i i ' o
MS: Najaf, JazZ'iri ( N o s h . , VII, p.716)
S H A R I ~AL-WAFIYA:
Risiilo f i "odom infieZil 01-mZ' 0 l - ~ o l i 7
MSS: GulpZyigZnT 1862111 ( c a t . , 111, p.82); Gharb 265 ( c a t . , p.179)
126 A N I N T R O D U C T I O N TO s ~ i ' LAW
i MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION

AL-KHW& '7: S: ~ a r ' a s h i 138311 ( c a t . , IV, p.156)

Risiila f7 t a b d i d 01-kurr
MS: DZnishgZh 710311 ( c a t . , XVI,p.455) RALLAH B . AMAN ALLAH AL-IjUSAYNT:
Risiila f7 k a y f i y y a t wup'u' a / - j a b i r a
$AUIB AL-IJADA'IQ: MS: Waziri 99013 ( c a t . , 11, p.809)
Q i i t i ' a t 01-qi;i wa 'I-qTI f7 infic51 a/-mii' a / - q a F I
MS: Majlis 633 T a b i t a b i ' i
Al-Qawl a/-fa$/ Fi "I-mash wa 'I-ghasl
ANONYMOUS (belonging to late 12th c e n t u r y ) : MSS: DinishgZh 185913 ( c a t . , VIII, p ,459); Mar'ashi 338212 ( c a t . ,
Risiila F bukm ma d i i n a l - k u r r
MS: Gulpiyigzni 186214 ( c a t . , 111, p.86)

AL-KIRMANSHAH~ : Risiila fT hukrn 01-ghusl qabl a / - i s t i b r a '

Qot' 01-ma@/ tin u $ r a t a/-qawl b i '1kinf;'rTl MS: Mar'gshi 198611 ( c a t . , V , p.357)
MSS: Majlis 547412 ( c a t . , XVI, pp.374-5); Ilihiyyit 98 Al Aqi,8281 Risiila f7 hukrn 01-badath al-o$ghar 01-mutakhallil a t h n i i ' a / - g h u s l
( c a t . , I , p.714, 11, p.22); Gharh 4813 ( c a t . , p . 1 6 9 ) ; Gulpiyigini MS: Mar'ashi 114215 ( c a t . , 111, p.317)
1862112 ( c a t . , 111, p.87)
Mas'ala f7 wazTfot r a j u l iht6j ila ; ~ - ~ h u f7
s l o r @b i i r i d a
~ A I ~ IABL - M A Q ~ B I S : MS: Mashhad, AdabiyyZt 25122 Fayyig ( c a t . , p.214)
Al-Lu'lu' a/-masjiir ti morn; lafz 01-lahiir UBBAR B. MUBAMMAD A L - M ~ S A C V
AL-NAJAF~
~ ( d . after 1179):
MSS: Majlis 1314 ( c a t . , IV, pp.88-9); Faydiyya 1711 ( c a t . , 111, p.1)
Yakim 17712 ( N a s h . , V, p.428); Princeton 73712 New Series RisFIa f7 wujiib ghusl a/-jum'o
MS: DZnishgih 720011 ( c a t . , XVI, p.485)
MUBAMMAD IjUSAYN A L - K H W A N S A R ~ :
srm AL-GIIITA' :
ShFf7 a / - ' a F I fT abkiim aaimii' 01-qaFI
Kashf 01-iltibiis b a y n 01-hayd wa ' I - i s t i b i i d a wa 'I-nifiis
MS: Mar'ashi 3041119 ( c a t . , VIII, p.249)
MSS: Los Angeles M9311 ( c a t . , p.661); Ijujjatiyya 70013 ( c a t . , p . 121)
3. ON ABLUTION
B N TAWQAL-BAI~RANT:
M U ' i N A L - D ~ NA L - M I $ R ~ : Risiila fi w u j i i b a/-layammum ' a l i i man mana'ah 01-zibzm ' a n a l - k h u r i i j
Risiila ,T k a y f i y y a t w u j i i b g h u s l a / - j i n i i b a
MS: Marcashi 235818 ( c a t . , VI, p.336)
MS: Ijakim 198
ALT AKBAR AL-QAZWTNT:
A L - S H A H ~ D AL- THAN^ : Risiiia f i 'I-wuQ'G'
Risiila f7 bukm mC i d h i i abdath 01-rnujnib f7 a i h n i i ' g h u s l a/-jiniiba NIS: MiIIi l'i83I'H Arabic ( c a t . , X , p . 368)
included in his MajmG'at a / - i f i d i i t (see above, chapter 5)
ABD ALLAH AL-KIRMANSHAHT :
A L - K A R A K ~: Mas ' a l a fi taja7d 01-ghusl
Risiilo j
T wujGb a/-tahiira li-mass K i t i i b AAZh
MS: Ilihiyyit 81916d ( c a t . , 11, p.21)
MS: Khayrit KhZn 5312 ( c a t . , p.1736)
UBSIN B. MUIjAMMAD RAFT' AL-RASHTT AL-I$FAHANT( d . after 1268):
'ABD ALLAH AL-TUSTART : Nojiit 01-niswiin
- Riscla IT k i f i y a t 01-isba' 01-wFbido f i 'I-mash MS: Mar'ashi 265915 ( c a t . , VII, p.240)
- Risiila f7f a o q i q ma 'nci of-ka 'bayn UUAMMAD 'ABBAS AL-MU SAW^ AL-LAKNAWT:
- Risiila iT g h u s l 01-jurn'a sofhat almiis fT k a y f i y y a t a/-irtimiis
- Risiila f i ' I - i s t i b r i i '
MS: Mar'ashi 1803 ( c a t . , V, p.188)

All included in his 01-Rasii'il (see above, chapter 5) L-KHURASHNT :

Risiila f i ' I - d i m 7 a / - t h a l i i t h a
ANONYMOUS :
Edition: Baghdad, 1331 (in his S h a d h u r 6 t )
Risiila f7 anno ' I - g h u s l rnin 01-jiniib~i wiijib nafsT
 MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OFDEVOTION
128 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHY'T LAW
MAHDi B . IjUSAYN AL-KHALI$i AL-KAZIMT ( d . 1343): MS: GulpZyigini 139112 ( c a t . , 11, p.254)
Riscla fi todckhul 01-aghsiil, a s a commentary on the relevant JJAMMAD I ~ U S A Y NAL-KHWAT~~NABADT:
in al-Mubaqqiq's Sharc'i' 01-lsl5m
RisZilo dor jowZiz-I noql-i ojsiid bi-mashchid, Persian
Edition: Mashhad, 1342
MSS: Dinishgih 552411, 581812 ( c a t . , XVI, pp.28, 98)
'ABD ALLAH AL-MAMAQAN'~: Kit7ibot b a r kafon wo naql-i ojszd pas or dofn, Persian
MS: U s t i d i ( c a t . , p.55)
Koshf 01-royb wo 'I-sij' fi ighnc' kull ghusl 'on 01-wuy'ij'
Edition: Najaf, 1344 (in his ol-lthnt'oshoriyyo)
, ON IMPURITIES
4. ON THE DECEASED
ONYMOUS (written before 907):
IBN FAHD: Uukm mul5qTqT ol-nojis
Mos'olo fi p l 5 t oolmoyyit MS: Mar'ashi 256417 ( c a t . , VII, p . 153)
MS: Majlis 2750.3 ( c a t . , IX, p . 125)

SHAMS AL-DIN
AL-ASTAR~B~D ~
(mid-10th century): RisZila IT me tonojjos bo'duh wa ishtoboh mowy'i' a/-nijiiso
MSS: DZnishgih 2144140 ( c a t . , 'X, p . 828) : ShirZz, DZnishgih
Risiilo fi koyfiyyot wop" a/-moyyit bo'd 01-ghusl
MS: Mar'ashi 278512 ( c a t . , VII, p.348)
UJJAMMAD YUSUF B. BASAN AL-IjUSAYNi AL-ASTARABAD~
(mid
AL-MUJTAHID :
Riscla fi istiqbcl a/-qiblo Abktm-I nijzstt , Persian
MS: Majlis 398819 ( c a t . , X , p.2166) MS: Mar'ashi 225212 ( c a t . , VI, pp.237-8)

AL-SHAHTD AL-THANI :
Abkcim 01-amwet Riscilo fT bukm me idhc tuyuqqin 01-fahero wo 'I-nijZiso wo shukk
MS: Milli 126212 ( c a t . , IX, p.251) 'I-szbiq minhum5, included in his Mojmz'ot a/-itZdFt (see above,

AL-SHYRWANY :
Riscla dor obkiim-i omwct , Persian
AYN A L - ' A B I D ~ N AL-TABRTZT (10th c e n t u r y ) :
MS: Dinishgih 7008113 ( c a t . , XVI, p.426) Risclo fT bukm 01-'oroq min ol-mutonojjis
MS: Masjid-i A'zam 308511
HASHIM B . M U R T A ~ AA L - I ~ U S A Y(Nd ~. after 1128):
AbkEn a/-amwet, Persian
AMINAL-ASTARABADT:
MS: Raaawi 2742 ( c a t . , V, pp. 356-7) RisSilo fi fohiirot 01-khomr
MS: DZnishgih 1257112 ( c a t . , VII, p.2667)
AL-MUKHTART :
Qubclo qabaliyyo fi boyon istiqbzl a/-moyyit wo lowlThih ila 'I AIjMAD B. Z A Y N A L - ' A B I D ~ N AL-'AMIL~ ( d . after 1044):
MS: Dinishgih 185916 ( c a t . , VIII, p.460) RisZlo fT nijiisot 01-khamr, in refutation of the previous treatise
MSS: DinishgZh 3749 ( c a t . , XII, p.2743); Adahiyyiit 25112 Kirmin
AL-KHWAJU'T : ( c a t . , p.40); SipahsilZr 2916123, 450612 ( c a t . , I , p.283)
- Risiilo fi jowoz 01-tokfin fi 'I-$Gf wa 'I-wabar wa 'I-sho'r
$AFT AL-DiN B. FAKHR A L - D ~ NAL-TURAYIji AL-NAJAFi ( d . after
MS: Mashhad, AdabiyyZt 25124 Fayyia ( c a t . , p.214)
1100):
- Risclo IT bukm al-isrzj 'ind 01-moyyil
MS: Mashhad, Adabiyyat 2519 Fayyid ( c a t . , p . 212) Al-Yonbi7' 01-munbojis fi 'I-rodd 'ulcmon qiil inno 'I-munojjis 1; yunojjis
MS: Masjid-i A'cam 96612: Buriijirdi (AB, XI, p.201)
JJUSAYN A L - Q A Z W ~ N ~ :
AL-MAI~UZI
:
Risiilo fT bukm 01-nobsh
MSS: Raaawi 259515 ( c a t . , 11, p.118); ZanjZni 76115 ( c a t . , pp.220-I) Fog1 a/-khifcb f7 nijtsot Ah1 ol-Kit7ib wo 'I-Nu&b
MS: Najaf, J a z i ' i r i (Nosh., VII, p.717)

AIjMAD A L - B A I ~ R ~ N ~ :
- Risi;lo fi tobq7q ghus5lot ol-nijiiso
130 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPIIS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION 131

MS: Princeton 229113 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.139) AYKH AL-SHART'A - Fatb Allih b . Muhammad J a w i d al-Namizi
al-Igfahini ( d . 1339):
R i s i i l o fT bukm rnuliiqT ol-mutonojjis
MS: Princeton 229120 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.139) lfiiClot a/-QadTr f i abkiim 01-'ogTr
MS: Mar'asili 1319 ( c a t . , IV, p.105)
KHALAF B . 'ABD 'ALT A L - B A J J R A N(~d a . a f t e r 1182):
Risiila f i nijiisot 'oroq 01-junub min ol-bariim
MS: IJakim 2205m Risiilo fT tan178 01-mutonoijis
Edition: Najaf, 1343 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s uiishiyat 01-Mokzsib)
AL-KHWANSART
UUSAYN B. ABI ' L - Q ~ S I M A L - M ~ S A W ~ ( d . 1191):
Risiilo tT tanojjus rnuliiqT a/-mutonoijis
Edition: Igfahdn, 1377 ( t o g e t h e r with Muhammad B i q i r a l - K h w i n s i r i t s Risiilo f i 'odom ton175 a/-mutonojjis
a/-Nohriyya) Edition; n . p . ( I r a n ) , 1337 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s Wiqiiyot 01-odhhiin)
MSS: Mar'ashi 151916 ( c a t . , IV, p . 3 2 0 )
sij 'ABD ALLAH B . NA$R ALLAH AL-ZANJANT ( d . 1360):
HUSAYN A L - Q A Z W ~ N ~ : Risiilo f7 iohiirot Ah1 01-Kit&
- Risiilo f i bukrn 01-howiirnrn wa 'I-sow?mm wo 'I-boshoriit Edition: B a g h d a d , 1345
MSS: Radawi 259512 ( c a t . , 11, p . 1 1 8 ) ; Zanjini 7612 ( c a t . , pp.220-1)
6. ON VESSELS
- Risiila f7 ton175 01-mutonajjis
MSS: Radawi 259513 ( c a t . , 11, p . 1 1 8 ) ; Zanjini 7613 ( c a t . , pp.220-1) AL-MUJTAHID:

A L - B I H B A H A N ~: Risiila fi 'I-awiinT
MS: Diinishgdh 2144145 ( c a t . , IX, p.832)
Mos'alo f7 bukrn ' o ~ T r a ya/-tomr wa 'I-zobTb
MSS: Radawi 7220 ( c a t . , V , p.442); Gulpiiyigiini 1820121 ( c a t . , 111, ANONYMOUS:
p . 92)
Risiilo ;lo bukrn isti'rniil owiinT ol-dhahob wo 'I-fiq'da fi 'I-fohiiro
AL-SHAFTT : MS: Majlis 180415 ( c a t . , IX, p.321)
Risiilo f i toi1iTr alk'a17n bi-tokhbrzih wo 'odornih A L - A S H T I Y A N ~:
MS: Buriijirdi (AB, XI, p.149)
Risiilo fT bukrn owZnT 01-dhahab wo 'I-fiQ'Q'o
ASAD ALLAH B . M U U A M M A D B ~ Q I AL-SHAFT?
R ( d . 1290): Edition: T e h r a n , 1313 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s lziibat 01-shukiik)
Risiilo fi 'I-'asTr alkCinabTwo 'I-zobTbT wa 'I-tarnrT 'ABD A L - R A S ~ L A L - F ~ R ~ Z K O H T :
MS: Rawa5ti (Mu'allim, 111, p p . 837-8)
Risiilo fi 'I-owiinT
AUMAD B . MUUAMMAD BAQIR AL-MnSAWi A L - B I H B A H ~ ~ N ?( d . a f t e r Edition: T e h r a n , 1321
1294) :
ABU 'L-MAKARIM A L - Z A N J ~ N ~ :
TanbTh 01-c~niim f i Jahiirot 'oroq a/-junub min 01-boriim
MS: D i n i s h g i h 934 ( c a t . , V, p . 1834) Risiila f7 burrnot owiinT 01-dhohob wo 'I-fiQ'p'o
MS: Zanjini 113 ( c a t . , p.240)
MUUAMMAD TAQf AL-HA RAW^:
7. COMPLEMENTARY DISCUSSIONS
Risiila f i 'oraq ol-junub rnin a/-boriim
MS: DZnishgiih 371313 ( c a t . , XII, p.2713) MULLA MU'MIN - Muhammad b . JJasan al-Tabrizi ( e a r l y 14th c e n t u r y ) :
MUUAMMAD H ~ S H I MB . ZAYN AL-'ABIDTN AL-MijSAWi AL-KHWANSART Risiiio f i jowiiz balq 01-libya
( d . 1318): Edition: T a b r i z , 1300
MS: Princeton 1076 New Series
Hall a 1 'asik f7 abkFm 01- 'osTr
Edition: T e h r a n , 1317 ( i n h i s Ma'din 01-fowii'id) BASAN B . HADT AL-$ADR A L - ' ~ N I I L (~d . 1354):
MUJJAMMAD RIpA B . 'ALi AL-ASTARAB%DT ( d . a f t e r 1325): - Dhikrii dhgwT 01-nuhii f7 burrnot balq a/-IibZ
MS: DZnishgiih 551812 ( c a t . , XVI, p.27)
Risiilo f7 nijiisot Ah1 01-Kitiib
Edition: I n d i a , 1324 - Al-Ghiiliyo li-ah1 01-on~iir a/-'F1iyo = Risiilo d o r burmat-i riihtorFsh7,

MS: Fayoiyya 207111 ( c a t . , 111, p.175)

134 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H ? ' ~LAW
( c a t . , p.354); Majlis 464512 ( c a t . , XIII, p . 3 4 ) ; Mar'ashi 959 ( c a t . ,
I , 1 5 1 ; Dinishgih 2144136, 101517, 587612 ( c a t . , V , p.1951,
IX, p.828, XVI, p.387); Raoawi 2500 ( c a t . , 11, p . 9 0 ) ; Masjid-i A'za
57512
- Al-Hidiiya = WZjibiit 01-galCt
MS: Los Angeles MI31314 ( c a t . , p.724); Rawdati (AB, XXV, p p . 164
- Mi$bCb oIkmubtod7
MSS: Los Angeles M131318 ( c a t . , p.724); Tustariyya 87311 ( c a t . ,
pp.878-9); Radawi 2652 ( c a t . , 11, p . 136); Milli, Arabic 1919110,
80012 ( c a t . , VIII, p.303, X, p.584); K i s h i n i ( c a t . , p.252); Faydiyy
183512 ( c a t . , 111, p.139); Radawi 2651-2, 6038 ( c a t . , 11, p.136, V ,
p . 506); DZnishgih 7045 ( c a t . , XVI, p.438); Ilihiyyit 58312d ( c a t . ,
p.336); Waziri 245612, 320113 ( c a t . , V, p p . 1300, 1569); Gulpiyigin
99911 ( c a t . , 11, p.219); Masjid-i A'zam 116015
- Shadhrot a l - n o g d
MSS: Los Angeles M131316 ( c a t . , p.724); Majlis 883413
IBRAHTM B. LAYTH A L - H U S A Y N ~ (mid-9th c c e n t u r y ) :
A/-Muqoddorna a / - f o r ' i y y o
MS: Princeton 399212 Yahuda ( c a t . , p . 149)
A L - T U W A L ~-NShams
~ al-Din 'Ali al-Nabiriri al-'Amili (mid-9th
century) :
KifCyot a / - m u h t a d i = 01-TuwalCniyyo
MSS: Radawi 2283, 2718, 6187 ( c a t . , 11, p.22, V , p.390); Ilihiyyit
16813d ( c a t . , I , p.251); Dinishgih 116311 ( c a t . , VI, p.2233); Milli
119011 Arabic ( c a t . , IX, p.175): Los Angeles M9715 ( c a t . , p.663)
I B N ABi JUMHBR:
A/-Risiila 01-Barmakiyyo
Translation: Persian, MS: Dinishgih 1015141 ( c a t . , V, pp.1827-8)
AL-MAYST - Niir al-Din 'Ali b . 'Abd al-'A17 ( d . 938):
WGibCt 01-$oliit
MS: Matbaf 186 ( c a t . . I , p.239)
AL-KARAKT :
- AlkAlfiyya
MSS: KhZligi ( c a t . , p . 6 7 ) ; Gulpiyigini 4312 ( c a t . , I , p.54)
- .A. . 1 -l o
- ' f,-..,,-
nrii/vn
Editions: Tehran, 1314, 1318
Selected MSS: Raoawi 2319, 2316, 2321, 2325 ( c a t . , 11, pp.32-3);
Majlis 546 Tabatabi'i , 1161 ~ a b i t a b ' a ' i 311212
, ( c a t . , X , p p . 674-5) ;
Waairi 95211 ( c a t . , 11, p . 784); 'Abd al-'Azim 12211 ( c a t . , p.438);
Uinishgih 87217 ( c a t . , V , p p . 1841-2); Mahdawi 50011 ( c a t . , p.120);
Mar'ashi 68011 ( c a t . , 11, p.273); Nawwib 18 law ( c a t . , p.454); D i r
al-Kutub 21237 ( c a t . , I , p.400); Bankipore 844 ( c a t . Arabic, I , p.84)
Translation: ( 1 ) Persian, by Llasan b . 'Abd al-GhaffZr (early 10th
c e n t u r y ) , MS: Majlis 311211 ( c a t . , X , p.673); ( 2 ) Persian, by Abu
'1-Ma'ili b . Badr al-Din JJasan al-Yusayni al-Astaribidi ( d . after
9351, MSS: Tiflis 699110 ( N a s h . , VIII, p.260); sahib al-Dhari'a
(AB, IV, pp.94, 104); ( 3 ) Persian, by 'Ali b . JJasan al-Zawiri, MS:
Waziri 228412 ( c a t . , IV, p.1232); ( 4 ) Persian, by wasan b . GhiyZth
MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION 135
a l - A s t a r i b i d i , MS: IlihiyyZt 304d ( c a t . , I , p . 28); (5-7) three anony-
mous or unidentified Persian translations: ( a ) MS: Masjid-i Jimi' 31314
( c a t . , p.383); ( b ) MS: India Office 121 Ashburner ( c a t . , p . 7 8 ) ;
( c ) MS: Bankipzre 1247 ( c a t . Persian, I , p . 199)
In verse: 0 1 - ' A b i d i y y o , by 'Abd al-ausayn b . 'Ahd al-Ria; aalKieimi
( d . after 1120), MS: Buriijirdi (AB, XV, p.204)
Commentaries: (1) by the a u t h o r , MSS: Dinishgih 87217 ( c a t . , V,
p . 1862); Radawi 11312 law ( c a t . , 11, p . 3 4 ) ; ( 2 ) a/-MofChb 01-
Mu?offoriyyo, by Mubarnmad b . p b i Tilib al-Miisawi al-Astaribidi
( d . after 940), selected MSS: Asafiyya 146 S h i ' i law ( c a t . , 11, p p .
245-6); Ragawi 2622-3, 2478-80,6497 ( c a t . , 11, pp.83-4, 126-7, V,
p p . 506-7); JJujjatiyya 121 ( c a t . , p.86); JJuqiiq 31d, 320j ( c a t . ,
p.469); Malik 2380, 2797 ( c a t . , I , p.688); Majlis 33, 139 Khu'i ( c a t . ,
VII, p.153); Dinishgih 269411, 6659 ( c a t . , X, p.1577, XVI, p.327);
Matbaf 2806, 3038 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 5 6 ) ; India Office 1811 ( c a t . , 11, p.314);
(3) a / - C h o r o w i y y o , by Sharaf al-Din 'Ali al-ausayni al-Astaribidi
f d . after 938). MSS: Radawi 2499 ( c a t . , 11, p . 90); Princeton 193511
New Series; Hakim 58 ( N d s h . , V, p . 4 2 3 ) ; ( 4 7 0 1 - v o y d a r i y y o , by Shah
T i h i r b . Radi al--Din al-Ijusayni al-Ismi'ili al-Dakani ( d . 952), MSS:
Raaawi 2621 ( c a t . , V, p.455, 507); Los Angeles M829 ( c a t . , p.216);
(5) by al-Maysi, MS: ZanjZn ( c a t . , p.113); ( 6 ) S h o r b k h u t b a t ol-
J o ' f o r i y y o , by Mubammad Mahdi al-Radawi al-Mashhadi ( d . a f t e r 954),
MS: IlihiyyZt 9911 (Cat., I , p.715); ( 7 ) by 'Abd al-Hayy al-Ashraqi
a l - J u r i i n i . MS: Bencal 634 ( c a t . , I . 0.313); ( 8 ) 01-FawC',d 01-'oliyvo,
by al-iradil a l - ~ a u u i d , ~Gharb ~ ~ ~ :1132 ( c a t . , p.167); Mar'ashi 1 7 i 2
( c a t . . V . ww.103-4); Mailis 9391; ShirZzi (AB, XVI, p.350);
kaw&ti '(cat., I , p p . 260 f f ) ; ( 9 ) 01-Ashi"a a ~ - b o d r i ; ~ oby ,
Mubammad Ismi'il al-Fadi'i al-Kazzizi, MS: Masjid-i A'zam 386,
-.
9 2 7 2 - 4 : (~ ln-) h- v, 'Ali Akbar b . Ibrihim al-KhwZnsZri ( d . 1271).
-, . . MSS:
- - -
Gulpivie;ani 89 ( c a t . , I , p . 9 2 ) ; (11) anonymous, MS: GawharshZd
560 ( c a t . , p.318)
A / - N a j m i y y o , on dogmatics and prayer
MSS: ?dahdawi 50012 ( c a t . , p . 120); ha(lawi 2746 ( c a t . , V, p.526):
Gulpiyigini 4314 ( c a t . , 1, p . 5 4 ) ; Los Angeles M1051 ( c a t . , p.707)
Commentary: 01-Kowiikib a / - d u r r i y y o , by Busayn b . 'Ali al-Uwili
al-Hajari, MS: Radawi 2543 ( c a t . , 11, p.104)
Mo'FnT of':/
., ~. ol-crilzt
..
M S : Gharb 4 1 5 6 ( c a t . , p.380)
A B B B~. MUUAMMAD RIPA AL-TUNT ( d . aftdr 9491:
WalTzo fT f o r d 01-$olCt
MS: Milli 1028 Arabic ( c a t . , IX, p.31)
MUJJAMMAD B. JJARITH A L - M A N $ ~A~LR
- B~A ~ R A N T ( d . after 952):
A i - S o y f i y y o , on dogmatics and prayer
MS: Majlis 433912 ( c a t . , XII, p.38)
KAMAL AL-DTN FIUSAYN B. FAQL ALLAH A L - D ~ M G H ~ (Nd .~ after 972):
WCjibiit 01-$alZt
MS: x s t i n a 38311 ( c a t . , p.232)
'ABD AL-'ALi A L - K A R A K ~ :
Ai-NizZmiyyo
Commentary: HCd7 01-muQ'illTn wo m u r s h i d a/-mu$ollii?, by 'Abd al-HZdi
b . RafT' al-Din Ijusayn al-FIusayni al-DilijZni ( d . after 10481, MSS:
136 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OFDEVOTION 137
Mar'ashi 801, 1167, 2153 ( c a t . , 111, p p . 1 , 339, VI, p.160) MSS.: Gharb 2435 ( c a t . , pp.203-4); Najaf, J a z i ' i r i (AB, XV,

@.BIB AL-MA'ALIM:
VAMMAD TAHIR B. RAPT AL-DTN MUJJAMMAD A L - F ~ U S A Y N ~ (rorly 12th
Al-lthno'oshariyyo
MSS: SipahsiIir 606211 ( c a t . , 111, pp.42-3); Dinishgih 370214 (cat
XI, p.2016) Toqwiin ol-$alFt , Persian
Commentaries: ( 1 ) a/-AnwZr aolqornoriyya, by Fay$ Allih b . 'Abd Edition: Tehran, 1364
Q i h i r al-JJusayni al-Tafrishi ( d . 10251, MS: _Nujiimi ( c a t . , p . 293 MSS: Majlis 2049, 4731 ( c a t . , VI, p.47, XIII, pp.111-12); Milli 293312f
( 2 ) by Mubarnmad b . Ffasan al-'Amili, MSS: Aqafivya 96 S h i ' i law ( c a t . , VI, pp.677-8)
( c a t . , 11, p p . 243-4); Hamadin, Madrasa-yi Dimghani ( N a s h . , V,
p.384); ( 3 ) by B a h i ' al-Din al-'Amili, MSS: Radawi 2729 ( c a t . , V, MAD A L - B A ~ R ~: N ~
p.405); Dinishgih 918112 ( c a t . , V, pp.1855-6); Adabiyyit 1413d Al-MasF'il 01-khomsa
( c a t . , p p . 197-8); Majlis 371816, 596011 ( c a t . , X, pp.1694-5, XVII, MS: Majlis 270112 ( c a t . , IX, p.4)
p ,344); Masjid-i Jimi' 29912 ( c a t . , p . 377); Sipahsilir 793911 ( c a t .
IV, p p . 139-40); ( 4 ) a / - F o w c ' i d a / - G h o r a w i y y a , by Sharaf al-Din 'Ali BIB AL-JJADA'IQ:
Ijujjat Allah al-Shfilastini ( d . after 10571, MSS: Majlis 494411 ( c a t . ,
XVII, pp.327-8); Radawi 2509 ( c a t . , 11, p . 9 2 ) ; Sipahsilir 6065 (cat RisFlo f i 'I-$al;t
V, p.386) Editions: Najaf, 1356, 1371
MS: Mar'ashi 345014 ( c a t . , IX, p.242)
BAHA' AL-DiN AL-'AMIL~: S h o r b Risiilat 01-qolFt, a commentary on t h e previous work
Risiila rnukhta$oro f F f i q h 01-golot
MSS: Mar'ashi 345015 ( c a t . , IX, p.243); Radawi 6467 ( c a t . , V,
MS: Bodleian Arab . e . 175 p.434); Ntirbakhsh 43711 ( c a t . , 11, p . 132); Zanjin ( c a t . , p . 114);
Dinishgih 766711 ( c a t . , XVI, p.668)
MU'IZZ AL-DIN AL-MUSAWT: - Risiilo f i ' I - $ o l c t , different from above
T u b f a t al-Rid5 MS: Mareashi 345016 ( c a t . , IX, pp.243-5)
MS: Radawi 6533 ( c a t . , V, pp.379-81)
USAYN AL 'USFOR:
ANONYMOUS (written before 1057): Ai-Nafba 01-qudsiyya
A / - R i s 3 o 01-rna'nawiyya MSS: Marcashi 2475 ( c a t . , VII, p.66); U s t i d i ( c a t . , p.66)
MS: Gulpiyigini 199111 ( c a t . , 111, p p . 129-30)
BU TALIB B. ABI 'L-JJASAN AL-IjUSAYNi A L - Q U M M ~ (mid-13th
MIIUAMMAD A L - F ~ U S A Y N ~ ( d . after 1074):
IrshCd 01-$Clibin, Persian
Risiilo fi 'I-$aliit
MS: DinishgZh 2155 ( c a t . , IX, p.850) MS: Milli 1942f ( c a t . , IV, p.407)

ABU ' L - Q ~ S I MA L - G U L P ~ Y I G ~ N ~ :
A I-Masclik MatFli' 01-onwiir, a commentary on t h e chapter on prayer of
MSS: Radawi 5721 ( c a t . , V, p . 500); Milli 294 Arabic ( c a t . , VII, al-Mu4aqqiq1s S h o r F ' i ' 01-IslFrn
p p . 262-3) Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 2799, 1632, 1900, 1906, 1913, 1929, 2980, 3304
( c a t . , V, pp.35, 272-3, 277, 285, 297,VII, p.367, VIII, p . 157, I X ,
ANONYMOUS (written before 1095): p . 84); Majlis 5788-90 ( c a t . , XVII, p p . 221-3); Dinishgih 1000-2, 4888
( c a t . , V, p p . 2047-52, XIV, p p . 3937-8); Sipahsilir 2474-8 ( c a t . , I ,
Risiilo f i 'I-$al?t p p . 459-61); Radawi 7971, 7976-80 (Binish, p p . 1016-17)
MS: Dinishgih 271112 ( c a t . , X, p.1588)
USAYN B. D I L D ~ R' A L ~AL-NAS~RAB.XDT ( d . after 1250):
AL-MAJLIST 11:
MonZihij ol-tadqTq wa mo'Frij a/-tabqTq
Adiib 01-golot , Persian Edition: India (AB, XXII, p.343)
MS: Mar'ashi 18711 ( c a t . , I , p . 205)

AF,-M~I;~~ZT:
- Al-FawF'id 01-sariyyo, a commentary on the treatise on prayer of Bah Edition: Tehran, 1305
al-Din al- 'Amili's a/-1 t h n o ' o s h a r i y y o MS: Ustidi ( c a t . , p.26)
MS: Najaf, J a z i ' i r i (AB, XVI, p.342) -
K . a/-$ol?it, his lectures on prayer compiled b y one of his pupils
- Wiijibat 01-$olZt MS: Majlis 44 T a b a t a b i ' i
 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'i LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION 137

Mar'ashi 801, 1167, 2153 ( c a t . , 111, p p . 1 , 339, VI, p.160) MSS: Gharb 2435 ( c a t . , pp.203-4); Najaf, J a z i ' i r i (AB, XV,

$ABIB AL-MA'XLIM:
BAMMAD TAHIR B. RAPT A L - D ~ N MUUAMMAD AL-BUSAYNT (rnrly 12th
A/-IthnZ'ashariyyo
MSS: Sipahsilir 606211 ( c a t . , 111, pp.42-3); DZnishgih 370214 (cat
XI, p.2016) ToqwTm 01-golZt , Persian
Commentaries: ( 1 ) 01-An wZr a / - q o m o r i y y o , b y Fayd Allih b . 'Abd Edition: Tehran, 1364
Qihir al-ausayni al-Tafrishi ( d . 1025), MS: -Nujiimi ( c a t . , p.293); MSS: Majlis 2049, 4731 ( c a t . , VI, p.47, XIII, pp. 111-12); Milli 293312f
( 2 ) b y MuQammad b . wasan 31-'Amili, MSS: Asafivya 96 S h i ' i law ( c a t . , VI, pp. 677-8)
( c a t . , 11, p p . 243-4); Hamadsn, Madrasa-yi Dimghirni ( N o s h . , V,
p.384); (3) by Bahi' al-Din alkCAmili, MSS: Radawi 2729 ( c a t . , V, UMAD A L - B A ~ R ~ N ? :
p.405); DZnishgZh 918112 ( c a t . , V, pp.1855-6): AdabiyyXt 1413d A/-MosZ'ii 01-khamso
( c a t . , p p . 197-8); Majlis 371816, 596011 ( c a t . , X, pp.1694-5, XVII, MS: Majlis 270112 ( c a t . , IX, p . 4 )
p . 344); Masjid-i &mi' 29912 ( c a t . , p . 377); Sipahsilir 793911 ( c a t . ,
IV, p p . 139-40); ( 4 ) 01-Fowz'id a / - C h o r o w i y y a , by Sharaf al-Din 'Ali ABIB AL-UADA'IQ:
Bujjat AllZh al-ShiilastZni ( d . after 1057), MSS: Majlis 494411 ( c a t . ,
XVII, p p . 327-8); Radawi 2509 ( c a t . , 11, p . 92); SipahsiTar 6065 (ca Risiilo f i 'I-galZt
V, p.386) Editions: Najaf, 1356, 1371
MS: Mar'ashi 345014 ( c a t . , 1X;p. 242)
BAHA' AL-DTN AL-%MILT: S h o r b RisZlot 01-salZt, a commentary on t h e previous work
RisZIo mukhtogoro f7 f i q h 01-goliit MSS: Mar'ashi 345015 ( c a t . , IX, p . 243); Radawi 6467 ( c a t . , V,
MS: Bodleian Arab.e. 175 p.434); Niirbakhsh 43711 ( c a t . , 11, p . 132); Zanjin ( c a t . , p . 114);
DZnishgih 766711 ( c a t . , XVI, p.668)
MU'IZZ A L - D ~ NA L - M ~ S A W ~ : Risiilo f i "I-golZt, different from above
T u b f o t 01-Rip'; MS: Mar'ashi 345016 ( c a t . , IX, pp.243-5)
MS: Ragawi 6533 ( c a t . , V , pp.379-81)
IjUSAYN AL 'u$FOR:
ANONYMOUS (written before 1057): Al-Nafba o l - q u d s i y y o
Al-RisZIo a/-mo'nawiyyo MSS: Marcashi 2475 ( c a t . , VII, p.66); U s t i d i ( c a t . , p.66)
MS: Gulpiyigini 199111 ( c a t . , 111, pp.129-30)
ABU TALIB B. ABI 'L-JJASAN AL-BUSAYNI AL-QUMM'~ (mid-13th
MIlIjAMMAD A L - Y U S A Y N ~ ( d . a f t e r 1074):
I r s h Z d 01-gZiibTn, Persian
RisZla fi ' I - ~ a l Z t
MS: DZnishgXh 2155 ( c a t . , IX, p.850) MS: Milli 1942f ( c a t . , IV, p.407)

ABU 'L-QASIM AL-GULPLYIGAN'I:

A I-MasZilik Motiili' 01-onwcr, a commentary on the chapter on prayer of
MSS: Ragawi 5721 ( c a t . , V, p . 500); Milli 294 Arabic ( c a t . , VII, al-MuQaqqiqls ShorE'i' 01-lsliim
p p . 262-3) Selected MSS: ~ a r ' a s h i 2799, 1632, 1900, 1906, 1913, 1929, 2980, 3304
( c a t . , V, pp.35, 272-3, 277, 285, 297,VII, p.367, VIII, p.157, I X ,
ANONYMOUS (written before 1095): p . 8 4 ) ; Majlis 5788-90 ( c a t . , XVII, p p . 221-3): Dinishgih 1000-2, 4888
( c a t . , V, pp.2047-52, XIV, pp.3937-8); SipahsiGr 2474-8 ( c a t . , I ,
RisZlo f i 'I-$ol;t pp.459-61); Radawi 7971, 7976-80 (Binish, pp.1016-17)
MS: DinishgZh 271112 ( c a t . , X, p.1588)
BUSAYN B . DILDAR 'ALT AL-NA$TRABADI( d . a f t e r 1250):
AL-MAJLIST 11:
MonEhij ol-tadqTq wo mo'Zrij 01-tobqTq
ZdZb a/-goiEt , Persian Edition: India (AB, XXII, p.343)
MS: Mar'ashi 18711 ( c a t . , I , p.205)

AL-MAHUZT:
- A l - F o w Z ' i d g l - s a r i y y o , a commentary on the treatise on prayer of Bahi Edition: Tehran, 1305
al-Din al- 'Amili's 01-l t h n Z C a s h o r i y y o MS: UstXdi ( c a t . , p.26)
MS: Najaf, J a z i ' i r i (AB, XVI, p.342) -
K . a/-SolZt, his lectures on prayer compiled by one of his pupils
- WZjibCt 01-goliit MS: Majlis 4 4 7abZiabZ.i
 138 AN INTRODUCTION TO s H I ' ~LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION 139
AL-<IA'IR~ - 'Abd al-Karim b . Muhammad Ja'far al-Yazdi ( d . 1355): ON THE DIRECTION OF PRAYER^
- K . a/-$aliit
Edition: Tehran, 1353 ADHAN B. JIBRI'TL A L - Q U M M ~( d . after 593):
-
K . 01-;SdFt, his lectures on prayer compiled by Makmud al-Xshtiyini
Edition: Tehran, 1387-90 Editions: Tehran, 1311, 1390 (both in al-Majlisi 11's B i b C r o o l o n w i ; r ,
first edition, XVIII, part 2, p p . 153-6; second edition, LXXXIV,
AL-NA'TNT:
Selected MSS: Majlis 4339111, 519412, 2761116 ( c a t . , IX, p.164, XII,
K . a l - S d i i t , his lectures on prayer compiled b y Mubarnmad Taqi p.42, XVI, p.24): RaJawi 6045, 7187 (Binish, p.587); Gulpiyigzni
al-Amuli 239715 ( c a t . , 111, p.245); Mar'ashi 679 ( c a t . , 11, p.272); Dinishgih
Edition: Tehran, 1372-3 ( 3 vols.) 88213 ( c a t . , V , pp.1774-5)

AL-BUROJIRDI
:

N i h Z y o t 0 1 - t o q r T r , his lectures on prayer complied by Muhammad al- I s t i b b i i b 01-tayiisur li-oh1 o l - ' I r i i q

Muwapuidi al-Lankarini Editions: Tehran, 1307 (in al-Shahid a l - T h i n i l s Rawp' o l - j i n i i n , between
Edition: Qurn, 1376 ( 2 vols.) p p . 199-200) and others
Selected MSS: Dinishgih 88214, 288812, 592313 ( c a t . , V, p . 1838, X,
2. ON TIMES OF PRAYER p.1733, XVI, p.154); Majlis 398818, 3280122 ( c a t . , X, pp.900-1, 2165);
Radawi 7188 ( c a t . , V, p.430); U s t i d i ( c a t . , p . 6 9 ) . It is also included
BAYAZTD AL-TH~N~: in Ibn Fahd's o l - M u h o d h d h o b a / - b i i r i * , the chapter on prayer.
A w q i i t al-goliit
MS: DinishgZh 944111 ( c a t . , V, p p . 1784-5)
Risiilo f i ' I - q i b l o (see AB, XVII, p.45)
AL-MAJLISf 11:
MSS: Milli 1493111 Arabic ( c a t . , X, 0.621); Dinishgih 359716 ( c a t . ,
A w q i i t - i n a m i i l , Persian
MSS: Mar'ashi 187117, 305013 ( c a t . , I , pp.211-12, VIII, p.269)
USAYN B. 'ABD AL-SAMAD:
A L - ~ A u O z :i T u b f a t ah1 01-TmZn
Risiilo fT o w q i i t 01-zoliit MSS: Majlis 183619 ( c a t . , IX, p p . 487-8); Milli 194314 Arabic ( c a t . ,
MS: Busayniyyat Kishif al-Ghiti' 55 ( A B , X I , p.124) X, p . 617); GawharshZd 175012 ( c a t . , p.368); GulpiyigZnT 4811
( c a t . , I , p . 5 8 ) ; Raaawi 7386 (Binish, p.633)
AL-MUKHTLRI: Q i b l o t ' I r Z q o l k ' a j a m wo K h u r i i s i i n
H i ~ i i n01-yowiiqTt MSS: Mar'ashi 74414 ( c a t . , 11, p . 3 4 6 ) ; FayJiyya 167911 ( c a t . , 111,
MS: Mar'ashi 338215 ( c a t . , IX, p.160) p.117); Gulpiyigini 4814 ( c a t . , I , p.58)

ABMAD AL-BAJJRANT : NONYMOUS:

T o ' r q 'dci m o b b a t h al-zowiil min 01-Rowp'a a / - b o h i y y o Risiilo fT m o ' r i f o t 01-qibia
MSS: Dinishgih 752411 (cat., XVI, p . 6 0 8 ) : Princeton 22916 Yahuda MS: Sipahsilir 84012 ( c a t . , V, p.398)
( c a t . , p . 138)
AJJMUD A L - ~ U S A Y NA
~L-SH~LASTAN~:
IBN TAWQ A L - B A ~ R A N T : Risiilo fT m o ' r i f a t 01-qiblo
I d r i i k 01-rok'a fi 'I-woqt MS: Mashhad, Ilihiyyit 77315 ( c a t . , I , pp.416-17)
MS: Mar'ashi 235815r11 ( c a t . , VI, pp.335, 337)
'ALL' AL-MULK FAOIL KHAN (10th c e n t u r y ) :
' A L ~B . MUIJAMMAD
JJUSAYN A L - S H A H R A S T A N ~ ( d . 1344): Risi;lo fT tobqTq 01-qiblo
Risiilo fT mo'rifat waqt a/-moghrib MS: Sipahsilir 2925111 ( c a t . , 111, pp.380-1)
Edition: Tehran, 1320
AL-MUJTAHID:
Risiilo fi 'I-qiblo
Translation: Persian, by Muhammad Qidiq al-Sirkini , MS: Ustidi

For S h i ' i scientific works on t h e subject see AB, XVII, pp.37-46.

140 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'i LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION
BAHA' AL-DTN AL-'AMILY: ON CLOTHES FOR PRAYER
RisZla fi t a b q i q johot al-qibla
Selected MSS: DZnishgZh 82114, 91819, 98713, 162612, 400516, 4316 O R ALLAH A L - T U S T A R ~ :
( c a t . , V, pp.1853-4, VIII, p.210, XII, p.2993, XIII, p.3279);
RisZla f~ t o b q i q mii l i i totimm al-$aliit f i h
SipahsZEr 267016, 753919, 754214,8190112 ( c a t . ; I , pp.419-20, 111,
p.44, IV, p.133); Mar'ashi 10414, 100315 ( s a t . , I , p.126, 111, p MS: IlZhiyyZt 5119d (Cat., I , p.127)
GulpZyigZni 4812, 14612 ( c a t . , I , pp.58, 135); Masjid-i A'qam 4
Princeton 15112 New Series; Raoawi 6544 ( c a t . , V, p.438)
HA' A L - D ~ N A L - ' A M I L ~:

MUJJAMMAD Y A J ~ Y A
B. S H A R ~ FA L - S ~ W I J (~d . after 1075): Editions: Tehran, 1315 (in the collection of Kalimiit a/-mubaqqiqil
1318 (in the margin of al-KhurZsZni's D u r o r o l - f o w i i ' i d )
Minhiij o l - q i b l a , Persian
MS: Mar'ashi 1453 ( c a t . , IV, p.242) MS: DZnishgZh 91813 ( c a t . , V , P.1875)

MUJJAMMADB. MUIJAMMAD Z A M ~ NAL-KHSHANT ( d . after 1172):

Al-Dhahobiyyo
Qibla-yi I t h n Z ' o s h o r i y y a , Persian
MSS: DZnishgZh 706012 ( c a t . , XVI, p.442); AdabiyyZt, 1895 (c MS: DZnishgZh 79113 (Cat., V, P. 1883)
pp. 376-7); Majlis 627, 196617 (Cat., IX, pp.682-4); Niirbakhsh
( c a t . , I , p.131) 247613 ( c a t . , VII, p.68)
Risiiia f i 'l-libo's ol-moshkck
MUJJAMMAD $ ~ L I IB.
J MUBAMMAD SA'f D AL-KHALKHALT ( d . 1175) :
MS: Majlis 375211 ( c a t . , X, p.1736)
A l - l b i i n a 01-marp'iyya, a commentary on the relevant discussion in al-
Shahid al-ThZni's ol-Rawp'a 01-bohiyyo uSAYN AL-QAZWTNT:
Edition: Tehran 1313
MukhtZr oolmadhhab fT mii y a ~ b a b u hal-insiin min al-dhohab
MS: Mar'ashi 2786 ( c a t . , VII, pp. 349-50); DinishgZh 5830 ( c a t . , MSS: Raoawi 259511 ( c a t . , 11, p.118): zanjini 7611 ( c a t . , pp.
XVI, p.30)

MUIJAMMAD JA'FAR A L - A S T A R A B ~ D T :
Iziibat a / - s h u k i i k f i 'I-libiis al-mashkiik
RisZla f i ' I - q i b l a
Edition: Tehran, 1313
MS: Mar'ashi 306612 ( c a t . , VIII, p.287)
MAD J ~ U S A Y NAL-SHAHRASTANT :
' A L ~B. RIPA AL BAJJR A L - ' U L ~ M :
~ j s i j / of i m o ' r i f a t b u k m 01-moshkiik rnin 01-libiis
RisZlo f i ' I - q i b l a
Edition: Tehran, 1320
Edition: Tehran, 1291 (together with his a l - B u r h i i n a l - q i i c i ' )

' A L ~B. 'ABD ALLAH AL-'ALYART AL-TABR~ZT( d . 1321): UBAMMAD B . MUYAMMAD BAQIR AL-JJUSAYNT AL-FTROZABADT
fT t a ' y i n ol-waqt wa 'I-qibla,as a commentary on the
Minhiij al-millo
JZmi' al-kalim
relevant discussions in al-Shahid al-ThZni's above-mentioned work
MS: Mar'ashi (AB, XXIII, p.176) Edition: Najaf, 1339

MUUAMMAD 'ALf B. MUUAMMAD N A $ ~ R

AL-MUDARRIS AL-GTLANT AL-BALAGHT :
( d . 1334): Risiila f i 'I-IibZs aolmashkiik
Edition: Najaf, 1352 (together with his u i i s h i y a t al-makiisib)
AI-Waqt wa ' I - q i b l a , a commentary on the relevant discussions in
al-Shahid al-Thini's above-mentioned work AL-:RAWANT - 'Ali b . 'Abd al-IJusayn al-Najafi ( d . 1353):
Edition: Tehran, 1323
MS: Mar'ashi 207811 ( c a t . , VI, p. 91) Al-Dhahab al-mosbiik
Edition: Tehran,1367
MUJJAMMAD HASHIM B . MUIJAMMAD ' A L ~AL-KHURASANT ( d . 1352):
Risiila dar mo'rifat-i q i b l a , Persian
Editions: Tehran, 1332, 1352, Mashhad, 1350 Risiila f i 'I-libiis al-mashkiik
Edition: Najaf, 1357-8 (together with his Munyot a l - t i i l i b )

QIYA' A L - D ~ NA L - ' A R ~ Q ~ :
Risiila f i 'I-libiis al-mashkiik
142 AN INTRODUCTION T O SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON A C T S O F DEVOTION 1

E d i t i o n s : N a j a f , n . d . , Q u m , 1394 ( b o t h t o g e t h e r w i t h , his Rawii'i' 'MIN B . MUIJAMMAD HASHIM A L - Y U S A Y N ~ (mid-12th

01-amX)
bbiib a/-shohiida bi-wilCyot ' A i 7 b . Ab7 T i i l i b f i 'l-odhiin
ABU 'L-IJASAN B . MUIJAMMAD AL-ANGAJT A L - T A B R ~ Z (~d . 1 3 5 7 ) :
Iziibat a / - i l t i b i i s ' a n b u k m 01-moshkiik min a/-lib55 M S : D i n i s h g i h 260313 ( c a t . , I X , P . 1457)
Edition: T a b r i z , 1313
~ T RB . MUVAMMAD MA'SUM:
MUUAMMAD J A ' F A R B . MUIJAMMAD TAHIR A L - S H ~ R T \ Z(~d . 1395): Kanz a/-ShT'a
Iziibat 01-shukijk ' o n b u k m 01-libiis a/-mashkijk M S : M a r ' a s h i 2517 ( c a t . , V I I , p p . 1 0 2 - 3 )
Edition: ShTrZz, 1366

AL-KHU'i: ~ i s i i l of7 k a y f i y y o t a/-adhiin wa ' I - t o s h a h h u d

Risiila f i ' I - l i b i i s a/-mashkijk MS: M a s h h a d , A d a b i y y a t 2516 ' F a y y i o ( c a t . , p p . 211-12)
Edition: N a j a f , 1361
ASHIF AL-GHITA' :
5. ON PLACE O F PRAYER Risiila f i 'I-man' min a/-shahiida b i ' I - w i l i i y a f i 'I-adhiin
M S : i n s e r t e d in t h e n e x t t r e a t i s e -
'ALT NAQT B . MUVAMMAD HASHIM AL-KAMARA'T A L - I ~ F A H ~ N T
( d . 1060): AL-AKHBART - MuQarnmad b . ' A b d a l - N a b i a l - N a y s i b u r i ( d . 1232):
Risiila f i " I g o l i i t f i 'I-magh$ijb Risiila dar shahiidat b a r wiliiyat d a r o d h i i n , P e r s i a n
MS: Majlis 333315 ( c a t . , X , p . 1 1 3 0 ) MS: Majlis 279716 ( c a t . , X , p p . 7 2 - 3 )
ZAYN A L - ' A B I D ~ N B . MUIJAMMAD YUSUF A L - I J U S A Y N ~ AL-LARTJANY MUUAMMAD B . ASGHAR UUSAYN AL-AMROHAWT ( d . a f t e r 1333):
( d . a f t e r 1168) :
- Biib-i jiniin, U r d u
Kashf 01-matlijb fT b u f l i i n a/-$aliit f i 'I-makiin 01-moghgijb
MS: M a r ' a s h i 189112 ( c a t . , V , p . 2 6 6 )
MSS: Milli 108114 ( c a t . , I X , p . 7 5 ) : M a r e a s h i 3056 ( c a t . , V I I I , p . 2 7
- K h a y r a/-'omal, U r d u
FJUSAYN AL-QAZW~N!: MS: M a r ' a s h i 189113 ( c a t . , V , p . 2 6 7 )
Risiilo f7 bukm a / - ' i b i i d a f i 'I-makiin a/-mogh$ijb INCIDENTAL DISCUSSIONS
MSS: R a d a w i 259514 ( c a t . , 11, p . 1 1 8 ) ; Z a n j i n i 7614 ( c a t . , p p . 2 2 0 -

MUVAMMAD 'ALT B . MUIJAMMAD BAQIR AL- SHAFT^:

'ABD ALLAH AL-TUSTART:
RisZila f7 i d k h i i l 01-shohiida b i ' I - w i l i i y o f i ' I - t a s h o h h u d , i n c l u d e d i n
Risiila f i 'I-$aliit f i 'I-makiin a/-magh$ijb h i s 01-Rasii'il ( s e e a b o v e , c h a p t e r 5 )
MS: M a r ' a s h i 199512 ( c a t . , V , p . 3 6 6 )
IJAYDAR ' A L i A L - S H ~ R W ~ (~e aNr ~l y 1 2 t h c e n t u r y ) :
6. ON CALL FOR PRAYER
Risiilo f7 w u j i i b a/-galiit ' o l o ' / - N a b 7
MUIJAMMAD ~ ~ L I JBJ. 'ABD A L - W ~ S I ' AL-KHWATUNABADT ( d . 1126): MS: DZnishgZh 429211 ( c a t . , X I I I , pp.3261-2)
Al-Tah/Tliyya = Hal 01-tahrl marratiin fT i i k h i r 01-iqiima aw marra MUIJAMMAD IJUSAYN A L - K H W A T U N A B A D ~ :
wiibida
MS: DZnishgZh 59114 ( c a t . , V , p . 1 8 3 7 ) Risiilo d a r wujijb-i golawiit, P e r s i a n
MS: Ustidi (cat., p.55)
MUVAMMAD HADT B . MUBAMMAD 8ALIkI AL-MAZANDARANI ( d . a r o u n d
1134): 7. ON RECITATION
Risiila Ti 'I-adhiin wa 'I-iqiima
MS: N a w w i b 27112 ( c a t ., p . 4 7 4 )
'ABD ALLAH AL-TUSTART:
Risiilo f i ' I - j o h r wo ' I - i k h E t f i 'I-awwalotayn, i n c l u d e d i n h i s
AL-SARAB Mubarnmad b . ' a b d al-FattZb a l - - T u n u k Z b u n i ( d . 1124):
- a / - R o s i i ' i l ( s e e a b o v e , c h a p t e r 5)
Risiila f7 f u $ i l 01-adhiin wo 'I-iqiima BAHA' A L - D ~ NA L - ' A M I L ~ :
MSS: D a n i s h g i h 88813 ( c a t . , V , p p . 1 9 6 0 - 1 ) ; G u l p a y i g Z n i 186213
( c a t . , 111, p . 8 5 ) Risiilu f7 istibbiib 01-sijra f i 'I-galat
MSS: R a d a w i 242 law ( c a t . , 11, p . 7 4 ) ; M a r ' a s h i 100319 ( c a t . , 111,
 144 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H ~ ' ? LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION
MUBAMMAD ~ A D I QB. MUJJAMMAD AMTN AL-BILL? AL-SHTRAZT (d
D ALLAH A L - T U S T A R ~:
1057):
Risiila f7 k i E y a t musammii 01-jabha f i 'I-sujid,included in his 01-Ra:
Risiila f7 istibbiib a / - s i r a
MS: Dinishggh 712611 ( c a t . , XVI, p.461) (see above, chapter 5)

HA' AL-DIN A L - ' & M I L ~:

Riszla f7 s u j i d 01-tiliiwa
R~siilaIi- afp'oliyyat 01-tasb7b 'ala ' I - q i r z ' a f i 'I-rak'atayn al-
akh7ratyan MS: Dinishgih 708715 (cat., XVI, p.449)
MSS: Adabiyyit 27512 Kirmin ( c a t . , p.42); Miftib 24415 ( c a t . ,
ON TERMINATING SALUTE
p.230); Najaf, J a z i ' i r i ( N a s h . , VII, p.716)
Risiilo f7 koyfiyyat a/-tasbTb Ti 'I-akh7ratayn YAZTD AL-THANT :
MS: Najaf, JazZ'iri ( N o s h . , VII, p . 716)
Al-Tubfa a/-mardiyya = 01-Saliimiyya
MUJJAMMAD JA'FAR B. MUBAMMAD BAQIR AL-SABZAW~R~: MS: DinishgZh 94417 ( c a t . , V, p.1825)

AlTakbTrZit a/-sob '

MS: Mar'ashi 47813 ( c a t . , 11, p.83)
Risiila f i 'I-taslTm f i 'I-$aliit
AJJMAD AL-BAJJRAN? : MS: Tustariyya (AB, XI, p.147)

Risiila f7 jaw% a / - ' u d i i l 'an k u l l s i j r a 'ado 'I-Jabd wa 'I-TawbTd NONYMOUS (written in or before 1058):
MS: Princeton 229115 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.149)
Risiila fi w u j i b a/-tosliin f l 'I-galiit
MS: Mar'ashi 138312 ( c a t . , IV, p.157)

Tadhkirat 01-wadiid = Risiila f7 istibbzb raf' a/-yadayn f i 'I-qunijt UVAMMAD TAHIR B. MUBAMMAD IJUSAYN A L - Q U M M(~d . 1098):
MS: Princeton 1317 New Series (fols. 23b-44b)
Risiilo f7 afdaliyyat al-tasb7b f i 'I-akhTratayn MSS: Dinishgih 221513 ( c a t . , IX, p.891); Amir al-Mu'minin (AB,
MS: Adabiyyit 25125 Fayyicj ( c a t . , p.214) XII, p . 214) ; Najaf, Madrasat al-Sayyid ( i b i d . , XI, p . 199); Qum,
Riibini (Tlshnii'T, 1, p.448)
' A L ~B . MUJJAMMAD A L - M A Q ~ BAL-BAI~RAN?
~ :
Risiila f i 'I-jahr wo ' I - i k h E t
MS: Radawi 5216 (Binish, p.796) Risiila fi istibbiib 01-toslTm ' a l a 'I-nab7 f i 'I-toshohhud 01-akhTr
MS: Mar'ashi 338216 ( c a t . , IX, p.161)
MUJJAMMAD B. AfJMAD AL-BABRANT (late 12th c e n t u r v ) :
RisZlo f7 wujijb 01-jahr b i 'I-tasbTbiit f i 'I-akh7rotayn = RisZila l i
BN TAWQ AL-BA~RANT:
'I-tasbThCt aolarba'a Rawb 01-nasim tT abkiirn a/-tnslh
MS: Mailis 2312 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, p . 45) MS: Mar'ashi 235811 ( c a t . , VI, 12.333)

IBN TAWQ AL-BAVRAN~: 10. ON FRIDAY PRAYER

Risiila f7 w u j i b 01-ikhEt f7 ghayr 01-owwalatayn
MS: Mar'ashi 2358116 ( c a t . , VI, p.339)
Risiilo fT galiit a/-jum'a
AL-ASHTIYANT: Edition: Qum, 1395 (in the collection of Ashnii'7 bii chand nuskha-yi
khatt7, pp ,273-83)
Risiila f i ' / - j a m e bayn qagdoy 01-Qur'Zn wa ' / - d u e ; '
Edition: Tehran, 1314 (together with his Risiila fT qii'idat nafy a1 MSS: Radawi 2423 ( c a t . , 11, p.65); Mar'ashi 11013, 140916 ( c a t . , I ,
wa '1-barail
p . 132, IV, p . 187); Zanjini 2312 ( c a t . , p . 198); Dinishgih 441211
( c a t . , XIII, p.3374); Gawharshid 172113 ( c a t . , p.346); KhZlisi ( c a t . ,
8. ON PROSTRATION p . 102)
Translation: Persian, b y MuPammad s i d i q al-Sirkin:, MS: Waziri
(cat. of microfilms of D i n i s h g i h , I , p . 703)
AL-KARAKY :
Risiila f7 jawiiz aolsujiid 'a10 ' I - t u r b o al-Husayniyya a/-mashwiyya
MSS: Mar'ashi 128012 ( c a t . , IV, p . 8 0 ) ; Dinishgih 288811 ( c a t . , x , - Maqiila f i ' / - b a t h '015 $aliit a/-jumca
p . 1732) ; D5r al-Kutub 20325 ( c a t . , I , 0.388) ; Qidiriyya 523 (cat ., Selected MSS: DinishgZh 2099114, 701915 ( c a t . , VIII, p.728, XVI,
11, p . 323) ; ShirZz, Dinishgih
p.431); Majlis 2761117 ( c a t . , IX, p.164); Sipahsilir 746114 (cat., V,
 146 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHf'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION
p.289); Baku MI40143 ( N o s h . , IX, p.242) NoNYMOUS (written in 1054):
Translation: P e r s i a n , b y Mubarnmad S i d i q a l - s i r k i b i , MS: Waziri
( c a t . of microfilms of D i n i s h g i h , I , p ,703) , ~ j ~ Z / ;f7
l o wujiib joliit 01-jum'o
- MS: I l i h i y y i t 20613d ( c a t . , I , p.259)
RisZlo f7 wujiib joliit 01-jurn'o,included in h i s Majrnii'ot 01-ifZdZt ( s e e
above, c h a p t e r 5) NONYMOUS (written in o r before 1058):
Translation: P e r s i a n , b y Abu '1-Qisim SaQZb, edited T e h r a n , 1366
Rjsiila f7 wujiib wabdot $CJliit 01-jum'o
- Moqaa f7 wujiih 01-bobth 'on jalzt 01-jum'a MS: M a r c a s h i 138313+4 ( c a t . , IV, pp.157-8)
MS: D i n i s h g i h 441215 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3375)
ABD ALLAH B . MUUAMMAD AL-TONT ( d . 1071):
UUSAYN B . 'ABD AL-SAMAD:
R ; ~ fTz nofy
~ ~ al-wujiib ol-'oynT 'on joliit 01-jurn'o
Risiilo f7 wujiib $oliit ol-jurn'o MSS: Majlis 12812 K h u ' i , 326314, 438612 ( c a t . , VII, pp.177-8, X,
MSS: Majlis 1836111 ( c a t . , IX, p . 4 8 9 ) ; Uakim 451m; KhZligi ( c a t . , pp.874-5, XII, p . 9 3 ) ; D i n i s h g i h 287511 ( c a t . , X, ~ . 1 7 1 9 ) ; ~ i l l i
p . 103) 185811 ~ r a b i c( c a t . , X , p.439); Mar'ashi 2526 ( c a t . , VII, pp.112-13);
~ ~ ~ t ~ r,(AB,
i y yXV, a p p . 74-5) ; Los Angeles M120411 ( c a t . , p . 715)
HASAN B . 'ALT B . 'ABD A L - ' ~ L A
~ L - K A R A K ~(late 10th c e n t u r y ) : Commentary: marginal glosses b y A4mad b . Mu4ammad al-Tiin7 ( d .
Al-Bulgho f7 i'tibiir idhn a/-ImFm f7 mashrii'iyyot jolFt ol-;urnsa after 1071), MS: Milli 185811 in margin ( c a t . , X, pp.439-40)
MS: KhZligi ( c a t . , p . 103)
BASAN 'ALT B . 'ABD ALLAH AL-TU'STAR? ( d . 1075):
'ABD AL-'ALT AL-JAPALAQI: ~ i ~ i i f~
l o burmot g o i ~ oi-jurn'o
t f7 zomon 01-ghoybo, Persian
- Risiilo f7 goliit 01-jurn'o MS: Majlis 494315 ( c a t . , XIV, p . 198); Uuqfiq 811d ( c a t . , p.222)
MS: D i n i s h g i h 97211 ( c a t . , V, pp.2089-90)
- MUBAMMAD B . QASIM ( d . a f t e r 1068):
Risiilo d o r norniiz-i jurn'o, Persian
MS: D i n i s h g i h 97212 ( c a t . , V, pp.2090-1) RisZio d o r nomiiz-i jum'o, Persian
MS: RaQawi 6198 ( c a t . , p.804)
AL-MUJTAHID :
MUWAMMAD M U Q ~ MB . MUBAMMAD ' A L ~A L - Y A Z D ~ ( d . 1084):
Al-Bulgho fT 'odom 'oyniyyot jaliit 01-jurn'a
MS: G u l p i y i g i n i 14619 ( c a t . , I , p . 1 3 6 ) ; KhZligi ( c a t . , p p . 101-2) A/-uujja f7 wujiib joliit a/-jum'o
Edition: Yazd, n . d . ( t o g e t h e r with Ffusayn b.'Abd al-$amad's 01-'lqd
NOR ALLAH AL-TUSTAR?:
MS: Waziri 32015 ( c a t . , I , p.304)
Al-Lum'o 17galZt ol-jurn'o
MSS: Bakim 37515 ( N o s h . , V, p . 4 2 7 ) ; Khiligi ( c a t . , p.103) KHALTL B . GHAZI A L - Q A Z W ~ N ?( d . 1088):
'ABD ALLAH A L - T U S T A R ~: RisZilo f7 burmot golzt 01-jurn'o
MS: Los Angeles M1224 ( c a t . , p . 62)
Risiila d o r norniiz-i jurn'a, Persian
MS: (a p a r t of i t ) Raaawi 705514 ( c a t . , V , p.488) BAHA' AL-DIN MU~AMMAD BUSAM AL-MASHRIQT
B . M A I ~ M ~B ~. D
AL-NAJAFT ( d . a f t e r 1086):
'IMAD AL-DTN B. YOSUF (early 11th c e n t u r y ) :
RisFIo f7 joliit 01-jurn'o
RisZlo f7 joliit al-jurn'a MS: RaQawi 6466 ( c a t . , V , p.436)
MS: T e h r a n , Mubaddith Urmawi (AB, XV, p . 77)
AL-SABZAWAR~:
BAHA' AL-DTN AL'AMILT:
- RisFlo f7 joiiit a/-jurn'o
Risiilo f7 galZt a/-jurn'o MSS: Waziri 198015 ( c a t . , 111, p . 1116); ~ a r ' a s h i 303212 ( c a t . , v I I I ,
MS: D i r al-Kutub 20324b ( c a t . , I , p.391) pp.222-3); RaQawi 7150 ( c a t . , V , p . 4 3 5 ) ; Los Angeles MI19 ( c a t . ,
AL-DAMAD:
- Risiila d o r nomfi-i jum'o, Persian
Risiilo f7 joliit 01-jurn'a MSS: DZnishgih 441218 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3375); Tarbiyyat 3412 ( c a t . ,
Editions: T e h r a n , 1397 (in t h e e d i t o r ' s introduction t o h i s a/-QobasZt)
1401 (in t h e collection of IthnZ'ashor risiilo li 'I-DFrnFd)
'ALT RIQA B . KAMAL AL-DiN UUSAYN A L - A R D A K A N ~AL-SHTRAZY,
M U R T A QB~ . MUBAMMAD AL-J$USAYN~AL-SARAWT ( d . a f t e r 1049): AL-TAJALL~( d . 1085):
Jorn'o rnin mosZ'il 01-jurn'o Risiilo d a r nomiiz-i jum'o, Persian
MS: Mar'ashi 303211 ( c a t . , VIII, p.221)
 148 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION 149

MSS: Dinishgih 465912 ( c a t . , XIV, p.3603); Majli~5353 ( c a t . , XVI ~ i s i i l o,f7 galrSt 01-jum'o
p.263) MSS: Radawi 6465 ( c a t . , V, p.437); DZnishgZh 88819, 287512, 690511
904-7, X , p.1719, XVI, p.392); Waziri 126712 ( c a t . , 111,
AL-FAYQ : biyat 3412 ( c a t . , p.45); GawharshZd 86712 ( c a t . , p.346);
14618 ( c a t . , I , p.136); KhZlisi ( c a t . , p.68); DZr al-
- AbwZib 01-jiniin, Persian ~ u t u b20324 ( c a t . , I , p.391); Mashhad, Shinachi ( N o s h . , V, p.599)
MSS: Sipahsilir 2013 ( c a t . , I , p.351); GulpiyigZni 138313 ( c a t . , 11
p.252); Radawi 2422 ( c a t . , 11, p.65); Majlis 534118 ( c a t . , XVI, flZishiyo '015 rIsTilat 01-TGnT tT nofy w u j i i b galiit 01-jum'o, in refutation
p.253) of 'Abd AllZh alkTiini
MSS: Milli 185812 Arabic ( c a t . , X , p.440); Majlis 12813 ~ h u ' i( c a t . ,
- Al-ShihZib 01-thZiqib V I I , pp. 119-80); Los Angeles MI20412 ( c a t . , p.715)
Editions: Najaf, 1368 ; Beirut, 1403
MSS: Raoawi 6499 ( c a t . , V, p.464); Majlis 120111 K h u ' i ( c a t . , VII, IM B . MUWAMMAD JJUSAYN AL-TUYSIRKANT ( d . after
p.173); Adabiyyit 53 KirmZn ( c a t . , p.96); Los Angeles MI20413
(Cat., p.715); UstZdi, 2 MSS ( c a t . , p.64)
r
~ i s i i l o golot 01-jurn'o, in refutation of all three treatises by al-SarZb
MUJJAMMADT A Q B.
~ 'ABD ALLAH AL-KISHMTRT (d. after 1097): on this subject
MS: DZnishgZh 3552 (Cat., XII, p.2572)
-
RisZila fi w u j i i b galiit 01-jum'o
MSS: DZnishgZh 79011, 684612 ( c a t . , V, pp.2091-2, XVI, p.381); Risiilo ,+7golZit o l - j u m ' o , different from above
Majlis 9474 (pp.66-78) MS: AdabiyyZt 27514 Kirmin ( c a t . , p.43)
- Riszlo t7 golFt 01-jurn'o MTN AL-TONT (early 12th century):
MS: DinishgZh 79012 ( c a t . , V, p.2092)
Riszlo r golCt 01-jum'o, in refutation of al-Sarib's third treatise on this
MUUAMMAD TAHIR AL-QUMMI:
- 813 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p.441); DinishgZh 287513 ( c a t . ,
Jc' 01-boqq , Persian, in refutation of Khalil al-Qazwini ajlis 12814 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, pp.180-1)
MSS: Dinishgsh 97412 ( c a t . , V , pp.1184-5); Majlis 547013 ( c a t . ,
XVI, p.372) AL-KHWLNSART:
AMAL AL-DIN
-
Risiilo dor namzz-i jurn'o, Persian, in refutation of wasan 'A17 R i s 3 o dor nomZiz-i jurn'o, Persian
al-Tustari Selected MSS: Majlis 480511, 5431, 422 TabZtabZ'i, 1025 TabitabZ'i
MSS: Radawi 2422 (Cat., 11, pp.71-2); DiinishgZh 87417, 79013 ( c a t . , XIII, pp.202-3, XVI, p. 333); DZnishgih 209912, 3394, 441213,
( c a t . , V, pp.2092-4); Majlis 5470 ( c a t . , XVI, p.371) 4435, 465913, 690512 ( c a t . , VIII, p.726, XIII, pp.3375, 3394, XIV, p.
3606, XVI, p.393); Mashhad, Ilihiyyit ( c a t . , I , p.125); NawwZb
SALMAN B. K H A L ~ LAL-QAzw~NY(late 11th century): 13011 law ( c a t . , p.467); IlihiyyZt 20612d ( c a t . , I , p.259); Ustidi
A l ' U r w o 01-wuthqz li-wad' 01-boyro 01-'uCmZi ' o n ol-go[iit o l - w u s f ~ ( c a t . , p. 18); g5Qib al-Dhari'a (AB, XV, p.79)
f i ' I - g h a y b o 01-kubrz
MS: Waziri 223811 ( c a t . , IV, p.1214) AL-SAMAH~JT :
AL-MAJLIS~
11:
Al-QZimi'o l i ' I - b i d ' o fT t a r k goliit ol-jurn'o
MSS: Majlis 165 Khu'i ( c a t . , VI1, pp.207-9); Tustariyya 63318
Risiila fi g o l a ol-jurn'o
MSS: Majlis 534111 ( c a t . , XVI, p ,253); Dir al-Kutub 19179b ( c a t . , I ,
p.370) HidZiyot
MS: al-$irZr
Racjawi fi burrnot
6982 01-jam'
( c a t . , V, b o y n a / - ~ u h rwo ' I - j u m ' o
p. 530)

MUUAMMAD ISMA'TL B. MUJJAMMAD BAQIR AL-JJUSAYNf

AL-KHWATONABAD~( d . 1116):
AL-FAOIL AL-HINDT :
Risiilo ,f7 golzt 01-jum'a
Risiila t
7 golZit 01-jurn ' a
MSS: Majlis 276115 ( c a t . , IX, pp. 156-8)
MS: Majlis 305211 ( c a t . , X, pp.496-8)

ANONYMOUS (written in 1055-1110):

MUWAMMAD TAQT B . MUJJAMMAD ~ A D I QA L - M ~ S A WAL-QA'INT
~ ( d . after

Risiila d o r nornCz-i jum'o, Persian

- RisZiIa fT golFt ol-jum'o
MS: Los Angeles M395 ( c a t . , p.63) MS: Radawi 654411 ( c a t . , V, p.437)

AL-SARAB: Risiilo goliit a / - j u m ' o , in refutation of Muhammad Rafi' al-Gilini's

- critique of the previous treatise (see below)
RisZilo dar norniil-i jum'o, Persian, in refutation of ' ~ l ~
i i d - 5a l - ~ a j a l l i MS: Radawi 654415 ( c a t . , V, p.438)
MS: Dinishgih 465911 ( c a t . , XIV, p.3603)
150 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION
- Moqlila fT $alct 01-jum'a, in refutation of the second treatise by NoNYMOUS (written in 1191) :
al-Gilini (see below )
MS: Raaawi 654417 ( c a t . , V, p.438) Mos'olo f7 q i r Z ' o t FZtibot oi-Kitiib fi k h u l b o t galiit 01-jum'o
MS: Raaawi 274312 ( c a t . , V, p.439)
- Mas 'a10 ,t7 $aliit a / - j u m ' o , Persian
MS: RaGswi 654414 ( c a t . , V, p.438) UJJAMMAD JA'FAR B. ' A L ~ AQGHAR A L - A R D A S T ~ N(12th
~ century):

MUJJAMMAD RAFT' B. FARAJ AL-GTLANY (mid-12th c e n t u r y ) : Risiilo d o r b u r m a t - ; namiil-i j u m ' a , Persian

MS: Gulpiyigini 7 1 1 ( c a t . , 11, p.85)
- Risiilo f7 $01~301-jum'o, in refutation of Muhammad Taqi a l - Q i ' i n i ' s
f i r s t treatise
MSS: Rar,lawi 654412 (Cat., V, p.438); Majlis 12815 K h u ' i , 534112
( c a t . , VII, pp.281-2, XVI, p.253); Mar'ashi 303215 ( c a t . , VIII, Risiilo fT galiit 01-jum'a
p . 223) MSS: Ilzhiyyit 38517d ( c a t . , I , p.291); Majlis 572 ~ a b i t a b z ' i ;
Gulpiyigini 1870120 ( c a t . , 111, p . 9 2 ) ; Faydiyya 156514 ( c a t . , 111,
-
Mos'ola fT $alZt 01-jum'o, in refutation of al-Qi'ini's critique of
previous treatise
M S : Rnaowi 654416 ( c a t . , V, p.438) ARL ~- B A ~ R L(Nd .~ a f t e r 1206):
ALi B . M U ~ A M M A DA L - ' u ~ F ~ ~
BADR A L - ~ Nf B . IBRAHTM AL-NAYSABORT (mid-12th c e n t u r y ) : Koshf 01-royba an b u k m galiit 01-jum'o fi ozminot a/-ghoybo
MS: ~ a r ' a s h i2753 ( c a t . ,VII, p . 307)
RisZlo f7 goliit a / - j u m ' o , in refutation of al-Gilini's first treatise
MS: Ragawi 654413 ( c a t . , V, p.438) UUAMMAD B. MUIJAMMAD BALIIJ AL-RQIAFZA'T A L - D A M ~ W A N D ~
( d . after 1216):
ANONYMOUS:
Risiilo f7 g a l ~ i ta / - j u m ' o
Several anonymous treatises on the subject belonging to 11th o r early MSS: Mar'ashi 2286 ( c a t . , VI, p p . 271-2); ~ a r b a l i ' ,Madrasat JJasan
12th centuries: Khan (AB, XV, p.80)
- Soliit ol-jum'o wo abkZmuhZ fT zamon al-ghoybo
MS: IJuqTiq 55d ( c a t . , p.398) UJJSIN A L - A ' R A J ~ :
-
FZ'ido f7 b u r m a t golZt 01-jum'a fT roman 01-ghoybo Risiilo j7 golZt 01-jum'o
MS: Mar'ashi 303214 ( c a t . , VIII, p.222) MS: Khilisi ( c a t . , p.135)
- u u r m o t gaiiit 01-jum'a ABD AL-NAB? B. MUJJAMMAD 'ALi A L - Q A Z W ~ N(mid-12th
~ century):
MS: Sipahsilir 653017 ( c a t . , V, p p . 289-90)
Risiilo f7 go12 01-jum'o
- RisZlo dor burmot-i namiiz-i jum'o, Persian MS: Tehran, Mubit T a b i t a b i ' i (AB, XV, p.75)
MS: Dinishgih 653015 ( c a t . , XVI, p.286)
- Risiilo f7 galiit 01-jum'a JJMADB . MUJJAMMAD 'ALT AL-KIRMANSHXHT ( d . 1235):
MS: Khiligi ( c a t . , p.102) Kashf 01-royn wa 'I-mayn ' a n b u k m $aliit a / - j u m ' o wa 'Ik'Tdoyn
MS: Bankipore 1032 ( c a t . Arabic, I , p . 101)
-
Risiilo fT nofy al-wujiib o l ' o y n T ' o n 2alZt 01-jum'a
MS: Khilisi ( c a t . , p p . 102-3)
ASAN B. MUJJAMMAD ' A L ~AL-MUDARRIS A L - Y A Z D ~( d . after 1256):
BADR AL-DIN MUJJAMMAD AL-TABATABA'~ AL-YAZDI ( d . 1154): Lum'o min biil $oliit 01-jum'o fT zomon oi-ghoyba
RisZilo fT galZt 01-jum'o MS: Waziri 2083 ( c a t . , IV, p . 1154)
MS: Waziri 32019 ( c a t . , I , p.305)
UJJAMMAD B. DILDAR ' A L ~AL-NAQAWT AL-NA$'IR&B~DT
(d. 1284):
AL-KHWAJO 'i : Risiilo j7 $oliit aoijum'o
f7 $olZt 01-jum'a, a refutation of al-Fays's 01-Shihiib 01-thZqib
Risiilo MS: ~ a r ' a s h i316012 ( c a t . , VIII, p.391)
MSS: Majlis 375212 ( c a t . , X , p p . 1736-7); Dinishgih 710312 ( c a t . ,
XVI, p.455); ~ a r ' a s h i303213 ( c a t . , VIII, p.222); RawGZti ( A B , UVAMMAD B. 'ASHOR A L - K I R M ~ N S H A H ~ :
XXIV, p.269); Tabriz, Thiqat al-IslZm ( N o s h . , IV, p . 327) Soliit 01-jum'o = TabqTq a / - b a q q ?
MS: Mar'ashi 2575lfol. 30a-b ( c a t . , VII, p.165)
ANONYMOUS
AbkZm ~ a l i i 01-jum'o
t = JalZ' 01-shubohiit?
WolJzo f7 galzt ooljum'o MS: Mar'ashi 2575lfols. 164-185 ( c a t . , VII, p.165)
MS: Raoawi 274311 ( c a t . , V, pp.438-9)
 MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION
152 A N I N T R O D U C T I O N TO s ~ i ' LAW
i
MS: Majlis 58018 Akhawi (WahTd, V, p.299)
MUJJAMMADN A ~ B.
~ RMUUAMMAD MA'SUM AL-BARFUROSHT (late 13th
century) :
Mir '?it 01-mugalliii Risiila fi 'I-sahw alladhT lam yudhkar fi 'I-kutub 01-mashhura
MS: Mar'ashi 1585 ( c a t . , IV, p.390) MS: British Library O r . 353012 (Rieu, p . 213)

MUJJAMMAD T A Q ~AL-SH~RAZT:
Risiila f7 galiit a/-jum'a, his lectures compiled by Muhammad Kivim QawEbit 01-khams
al-Shiriizi Edition: Tehran, 1300 (in the margin of Ibn Fahd's Ghiiyat a/-TjZz)
Edition: Tehran, 1323 (together with the author's VCshiyat a/-Makiislb MSS: Milli 192212 Arabic ( c a t . , X , p ,591) ; India Office 1835 (cat. ,
11, p.321); Dinishgih 79213 ( c a t . , V, p.1944)
AL-BURDJIRDT:
A/-Badr a/-zEhir f7 galat 01-jum'a wa 'I-musiifir, his lectures compiled UUAMMAD TT\HIR AL-QUMMT :
by uusayn 'Ali al-Muntaviri Riszla d a r shakkiyyiic, Persian
Edition: Qum, 1378 MS: Qum, 'Riihini (Ashnii'T , I , p.448)

11. ON ERRORS IN PRAYER

ANONYMOUS (presumably by either al-'Allama o r FaKhr al-Muhaqqiqin): Risiila d a r shakkiyyzt , Persian
MS: Raaawi 6651 ( c a t . , V, p.433); Fayoiyya 166513 ( c a t . , 111,
A 1-Khalal fi 'I- galiit p . 113); IgfahZn, Adabiyyat ( N a s h . , V, p.304)
MS: Majlis 4953113 ( c a t . , X I V , P.231)

A L - S H P HD~ AL-AWWAL:
Abkiim-i shakk wa sohw d a r namzz, Persian
Kholal a/-$01~2 Selected MSS: Faydiyya 174714 ( c a t . , 111, p.128); Mar'ashi 18712,
Edition: Tehran, 1322 (together with his 01-Bay%) 160212, 168311, 303415 ( c a t . , I , p.206, V, p p . 5, 78, VIII, p.225);
Milli 185413f ( c a t . , IV, p.313); Radawi 6044, 6702 (Binish, p.804)
IBN FAIID:
- Bughyat 01-riighibTn - RisTila fT kathTr 01-shakk JJAYDAR ' A L ~A L - S H T R W ~ N ~ :
MS: Jawidayn (AB, 111, p . 132) A/-Khalal fi 'I-$alft
- Al-Khalol fi 'I-galzt = a/-Sahwiyya MSS: Danishgih 429212 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3262); India Office 1840
MS: al-ImZm al-Mahdi (Mahffi~11, p . 212) ( c a t . , 11, p.323)

M U F L I ~AL-SAYMART: MUJJAMMADASHRAF B. 'ABD AL-BASTB A L - ~ U S A Y N (~d . 1145):

Risiila j7 sahw 01-golzt 01-yawmiyya RisEla dor kholil-i ~ a l i i t ,Persian
MS: Majlis 6405 ( c a t . , XVI, p.309) MS: Dinishgih 589416 ( c a t . , XVI, p.137)

A L - K A R A K ~: BASAN B. IBRLHTMA L - N A J M ~ B ~ (~dD. ~around 1284):

Khalal a/-$alEt Al-Khalal fi 'I-qal5t
Edition: Tehran, 1322 (together with al-Shahid al-Awwal's a/-BayEn) MS: Tustariyya (AB, VII, p.249)
Selected MSS: Radawi 2358, 2448, 6980 ( c a t . , 11, P p . 53, 73, V,
p.418); Gawharshid 165513 ( c a t . , p.296); Uuqiiq 5613d ( c a t . , p.336 J J U S A Y N Q U L ~B . RAMAPAN AL-HAMADANT ( d . 1311):
Majlis 634218; Ilihiyyit 10614d ( c a t . , I , p . 235); SipahsZlZr 291314, Khalal a/-golzt
818014 ( c a t . , IV, pp.64, 395); Milli 119013 Arabic ( c a t . , IX, p . 176); MS: Tustariyya (AB, IV, p.372, VII, p.249)
Mar'ashi 100315, 146613, 226113 ( c a t . , 111, p.199, IV, p.258, VI,
p . 2 4 6 ) ; Masjid-i A'zam 44515; Tustariyya (AB, XII, p . 267, XIV, AL-ASHTIYLNT:
p . 212) ; Princeton 97613 New Series
Al-Khalal fi ' I - ~ o l t t , a s a commentary on the relevant discussion in
AL-QAT~F~: al-Muhaqqiq's Sharf'i' 01-lsliim
MSS: Radawi 7741 (Binish, p.871); S h i r i z i (AB, VII, p.249)
~ l - ~ i & ia/-Najafiyyo
a f7 sahw 01-$alFt a/-yawrniyyo
MSS: Majlis 939812, 5405 ( c a t . , XVI, p.309); Radawi 1449, 2448 (cat AL-FISHARAKT - Muhammad b . QZsim al-Tabitabii'i ( d . 1316-18)
11, p.103); Khiligi ( c a t . , p . 100); Rawdiiti (AB, XI, pp.227-8)
RisFlo f7 qz'idat lE tu 'Ed
AL-SHAHTD AL- THAN^ : Edition: Qum, 1393 (in Mu4ammad HZdi Ma'rifa's MadTth lE t u ' i d )
Al-Khalal fi 'I-$alzt
 AN INTRODUCTION TO ~ H f ' iLAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OFDEVOTION 155
154
$IF AL-QARTR - 'Abd al-Wihld b . Mul?ammad Uasan (13th c e n t u r y ) :
MUIJAMMAD UUSAYN AL-KHWZNSAR~:
Riscilo f7 toqdTm a/-fowci'it 'olo 'I-bawcip'ir
RisZlo fi 'I-shakk boyn 01-rok'atayn al-iiloyayn
MS: Mar'ashi3041110 ( c a t . , VIII, p.245) MS: Mar'ashi 227812 ( c a t . , VI, p . 2 6 4 )

AL-YAZDT :
IJMAD B. MU$TAFA AL-KHU'AYNT, MULLA AQA ( d . 1307):
MujF 01-shar7'o f7 mas 'alat 01-top'yTq wo 'I-towsa'a
Risiilo j'7 bukm a/-gann fi 'I-golcit wo baycin koyfiyyat $olot 01-ibtiyzr
Edition: T e h r a n , 1378 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s HZjshiyot 01-Makcisib) MS: Mar'ashi 3676 ( c a t . , X, p . 69)

3. ON TRAVELLER'S PRAYER
MUJJAMMAD T A Q ~AL-SHTRAZT:
Abkiim 01-Kholol fi 'I-$alZit, h i s l e c t u r e s compiled b y MuQammad k i v i
al-Shirazi
Edition: T e h r a n , 1323 ( t o g e t h e r with t h e a u t h o r ' s HZshiyot a/-MokZs Fowa'id f7 golZt a/-rnusFfir
MSS: D i n i s h g i h 2144lpp. 81-6 ( c a t . , IX, p.806) ; Princeton 193513
AL-KHUMAYNT:
K . a/-Khaiol fi 'I-golcit AL-SHAHID
AL- THAN^ :
Edition: Qum, 1399
NotZ'ij 01-ofkZr j'7 bukm 01-muqk fi 'I-asfZr, included in h i s Mojrnii'ot
01-ifZdZt (see a b o v e , c h a p t e r 5)
12. ON PRAYER OF OMISSION

MUNTAJAB AL-DTN ' A L ~B . 'UBAYD ALLAH A L - R Z Z ~( d . a f t e r 585): BAWL'A L - D ~ N A L - ' A M I L ~ :

Risiilo fi 'I-tokhy7r boyn 01-qogr wa 'I-itrncm fi 'I-omcikin 01-arbo'o
Al-'U$ro fi 'I-rnuwiiso'o f7 qop'ci' 01-$alawcit
MSS: D i n i s h g i h 918114 ( c a t . , V , p . 1968); Majlis 1805154, 4900150
MS: ~ a r ' a s h i(AB, X V , p.271)
( c a t . , IX, pp.356-7, XIV, p . 7 5 )
'ABD ALLAH A L - T U S T A R ~ :
VAYDAR 'ALT AL-SHTRWANT:
Risi;lo j'7 jowcir a/-fZ'ito f7 woqt 01-bcp'iro, included i n h i s 01-Rosii'il
u o d d ol-moscifa oolrniijiba li 'I-qagr wo 'I-iftiir
( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5)
MSS: D i n i s h g i h 429213 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3262); India Office 1841 ( c a t . ,
ANONYMOUS (belonging to early 13th c e n t u r y ) :
Riscilo f1'1-rnuwciso'o wo 'I-rnup'ciyoqo $ADR AL-DTN MUIJAMMAD B . MUUAMMAD B . 'ALf a l - R A P A W ~
MS: Princeton 64511 New Series AL-KASFIANT (mid-12th c e n t u r y ) :
Muntohci a/-rnarzm ffi 'I-qagr wo 'I-itmcm
$AUIB AL-MAQABIS: MSS: RaQawi 5725 ( c a t . , V, p.519); K i s h i n , RaQawi 60 ( c a t . ,
Monhoj 01-tobqrq fi 'I-towso'a wa 'I-top'yrq
MSS: Majlis 400 T a b a t a b i ' i ; RaQawi 1996 ( c a t . , V , p . 368)
$ADR AL-DiN MUUAMMAD AL-TABATABA'~ AL-YAZDf :
NA$R ALLAH B . JJASAN A L - [ ~ U S A Y N ~A L - A S T A R A B X D ~ ( d . a f t e r 1255)
'Uddat ol-musZfirTn
RisZila f i 'I-rnuwiisa'o wo 'I-rnup'ciyoqo MS: Waziri 320110 ( c a t . , I , p.305)
MSS: S i p a h s i l i r 2527, 2554 ( c a t . , I , p . 437)
SHUBBAR B . MUJJAMMAD AL-MUSAWT AL-NAJAFT:
AL-ANSARI RisZilo fi 'I-qogr wo 'I-itmZrn
- RisZlo f i 'I-rnuwZso'o wo 'I-rnup'Zyoqa MS: DZnishgih 3978 ( c a t . , XII, p . 2973)
Editions: T a b r i z , 1303 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s K . 01-Tohiiro), 1375 (togethe
with h i s K . a/-Mokcisib) A B U 'L-QASIM JA'FAR B . U U S A Y N A L - M ~ S A WA~L - K H W Z N S A R ~
MS: DanishgZh 695612 ( c a t . , XVI, p.411) ( d . 1158):
Commentary' b y 'Abd Allih al-Mimaqini, edited Najaf, 1345 ( i n h i s
01-QalZ'id a/-thomTna) Riscilo d a r abkZm-i rnusZfir, Persian
MS: Danishgih 260314 ( c a t . , IX, p . 1458)
- RisZlo fi 'I-qaQ'ci' 'on al-moyyit
Editions: T a b r i z , 1303 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s K . ai-Tahciro), 1375 MUUAMMAD B. AIJMAD AL-BAURANi ( d . 1186):
together with h i s K . a/-Makcsib)
Mir'Zt oolakhycir f7 obkZm 01-asfir
MS: D i n i s h g i h 695615 ( c a t . , XVI, p.411)
MS: DZnishgih 725 ( c a t . , V , pp.2008-9)
156 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H T ' ~ LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OFDEVOTION 157

BAYR A L ' U L U M : p . 131); Mashhad, 1lihiyyZ.t 50311 ( c a t . , I , p . 267); Amir al-Mu'minin

(AB, XXIV, p.386)
Mablogh 01-nolor f7 b u k m qcisid 01-arbo'a min mosci'il 01-sofor
Edition: Cairo, 1 3 2 4 5 (in Jawid a l ' i i m i l i ' s Miftcib oolkorCmino, 111,
p p . 501-43)
RisZlo d o r 2okcit , Persian
AL-AN$ART: MS: Tustariyya (AB, XII, p.40)
Riscilo f7 $olCt a/-muscifir
MS: Dinishgih 757 ( c a t . , V , p.1864)
Mishkcit 01-hudcit
A B TALIB
~ B. A B T
~ U R I ~ABL - Y U S A Y NAL-QA'INT
~ ( d . 1293-5): MS: D5nishgZ.h 334113 ( c a t . , XI, p.2330)
s o l 3 01-muscifir
Edition: Mashhad, 1318
- K . a / - Zokiit
kIUSAYN Q U L ~AL-HAMADANT: Edition: T a b r i z , 1303 (together with his K . 01-Tohcirol
MSS: Faydiyya 1002, 1345 ( c a t . , I , p p . 70, 135); Malik 6089 ( c a t . , I ,
solcit 01-musiifir, his lectures compiled by one of his pupils
MS: Tustariyya (AB, IV, p.372, X V , p.83)
- K . 01-Zokcit, his lectures compile'd by Yasan 'Ali al-Tihrini al-Mashhadi
A L - R A S H T ~: MS: Gawharshid 5834 ( c a t . , p.241)
Soliit 01-musiifir, his lectures compiled by one of his pupils
MS: Gharb 9871 (Cat., p . 159)
- K . 01-Zakiit
'ABD ALLAH B . MUUAMMAD N A ~ AL-MAZANDARANT
~ R ( d . 1330): MSS: Majlis 2838 ( c a t . , X , p.164); Tustariyya 616 ( c a t . , p.800)
salcit ol-musiifir -
K . 01-ZakCt, his lectures compiled by one of his pupils
MS: ZanjZni 114 ( c a t . , p.240) MS: Gharb 4527 ( c a t . , p.77)

A L - B U R ~ J I R D:~ HAD^ AL-TIHRANT :

Al-Bodr 01-zcihir iT $alCt 01-jum'o wo 'I-musiifir (see above, monograph K . 01-ZakCt
on Friday prayer) MSS: Majlis 275512 ( c a t . , IX, p.143); Tustariyya 34411 ( c a t . ,

ALMS 2. SPECIFIC

1. GENERAL

MUYAMMAD TAHIR AL-QUMMi : Riscilo f7 istithnci' 01-rno'ijno min a/-zokcit

MS: Mar'ashi 198613 ( c a t . , V, p.358)
Riscilo dor zokiit , Persian
MSS: DZnishgZh 410816 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3088); Faydiyya 168914 ( c a t . , AL-KIRMANSHAH~:
111, p.118)
Risiilo f i 'I-mo'iina ol-mustothnFt min 01-rakiSi
MS: Yujjatiyya 261111 ( c a t . , p.103)
AL-BURR AL'AMILT:
U r j i z o f i 'I-zokct
MSS: Majlis 1113 Khu'i ( c a t . , VIl, p . 9 ) ; Gulpiyig5ni 32717 ( c a t . , I ,
p.282)
RisciloiT i s t i t h n i i ' 01-mo'ina wo u j r o t 01-bo$$iid min a / - r o k i i t , included
in both his JawCmimi'01-rasii'il and his 01-Rasci'il (see above, chapter 5)
ABU 'L-QASIM JA'FAR B . IJUSAYN AL-KHWANSART:
AIJMAD B. ' A L ~MUKHTAR AL-GULPAYIGANT ( d . a f t e r 1264):
Zokcitiyya, Persian
MS: Fayaiyya 1807 ( c a t . , 11, p.67)
Riscilo f i 'I-towkTI f7 ikhrcij 01-zokiit
MS: Mar'ashi 349414 ( c a t . , IX, pp.291-2)
MLIUAMMAD B. MUUAMMAD ZAMAN AL-KASHANT: 'ABD AL-HAD? B. ISMA'TL AL-VUSAYNI
AL-SHTRAZY ( d . 1382):
N i r a/-hudii
MSS: Majlis 196616 ( c a t . , IX, p.681); Niirbakhsh, 10813 ( c a t . , I , Al-Qofro IT rokcit a a l f i t r o , his lectures compled by 'Ali al-Mubarnrnadi
Edition: Najaf, 1380
156 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION 157

BAPR A L ' U L O M : p . 131); Mashhad, Ilihiyyat 50311 (Cat., I , p . 267); Amir al-Mu'minin
(AB, XXIV, p.386)
Moblagh 01-nozor f7 b u k m @$id 01-orbo'o m i n m o s i i ' i l a / - s o f a r
Edition: Cairo, 1 3 2 4 5 (in Jawad al-'Amili's MiftCb a o l k a r C m o , 111,
pp.501-43)
, Persian
RisClo d a r z o k i i t
AL-AN$ART: MS: Tustariyya (AB, XII, p.40)
Risiilo f7 $aiCt a/-musCfir
MS: DZnishgah 757 (Cat., V, P. 1864)
M i s h k C t 01-hudiir
ABO TALIB B. A B TURAB
~ A L - ~ U S A Y N A~ L - Q A ' I N ~ ( d . 1293-5): MS: DZnishgXh 334113 ( c a t . , XI, p.2330)
SalCt 01-musCfir
Edition: Mashhad, 1318
- K . 01- ZOkiit
~ U ~ A YQ NU L ~AL-HAMADANT : Edition: Tabriz, 1303 (together with his K . a/-Tohr7ra)
MSS: Faydiyya 1002, 1345 ( c a t . , I , Pp. 70, 135); MaIik 6089 ( c a t . , I ,
SolCt ol-musCfifir, his lectures compiled by one of his pupils
MS: Tustariyya (AB, IV, p.372, XV, p.83)
- K . a / - Z o k i i t , his lectures compiled by IJasan 'Ali al-TihrZni al-Mashhadi
A L - R A S H T ~: MS: Gawharshad 5834 ( c a t . , p . 241)
SalCt 01-musiifir, his lectures compiled by one of his pupils
MS: Gharb 9871 ( c a t . , p.159)
- K . a/-Zakiit
'ABD ALLAH B . MUVAMMAD N A $ ~ A
RL - M A Z A N D A R A N ~( d . 1330): MSS: Majlis 2838 ( c a t . , X, p.164); Tustariyya 616 ( c a t . , p.800)
Soiiit a/-musiifir - K . 01-ZakCt, his lectures compiled by one of his pupils
MS: Zanjzni 114 ( c a t . , p.240) MS: Gharb 4527 ( c a t . , p.77)

AL-BUROJIRD~: HADT AL-TIHRANT :

A l - B a d r 01-zzhir f7 galiit a / - j u m ' o wo ' I - m u s z f i r (see above, monographs K . 01-ZakCt
on Friday prayer) MSS: Majlis 275512 ( c a t . , IX, p . 143); Tustariyya 34411 ( c a t . ,

ALMS 2. SPECIFIC

1. GENERAL
RisCla fT i s t i t h n z ' 01-mo'ijna m i n a/-zakCt
M U ~ I A M M A DTAHIR AL-QUMMT: MS: Mareashi 198613 ( c a t . , V, p.358)
RisZilo d o r z o k z t , Persian
MSS: Danishgih 410816 ( c a t . , XIII, p . 3088); Faydiyya 168914 ( c a t . , AL-KIRMANSHXH~:
111, p.118) R i s z l a fi ' I - m a ' u n o a / - m u s t o t h n C t m i n 01-rokCt
MS: Bujjatiyya 261111 ( c a t . , p . 103)
AL-BURR AL-'.%MILT :
UriZzo fi 'I-zokzt
MSS: Majlis 1113 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, p . 9 ) ; Gulpiyigani 32717 ( c a t . , I ,
RisZilo ,f7 i s t i t h n z ' o l - m a ' i i n o wa u j r a t ol-bos$Cd m i n 01-zokCt, included
p.282) in both his Jowiimimi'01-rosC'il and his a / - R a s C ' i l (see above, chapter 5)
ABU 'L-QASIM JA'FAR B. BUSAYN A L - K H W A N S X R ~ : AIJMAD B. 'AL? MUKHTAR AL-GULPAYIGANi ( d . after 1264):
Z o k i i t i y y o , Persian RisClo f i ' I - t o w k T I f7 i k h r z j 01-rokCt
MS: Faydiyya 1807 ( c a t . , 11, p.67)
MS: Mareashi 349414 ( c a t . , IX, pp.291-2)
MUUAMMAD B . M U I ~ A M M A DZAMAN AL-KASHANT: AL-SHIRAZT
'ABD AL-HAD7 B. ISMA'TL A L - ~ ~ U S A Y N T ( d . 1382):
Niir a/-hudz
MSS: Majlis 196616 ( c a t . , IX, p.681); Niirbakhsh, 10813 ( c a t . , I , Al-Qofro f7 z o k i i t o l - f i t r a , his lectures compled by 'Ali al-Mubammadi
Edition: Najaf, 1380
158 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H ? ' ~LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION 159

KHUMS MSS: Diinishgiih 112215 ( c a t . , V , p p . 1876-7); Mar'ashi 252513 ( c a t . ,

1. GENERAL
AL-KIRMANSHAH~ :
JJUSAYN AL-KHWANSAR~:
Magraf-i r a d d - i mo&i/im, Persian
Risiila d a r k h u m s , Persian MS: S i p a h s i l i r 244211 ( c a t . , I , p . 5 0 5 )
MS: DZnishgih 1801 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 3 7 5 )
ANONYMOUS:
AL-KHwAJO'T: RisZila fT i r t i r i i q a / - q i i g wa 'I-foqTh min sahm 01-imim
Risiilo f i ' I - k h u m s MS: Diinishgih 111912 ( c a t . , V, pp.1889-90)
MSS: Faygiyya 118618 ( c a t . , 111, p . 6 5 ) ; Mashhad, AdabiyyZt 2611
F a y y i d ( c a t . , p . 211) MUVAMMAD RAJJiM A L - B U R O J I R D ~ :
I t h b i i t a / - s i y z d o li '1-muntasobTn ilZ H z s h i m umman
AL-AKHBARI :
MSS: Ragawi 5850-1 ( B i n i s h , p . 783)
TawfTr a / - k h u m s
MS: Diinishgiih 334114 ( c a t . , XI, p . 233) MUJJAMMAD JJUSAYN A L - K H W A N S A R ~ :

AL-ANSART:
Risiila fT t a ' a l l u q 01-khums bi-majmii' a/-arbiib
MS: M a r c a s h i 304111 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 2 4 1 )
K . 01-Khums
Edition: T a b r i z , 1303 ( t o g e t h e r with his K . a / - T a h i i r a ) 'ABD ALLAH AL-MAMAQANT :
MSS: F a y j i y y a 1002, 1345 ( c a t . , I , p p . 135, 170); Malik 6089 ( c a t . ,
H i d i i y a t 01-an5m fT f u k m amwiil a / - i m i i m
I , p . 5 5 0 ) ; D i n i s h g i h 6956 ( c a t . , XVI, p.411) Edition: T a b r i z , 1321

RABAT JJUSAYN AL-RAQAWf AL-GOPALPORT ( d . a f t e r 1372):

RisZila d o r k h u m s , Persian
R i i f i ' 01-ibhcm ' a n w i l i i y a w a maziirif sahm 01-imiim
MS: Mar'ashi (AB, VII, p.255)
Edition: Locknow, 1372
FAYYAP B . MUVAMMAD A L - Z A N J ~ N (~d . 1360):
D h a k h i i ' i r 01-imiima FASTING
Edition: T e h r a n , 1359
1. GENERAL

Z u b d a t 01-maa;l, h i s l e c t u r e s compiled b y 'Abbiis Abli Turiibi

IBRAHTM B . 'ALf AL-KAF'AMf ( d . 905):
al-Qazwini Manhai 01-saliima
Edition: Qum, 1380 MS: Majlis 276412 ( c a t . , IX, p . 168)

MUUAMMAD HADT B . JA'FAR AL-JJUSAYNT AL-M'ILANT ( d . 1395) : AL-KARAKI

:
K . a/-Khums Risiila d o r gawm, Persian
Edition: Mashhad, 1400 MS: Diinishgih 359715 ( c a t . , XV, p.4240)

IJUSAYN ' A L ~A L - M U N T A Z I R ~ :
K . 01-Khums Risiila f i 'I-gawm
Edition: Qum , i1402? I MSS: Milli 1919112 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p . 5 8 5 ) ; Ragawi 2437 ( c a t . , 11,

2. SPECIFIC
ANONYMOUS (written before 963):
AL-DAMAD :
S a w m i y y a , Persian
I t h b i i t a / - s i y i i d o li-mon y a n t o s i b i l i i H i i s h i m umman MS: Radawi 2491 ( c a t . , 11, p . 8 7 )
MS: Milli 2360f ( c a t . , V, p . 4 8 3 )
BAHA' AL-DTN AL-'&MILT:
M A J J M ~BD. FATJJ ALLAH AL-IJUSAYNf AL-KAZIMT ( d . a f t e r 1079): Mas ' o l a f i 'I-gawm
Risiilo Tj w u j i j b a / - k h u m s bZ1 istit;? a / - l m i i m MSS: Dinishgiih 918111 ( c a t . , V , p p . 1796-7); Majlis 1805157, 4900153
( C a t . , IX, p p . 3 5 8 - 9 , XIV, p . 7 6 )
 MONOGRAPHS ON A C T S O F DEVOTION

2. ON TIME O F F A S T I N G
RisClo f i 'I-giyiirn
MSS: Y u j j a t i y y a 70012 ( c a t . , p . 1 2 1 ) ; L o s A n g e l e s M9314 ( c a t . , p . 661
Al-Radd ' o l Z o$@Zbaik'adad
Edition: Q u m , 1398 ( i n ' A l i b . M u r a m m a d a l k C A m i l i ' s01-Durr 01-
K . a/-Sowm m o n t h i i r , 11, p p . 122-34)
MS: Malik ( A B , XV, p . 9 9 ) S e l e c t e d MSS: M a r ' a s h i 24318, 255115, 7818 ( c a t . , I , p p . 9 2 , 268, 285);
Majlis 8117 K h u ' i ( c a t . , V I I , p p . 184-5)
AL-AKWBART:
T a k h J 7 ~ol-06kZm f l masC'il a/-siyfm
MS: D i n i s h g i h 334115 ( c a t . , X I , p . 2 3 3 0 ) Al-Rodd '015 usbcTb ol- ' a d a d = Risi7io f7 n u g r a t a/-qawl b i ' I - r u ' y o
MSS: R a a a w i 144813 ( c a t . , 11, p . 3 8 ) ; D i n i s h g i h 108014 ( c a t . , 111,
'ALT AL KASHIF AL-GHITA': p . 6 1 2 ) ; S a h i b a l - D h a r i ' a ( A B , X , p . 185)
RisZIa f i ' I - ~ o w m MUUAMMAD$ALI!$ B . 'ABD AL-WASI' AL-KHWATDNABAD~:
MS: Buriijirdi (AB, XI, p.206)
u u k m a/-b<kirn b i - i h u b i i t oIkhil6l
MUYAMMAD TAQT AL-NURT : MSS: Majlis 305213 ( c a t . , X , p . 4 9 9 ) ; Milli 191912 A r a b i c ( c a t . , X ,
p . 5 7 8 ) ; T a b r i z , Q i a i ( N a s h . , V I I , p . 5 1 1 ); B u r u j i r d i ( A B , X I ,
Al-Risc'lo a / - ~ a w r n i y y o ,P e r s i a n
MSS: B u r Z j i r d i ( A B , X I , p . 2 0 5 ) ; D Z n i s h g i h 718111 ( c a t . , X V I ,
p.4771

ANONYMOUS ( w r i t t e n i n 1 2 5 8 ) : R u ' v a t a/-hi161 aabl 01-zawC1

MSG ~ i n i s h ~ 8817,
i h 185912, 286511, 690513, 720411 ( c a t . , V , p . 1 9 2 1 ,
K . 01-Sowm V I I I , p . 4 5 9 , X , p . 1 7 1 2 , X V I , p p . 3 9 3 , 4 8 6 ) ; M a r ' a s h i 47814, 1490112+
MS: N a j a f , M a d r a s a t al-Sadr ( A B , XV, p . 99) 17 ( c a t . , 11, p . 8 3 , I V , p p . 1 8 9 , 1 9 2 ) ; A d a b i y y Z d 70113d ( c a t . , p p .
299-300)
ANONYMOUS:
Ris<la-yi gowmiyya, P e r s i a n
Edition: H a m a d i n , 1249 Ris6la fi to'yTn g h u r r a t Ramap'Zn in m5 i d h 6 ghummat s h u h i i r 01-sono
kulluhZ
MS: D i n i s h g i h 720318 ( c a t . , X V I , p . 4 8 6 )
K . 01-Sawm
E d i t i o n : T a b r i z , 1303 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s K . 01-TahZro) MUYAMMAD J A ' F A R B . MUYAMMAD B A Q I R A L - S A B Z A W A R ~ :
MSS: F a y a i y y a 1002, 1345 ( c a t . , I , p p . 70, 1 3 5 ) : Malik 6089 ( c a t . R u ' y a t alkhilZ1 qabl 01-zawC1
p . 550) MSS: D Z n i s h g i h 1866 ( c a t . , V I I I , p . 7 4 2 ) ; M a r ' n s h i 47811 ( c a t . , 11,
p.82)
MUUAMMAD BAQIR AL-TABRTZT (late 13th c e n t u r y ) :
MUUAMMAD R A J J ~ MB . MUUAMMAD J A ' F A R A L - S A B Z A W ~ R (mid-12th
~
Al-sawrniyya,
century) :
MS: Raoawi 2756 ( B i n i s h , p . 8 1 9 )
u u k m r u ' y a t 01-hilol qabl a/-zawZl
YASAN B . IBRAHTM A L - N A J M T \ B A D ~ : MS: G a w h a r s h i d 146711 ( c a t . , p . 4 3 4 )
K . a/-Sawm
MS: T u s t a r i y y a CAB, X V , p . 9 9 )
RisCla f7 'adom a / - i C t i d Z db i ' I - r u ' y o qaul 01-raw51
MUYAMMAD HASHIM A L - K H W A N S A R ~ : MSS: R a d a w i 8219 ( c a t . , V , v . 4 4 2 ) ; G u l p i v i g i n i 1870110 ( c a t . , 111,
RisZla dar $owm, P e r s i a n
E d i t i o n s : I s f a h i i n , 1310, 1317 ( i n h i s Majmu'a-yi shish r i s 6 l a )
+9 ABU 'L-QASIM B . BASAN A L - M ~ S A W( ~1 3 t h c e n t u r y ) .
Hukm r u ' y a t 01-hi151 qabl 01-zawC1
MS: F a y d i y y a 1189117 ( c a t . , 111, p . 6 6 )

Rayb<nat 01-gudiir, P e r s i a n
 MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION 163

MS: S i p a h s i l i r 2536 ( c a t . , I , p.417) BD ALLAH AL-MAMAQANT

:
Hukm 01-rnusiifara li-man 'aloyh qa&' Romarjcn ma' f l q 01-woqt
' A L ~B . 'ABD ALLAH AL-'ALYAR~: Edition: Najaf, 1344 (in h i s 01-lthnli'ashariyyo)
Minhiij 01-najiit = S h o r b mobboth r u ' y a t 01-hiliil min 01-Rowdo
al-bahiyya
Edition: T a b r i z , 1309 SECLIISION

3. ON OTHER TOPICS
UTF ALLAH B . 'ABD A L - K A R ~ M
AL-MAYST AL-'.~LMIL~:
AL-SHAIITD AL-AWWAL:
A/-l'tikiifiyyo = Mii' a/-boyZt wa $liF 01-furzt
JawZz ibdZ' al-sofar f7 s h a h r Rarnadiin MS: Raaawi 2244 ( c a t . ; 11, p . 1 1 ) ; B u r u j i r d i (see AX, XIX, pp.11-12)
MSS: illajlis 4566111 ( c a t . , XII, p . 2 6 3 ) ; Radawi 7735 ( B i n i s h , p.809)
Zanjin ( c a t . , p . 137) UVAMMAD JA'FAR AL-ASTARABADT :
Al-Koflif fl rnosli'il a/-i'tiktif
IBN FAHD:
MS: Marcashi 170312 ( c a t . , V , p.97)
Mas'ala f j 'I-ibbZL wa 'I-tofkTr wo bukrn 01-sowm 1 d h 5 ~ r t o d d01-sZ',m
MS: Majlis 2750.4 ( c a t . , IX, p.126)
'HAJJ
'ABD ALLAH A L - T U S T A R ~:
Toyawwu' al-$awm li-man 'aiayh 01-far?@, 1. GENERAL
included in h i s alkRas6'il
( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5)
FAKHR A L - M U I ~ A Q Q I Q ~ N :
[{USAYN B . JJAYDAR A L - J J U S A Y N ~ AL-KARAKi (mid-11th c e n t u r y ) : Wiiiibiit 01-hajj
Ishtiriit 'fibbat 01-sawm a/-wlijibbi 'I-yhusl min 01-jinzba MSS: D i n i s h g i h 102213 ( c a t . , V, p . 1871); Mar'ashi 330713 ( c a t . , IX,
MS: Majlis 4865 ( c a t . , XIII, pp.302-3)
AL-SHAHTD AL-AWWAL:
RAPT AL-DiN MUUAMMAD B . kIASAN AL-QAZWfNf ( d . 1096):
Mos'alo flT$Cl 01-ghibiir 01-yholT~ilo 'I-balq fi 'I-$awm KhulZ$at a/-i'tibiir ffi 'I-baij wa 'I-i'timiir
MS: ~ a r ' a s h i14091fols. 121b-126a ( c a t . , IV, p.193) Edition: Sidon, 1348 (in al-Amin al-'xmili's Mo'iidin a/-jowiihir, I ,

MSS: SinZ 41716 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 5 0 ) ; T e h r a n , Mubit T a b i t a b i ' i (AB,

'ABD ALLAH B . 'ALT AL-BAYMART (11th c e n t u r y ) :
VII, p.214)
Mandiib 01-$iylirn
MS: Majlis 276119 ( c a t . , IX, p.160) IBN FAWD:

SHUBBAR B . MUBAMMAD A L - M ~ S A W
AL-NAJAFf:
~ - KiGyat 01-mubtTii
MS: Los Angeles MI31313 ( c a t . , p.724)
Al-lrtimiis fi 'I-$awm
MS: D i n i s h g i h 720012 ( c a t . , XVI, p.485) - Moniisik a/-baii
MSS: Los Angeles MI31312 ( c a t . , p . 724); Radawi 2372 ( c a t . , 11, p.49)
AL-QUMMT:
-
Risiiia ,f7 tabd7d waqt iftiir 01-mus6fir
Risiila fi 'I-baii wo 'I-'urnra
-
RisZlo F bukm man ainab laylot al-$iyzm MSS: Ilihiyyzt 14213d ( c a t . , I , p.246); Milll 195717f, 119012 Arabic
Both included in h i s Jawlirni' 01-RasZ'il ( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5 ) ( c a t . , IV, p.430, IX, p.175); Majlis 433919 ( c a t . , XII, p . 4 1 ) ;
D i n i s h g i h 717712 ( c a t . , XVI, p.475); Radawi 2641 ( c a t . , 11, pp.132-3)
ANONYMOUS:
ANONYMOUS (written before 947):
R i s h f7 niuftiriyyot a/-dukhzn
- WFjibFt a/-hajj wo 'I-'umra
MS: G u l p i y i g s n i 76312 ( c a t . , 11, p . 208)
MS: Marsashi 330714 ( c a t . , I X , p.88)
MUUAMMAD T A Q A
~ L - N O R ~: - Manzsik a/-baii
Kashf al-owhiim F jaw6z s h u r b a/-ghalyzn fi 'I-~iyzrn, Persian MS: Mar'ashi 330716 ( c a t . , IX, p.89)
MS: DinishgZh 718112 ( c a t . , XVI, p.477)
AL-SHAHID
AL-TIIANT:
 MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION
164 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHi'f LAW

MSS: Raaawi 2630, 6073 (Cat., 11, p.129, V , p . 5 1 4 ) ; D5nishgih M S : Mar'ashi 187132 ( c a t . , I , p.217)
2099110 ( c a t . , V l I I , p . 7 2 7 ) ; Mar'ashi 279615 ( c a t . , VII, p . 3 6 3 ) ;
I l i h i y y i t ZOGIld ( c a t . , I , p.259)
- ~ j ~ fl~ f oi r d~ 01-boii
o wo ' I ' u m r o
Moniisik o l - h a j j , a s h o r t e r treatise on t h i s subject
MSS: M a r c a s h i 330712 ( c a t . , IX, p . 8 7 ) ; S i n i 1229113 ( c a t . , 11, MS: D i n i s h g i h 5396112 ( c a t . , XV, p . 4239)
p . 174); D i n i s h g i h 706511 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 4 4 3 ) ; Majlis 34551183
( c a t . , X , pp.1353-4); S h i r l d (AB, XXIV, p.441); India Office 181 XSIM B . M U ~ A M M A DRIQA AL-HAZARJARTBY (d. after
( c a t . , 11, p.314)
MonZisik-i h a / / , Persian
ANONYMOUS (written before 972): MS: Mar'ashi 3053 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 2 7 2 )
A / - f f o j i wo ' I - ' u m r o
MS: A Y D A R ' A L ~AL-SH~RWANY:
S i n i 1229114 ( c a t . , 11, p.174)
T u b f a t 01-sorz'ir
AL-ARDAB~L~: MS: D i n i s h g i h 1289 ( c a t . , VII, 13.2627)
M a n k i k - i h a j j , Persian
MSS: Raaawi 2373 ( c a t . , 11, p . 4 9 ) ; G a w h a r s h i d 99813 ( c a t . , p . 107)
DZnishgih 87816 ( c a t . , V I , pp.1870-1); klujjatiyya 59712 ( c a t . , A/-Zuhra t
7 rnonZisik ol-hoii w o ' l ' u m r o
P . 115); Mar'ashi 300814-5 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 185) M S : Majlis 276118 ( c a t . , IX, pp.159-60)

ANONYMOUS (written bcforc 994): M U ~ A M M A DB . ' A L ~B . BAYDAR A L - M ~ S A WA~L - ~ A M I L: ~

Maniisik 01-hajj I C h i i r mii ' i n 6 b i Mansok ol-FzQ'il 01-Hind7
MS: Radawi 2656 ( B i n i s h , p.1036) MS: D i n i s h g i h 3049 ( c a t . , X, p . 1993)

S A I ~ I BAL-MA'ZLIM: BAJJRA L - ' U L ~ M :

Moniisik 01-hajj A l - ' I j i i l o 01-mijjazo fT furiiq' 01-nZisik
MS: Mar'ashi 169111 ( c a t . , V, p.85) MS: Faydiyya 218 ( C a t . , I , p.182)

'ABD ALLLHA L - T U S T A R ~ : SAYIB AL-RIYAQ:

Af'ZiI 01-boji Moniisik-i b o i j , Persian, t r a n s l a t e d from Arabic b y Mubarnmad 'Ali b .
MS: DZnishgih 918115 ( c a t . , V , pp.1779-81) Muhammad S h a r i f al-Dihdashti al-Bihbahini
MS: Milli 2470f ( c a t . , V , p.645)
ANONYMOUS ( e a r l y 11th c e n t u r y ) :
Manzsik 01-hajj
MS: Raaawi 2657 ( B i n i s h , p . 1036) RisZilo dor h a j j , Persian
S : DZnishgZh 85311 ( c a t . , V, p.1871); S i n i 41717 ( c a t . , I , p.250);
SULTAN AL-'ULAML': JJujjatiyya 596 ( c a t . , p . 29)
A f ' i i l - i h a j j , Persian
MS: Majlis 374911 ( c a t . , X , pp.1734-5) AJJMAD A L - T A B R ~ Z T (early 13th c e n t u r y ) :
Maniisik a / - b o j i
AL-MAJLIST I : MS: Raaawi 2638 ( B i n i s h , p . 1036)
MonZsik-i b o j j , Persian
MS: Mar'ashi 15 ( c a t . , I , p.27) AL-AKHBART:
Abkiim 01-haii
AL-SABZAWART : MS: D a n i s h g i h 334116 ( c a t . , XI, p.2330)
MonZisik-i h a j j , Persian
MS: Milli 2198f ( c a t . , V, p.283) AL-SI-IAFTi :
ManZisik-i h a j j , Persian
AL-MAJLIST 11: MSS: Milli 302912f ( c a t . , V I , pp.807-8); Faydiyya 1918 ( c a t . , 11,
- Maniisik-i b a i i , Persian p ,104) ; Raaawi 8004 ( B i n i s h , p . 1036)
MSS: Mar'ashi 187131 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 1 6 ) ; GulpSyigini 1305 ( c a t . , 11,
p . 6 3 ) ; Milli 185418f ( c a t . , I V , pp.316-17)
MAWMOD AL-KIRMANSIIAH? :
-
WZijibiit-i @oji wa ' u r n r o , Persian I r s h i i d o l - s i j l i k , a commentary on Muhammad 'ali al-Kirminshihi's
166 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION

DalTl 01-nZsik ' UMRA

MS: Mar'ashi 1516 ( c a t . , IV, p.317)

ANONYMOUS (belonging to 13th c e n t u r y ) :

RisZIo f l oqoll mi? b a y n o l ' u m r o t o y n
MonZsik 01-hajj NIS: Mashhad, Adabiyyit 2512 Fayyir) ( c a t . , p.211)
MS: Mar'ashi 3047111 ( c a t . , VIII, p.262)
B N TAWQ A L - B A ~ R A N Y :
BUSAYN B. MUJJAMMAD A L - ~ U S A Y N(~d . after 1309):
AbkZm o l ' u m r o
T u b f a t 01-bujjZj, Persian MS: Mareashi 2358117 ( c a t . , VI, p.3401
MS: IJujjatiyya 473 ( c a t . , p . 5 )

MA ZZR (PILGRIMAGE TO HOLY SI-IRINES)

K . ol-Hajj
MS: Mar'ashi 3144 ( c a t . , VIII, p.376)
BAYDAR ' A L ~. A L - S H T R W A N ~ :
AL-~AKTM: Hurmot a / - m o s h c t ~ i da/-musharrofa
MS: Faygiyya 186112 ( c a t . , 111, p.141)
DolTl a / - n c i k
Edition: Najaf, 1377
'ABD ALLAH AL-MLMAQANT
:
A L - S H A H R D D ~ - Mabmud b . 'Ali al-Uusayni ( d . 1394): IzZbat 01-waswoso ' o n toqbTl 01-a'tiib a/-rnuqaddasa
Edition: Najaf, 1345
K . 01-Hajj, his lectures compiled by Mubarnmad IbrZhim al-Janniti
Edition: Najaf, 1382 - ( 5 vols.)
HOLY WAR
AL-GULPAYIGANT - Mubammad Rig% b . Mubammad BZqir al-Musawi:
K . 01-Hajj, his lectures compiled by Abrnad ai-Sibiri 1. GENERAL
Edition: Qum, [1400?]
KASHIF AL-GHITA'
2. SPECIFIC
Chiiyot 01-murZd
MSS: Ragawi 2498 ( c a t . , 11, pp.89-90); Milli 1806 A.rabic (cal
U U S A Y N B . M U F L I AL--SAYMART
~ ( d . 933):
p . 386); Malik 3996 ( c a t . , I , p.519); Sipahsilir 8426 ( c a t . , V ,
AbkZm 01-fawzf bbi ' I - B o y t 01-HarZm
MS: Mar'ashi 330711 ( c a t . , I X , p.87) @.BIB AL-RIYAQ:

'ABD ALLAH AL-TUSTART:

MS: Radawi 619311 ( c a t . , V, p.404)
A/-Wasiyyo b i ' I - b o j j 01-wFjbib, included in his a/-RosZ'il (see above,
chapter 5)
A l - T u b f a o l ' A b b i i s i y y o , Persian
MSS: Ragawi 2 7 1 1 ( c a t . , V, pp.381, 404); Saltanati 611 8( c a t .
Mas'olo f i 'I-bojj 01-boladT
MS: Mashhad, Adabiyyit 25110 Fayyag ( c a t . , p p . 211-12)
MUJJAMMAD VUSAYN A L - K H W A T NHBADT:
~
MUVAMMAD IJUSAYN AL-KHWANSAR~ J i h Z d i y y o , Persian
-
Risiilo f i ' I - ' o q d biil 01-ibriim MS: Radawi 2348 (Binish, p.695)
MS: Mar'ashi 3041117 ( c a t . , VIII, p.248)
ANONYMOUS:
- Risiilo f7 soyd 01-mubrim
MS: Mar'ashi 3041116 ( c a t . , VIII, p.248)
MS: Radawi 619312 ( c a t . , V, p.404)

HASIIIM (early 13th c e n t u r y ) :

MS: Ragawi 2342 ( c a t . , 11, pp.39-40)

168 A N INTRODUCTION TO s ~ i ' LAW
i MONOGRAPHS ON ACTS OF DEVOTION 169

3. ON NON-MUSLIMS
K . 01-Jihiid
MS: D i n i s h g a h 334118 ( c a t . , XI, p.2330) BUSAYN A L - K H W A N S Z R ~ :
Hall shakk fT kown bo'p' oh1 01-balod k i i f i r a n wa aktharahum iMuslimGn
ABU 'L-BASAN B. MUBAMMAD K A ~ I M( e a r l y 13th c e n t u r y ) : MS: DSnishgSh 6710173 ( c a t . , XVI, p.342)
A y a t 01-jihiid, Persian
MS: Mar'ashi 1480 ( c a t . , IV, pp.271-2)
Sawii'iq 01-Yohiid = Risiila dar aokiim-i j i z y a , Persian
MUIJAMMAD R I ~ AB . MUBAMMAD MUUSIN AL-HAMADANT: MSS: Mar'ashi 187126 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 1 4 ) : DinishgZh 587812 ( c a t . , XVI,
J i h i i d i y y o , Persian p.119); FayQiyya 1290115 ( c a t . , 111, p . 7 5 )
MS: Majlis 927 TabZtabZ'i
BAYDAR ' A L ~A L - S H ~ R W A N T :
Risiila fT w u j i i b q a t l siibb a/-Nab7
Al-Jihiidiyya MS: DSnishgSh 429217 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3263)
MSS: RaQawi 2347, 2349-50 ( c a t . , 11, p.41: B i n i s h , p.695)
A L - B I H B A H ~ N: ~
2. ON BOOTY OF WAR Risiiia fT anno i n k i i r uugiil a/-madhhab IF jiijib 01-kufr
MS: GulpSyigZni 1870116 ( c a t . , 111, p . 92)
MAJID B . FA LA^ B . BASAN A L - S H A Y B ~ ~ N
(late
~ 10th c e n t u r y ) :
Risiila jT burmat 01-tosarruf f i ' I - i i i u r r wo ' I - b i j i i r o t 01-rnustakhrajo
min k h o r i i b i i t 01-Kiifa w o ' I - H i i ' i r wo T i i s wa g h o y r i h i i A b k 5 n a / - j i z y a ,f7 zaman a / - g h a y b a , included in h i s a/-Rasii'il (see
MS: Mar'ashi (AB, X I , p.172) above, c h a p t e r 5)
MUBAMMAD B . I ~ A S A NAL-' AMILT : MUJJAMMAD T A Q ~B. MUBAMMAD UUSAYN A L - K T \ S H ~ N ~ ( d . 1321):
Risiila f i 'I-arp' 01-rnaftiiba 'onwaton Tawg7b a / - m a s F ' i i , P e r s i a n , on commercial relations between t h e Muslims
MS: Busayniyyat KSshif al-GhitS' 55 (AB, XI, p.60) a n d non-Muslims
MSS: Milli 765f ( c a t . , 11, p.293); S h i r i z , F i r s
MUUAMMAD K A ~ I MB. MUBAMMAD SHAFT' AL-HAZARJAR~B~
(mid-13th c e n t u r y ) : ANONYMOUS:
Risiila f i 'I-arp' a/-maftiiba 'onwaton JawFz-i musiifirat-i Piidishiih b i - F a r a n g , Persian
MS: Milli 36 Arabic ( c a t . , VII, pp.36-7) MS: Masjid-i Jamie 243 ( c a t . , p.358)
MUBAMMAD BAQIR A L - K A Z Z A Z ~AL-SAWIJBULAGHT ( d . a f t e r 1261): 'ABD AL-RASGL AL-F~R~~ZKGH~:
RisZ;la f i 'I-orp' a/-moftiibo 'anwoton Hukm taklTf 01-kiifir b i 'I-qap'ii' ma' s u q u t i h b i 'I-lsliim
MS: Milli 213 Arabic ( c a t . , V I I , p p . 183-4) Edition: T e h r a n , 1321
MUUAMMAD T A Q ~B . A B TALIB
~ AL-ARDAKT\N~ AL-YAZDI ( d . 1268): 'ABD ALLAH AL-MAMAQAN? :
RisFlo d o r obkiim-o a r z f l - y i maftiib olF'anwa, Persian Kashf al-asto?- ' a n w u j i i b ol-ghusl 'a10 ' I - k u f f i r
MS: Milli 786f ( c a t . , 11, p.311) Edition: Najaf, 1344 ( i n h i s a / - l t h n i i ' a s h a r i y y a )
MUUAMMAD K A ~ I MB . RIQA AL-TABARi ( d . a f t e r 1267): 4. ON NON-SI-If'TS
Risiilo fi' 'I-arp' a/-maftiiba 'onwatan
MS: Dinishgah 335814 ( c a t . , XI, p.2359) AL-MAJLIST 11:
v u k m - i m a - i N i i s i b - i , Persian
ANONYMOUS: MSS: Mar'ashi 187115 ( c a t . , I , p.211); GulpSyigZni 122316 ( c a t . , 11,
Risiila f i ' '1-arp' al-inoftuba 'onwatan p . 263)
MS: SipahsSlSr 31912 Mushir ( c a t . , 111, p.111)

LL BAUR A L - ' U L ~ M :
R,siila f i ' I - a r i i f l 01-khariijiyya, included in h i s B u l g h a t 01-faq7h ( s e e
above, c h a p t e r 5 )
170 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H T ' ~ LAW MONOGRAPHS ON CONTRACTS

Risiila fi 6oqTqot ol-Nii$ib R;s?lo fi jowzz t o g o r r u f 01-m5l;k ma' 01-'ilm bi-toq'arrur 01-jbr
MS: Mashhad, AdabiyyZt 2518 FayyZp ( c a t . , p . 212)
Riszlo fi' ' I - s h o r t p'imn a / - ' o q d
ANONYMOUS (written before 1169): Both included in his a/-Ros5'il and Jow5mimi'a l - r o s i i ' i l (see above,
Rof' 01-iltibiis ' o n obkiim 01-niis
MS: Mar'ashi 1965 ( c a t . , V, pp.336-7)
ASAN AL KASHIF AL-GHITA':
'ABBAS ' A L ~B. MUIJAMMAD AL-KAZZAZT ( d . after 1229): Qawii'id al-mu'iimolZt
Abklim a / - m u k h a i t j i 7 MS: DZnishgZh 690611 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 411)
MS: Mar'ashi 284111 ( c a t . , VIII, p.46)
AJJMADB . ' ALT MUKHTAR AL-GULPAYIGHNT :
AL-BALAGHT : Agzlot 01-luziim f i ' I - ' u q c d
'Iqd fi ilziim g h o y r 01-1mi;mT b i obkzm n i b l a t i h MS: Mar'ashi 349411 ( c a t . , IX, p.290)
Edition: Tehran, 1378
MUJJAMMADT A Q ~AL-HA RAW^ :
Riszla f ; ' / - s h o r t q'imn o l - ' o q d
ORDERING GOOD AND FORBIDDING EVIL MS: Nurbakhsh 55911 ( c a t . , 11, p . 203)

ABU 'L-QASIM A L - K U J ~ R (~d . after 1314):

BASAN A L - K A R A K ' ~:
Risiila F q i i ' i d a t k u l l mii yup'mon b i - $ a b i b i h yuq'man bi-fbsidih
Al-Amr b i ' I - m o ' r c f wo ' I - n o h y ' o n 01-munkor Edition: Tehran, 1314
MSS: Waziri 2077 ( c a t . , IV, p.1150); AdabiyyZt 120112 ljikmat
( c a t . , p.42) MUEjAMMAD JA'FAR B. MUEjAMMAD 'ALT AL-JJUSAYNT AL-KASHANT

AL-AKHBLRT
:
Risiila f i ' I - s h u r i i t
K . 01-Amr b i ' I - m o ' r c f wo ' I - n a h y ' o n a/-munkar Edition: Tehran, 1315
MS: DXnishgZh 334119 ( c a t . , XI, p.2330)
AL BAJJR A L - ' U L ~ M :
ANONYMOUS (belonging to 13th century) : - Risiila f i 'I-qobp' wo b a q i q o t i h
K . a / - A m r b i ' I - m o ' r i i f wo ' I - n o h y ' o n 01-munkor
M S : Gawharshad 145811 (cat., p.220) - Risiila fT q z ' i d o t m b yup'mon bi-$abTbih yup'mon b i - E s i d i h
- Risiilo f7 q z ' i d a t a / - y a d
AL- SHAFT^ :
- Risiilo F ' o q d 01-fup'Cl7
Iqo?not ol-budi7d f7 ramon 01-ghaybo, Persian
MSS: Faypiyya 13812 ( c a t . , I , p.20, 11, p.72); GulpZyigZnT 4 3 5 All included in his B u l g h o t a / - f a q i h (see above, chapter 5)
( c a t . , 11, p.103); UstXdi ( c a t . , p.48)
M A H D ~AL-KHALIST :
A/-Qowb'id 01-fiqhiyya f i 'I-mu'zmolbt
Edition: Mashhad, 1343
C
'ALT B . MUUAMMAD BUSAYN A L - S H A H R A S T ~ N:~
ON CONTRACTS
RisElo f i 'I-ieri;p' ' a n a/-miil
1. GENERALITIES Edition: Tehran, 1320

AL-FJURR AL-'AMIL~: A L - B A L A G H ~:

Risiilo f7 anno ' I - t a g o r r u f wa ' I - y a d dalj-I a / - m i l k i y y o Ris;io f7 q b ' i d o t rn; yuq'man b i - $ o b i b i h yup'mon b i - f i i d i h
MS: Fayaiyya 191013 ( c a t . , 111, p. 148) Edition: Najaf, 1343 (together with his U s h i y o t a/-Makcsib)

AL-BIHBAHHNT : AL-TRAWANY :
Jumbn oolsilk f i 'I-i'rZip' ' o n ol-milk
Risiilo fi a n n a ' / - a $ / f~ 'I-mu'iimol?t 01-$ibbo
Edition: Tehran, 1379 (together with his Uoshiyot a/-Makiisib)
MSS: DZnishgZh 71313 ( c a t . , V, p.1777); BuqEq 24714j ( c a t . , p . 3 48
172 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'? LAW MONOGRAPHS ON CONTRACTS

AHMAD B . 'INAYAT ALLAH A L - Z A N J A N ~ : A'FAR QULi B . 'ABD A L - ' A L ~ ( d . a f t e r 1246):

TdFb ol-obwi;l f7 abkiirn a/-hii/Zt oi-fiiriyo 'ola 'I-mTii Siyagh a / - ' u q i d
MS: Zanjini 129 ( c a t . , p . 244) MS: Mar'ashi 2009.2 ( c a t . , VI, p.12)

2. ON FORMULAS UljAMMAD JA'FAR A L - A S T A R A B A D ~ :

Siyogh a/-'uqGd wo 'I-7qZCiit
IBN TAYY: Editions: T a b r i z , 1293: T e h r a n , 1333
A/-Durr a / - m a n d i d MSS: DZnishgSh 406415 ( c a t . , XIII, p . 3047); Mar'ashi 154112 ( c a t .
MSS: Raaawi 6496 ( c a t . , V , p . 4 2 0 ) ; Mashhad, IlZhiyyZt 192 ( c a t . IV, p . 3 4 3 ) ; Milli 1622 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p . 1 7 5 ) ; Raaawi 5714, 7234
p.113) ( B i n i s h , p.907)
Translation: P e r s i a n , b y Mubarnmad T a q i b . Mubammad muqim
M U F L I ~AL-SAYMART: al-AstarZbSdi a l - S i r a w i , MS: GawharshZd 112411 ( c a t . , p.149)
Jawiihir 01-kalimiit
MSS: Ja'fariyya (Tu'rna 11, p . 3 1 ) ; Majlis 540515, 535414 ( c a t . , XVI
pp.265, 310); Raaawi 6464, 2326, 2596 ( c a t . , 11, pp.34-5, V, p.403 Siyogh a/-'uqiid wa 'I-TqZ'Zt
MGza 4329 ( c a t . , p.203); Mar'ashi 225512, 3702, 13312 ( c a t . , I , MS: Majlis 4368 ( c a t . , XII, p . 78)
p . 153, VI, p . 240, X, p . 104); Gawharshiid 1120 ( c a t . , p . 255); Milli
166815 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p . 2 5 0 ) ; Malik 2862 ( c a t . , I , p.214); ' A L ~B . GUL MUHAMMAD A L - Q A R P ~ Z ~ B AAL-ZANJANY
DT ( d . 1290):
DZnishgih 3702 ( c a t . , XlI, p . 2706); Masjid-i A'zam 96512
$iyogh 01-'uqzd
Editions: T a b r i z , 1308 a n d o t h e r s ( s e e MushZr, cols. 595-6)
HUSAYN AL-SAYMART:
-
Mahiisin a/-kolirniit = ol-lqiipit 'ABD AL-'ALT B . MUHAMMAD AL-HARANDT (late 13th c e n t u r y ) :
MS: Radawi 2596 ( c a t . , 11, p p . 118-19)
Siyogh o l ' u q i j d , Persian
MS: GulpZyigZni 1151 ( c a t . , 11, p . 127)
AL-KARAKT :
- Siyogh o i k ' u q i d wo 'I-7qi;'iit MUHAMMAD HASHIM AL-KHWANSART:
Editions: T e h r a n , 1315 ( i n t h e collection of Kolirniit a/-muboqqiqii?), Siyogh a/-'uqGd
1318 Editions: IgfahZn, 1310, 1317
Selected MSS: Radawi 2488-9, 7094 ( c a t . , 11, p . 8 6 , V, p.465); MS: GulpSyig5ni 113514 ( c a t . , 11, p.231)
Mar'ashi 68013, 2214, 13311 ( c a t . , I , p p . 3 4 , 153, 11, p . 2 7 3 ) ; Majlis
4339110, 535412 ( c a t . , XII, pp.41-2, XVI, p.264); Milli 195716f, 'ABD ALLAH AL-MAMAQANT:
195612 Arabic ( c a t . , VI, pp.429-30, X, p.638); DinishgZh 539712,
6963110 ( c a t . , XV, p.4239, XVI, p.413) ; Malik 647 ( c a t . , I , p.487) A/-Durr a/-rnonq'Ed
Bengal 645 ( c a t . , I , p.318) Edition: Najaf, 1346
Translation: P e r s i a n , b y Mu'pammad YGsuf al-AstarZbiidi (late 13th
c e n t u r y ) , edited several times ( e . g . T a b r i z , 1313) ANONYMOUS:
- AnTs 01-towwiibiii, h i s opinions on t h i s topic compiled by JJZfiz al- - Siyayh a/-'uqGd
KZshini MS: Marcashi 114912 ( c a t . , 111, p.323)
MS: Mar'ashi 100314 ( c a t . , 111, p.199) - Nobdho f7 siyogh oi-'uqzd
MS: Gharb 471218 ( c a t . , p.381)
AL-SIIAHTD AL-THANT:
$iyoyh o l - ' u q i d
MSS: Jawidayn (AB, V, p.278, XV, p . 109); GulpZyigZni 68212 TRANSACTION
( c a t . , 11, p . 2 0 1 ) ; Gharb 78612 ( c a t . , p.276)

AL-MINSHAR - 'AE b . APmad b . I-liial alh'Amili (mid-10th c e n t u r y ) : K ~ S H I FA L - G H I T ~ :

Siyagh 01-'uqzd wo 'I-Tqz'at S h a r b ai-QawFCid, a commentary on t h e c h a p t e r on transaction of
MS: Majlis 7185 al-'Allima's Qawii'id 01-abkiirn
MSS: Radawi 7747-8 ( B i n i s h , p . 8 8 0 ) ; Mnlik 1106, 2656 ( c a t . , I ,
p . 4 3 1 ) ; Majlis 1308, 4330, 514711 ( c a t . , IV, pp.80-1, XII, p.22, XV.
p.217); Faydiyya 911 (Cat., I , p . 154); G a w h a r s h i d 74111 ( c a t . ,
MaqZFd a/-qujGd p.330); Matbaf 2960 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 4 6 ) ; Princeton 1345 New S e r i e s ;
.
MSS: Gawharshid 118713. 1049.4 (Cat., P . 4 0 8 ) : Gul~ivi!zini (cat..
" L
Najaf, Madrasat al-Sayyid ( A n , XIII, p . 132); U s t i f i ( c a t . , p.24)
I p . 2 ) ; Waziri 325013 ( c a t . , V , p.1587)
174 A N INTRODUCTION TO s ~ i ' LAW
i MONOGRAPHS ON CONTRACTS

AL-AKHBART : (a)
K . a/-Tiicrtt wo 'I-rnoncfi' wo 'I-$inZ'Zt
MS: Dinishgih 3341110 ( c a t . , XI, p.2330) PROHIBITED BUSINESS

MUIJSIN AL-KHANFAR AL-NAJAFT ( d . 1270): , GENERAL

K . 01-TijZiro, his lectures compiled by Abii =lib al-Qi'ini L-KHUMAYN~.:
MS: Mar'ashi 1520 ( c a t . , IV, p.322)
A/-Mokfiib a/-muborromo
AL-AN$ART: Edition: Tehran, 1381
- K . 01-Makcsib = 01-Motriir
Editions: Tabriz , 1375 and others M U R T A ~ AAL-FJA'IRI:
Autograph: DinishgZh, microfilm 3642 ( c a t . , 11, p . 208) Ibtigh?' ol-faglo
Commentaries: ( 1 ) by al-Rashti, edited Tehran, 1317 (together with Edition: Qum, 1383
Mubammad gasan al-MimaqZni's Chiiyot a/-FmZI), MS: Gulpiyigini 69
( c a t . , 11, p . 62) ; ( 2 ) by Rids b . MuPammad H i d i al-Hamadini , MS: 2. ON MUSIC
S h i r i z i (AB, VI, p . 219); (3) ChZyot 01-Zimiil, by Mubarnmad gasan
al-MZmaqiui, edited Tehran, 1317, MSS: Dinishgih 752-4 ( c a t . , V, AL-SABZAW~R~:
pp.1948-51); ( 4 ) Bughyot 01-fiilib, b y Abu '1-Qisim b . Ma'giim
al-gusayni al-Ishkawari ( d a . 1324-5); edited Tehran, 1322; - Risclo fi 'I-ghinz'
( 5 ) by Mubarnmad 'Ali b . Mubammad Sidiq al-KhwZnsZri, edited MSS: SipahsZlir 8190113 ( c a t . , V, p.352); Dinishgih 354114 ( c a t . ,
Tehran, 1324 (in the margin of al-AngZri's 01-Makcsib); (6) b y XII, p.2526); Masjid-i A'zam 3118; Majlis 326312 ( c a t . , X , p p . 873-4)
al-KhurZsini , edited Tehran, 1319; ( 7 ) by al-Yazdi , edited Tehran, - RisTila fi 'I-ghino' , different from above
1324, 1378; ( 8 ) by Mubarnmad Taqi a l - S h i r i z i , edited Tehran, 1323; MS: DZnishgZh, microfilm 365312 from a private MS ( c a t . , 11, p.213)
( 9 ) Moq~od01-TClib, by Abu '1FQZsim b . Zayn al-'Abidin al-gusayni
ImZm al-Jum'a ( d . 1346), edited Tehran, 1314, 1368; (10) Nihcyot ' A L ~B . MUYAMMAD AL-'AMILi:
a/-iimi71, by 'Abd Allih al-Mimaqini, edited Najaf, 1345; (11) by
al-Balighi , edited Najaf, 1343; (12) by al-irawini , edited Tehran, TonbTh al-ghiifiI7nn, in refutation of al-SabzawZrils above-mentioned
1365, 1379; (13) Munyot a / - f a i b , a l - N i ' i n i l s lectures on 01-Makcsib treatises
compiled by MiisZ b . MuI)ammad al-KhwZnsiri, edited Najaf, 1357-8, MS: Dinishgiih, microfilm 365311 from a private MS ( c a t . , 11, p.212)
Tehran, 1373; (14) a second collection of al-Ni'inT1s lectures on
a/-Makcsib, compiled by MuQammad Taqi al-Amuli, edited Tehran, M ~ LAWgi
R - Mubarnmad H i d i b . Mubarnmad al-gusayni al-sabzawiri
1372-3; (15) by Mubarnmad JJusayn al-Igfahini ( d . 13611, edited (late 11th c e n t u r y ) :
T e h r a n , 1363; ( 16) Bulghat ai-f?lib, by Mubammad KZ8im al-Shirizi I 'liim 01-obibbc'
( d . 1367), edited Tehran, 1370; (17) Hidcyat 01-pilib, b y FattZQ b . MSS: Majlis 567211, 5511 ( c a t . , XVI, p.410, XVII, pp.124-5)
Mubarnmad 'Ali al-Shahidi, edited Tabriz, 1375; (18) Nohi a/-foqcho,
by al-gakim, edited Najaf, 1371; (19) Migbiil, 01-foqfho, al-Khu'ils ANONYMOUS (belonging to early 12th c e n t u r y ) :
lectures on a/-Makcsib, compiled by Mubammad 'Ali al-Tawbidi, edite
Najaf, 1374-82; (20) ol-Mu~?Zp'oriitfi 'I-fiqh a/-JaCforT, another collec MaqcmZt a/-siilikTn , Persian
tion of al-Khu'i's lectures on ol-Mokiisib, compiled by 'Ali al-gusayni MS: DZnishgih 5702 ( c a t . , XVI, p p . 70-1)
al-ShihrGdi , edited Najaf, 1373-84
MAJID AL-BAFJRAN~ - Mubarnmad b . Ibrihim al-gusayni (early 12th
-
A/-Boy' wo 'I-khiyiiret, his lectures compiled by one of his pupils century) :
MS: Mar'ashi 1795 ( c a t . , V, p.181)
TqE ol-nF'imTn
'ALIAL-KANi ( d . 1306): MSS: Sipahsilir 815113 ( c a t . , 111, p.230); Tustariyya (AB, 11,
p.505)
AbkFm oal'uqCid wa 'Ikkhiy7irct Abridgement: by Miisi b . Fadl AllZh al-gusayni al-Hamadini (late
Editions: Tehran, 1304, 1317 (together with his K . a/-Qop'o') 13th c e n t u r y ) , MS: Fayoiyya 1960110 ( c a t . , 111, p . 156)

IJUSAYN A L - Q A Z W ' ~ N ~ :
Risiila f7 ball bodTth worod fi " I ~ o w t01-bason
MSS: Raoawi 250516 ( c a t . , 11, p.118); Zanjini 7616 ( c a t . , pp.220-1)

'ABD AL-SAMMAD AL-HAMADANT:

RisFIa fi 'I-ghin?'
MSS: Milli 3029/7f ( c a t . , VI, p.811); Nujumi ( c a t . , p.255)
 176 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON CONTRACTS 177

A L - Q U M M ~: Translation: Persian, by Muhammad Biiqir b . Abi 'I-Futiih al-Miisawi

(late 11th c e n t u r y ) , MS: T a b r i z , Thiqat al-Islim ( N o s h . , VII, p . 532)
RisFlo fi 'I-ghinii', included in his 01-Rosci'il (see above, chapter 5)

MUIJAMMAD JA'FAR B . MUIJAMMAD UUSAYN AL-SHAHRASTANT ( d . 126

Al-Siriij 01-wohhiij
Rislilo wol>o fi 'I-ghinF' Edition: Tehran 1313 (in the above-mentioned collection)
MS: Diinishgih 111113 ( c a t . , V, p.1896)
BD AL-$AMAD:
M A I J M ~ADL - K I R M A N S H A H ~:
Riscilo f7 billiyyot jowF'iz 01-sulfiin
Risiilo f7 burmot 01-ghinF' MS: Milli 194312 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p.616); IJakim 1506m ( c a t . , I ,
MS: Mar'ashi 153712 ( c a t . , IV, p.337)

MUIJAMMAD RASOL AL-KASHANT (13th c e n t u r y ) :

RisZilo fT burmot 01-ghin?' - Risiilo fi 'I-khorSij
MS: Sipahsilir 756415 ( c a t . , V, p.353)
- Riscilo mukhto$ora fi 'I-khoriij
N A ~ A R*AL? B . SULTAN A L - T A L I Q A N ~ ( d . 1306): Editions: Tehran, 1313 (in t h e above-mentioned collection), 1318 (in
the margin of a l - K h u r i s i n i ' s D u r a r 01-fow5'id)
RisFlo fi 'I-ghinF' Selected MSS: Sipahsilir 144614-5 ( c a t . , IV, p.364); Milli 1889 Arabic
Edition: Tehran, 1304 ( c a t . , X, p.533); Dinishgih 7387199 ( c a t . , XVI, p.534)
ABU 'L-MAJD: MAJID AL-SHAYBANT:
Risrilo fi 'I-ghin5' RisZilo fT bill a/-khoriij
Edition: an abridgement of it is edited Tehran, 1381 (in al-Khumay Edition: Tehran, 1313 (in the above-mentioned collection)
01-Makzsib a/-mubarramo) MS: Mar'ashi (AB, XI, p . 179)
MS: Zanjini 112 ( c a t . , p . 239)
'ABD ALLAH B. 'iSA A L - I Q F A H A N ~ A L - A F A N D ~ ( d . around 1130):
3. ON BACKBITING
Al-KhorFjiyyo
H L D AL-TIHRANT
~ : MS: Mar'ashi (AB, XI, p.179)
RisFlo f i 'I-ghaybo MULLA KITAB - Muhammad Taqi b . Mubammad al-Najafi (mid-13th
MS: Majlis 540212 ( c a t . , XVI, p.307)

4. ON WORKING FOR THE GOVERNMENT A/-Mi$bFb 01-wohhSij

MSS: Gharb 5316 ( c a t . , p.192); S i p a h s i l i r 6113 ( c a t . , IV, p.365)
AL-MURTAPA:
Mos'olo fi 'I'omol ma' 01-sultFn
(b)
Edition: London, 1980 AD (in the Bulletin of the Schoolof Oriental a n d
African Studies, XLIII, p p . 22-41 SALE
MSS: Sipahsilir 2524 ( c a t . , V, pp.557-9); Majlis 518713 ( c a t . , XVI,
p . 6 ) ; Diinishgih 6914119 (cat., XVI, p.398); Princeton 2751 Yahuda 1. GENERAL
( c a t . , p . 137); Berlin Pet. 40 ( c a t . , IV, p p . 347-8); sahib al-Dhari'a
(Cat. of microfilms of DZnishgih, I , p.575); Kishiin, 'Atifi (Nosh., MUVAMMAD IBRAHTM B. QASIM AL-KAZIMi AL-NAJAFT (13th c e n t u r y ) :
XI-XII, p.953)

5. ON TAX REVENUE AND GOVERNMENT'S GIFTS MS: Majlis 4436 ( c a t . , XII, p p . 121-2)

A L - K A R A K ~: 'ABD AL-KARTM A L - Q A Z W ~ NA~L - G ~ L A N T (late 13th century):

~ n o r o l ~ y yJa t
Selected MSS: Radawi 2527-8, 2798 ( c a t . , 11, p.99); Dinishgih 87212 ANONYMOUS (belonging to late 13th c e n t u r y ) :
7202 ( c a t . , V, p . 1967, XVI, p.486); Majlks 5650 ( c a t . , XVII, p . 106); K . 01-Boy'
Milli 1006 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p.566); al-Imim al-Mahdi (Mabfiiz 11, MSS: GulpiyigZini 697, 643 ( c a t . , 11, p . 2 1 ) ; Fayoiyya 1718
p.212); Malik 597 ( c a t . , I , p.559); Los Angeles MI28314 ( c a t . , p.722)
178 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON CONTRACTS

L BAJJR A L - ' U L ~ M :
K . a/-Bay' - Risiilo t7 bay' 01-mu'iitiit
MSS: T u s t a r i y y a (AB, 111, p . 191); DZnishgih 726 ( c a t . , V, p.1938
- Risiilo t7 talof 01-mob?' qabl qobp'ih
- Risiilo f i ' I - w i l i i y i i t
K . al-Boy ' , h i s l e c t u r e s compiled b y AbG Tilib al-Tajlil All included in h i s B u l g h a t a/-faq7h ( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5)
Edition: Qum, 1373

AL-KHUMAYNT: (c)
K . 01-Bay*
Edition: Najaf, 1389-97 RIGHT OF CANCELLATION

MUJJAMMAD R I Q ~A L - G U L P ~ Y I G ~ N ~ : 1. GENERAL
K . a/-Bay ' , his l e c t u r e s compiled b y 'Afi al-ijusayni al-Milani ' A L ~AL KASHIF AL-GHITA':
Edition: Qum, 1400
S h a r b 01-Lum'o, a s a commentary on t h e relevant c h a p t e r of al-Shahid
2. SPECIFIC al-Awwal's a / - L u m ' a 01-Dimoshqiyyo
Edition: T e h r a n , 1319
MAJID AL-SHAYBANT: MSS: Raaawi 2388 ( c a t . , 11, p . 54); Majlis 113 K h u ' i ( c a t . , VII,
p p . 118-19)
Risiilo f7 w u j i i b a / - i t t i j i i r bi-miil 01-$agh7r wo i s t i n m z ' i h /ah
MS: Mar'ashi (AB, XXV, p . 2 9 ) HADT A L - T I H R ~ N: ~
D h a k h i i ' i r 01-nubuwwa
Edition: T a b r i z , 1325
Al'Ayn f7to'iirup' baqqoy a/-mutobiiya'ayn MSS: Danishgah 799 ( c a t . , V, pp.1880-2); Majlis 271711, 275313
MSS: Danishgih 185914 ( c a t . , VIII, p.459); Mar'ashi 338211 ( c a t . , ( c a t . , IX, p p . 3 8 , 139)
IX, p.158)
MURTAQA B . AJJMAD AL-KHUSRAWSHAHT ( d . 1372):
AL-QUMMY :
N f t h i i r i i t 0 1 - k a w i i k ~ b , a commentary on t h e relevant c h a p t e r of a1
- Risiilo f i 'I-mu'iiciit A n g a r i t s 01-Mokiisfb
- Risiila f i 'I-fup'iilT Editlon: T e h r a n , 1370
- Risiila t 7 onnoh ha1 y a j i i z li-man bii' s i l ' a t o h mln g h a y r i h an 2. SPECIFIC
yash t a r i y o h i i m i n h , ma' 01-short ow b i - d i i n i h
All included in h i s 01-Rasii'il ( s e e a b o v e , c h a p t e r 5)
Risiila fT tabq7q a / - b o y ' b i - s h o r t a / - k h i y i i r
MUWAMMAD R A S ~ LB. 'ABD AL-'AZ~Z (mid-13th c e n t u r y ) : MS: D i n i s h g a h 288812 ( c a t . , X, p.1733)
A/-Tanbih f7 wozii'if ol-faq7h - Risiila fT t a ~ o r r u fal-mushtor7 firoman 01-khfyiir
MS: G u l p i y i g i n i 1936 MSS: Majlis 333316 ( c a t . , X, pp.1130-1; see also AB, XI, pp.148-9)

ANONYMOUS:
Yaniib7' 01-wiliiya Fii'ida f7 jaw& bay' a/-shart
MS: Radawi 7170 ( c a t . , V , p.531) MS: Majlis 520212 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 33)
MUJJAMMAD R A J J ~ M
AL-BUR~JIRD~: MUJJAMMAD RIQA B . MUJJAMMAD 'ALT AL-ISFARJT\N~AL-GOI.PAYIGAN~
Risiila f i ' I - b a y ' 01-fuq'iir ( d . a f t e r 1258)
MS: Raaawi 5849 ( B i n i s h , p.790) Risiilo IT jawiiz a k h d h a / - o r s h min g h o y r a / - n o g d o y n
MS: DZnishgZh 195316 ( c a t . , VIII, p.568)
MUUAMMAD ' A L ~B. MUBAMMAD BAQIR AL-MASJIDSHAHT
a l - l S F A ~ r \ ~ '(id . 1318): MUJJAMMAD B . 'ALT AL-KHUSRAWSHAHT A L - T A B R ~ Z(~d . a r o u n d 1312):
Risiilo f i ' I - w i l Z y i i t A/-Risiila 01-Biiqiriyya
Edition: T e h r a n , 1312 Edition: T a b r i z , 1310 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s M i s h k i i t ol-ma$iibTb)
182 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHSON CONTRACTS
HIRE AND LEASE PROCURATION
1. GENERAL 'ABD ALLAH AL-TUSTART ( d . 1021):
AL-KIRMANSHAHT: R ~ s i i l of i wok71 a/-zowlo
Translation: P e r s i a n , b y Muhammad $ i d i q a l - S i r k i n i , MS: Waziri
K . 01-ljiiro ( c a t . of microfilms of D i n i s h g i h , I , p . 705)
MS: Racjawi 6640 ( c a t . , V , p.354)

ANONYMOUS:
( i u k m 01-jolciq b l - d o ' w i i 01-wlkiilo ' o n 01-row1 ma' ~nkiirir,h(seebelow,
K . 01-ljiiro, a collection of l e c t u r e s on t h i s topic monographs on divorce)
MS: Majlis 454612 ( c a t . , XII, p.219)
ANONYMOUS:
AL-RASHTT :
Risiila fi taliiq muddo'7 01-wikiilo ' o n ol-zowj ma' i n k & 01-zawj ( s e e
K . 01-ljiiro below, monographs on divorce)
Edition: T e h r a n , 1298, 1316
MS: Masjid-i A'zam 11709 'ABD ALLAH AL-KIRMZNSHAHT:
Ta'iirup' a/-wok71 wo 'I-muwakkil f i mii low b5' r o j u l l i - - r o j u l shoy'on wo
sharar li-nofsih a / - k h i y i i r
K . 01-ljiiro, h i s l e c t u r e s compiled b y h i s s o n , Muhammad b . Kigim MS: I l i h i y y i t 81912d ( c a t . , 11, p . 2 0 )
al-Khurisini
MS: Dznishgih 115112 ( c a t . , V , p.1832) AL-SHAFT1 :
FAYYAQ AL-ZANJAN'~: Risiilo f i toliiq muddo'? a 1 wikiila ' o n a/-zawj ma' i n k i i r 01-row/ ( s e e
below, monographs on divorce)
K . 01-ljiiro
Edition: T e h r a n , 1343
ENDOWMENT

K . 01-ljiiro 1. GENERAL
Edition: Najaf, 1375

2. SPECIFIC K . 01-Woqf
MS: Mar'ashi 349417 ( c a t . , 11, p.293)
'ABD ALLAH A L - T U S T A R ~ :
Risiilo fT tomalluk 01-01% l i ' I - u j r o b i ' I k ' o q d , included in h i s MUBAMMAD B . RIP% AL-TABART
K A ~ M :
01-Rasii'il ( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5) Risiilo fi boyiin b o ' d mosii'il 01-woqf
MS: D i n i s h g i h 335813 ( c a t . , XI, p.2359)
AL-FAYQ :
RisZilo fT h u k m a k h d h o l - u j r o ' o l a 'I-wCjibFt AL-ANSART :
MSS: Mar'ashi 140118 ( c a t . , I V , p.176); Majlis 3818110 ( c a t . , X, - K . 01-WuqCf wo 'I-zadoqiit
p.1843) MS: Ma'had 1295 ( c a t . p . 112)
ANONYMOUS (belonging t o e a r l y 14th c e n t u r y ) : K . ol-Woqf, h i s l e c t u r e s compiled b y Mubarnmad Ibrihim al-Rashti
MS: Mar'ashi 1066 ( c a t . , 111, p.251)
Risr71o d o r ajal-i ijCra, Persian
MS: D i n i s h g i h 445711 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3414) ABMAD B . MUBAMMAD MUUSIN AL-FAYPT (late 13th c e n t u r y ) :
ZL BAIJR AL-'UL~M: K . 01-Waqf
MS: Gawharshid 38 ( c a t . , p . 361)
RisCla fT o k h d h 01-ujra ' o l a ' I - w C j i b i i t , included in h i s B u l g h o t a/-faq7h
( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5)

MUUAMMAD IjUSAYN A L - I $ F A H % N ~ : Sofwot a / - m o q 3

MS: Mar'ashi 3132 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 361)
RisZilo fi
h u k m o k h d h 01-ujro ' a l a 'I-wiijibiit
Edition: T e h r a n , 1363 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s (iiishiyat a/-Mokiisib)
184 A N INTRODUCTION TO s ~ i ' LAW
i MONOGRAPHS ON CONTRACTS

AL-RASHTI
:

K . a/-Woqf K . ol-Wo$ZiyZi
MSS: Tustariyya 62211 ( c a t . , p . 8 6 9 ) ; Majlis 327512, 4312, MS: DinishgXh 671111 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 3 4 3 )
37 TabXtabi'i ( c a t . , X, pp.883-4, XII, p . 5 )
AL BAJJR A L - ' U L U M :
RisZla fi 'I-wa$iyyo, includce in h i s Hulghat 01-faqTh ( s e e above,
c h a p t e r 5)
RisZila fi 'I-waqf
Edition: B a g h d a d , 1331 ( i n h i s ShadharZt)
ANONYMOUS:
Commentary: b y Mahdi al-Khilisi, edited B a g h d a d , 1331 ( i n h i s
0 1 - D a r K 01-IZimiCZit) Masii'il-i wo$ZiyZi, Persian
MS: Milli 263313f ( c a t . , v I , p.191)
MUJJAMMAD ~ A L I J B
J . FAQL ALLAH A L - ~ ~ ' I R TA L - S I M N A N ~(d. 1391):
MUTAFFAR B . MUJJAMMAD 'ALT AL-JJUSAYNT AL-RASHTi (early 14th
K . al-Woqf
century) :
Edition: T e h r a n , 1377
A/-MasZ'il a i - ~ a s h t i ~ ~ a
2. SPECIFIC MS: Mar'ashi 129612 ( c a t . , I V , pp.44-5)

AJJMAD B . ZAYN AL-'ABID~N AL-'AMIL~: 2. SPECIFIC

BayZin a/-boqq wo tibyZin aalsidq
Faydiyya 1961 ( c a t . , I , p.36:I JJASAN AL-GTLZNT (late 11th c e n t u r y ) :
MS: Radawi 2259 ( c a t . , 11, pp.15-16);
Mas 'latiin fi 'I-wa~iyya
IJUSAYN AL ' u ~ F ~ R : MS: Majlis 277313-4 ( c a t . , I X , p.209)
BurhZin aolashrZif if man' b a y ' 01-awqzf
MS: Radawi 6462 ( c a t . , V, pp.373-4)
RisZla i
T rnunaijaziit a/-moriq', included in h i s a/-Rasii'il and h i s
AL-QUMMT : JawZimi' a/-rasz'il ( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5)
Risiila fi 'I-waqf wa bayiin bbiil madrasa 15 yu'lom wiiqifuhii, included in 59
h i s 01-Rosii'il ( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5) 4 MUBAMMAD JA'FAR B . MUFJAMMAD JJUSAYN A L - T I H R A N ~ ( d . a f t e r 1256)
Risiila tT ta$arruf?it a/-marT@
AL-SHAFTT : MS: Fayoiyya 77113 ( c a t . , 111, p.20)
Risiilo fi 'adorn luzi7m a/-qabd idhii ja'al a/-wiiqif 01-tawliya li-nafsih
MSS: Faydiyya 108913, 137312 ( c a t . , 111, p . 5 4 , 8 7 ) ; Mar'ashi
MASHKOR B . MUJJAMMAD A L - I ~ A W L A WA~ L - N A J A F ~( d . 1272):
319211 ( c a t . , VIII, pp.412-13) Risiila f7 munoijazbt a/-marig
Edition: T e h r a n , 1323
ABU 'L-QASIM B . M U ~ A M M A DMAHDI
AL-NARAQT ( d . 1256):
Mulakhkho$ 01-maqol, i n refutation of al-Shafti's above-mentioned
treatise RisZilo f7 rnunojjaziit 01-mar?@
MS: Mar'ashi 3136 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 365) MS: DinishgZh 695614 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 4 1 1 )

MUJJAMMAD B. 'ASHUR AL-KIRMANSHAHT : MUJJAMMAD 'ABBAS A L - M ~ S A WAL-LAKNAWT:

~
Risiila f7boy' a/-waqf Al-Raw@ a/-or?# f7 munajjazZit 01-mar?q'
MS: Mar'ashi 2575/fols. 12-14 ( c a t . , VII, p.165) MS: Mar'ashi 2030 ( c a t . , VI, p . 3 6 )

AL BAJJR A L - ' U L ~ M :
LEGACIES
RisZiIa f7 rnunajjaziit 01-marid, included in h i s Bulghot 01-faq'ih ( s e e
above, c h a p t e r 5)
1. GENERAL
MUJJAMMAD JJUSAYN AL-KHWLNSART:

K . 01-ll'osiivii. a s a commentarv on t h e relevant c h a o t e r of al-'Allima's

Irshiid a;-ddhhiin
Editions: T e h r a n . 1305. 1325 ( b o t h t o c e t h e r with h i s a/-Mokiislb)
MS: Faygiyya 99311 (c'at., 111, p.47)Y
186 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW MONOGRAPHS ON CONTRACTS 187

3. ON FORMULA
Risiila fT munojiozilt 0i-mOrTd
Editions: Tehran, 1324, 1378 (together with his Hcshiyot a/-Makcsib)
Mos'ala fT i f t i q c r 01-nik& !lo ' I - q a b i j l al-garTb, Included in h ~ Shotiit
s
ABU 'L-QASIM B. ZAYN AL-'ABIDIN A L - J $ U S A Y N ~ : a / - f a w c ' i d (see above, chapter 5)
Risiila fT rnunaiiozct ooirnor7p'
IBN FAHD:
Edition: Tehran, 1323
Abkcrn ' a q d 01-nik~ib
MUUSIN B. 'ABD A L - K A R ~ M A L - A M ~ NAL-'AMILT ( d . 1373): MS: Majlis 275015 ( c a t . , IX, p . 126)
Al-Rowp' 01-arTd fT ta$arrufCt 01-rnarTd
Edition: [Sidon?], n . d .
Ai-Nabdha a / - ' u q i j d ~ y y of l ' I - z i y a g h a / - n i k c b ~ y y o
MUUAMMAD $ALIW AL-SIMNT\NT: MS: Mallis 540516 ( c a t . , XVI, p.311)
RisZ;la fimunajjozct 01-rnorTp' M U ~ A M M A D" A L ~AL-ASTARABADT (late 11th c e n t u r y ) :
Edition: Tehran. 1377
- RisiiIo dor siyogh-i ' o q d - i n i k i i l , , Persian
MS: DZnishgZh 3514124 ( c a t . , XII, p . 2528)
MARRIAGE
- Siyagh-i n i k c b , Persian
MS: DanishgZh 3514125 ( c a t . , XII, p.2528)
1 . GENERAL
A L - M A J L I S ~ 11:
ANONYMOUS (belonging to late 9th c e n t u r y ) :
Niki;i?iyyo = Siyogh-i nik* , Persian
Nuzhat ai-orweb
MSS: Milli 126112 Arabic ( c a t . , IX, p . 2 4 9 ) ; DinishgZh 406417 ( c a t . ,
MSS: Bengal 647 ( c a t . , I , p.320); Dinishgxh 6875, 88216, 498913
( c a t . . V . ~ ~ . 2 0 8 5 - 7X.V , ~ . 4 0 7 7 .XVI, p.387); Radawi 2853 ( c a t . XIII, pp.3047-8); Mar'ashi 18717 , 60213, 168312 ( c a t . , I , p.207, 11,
p.196, V, p . 7 8 ) ; Waziri 131813 ( c a t . , 111, p.927); Faydiyya 91311
( c a t . , 111, p . 3 7 ) ; Gulpxyigini 104611, 141612 ( c a t . , 11, pp.224, 258);
Raaawi 5714 (Binish, p.907)
'IZZ AL-DTN A L - A M U L ~ (early 10th c e n t u r y ) :
Lum'a dar nikeb-i dC'irn wa m u t ' o , Persian ANONYMOUS (belonging to late 11th c e n t u r y ) :
MSS: Radawi 2552 ( c a t . , 11, p . 106); Faydiyya 161711 ( c a t . , 111,
p . 109); Malik 5445 (AB, XVIII, p p . 353-4); Dinishgih 310619 ( c a t . ,
Risiilo f7 $iyagh ' a q d 01-nik@
MS: Majlis 8311 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII, pp.183-4)
X I , p.2060); Majlis 843 ( c a t . , 111, p . 7 4 ) ; Mar'ashi 166715 ( c a t . , V,
p.62) MUUAMMAD B ~ Q I RB. ISMA'TL AL-UUSAYNI AL-KHWATONABAD~
( d . 1127):
Siyagh-i N i k F b , Persian
Sharb k . 01-nikzb
MS: Faydiyya 2020 ( c a t . , 11, p.80)
MS: D i r al-Kutub 19178 ( c a t . , I , p . 289)
MUUAMMAD B. MUUAMMAD Z A M ~ NAL-KASHANI:
'ABD AL-KARTM AL-BA'IRT :
K . 01-Nik* , his lectures compiled by MabrnCd al-Ashtiyini
Al-Hoqq 01-$uriibf7 me 15 b u d d minh f7 TjCb 01-nikiib = ol-Qawl 01-sagd
MSS: Mar'ashi 1675 ( c a t . , V, p.71); Majlis 196613 ( c a t . , IX, p.678);
Edition : Tehran, n . d .
Niirbakhsh 10815 ( c a t . , I , p.131)
2. ON PROPRIETY BETWEEN THE SEXES - Siyogh a / - n i k c b
MSS: Majlis 196611 ( c a t . , IX, pp.674-6); Nurbakhsh 10816 ( c a t . , I
'ATA' ALLAH B. MASiFj AL-AMULi (10th century 1: p . 132)
Fc'ida fT burrnot sirno' $owt a/-rnor'a l i ' I - r o j u l
MS: Majlis 433913 ( c a t . , XII, pp.38-9)
Siyagh a / - n i k c h
MS: Majlis 532511 ( c a t . , XVI, p.236)
RisZIo fT bukm 01-nogar i / Z wojh al-ainobiyya
MUUAMMAD JA'FAR AL-ASTARAB.%DT:
MSS: Princeton 1317 New Series (fols. 47b-64a); Waziri 374214 ( c a t . ,
Siyogh a / - n i k c b
MSS: DZinishg5h 406414 ( c a t . , XIII, p.3047); Rlar'ashi 154111 ( c a t . ,
188 A N I N T R O D U C T I O N TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON CONTRACTS

IV, p . 343); JJujjatiyya 70318 ( c a t . , p . 122); GulpZyigZni 141611 ( c a t . , $?.BIB AL-BADA'IQ:

11, p . 258); Milli 1 6 2 2 Arabic ( c a t . , X, p . 175) - Risiilo f7 b u r m a t 01-umm b i ' I k ' o q d ' o l o ' I - b i n t
MS: Tustariyya ( c a t . , VI, p.395)
4. ON LEGAL GUARDIANS
- Al-Sawiirim a/-qiisimo l i - z u h i i r ol-jZmi'Tn b a y n b i n t o y n min w u l d Fiifima
LUTF ALLAH AL-MAY ST : MSS: Mar'ashi 345018 ( c a t . , IX, p.244); Niirbakhsh 43712 ( c a t . , 11,
pp. 132-3)
~ l - w ~ t h i i wo
' i ~' I - ' i q i i l = RisZilo f7 f o s k h ol-zawjo ol-saghTro n i k i i b
01-war lahe b a ' d k i b a r i h i i
MS: Amir al-Mu'minin (AB, XXV, p.26)
AL-BIHBAHAN? :
- RisZlo fijowcz ol-jam' b o y n FZ;timiyyotoyn
'ALf N A Q ~A L - K A M A R A ' ~ : MSS: Radawi 8218 ( c a t . , V , p.431); RawdZti (AB, XX, p.72)
fi wilZyot ai-ob wo ' I - [ o d d f i '1-nikiib
Risiilo - Risclo f7 b u t l i i n 01-'oqd ' o l o 'I-saghTro l i - o i l 01-mabramiyya
MS: Majlis 33314 ( c a t . , X, p.1129) MSS: DinishgZh 5418111 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 5); GulpZyigZni 1870.9 ( c a t . ,
111, p . 9 1 ) ; Zanjini 7612 ( c a t . , p.222)
AL-FAYO :
BUSAYN A L - Q A Z W ~ N ~ :
Risiilo f i 'I-wilciya ' a l o ' I - b i k r f i 'I-tozwTi
MSS: Majlis 3818111 ( c a t . , X, p . 1844); Mar'ashi 140119 ( c a t . , IV - Ghiiyot o l - i k h t i y i i r f7 obkZm m u n ~ k o b o ta l - k u f f c r
p p . 176-7) MS: Majlis 3781 ( c a t . , X, p.1768)
- RisZIa f7 b u k m n i k e b a/-soghTra l i - g h o r o d mobromiyyot ummihc
MUJJAMMADJA'FAR B . 'ABD ALLAH AL-BUWAY Zf : MSS: Raaawi 259518 ( c a t . , 11, p . 118); Zanjzni 7618 ( c a t . , pp.220-1)
Risiilo f i ' I - w o $ i y y o b i ' I - n i k c b
MS: AdabiyyZt 27513 KirmZn ( c a t . , p.42) AL-KIRMANSHAH~
:
Man' ol-man' min ol-jam' b o y n F i i t i m i y y a t o y n , in refutation of SZQib
KIlALAF B. 'ABD A L - ' A L ~ A L - B A B R ~ N ~ : a1-BadZ'iq's a b o v e - ~ e n t i o n e dtreatise
RisZilo fi wilZyot ol-mii$F iloyh b i 'l-tozwTj f i ' I - n i k i i b MSS: IIZhiyyZt 9812 A1 AqZ, 82812d ( c a t . , I , p.714, 11, p.22)
MS: Mar'ashi 345019 ( c a t . , IX, p . 245)
AL-QUMMi :
A L - S I I A R ~ F AL-!JUSAYN~ (12th c e n t u r y ) : - Risiila f i 'I-aqd ' o l o 'I-7aghTro li,mujarrod 01-mabromiyyo, included
F i i ' i d o f i wiliiyot ol-ob wo ' I - j o d d ' o l o ' I - b i i k i r a in his al-Rasc'il (see above, chapter 5)
MS: DZnishgZh 559012 ( c a t . , XVI, p.41) - Risiila f7 d o ' w 5 ol-mar ' a k h u l u w w o h i i ' o n ol-mZni'
MSS: Gharb 646122 ( c a t . , p.257); Majlis 4298 ( c a t . , XI, p.313);
MUJJAMMAD MAHDf AL-BUSAYNT AL-MASHHADT: BurEjirdi (AB, XI, p.184)
Risiilo f7 wiliiyot al-ab f i ' I - n i k Z b
MS: Majlis 180416 ( c a t . , IX, p.321) ' A L ~B . MUBAMMAD (early 13th c e n t u r y ) :

'ALT B . M U ~ A M M A DB U S A Y N AL-SHAHRASTANT:
QZifi'ot ol-mirii' t7 tobqTq m u j o r r o d 01-iddisc'
MS: Mar'ashi 3133 ( c a t . , VIII, p.362)
RisZilo f i 'I-wiliiya ' o l o ' I - b i k r
Edition: Tehran, 1320 AL-SHAFT1 :
- Risiilo f7 jowiiz 01-ittikijl ' o l i i qowl ol-nisii' f7 i n t i F ' mawiini' ol-nikEb
5. ON LEGAL OBSTACLES
- Risiilo f7 burmat 'umm ol-mowfii' wo b i n t i h wa u k h t i h ' o l o ' I - w i i f i '
A L - K A R A K ~:
Both included in his Su '3 wo jowcb (see above, chapter 5)
S h u r i i f 01-nikiib
MS: Mar'ashi 68014 ( c a t . , 11, p.273) 'ABD ALLAH AL-KIRM~~NSH~~H~:
Mas'olo f7 imro'o i ' t o a a d o t onna zawiahiitolloaahZfo-tozowwoiat thumma
ANONYMOUS (belonging to 10th c e n t u r y ) :
t a b o y y n 'odom 01-foliib
Risiilo f i ' I - w o f y b i 'I-shubho MS: IIZhiyyZt 81913d ( c a t . , 11, p.20)
MS: DZnishgZh 696311 ( c a t . , XVI, p.412)

A L - K H W A J O ' ~: Al-TohrTm b i 'I-musiihoro, a s a commentarv on t h e relevant discussion

Risiilo f7 'odam jowcz tozwTj ol-mu'mino b i ' I - m u k h 3 i f in al-'All~ma's i r s h k d 01-odhhiin
MS: Mar'ashi 114213 ( c a t . , 111, p.316) Editions: Tehran, 1305, 1326, Tabriz, 1375 (all together with his
190 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON CONTRACTS 191

MS: Faydiyya 99311 ( c a t . , 111, p.47) AL-MAJLIS~ I :

Rip'ZiCiyyo, Persian
'ABD A L - R A S ~ LA L - F ~ R ~ ~ Z K ~ H ~ : MSS: D i n i s h g i h 944110 ( c a t . , V, pp.1901-2); Majlis 4903117, 516813
Risiila T b u k r n ' o q d 01-inqifZ' ' o l o 'I-gaghTr ow 01-2aghTro l i ' I - m o b r o m i y y ( c a t . , XIV, p.125, XV, pp.305-6); Radawi 6703 ( c a t . , V, p.445);
Edition: T e h r a n , 1321 Malik 1752 ( c a t . , 11, p.411); Waziri 99014 ( c a t . , 11, p.809); Faydiyya
34613 ( c a t . , 111, p.9); G u l p i y i g i n i 68613, 104612 ( c a t . , 11, pp.203,
RABAT ~ I U S A Y NAL-GOPXLPORT: 224); Mar'ashi 7014, 371913, 303414 ( c a t . , I , p.84, VIII,p.2225, X,
A/-Wol7za a/-'6gimo m i n s h u b h o t b u r m a t 01-jam' b a y n t h i n t o y n m i n w u l d p.119); Milli 159813 Arabic ( c a t . , X , p.129)
FCtimo
Edition: Locknow, 1372
MUBAMMAD FAQIL B . MUIJAMMAD MANDf AL-MASHHADT ( d . a f t e r 1086):
Mas ' o l a f! 'l-r!Q';'
AIJMAD AL-ZANJAN~: MS: Radawi 278312 ( c a t . , V, p.456)
MuborromCt-i o b o d i y y o , Persian BUSAM AL-DfN B . JAMXL AL-DiN A L - T U R A Y A
~ L~- N A J A F ~ ( d . a f t e r
Edition: Qum, n . d .
1094): '

6. ON FOSTER RELATIONSHlP A l - T o b z i r o a / - j a l i y y o f i ' I - m o s 6 ' i l 01-muhimmo 01-rip'?itiyyo

MSS: Milli 159812 Arabic ( c a t . , X , p. 129); IJakim ( s e e also AB, 111,
AL-KARAKI
: p.317)
RisClo f i '/-rip';'
Edition: T e h r a n , 1313 (in the collection of 01-Rip'z'iyyct wo ' I - k h a r F j i y y a t )
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 68017, 277312 ( c a t . , 11, p.274, VII, p.332); R i p ' c ' i y y o , Persian
Majlis 4566113 ( c a t . , XII, p.264); T u s t a r i y y a ( A B , XI, p.192); Edition: T e h r a n , 1313 ( i n t h e above-mentioned collection)
S i p a h s i l i r 2533110 ( c a t . , V , p.54); Princeton 1399 New Series MSS: Los Angeles M58712 ( c a t . , p.682); Masjid-i A'zam 3147

AL-QATiFf : MUIJAMMAD HADf B . MUIJAMMAD ~ H L I BA L - M A Z A N D A R A N ~ :

in refutation of al-Karaki's above-mentioned t r e a t i s e
Risiilo f i ' / - r i p ' ; ' , Risiila f7m o ' r i f o t obkZim 01-rip'Z'
Edition: T e h r a n , 1313 ( i n t h e above-mentioned collection) MSS: Mar'ashi 1409114, 371912 ( c a t . , I V , p. 190, X, p.119); Nawwib
MSS: D i n i s h g i h 704318 ( c a t . , XVI, p. 437) ; Radawi 7622 ( B i n i s h , p. 826) 27111 l a w ( c a t . , p.473)
ANONYMOUS(written in 931-74): ABU 'L-IJASAN B . MUBAMMAD TXHIR A L - S H A R ~ FA L - F U T ~ N ~
RisClo f i '/-rip';'
A L - ' A M I L ~ ( d . 1138):
MS: S i n i 28212 ( c a t . , 1 , p.141) RisZiio f i ' I - r i d 7
MSS: DZr al-Kutub 3326j ( c a t . , I , p.356); DinishgZh 7135 ( c a t . , XVI,
IJUSAYN 5 . 'ABD AL-$AMAD: p.463); Mar'ashi 371911 ( c a t . , X, p.118)
RisZila f i '/-rip'?
MSS: IJakTm, 2226 (AB, XX, pp.6-7); Majlis 516812, 613 TabZtabi'T ANONYMOUS (belonging t o mid-12th c e n t u r y ) :
( c a t . , XV, p.305); Faydiyya 143012 ( c a t . , 111, p.91) MosZ'il 01-rip'?
MS: Waziri 181912 ( c a t . , 111, p.1064)
MXJID AL-SHAYBXNT:
MUVAMMAD B. 'ABD A L - K A R ~ MAL-TABATABA'? AL-BUR~JIRD~
RisZila f i 'I-rip'F' = I t h b C t 01-burma n o s o b o n wa r i p ' c ' a n
( d . before 1168):
MSS: DinishgZh 210514, 704317 ( c a t . , VIII, p.740, XVI, p.437)
Risiilo j7 r n o ' r i f o t obhiim a/-rip':'
MSS: D i n i s h g i h 110212, 1257137 ( c a t . , V , p.1902, VII, p.2677)
Qo w i i b i l 01-rip';'
Edition: T e h r a n . 1313 ( i n t h e above-mentioned C ~ l l e c t i ~ n )
~~ ~~
'ABD AL-NABT B . ABMAD AL-BAJJRAN~ ( d . a f t e r 1150):
Selected MSS: Ridawi 2788 ( c a t . , V , p.467); Mashhad, l l Z h i y y i t Rislila f i 'I-rip';'
219 ( c a t . , I , p.130); Majlis 2724, 4900119 ( c a t . , IX, pp.53-4, XIV, MS: Buriijirdi (AB, XI, p.192)
p.61); D i n i s h g i h 681711 ( c a t . , XVI, p. 368); Mashhad, Adabiyyit
5912 F a "v-v i d. ( c a t . . D . 193)
Translation: ~ e r s i a bi y ~ u l t i nBusayn al-WZ'iv al-AstarZbZdi ( d . a f t e r
A/-RiQ'Z'iyyo
1078), MS: DZnishgZh 5372 ( c a t . , XV, pp.4223-4)
MSS: Masjid-i A'zam 3148; Mashhad, Adabiyyit 2513 F a y y i d ( c a t . ,
A / - R i p ' C C i y y o = 01-Rodd ' o l Z mZi u ' t u r i p ' b i h 'a15 QowZibit 01-rip';' p.211)
MS: Baku MI40133 ( N o s h . , IX, p.241)
192 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPIIS ON CONTRACTS

~ A W I BAL-BADA'IQ : MUWAMMAD HASHIM A L - K H U R ~ S ; \ N ~ :

Koshf al-qin;', i n refutation of al-Dimid's l)awZbic 01-rip';' RisZlo-yi rip'Z'iyyo, Persian
MSS: D i n i s h g i h 89111 ( c a t . , V , p . 1988): Majlis 5434122 ( c a t . , XVI, Edition: Mashhad, 1340; T e h r a n , 1352
p.339); Los Angeles MI0612 ( c a t . , p.664)
'ABD AL-HADi B . ISMA'TL AL-vUSAYNf A L - S H T R A Z ~:
AL-QUMMT Al-Rig';' , h i s lectures compiled b y Mubarnmad T a q i al-Tabrizi
Risiila f7 ip'rii' 01-ukht ukhtohZ a/-gughrZ, included in h i s Jowiirni' Edition: Najaf, 1372
01-rosii'il ( s e e a b o v e , c h a p t e r 5)
AUMAD AL-ZANJAN~:
MUBAMMAD ' A L ~A L - H A Z A R J A R ~ Bf : Rip'z'iyyo, Persian
Al-Rip'Z'iyyo Edition: Qum, 1368
MS: Malik 2137 ( c a t . , I , p.337)
ANONYMOUS:
$ADR AL-D? N MUUAMMAD B . $ ~ L I AL-'AMILT
I ~ AL-I$FAI-ILN~( d . 1263):
R i s 3 o d a r rig';', Persian
S h a r b 01-Urjiizo 01-rip'ZSiyyo MS: Gawharshid 118711 ( c a t . , p . 123)
MSS: FaycJiyya 1105 ( C a t . , I , p.135); Majlis 545912, 642 T a b i t a b i ' i
( c a t . , XVI, p . 3 6 4 ) ; Mar'ashi 3724 ( c a t . , X, p.122) 7. ON TEMPORARY MARRIAGE

AL-MUFTD:
Riscilo d a r rip'ii' , Persian Al-Miijoz fi '!-miit'o
MS: Rurlljirdi (AB, XI, p.190) MSS: RaJawi 242'1 ( c a t . , 11, 11.6'1); Vatican 72012 Arabic ( c a t . , I

kbridgement: b y al-Karaki ( d . 9401, MS: DinishgZh 288814 ( c a t . , X ,

p.1733)
RisZIo fi 'I-rip'?'
Edition: T a b r i a . 1375 ( t o z e t h e r with h i s a/-Makcsib)
MS: FaycJiyya 99311 (cat., I I I , p . 4 7 )
AL-MURTAQL :
Mos'alo fi nikiib a/-mut'a, included in h i s S h o t 2 01-fowii'id (see above,
c h a p t e r 5)
RisCla fi 'I-rip'Z'
MS: Gawharshid 38 ( c a t . , p . 361)
FZ'ida fi 'I-mut'o
ZAYN A L - ' ~ B I D ~ N B . MUBAMMAD 'ALT AL-SABZAWAR~A L - I ~ F A H A N ~ MSS: D i n i s h z i h 2144 ( c a t . , IX, 11.806); Leiden 96713 Warn. ( c a t . .
( d . a f t e r 1312): IV, p.117)
- D u r r a t 01-durroyn AL-KHwAJU'T:
MS: Mar'ashi 240412 ( c a t . , VII, p . 6 )
RisCla fT jaw& barn1 01-zawjo a/-munqofi'o min bolad ilii iikhir
- Tubfat a/-olbiin
MS: Mashhad, Adabiyyit 2515 F a y y i a ( c a t . , pp.211-12)
MS: GulpZyigini 1627 ( c a t . , 11, p.155)
AL-KMUR~SANT:
Mos'alo fi 'I-ikhliil bi-dhikr a/-ojal fi "I-mul'o
Risiila fi 'I-rip'ZC Edition: T e h r a n , 1318 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s D u r a r ol-fawii'id)
MSS: Majlis 271412 ( c a t . , IX, p p . 19-20); T u s t a r i y y a 34412 ( c a t .
p p . 853-4)
8. ON NUPTIAL GIFT
AL BAIjR AL-'UL~M:
AL-MUFTD:
Risiilo fi 'I-rip'ii' , included in h i s Bulghot 01-faqTh ( s e e above,
RisZlo fi 'I-mahr
c h a p t e r 5)
MS: T u s t a r i y y a 7812 ( c a t . , p.831)
AL-KHURASANT: BAHA' AL-DfN AL-'T\MILT:
Risiila fi 'I-rip'Z' Risiilo f7 jowiir man' 01-zowjo nafsohz 'an 01-zowj b a t t o taqbig' a/-mahr
Edition: B a g h d a d , 1331 (in h i s ShodhorZt)
MSS: Majlis 1805155, 4900151 ( c a t . , IX, pp.357-8, XIV, pp.75-6);
Commentary: b y Mahdi 81-Khiligi, edited Baghdad, 1331 ( i n h i s
Diinishgih 91815 ( c a t . , V , p.1784); G u l p i y i g i n i 16 ( c a t . , I , p.136)
01-DarZrT al-IEmi'iit)
194 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHfCf LAW

Risiilo f7 t o m o l l u k a / - m o h r ajmo' b i - r n u j a r r a d 01-'oqd

MS: Princeton 22919 Yahuda ( c a t . , p . 138) ON UNILATERAL OBLIGATIONS

AHMAD 8 . I B R ~ H ~BM
. ' i S k B . DARWTSH AL-BAJJRiiNf ( d . a f t e r 1171):
DIVORCE
Risiila f7 i s t i b q i i q 01-rnahr i d h i i miit a h a d a / - z a w j o y n q a b l a / - d u k h i l
MS: Princeton 22918 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.138)
AL-MURTAQA:
AL-QUMMT :
Mas'aia f i 'I-talL7q aoithalZith b i - l a f z w i i b i d , included in h i s S h o t c t
R ~ s i i l of7 mas ' o l a t 01-shii-bahii, included in h i s ol-RosZi'il a n d h i s a / - f o w o ' i d ( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5)
Jawiimi' 0 1 - r o s i i ' i l ( s e e a b o v e , c h a p t e r 5)
AL-KARAKT :
'ABD ALLAH AL-MAMAQANT:
Risiiia f7 taicq aolyho'ib
GhZiyot a / - s u ' i l f7 i n t i ~ i i foolmahr b i ' I - m a w t q o b l 0 1 - d u k h i l M S : S i p a h s i l i r 2919121 ( c a t . , V , p ,306); Shiraz . ~inishgih
Edition: Najaf, 1344 (in h i s a / - l t h n i i ' a s h o r i y y o )
AL-SHAI-ITDAL-THANT :
MUUSIN AL-AMTN A L - ' A M I L ~ :
Risiilo f7 t a i i i q aolbo'ig' wo ' I - y h i i ' i b , included in his M o j m i i ' o t 01-
Qiyii' a/-'uqiil f7 b u k m 01-mahr o d h i i mot o b o d o i - z a w j a y n q a b i i f i i d i i t ( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5)
ol-dukhiil
Edition: Sidon, 1332 'ABD ALLAH AL-TUSTART:
9. ON CHILDREN R i s i i l a f i ' I - t o / @ o l - r a j C T , included in h i s a / - R o s i i ' i l ( s e e above,
c h a p t e r 5)
UUSAYN AL-QAZWTN~:
ABMAD A L - B A I ~ R ~( dN. ~1131):
R i s i i l a f7 b u k m mowt 01-wolad f7 b o f n u m ~ n i hwo b a y i i t i h ma' m a w t
01-umm Risiiio fT o n n o 'I-yalqo wo ' I - t a l q o t a y n ha1 t a b q o b i 'I-tablTI ow
MSS: RarJawi 259517 ( c a t . , 11, p . 1 1 8 ) ; Zanjini 7617 ( c a t . , pp.220-1) ton 'adim
MS: Princeton 229118 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.139)
10. ON MAINTENANCE
AL-KHWAJO '1 :
- FZi'ida f7 talZiq 01-war
M u ~ h i r01-rnukhtiir f7 b u k r n 01-nikL7b ma' 01-i'siir MS: Princeton 1317 New Series (fols. 45b-46a)
MSS: Mailis 532512 ( c a t . , XVI, p.2347); IlXhivvit 9813 A1 La%. 82813d - A l - F a r q b a y n 01-taliiq 01-raj'T wa ' I - b i i ' i n
( c a t . , I ; p.114, 11, p . 2 3 ) ; z a n j i n ( c a t . , p . i 4 3 ) MS: Mar'ashi 311212 ( c a t . , VIII, p.337)

A L - Q U M M ~:
Mas ' a l o f7 n a f a q a t a / - z a w j a a/-mufg'ayo - R i s i i l a f7 i n f i r i i d o i - f o l t q bi-'iwag' 'on a / - k h u l ' , included in h i s
MS: I l i h i y y i t 81914d ( c a t . , 11, p . 2 0 ) a / - R a s i i ' i l a n d JawFmi' a i - r a s o ' i l ( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5 ) .
-
MUWAMMAD B . 'LSHOR AL-KIRMANSHAHT : u u k m a/-taliiq bi-da'w; a / - w i k i i l a ' a n a i - z a w j ma' i n k i i r i h
MS: Mar'ashi 125919 ( c a t . , IV, p . 6 3 ) ; Zanjin ( c a t . , p.142)
Riszia f7 n o f o q a t a/-zawja
-
MS: Mar'ashi 257513 ( c a t . , VII, p . 164) Risiila f7 d a ' w i i a/-taiL7q ma' i n k i i r 01-zawja, included i n his a / - R a s i i ' i l
( s e e above, c h a p t e r 5)
MUWAMMAD BAQIR B. MUJJAMMAD JJASAN A L - B ~ R J A N D ' ~( d . 1352): - Risiilo f7 i q r i i r 01-rajul b i - l a / @ z o w j a t i h
Risiilo f7 i ' s i i r aalzowj M : Mar'ashi 125918 ( c a t . , IV, p . 6 2 )
MS: Mar'ashi 341011 ( c a t . , IX, p.193)
ANONYMOUS (mid-13th c e n t u r y ) :
RisEiio ti b u k m t a i i i q m u d d a C T 0 1 - w i k a o ' a n 01-zawj ma' i n k i i r a l - z a w j ,
a s a commentary on al-Qumrni's second t r e a t i s e above
MS: Faygiyya 137311 ( c a t . , 111, p . 8 7 )
 MONOGRAPHS ON UNILATERAL OBLIGATIONS 197
196 AN INTRODUCTION TO S H T ' ~ LAW
MANUMISSION
SAHIB AL-MAQLBIS:
Moblogh 01-nozor wa notTjot a / - f i k o r = R i s i i l o f7 i q r o r a / - z o w j bi-yoir7q
zawjotih
A d o b - i s a n i y y a , Persian
MSS: D i n i s h g i h 182712 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 4 2 4 ) ; Princeton 373711 New
MS: Rawditi (cat., I , pp.72 f f )
Series; Faydiyya 1713 ( c a t . , 111, p . 1 ) ; Buriijirdi (AB, XIX, p . 5 7 )
MUJJAMMAD ASHRAF B . 'ABD AL-JJASTB A L - ~ U S A Y N ~ :
IBN TAWQ AL-BAIJRA1i'i:
RisZila d a r t a d b T r - I ' a b d , Persian
Mos'oio f7 joi?iq 01-bz'iq',
MS: Diinishgiih 589414 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 1 3 6 )
MS: Mar'ushi 2538115 ( c a t . , VI, p . 3 3 9 )
AL-QUMMi :
AL-SHAFTT :
- Risiila f7 lo1i;q
m u d d o 'T 01-wikiiio ' a n 01-zowj ma' i n k o r 01-zowj
RisZla f7 m Z l i k i y y a t a l ' o b d , included in h i s o l - R a s 5 ' 1 l ( s e e above,
chapter 5 )
MS: Fayaiyya 108915 ( c a t . , 111, p . 5 4 )
-
R i s l j l a /7 b u k m ~ u / b a q q 0 1 - r u j i ' f i '1-tolCq 01-roj'T
MS: Mar'ashi 339311 ( c a t . , IX, p . 1 7 9 )
Ircihot a / - s h u k i k fT t a m a l l u k a/-mamliik
MS: Mar'ashi 3401 ( c a t . , IX, p . 1 8 5 )
MUUAMMAD S I ~ A F ' ~B.
' 'ABD A L - M A J ~ DA L - M ~ Z A N D A R ~ N ~ :
RisZlo f7 $ u i b b o q q a / - r u j i i ' f i 'I-JalCq MUIJAMMAD ' A L ~AL-SHAFTi:
MS: Mar'ashi 179812 ( c a t . , V, p . 1 8 4 )
Risiilo f7 i t l 5 f a l ' o b d m51 01-mow15 wo j i n 5 y o t i h ' a l o y h
MS: Mar'ashi 199511 ( c a t . , V , p . 3 6 6 )
MUUAMIMAD T A Q ~AL-EIARAWi:
-
RisZia f7 ta1i;q a i - r o w j o bik'iwoq' m i n h a
MS: Diinishgih 371311 ( c a t . , XII, p . 2712) CONFESSION
-
U Z s h i y o ' a i i ; RisCirit ro1i;q o a i r o w j o b i - ' i w o q ' m i n h z , a commentary on
al-Qummils f i r s t treatise above
IJUSAYN B . 'ABD AL-SAMAD :
MS: Dinishgiih 371312 ( c a t . , XII, p . 2 7 1 3 )
Risiila f i ' I - i a r z r , a s a commentary on t h e relevant c h a p t e r of al-
'ABD AL-UUSAYN B . ' A L ~AL-TIHRANT, SHAYKH A L - ' I R ~ Q A Y N ' A l l i i m ~ '~~o h ? i ' i d01-abki;m
( d . 1286): MSS: Diinishgih 91816 ( c a t . , V , p p . 1 8 6 5 - 6 ) ; Majlis 4900149 ( c a t .
M o s ' o l a f7 tawkT1 01-zowja f i ' I - & ~ l i i q q'imn ' o q d 1i;rim
XIV, p . 7 4 )
MS: Dinishgiih 77011 ( c a t . , V , p . 1 7 9 8 )
AL-QUMMT :
AL-KHURASANT: RisZila f7 i q r c a / - r a j u l b i - f a l ~ i q z o w j o t i h ( s e e a b o v e , monographs on
divorce)
MaqClo f i "ito1i;q
Edition: B a g h d a d , 1331 ( i n h i s S h o d h a r o t )
~ A J ~ AL-MAQABIS:
IB
MUHAMMAD BAQIR AL-DfRJANDf : M o b l a g h 01-nocar ( s e e above, monographs on divorce)
RisFio f i ' I - r u j i i ' f i 'I-Ta1i;q
MS: Mar'ashi 341012 ( c a t . , IX, p . 1 9 4 ) A L - A N $ ~ :R ~
RisZia f7 q c ' i d a t man maiok s h o y ' o n molak 0 1 - i q r i i r b i b
Editions: T a b r i z , 1303 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s K . 0 1 - T a h Z r o ) , 1375
EXPIATION ( t o g e t h e r with h i s a / - M o k i i s i b )
Commentary: b y 'Abd Alliih al-Miimaqiini , edited Najaf, 1345 ( i n h i s
a / - Q a l F ' i d 01-tham7na)
A L - M A J L I S ~ 11:
ABD A L L ~ HA L - M A M A Q ~ N: ~
RisClo d o r k o f t E r C t , Persian
MSS: Mar'ashi 18714, 168313 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 0 6 , V, p . 7 8 ) ; Gulpiyigani Risiila f7 i q r Z r ba'p' 01-worotha b i - d a y n wa i n k o r o o l b i i q i
122315 ( c a t . , 11, p . 2 3 6 ) Edition: Najaf, 1344 ( i n h i s 0 1 - I t h n Z ' a s h a r i y y o )
198 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW

OATHS AND VOWS E

1. GENERAL ON 'RULES'

ANONYMOUS (belonging to l o t h c e n t u r y ) :
Abkzm-i yamTn wa nadhr wo ' o h d , Persian HUNTING AND SLAUGHTERING
MS: Mar'ashi 304816 ( c a t . , VIII, p.267)
1. GENERAL
AL-MAJLIST 11:
FJUSAYN B . ROFJ ALLAH A L - F J U S A Y N ~ AL-TABASi (late 10th c e n t u r y ) :
RisZilo dor nadhr , Persian
MS: Gawharehid 1169 ( c a t . , p . 192) Shikiiynzmo = Sayd wo dhobzba, Persian
MS: Asafiyya 155 S h i ' i law ( c a t , , 11, p p ,254-5); Wlalik 1644 (AB,
RAP? AL-DTN B . MUBAMMAD NAB1 AL-QAZWiNi: XV, p.105)

Risiila f i 'I-nodhr AL-SHTRWAN?;

MS: ZanjXn ( c a t . , p ,130)
Risiilo dor $oyd wa dhabzba, Persian
JAMXL A L - D ~ NAL-KHCVXNSARY: MS: FayrJiyya 166515 ( c a t . , 111, p.113); I g f a h i n , Adabiyyst ( N o s h . ,
V, p.304)
RisZila f i 'I-nodhr
MS: Majlis 8412 K h u ' i ( c a t . , VII, p.388) MUWAMMAD B. MUBAMMAD RIPA AL-QUMMT (late 11th c e n t u r y ) :

2. SPECIFIC K . 01-Sayd wa ' I - d h a b z ' i b

MS: Masjid-i A'qam 3134
'ABD ALLAH AL-TUSTART:
' A L ~B . BUSAYN A L - K A R B A L ~ ' ~ :
Risiila j7 anno 'I-nodhr hol yota'allaq b i 'I-mubcb, included in h i s
01-Rasz'il (see above, c h a p t e r 5) Abkzm-i soyd wa d h o b z ' i b , Persian
MS: Mar'ashi (AB, XV, p.106)
MUIJAMMAD RIQA A L - M H Z A N D A R X N ~( e a r l y 12th c e n t u r y ) :
'ABD AL-KARiM B. MUIJAMMAD HBDT AL-TABASi ( e a r l y 12th c e n t u r y ) :
Risiila dar nodhr-i mu'alloq b i - b a e d or marg, Persian
MS: Mar'ashi 331212 ( c a t . , IX, p . 9 3 ) Tabsirat 01-ShT'a j7 abkzm a/-dhob7b0, Persian
MS: Tiflis 44012 ( N a s h . , VIII, p.221)
A L - M U K H T A R:~
MUIJAMMAD TAQT AL-NURf:
-
'Umdat 0 1 - n z ~ i rf7 'uqdot 01-nzdhir - Riscila j7 bullFn 01-nadhr 01-
mu'alloq bi-mi7 mo'd 01-mowt RisEila f i "I-$ayd wa 'I-dhabzbo, Persian
MS: D i n i s h g s h 4002 ( c a t . , XII, p.2991) MS: IJujjatiyya 612 ( c a t . , p.25)
-
Inzrat 01-yurGs, a commentary on a sentence of t h e c h a p t e r on vow of 'ALIAL-QLRPCIZABAD~:
al-Shahid al-Awwal's a/-DurCs 01-shar'iyyo
MS: Mar'ashi 338213 ( c a t . , IX, pp.159-60) K . 01-Sayd wa 'I-dhabz'ih, Persian
Edition: T e h r a n , 1288
AL-SARAB :
2. SPECIFIC
Risiila dar nadhr-i ta$adduq, Persian
MS: DZnishgSh 209119 ( c a t . , VIII, p . 716) AL-MUFTD:
Riszla IT tabrTm dhabc'ib Ah1 a/-Kitzb
MSS: S i p a h s i l i r 253317 ( c a t . , IV, p . 546); D i n i s h g i h 6914121 ( c a t . ,
XVI, p . 398) : Berlin 10276lfols. 43b-47 ( S e z g i n , I , p . 550); Mar'ashi
369411 ( c a t . , X , p.92)

MUWAMMAD B . ~ A R I T HA L - M A N $ ~ A
R~L - B A I J R ~ ~( dN. ~a f t e r 952):
Mas'ala j7 i s h t i r z t i s t i q r z r a/-boyzt f i 'I-dhabTbo
MS: Majlis 276117 ( c a t . , IX, p . 159)

A L - A R D A B ~ L ?:
Mas'alo f i 'I-dhibb = Riszla f7 k i E y a t basmolat a/-dhzbib 01-junub wa
200 A N I N T R O D U C T I O N TO s ~ i ' LAW
i MONOGRAPHS ON 'RULES'
i n qogod qirci'ot i b d c 01-suwar o l ' o z c ' i m AL-KHwAJU'I:
MS: T a b r i z , Q a d i ( N o s h . , V I I , p . 5 2 2 )
RisClo ji jowiiz 01-todiiwT b i ' I - k h o m r
AL-MUJTAHID: MS: M a r ' a s h i 114214 ( c a t . , 111, p . 3 1 6 )
R isiilo f7 bukm d h o b c ' i b A h l 01-Kltiib A L - Q U M M ~:
MS: Majlis 398817 ( C a t . , X , p . 2 1 6 5 )
RisClo f7 b u k m ol-anfibo a l - m o ' k h c d h a min 01-moyto, i n c l u d e d i n h i s
BAHA' AL-DTN A L - ' A M I L ~ : Jowlirni' 01-rosii'il ( s e e a b o v e , c h a p t e r 5)

Risiilo 7
j d h a b c ' i b Ah1 a / - K i t c b 'ABD ALLAH A L - K I R M A N S H ~ H ~ :
E d i t i o n : T e h r a n , 1315 ( i n t h e c o l l e c t i o n of KalirnZt 01-mubaqqiqTn)
S e l e c t e d MSS: GulpZyigXni 14616, 24513, 24313 ( c a t . , I , p p . 1 3 6 , 228, Risiilo ji b u k m 01-safarjol 01-mughlc f i " I C o ~ Torl ' i n o b T qobl dhihCb
2 2 9 ) ; DZnishgZh 94418, 311915, 444811, 587315 ( c a t . , V , p p . 1 8 7 9 - 8 0 , 01-thuli~thayn
X I , p . 2073, X I I I , p . 3 4 0 6 , X V I , p . 1 1 7 ) ; ~ a r ' a s h i100316, 366712 MS: IlZhiyyZt 81911d ( c a t . , 11, p . 1 9 )
( c a t . , 111, p . 1 9 5 , X , p . 5 9 ) ; Milli 1391 A r a b i c ( c a t . , I X , p . 4 0 1 ) ;
P r i n c e t o n 15114 New S e r i e s ; B a k u M140.25 ( N o s h . , I X , p . 2 4 0 ) 3. ON T O B A C C O

MUJjAMMAD TAQT B . BUSAYN AL-NAQAWI A L - N A S ~ R A B A D ~( d . 1 2 8 9 ) :

AL-BURR AL- MIL^ :
RisCla fT burmot s h u r b 01-tutun wa ' I - q a h w o , i n c l u d e d i n h i s ol-FawC'id
Risclo fT d h o b z ' i b
Ah1 01-Kitzb, P e r s i a n
01-TGsiyya ( e d i t e d Q u m , 1404)
Edition: Locknow ( A B , XX, p.387)
MSS: Majlis 18051110, 4 9 0 0 l i 0 9 ( c a t . , I X , p p . 3 8 3 - 4 , XIV, p p . 104-5);
BANDA JjUSAYN B . MUUAMMAD AL-NAQAbVi A L - N A ~ ~ R A B A D T( d . 1295 D i n i s h g Z h 169914 ( c a t . , V I I I , p . 2 5 1 )

Risiilo f7 d h o b z ' i b Ah1 a / - K i t Z b , U r d u AL-AKHBARY :

Edition: Locknow ( A B , XX, p . 3 8 7 )
Risiila f7 burrnot a / - g h a l y o n , P e r s i a n
ABU ' L - Q ~ S I MA L - R A P A W ~ AL-LAHURT (early 14th c e n t u r y ) : MS: W a z i r i 13517 ( c a t . , I , p . 1 7 6 )
Al-Jowiib b i 'I-gowiib fiburmot d h o b t ' i b Ah1 01-Kitcb ANONYMOUS ( w r i t t e n b e f o r e 1 2 5 7 ) :
Edition: L a h o r e , 1316
Risi;lo f7 burmot 01-tonblik
MS: M a r ' a s h i 7 5 0 . 8 ( c a t . , 11, p . 3 5 5 )
FOOD AND DRINK
MUVAMMAD B . 'ABD AL-WAHHAB A L - K A Z I M ~:
1. GENERAL D u r r o t 01-oslcik tib u k m d u k h i i n 01-tonbiik
MS: Uakim 386111
ANONYMOUS ( b e l o n g i n g t o 8 t h - 9 t h c e n t u r i e s ) :
Khulcgot 01-bayen, P e r s i a n 4. ON EPIDEMICS
MS: M a r ' a s h i 3008116 ( c a t . , V I I I , p . 1 9 2 )
NI'MAT ALLAH AL-JAZA'IRT:
RAPT A L - D ~ N MUUAMMAD B . UUSAYN AL-KHWANSAR~ ( e a r l y 12th Musokkin 01-shujcn f7 b u k m 01-firiir min a/-wabo' wa ' I - t o ' i i n
century): MSS: D i n i s h g Z h 587 ( c a t . , V , p p . 2 0 4 2 - 3 ) ; S i p a h s i l i r 5551 ( c a t . , V ,
MZ'ida-yi somiiwiyyo, P e r s i a n p.566); Malik 1868 ( c a t . , I , p . 6 7 4 ) ; M a r ' a s h i 3442 ( c a t . , I X , p p .
MSS: M a r ' a s h i 204 ( c a t . , I , p . 2 3 4 ) ; Majlis 1048 ( A B , X I X , p . 1 0 ) ; 228-9)
T a b r i z , Milli ( i b i d . )
BAIjR A L - ' U L ~ M :
2. SPECIFIC Risclo iT b u k m 01-firZr min 01-lC'iin
MS: T e h r a n , Mu471 ( A B , X I , p . 2 0 8 )
AL-SHAYKH
Mas ' a l n fT t o b r i i n 01-fuqqo'
MUUAMMAD J A ' F A R A L - A S T A R A B X D ~ :
MSS: B o d l e i a n A r a b . f . 6 4 l f o l s . 92b-97b; T u s t a r i y y a 30018 ( c a t . , S o j i n o t 01-nojlit f7 b u k m 01-firzr rnin 01-wobz' wa ' I - t Z ' i i n
p.850); Hakim 364; R a w a i t i ( g u j j a t i , p.627) MS: M a r ' a s h i 243712 ( c a t . , V I I , p . 3 1 )

M ~ ~ J IAL-SHAYBANT:
D
RisZlo ji b i l l i y y o t 01-'inob wa 'I-zobTb a/-rnulqoyoyn f i ' I - k h i l l li-kasb
01-bumiiq'o
MS: Mar'ashi ( A B , XI, p.177)
 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON 'RULES'

USURPATION AL-RASHTT :
K . / b y ; ' at-mowZit
1. GENERAL MS: T u s t a r i y y a 62212 ( c a t . , p.869)
A L - A N ~ A R T: 2. SPECIFIC
K . a/-Gho$b
MS: T u s t a r i y y a (AB, XVI, p.57)

MUUAMMAD JA'FAR B . MUBAMMAD BUSAYN AL-TIHRANi (late 13th MSS: karJawi'2443, 7618 ( c a t . , 11, p.69; B i n i s h , pp.784, 798);
century) : DZnishgih 695811 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 411); S i p a h s i l a r 339212 ( c a t . , 111,
K . a/-Gho$b p l l ; Majlis 314718 ( c a t . , X , p.725); Mar'ashi 140913 ( c a t . , IV,
MS: FayrJiyya ( c a t . , 111, p . 2 0 ) p.186); G u l p i y i g i n i 146 ( c a t . , I , p . 136); FayrJiyya 1290113 ( c a t . ,
111, p . 7 5 )

K . 01-Gho$b
MS: T u s t a r i y y a ( A B . , XVI, p . 5 6 ) K Z i r i z i y y o , Persian
MS: GawharshXd 1094 ( c a t . , p . 131)

MUJJAMMAD B ~ Q I RB . ZAYN A L - ' A B I D ~ N AL-KHWANST\R? ( d . 1313):

Edition: t e h r a n , 1322 Al-Nohriyyo
MSS: Malik 2398 ( c a t . , I , ~ . 5 2 7 ) ; Majlis 335211 ( c a t . , X , p p . 1175- Edition: IgfahZn, 1377
T u s t a r i y y a (AB, XIII, p . 3i9) MS: DinishgZh 183612 ( c a t . , VIII, p.431)

MUJJAMMAD TAQT B . MUJJAMMAD BAQIR AL-MASJIDSHAHT ( d . 1332):

FOUND PROPERTY
RisZilo f i ' I - g h o j b
Edition: T e h r a n , 1327

2. SPECIFIC K . 01-Luqoyo
MS: Ma'had 1295 ( c a t . , p . 112)
ANONYMOUS:
RisZila ,T a n n o h h a / yap'min g h e i b 01-khamr
MS: DZnishgih 111812 ( c a t . , V, p p . 1899-900) K . a/-Luqato ,
MSS: Majlis 37 TabZtabZ'T; Masjid-i A'cam 11793

PRE-EMPTION
INHERITANCE
AL-KHwAJU'I:
1. GENERAL
A/-Fusiil ti/-khomsa f i 'I-shuf'a
MS: D i n i s h g i h 79111 ( c a t . , V , p.1961)
AL-SHAY KH:
~ 1 - f i i ; zf i " I f a r Z i ' i d
RECLAMATION ~ d i t i o n : ~ a j a f ,13'83
MSS: Milli 194319 Arabic ( c a t . . X , D. 920); Radawi 6039 ( c a t . . V
1. GENERAL p.372); JJakim 364 ( c a t . , I , p . 79); - ~ u s t a r i y y a ' 3 0 0 1 1 0 ( c a t . , p ,850);
Mar'ashi ( U u j j a t i , p . 624); BurCjirdi 21813, 646 ( i b i d . )
MUUAMMAD SA'TD B . Q ~ S I MA L - J J U S A Y NAL-TABATABA"~
~ AL-QUHPT\'T
( d . 1092): MU'?N A L - D ~ NA L - M I S R ~ :
RawQ' 01-jinZin A/-Mo'Cna 7
'j rnosZi'i1 01-m>i;th
MS: Faydiyya 2037 ( c a t . , I , pp.120-1) MS: Masjid-i A'zam 308512

MUBSIN AL-KHANFAR: ANONYMOUS:

K . /by:' a / - m o w i i t , h i s lectures compiled b y Abii Tilib al-QZ'inT RisZIo f i 'I-mowZir7th
MS: Mar'ashi 1520 ( c a t . , IV, p.322) MS: Masjid-i A'cam 308514
204 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHf'f LAW MONOGRAPHS ON 'RULES' 205
NA$TR AL-DIN AL-TOST - AbE Ja'far Mubarnmad b . Mubarnmad b . Ijasan ANONYMOUS (written before 924):
( d . 672):
RisZla f i 'I-mTrZith
- A / - B o y y i n Z t ,T t a b r T r 01-mowlirFth MS: Majlis 271916 ( c a t . , IX, p.42)
MS: DinishgZh 768914 ( c a t . , XVI, p.672)
- J o w i i h i r 01-baqli'iq = 01-Farii'ip' 0 1 - N a ~ T r i y y a MUJJAMMAD B. AUMAD B. A B TALIB
~ (9th-10th c e n t u r y ) :
Selected MSS: Mar'ashi 4 9 1 1 , 226412, 345712 ( c a t . , I , p p . 60-1, Al-ForZi'ip'
VI, p.248, IX, p.256); Milli 124712 Arabic, 79512f ( c a t . , 11, p.322, MS: T e h r a n , F a r h i d Mu'tamid ( c a t . , p . 223)
IX, p.232); Raaawi 2749, 5711 ( c a t . , V, p.470); Masjid-i A'cam
308515; Adabiyyit 7014d ( c a t . , p . 191); Dinishgih 768413 ( c a t . , XV ANONYMOUS (written before 1039):
p.670)
Commentaries: ( 1 ) 01-Mas'ola a/-ni;fi'o l i ' I - m o b Z b i t h 01-jZmi'o li-aqsa RisZlo m u k h t o $ a r o f i 'I-mawZrTth
a / - w Z r i t h , by al-Sayyid 'Amid al-Din, edited T e h r a n , 1315 (in t h e col MS: Masjid-i A'zam 308513
lection of KolimZt 0 1 - m u b a q q i q i n ) , 1318 (together with a l - K h u r i s i n i ' s
D u r a r 0 1 - f a r Z ' i d ) , MSS: Milli 79512f ( c a t . , 11, p.323); Majlis 271917
( c a t . , IX, pp.42-3); Gulpiyigini 239712 ( c a t . , 111, p.245); Mar'ash MowZrTth , Pe~sian
236213 ( c a t . , VI, p.345); ( 2 ) 01-Durra a / - d u r r i y y a , by Fakhr al-Din MS: Milli 196614f (Cat., IV, pp.453-4)
Ahmad b . Muhammad a l - S a b i ' i , MSS: Milli 79515f ( c a t . , 11, p.324);
D i r a l - ~ u t u b20039 ( c a t . , I , p . 310); ( 3 ) by 'Abd al-vayy al-Ashra ANONYMOUS (belonging to 10th c e n t u r y )
a l - J u r j i n i , MS: Milli 79517f ( c a t . , 11, p . 326); ( 4 ) by Abu '1-Was
b . Abmad al-Abiwardi (mid-10th c e n t u r y ) , MSS: Milli 79518 ( c a t . , S h o r b k . 01-forz'ip' m i n a / - M u k t a g o r 01-nZfii'
pp.326-7); Waziri 126413, 124312 ( c a t . , 111, p p . 904, 910); Tustari MSS: Majlis 534014 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 252); Gawharshid 94011, 180811
85719 ( c a t . , p.877); Mar'ashi 226413, 9912, 236214, 47815 ( c a t . , I1 ( c a t . , p.280); Buriijirdi, 2 MSS (AB, XIII, p.379, XIV, p.97)
pp.83, 117, VI, p.248, 345); Dinishgih 781, 6262, 7176111, 717113
( c a t . , V, pp.1936-8, XVI, pp.225, 474); Agafiyya 119 S h i ' i law (ca
11, pp.247-8); Sini 225 ( c a t . , I , p.105); Mashhad, Adabiyyit 5914 RisZIo f i 'I-mowZrTth
Fayyia ( c a t . , p . 193); Raaawi 6513 ( c a t . , V, p.458); ( 5 ) Persian, MSS: Masjid-i A'zam 308516; Radawi 2757 ( c a t . , V, p.445);
anonymous, MSS: Sin5 22516 ( c a t . , I , p . 106); Ilihiyyit 29311 ( c a t . , DinishgZh 7684 ( c a t . , XVI, p.670); S i n i 22517 ( c a t . , I , p.106)
I , p.275); ( 6 ) by B a h i ' al-Din al-'Amili, MS: Raaay~i2359 ( c a t . ,
11, pp.45-6); ( 7 ) b y 'Abd Allih b . Khalil ( d . after 1006), MS: S i n i 'ALT B. M u J J Y ~ AL-DTN AL-JAMI'T AL-'AMILT ( d . a f t e r 1008):
22518 ( c a t . , I , p.106)
RisZla f i 'I-mii-Cth
AL-'ALLAMA: MSS: Adabivvit 24318 Kirmin ( c a t . , u . 3 8 ) ; Wazi1.i 234412 ( c a t . , IV,
p.1258); ~ & c i ~148415
~ a ( c a t . , 111, p . 9 4 )
R i s l i l a f i 'I-mawiirTth
MS: Masjid-i A'cam 308517 BAHH' AL-DTN AL-'AMILi:
- Al-ForZ'lq' a / - b o h Z ' i y y o , the chapter on inheritance of his 01-Hob1
IBN AL-MUTAWWIJ:
01-matTn (see above, chapter 5)
Al-FarZ'iq' Commentary: by Mubyi al-Din b . 'Abd al-Laiif al-Tami'i (11th c e n t u r y ) ,
MS: Igfahin, Adabiyyit ( N o s h . , V, p . 302) MSS: Mar'ashi 111814, 2362110 ( c a t . , 111, pp.289-90, VI, p.346)

'ALT B . WASAN A L - K H A T T ~ (early 9th c e n t u r y ) : - R i s z l o f i 'I-mawo%Tth

MSS: ~ u l ~ i ~ i g111412
i n i ( c a t . , 11, p.227); Ragawiyya 8714 ( c a t . ,
A I-FarZ'iq' p . 5 5 ) ; Waziri 106013 ( c a t . , 111, p.839)
MSS: Mar'ashi 345713, 2005, 236212 ( c a t . , IV, p . 8 , VI,-pp.343-4,
IX, p.256); Gulpiyigini 199311 ( c a t . , 111, p.130); Igfahin, MUIjAMMAD QASIM AL-SAWIJi, KHUDABAKHSH( d . after 1033):
Danishgih 1705811 ( c a t . , p . 928)
T u b a f a - y i RofT'T, Persian
AL-KARAKI
: Selected MSS: Dinishgih 5822 ( c a t . , XVI, p p . 98-9) ; Milli 93912f
( c a t . , 11, p.479); Majlis 7455, 9396; Faydiyya 935 ( c a t . , 11, p.11);
(see AB, VI, p
S h o r b m a b b a t h 01-mTrZth mln 01-Mukhto$ar 01-nZfi' Gulpiyigini 95 ( c a t . , I , p . 95); Mar'ashi 99, 3100 ( c a t . , I , p . 117,
193-4) VIII, p . 323); Masjid-i A'cam 340, 16543
MSS: Dinishgih 164314 ( c a t . , VIII, p.220, see also XVI, p p . 369, 62
for MSS 681712, 756412); Majlis 505911 ( c a t . , XV, pp.20-1) MU'IZZ AL-DTN AL-MOSAWT:
A L - S H A H ~ D AL-THANT : A l ' A s h o r a a/-kZmila
MS: Mar'ashi 363011 ( c a t . , X, p.30)
A l - H i i s h i y o '015 k . 01-forc'ip' min a / - M u k h t o g o r a/-nZfiifi'
MS: Majlis 534011 ( c a t . , XVI, p.251)
 208 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHi'f LAW MONOGRAPHS ON 'RULES'

MUUAMMAD TAHA NAJAF ( d . 1323):

K . a/-lrth Riscla f i 'I-babwa
MS: Diinishgzh 671113 ( c a t . , XVI, p.343) Edition: Najaf, 1324 (together with his 01-lnziif)

MUJJAMMAD JA'FAR AL-BUSAYNi AL-KASHANT: 'ABD ALLAH AL-MAMAQANT:

Risiila f i 'I-farii'ip' Tubfat a/-gafwa
Edition: Tehran, 1315 Edition: Tabriz , 1320

3. ON WIFE'S SHARE
Risiila dar i r t h , Persian
A L - S H A B ~ D AL-THANY :
MS: Mar'ashi 326511 ( c a t . , IX, pp.53-4)
Risiila ii mTrcth 01-zawja, included in his Majmii'at a/-ifcdiit (see above,
HADT AL-TIHRANT: chapter 5)
Riscla f i ' I - i r t h
MS: Majlis 275511 ( c a t . , IX, p . 142) MUJJAMMAD 'ALT A L - R A Q A W ~(late 11th c e n t u r y ) :
Risiila dar i r t h a/-zawja = Risiila f7 birmcn aolzawja ' a n ba'p' matriikiit
AL BABR AL-'ULUM: a/-zawj, Persian
Risiila f i 'I-mawiTrTth, included in his Bulghat a/-faqTh (see above,
MS: DinishgZh 3514126 ( c a t . , XII, p.2528)
chapter 5)
AL-KHWAJO 'i :
MUJJAMMAD HASHIM AL-KHURASANT : RisZla f7 i r t h 01-zawja
Risiila-yi i r t h , Persian
MSS: Mar'ashi 114211 ( c a t . , 111, p.315); Diinishgzh 710313 ( c a t . ,
Editions: Mashhad, 1340; Tehran, 1352, 1381 (with al-Khumaynits XVI, p.455)
footnotes) MUBAMMAD T A Q ~A L - N U R ~ :

2. ON RIGHT OF PRIMOGENITURE Risiila dar ~ r t h01-zawja, Persian (see AB, XI, p.55)
MS: JJujjatiyya 612 ( c a t . , p.25)

RisTila f i 'I-babwa wa abkiimihz, included in his Majmii'at 01-ifcdiit (see

AL BAJJR A L - ' U L ~ M :
above, chapter 5) Risiila f7 01-zawja, included in his Bulghat a/-faqTh (see above,
~rth
chapter 5)
AL-SHTRWANT:
SHAYKH A L - S H A R ~ ' A :
Risiila dar bob wa, Persian
MS: Faydiyya 1665121 ( c a t . , 111, p . 113); IgfahZn, Adabiyyiit ( N o s h . , - lbiinat 01-mukhtiir f7 i r t h 01-zawja min thaman a l ' i q i i r b a ' d 01-akhdh
V, p.304); Diinishgiih 7008120 ( c a t . , XVI, p.427) bi 'I-khiyiir
MSS: DiinishgZh 262711 ( c a t . , IX, p.1502); Majlis 325511 ( c a t . , X,
pp.843-4)
Riscla f i 'I-babwa Siycnat a/-lbcna ' o n wagmat 01-rifeno
MSS: Mar'ashi 114212 ( c a t . , 111, p . 315); Diinishgiih 710314 ( c a t . , MSS: Diinishgiih 262713 ( c a t . , IX, p.1503); Majlis 325513 ( c a t . , X ,
XVI, p.455) p p . 844-5)

IBN TAWQ AL-BAURANT : 'ABD ALLAH A L - M A M A Q ~ N T:

Jawiib mas 'ala ' a n 01-babwa A/-Mubiikama bayn 01-'alamayn t T far' 'adam i r t h a/-zawja min
MS: Mar'ashi 2358114 ( c a t . , VI, pp.338-9) 01-ariifl
Edition: Najaf, 1344 (in his a / - l t h n i i ' a s h a r i y y a )
MUJJAMMAD B. 'ASHOR AL-KIRMANSHAHT :
4. MISCELLANY
Risiila f i 'I-babwa
MS: Mar'ashi 257512 ( c a t . , VII, p . 164)

'ALT B. RIQA ZL BABR A L - ' U L ~ M : Sharb 01-mas'ala a/-nahbiyya, a commentary on a question of the
chapter on inheritance of al-'Alliima's Qawii'id 01-abkiim (see above,
Rislila f i 'I-babwo
Edition: chapter 5)
Tehran, 1290-1 (together with his 01-Burhen 01-qiiti')
 /
210 A N INTRODUCTION TO SHI'TLAW MONOGRAPHS ON 'RULES' 211

ANONYMOUS (written befor 1040): MUUAMMAD BASAN B. MUJJAMMADT A Q ~( d . a f t e r 1267):

S h a r b mos'olo min rnasZ'il m i r Z t h 01-QowZ'id, a commentary on anothe K . 01-QodZ' wo 'I-shohZdZt
question of al-'Allima's above-mentioned work (see above, chapter 5) MS: Los Angeles M904 ( c a t . , p.321)

AL-QUMM~:
RisZlo f7 onnoh idhZ mZt obad wo ' o l o y h doyn ow w a ~ i y y ofa-ha1 - K . 01-QodZ'
yantaqil 01-toroko ilo 'I-warotho om I F , included in his a/-RosZ'il and MSS: Ma'had 1352 ( c a t . , p.116); Faygiyya 99311 ( c a t . , 111, p.47);
JowZrn;' 01-rasZ'il (see above, chapter 5) Majlis 403 Tabitabz'i ; Gawharshid 78511 ( c a t . , p ,369)

'ABD ALLAH AL-KIRMXNSHAHT: - K . 01-QodZ', his lectures compiled by Muhammad Taqi al-Tunukibuni
MS: Mar'ashi 1992 ( c a t . ,V, p.363)
Mas'ola f7 i r t h man qatal wolodoh k h a f o ' o n
- K . 01-QodZ', another collection of his lectures compiled by JJusayn b .
MS: Ilihiyyzt 81915d ( c a t . , 11, p.21)
Muhammad Basan al-Musawi al-Dsrb Imimi
MSS: Radawi 2526 ( c a t . , 11, p . 9 6 ) ; Majlis 169 Khu'i ( c a t . , VII,
ARBITRATION p.217)

1. GENERAL AUMAD AL-FAYPT:

A/-QodZ' wo 'I-shohZdZt
AL-QUMMT : MS: Gawharshid 38 ( c a t . , 361)
RisZlo f i ' I - q o d Z ' , included in his ol-RosZ'il and JowZmi' 01-rosZ'il
(see above, chapter 5) ANONYMOUS (belonging to late 13th c e n t u r y )
K . 01-QodZ'
AJJMAD AL-KIRMANSHAHT : MS: Fayaiyya 99312 ( c a t . , 111, p.47)
MonZhij 01-obkZm (see AB, XXII, p.340)
MSS: Ilihiyyit 112-13 A1 Aqi (cat., I , p.804) 'ALT AKBAR A L - Q A Z W ~ N ~ :
Risiilo f7 boyZn abkZm oolqodZ'
MS: Milli 1783117 Arabic ( c a t . , X , p.368)
QoniidTl 01-'osjadZt
MSS: Mar'ashi 2355, 2600 ( c a t . , VI, p . 330, VII, p . 185); Radawi 'ALT AL-KANT :
7038 ( c a t . , V, p.475); K , 01-QadZ' = TobqTq a / - d o l Z ' i l
Editions: Tehran, 1304, 1317
AL-MUJ~HID: MS: Gharb 110311 ( c a t . , p.289)
K . 01-QodZ'
MS: Gawharshzd 594 ((Cat.,
c a t . , p.370) A L - R A S H T ~:
K . al-Qod6'
AJJMAD AL-NARAQT: Edition: Qum, 1401 .-
K . 01-QodZ' wo 'I-shohZdZt I MSS: Mailis
MSS. Majiis 3275.
3275, 335212.
335212, 5309,
5309. 37 Tabztabz'i, 45 T ~ a bbiittaabbi 'ii ' i ( c a t . ,
MS: Biqiriyya (AB, XVII, p.140) xX ,, pp.88i-4,
pp.883-4, 1175-6, XVI, p.225); .'Abd'Abd al-'A~im 328 (cat.,( c a t . , p.469);
DXnlshgZh 671112 ( c a t . , XVI, p . 343); Mashhad, Ilihiyyit 800 ((Cat.,
DXnishrZh cat.,
MUJJAMMAD Q U L ~B. MUBAMMAD AL-KANTURT ( d . 1260): I , pp.221-2); Los p . 321); Ustadi ( c a t . , p
1s Angeles M645 ( c a t . , p.321); . 29)
p.29)

AbkZrn 01-'idZlo 01-'Alowiyyo, Persian IJUSAYN QULT AL-HAMADANY:

Edited (AB, I , pp.299-300)
K . a/-QodZ' wo 'I-shohZdZt, his lectures compiled by one of his pupils
BASAN AL KXSHIF AC-GHITA': MS: Tustariyya (AB, IV, p.372)

Al-SilZb 01-mZq7 AL-XSHTIYANT :

MSS: Dinishgih 700111 ( c a t . , XVI, p.424); fradawi 8218 (Binish,
K . 01-Qap'Z'
p . 846); Adabiyyit 13911 Kirmin ( c a t . , p ,401; Mahdawi 81012 ( c a t . ,
p . 128) Edition: Tehran, 1327
MS: Faydiyya 1608 (Cat., I , p.203)
ANONYMOUS (belonging to mid-13th c e n t u r y ) :
AL-KHURASANT :
Al-YonZbbT'
MS: DZnishgZh 3054 ( c a t . , X , p . 1996) K . 01-QodZ', his lectures compiled by his son, Muhammad b . Mubarnmad
Kizim al-Khurisini
212 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW MONOGRAPHS ON 'RULES' 213

MSS: DZnishgZh 151111 ( c a t . , V, p . 1 8 3 2 ) ; JJuquq 273j ( c a t . , p . 1 6 0 ) ; AL BAUR AL-'ULUM:

Malik 6270 ( c a t . , I , p . 1 6 1 ) ; Radawi 8533 ( B i n i s h , p . 9 5 3 )
Risiilo f7abkiim ol-da'cw7, included in h i s B u l g h a t ol-faq7h ( s e e above,
Q I Y A ' AL-DTN AL-'ARAQT: chapter 5)
K . a/-Qap'ii'
Editions: Najaf, 1357, 1361
- Risiila f7 tto'cqub 01-ayiiu7
AL-KHU '1 : Editions: Najaf, 1357, 1361 ( t o g e t h e r wlth h i s K . 0 1 - ~ a p ' c ' )
MobcnT Tokmilot 01-Minhiij - Moqclo fi 'I-doCcwT
Edition: Najaf, 1395-6 Edition: Najaf, 1345 ( t o g e t h e r with h i s S h a r b T a b s i r a t 0 1 - m u t o ' o l l i m ~ n )

3. ON WITNESS
K . 01-Qap'c', h i s l e c t u r e s compiled b y 'Ali a l - u u s a y n i al-NlilZni
Edition: Qum, 1401-3
Risclo f i ' / - : i d c / o = Risiilo f i m o ' r i f a t 01-kobc'ir
2. ON JUDICIAL PROCEDURE MSS: DZnishgih 539713, 2144139, 696312, 288815, 101513 ( c a t . , V ,
pp.1496-7, IX, p.828, X, p.1733, XV, p.4239, XVI, p . 4 1 2 ) ; Majlis
AL-SHAHID AL-AWWAL: 433917 ( c a t . . XII. D. 4 0 ) ; Radawi 3538, 7615 ( c a t . , 11, p . 9 0 , V,
p . 4 4 2 ) ; ~ a r ' a s h ii40914 (cat.., IV, p . 1 8 6 ) ; Adabiyyiit 28212 KirmZn
Mosc'il tozi7bum a / - b u q i i q ( c a t . , p . 4 3 ) ; Los Angeles M451 ( c a t . , p.241)
MS: T e h r a n , Mudarris Radawi (AB, XX, p . 3 4 0 )

BUSAYN B . 'ABD AL-QAMAD:

Risiila f i ' I - ' i d c l a
Risi7lo f i ' I - s h i y c ' MSS: SipahsZliir 746112 ( c a t . , V, p . 3 1 4 ) ; Mar'ashi 44414, 144514
MSS: T u s t a r i y y a 300115 ( c a t . , p . 8 5 1 ) ; $;bib al-Dhari'a (AB, XI, ( c a t . , 11, p . 4 8 , IV, p . 2 3 2 ) ; Diinishgiih 701912 ( c a t . , XVI, p.431) ;
p . 153) Ilihiyyiit 56115d ( c a t . , I , p.329)
AL-MUJTAHID:
Risiila f7 tan&ue a/-rawjoyn fimote' 01-bayt RisZila f i ' I - k a b c ' i r
MS: Mar'ashi 278513 ( c a t . , VII, p.348) MS: SipahsiilZr 2919120 ( c a t . , V , p . 4 2 3 )

BAHA' AL-Df N A L - ' X M I L ~:

Risiila fT toni7zu' ol-zawjayn t i q a d r 01-mohr Risiilo f i ' / - ' i d c / o
MSS: Mar'ashi 251912 ( c a t . , VII, p p . 1 0 4 - 5 ) ; Radawi 2438, 7211 MS: Diir al-Kutub 21230 ( c a t . , I , p.376)
( c a t . , 11, p . 7 0 , V, p . 4 2 6 ) ; Majlis 455314 ( c a t . , XII, p . 2 3 6 ) ; Baku
MI40169 ( N o s h . , IX, p . 2 4 4 ) ; Astiina 835313 ( c a t . , p p . 2 0 3 - 4 ) ; DZr MUVAMMAD IBRAI-ITM B . MUBAMMAD M A ' S ~ MA L - Q A Z W ~ N ~ :
al-Kutub 33263' ( c a t . , I , p.401)
Commentary: b y t h e a u t h o r , MS: Raoawi 229 law ( c a t . , 11, p . 7 1 ) RisZila f i ' I - f a r q b o y n a / - g a g h c ' i r wa ' I - k o b c ' i r
MS: Majlis 1803112 ( c a t . , IX, p.302)
AUMAD AL-BAURANT :
$AVIB A L - ~ A D A ' I Q:
Risclo f i ' I - d o ' w c ' o l o 'I-mayyit
MS: Princeton 229110 Yahuda ( c a t . , p.138) Ris?ila f i ' I ' i d ~ l o
MS: Los Angeles MI0613 ( c a t . , p.664)
AL-KHwAJO'T:
A L - Q U M M ~:
Risclo f7 jaw% muqcs$at ol-munkir low bolof
MS: ~ a r ' a s h i198712 ( c a t . , V , p.358) RisZila fT tobqTq me y u ' t a b o r f i 'I-shahiSdo
MS: ~ a r ' a s h i125917 ( c a t . , I V , p . 6 2 )
AL-QUMMT :
MUUAMMAD M A H D ~B . MUUAMMAD SHAFT' AL-ASTARABADT:
Risela fT taniizu' 01-zawjayn f i mote' a l - b a y t , included in h i s 01-Rasc'il
and Jowiimi' o l - r a s c ' i l ( s e e a b o v e , c h a p t e r 5 ) A/-Mu'todil fT boy% baqTqata1-'idi7la 01-shor'iyya
MS: Ustiidi ( c a t . , p . 5 1 )
NAZAR 'ALT B. SULTAN AL-TALIQANT:
Riscla fi d a ' w c 01-'ayn
Edition: T e h r a n , 1304
214 MONOGRAPHS ON 'RULES1 215
AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW

Editions: Tabriz, 1303 (together with his K . a/-Tahiiro), 1375 MS: ~ a r ' a s h i310012 ( c a t . , VIII, p.323)
(together with his a/-Mokiisib)
MSS: Dznishgih 695613 ( c a t . , XVI, p.411): Milli 194518 Arabic ( c a t . AL-KHU 'i :
X
- - 2
n fi27)
r-.--., Mahiin? Tokmiloi 01-Minhiij ((see above, general works on arbitration)
Commentaries: ( 1 ) by 'Abd Allih al-Mimaqini, edited Najaf, 1345 ( i n
his al-Qoiii'id 01-tham7no); (2) b y F a t t i b al-Shahidi, edited Tabriz,
1375 (together with his Hidiiyot a/-tiilib)
K . 01-vudi7d
ANONYMOUS: Edition: Qurn, 1399
Risiilo d a r 'idclot, Persian
MS: Gawharshid 168514 ( c a t . , p . 152)

NACAR ' A L ~AL-TALIQANT:

Risiila f7 ishtiriil busn a/-riihir t
7 qobiii 01-shahiido
Edition: Tehran, 1304

MUUAMMAD BUSAYN AL-KHWANSAR~:

Risiila fi 'I-'idiilo
MS: Mar'ashi 3041121 ( c a t . , VIII, p.250)

AL-KHURASANT :
Maqiilo fi 'i- 'idiila
Edition: Baghdad, 1331 (in his Shodhoriit)

PENAL LAW

AL-ABTWARD~:
RisFla dar diyiit wa qi$ii$, Persian
MS: Dinishgih 724215 ( c a t . , XV, p.497)

AL-MAJLIS~ 11:
Risiilo dor budiid wa diyiit, Persian
Edition: Tehran, 1262
MSS: Mar'ashi 2831, 496, 251313, 652 ( c a t . , 11, pp.105, 249, VII,
p.99, VIII, p . 3 6 ) ; Faydiyya 21012 ( c a t . , I l l , p . 8 ) ; GulpiyigZni,
3 MSS ( c a t . , 11, p.63); Milli 185419 ( c a t . , IV, p.317)

Risiilo f7 man qutil 'on umm wa ~ a b T fatTm wa zawio wo 15 y a r f l a/-

wzlida ill5 bi 'I-qigiig , included in his Jowiimi' a/-rasii'il <see above,
chapter 5)

YDSUF B . 'ABD AL-FATTAU AL-TABATAB.X'~A L - T A B R ~ Z ~ 1242):

(d.
Musawwid a/-khudiid f7mosii'il a/-budiid
MS: Mar'ashi 251311 ( c a t . , VII, pp.98-9)

MUUAMMAD JA'FAR AL-ASTAREBADI:

Risiilo d a r budiid wo qisii$ wa diyiit, Persian
MS: S i n i 618 ( c a t . , I , p . 399)
Bibliography

An a s t e r i s k beside t h e name of a book in i h c list below means t h a t where-
c v e r the name of i t s a u t h o r i s given in a reference without lnentioning a
specific work b y him, it r e f e r s to t h i s particular work marked with t h e
asterisk.
(ABBASIYYA al-Maktaba ai-'Abbasiyya, B a s r a
:
Catalogue: MokhtEliit a/-Maktaba oi-'Abbiisiyya fi '1-Bogra, b y 'Ali
al-Khaqini , in Mojallat a/-Majmo' o i ' i l m T a/-'lriiqT, VIII-X (1961-3)
'ABBAS AL-QUMIMi ( d . 135911941):
- A/-Fawii'id oi-Rop'awiyyo, T e h r a n , 1367 q
- A/-Kunii wa 'I-oiqiib, Sidon, 1357-8 q
- Sof7nat 01-bibcr, Najai, 1352-5 q
'ABD ALLAH A L - J A Z A ' I R ~( d . 117311759-60):
Ai-DhokhTro 01-bCqiya, lMS 1916129, Majlis L i b r a r y , T e h r a n
'ABD ALLLH AL- TUN^ ( d . 107111660-1):
Risiiio /7 joiiit 01-jum'a, MS 128 K h u ' i , Majlis L i b r a r y , T e h r a n ( p p
12-97)
'ABD AL-'AziM :KitZbkhina-yi Astana-yi Wadrat-i 'Abd al-IAvim, Rayy
Catalogue: Fihrist-i nuskhohiiy-i khatiT-yi KitZibkhZino-yi Asliina-yi
imiimziido 'Abd oi'Agjin-i HosonT d o r shahr-i Royy, b y M . T . Danish-
pazhiih, i n Noshriyyo-yi Kitiibkhiino-yi Markor?-yi Diinishgiih-i Tehran
d a r bCrroyi nuskhohiiy-i khaffT, 111 ( T e h r a n , 19641, p p . 61-83, 427-80
'ABD A L - J A L ~ L AL-QAzwTNT ( 6 t h I l 2 t h c e n t u r y ) :
A/-Noqp', e d . J . Mubaddith Urmawi, T e h r a n , 1358 s h
'ABD AL-MAJTD M A I ~ M 'ABD ~ D AL-MAJ~D:
Ai-IttijChiit oi-fiqhiyyo 'ind Agbiib oi-uodTlh fi 'I-qarn oi-thiilith oi
hijrT, Cairo, 1979
'ABD AL- NAB^ AL-JAZA'IRT ( d . 102111709-10):
A/-iqtijiid f7 s h o r b ai-lrshiid, MS 588612, Majlis L i b r a r y , T e h r a n
ABU 'L-'ABBAS AL-WARRANT ( d . 74511344-5):
A/-Musawwada f7 ugEi oi-fiqh, e d . M . M . 'Abd al-yamid, Cairo, 1964
ABU 'ALi = Mubammad b . I s m i ' i l al-Mizandarini al-8i'ii.i ( d . 12151
1800-1) :
Muntahii a/-maqiii f7 'iim 01-rijiii, T e h r a n , 1300 q
ABU 'L-UUSAYN A L - B A ~ R ? ( d . 43611044):
A/-Mu'tamod f7 ugiji 01-fiqh, e d . M. Hamid Allah, Damascus, 1964-5
ABO M A N ~ U RA L - T A B R I S ~ ( c a r l y 6thl121h c e n t u r y ) :
A 1 Ibtijiij '015 oh1 oi-iojiij, e d . M.B. a l - K h a r s i n , Najaf, 1966
ABU 'L-QASIM B . WASAN A L - Y A Z D ~ ( m i d - l 3 t h l l 9 t h c e n t u r y ) :
Torjomo-yi fiirsT-yi SharZi'i' a/-lsiiim, e d . M.T. Dinishpazhiih, Tehran
1346-53 s h
BIBLIOGRAPHY 2 10
ADABIYYAT = Kitibkhzna-yi Danishliada-yi Adabiyyit wa 'Ulum-i l n s i n i -
y i Danishgih-i T e h r a n , Tehran
Catalogues:
- Fihrist-i nuskhohiiy-i khaflT-yi Kitiibkhiino-yi Diinishkodo-yi Adabiyyiil,
b y M.T. Dinishpazhiih, T e h r a n , 1960
- Fihrist-i nuskhahzy-i khatf7-yi Kitiibkhiina-yi Diinishkoda-yi Adobiyyiit,
majmE'a-yi imiim Jum'o-yi Kirmiin, b y M.T. Diilishpazhiih, T e h r n a ,
1965
- Fihrist-i nuskhohiiy-i khallT-yi KitiibkhCno-yi Diinishkodo-yi Adobiyyzi,
mojmii'a-yi waqf7-yi 'AT A j g h a r uikmat, T e h r a n , 1341 s h
A F A N D ~= 'Abd Allah b . 'Tsi al-Igfahani ( d . around 113011718):
Riyiid 01-'uiomii' , Qum, 1401 q -
AGHA BUZURG AL-TIIIRAN~ ( d . 138911970):
A/-DharT'o ilZi iosiinTf 01-ShT'o, Tehran a n d Najaf, 1353-98 q
ABMAD = A l p a d b . Mubamrnad b . u a n b a l ( d . 2411855):
Al-Musnad, Cairo, 1313 q
' A L ~B . MUBAMMAD AL-'.&MIL~ ( d . 110311691-2):
- A/-Durr 01-manthcr, e d . A. a l - u u s a y n i , Qum, 1398 q
- A/-SihZim a/-miiriqo, MS 1576, Mar'ashi L i b r a r y , Qum
' A I ~ L A M A = Jam51 al-Din u a s a n b . YCisuf b . al-Mutahhar al-uilli ( d . 7261
1325):
- Tp'5b'o/-ishtibiih, T e h r a n , 1319 q
- Khuiiijat a/-oqwiil = RijCi ooi'Ail5ma 01-UiiT, Najaf, 1961
- Mobiidi' a/-wugiil iiZi 'iim oi-USE/, e d . 'A.M.'A. al-Baqqil, NajaS, 1970
- Mukhlolof ol-ShT'o, T e h r a n , 1324 Q
- Muntahii a/-mofiob, T e h r a n , 1333 q
-
Nihiiyot 01-wujEi ilii 'ilni 01-ujEi, MS 1908 MarcashT L i b r a r y , Qum
- Tobgirot 01-muto'oiiimTn, e d . A. a l - u u s a y n i a n d H . al-Yusufi, Qum,
n.d.
- TohdhTb 01-ugiil, T e h r a n , 1308 q
- TabrTr a/-abkiim ai-shor'iyyo, T e h r a n , 1314 q
AMBROSIANA = Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milano
Catalogue: Cotoiogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Bibiiateca
Ambrosiono, b y Oscar Lofg'ren a n d Renato T r a i n i , Vicenza, 1975-81
AMTN AL-ASTARABAD~ = Mubammad Amin b . Mubarnmad Sharif ( d . 10361
1626-7):
-
Diinishniirna-yi shiihT, MS 4668111, Central L i b r a r y , University of
Tehran
* A/-Fowii'id a/-Modoniyya, Tabriz , 1321 q
- JowZib masii'il oi-shaykh v u s a y n oi-ZohTrT a i ' x m i T , MS 106714,
Central L i b r a r y , University of T e h r a n
A M ~ RAL-MU'MIN~N = Maktabat al-lmim Amir al-Mu'minin alk'iimma, Najaf
Catalogue: ( C h a n d nuskho-yi kholti o r ) Moklaboi 01-lmiim AmTr a/-
Mu'minTn olk'xmrno d a r Nojof, b y M.T. D i n i s h p a z h u h , in Nashriyya-yi
KitiibkhZin'no-yi MorkazT-yi Diinishgiih-i Tehran d o r bZiro-yi nuskhohiiy-i
khaftT, V ( T e h r a n , 19681, pp.409-19
ANJUMAN-I TARAQQT-YI URDU, Karachi
Catalogue: MokhfEfZit-i Anjuman-i ToroqqT-yi U r d i i , b y S . F . ' A .
Radawi , Karachi, 1967
220 AN INTRODUCTION TO ~ ~ 7 LAW
' 7 BIBLIOGRAPHY 221

A N S ; ~ R= ~Murt:,$R b . Muhammi?d .bin 31-Tustari ( d , 128111864): 889-94):

AI-Rosii'il = Farii'id 01-u$lil, T e h r a n , 1296 q
A R D A B L?
~ = Ahmad b . Mubammad, al-Muqaddas ( d . 99311585) :
Mojmo' 01-fii'ido wo 'I-burhiin , T e h r a n , 1272 q
~~AFIYY = Agafiyya
A L i b r a r y , H y d e r a b a d , Deccan
Catalogue: Fihrist-i Kutub-i 'Arab7 wo FiirsT wa Urdli makhzlino-yi
Agafiyyn, b y Tagadduq Uusayn al-Miisawi al-Naysabiiri al-Kantiiri,
H y d e r a b a d , 1347-57 q
ZSHNA 'j = AshnF'T bi? c h a n d nuskha-yi kholiT, b y 1.1. Mudarrisi
Tabmtabi'i a n d R . Ust;?di , Qum, 1396 q
'ASQALANT = Shihab al-Din Abmad b . 'Ali b . Ijajar ( d . 85211449):
A/-Motiilib 01-'iiliyo, e d . E l . al-A'zami, Kuwait, 1971 -
- * A/-Mahiisin, e d . J . Muhaddith U r m a w , T e h r a n , 1370 q
- A/-Rij3, e d . J . Mubaddith Urmawi, T e h r a n , 1342 s h ( t o g e t h e r with Ibn
D;?wiid1s K . 01-Riji?l
BAYHAQ? = Abii Bakr AQmad b . v u s a y n al-Naysibiiri ( d . 45811065):
A/-Sunan , H y d e r a b a d , 1354-6 q
B A Z A N T ~= Abu J a ' f a r Abmad b . Mubarnmad b . Abi Nagr ( d . 2211836):
Jiimi' 01-bozanjT, a p a r t of it which i s i n s e r t e d in I b n I d r i s ' s 01-Sorii'ir,
p p . 477-8 ( T e h r a n , 1270 q )
BENGAL = T h e Royal Asiatic Society, Bengal
Catalogue: Colalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Collection of
the Royal Asiatic Sociely of Bengol, b y W.1vanow a n d o t h e r s , Calcutta,
1939-51

ASTANA = Kitibkhzna-yi AstZna-yi Muqaddasa-yi Qum, Qum BERLIN = Staat Bibliothek, Berlin
Catalogue: Fihrist-i nusokh-i khoffT-yi Kitiibkhi?no-yi xsti?no-yi Catalogue: Verzeichniss d e r Arobischen Handschriften d e r Koniglichen
Muqoddoso-yi Qum, b y M . T . Danishpazhuh, Qum, 1355 s h Dibliotliek zLi Berlin, b y W. Ahlwardt, Berlin, 1887-99

BAGHAWi = Abii Mubammad ljusayn b . Mas'iid al-Farr;?' ( d . 51011117): B I B L I O T H ~ Q U ENATIONALE ( P a r i s ) :

MogiibTI) a / - s u n n o , Cairo, 1318 q Catalogue:
-
( I ) Catalogues des manuscrits Arobes, b y M . Le Baron d e Slane, P a r i s ,
BAGHDADT = t h e private collection of Sayyid Mubarnmad al-Baghdsdi, 1883-95
Najaf -
(11) Catologue d e s monuscrits Arabes d e s novelles acquisitions, by E .
Catalogue: Makhfliyiit maktobat . . . a/-sayyid Mubammod o1kBoghdi;dT Blochet, P a r i s , 1924
a/-HasonT, b y M.H. al-Amini, Najaf, 1964
B I H B A H A N ~ = Mu~ammadBZqir b . Mubarnmad Akmal, al-WaQid ( d . 12051
B A H A ' AL-DIN
AL-'AMILi ( d . 103011621): 1791):
- Mashriq a/-shomsoyn, T e h r a n , 1321 q ( t o g e t h e r with t h e a u t h o r ' s - A/-Fowii'id o l C o t T q o , T e h r a n , 1279 q ( t o g e t h e r with Mulpmmad Ijusayn
01-Hob1 a/-matTn) al-Igfahini's a/-Fugiil a/-Chorowiyyo, p p . 431-66)
- Al-Wo/7zo, Qum, 1396 q -
TobqTq f i 'I-qiyiis, MS 45813, Mar'ashi L i b r a r y , Qum
- Zubdot 01-uslil.
. . T e h r a n , 1319 4 - To'lTaiit monhoi a/-maoiil, . . T e h r a n . 1307 a. ( t o -g e t h e r with Muhammad b .
'Ali ; I - ~ s t a r i b ~ d i 'Manhoj
s 01-moqiil)
BAJJRANT = Yiisuf b . Abmad b . I b r i h i m , S i h i b al-IjadZ'iq ( d . 118611772)
-
A/-uodii'iq 01-niiCiira, e d . M . T . a l - i r a w i n i , Najaf, 1377 q - B ~ N I S HT, :
- Al-Koshkiil = AnTs 01-musiifir wo j a r s aalbiiQ'ir, Bombay, 1291-2 q Fihristi-i olifbii'T-yi nuskhohiiy-i khorfT-yi Kitiibkhtno-yi iTstiino-yi
- . , , Bombav.
Lu'lu'ot a/-bahrovn. " . n.d. Mnchhnrl. T - e h r a n . 1351 s h ( i n Fihrist-i nuskhahiiv-i khattT-vi d u kitiib-
~~~

khiino-yi ~ o s h h o d ,t h e second volume of ~ o j m i i ' o l ~fihr;;t-j

BAHR A L - ' U L ~ M= Muhammad Mahdi b . Murtad;? al-Tab;?tab;?'i ( d . 12121
1797):
A/-Fowii'id 01-rijiiliyyo = Rijiil 01-soyyid B a h r a l ' U l i i m , Najaf, 1965-7
BAJURT = I b r i h i m b . Mubarnmad ( d . 127711860-1):
Hiishiyat Fotb 01-qorTb = Hiishiyo 'a15 s h o r b a/-'olliimo l b n Qiisim 01-
GhazzT 'alii moln ol-shoykh AbT Shujii', Cairo, 1285 q
BANKIPORE = Oriental Public L i b r a r y , Bengal
Catalogues:
- Arabic: Miff?% 01-kuniiz a/-khofiyyo,by Mawlawi 'Abd al-Ijamid, Patna
1918-22
- Persian: Mir'tt 01-'uiGm,by Mawlawi 'Abd al-Khalliq S a h i b , P a t n a ,
1925
BAQIRIYYA = Kitibkhina-yi Madrasa-yl B i q i r l y y a , Mashhad
B A R Q ~= Abu Ja'far Ahmad b . Muhammad b . KhZIid al-Qummi ( d . 274-801
i
nuskhahiiv-i khotlT-vi .. kittbkhZnohiiv-i shohrostiinhiiv-i I r a n ,
p p . 563-f080)
BODLEIAN = The Bodleian L i b r a r y , Oxford
Catalogues:
- ( I ) Bibliothecoe Bodleionoe Codicum Monuscriptorum Orientolum . . .
Cotalogus, b y J . Uri, O x f o r d , 1787;
- (11) Cotologi Codicum Monuscriptorum Orientalium Bibliothecose
Bodleianoe, P a r s Secundo, Arobicos Complectcns, b y Alexander Nicoll,
Oxford, 1835
(111) Catologue of the Persion,Turkish,HindDstiin?, o n d Pushtii Monu
s c r i ~ t sin the Bodleion L i b r a r y , b y E d . Sacllau a n d Hermaiin Eth6,
p a r t I ( t h e Persian ~ a n u s c r i p t s,) O x f o r d , 1889
BRITISH LIBRARY (London):
1I Catalogues :
(Rieu) Supplement to the Cotologue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the
B r ~ t i s hMuseum, b y Charles Rieu, London, 1894
 BIBLIOGRAPHY 223

- (11) A D i s c r i p l i v e L i s t of t h e A r a b i c Manuscripts A c q u i r e d b y t h e DIZFULT = Mubarnmad b. Faraj Al&h al-QiQi ( 1 3 t h l l 9 t h c e n t u r y ) :

T r u s t e e s of t h e B r i t i s h Museum since 7895, b y A . G . Elliss a n d FiirEq 01-boqq, T e h r a n , 1316 q ( t o g e t h e r with Kishif al-Ghiti'ls
E . E d w a r d s , London, 1912 01-Uaqq a / - m u b i n )

BRUNSCHVIG, R . : DURUST B. ABT MANSOR AL-WAS IT^ (2nd18th c e n t u r y ) :

'Les u s i j l 01-fiqh Imamites a Leur stade ancien (Xc e l XIe s i s c l e s ) ' , K i t & D u r u s t b . AbT M o n z i j r , T e h r a n , 1371 q ( i n t h e collection of
in Le ShTCis,nelmomafe ( P a r i s , 19701, pp.201-13 a/-U$El 01-sittot ' o s h o r , p p . 158-69)

BUHAR = t h e B u h i r L i b r a r y , Imperial L i b r a r y , Calcutta FARHLDMU'TAMID = t h e private collection of F a r h i d Muetamid, Tehran

Catalogue: Calologuc of t h e A r o b i c Manuscripts i n l h e BEhiir L i b r o r y ,
b y Shams alE'Ulami' M . HidZyat v u s a y n KhZn B a h i d u r , Calcutta, 1923
BURUJIRD~ = Maktabal Madrasat al-sayyid alkBuriijirdi, Najaf
Catalogue: M o k h t i j t i i t Moktabot Modrasot a / - s o y y i d 0 1 - B u r G j i r d i , b y
A . al-uusayni , in h i s DoiTl 01-MakhJZliit (Qum, 1397 q ) , pp.4-43
CAMBRIDGE = t h e University L i b r a r y , Cambridge
A D c s c r i p l i v e Cotologue of t h c O r i e n t a l Manuscripts b e l o n g i n g t o t h e
Late E . G . B r o w n e , b y Edwa1.d G. Browlle a n d Reynold A . Nicholson,
Cambridge, 1932
CONGRESS = t h e Library of C o n g r e s s , Washington
Catalogue: F i h r i s 01-mokhrijJiit 0 1 - ' A r o b i y y o t7 Moktobol 0 1 - k u n g h r e s s ,
b y 5 . al-Munajjid, B e i r u t , 1969
DACCA = t h e Dacca University L i b r a r y , Dacca
Catalogue: T h e Persian, U r d u a n d A r o b i c M a n u s c r i p t s i n t h e Docco
U n i v e r s i t y L i b r a r y , b y A.B.M. Habihullah, Dacca, 1966-8
DAMAD :Mubarnmad B i q i r b . Shams al-Din Mubarnmad a l - u u s a y n i
a l - A s t a r i b i d i ( d . 104011630-1):
A/-Row&hib 01-samFwiyyo, T e h r a n , 1311 q
DANISHGAH : KitZbkhina-yi Markazai wa Markaz-i Asnid-i D i n i s h g i h - i
T e h r a n , Tehran
- Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i i y - i khottT-yi K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i MarkazT-yi
D i i n i s h ~ i i h - i T e h r o n , b y M.T. DZnishpazhiih and 'A.N. Munzawi,
T e h r a n , 1330-57 s h
Microfilms: F i h r , s t - i mTkruf7lmhiiy-i K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i MorkozT-yi
Diinishgiih-i T e h r o n , b y M . T . Dinishpazhiih, T e h r a n , 1348 s h
DANISHPAZHOH,M . T . :
His introduction t o t h e 4th volume of Abu '1-Qisim b . Basan al-Yazdi's
Torjarno-yi S h o r i i ' i ' a/-lsliin7, T e h r a n , 1353 s h
D ~ AL-KUTUB
R (Cairo):
- Catalogue: F i h r i s t a/-makhtijyFt, b y P u ' i d S a y y i d , Cairo, 1 9 6 1 2
- General catalogue: F i h r i s 01-kutub a / - ' A r o b i y y o , Cairo, 1924-59
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i k i t F b k h E n o - y i F o r h i i d M u ' t o m i d , b y M . T .
Dinishpazhiih a n d Gh. R . Farziinapiir, in N a s h r i y y a - y i K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i
MorkazT-yi Diinishgiih-i T e h r o n d a r b i i r o - y i n u s k h o h F y - i k h a l J T , I11
( T e h r a n , 1964), p p . 141276
FARHANG = KitZbkhZna-yi 'Umiimi-yi F a r h a n g wa I ~ I u n a r ,Mashhad
Catalogue: ' F i h r i s t - i k u t u b - i khalJT-yi K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i Farhong wa
H u n o r , b y R . S h i k i r i , Mashhad, 1348 s h
FAYQ = Mubammad b . M u r t a a i a l - ~ Z s h a n i ,known a s Mubsin al-FayP
( d . 109111680):
-
A / - u o q q 01-mubTn, e d . J . Muhaddith Urmawi, T e h r a n , 1390 q ( t o g e t h e r
with t h e a u t h o r ' s a/-Ugijl a/-os'ila)
- MofiitTb 0 1 - s h o r i i ' i ' , e d . ' I . al-Musawi a l - B a h r i n i , Vol.1, B e i r u t , 1969
- Al-Mahoiio a / - b a v d i i ' , e d . 'A.A. al-GhaffZri , T e h r a n , 1339-42 s h
- A I - U ~ ~o/-aSTlo;
I i d . J . Mubaddith Urmawi, T e h r a n , 1390 q
- A/-Wiif7, T e h r a n , 1323 q
FAYQIYYA = KitZbkhZna-yi Madrasa-yi FayQiyya, Qum
Catalogue: F i h r i s l - i n u s k h a h i i y - i khatfT-yi K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i Modaroso-yi
Fayp'iyyo, b y R . U s t i d i , Qum, 1396q
FU'AD SAYYID:
F i h r i s ol-mokhfij&it 01-mu$owwaro, Mo'hod I b y i i ' 01-Mokhfijfiit ol-
' A r o b i y y o , Cairo, 1954 -
F U S ~ L= FugEl k h a l a r b i ' I - b i i l bTn rnufiilo'at k i t i i b 01-tohzro, ills 2647,
M a r e a s h i L i b r a r y , Qum
F U T ~ N T = Abu '1-uasan b . Muhammad T i h i r al-Sharif al-Nabiti alk'Amili
( d . 113811725-6):
TonzTh 01-QummiyyTn min 01-matii'in, Qum, 1328 s h
GAWHARSHAD = Kitibkhina-yi Masjid-i G a w h a r s h i d , Mashhad
Catalogue: F i h r i s t i - i K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i Jiimi'-i G a w h o r s h i i d , b y 'A.
N i i r i n i a n d K . M . S h i n a c h i , in F i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i i y - i k h o J t T - y i chahiir
k i t i i b k h i i n a - y i Moshhad, t h e f i r s t volume of Mojmij'o-yi f i h r i s t - i
nuskhahiiy-i k h o l t i - y i kitiibkhiinohiiy-i shahrastiinhiiy-i Iran (Tehran,
1351 s h ) , pp.57-435

D i i ~ l M i= AbG Murammad 'Abd AllZh b . 'Abd al-RaQmZn al-Tamimi al- GHARR = KitZbkhZna-yi Gharb , Hamadin
Samarqandi ( d . 2551869): Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i i y - i k h a t t T - y i K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i G h a r b , b y
S u n o n , Damascus, 1349 q J . Maqgiid, T e h r a n , 1.397 q

DIHIiHUDA = SZzmin-i Lughatnima-yi D i h k h u d i , Tehran GHAZALT = Abii kIZmid Mubarnmad b . Mubammad al-TGsi ( d . 50511111):
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i k i l i i b k h i i n o - y i Siizrniin-i Lughotniima-yi D i h k h u d i i , -
I b y i i ' ' u l E m 01-dTn, Cairo, 1312 q
b y M . T . Danishpazhiih, in N o s h r i y y o - y i K i t i i b k h i i n i i - y i MarkozT-yi - A / - M u s t a g f i , Cairo, 1356 q
Diinishgiih-i T e h r o n d a r b i i r o - y i n u s k h o h i i y - i k h a t t T , 111 ( T e h r a n , 1964
p p . 1-59, 387-426
224 AN INTRODUCTION TO s ~ i ' LAW
i BIBLIOGRAPHY
GHAZZi = Shams al-Din Mubarnmad b . Qisim, I b n al-Gharabili ( d . 9181 BURR AL-'AMIL~ ( d . 110411693):
1512): - Amal a l - h i / , e d . A . a ? - g u s a y n i , B a g h d a d , 1965
F a t b a/-QarTb ol-Mu/7b 7 j s h a r b a l f i z 0 1 - T a q r r b , e d . L.W.C. Van - * Wosii'il a!-ShT'a, e d . A . R . a l - R a b b i n i a n d M . al-RZzi , Tehran,
D e n b e r g , Leiden, 1894 1376-89 q
GULPAYIGANT = Kitibkhina-yi Madrasa-yi Gnlpiyigani , Qum JJUSAYN B . 'ABD AL-$AMAD AL- MIL^ ( d . 98411576):
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h a h i i y - i khagLT-yi K i t i b k h i i n a - y i 'UmijmT-yi - A l - ' I q d a / - V u s o y n T , e d . J . al-Mudarrisi, Yazd, n . d .
. . . GulpiiyiyigiinT, b y A . B u s a y n i and R . U s t i d i , Qum, 1357-61 s h - Maqiila fl w u j i j b a / - i f t i j ' wa bayiin a / - b a q q ' o l i i k u l l man ' a l i m b i h ,
MS 168613, FayGiyya L i b r a r y , Qum
BAKiM = Maktabat al-Imim al-Bakim alheAmma, Najaf - Risiila iT bukm 01-bugr wa ' I -bawiirT, MS 1836112, Majlis L i b r a r y ,
Catalogues: Tehran
- a l C ~ m m ab,y M . M . Najaf,
F i h r i s t makhgijliit Maklabat a/-lmiim 01-uak% - Risiilo IT tabqTq ba'p' 01-mas~?'il 01-fiqhiyya, MS 596013, Majlis L i b r a r y ,
Najaf, 1969 Tehran
-
F i h r i s t m a k h r i i f i i t 01-shoykh Mu_hammod a/-RashtT a/-muhdiit 115 -
T i s ' a masij'il, MS 1805153, Majlis L i b r a r y , T e h r a n
Maktabat 01-lmiim a / - p a k i i n a l ' A m m a , b y A. a l - g u s a y n i , Najaf, 1971 - Wugiil a / - a k h y i i r i l i i ugiil 01-akhbiir, T e h r a n , 1309 q

~ A K I MA L - N A Y S ~ B ~ =R Abii
~ 'Abd Allih Mubarnmad b . 'Abd AllZh JJUSAYN A L - K A R A K ~( d . 107611665-6):
( d . 40511014-15) Hidiiyat 01-abriir i l i i larTq 01-A 'im,ma a / - a y h i i r , MS 327811, Mar'ashi
Al-Mustadrak ' a i a 'I-SabTboyn, H y d e r a b a d , 1340 q L i b r a r y , Qum
~ A K T MA L - T I R M I D H ~ = Abii 'Abd Allih Mubarnmad b . 'Ali b . JJasan BUSAYNIYYAT KASHIF AL-GHITA', Najaf
( d . a r o u n d 3201932):
Nowijdir o l - U S E / , B e i r u t , n . d . IBN 'ASAKIR = Abu '1-Qisim 'Ali b . JJasan b . Hibat Allah al-Dirnashqi
( d . 57311177-8):
JJALABi = Abu '1-galib T a q i al-Din b . Najm al-Din ( d . 44711055-6): Torjimat a/-lmiim 'AIT b . AbT T i j l i b ' a l o y h 01-saliim min T o ' r T k h maaTnot
-
A/-Kiir'T, MS 44111, Mar'ashi L i b r a r y , Qum Dimashq, e d . M.B. al-Mabmiidi , B e i r u t , 1975
- Taqril6 01-ma'iirif, MS 2263, Mar'ashi L i b r a r y , Qum
IBN A L - A T H ~ R= Majd al-Din Mubarak b . Mubarnmad al-Jazari al-Shaybani
JJASAN AL-SADR ( d . 135411935): ( d . 60611210):
To '57s al-ShT'a l i - f u n i j n a / - l s l i i m , B a g h d a d , 1951 Jiimi' a/-uzE1, Cairo, 1368 q

JJAYDAR, ' A L ~ : IBN AL-BARRAJ = QZGi 'Abd al-'Aziz b . Nibrir al-Shimi ( d . 48111088):
D u r a r 01-Dukkijm, s h a r h
. Maiallat
. 01-ohkiim, translated from T u r k i s h into -
AI-Muhadhdhab, MS 44112, Mar'ashi L i b r a r y , Qum
Arabic b y Fahmi al-Jjusayni , ~ a ~ h d aandd B e i r u t , n . d . - S h a r b Jumol 01-'Ilm wa ' I ' o m a l , e d . K . M . S h a n a c h i , Mashhad, 1974

BAYDARIYYA = Khizinat al-Rawaa al-JJaydariyya, Najaf IBN DAWUD = T a a i al-Din Hasan b . 'Ali b . Diwiid al-Billi ( d . a f t e r
Catalogue: F i h r i s t mokhgEg5t KhizZinot 01-Rawp'o a / - u a y d o r i y y a , b y A. 70711307):
a l - u u s a y n i , Najaf, 1971 K . 01-Rijiil, e d . J. Mubaddith Urmawi, T e h r a n , 1342 s h

HAYTI-IAM~ = Niir al-Din 'A17 b . Abi Bakr ( d . 80711404-5):
Majma' a / - z a w i i ' i d , Cairo, 1352-3 q
IJIMYARi = Abu 'I-Qisim 'Abd Allih b . J a ' f a r al-Qummi ( 3 r d l 9 t h c e n t u r y )
Qurb a/-isniid, Tehran, n . d .
JJUJJATi, M.B.:
BarrasT-yi i i t h i i r - i S h o y k h - i TEST wo g u z i j r i s h - i n u s k h o h i i y - i khagfi-yi
i j n h i i , in YiidnZima-yi S h a y k h - i TZsT, 111 (Mashhad, 19761, pp.590-676
IBN FAHD = Abu '1-'Abbas Abmad b . MuPammad b . Fahd al-Asadi al-Villi
( d . 84111437-8):
- Al-Muhadhdhab a l - b i i r i ' , MS 275, Mar'ashi L i b r a r y , Qum
-
AI-Muqtozar min s h a r b a l - M u k h t o z a r , MS 2524, Mar'ashi L i b r a r y , Qum
IBN kIAZM = Abii Mubarnmad 'Ali b . Abmad al-Qurtubi ( d . 45611064):
- A l - l b k i i m f7 u ~ i i al / - a b k i i m , e d . A.M. S h i k ~ r ,Calro, 1345-8 q
- Mulakhkhog ibJZil ol-qiyiis wa ' I - r a ' y wo ' I - i s t i b s i i n wa 'I-LaqlTd wa
' I - t a ' l T I , e d . S . a l - A f g h i n i , Damascus, 1960

BUJJATIYYA = KitibkhZna-yi Madrasa-yi JJujjatiyya, Qum IBN I D R ~ S= Abii 'Abd Allih Muhammad h . Mansiir b . Ahmad b . I d r i s
F i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i j y - i khotfT-yi KitZibkhiina-yi Madroso-yi u u j j a t i y y o , al-'Ijli al-JJilli ( d . 59811202):'
b y R . U s t i d i , Qum, 1354 s h A / - S o r i j ' i r 01-b5wT 11-tabrTr a/-fatow?, T e h r a n , 1270 q

. A A IBN A L - J A W Z ~ = Abu '1-Farai 'Abd al-Rabmin b . 'Ali al-Qurashi a1

i q t ~ & i d i - y ~~ i n I s h & h - l T e h r a n , T e h r a n BaghdZdi ( d . 59711201) :
Catalopue: F i h r s i t - i n u s k h o h i j v - I khattT-VI K i t i i b k h i i n o - v i Diinishkado-vi Maniiqib 01-lmiim Abmad b . u a n b a l , Cairo, 1979
~ u q i i d .. . , b y M.T. ~ Z n i s h & z h i i h , - T e h r a n , 1961
 BIBLIOGRAPHY 227
226 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW

IBN AL-NADiM = Abu '1-Faraj MuPammad b . IsbZq al-Warrzq al-BaghdZdi I ~ F A I I A N'UMUMT , = KitZhkhina-yi 'Umiimi-yi IgfahZn, I$fahZn
(late 4thllOth c e n t u r y ) : Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i nuskhahiiy-i k h o t t 7 - y i K i t z b k h i i n a - y i 'UmurnT-yi
I z f o h i i n , by J . Maqgiid, Tehran, 1349 sh
A / - F i h r i s t , e d . R. Tajaddud, T e h r a n , [ 19711
JA'FARIYYA = at-Maktaba al-Ja'fariyya, Madrasat &Hindi, KarbalZ'
IBN Q U D ~ M A= Muwaffaq al-Din 'Abd Allih b . Abmad al-Maqdisi ( d . 6201
1223-4) : Catalogue: [ C h a n d nusho-yi khattT a z ) K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i J o ' f a r i y y o , h y
TabrTm 0 1 - n o ~ o r ,G k u t u b ah1 a/-kaliim, e d . G . Makdisi, London, 1962
M . T . DZnishpazhih, in N o s h r i y y o - y i K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i MorkozT-yi
Diinishgiih-i Tehran dor b&o-yi n u s k h a h i i y - i k h a t t T , V (Tehran, 19681,
IBN SA'D = A b i 'Abd Allih Mu~ammadb . Sa'd KZtib al-WZqidi p p . 434-7
( d . 2301844-5):
K . 01-Toboqzt al-kobii-, e d . E. Sachau and others, Leiden, 1904-15
!AM/' A U ~ D T T H A L - S H T ' A , Qum, 1399 q (Vol. I )

IBN SHAHRASHDB = Rashid al-Din Muhammad b . 'Ali 31-Sarawi JAWAD AL-%MILT ( d . 122611811):
( d . 58811192):
Miftiib 01-koriimo, e d . M . al-Amin al-'Amili , Cairo-Sidon-Tehran, 1324 q
- Mo'iilim 01-'ulomii', e d . ' A . Iqbzl, Tehran, 1353 q
-
Mothiiliib a / - N o w i i ~ i b ,MS Nigiriyya Library, Lucknow
JAWADAYN = Maktabat al-Jawiclayn, KZgimiyya ( I r a q )
- Mutoshiibih 01-Qur'iin, e d . &al-Mugtafawi , Tehran, 1369 q
JAZA'IRT = Ni'mat Allzh b . 'Abd AllZh al-Miisawi ( d . 111211710):
IBN TAWUS = Radi al-Din 'a17 b . Miisi al-Hasani al-Husavni
" al-Hill? . - * Al-An wiir 01-Nu'mzniyyo, e d . M. :A. al-Qadi al-Tabitabi'i , Tabriz,
(d. 66411265-6'): 1382 q
A l - l o b i i l bi-siilih 01-a'1nii1. Tehran. 1320 a
- Monba' a / - b a y i i t f7 b u j j i y y o t qowl 01-mujtohidii7 min a/-omwiit, MS 276114,
Majlis Library, Tehran
- K ~ s h f01-mobojjo, Najaf, 1950

IBN AL-TURKUMANT = 'AlZ' al-Din 'Ali b . 'Uthmin 31-Mirdini ( d . 7501

KALBAST = Muhammad Ibrihim b . Muhammad Basan al-IgfahZni ( d . 12621
1846) :
1349-50):
Al-Jowhor 01-noqT f~ ' I - r a d d ' o l a 'I-BayhoqT, Hyderabad, 1354-6 q
Shawtriri' a / - h i d i i y o , MS i?1 7 4 (temporary), Mar'ashi Library, Qum
(together with al-Bayhaqils a/-Sunon 01-kubrii)
K A M A R A ' i = 'AIi NaqT b . MuPammad Hishim al-Igfahini ( m i d - l l t h i l l t h
IBN ZUHRA = Abu '1-MakZrim Bamza b . 'Ali b . Zuhra al-Balabi ( d . 5851 century) :
Risiila dor i t h b i i t - i luziim-i w u j i i d - i mujtahid d o r ram%-i ghaybat-i lmiim,
1189-90) :
C h u n y a t o l - n u z u ' , Tehran, 1276 q (in t h e collection of a/-Jowimi'
MS 3813, Majlis Library, Tehran
a / - f i q h i y y a , p p . 523-626)
KARAJAKT = Abu '1-Fatb Mubarnmad b . 'Uthmin ( d . 44911057-8):
Konz o l - f o w i i ' i d , Tabriz, 1322 q
ILAHIYYAT = Kitabkhina-yi Dinishkada-yi l l i h i y y i i wa ma'ZrifFi Islimi-
y i DZnishgZh-i Tehran, Tehran
K A R A K ~= Niir al-Din 'AIi b . 'Abd al-'AW al-'Amili ( d . 94011534):
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i nuskhahiiy-i kharlT-yi K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i Diinishkodo-
TorTq i s t i n b 3 ol-obkiim, e d . ' A . al-Fadli, Najaf, 1971
y i ll?hiyyiit wa M a ' c r i f - i IsliimT, by M.T. DZnishpazhCih and M.B.
Bujjati , Tehran, 1345-8 sh
KASHAN, R A Q A W ~= Kitibkhina-yi Ayat Allih Radawi, K i s h i n
Catalogue: Nuskhohzy-i khattT-yi K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i A y o t Alliih Rop'owT dor
A L - I M ~ MA L - M A H D ~ = Maktabat al-Imim al-Mahdi, S i m a r r i ' ( I r a q )
s h o h r - i K c s h i n , by M.T. D i n i s h p a z h i h , in N a s h r i y y o - y i K i t ? b k h z n o y i
MarkazT-yi Diinishgiih-i Tehran dar b z r a - y i nuskhahiiy-i k h o t t T , VII
INDIA OFFICE, London:
( T e h r a n , 1353 s h ) , p p . 29-94
Catalogues:
- A Cotologue of t h e Arobic M o n u s c r i p i s i n t h e L i b r a r y of t h e l n d i o K X S H Z N =~ Maktabat al-savvid ' A b b i s al-Kishini, Karbali'
O f f i c e , by 0. Loth and R . Levy, London, 1937
- Catalogue: M o k h t i i t i i t ~ d k t o b o t. . . 01-sayyid ' A b b i i s 0 1 - ~ u s a y n T
(Ashburner) Cotalogue of Two Calleciions of Persian a n d Arobic Manu- a/-KCshiinT f7 K a r b o l ? ' , by B . M . Haddii, Karbali' , 1966
s c r i p t s Preserved in t h e l n d i o Office L l b r o r y , by E .D. Ross and E . G .
Browne, London, 1902
KASHIF AL-GHITA' = Ja'far b . Khidr al-Najfi ( d . 122811813):
Al-Yoqq a/-mubi'n, Tehran, 1316 q
IQBAL, *A.:
-
- S h o r b o l - Q o w z ' i d , MS, private collection of R. UstZdi , Qum (now in
K h i i n i d z n - i NowbokhtT, Tehran, 1345 s h
Mar'ashi Library, Qum)
ISFAHAN, DANISHGAH = Kitibkhina-yi Dinishgih-i Igfahin, Igfahin
KASHSH~= Abii 'Amr Muhammad b . 'Umar b . 'Abd al-'Aziz ( e a r t h 4thi
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i nuskhahiiy-i khottT-yi KitCbkhTjna-yl Diinishgiih-i
10th century ) :
l g f o h z n , by I . Afshir and M . T . Danishpazhiih, in h'oshriyyo-yi K i i z b -
Rijiil aolKoshshT, abridged by al-Shaykh al-Tiisi as l k h t i y i i r mo'rifot
k h z n a - y i M o r k o z r - y i Dznishgzh-i Tehran dar b i i r o - y i n u s k h a h i i y - i
o l - r i j z l , e d . 8 . al-Mugtaiawi, Mashhad, 1348 s h
khoft?, XI-XI1 ( T e h r a n , 1362 s h ) , pp.880-950
228 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'ILAW BIBLIOGRAPHY 229

KXZIMT = Asad AllZh b . Ismi'il al-Tustari ( d . 123411818-19): MA'HAD = Ma'had al-DirZsit al-lslimiyya al-'Ulyi', Baghdad
- * Koshf 01-qinii', Tehran, 1317 q Catalogue' 01-MokhJiitiit a l - ' A r a b i y y a fT Mo'hod 01-Diriisiit 01-lsliimiyya
- Moqiibis 01-anwiir, Tehran, 1322 q o l ' u l y i i ' , by g .A. al-'Ali , Baghdad, 1968

K H A L I S ~= MaktabatMadrasat Madinat al-'Ilm, Kiizimiyya ( I r a q ) M A H D A W ' ~= the private collection of A. Mahdawi, Tehran
Catalogue: M o k h r i i l a t khiziinat Jiimi'at ModTnat a l ' i l m , by Y . M . Haddii Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h a h i i y - i khoJf7-yi k i t i i b k h i i n a - y i k h u $ i i $ T - y i
Baghdad, 1972 D r . A $ g h a r Mohdaw7, b y M.T. Diinishpazhiih, in N a s h r i y y a - y i Kitiib-
KhZina-yi MarkozT-yi DZnishgiih-I Tehran dar b i i r a - y i nuskhahiiy-i
KHALKHALT,M . M . : k h a f f 7 , I1 ( T e h r a n , 1962), p p . 59-181
F i q h ol-ShT'o, T e h r a n , 1393 q (Vol. 3)
M A ~ F U GE ,~ . * A . :
KHALLAF, 'Abd al-WahhZb: - (1) N o E ' i s 01-makhtGriit o l ' A r a b i y y o F l r a n , in Majollot Mo'had
' l l m u $ i j l 01-fiqh, Kuwait, 1968 ol-Makhtiiyiit o l k ' i l r a b i y y a , 111 (1957), p p . 3-78
- (11) A/-MokhfGtiit a / - ' A r a b i y y o f i ' I ' l r i i q , in the above-mentioned
KHATTB = Abii Bakr Abmad b . 'Ali b . ThZbit al-BaghdZdi ( d . 46311072): periodical, IV (19581, p p . 195-258
.
Mishkiit 01-ma$Zib7b, e d . M . N al-AlbZni , Damascus, 1962
MAJJMAQANT, $. :
K H U M A Y N ~= RiiQ AllZh b . Mugtafa al-Miisawi : Folsafat 01-tashr7' f i ' I - l s l i i m , Beirut, 1961
RisZla f i ' I - i j t i h i i d wo 'I-taqlTd, Qum, 1385 q (in a collection of his
treatises entitled 01-RasZ'il) MAEjUzi = SulaymZn b . 'Abd AllZh a i - ~ a ~ r Z n( di . 112111709-10):
A l - ' A s h a r a a/-kljmila, MS 3866, Majlis Library, Tehran
K H W A J ~ '=~MuQammad Ismi'il b . MuQammad Ejusayn al-IgfahZni ( d . 11731
1759-60): MAJLIS = Kitibkhina-yi Majlis, Tehran
Risiila i7 w u j i i b i t t i b i i ' 01-mujtahid l i - { a n n i h , M S 131715 New Series, Cataloaue: F i h r i s l - i K i t i i b k h i i n o - v i Mailis-i ShGriiv-i MiIlT. b v 'A.
Princeton University Library Fii'iri-and o t h e r s , Tehran, 1305-57 sh

K H W A N S A R=~MuPammad Biqir b . Zayn al-Abidin al-Miisawi ( d . 13131 MAJLISi I = MuPammad T a q i b . Maqgiid 'Ali al-lgfahini ( d . 107011659-60):
1395) : - LawZimit-i SiibibqorZinT, Tehran, 1331 q
Rawp'Zit aaljanniit, e d . M . T . al-Kashfi and A. Ismi'iliyZn, Tehran-Qum, - Rawq'at a/-muttoqk , Tehran, 1393-9 q
1390-2 q
M A J L I S ~I1 = MuPammad Baqir b . MuPammad T a q i al-IgfahZni ( d . 11101
KHAYRAT KHAN = Kitibkhina-yi Madrasa-yi KhayrZt KhZn, Mashhad 1 f-
- )..,
i Q-Q-
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i nuskhahciy-i k h a j t 7 - y i Modrasa-yi K h a y r i i t K h i i n , - * Bibiir 01-anwZir, Tehran. 1376 a
b y M . F i a i l , in the t h i r d volume of MajmG'o-yi f i h r i s t - i n u s k h a h i i y - i -
~ i F ' i i tol-'uqGl; T e h r a n ; 1321-i q
khottT-yi kitiibkhonahiiy-i shahrastcinhiiy-i l r a n ( T e h r a n , 1353 s h ) , -
Soyr wa s u l G k , MS 880, Mar'ashi Library, Qum (fols. 52a-56a)
p p . 1717-97 - ZFd 01-ma'Zid, Igfahin, 1311 q

K U L A Y N ~= Abii Ja'far MuPammad b . Ya'qiib al-RZzi ( d . 3291941): MALIK = KitZbkhZna-yi Milli-yi Malik, Tehran
A / - K C F , e d . 'A. A. a l - G h a f c r i , T e h r a n , 1377-9 q Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i k i t i i b h i i y - i k h o t t 7 - y i KitZibkhiina-yi MillT-yi M o l i k ,
b y A. A f s h i r and M.T. Dinishpazhiih, Tehran, 1352-61 sh
LEIDEN = Biblioteek Rijkauniversitat , Leiden
Cotologus codicum O r i e n t a l i u m , b y R . P.A. Dozy and o t h e r s , Leiden, M A M A Q A N ~= 'Abd Allih b . MuPammad @asan ( d . 135111932-3);
1851-77 - Miqbiis a / - h i d Z y o , Tehran, 1345 q
- TonqTb a/-moqiil, Najaf, 1350-2 q
LOS ANGELES = University Research Library, University of California,
Los Angeles MANCHESTER = the John Rylands Library, Manchester
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i i y - i khortT-yi Diinishgiih-i Los Angeles, Catalogue: Catalogue of t h e A r a b i c Manuscripts i n t h e John Rylands
b y M.T. DZnishpazhiih, in N a s h r i y y a - y i K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i Markaz7-yi L i b r a r y , b y A. Mingana, Manchester, 1934
Diinishgiih-i Tehran dor bZiro-yi n u s k h a h i i y - i k h a f t 7 , XI-XI1 ( T e h r a n ,
1362 s h ) , p p . 1-772 MAQR~ZT = T a q i al-Din-Abmad b . 'Ali ( d . 84511441-2):
M a ' r i f o t m b y o j i b li-A1 01-Boyt a/-Nobow7 min a/-baqq ' o l i i man ' o d i i h u m ,
MA'ARIF = KitZbkhZna-yi 'Umiimi-yi Ma'Zrif ( - KitZbkhina-yi Milli) , e d . M.A. 'Ashiir, Cairo, 1392 q
Tehran
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i k u t u - i khatt7-yi Kitiibkhiiana-yi 'Umiim7-yi MAR'ASHT = KitZbkhina-yi 'Umiimi-yi . . . Mar'ashi, Qum
M o ' i i r i f , b y 'A. JawZhir Kalim, Tehran, 1934-5 Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h a h i i y - i khoft7-yi K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i 'UmGmT-yi
. . . Mar'ashT, b y A. l$usayni, Qum, 1395 q -
McDERMOTT, Mil.J . :
T h e Theology of 01-Shaykh a / - M u F d , Beirut, 1978 A L M A S A ' I L A L - M U H A N N ~' I Y Y A = A i w i b o t ol-masZi'i1 allot7 sa'olohii
230 A N INTRODUCTION TO S H I L' A
~W
BIBLIOGRAPHY 231
Muhannii b . Siniin "on 01-'Alliima wa Fokhr a/-Mubaqqiq7n, MS 1474
Central Library, University of Tehran (fols. 79b-103b) Roybiinat a/-odab, Tehran, Vol. 1, 1335 s h ; Vols. 2-6, 1328-33 sh

MASJID-I A'ZAM = Kitibkhina-yi Masjid-i A'gam, Qum MUFiD

MASJID-I JAMI' = Kitibkhana-yi Masjid-i &mi', Tehran
Catalogue: Fihrist-i nuskhohCiy-i khattT-yi Kitiibkhiina-yj Modrasa-yi
Chihilsutiin-i Masjid-i Jiirnie-i Tehran, by R. U s t i d i , in Ashnii'T bii
chand nuskha-yi khatJT (Qum, 1396q), pp.305-88
MASHHAD, ADABIYYAT = Kitibkhina-yi Dinishkada-yi Adabiyyit wa
'Uliim-i Insini-yi Dinishgih-i Firdawsi, Mashhad
Catalogue: Fihrist-i nuskhahiiy-i khajfT-yi Kitiibkhiina-yi Diinishkada-
- - - = Abu 'Abd Allah Muhammad b . Muhammad b . Nu'min al-Ba~hdiidi.
Ibn al-Mu'allim ( d . 41311i22):
- A wii'll 01-moqiiloi, e d . 'A.W. C h a r a n d i b i and F. al-Zanjini, Tabriz,
1364 q
- A/-Fusiil al-mukhtiiro rnin a/-'Uviin wa '/-mahiisin. Naiaf, n . d . (2nd
edition)
- 11-lfsiih fi 'I-irniirna, Naiaf, 1950
- A / - l l t h i i j i i ~ ,e d . M . M . i l - ~ h a r s i n ,Najaf, 1971
- Jawiib ah1 01-Ub'ir tT mii sa'olii 'onh min sohw a/-NabT, Qum, 1398 q
(in 'Ali b . Muhammad al-'Amilils a/-Durr a/-hlonthGr.. 1.. ~ 0 . 1 1 1 - 2 0 ) A.

y i Adobiyyiit. . . , by M . Faail, Mashhad, 1976 - -

A/-Masii'il a/-Siighiiniyya, Nsjaf, n . d .
- Al-Masii'il a/-Sarawivvo. ,, . Qum..
. n . d . ( i n t h e collection of 'Iddot rasii'il
MASHHAD, ILAHIYYAT = Kitibkhina-yi Danishkada-yi IlZhiyyZt wa li 'I-Shaykh 01-MuFd, p p . 207-232)
Ma'arif-i Isliimi , Mashhad a/-Masii'il or-'Ukborivva, ., . MS 2313. Central Librarv. " . Universitv of
Catalogues: Tehran (fols. 58b-69b)
Fihrist-i nuskhahiiy-i khailT-yi Kitzbkhiina-yi Danishkada-yi Iliihiyyiit Al-Radd 'olo o ~ b i i ba/-'odad, Qum, 1398 q (in 'Ali b . Mupammad
. . . , by M . FZdil, Mashhad, 1976 - al-'Amili's 01-Durr 01-Manthiir, I , p p . 122-34)
(Microfilms) Fihrist-i mTkrufilmhiiy-i Kitiibkhiino-yi Diinishkado-yi Al-Tadhkira bi-ujiil a/-fiqh, Tabriz, 1322 q (in al-Karijaki's Konz
lliihiyyiit . . . , by M . FZdil, in Nashriyyo-yi Diinishkado-yi IliihiyyCit a/-fawii'id, p p . 186-94)
wo ma'iirif-i 1sli;mT-yi Mashhad, XI1 (1974), p p . 193-234, XV (1975), TajbTb 01-i'tiqiid, e d . 'A.W. Charanddab:, Tabriz, 1364 q (together
pp.157-201 with t h e author's A wii'il 01-maqiiliit)

MATIJAF = Maktabat al-Matpaf al-'Iraqi, Baghdad MUBAMMAD AL-LMUL~ = Shams al-Din Mupammad b . Mapmiid (8thl14th
Catalogue: Makhtiitiit Moktabat al-Matbaf a/-'IriiqT, by U . N . a1 century) :
Naqshbandi and'A.A. al-Qashtini, Baghdad, 1975 (Voi. 1) Nafci'is a/-funiin , Tehran, 1377-9 q

MIFTAB = the private collection of IJ. Miftap, Tehran MUBAMMAD A L - A R D A B ~ L( ~

d . 110111689-90):
Catalogue: Fihrist-i nuskhohiiy-i khottT-yi Kitiibkhiina-yi Dr. uusoyn Jiimi' 01-ruwiit, Tehran, 1331 s h
Mift*, by M.T. Dinishpazhiih, in Nahriyya-yi Kitiibkhiinnoyi Markazi-
yi Diinishgiih-i Tehran d a r biira-yi nuskhohiiy-i khattT, VII ( T e h r a n , MUBAMMAD BAQIR AL-$ADR:
1353 s h ) , pp.95-511 - Duriis tT 'ilm a/-uj5l , Beirut, 1978
- Al-Fatiiwii a/-wiidiw, Najaf, 1396 q
MILL^ = KitZhkhZna-yi Milli , Tehran
Catalogue: Fihrist-i nusakh-i khatiT-yi Kitiibkhiino-yi MIIF, by 'A. MUBAQQIQ = Najm al-Din Abu 'I-QZsim Ja'far b . Basan al-uilli
Anwir, Tehran, 1344-58 s h (d. 67611277):
- Mo'iirij 01-uziil, Tehran, 1310 q
MIQDAD= Jam51 al-Din MiqdZd b . 'Abd Allah al-Suyiiri al-rilli ( d . 8261 - a/-Mu'tabar, Tehran, 1318 q
1423): - Nukat 01-Nihiiya, Tehran, 1276 q (in t h e collection of 01-JowCrni' ol-
A/-TanqTb 01-rii'i', MS 1725, Mar'ashi Library, Qum fiqhiyyo, p p . 373-4101
- Sharii'i' 01-lsliim, Beirut, n . d .
M ~ JRJ A M ~ DBUSAYN B. MUIJAMMAD QULf AL-LAKNAWT ( d . 130611888-9):
'AbaqFt a/-anwiir, translated into Arabic by 'Ali al-JJusayni al-MilZni, M U N D H I R ~= Zaki al-Din 'Abd al-'Acim b . 'Abd al-Qawi ( d . 65611258):
Qum, 1398 q (Vol. I) Mukhtasor sob70 Muslim, e d . M.N. al-Albini, Kuwait, 1969

M ~ R JA'FAR
Z ~ = Kitibkhina-yi Madrasa-yi Mirza J a ' f a r , Mashhad MURTAPA = Abu 'I-Qasim 'Ali b . Busayn al-Miisawi , 'Alarn al-Hudi
Catalogue: Fihrist-i nuskhohoy-i khatt7-yi Kitiibkhiina-yi Modraso-yi ( d . 43611044):
Mii-zii Ja'for, by 'A. Niirani and K.M. Shinachi , in Fihrist-i -
Al-DharT'z ilF ujiil 01-sharTCa, e d . A . G u r j i , Tehran, 1346-8 s h
nuskhahiiy-i khotfi-yi chahiir kitiibkhiina-yi Mashhad, t h e f i r s t volume - Ibtiil a l ' a m o l bi-okhbiir 01-ZbCd, microfilm 1162, Central Library,
of Majmii'o-yi fihrist-i nuskhahiiy-i khacfT-yi kitiibkhiinahiiy-i University of Tehran (fols. 142b-143a)
shohrastiinhiiy-i Iron ( T e h r a n , 1351 s h ) , pp.25-43 - Al-IntijCr, Najaf, 1971
- . ,, a/-thiilitha. t h e above-mentioned
Jowiibiit a/-rnasii'il a/-rnawsilivvo
MU'ALLIM = Mubamrnad 'Ali Mu'allim JJabibZbidi: microfilm (fols. 36-56a)
Makiirim 01-iithiir , IgfahZn , 1337 s h - - Jawiibzt al-rnosii'il 01-rnowgiliyyo 01-thCniyo, t h e above-mentioned
microfilm (fols. 31-5)
- Jawiibzt 01-rnosii'il a/-Tabbiiniyyiit, microfilm 1255, Central Library,
MUDARRIS = Mupammad 'Ali b . Mupammad T i h i r al-Tabrizi ( d . 137311954):
University of Tehran
232 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW BIBLIOGRAPHY 233

-
Jawiibiit 01-masii'il 0 1 - T a r i i b u l u s i y y i i t , microfilm 1162, Central Library, ( T e h r a n , 1351 s h ) , pp.437-562
University of Tehran
- A l - S h i i f l , Tehran, 1302 q N U J U M ~ = the
private collection of M . Nujiimi, Kirminshzh ( I r a n )
Catalogue: MokhJEtiil moktabot 01-soyyid Murtog'z 01-NujLimT, by A .
MURTAPA A L - R A Z ~ = Jamil al-Din Abii 'Abd Allah Muhammad b . a u s a y n al-L<usayni, in his Do171 a / - m o k l ? l i i f i i t ( Q u m , 1397 q ) , pp. 214-97
b . uasan ( 6 t h l l 2 t h c e n t u r y ) :
T a b g i r a t 01-'owiimm, e d . ' A . J J i ' i r i , Tehran, n . d . N U ' M A N ~ = Abii 'Abd Allih Mubammad b . Ibrihim al-Kitib, Ibn A b i
Zaynab ( d . around 3501961):
MUSHAR,Khinbiba: TofsTr 01-Nu'miinT, Tehran, 1387 q (in al-Majlisi 11's B i b i i r 01-onwiir,
F i h r i s t - i k i t i i b h i i y - i chiipT-yi ' A r a b ? , Tehran, 1344 q XCIII, pp.1-97)

MUSLIM = Abu '1-JJusayn Muslim b . JJajjij al-Qushayri al-Naysabiiri NURBAKI~SH = Kitibkhina-yi Niirbakhsh, Khiniqah-i Ni'mal Allihi ,
( d . 2611875): Tehran
SohTI, Muslim, Cairo, 1290 q Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i i y - i k h o f l T - y i K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i N i i r b o k h s h
. . . , by I . D i b i j i , Tehran, 1970-3
MUTTAQf = 'Ali' al-Din 'Ali b . UusXm al-Din al-Burhinpiiri ( d . 9751
1567): NOR^ = JJusayn b . Muhammad Taqi ( d . 132011902):
Konz a / - ' u m m i i l , tlyderabad, 1945-75 Mustadrok a/-Wasii'il, Tehran, 1382 q

MUZAFFAR , Muhammad Riai : ~ H p Ni U ' M A N = Abii JJanifa Nu'min b . Muhammad al-Tamimi

U$Zl a / - f i q h , Najaf, 1967 al-Maghribi ( d . 3631974):
I k h t i l i i f u $ Z l a / - m o d h z h i b , e d . M . Ghilib, Beirut, 1973
MUZA = Miiza-yi Iran-i B i s t i n , Tehran
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h a h i i y - i k h o f r r - y i k i t i i b k h i i n o - y i Miiza-yi QADIRIYYA = al-Maktabat al-Qidiriyya, Gmi' al-Shaykh 'Abd al-Qidir
I r o n - i B i i s t i i n , by M.T. Dinishpazhiih, in N a s h r i y y a - y i K i t i i b k h i i n o - al-Gilini , Bagkdad
y i MorkozT-yi Diinishgiih-i T e h r a n d o r b i i r o - y i n u s k h a h i i y - i k h a f l T , I1 Catalogue: a / - A l h i i r 01-khorfiyya f i 'I-Moktobot a / - Q i i d i r i y y o . . . , by
( T e h r a n , 1962), pp.199-218 ' I . ' A . Ra'iif, Baghdad, 1974-7

N H ' T N ~= Mubarnmad Ijusayn b . 'Abd al-Rahim ( d . 135511936): QAFFAL :Sayf al-Din Muhammad b . Ahmad al-Shishi ( d . 50711113-14):
Munyat a / - f i i l i b , a collection of al-Ni'ini's lectures compiled by Miis: f l i l y a t a / - ' u l o m i i ' = 01-MustozhorT, e d . Y . A . I . Daridka, Beirut, 1980
al-Najafi al-Khwansiri , Tehran, 1373 q
Q A S T A L L N =~ Shihib al-Din A l p a d b . Mubarnmad al-Khatib ( d . 92311517):
NAJAFi :Muhammad JJasan b . Mubarnmad B i q i r , Sahib al-Jawihir A/-Mawiihib 01-lodunniyyo, Cairo , 1325-8 q
( d . 126611850):
Jawiihir 01-kaliim, e d . 'A. al-Qiichini and others, Najaf-Tehran, QAWAM A L - D ~ N A L - W I S H N A W ~ :
1377-1401 q flodTth a / - Thaqolayn , Cairo, 1374 q

-
N A J A S H ~ Abu '1-'Abbis Ahmad b . 'A17 nl-Asadi
1058-9):
al-gayrafi ( d . 4501 Q U H P A ' ~= 'Inayat Al1;lh b . 'Ali ( d . after 101611607-8):
Majma' 01-rijiil, e d . p . al-'Allima, Igfahin, 1387 q
RijCl 01-NojiishT, T e h r a n , 1337 s h
RApAWi = Kitibkhiina-yi Astin-i Quds-i Ragawi, Mashhad
NASA'I = AbG 'Abd al-RaQmZn Ahmad b . 'Ali b . Shu'ayb ( d . 3031915): Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i k u t u b - i K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i mubiiroko-yi j s t i i n - i Quds-i
S u n o n , Cairo, 1312 q Rog'owT, Mashhad, 1305 sh -

NASHRIYYA = N o s h r i y y o - y i K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i MarkorT-yi Diinishgiih-i T e h r o n RAQAWlYYA = Kitiibkhina-yi Madrasa-yi Raaawiyya, Qum

d o r b i i r o - y i n u s k h o h i i y - i k h a t j T , Tehran, 1340 sh - Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h a h i i y - i k h o f t T - y i Kitiibkhiinino-yi Madrosa-yi
RaQ'owiyya, by 8. Mudarrisi T a b i t a b i ' i , Qum, 1355 s h
NASTR AL-DIN
AL-TUST ( d . 67211274):
A k h l i i q - i Niisir?, e d . M . Minuwi and 'A.R. u a y d a r i , T e h r a n , 1356 s h RAPT AL-DTN A L - Q A Z W ? N ~ ( d . 109611685):
-
Qiyiifat a / - i k h w i i n , ed. A . al-JJusayni, Qum, 1397 q
-
NAWADIR = Min nowiidir mokhfLiJiit Moktabat z y o t A l l i i h 01-flok?m 01-'zrnmo, TiirFkh-i mashZhTr-i l m i i m i y y a , MS 351411, Central Library, University
Najaf, 1962 of Tehran ( p p . 327-8)

NAWWAB = Kitzbkhina-yi Madrasa-yi Nawwib , Mashhad R~HNIM~YK

Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i i y - i k h a f f r - y i k i t i i b k h i i n o - y i Modrosa-yi
Nawwiib, by 'A. Niirini and K . M . S h i n a c h i , in F i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i i y - i
kholJT-yi d u k i t i i b k h i i n o - y i Moshhad, the second volume of Mojm;'a-yi
f i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i i y - i k h o f t 7 - y i k i t i i b k h i i n o h i i y i shahrostiinhiiy-i I r o n
- II T A T , Persian periodical, Tehran, 1337-57 s h
RASHT = Kitabkhina-yi 'Umiimi-yi, Rasht
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h o h i i y - i k h o f f T - y i k i t i i b k h i i n a - y i J o m e i y y a t - i
Noshr-i F o r h a n g - i s h o h r - i R a s h t , by M . Rawshan, in t h e thrid volume
234 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW BIBLIOGRAPHY 235

of Majmij'a-yi f i h r i s t - i nuskhahiiy-i khoRT-yi kitiibkhiinahiiy-i pp. 417-32

shahrostiinhiiy-i l r a n ( T e h r a n , 1351), p p . 1081-238
S H A H ~ DI = Shams al-Din Mubammad b . Makki al-'mili ( d . 78611384):
RAW AND^ = Qutb al-Din Sa'id b . Hibat Allih ( d . 57311178): - D h i k r i i a/-ShT'o, Tehran, 1271 q
F i q h 01-Qur '?in , e d . A . al-gusayni , Qum , 1397-9 q -
A l - D u r i j s 01-shar'iyya, Tehran, 1269 q
- Al-Qawii'id wa 'lFfaw5'id. T e h r a n , 1308 q
RAWPATI= the private collection of M . ' A . R a w o i t i , IgfahZn
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i k u t u b - i khaftT-yi kitiibkhiinohiiy-i l g f a h i i n , b y SHAH~D I1 = Zayn al-Dig b . 'AIi b . Ahmad al-'Amili ( d . 96611559):
M.'A. Rawaxti, IgfahZn, 1377 q -
A / - D i r i i y a , e d . M.J. A1 IbrZhim, Najaf, n . d .
- Maslilik a/-afhiim, Tehran, 1273 q
R I Q A
~ L - Q A Z W ~ N=~ Rigi b . Mubarnmad 'Ali al-Fiusayni (mid-l3thll9th -
Al-Rawg'a a / - b a h i y y o , Najaf, 1386-90 q
century) :
Al-Farq bayn 01-AkhbiiriyyTn wo 'I-UgijliyyTn, MS 3720, Mar'ashi S H A H R A S T ~ N H=~Majmij'a-yi f i h r i s t - i nuskhohiiy-i k h a j t 7 - y i k i t i i b k h k a -
Library, Qum hiiy-i shahrostiinhiiy-i l r a n , Tehran, 1351-3 sh

RlSALA FI ' L - T A H ~ R AWA ' L - S A L ~ T (belonging to the 12thl18th cen- S H A H R A S T ~ N =~ Abu '1-Fatb Mubammad b . 'Abd al-Karim ( d . 54811153);
t u r y ) , MS 30711, Gulpiyigini Library, Qum Al-Milo1 wa ' I - n i b a l , e d . A . M . a l b ' i d , Cairo, 1977

$AD~= Q Abii Ja'far Mubammad b . 'Ali al-Qummi, Ibn Bibawayh ( d . 3811 SHARAF AL- in, 'Abd al-Jjusayn:
991-2) : A/-Muriijajo'iit, Beirut, n . d .
-
' I l o l 01-sharii'i', e d . F . al-Tabitabi'i al-Yazdi, Qum, 1377-8 q
- A l - l ' t i q i i d i i t , Tehran, 1379 q (together with al-Miqdid's a/-No%'' yawm SHARU QATRA T AL-BAVRAYN (early l l t h l l 7 t h c e n t u r y ) , MS 1843,
a/-bashr IT sharb 01-biib ooibiidTeashr, p p . 66-115) Mar'ashi Library, Qum
- * M a n 15 yab(iuruh a/-faqTh, e d . V . M . al-Kharsin, Najaf, 1957
-
A l - M u q n i ' , e d . M . Wi'ivzida, Tehran, 1377 q S H A R ~ FA L - J U R J ~ N T ( d 81611413):
- Al-TowbTd, e d . H.U. al-'fihrini, Tehran, 1387 q S h a r b 01-Mawiiqif, Constantinople, 1286 q

A ., :
~AFA'~ S H ~ T I B= ~Abii IsbZq Ibrihim b . Miisi al-Gharniti ( d . 79011388):
Hishiim b . a/-Vakom, T e h r a n , 1342 sh A/-Muwiifoqiit, Cairo, 1344 q

QAFFAR = Abii Ja'far Murammad b . Jjasan b . Farrukh alkQummi ( d . 2901 SHAYKH = AbG J a ' f a r Mgbammad b . uasan al-Tiisi ( d . 46011067):
902-3): - A l - F i h r i s t . e d . M.S. A1 Bahr alk'uliirn.. Naiaf., . 1937
Bogii'ir a / - d o r a j i i l , e d . M . Kiichabighi, Tabriz, 1381 q - A / - ~ h a ~ b a~' ,a b r i i ,1323 q'
- A l - l s t i b s i i r , e d . B . M . al-Kharsin, Najaf, 1375-6 q
~ A ~ AI LB- D H A R ~'A = Maktabat gibib al-Dhari 'a al-'Amma, Najaf - TahdhTb a/-abkiim, e d . H M . al-KharsZn, Najaf, 1958-62
- ' U d d a t 01-usiil, Tehran, 1314 q
~ A ~ AL-MA'ALIM
I B = uasan b . Zayn al-Din al-'Amili ( d . 101111602):
Ma'iilim a/-dTn , Tehran, n . d . S H ~ R A Z= ~Maktabat Madrasat al-Shirizi , SZmarri' ( I r a q )

Q A ~ I BAL-MADARIK = Mubammad b . 'Ali al-Miisawi ai-'Zmili ( d . 10091 SHUBBAR = 'Abd Allih b . Mubammad R i a i 31-Jjusayni ( d . 124211826):
1600): B u g h y a t a/-&ilibTn, MS 3972, Majlis Library, Tehran
-
Hidiiyot a / - f i i l i b i n , MS 4641, Majlis Library, Tehran
- * Madiirik 01-abkiim, Tehran, 1322 q SINK = KitibkhZna-yi Majlis-i S i n i , Tehran
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i k i t i i b h i i y - i k h a j j i - y i K i t i i b k h i i n o - y i Majlis-i S i n g ,
SALLAR = AbG Ya'lZ Jjamza b . 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Daylami ( d . 44811056-7): by M.T. Dinishpazhiih and B. 'Ilmi AnwZri, Tehran, 1356-9 sh
Al-Mariisim, e d . M . al-BustZni , Beirut, 1980
SIPAHSALAR = Kitibkhina-yi Madrasa-yi Sipahsilir, Tehran
SALT AN AT^ = Kitibkhina-yi Saltanati , Tehran Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i KitZibkhiina-yi Madraso-yi ' A T - y i Sipohsiiliir, by
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i k u t u b - i cfnT wa madhhob7-yi khattT-yi K i t i i b - Ibn Yiisuf S h i r i z i and o t h e r s , Tehran, 1315-56 sh
khiino-yi S a l ~ a n a t T ,by Badri AtZbiy, Tehran, 1352 s h
S U L A Y M ~KHAN
N = Kitibkhina-yi Madrasa-yi SulaymZn Khan, Mashhad
SAMAHTJT = 'Abd AllXh b . QZlil) al-Babrini ( d . 113511723): Catalogue: F h r i s t - i nuskhahiiy-i khottT-yi Kitiibkhiina-yi Madrasa-yi
Munyot a/-mumiirisii,, MS 1916127, Majlis Library, Tehran Suloyrniin K h i i n , by 'A. NiirZni and K . M . ShZnachi, in F i h r i s t - i
nuskhahciy-i khattT-yi chahiir k i t i i b k h i i n a - y i Mashhad, the first volume
SARYAZDT = KitZbkhina-yi Saryazdi, Madrasa-yi K h i n , Yazd of Majmir'a-yi f i h r i s t - i nuskhahiiy-i k h a j j T - y i kitiibkhiinahiiy-i
Catalogue: [ F i h r i s t - i nuskhahiiy-i k h a l t T - y i ] Kitiibkhiina-yi SoryordT, shohrostiinhiiy-i I r o n (Tehran, 1351 s h ) , p p . 1-24
by M.T. Danishpazhiih, i n N a s h r i y y a - y i K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i MorkazT-yi
Diinishgiih-i Tehran dar biira-yi nuskhahiiy-i kharr7, IV ( T e h r a n , 19661,
236 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHT'T LAW BIBLIOGRAPHY 237

S U Y ~ T= Jalil
~ al-Din 'Abd al-Rabmin b . Abi Bakr ( d . 91111505): WAJ~TD,
Perisan periodical,Tehran, 1342-59 sh
/by?' a i - m a y t , Najaf, n . d .
W A ZRT~ = Kitibkhina-yi Waziri, Yazd
TABARANT = Abu '1-QZsim Sulaymin b . AQmad b . AyyZb ( d . 3601970-1): Catalobue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h a h a - i k h a t f r - y i K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i WarTrT, by
Al-Mu'jam ai-gaghTr, e d . ' A . M . 'Uthmin, Madina, 1968 M . ShirwZni , Tehran, 1350 sh -

T A B R I S ~= AbE 'Ali Fadl b . ljasan, Amin al-IslXm ( d . 54811154): Y ~ D N ~ M A - SHAYKH-I

Yi T%T, e d . M . WZeizzida, Mashhad, 1972-6
Majma' a / - b a y i i n , Tehran, 1379-82 q
YAVYT\ AL-BAIJRANT = Sharaf al-Din YaQyi b . ljusayn b . 'Ashira
T A B R ~ ZMILL^
, = KitZbkhana-yi Milli, Tabriz al-Mufti ( d . after 96711553-60):
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i MiilT-yi TabrTz, by W . Sayyid T m a ' r ~ f a tmashci'ikh 01-ShT'a, e d . M .T . Danishpazhiih, in
Risiila t
YZnusi , Tabriz, 1345 sh Majalla-yi Diinishkada-yi A d a b i y y i i t - i T a b r T z , X I X (1345 s h ) ,
pp.306-19
T A ~ T \ w =~ AbE Ja'far Ahmad b . Muhammad al-Azdi ( d . 3211933):
M u s h k i l a / - i i t h i i r , Hyderabad, 1333 q Y A U Y A B. SA'TD = Najib al-DTn YabyZ b . Ahmad b . Sa'id al-Hudhali
al-Villi ( d . '68911290) :
TAVTAWT = Abmad b . Mubarnmad b . Ismi'il ( d . 123111816): ~ u i h a 01-niizir,
t e d . A . al-ljusayni and N . a l - W i ' i ~ i , Najaf, 1386 q
t l z s h i y a t 01-Durr ai-mukhtiir, Cairo, 1254 q
ZANJAN = the private collection of 'Izz al-Din al-ljusayni, ZanjZn
TARBIYAT = KitZbkhina-yi Tarbiyat , Tabriz Catalogue: MakhtiiJcit maktabat imiim 01-Jum'a, by A . al-ljusayni, in
Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i K i t a b k h i i n a - y i DawlatT-yi T a r b i y a t , by M . his DalTl a / - m a k h t i i f i i t (Qum, 1397 q ) , p p . 88-170
Nakhjawani , Tabriz, 1329 s h
Z A N J L N ~= the private collection of A . Zanjini, Qum
TIRMIDHT = A ~ 'Zi s i Muhammad b . 'Tsi al-sulami ( d . 2791892-3): Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i nuskhahciy-i k h a f t r - y i k l t i i b k h i i n a - y i s h a k h ~ T - y i
S u n a n , Beirut, 1394 q . . , ZanjcinT, by R. UstZdi and l j . Mudarisi TabZJabi'i, in
l s h n i i ' i b i i chand n u s k h a - y i k h a j f T (Qum, 1396 q ) , p p . 155-304
TOPKAPl SERAYI = Topkapi Serayi Miizesi Kiitiiphanesi, Istanbul
Catalogue: Arapca yazmalar kataioGu, by F . E . Karatay, Istanbul, 1964 ZARQA',M.A.:
A/-Madkhal a/-fiqhT a l ' i i m m , Damascus, 1959
TU'MA. S . H . :
I M a k h t ~ j 5 tK a r b a l i i ' , Najaf, 1973 ZU~~AY W.:L~,
- Khazci'in k u t u b Karbalii' a/-biip'ira, Najaf, 1977 A/-WasTf , Damascus, 1969

TUNUKABUNT = Mubammad b . Sulaymin ( d . 130211884-5):

Qigag a l ' u l a m i i ' , Tehran, n . d .

T U R A Y ~ ~ T= Fakhr al-Din b . Muhammad 'Ali ( d . 108511674-5)

Jiimi' ai-maqiil, Tehran, 1374 q

T U S T A R ~Mubammad
, Taqi
- QiimEs 01-rijiil, Tahran, 1379 q -
- Risiilo ,iT sahw 01-NabT, Tehran, 1349 s h (together with Vol. 11 of the
author's Qiimimus a / - r i j i i l )

TUSTARIYYA = Maktabat al-Ijusayniyya al-Tustariyya, Najaf

Catalogue: F i h r i s t - i n u s k h a h i i y - i k h a t t T - y i K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i u u s a y n i y y a -
y i S h i i s h t a r T h i i , by A . IsmZ'iliyZn and R. U s t i d i , in N a s h r i y y a - y i
K i t i i b k h i i n a - y i M a r k a z i - y i Diinishgiih-i T e h r a n d a r b i i r a - y i n u s k h a h i i y -
i khaLyT, XI-XI1 ( T e h r a n , 1362 s h ) , p p . 787-879

USTADT = the ~ r i v a t ecollection of R. UstZdi, Qum (now in Mara'ashi

Library, Q&)
Catalogue: $ad wa s h a j t n u s k h a - y i k h a t f i a z y a k kitcibkhiina-yi
s h a k h g i , by R. U s t i d i , Qum, 1354 sh

VATICAN = Biblioteca Vaticana

Catalogue: Elenco m u n s c r i t t a r a b i lslamici della Biblioteca Vaticana, by
G . Levi della vida, Rome, 1935-65
Index

Special abbreviation :
M. = Muhammad
1 - AUTHORS
' A b b i s A b i i T u r i b i 158
' A b b i s ' A l i al-KazzZzi 170
' A b b i s a l - J a g i n i 69
' A b b i s a l - Q a z w i n i 75
' A b b a s a l - T i i n i 135
' A b d al-'Ali a l - H a r a n d i 173, 207
' A b d a l - ' A l i a l - f i p a l a q i 123,
1 3 3 , 146
' A b d a l - ' i l i a l - K a r a k i 51. 66.
7 1 , 1 2 0 , 1 3 5 , 213
' A b d a l k q A 1 i a l - R a s h t i 68
' A b d Allah a l - A f a n d i 177
' A b d AllZh b . ' A l i b i b i 88
' A b d A l l i h a l - H a z i r j a r i b i 82
'Abd Allih al-Jazi'iri 86, 87,
109
' A b d Allah b . K h a l i l 204, 205
'A b d A l l i h a l - K i r m i n s h Z h i 8 2 .
1 2 7 , 1 8 3 , 1 8 9 , 194, 201, 210
' A b d AllZh a l - M a m a o i n i 70.
112-13, 1 1 8 , 121,- 128, i 5 4 ,
159, 169, 173, 174, 194, 197,
209, 214
' A b d A l l a h a l - M Z z a n d a r i n i 156
' A b d A l l a h a l - s a y m a r i 162
' A b d A l l i h S h u b b a r 8 7 , 98
' A b d A l l i h a l - T i i n i 8 , 147
' A b d Allah a l - T u s t a r i 51, 8 5 , 96,
1 0 6 , 1 2 6 , 1 3 3 , 143, 145, 146,
1 5 4 , 1 6 2 , 1 6 3 , 166, 182, 1 8 3 ,
1 9 5 , 198
' A b d al-'Aqim b . M. Ma'sGm 206
' A b d al-'Aziz b . a l - B a r r i j 43,
63, 1 2 1
' A b d a l - G h a n i 83
' A b d a l - G h a n i a l - K i s h m i r i 67
' A b d a l - H i d i al-DilijZni 1 3 5
' A b d a l - H i i d i a l - S h i r i z i 157, 193
' A b d a l - H a s i b al-'Xmili 122. 206
' A b d al-6ayy a l - J u r j i n i 133,
1 3 5 , 204
' A b d a l - H u s a y n al-A'sam 68
' A b d a l - g u s a y n a l - A g b a g h i 88
' A b d a l - g u s a y n al-'Agi 81
'Abd al-gusayn al-Baraghini
72. 74
' A b d al-JJusayn a l - g i l l i 122
' A b d al-gusayn al-Kiqimi 135
' A b d a l - g u s a y n a l - Q a z w i n i 69
' A b d a l - a u s a y n a l - T i h r i n i 196
' A b d al-Karim a l - g i ' i r i 1 1 , 5 8 ,
1 3 8 , 186
' A b d al-Karim a l - i r a w i n i 9 1
'A b d al-Karim a l - J u r j i n i 77
' A b d al-Karim a l - Q a z w i n i 177
' A b d al-Karim a l - T a b a s i 199
' A b d al-Malik b . F a t h a n 7 2 , 209
' A b d a l - N a b i al-BaQrZni 1 9 1
' A b d al-Nabi al-Jazi'iri 53, 71
'Abd al-Nabi al-Qazwini 151
' A b d a l - Q i d i r a l - M i z a n d a r i n i 82
'Abd al-Rabmin al-'Ati'iqi 71
' A b d al-RaQmin a l - Q a z w i n i 68
' A b d a l - R a p i m b . Ma'riif 95
' A b d al-Rabim a l - Q a z w i n i 68
' A b d a l - R a s h i d a l - T u s t a r i 89
' A b d al-Rasiil a l - F i r i i z k i i h i 1 2 0 ,
1 3 1 , 169, 190
' A b d a l - S a h i b a l - N a r Z q i 118
' A b d al-Salim a l - A n g i r i 72, 206
' A b d al-Samad a l - H a m a d i n i 6 6 ,
6 8 , 97, 1 7 5
' A b d al-$amad a l - T a b r i z i 67
' A b d a l - W a h h i b a l - B a r a g h i n i 87
' A b d al-WahhZb a l - M a b a l l i t i 69
' A b d al-Wihid a l - D a r i r 1 5 5
Al-Abi 58, 7 0
' A b i d B u s a v n a l - A n s a r i 67
AbG ' ~ b dAllah a l - i n g i r i 1 3 1
A b i i ' A l i a l - g i ' i r i 98
A b u 'I-Fat4 a l - S h a r i f i 1 1 5
A b u '1-gasan a l - A b i w a r d i 204,
214
A b u '1-Hasan a l - A n g a j i 142
A b u '1-gasan a l - F u t i i n i 8 6 , 1 9 1
A b u ' 1 - g a s a n a l - I g f a n i n i 5 8 , 94,
i+n" "n
A b u '1-Flasan b M. Kiqim 168
A b u ' I - a a s a n al-Miisawi 100
A b u '1-JJasan a l - S h a h r a s t i n i 90
A b u '1-IJasan a l - T u n u k i b u n i 68
A b u '1-Ma'ali a l - A s t a r a b i d i 134
A b u '1-Majd a i - I g f a h a n i 1 1 , 9 3 ,
1 3 1 , 176
INDEX O F A U T H O R S
A b u '1FMakZrim al-ZanjZni 1 3 1
A b u '1-QZsim b . ' A b b i s 87
A b u '1-QZsim a l - G u l p i y i g i n i 114
136
...
A b u '1-Qisim a l - g u s a y n i 1 7 4 ,
186
- 'A17 A k b a r b . ' A l i 82
A b u '1-QZsim a l - I s h k a w a r i 176
A b u 'I-Qisim a l - K a l i n t a r i al-
~ i h r g n i1 1 , 207
A b u '1-Qisim a l F K h w i n s 5 r i 155,
156
A b u '1-Qisim a l - K u j i i r i 1 7 1
A b u 'I-Qisim al-LZhiiri 200
A b u '1-Qisim al-Miisawi 1 6 1
A b u '1-Qisim a l - N a r Z a i 184
A b u ' 1 - ~ i s i m a l - ~ a z d i f 67
A b i l TZlib a l - F i n d i r i s k i 8 1
A b b T i l i b a l - H a m a d i n i 99
AbG TZlib a l - Q i ' i n i 1 5 6 , 1 7 8 ,
18j
A b i i TZlib al-Qummi 137
Abii T i l i b a l - T a j l i l 178
A b i i TZlib a l - Z a n j i n i 166
A b i i T u r i b a l - K h w Z n s i r i 93
A b i i T u r Z b a l - Q a z w i n i 90
Abii Ya'lZ 102
AQnird a l - A h s i ' i 75
A h m a d b . ' A l i M u k h t i r al-
G u l p i y i g i n i 71, 157, 171,
183, 197
A h m a d a l k e A m i l i 129. 184
A h m a d b . I b r i h i m b . ' i s i al-
B a h r Z n i 194
A i - A k h b Z r i l i 3 , 157, '160, ' 1 6 5 ,
1 6 8 , 1 7 0 , 174, 201
' A l i ' B u r h i n a l - T a b r i z i 96
'AlZ' al-Mulk F i d i l K h a n 139
Al B a h r al-'Uliim 112, 118, 168,
1 7 1 , 1 7 9 , 1 8 0 , 182, 1 8 5 , 192,
241
208, 209, 213
' A l i b . ' A b d al-GhaffZr 69
' A l i b . ' A b d al-$amad al-'Amili
132
' A l i b . A h m a d b . A b i &mi' 74
' A l i A k b a r a l - K h w Z n s i r i 7 2 , 135
'Ali A k b a r al-Qazwini 92, 114,
1 2 7 , 211
' A l i Al B a b r alkeUliim 6 6 , 1 4 0 ,
208
' A l i b . ' A l i b . J J u s a y n alhC.%mili
6 6-
' A l i A1 K i s h i f al-Ghifa' 6 8 , 111,
1 6 8 , 179
A a l - ' A l v i r i 8 3 . 140. 162
' A l i al-Ang;ri 133
' A l i a l - A ' r a i i 83
' A l i a l - B a b r i n i 186
' A l i a l - B a r a e h Z n i 66
' A l i al-Huriiyini 93
' A l i a l - D u z d a r i 69
' A l i a l - G h a r a w i 124
' A l i b . Hilal a l - J a z i ' i r i 50, 73
'Ali al-Husayni al-AstaribZdi
135
' A l i a l - H u s a v n i a l - M i l i n i 178. 212
' A l i a l - K a n i 1 7 4 , 211
' A l i a l - K a r b a l i ' i 1 1 4 , 199
' A l i a l - K h a t t i 204
' A l i a l - ~ h w i n s i r i69
' A l i al-KhwZtiinZbZdi 69
' A l i a l - M a q i b i 144
' A l i a l - M a y s i 134
' A l i al-MZzra'i 104
' A l i a l - M i u s h i r 172
' A l i b . Muhammad 189
' A l i b . M. al-'Amili 6 7 , 7 4 , 8 1 ,
1 3 3 , 175
' A l i Mubammad a l - H u s a y n i 69
' A l i al-Muhammadi 157
'Ali b . M . ' ~ a ' f a r al-Astaribidi
75, 7 7 , 90
' A l i b . Mu'pyi & D i n al-Tami'i
' A l i a l - N a k w a n d i 11
' A l i N a q i a l - K a m a r a ' i 1 4 2 , 188
' A l i N a q i a l - T a b i t a b Z ' i 6 9 , 78
' A l i Nacti a l - T a b r i z i 207
' A l i a l - Q i r p i i z i b a d i 7 4 , 173, 199
' A l i Ria: a l - T a j a l l i 147
'Ali a l - S i ' i z h 71
'Ali al-iiw{i 99
' A l i a l - S h a h r a s t i n i 1 3 8 , 141,
1 7 1 , 188
 242 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHi'i LAW
'Ali al-Shiilastini 138
'Ali al-Tihrini 6 9 , 76
'Ali al-Tustari 99
'Ali al-'UsfGr? 151
'A17 al-Yazdi al-Mudarris 72
'Ali al-Zawiri 134
'Ali b . Zayn alF'Abidin 69
A1-'Allima 8 , 23, 47-9, 70-6,
1 0 3 , 152, 204
Amin al-Astaribidi 52, 5 4 , 129
Amin al-Islim al-Tabrisi 45, 114
Amin al-TunT 149
Amjad Jjusayn A l l i h i b i d i 83
A1-Ansiri 9 , 1 1 , 5 7 , 9 9 , 112,
1 1 8 , 124, 1 3 7 , 1 5 4 , 1 5 6 , 1 5 7 ,
1 5 8 , 1 6 0 , 1 7 4 , 1 8 3 , 1 8 4 , 185,
1 8 9 , 1 9 2 , 1 9 7 , 202, 203, 207.
Aqi al-Darbandi 90
Al-Ardabili 51-3. 83.. 95.. 115.
1 6 4 , 1 7 7 , 199
Asad Allah al-Shafti 69, 130
Al-iishtiyini 1 1 , 1 1 2 , 118, 131,
1 4 1 , 1 4 4 , 153, 211
'At;' Allih al-Amuli 186
AwEang Zib al-QijZr 66
'Aziz Allih al-Khalkhili 132
Badr al-Din al-Naysibiiri 150
B a h i ' al-Din al-'Amili 5 1 , 71,
7 4 , 8 5 , 9 6 , 106. 117. 122.
B a h i ' al-Din al-Mashriqi 147
Babr al-'Uliim 56, 89-96, 1 5 6 ,
165, 201
Al-Balighi 1 2 1 , 1 3 1 , 1 3 2 , 141,
1 7 0 , 1 7 1 , 174
Banda tiusavn al-Naaawi 200
Biyazid a l - T h ~ n i 125, 1 3 8 , 1 4 5
Al-Bihbahini 9 , 55, 5 6 , 8 1 , 8 3 ,
8 4 , 8 5 , 8 6 , 8 7 , 8 9 , 9 7 , 110,
1 2 0 , 1 2 4 , 130, 1 5 1 , 161, 169,
1 7 0 , 180. 189
INDEX AUTHORS 243
Dhu '1-Majdayn 75 JJasan al-JJi'iri al-Yazdi 98 Ibn Abi '1-Majd 45, 64
QiyZ' al-Din al-A'ralT 73 Jjasan b . al-Jjusim 77 Ibn al-Barrii 43. 63. 121
p i y i ' al-Din a l b C A r i q i 9 , 1 1 , 58, Basan al-TJusayni 208 Ibn Diwiid ai-villi 6'5, 7 6 , 1 0 3
9 4 , 1 2 1 , 1 4 1 , 212, 213 Basan al-Jjusayni al-Gilini 8 3 Ibn Fahd 50, 78-9, 1 0 4 , 119, 1 2 8 ,
Qiyi' al-Din al-gusayni 133 JJasan al-JJusayni al-KZshini 70 133, 1 5 2 , 1 6 2 , 163, 187
Qiyi' al-Din al-Jurjini 95 83 Ibn Fahd al-Absi'i 79
Q i y i ' al-Din al-Mareashi 84 Jjasan Isfandiyiri 73 Ibn Hamza 4 5 . - 6 5
Basan b . I s m i e i l al-Qummi 118 Ibn k i l i l 50, i 3
Jjasan al-Karaki 1 4 6 , 170 Ibn I d r i s 38. 46. 6 5 . 102
F JJasan b . M . al-Astaribidi 1 1 5 Ibn a l - ~ u t a w w i j4 9 , '73, 7 8 , 204
Basan al-Najmibidi 1 5 3 , 1 6 0 , Ibn al-Naiiir 7 3
Al-Faail al-Hindi 51, 71, 8 8 , 109, 178 Ibn Najm al- in 1 0 3
1 4 9 , 165 JJasan b . Rishid al-Villi 132 Ibn S h a h r i s h u b 45, 46, 102
A1-Fioil al-Jawid 1 1 6 , 135 Basan al-$adr 1 3 1 Ibn Tawq al-Babrini 111, 117,
A1-Fieil al-Miqdid = al-Miqdid Flasan al-Yazdi al-Mudarris 68 1 2 0 , 1 2 7 , 1 3 8 , 144, 145, 167,
Fadl Allah al-Astaribidi 104 &shim 167 1 9 6 , 208
Fakhr &Din al-Musawi 81- Hishim al-LIusayni 128 Ibn Tayy 7 9 , 172
Fakhr al-Din al-Nariqi 7 4 , 92 JJaydar 'Ali al-Shirwini 8 1 , Ibn Zuhra 8 , 46, 6 5
Fakhr &Din ai-Sabi'i 1 3 2 , 204 1 5 3 , 155, 1 6 5 , 1 6 7 , 169 Ibrihim al-Dizfiili 89
Fakhr al-Din al-Turaybi 66, 123 Hidayat Allih al-Qummi 110 IbrZhim al-Kaf'ami 159
Fakhr alkMu4aqqiqin 4 8 , 49, 7 6 , Al-Burr al-'Amili 5 , 55, 8 7 , l b r i h i m Khalifa Sultan 8 1 , 84
1 0 3 , 119, 1 5 2 , 163 156. 170. 201. 206
- Ibriihim al-Lihiji 68
F a t t i b ai-Shahidi 118, 1 7 4 , 214 Busayn b . 'Abd al-$amad 5 1 , IbrZhim b . Layth al-LIusayni 134
Al-Fay@ 5 , 1 6 , 1 8 , 5 2 , 5 5 , 86-7, 5 2 , 71, 7 5 , 106, 120, 1 2 2 , lbriihim al-Qazwini 9 , 68
1 2 8 , 148, 153, 1 8 2 , 188 133, 1 3 9 , 1 4 6 , 1 7 7 , 1 9 7 , 212 IbrZhim al-Shirszi 82
Fay@ Allah al-Tafrishi 136 JJusayn al-Ardabili 95 Ibriihim al-Warriq 114
Fays k3usayn 75 Jjusayn al-A'sam 68 'Imad al-Tabari 45, 95
FayyZQ al-Zanlini 1 5 8 , 182 Busayn b . Abi '1-Qisim 'ImZd al-Din Yiisuf 146
al-Khwinsiri 8 2 , 130 'Iniyat Allih b . Abi '1kFatb 207
Busayn 'Ali al-Muntagiri 1 1 , ' I n i y a t Allah al-Liirijini 90
G 152. 158. 215 ~ 1 - T r a w i n i1 2 1 , 1 4 1 , 171, 174
Ismi'il al-Hazirjaribi 82
GhulZm JJusayn al-Darbandi 92 Ismi'il al-Marandi 92
JJusayn al-Dimghini 1 3 5 Ismi'il al-Niiri 93
Jjusayn al-Darb Imimi 211 Isma'il al-Urmawi 75
H JJusayu al-Hamadini 75 'Izz &Din al-Amuli 186
Jjusayn b . JJaydar al-Karaki 162 'Izz &Din Babr alb'Uliim 113
I.1abib Allih al-KishZni 6 6 , 9 2 , JJusayn al-Villi 113
118 JJusayn al-Karaki 1 8 1
H i d i al-Kirminshihi 69 Husavn a l - ~ h w i n s i r i51. 8 7 , J
Hid7 al-Tihrini 1 1 , 9 3 , 1 1 2 , 118, 1;7, 158, 169
1 5 7 , 1 7 6 , 1 7 9 , 1 8 1 , 192, 208 JJusayn b . M . al-JJusayni 166 Ja'far al-JJuwayzi 8 1 , 86
Ijifig al-Kishini 172 JJusayn al-Naqawi 137 J a c k al-Khwinsiri 1 5 5
A1-Bakim 5 8 , 9 2 , 9 4 , 174 JJusayn al-Qazwini 6 7 , 7 1 , 8 2 , Ja'far al-Sabzawiri 69
Al-JJalabi 1 3 , 43, 63 1 2 8 , 1 3 0 , 141, 142 1 7 5 , 1 8 9 , Ja'far al-Subbani 12
Bimid al-Budali' 107 195 J a ' f a r Quli b . 'Abd al-'Ali 1 7 3
IIZrin al-Jazi'iri 122 Husavn Quli al-Hamadini 1 5 3 , Ja'far al-Zahdazi 67
JJasan b . 'Abd al-GhaffZr 134 . I;,, i 8 1 , 211 J a m 3 al-Din al-Khwinsiri 5 1 ,
Basan b . 'Ali al-JJusayni 100 Jjusayn al-$aymari 6 7 , 1 6 6 , 172 1 0 7 , 1 4 9 , 1 6 9 , 198
Ijasan 'Ali al-Tihrini 157 JJusayn al-Tabasi 199 Jamil al-Din al-Musawi 6 6 , 6 9 , 90
Basan 'Ali al-'l'ustari 8 5 , 147 Husavn al-Uwili 1 3 5 Jamil al-Din b . al-Najjar 73
JJasan iil Kashif al-Ghiti' 57, 9 1 , Jamil al-Din al-Natanzi 206
9 3 , 9 8 , 1 7 1 , 207, 210 Jawid al-'Amili 5 6 , 90
JJasan al-A'raji 69 Jawid al-Karaki 7 1
JJasan al-BujnGrdi 119 Jawid al-Maysi 67, 1 3 3
JJasan b . Ghiyith alkAstaribidi I Jawld al-NaiaE 8 3
134-5
Basan al-Gilini 185 Ibn Abi Jumhiir 117,119, 132, 134
 244 AN INTRODUCTION T O SHi'T LAW
K Mabmiid al-Naiafi a l - K i s h i n i 11
Kamil al-Din a l - A s t a r i b i d i 115
1 7 6 , 179, 188, 190, 193, 1 9 5 ,
203, 204, 213
K i s h i f a l - G h i t i ' 56. 91. 97. 117.
124, 1 2 7 , i z 8 , 130, i 4 2 , ' 1 6 0 , '
1 6 7 , 173
K h a l a f a l - B a h r Z n i 188
Khalaf a l - J J i i i r i 68
K h i l i d - S a y y i d M i r z i 115
K h a l i l a l - Q a z w i n i 55, 147
K h i d r a l k e A f k Z w i 77. 99
A I - ~ h u ' i 11, 58,
142, 174, 212,
Al-Khumayni 12,
1 1 9 , 125, 1 5 4 ,
A l - K h u r i s i n i 9.
L B i q i r b . M. T a q i 65
L u t f ' A l i a l - T a b r i z i 91
L u J f A l l a h a l - M a y s i 8 0 , 1 6 3 , 188
M a h d i a l - F u t i i n i 56
M a h d i al-JJakim 70
M a h d i al-KhZlisi 70, 125, 1 2 8 ,
171
M a h d i a l - N a r i q i 8 9 , 97
M a h d i a l - Q u m s h a ' i 69
M a h d i a l - T a b i i a b i ' i 87
Malpmiid a l - A s h t i y i n i 1 3 8 , 186
Mapmiid a 1 - B u r i i j i r d i 90
Mapmiid a l - H i s h i m i 1 2
Mapmiid a l - K i v i m i 158
Mabmiid a l - K h w i n s i r i 180
Mailmiid a l - K h u ' i 92
Mabmiid a l - K i r m n s h i h i 1 1 1 , 165,
Ma4miid a l - ~ h i h r i i d i 166
Mabmiid a l - S h i i l a s t i n i 139
A l - M l b i i z i 55, 71, 125, 1 2 9 , 1 3 6 ,
138, 144
Mijid a l - B a b r i n i 1 2 3
Kajid a l - J J u s a y n i a l - B a b r Z n i 1 7 5
Mijis a l - S h a y b i n i 168, 177, 178,
190, 200
Al-Majlisi 1 54, 9 6 , 1 0 7 , 164, 1 9 1
Al-Majlisi I1 5 , 5 2 , 5 4 , 9 7 , 107-8,
124, 1 3 6 , 1 3 8 , 1 4 8 , 153, 164,
1 6 9 , 1 8 7 , 1 9 1 , 1 9 6 , 198, 214
Malik M. a l - T i i n i 116
A l - M a r i g h i 117, 173
M a s h k i i r al-IJawliwi 185
M a s i p a l - T i h r Z n i 6 6 , 74, 7 8 , 82
Mas'iid a l - B i h b a h i n i 125
Al-Maysi 7 1 , 1 3 4 , 1 3 5
A1-Miqdid 1 5 , 3 8 , 49, 7 8 , 1 1 5 ,
116
.-.
M i r a k ~ 6 s ;a l - T i i n i 124
M i r F a t t i b 1 1 7 , 173
M i r L n w h i 175
M u h a d h d h a b a l - D i n al- N i l i 46,
Mu'izz a l - D i n a l - l f u s a y n i 114
Mu'izz a l - D i n al-Miisawai 8 5 ,
1 1 6 , 136, 205
Al-Mufid 7 , 34, 37-43, 62, 100-1,
114, 161, 193, 199
Muflip a l - Y a y m a r i 5 0 , 7 9 , 104,
1 5 2 , 1 7 2 , 187
M. ' A b b i s a l - L a k n a w i 8 3 , 127,
1
..8.
5 M.
M. b . ' A b d a l - K a r i m a l - B u r i i j i r d i
191
M. b . ' A b d al-WahhZb al-KZzimT
1 2 4 , 201
M . b . Abi T i l i b a l - A s t a r i b Z d i 1 3 5
M. b . A b m a d b . A b i TZlib 205
M. b . A p m a d a l - B a b r i n i 1 4 4 , 1 5 5
M. p, A b m a d b . K h w i t i i n al-
Amili 7 1
M. A m i n a l - A h 5 r i 69
MI. b . ' A l i a l - A r d a k Z n i 90
M. b . ' A l i 2 1 - A s t a r i b i d i 115
M. 'Ali a l - A s t a r i b i d i 115
M. 'A17 a l - G i l i n i 83, 140
M. b . 'A17 b . b a y d a r al-'Amili
1 1 6 , 165
M. ' A l i a l - H a z g r j a r i b i 7 4 , 8 2 ,
192
M. ' A l i a l - K l z i m i 11
M. ' A l i a l - K h u s r a w s h i h i 179
M . ' A l i a l - K h w i n s Z r i 174
INDEX OF A U T H O R S 245
2 M. b . ' A l i b . KhwZtiin al-'Amili M. a a s a n a l - B a r a g h i n i 72
---
9 6 , 133 M. IJasan a l - B i r f u r i i s h i 8 3
1M. ' A l i a l - M a r ' a s h i 180 M. JJasan a l - H a r a w i 88
M. l j a s a n a l - K h u r i s Z n i 110
M. 'Ali a l - M a s j i d s h i h i 178
M. ' A l i al-MZzandarZni 68 M. JJasan al-NTamaqini 9 4 , 174
M. h . ' A l i b . Mu'min 66 M. l j a s a n b . M. T a q i 211
M. ' A l i a l - N i i r i 72 M. JJasan al-Mugaffar 74
M. a a s a n a l - N i i r b a k h s h i 110
M. ' A l i a l - Q a r i c h a d i g h i 8 3
M. ' A l i a l - ~ a d a w i 70; 8 2 , 209 M. JJasan a l - Q a z w i n i 88
M. b . 'Ali a l - R a d a w i 78 M. JJasan al-Qummi 123
M. f i a s a n a l - S h i r i z i 5 7 , 118
M. ' A l i a l - S h a f t i 6 9 , 7 8 , 1 4 2 , 197
M. ' A l i a l - S i r k i n i 64 M. b . L*asan a l - T a b r i z i 1 3 1
M. 'Ali a l - T a b r i z i a l - M u d a r r i s M. Hiishim a l - K h u r Z s i n i 1 4 0 ,
."
75 1 7 3 , 1 8 0 , 193, 208
M. ' A l i a l - T a w h i d i 174 M. IIZshim a l - K h w i n s i r i 1 3 0 , 160
M. ' A l i a l - ~ a z d i 99 M. H i s h i m a l - T a s i i j i 70
M. ' A l i al-YiizbZshi 112 M. al-IJujja a l - K i i h k a m a r i 178
M. J J u s a y n i i l K i s h i f al-Ghifa'
113
M. a t - A ' r a j i 69 M. U u s a y n a l k e A r a b al-DZmid 70
M. I j u s a y n a l - B a s t i m i 133
M. A s h r a f a l - l j u s a y n i 153, 197
M. a l - A s h r a f i 100 M. a l - k l u s a y n i 136
M. b . 'Ashiir a l - K i r m i n s h i h i 6 9 , M. a l - H u s a y n i al-LZhiji 108
151. 1 8 7 . 1 9 4 , 208 M. a l - l j u s a y n i al-Qummi 110
M. b . ahr ram 76 M. f i u s a y n a l - l p f a h i n i 9 , 1 1 , 58,
M. B i q i r a l - B i r j a n d i 1 9 4 , 196 1 7 4 , 182
M. BZqir a l - G u l p Z y i g i n i 6 9 , 8 2 , M. J J u s a y n al-Kigimi 69-70
YY(
"" M. I J u s a y n a l - K h w i n s Z r i 7 5 , 118,
B Z q i r al-KazzZzi 168 1 2 6 , 1 4 3 , 1 5 4 , 159, 166, 1 6 7 ,
B i q i r a l - K h w i n s i r i 203 1 8 1 , 1 8 5 , 214
BZqir a l - K h w i t u n i b i d i M. B u s a y n a l - K h w i t i i n l b Z d i 97,
B i q i r al-LZhiji 9 1 ---
17.Q
B i q i r al-Maraghi 69 M. f i u s a y n al-Qumsha': 83, 93
M. b . J J u s a y n a l - R a o a w i 66
M. f i u s a y n a l - R a d a w i 6 9 , 74, 78
B i q i r al-Miisawi 177
B i a i r al-Sadr 12 M. l j u s a y n al-Ragawi a l - K i s h i n i
70
B Z q l r a l - S h a r i f al-QummT 8 8
M. B i q i r al-Tabitabi'i a l - Y a z d i M. J J u s a y n a l - S h a h r a s t Z n i 70
-, --
77 7n7 M. B u s a y n a l - T a b i b a l - T l h r Z n i 69
M. B i u l r a l - T a b r i z i 160 M. i b r i h i m al-IJZ'lri a l - Q a z w i n i
,--
M. ~ Z q i ar l - Y a z d i 69 77
M. Figil a l - M a s h h a d i 1 9 1 M. I b r i h i m a l - H. u s a v" n i a l - Q a z w i n i
M. al-FiriiaZbZdi 1 4 1 8 1 , 8 4 , 1 1 5 , 213
M. a l - F i s h Z r a k i 153 M. I b r i h i m a l - K a l b i s i 8 6 , 93, 99
M.
M.
H Z d i a l - A s t a r Z b i d i 213
HidT a l - I J u s a y n i 132
M.
M.
I b r i h i m al-KZvimi 177
I b r i h i m a l - K h a r a q i n i 68
M. H i d i a l - M H z a n d a r i n i 7 4 , 142, M. I b r Z h i m al-Miisawi 111
161, 191 M. I b r i h i m al-QishlZqi 66, 8 3
M. H Z d i a l - M i l i n i 158 M. I b r i h i m a l - R a s h t i 183
M. H i d i a l - S a b z a w Z r i 175 I s p i q a l F F a y y Z 0 11
M. HZdi al-Khu'i 71 I s m i ' i l a l - F a d i ' i 7 5 , 135
M. a l - H a r a w i 210 I s m i ' i l a l - K h w i t i i n i b i d i 148
M. al-JJarfiishi 117 b . IsmZ'il al-MZzandarZni 98
M. b . JJirith a l - A s t a r i b i d i 121 J a ' f a r a l - X b Z d a ' i 8 3 , 99
M. b . H i r i t h a l - B a b r i n i 135, 199 Ja'far a l - A r d a s t i n i 151
M. JJasan A d i b 62 J a ' f a r al-AstarZbidi 74, 75,
M. b . H a s a n al-'Amili 8 1 , 1 3 6 ,
168
246 A N INTRODUC N TO SHi'T LAW INDEX AUTHORS 247
M . Ja'far al-FarShi 88 M. al-Muwabbidi 138 Muntajab al-Din al-Rizi 154
M . Ja'far al-Hamadini 82, 84, M. al-Ni'ini 82 Murid al-Tafrishi 125
86 M. al-Naraqi 151 Al-Murtabi 7. 34. 41-3. 45. 46.
.
M . Ja'far al-Hussyni ~
al-KishZni M.
M.
Na$ir al-Birfuriishi 142, 152
b . NagsZr al-guwayzi 133
171, 208
M . J a e f a r al-guwayzi 188 M. b . Niqim al-Din al-AstarZbZdi M. %ir al-RZnakii'i 69
M . Ja'far al-~alb%3i 72 --"
133
M. Taqi al-iimuli 94, 138, 174 MurtaGZ al-khusrawshihi 179
M . Ja'far al-Khabiishzni 107 M . b . QZsim 147 M. Taqi al-ArdakZni 168, 181 Murtadi al-Sirawi 146
M . Ja'far al-Kirnlinshihi 75, M . b . Qisim al-Igfahini 81 M. Taqi al-Astaribidi 67, 107 M u r t a i i al-Sidihi 83
87, 111 M . QZsim al-Mizandarini 165 M. T a a i al-BarehZni 68 Miisi A1 Kishif al-Ghiti' 82. 123
M . J a ' f a r b . M . T i h i r 83 M . ~ i s i mal-SZwiji 205 M. ~ a i ail - ~ u r t u j i r d i 11 MiisZ b . Fadl AllZh al-.Hamadin?
M . Ja'far al-SabbawZri 133, 144, M . Quli al-Kantiiri 210 M. T a a i al-Harawi 83.. 92.. 99.. 69, 175
lfil
A"A M . al-Radawi al-Tiisi 69 130; 171, 196 M i i s i al-Khwinsiri 174
M. Ja'far al-Sharastini 176 M. Rafi' b . Faraj al-Gilini 82, M. T a a i al-Isfahini al-Mudarris Miisi al-Kirminshihi 75
M . J a ' f a r al-ShirZzi 142 115, 150 118- Mustafa al-Khu'i 68
M . Ja'far al-Tihrini 185, 202 M . Rafi' al-Gilini al-Igfahini 84 M. Taqi al-Kashini 169
M . Rauirn al-Buriijirdi 70, 74, M. T a a i al-Kishmiri 148
159, 178 M. ~ a i al-Khishti
i 66
M . Rapim al-Sabzawiri 161 M. T a a i al-Masiidshihi 202
M . Rasiil b. 'Abd alb0Aziz 178
M . Rasiil a l - K i s h i n i 176 9, 124
M . Rid: XI Bapr al-'Uliim 77, 82 M . Taqi Mu15 KitZb 177
M . Rid$ al-Astaribidi 87, 130 M . Taqi al-Naqawi 200, 207 Nagir &Din al-NarZqi 82-3
M . R i d i b . 'Ali Sharif al- M . Taoi al-Niiri 160. 162. 192 Nagir al-Din a1-Tiisi 204
199: 207, 209 Nagr Algh al-Astaribidi 71, 154
M . T a a i al-QZ'ini 149 Naqar 'Ali al-Tiliqini 176, 212,
214
-- -

Ni'rnat AllZh b . ' ~ b dA I ~ Z

68~
M . Mahdi >l-Gilini 68 M. ~ a i al-Tabasi
i 71 Ni'mat Allih al-Jazi'iri 55, 123,
M . Mahdi al-gusayni al-Mashhadi M. Taqi al-Tabrizi 193 -"-
7nl
72, 86, 180, 188 M. Taqi al-TZliqini 68 Nizim &Din al-Siwiji 96
M . Mahdi al-Kalbisi 72, 78, 93, M. R ~ G Za l - ~ h f r i z i66 M. Taqi al-Tunukibuni 211 Niir AllZh al-Tustari 84, 125, 141,
111 M. Ridi al-Tabrizi 71 M. al-TunukZbuni 72 146
M . Mahdi al-Khwinsiri 132 M. a]-kupafzi'i 151 M. a l - T u r k i b i d i 110 Niir al-Din al-Akhbiri 86
M . Mahdi al-KujTiri 69 M. s i d i q 82 M. al-TEsi al-Mashhadi 90
M . Mahdi al-MapallZti 99 M. Sidiq al-gilli al-ShirZzi 1 4 4 M. Yabyi al-SZwiji 140
M . Mahdi al-Miisawi 82 M. Sidiq al-Kishmiri 67 M. YGsuf al-Astaribidi 129
M . Mahdi al-Qazwini 69 M. Sidia b . Muhammad 67 M. Yiisuf al-GilZni 133
M . Mahdi al-Ragawi 135 M. 8Zdiq a l - ~ i i c i n i75 M . YCsuf al-LZhiji 86
M . al-Maaibi 89 M. Sidia al-SirkZni 104. 139. 183 Al-Mubaqqiq 8, 14, 18, 23, 47,
M. ~ a ' i c i 85 48, 64, 65-70, 102, 139
M. Sa'id al-QuhuZ'i 115. 202 Mubsin al-Amin 75, 186, 194
M. b . ka'siim al-Radawi 77 M. s i l i b a l - A i t a i i b i d i 67, 86,207 Mubsin al-A'raji 86, 89, 91, 151 &aw%m.al-~inal-Qazwini 67
M. b . M . b . 'Abd Allih 73 M. QZlip al-BaraghZni 71, 72 Muusin al-Ardabili 158 Querry, A. 67
M. b . M . 'Ali al-Kishini 66 M. Silih al-DimZd 83. 92 Mubsin al-A'sam 68
M. b . M . Kizim al-Khurisini 8iliIj a l - F a r i h i n i 65 MuQsin al-Khanfar 174, 202
182, 2 1 1 s i l i b al-Khalkhili 82, 140 MuQsin al-Rashti 127, 207
M. b . M . Ma'giim al-Mashhadi 86 s i l i p al-KhwitiinibZdi 142, Al-Mujihid 9, 57, 87, 92, 98,
M . b . M . Muhsin al-Kishini 86 161, 197 111. 210
s i l i b al-Simnini 184, 186 A I - ~ u j t a h i d120, 128, 131, 139,
Sarwar al-BihsCidi 11-12 146, 168, 200, 212
Shail' al-Irawini 207 Mu'in al-Din al-Migri 46, 126,
156, 187 Shafi' al-FEmani 124 203
M . Mubsin al-KishZni 86 Shafi' al-Mizandarini 181, Al-Mukhtiri 77, 127, 138, 138,
M . Mu'min al-gusayni 143 196 145, 172, 178, 198, 206
M . Muaim al-BZrfurtishi 82 Shafic b . M . Husavn 77 Mull: Mu'min 131
a l - ~ h a h s h a h i i ig i Mu'min al-Ardabili 71 Radi al-Din b . M . Nabi al-Qazwini
T i h i Najaf 93, 125, 209 Munir al-Din al-Buriijirdi 121 120, 198
248 AN INTRODUCTION

R a a i al-Din M . b . gasan al- TITLES

Qazwini 1 6 2
Raf'i' al-Din al-NZ'ini 72, 84,
96, 107 Allih 108, 110
Ripat g u s a y n al-Giipalpiiri 159,190
Al-Rashti 57,125,156,157,174,182,
- ~

Shams al-Din al-Astaribidi 128 AlbeLbidiyya 135

184,185,202,203,208,211
Al-Riwandi 45, 46, 102, 115
Riga al-HamadZni 57, 94, 174
Ridi al-Lutfi 121
Ridi al-Tabrizi 69
R<Q Allih al-gifiv 205
Al-Sabzawiri 52, 81, 85, 9 6 ,
117. 1 4 7 . 164, 175
"", &u-
Sadr al-Din M . al-Radawi al-
K i s h i n i 155
Sadr al-Din al-Tabitabi'i
Qibib a l - ~ i ; i g 56, 17, 87, 91,
98, 110, 165, 167
Al-Sahrashti 45, 64
Sallir b . 'Abd al-'Aziz 14, 43,
63
Al-Samihiji 55, 97, 108 9, 149
Al-SsrZb 115, 142, 148-9, 161,
198
Al-Sayyid 'Amid al-Din 48, 76,
204
S h i d h i n b . Jibri'il 139
Al-Shafti 56, 99, 111, 130, 137,
165, 170, 181, 183, 184, 189,
196,203
S h i h TZhir al-Dskani 135
Al-Shahid al-Awwal 8, 14, 15,
Shams al-Din M . MitqZlbZf 105 Abwib al-jinin, 148
Sharaf al-Din 'Ali al-Astarabadi s d i b al-galit 136
135 AdZb-i saniyya 197
Al-Sharif al-gusayni 188 Adxi al-tijZra 97
S h i r i b al--Wafiya 56, 89, 125 Adillat al-rashid 93
Al-Shaykh 4, 7, 18, 23, 44-8, 63, Af'il-i pajj 164
102, 121, 122, 200, 203 Ahkim 'aqd al-nikib 187
Shaykh al-Shari'a 131, 180, 209
ApkZm al-amwit 128
Al-Shirwini 67, 74, 107, 128, Abkim al-'idlala alkeAlawiyya
153, 199, 208 AbkZm al-bajj 165
Shubbar b . M . al-Najafi 127, 155, Abkim al--jani'iz 128
162 Ahklam al-iizva 169
Shukr Allah al-JJusayni 127 Aikim al-khalal 154
Sultan M . al-KishZni 133 AbkXm alkmukhilifin 170
Sultan alk'Ulami' 8 , 107, 164 Abkim-i nijXsit 129
Abklam al-nisZ' 114
AQkim galit al-jum'a 151
Abkim-i gayd wa dhabz'ib 199
Abkim-i shakk wa sahw 153
T i h i r al-JJusayni al-Dakani 135 Abkim-i gulh 181
Al-Tuwalini 134 AbkZm al-taw%€ 166
A4kim alFiumra 167
Abkim al-'uqiid 174
Abkim-i yamin 198
Al-Abmadi 36
Yabyi b . Sa'id 18, 41, 70, 102 Ajwad al-taqririt 11
Ya'qiib al-Birfuriishi 124 Ajwibat al-masla'il 107, 109, 110,
Al-Yazdi 58. 94, 100, 112, 154, 112
174, 186 Ajwibat al-masi'il al-fiqhiyya
Yiisuf al-Gilini 70 103, 104, 107, 109
Yiisuf al-TabrTzT 214 Ajwibat masa'il al-JJussyn b .
Rabi'a al-Madani 105
Ajwibat masi'il Ibn Farruj 105
Ajwibat masa'il Ibn Zuhra 103
Ajwibat masa'il mawlini YCisuf
zahir al-Din al-Nil? 76 al-Mizandarini 104
Zayn albeAbidin a l - T a b a f a b i ' i 68 Ajwibat masi'il al-mawli Majd
Zayn alkCAbidin al-gusayni 96 al-Din 107
Zayn al-'Abidin al-Lirijini 142 Ajwibat al-masi'il al-Miizibiyya
Zavn
" alb'zbidin
- .. al-Sabzawiri 105
192, 20_: Ajwibat masla'il al-Miqdid 104
Zavn al-'Abidin al-Tabrizi 129 Ajwibat masi'il M . b . Juwaybar
~ayn alb'xbidin al-Tabitaba'i 106
68 Ajwibat masi'il M . b . Mujihid
Zayn al-Din al-gilli 103 104
Ajwibat al-masi'il al-
muhanni'iyya 103
Ajwibat al-masi'il al-Najafiyya
105
Ajwibat al-masa'il al-Qaymariyya
104
Ajwibat masi'il al-sayyid 'Abd
..
Ajwibat masi'il al-sayyid g u s a y n
.111
Ajwibat masi'il al-sayyid Sharaf
al-Din al-SamZki 105
Ajwibat masi'il al-sayyid Yabyi
---
1118
Ajwibat al-masa'il al-Shimiyya 105
Ajwibat masi'il al-shaykh 'Abd
Allih 108
Aiwibat masi'il al-shavkh
,~ - - -'A17
---
' al-Baprini 1 0 8
Ajwibat rnasi'il al-shaykh T i h i r
nfi
I.
. .
Aiwibat masi'il al-shavkh M
al-Darizi 111
Ajwibat masi'il al-shaykh NZgir
al-Khaffi 108
Ajwibat masZ'il al-shaykh QZliQ
al-Jazi'iri 106
Ajwibat masi'il al-shaykh Sulaymin
108
Ajwibat masi'il Shukr b . Warndin
105
Ajwibat al-masi'il al-thalith 109,
...
111
Ajwibat masi'il waradat . . .
'an al-sida al-'ulama' 104
A1-A'lim al-jaliyya 133
61-Alfiyya 132
Amal al-yawm wa 'I-layla 122
Al-Amr by '1-ma'ruf 170
A l ' Aniwin 117
Anis al-Tawwibin 172
Anis al-tujjir 97
Al-Anwar alh'aliyya 132
Al-Anwar al-bahiyya 122
AnwZr al-diriya 88
Anwir al-faqiha 93
Al-Anwir al-Gharawiyya 78
Al-Anwar al-giriyya 109
Al-Anwir al-jaliyya 109
Al-Anwir al-lawamis 87
Al-Anwir al-qamariyya 136
Al-Anwir al-Radawiyya 66
Anwar a l - r i y i a 91
'Aqd al-Bisi' 114
Al-Aqtib al-fiqhiyya 1 1 7
Arba' masi'il fiqhiyya 104
Agilat al-luziim 1 7 1
AlkCAsharaal-kimila 205
Al-Ashie'a al-badriyya 135
'Awi'id al-ayyim 117
Alb'Awig 100
Awqit-i namiz 138
 AN INTRODUCTION TO SHi'f LAW
Awqit al-galZt 138
Awthaq al-wasZ'il 9 1
Ayidi sabZ 107
61-Aya al-mubgira 75
AyZt al-abkim 115, 116
Ayit al-jihad 168
Al-'Ayn 178
B Al-Durra al-Najafiyya 1 1 0
Bib-i jinin 1 4 4
Al-Badr al-zZhir 152, 1 5 6
Babr al-fawi'id 11
Al-Babr al-zZkhir 1 2 5
Babr al-baqi'iq 68
Babr al-jawihir 93
Al-BaQr al-limie 66
Al-Bayin 76
Bayin al-baqq 184
Al-Bayyinit 204
Bidiyat al-bidiya 87
Bughyat al-raghibin 152
Bughyat al-tilib 97, 1 7 4
Bubiith fiqhiyya 113
Al-Bulgha 1 4 6
Bulghat al-faqih 112
Bulghat al-tilib 174
Burhin al-ashrif 1 8 4
Al-Burhin al-qiti' 66
Burhin al-sadid 7 1
B u s h r i al-mubaqqiqin 47
Dali'il al-apkim 68, 69, 74
Dalil al-nisik 166
Daqi'iq al-afiim 69
QawZbit al-khams 153
Dawibit al-riai' 190
A1-Dhahabiyya 1 4 1
Al-Dhahab al-masbiik 1 4 1
DhakhZ'ir al-imima 158
Dhakhi'ir al-nubuwwa 1 7 9
Dhakhi'ir al- 'uqbii 8 5
Al-Dhakllira al-abadiyya 109
Al-Dhakhira al-biqiya 1 0 9
Dhakhirat al-badi'i' 68
Dhakhirat al-ma'Zd 72, 85
Dhakhirat al-jazi' 85
A1-Dhari 'if 68
Dharii 'i' al-ablim 94
Dharii'i' al-anim 70
Dhikri al-Shi'a 76
DhikrZ dhawi '1-nuhi 1 3 1
Al-Dhukhr al-limi' 86
Al-Qiyii' al-limi' 66
INDEX OF TITLES
QiyZ' alk'uqiil 194 FawZ'id al-Shari'i' 79 g i w i al-marim 69
Droit Musulman 67 Fawii'id al-ugiil 11 Al-Uaydariyya 135
Durar al-fawi'id 11 Fiqh al-Qur'Zn 115 Al-HidZya 62, 1 3 4
Al-Durar al-ghawili 1 2 1 Fiah al-Sidia 7 5 HidZyat al-abkim 88
Al-Durar al-manziima 7 2 Hidiyat al-akhyir 99
Durar al-niqid 7 1 HidZyat al-a'lZm 86
Al-Durra 89 Al-Fitra ai-mal,?kiitiyya 1 2 2 Hidiyat al-anim 69, 159
Al-Durra al-durriyya 204 Al-Fugiil al-khamsa 202 HidZyat al-ikhwin 107
Al-Durra al-gi'iriyya 6 9 , 78 Fugiig firGzajZt khafiyya 9D Al-Hidiya a-Mahdiyya 77
Hidiyat al-sZ'il 108
Al-Durra al-gafiyya 132 Hidiyat al-Shi'a 92
Durrat al-asrak 2 0 1 Hidiyat al-girit 149
Durrat al-durravn 1 9 2 Hidiyat al-falib 174
Al-Durr al-manifid 1 7 2 , 173 Al-Ghiliya 1 3 1 Hidiyat al-tilibin 84, 100
Al-Duriis 76 Ghani'im al-ayyim 92 HidZyat al-umma 88
Duriis fi fiqh al-Shi'a 1 2 5 Ghanimat al-ma'id 7 1 Bisin al-yawiqit 1 3 8
Duriis 5 'ilm al-ugiil 12 Ghiyat al-imZl 174 Al-Ejiyal al-shar'iyya 180
Ghivat al-iiiz 1 3 3 Al-Huiia 147
/ ~ h i y a tal-lirhtly~r 189
GhZvat al-marim 7 9
gu<m al-bikim 1 6 1
Hukm-i mili-i Nisibi 1 6 9
~ h i y a al-murZd
t 77, 167 i1ukm muliqi al-najis 129
Fi'ida fi burmat galit al-jum'a Ghiyat al-su'iil 194 gukm al-musifara 1 6 3
150 Al-Gharawiyya 135 Uukm ru'yat al-hilil 1 6 1
Fii'ida fi burmat simii' gawt al- Ghunyat al-nuzii' 65 gukm taklif al-kZfir 169
mar'a 1 8 6 Ghurar al-majimi' 66 Ejukm al-talZq 183, 1 9 5
Fi'ida fi jawiz bay' al-shart 1 7 9 Al-Ghurra 9 0 fiurmat al-mashihid 167
FZ'ida fi 'I-mawirith 207 Al-Ghurra al-Gharawiyya 78 Burmat galit al-jum'a 1 5 0
Fi'ida fi '1-mut'a 1 9 3 Al-Ghurra al-ganafiyya 90
Fi'ida fT talia al-wali 195
Al-~dhZlik'9 0 '
Al-Fakhrivva 119
A l - F Z k i h a " ~ l - ~ Z ~ i m1i0~8 ~ a Al-IbZna al-mardiyya 82, 140
Al-Fakhriyya 123 gadd al-masZfa 155 Ibinat al-mukhtZr 209
AI-Fari'ig 204, 206 A1-HZdi ila '1-rashid 7 1 Ibtirrhi' al-fadila 1 7 5
Al-Fari'id al-Bahi'iyya 205 Al-gab1 al-matin 85
A1-Fari'ia al-Nagiriyya 204 A1-HadZ'iq al-nZQira 89
Fari'id al-ugiil 11 HZdi al-murJillin 1 3 5
Fari'id-i. vawmivva
" " " 132 Al-gadiqa al-Najafiyya 83
Al-Farq bayn al-fariaa wa '1- Hadiaat al-muttaain 91. 96
nifila 1 2 1 $adi&t a l - ~ a w $ L 8 3
Al-Farq bayn al-taliq al-raj'i wa Hadiyyat al-ikhwin 1 2 3
'1-bi'in 1 9 5 Hadiyyat al-mu'minin 1 2 3 Idriik al-rak'a 138
Fara-i mivZn mard wa zan 1 1 4 Al-JJajj wa '1-'umra 164 Al-Ifada al-iimilivva 120
~ 1 - & g i h kl-munhij 4 7 pall alb'asir 130 Ifadat a l - ~ a d i r ifi
Fagl al-khitZb 1 2 9 gall 'ibira mu'aala 74 AlkI4tiyitiit al-fiqhiyya
Fagl al-khitib al-Ibr3himiyya 8 2 !$all shakk 1 6 9 ~ l - T j i z203
Al-'ljsla al-miijaza 1 6 5
Fatiwi 1 0 5 !$all al-'uqiid 108
Al-Fatiwi al-Uusayniyya 97 Al-IJaqi'iq 69 I'lim al-abibba 1 7 5
Fatb al-mafati0 86 JJaqq al-qadZ' 1 1 2 Al-I'lim 1 0 1
FaltZb al-majimi' 90 Al-JJaqq al-gurZb 187 Imitat al-1ithZm 116
Al-FawZ'id 68, 112 Al-gi'iriyya 1 4 1 lmli' E wagf din al-Imimiyya
Al-Fawi'id al-'illiyya 122, 1 3 5 Al-ljishiya 'ali k . al-fari'id 204, -Inirat al-turiis 77, 198
Fawi'id ii galst al-musifir 1 5 5 206 Inas sulfan al-mu'minin 116
Al-Fawi'id al-Gharawiyya 136 Ijishiya 'ali Risilat al-taliq 1 9 6 Al-'InZya al-Ilihiyya 9 0
FawZ'id al-marim 67 Ijishiya 'ali risilat al-Tiini 149 A1-Ingif 93
Fawi'id mutafarriqa 1 0 5 Ijishiyat al-IrshZd 76 Al-Intigir 63
Fawi'id al-Qawi'id 8 0 al-Uishiya al-raaiyya 83 -Iqimat al-budiid 1 7 0
A1-Fawi'id al-sariyya 1 3 6 Uishiyat al-Shari'i' 80 IqZg al-nz'imin 175
252 A N INTRODUC TION TO SHT'I LAW
'Iqd fi '1-'ilm al-ijmZli 121
'Iqd fiilzim ghayr al-Imimi 170
Al-'lqd al-gusayni 120
'Iqd al-jawihir 103
'Iqd al-1a'Zli 121
A1-IqtizZd 71, 1 2 1
Al-lqtigid wa '1-irshZd 1 2 2
IrshZd al-adhhZn 71
I r s h i d al-mustarshidin 99
Irshzd al-gilibin 137
I r s h i d al-sZlik 165
A1-Irtimis fi '1-gawm 162
Igibat al-paqq 181
Isba4 al-Shi'a 64
I s h i r i t al-fiqh 82
IshZrat al-sabq 64
Al-IshrZf 62
Ishtirat gibbat al-gawm 162
IglZb alk'amal 98
Al-Istanbuliyya 123
Istibbiib al-tayzsur 139
Ishiqgi' al-naqar 89
I t h b i t al-siyida 158, 159
Al-lthni'ashariyya 107, 136, 206
Al-Ithni'ashariyyZt 122
A1-ICtikifiyya 163
IzZhat al-'illa 139
1zil;at a l - i ~ t i b i i142
Izihat al-shukiik 141. 142. 197
lziiiat al-waswasa 167
I q h i r ma 'indi 165
AIFeIzziyya 102
A1-Jacfariyya 134
&' al-baqq 148
J a l i ' al-shubahZt 151
Jam'a 146
&mi'-i 'Abbisi 96
J-ami' al-apkZm 69
&mi' al-aawil 92
&mi' al-fatvZ'id 73, 85, 116
&mio-i J a ' f a r i 6 7
J-ami'-i Radawi 67
Jimi' al-iawimi- 66, 69
Al-&mi' "a-kabir 9 i
&mio al-kalim 141
Gmi' al-khilif 70
&mi' al-rnadZrik 94
Jimi' al-maqigid 80
&mic al-shari'i' 70
&mi' al-shatzt 110
Jannat al-khuld 99
JawZb5t al-masi'il al-Mawgiliyya
101
JawibZt masi'ii
INDEX OF TITLES
Mayyifariqin 101
JawZbit al-masa'il al-RZziyyit
in1
JawibZt masi'it al-sharif al- Al-Kafaf 163
Rassi 101 A1-KZfi 63
."
J a w i b i t al-masi'il al-TabbZnivvit Kanz al-durar al-aytim 77
101 Kanz al-fawZ'id 71, 76
JawibZt al-masi'il Kanz alk'irfan 115
al-Taribulusiyyit 101 Kanz al-Shi'a 143
Al-JawZb bi '1-gawib 200 KZriziyya 203
Jawab-i masi'il-i K h u r i s i n 107 Kashf al-astir 199, 169
JawZb-i masi'il-i m i r z i sayyid Kashf al-awhim 162
'Ali 107 Kashf al-diriya 88
JawZb-i masZ'il-i Shah ' A b b i s Kashf al-fawi'id 73
106 Kashf al-ghit:' 91
JawZb mas'ala 'an al-Qabwa 208 Kashf al-baqi'iq .I6
Jawihir al-fiqh 63 Kashf al-ibhZm 68, 69
Jawihir al-Qaqi'iq 116, 204 Kashf al-iltibis 79, 127
JawZhir al-kalim 93 Kashf al-lithim 88
Jawihir al-kalimZt 172 Kashf al-madirik 84
Jawihir al-masi'il 99 Kashf al-matlCib 142
Jawimi' al-kalim 74 Kashf al-niqib 78
JawZmi' al-rasi'il 110 Kashf al-qinZC 68, 70, 192
JawRz i b d i ' al-safar 162 Kashf al-rayb 128
Jaw%-i musfirat-i pZdishih 169 Kashf al-rayba 151
Al-Jihidiyya 167, 168 Kashf al-rayn 151
Jumal al-'ilm wa 'lk'amal 1 2 1 Kashf al-rumuz 70
Al-Jumal wa '1-'uqiid 63 Kashf al-rumiiz al-khafiyya
Al-Jumina al-bahiyya 132 81
JumZn al-silk 171 Kashf al-qalam 68
Al-Kawikib al-durriyya 135
Khidimiyya 180
Al-Khalal fi '1-galst 152, 153,
154
Al-Kharijiyya 177
Khagi'ig al-a'lim 68
Khayr alh'amal 143
Khazi'in al-abkim 76, 90
Al-Khilif 64
KhilZfiyya 96
Khuligat al-abQith 206
Khuligal al-bayin 200
KhulZgat al-i'tibir 163
Khuligat al-tanqip 79
Kifayat al-abkim 85
Kifayat al-mubaggilin 75
Kifayat al-muhtadi 134
KifZyat al-mubtij 163
Kifayat al-talibin 78
Kifayal al-ugiil 11
KitZbat b a r kafan 129
Al-Kurriyya 125
Al-La'Zli al-zawihir 110
Lama'it 82
253
A l - ~ a m a ' i t al-nayyira 9 4
A I - ~ a w i m i ' 82, 104
~ a w i r n i ' al-abkim 89
~awZrni' al-nikit 1 1 2
Lu'lu' al-abkim 7 7
A1-Lu 'lu' al-masiur 126
Lum'a 146, 151, 186
A1-Lum'a al-Dimashqiyya 77
A l - ~ u m ' a al-jaliyya 108
Ma'ilim al-din 79, 84
Ma'A~ii a f ' i l al-salit 135
Mn'arif a l - a b k i i 70
Ma'Zrij al-apkZm 67
Ma'irij al-su'lll 115
Ma'Zrij al-tabqiq 123
MabZni Takmilat al-MinhZj 212,
715
- A -
Mabiazh al-nazar 156. 196. 197
Al-MaGsiit 64 '
MadZrik al-ahkim 69, 84
Madinat a l - a i b i t h 207
Ma'din alk'irfan 114
Mafatih al-ahkim 115
Mafatic a l - s i a r i ' i e 86
M i ' al-bayit 163
Mi'ida-yi sarniwiyya 200
Maiiri al-ahkim 88
Maima' al-bayin 7 1
Majma' al-fz'ida wa '1-burhZn 83
Majma' al-ghari'ib 78
Majma' al-masZ'il 66
Majma' al-rashid 207
MaEtib al-shari'i' 52
Majmu'at al-ifZdZt 105
Al-Makisib 174
A1 -MakZsib al-mubarrama 175
MakhZzin al-aQkim 69
Makhzan al-asrZr al-fiqhiyya 82
Makhzan al-la'ili 121
Al-Manzfi' 66
Ma'ni qawl alFeAllZma 73
Manihij al-abkim 68, 74, 92, 117,
210
Al-Manihij al-sawiyya 88
ManZhij al-tadqiq 137
Al-Manihil 92
ManXsik al-bajj 99, 163-6
Manhaj al-ijtihid 68
Manhaj al-rashid 72
Manhaj al-sadad 7 1
IManhaj al-salZma 159
Manhaj al-tabqiq 154
 254 AN INTRODUCT'ION TO S ~ f L~
Mandiib al-sawm lfi2
Maqibis ai-anwir 92
MaaZla fi 'I-hath 'ali salZt al-
jum'a 145'
Maqila fi '1-'idila 214
MaqZla fi galit al-jum'a 150
Maqila fi '1-taliq 196
Maqila fi wujiih al-Babth 'an
galit al-jum'a 146
Al-Maqilit al-Ghariyya 11
Maqilit al-ugiil 11
Al-Maqilid al-Ja'fariyya 117
Maqilid al-qugiid 172
Maqimit al-sZlikin 175
Maclimi' al-fad1 110
Maqgad al-falib 174
Al-Marisim 63
Al-Marghiib 68
Al-Magibip 87, 90
Magibip al-aQkZm 90
Magibip al-asrir 133
Magibip al-hidZya 88
Al-MagihTp al-IawZmi' 86
Magibil~al- quliib 97
Magibib al-galim 87, 89
Masii'il 102,107
Al-Masi'il al-akhbiriyya 89
Al-Masi'il a l - A m u ~ i y ~103
a Mulakhkhag al-maqZl 184
Al-Masi'il al-araba'iin
Masi'il b a ' i al-f;$ali' 103
A1-Masi'il al-Baghdidiyya 102,
112
Al-MasZ'il al-Bapriyya 104
Al-Masi'il al-Bagriyya 112
A1-MasZ'il al-Bihbahiniya 108,
110
Masi'i2 fi ab'id al-fiqh 1 0 2
Al-Masi'il al-fiqhiyya 79, 103,
106
Al-Masi'il al-gi'iriyyit 1 0 2
Al-MasZ'ik al-Hindiyya 108
Al-Masi'il al-gusayniyya 108
Masi'il Ibn Najm 103
Masi'il-i wagiyZ 185
Al-Masi'il al-Kamiliyya 102
Al-Masi'il al-KZzirCniyyZt 108
Al-Masi'il al-hkamsa 137
Al-Masi'il al-Khu'iyya 1 1 2
Al-Masi'il al-KhwZriyyit 1 0 2
Al-Masi'il al-Madaniyyit 106
Al-Masi'il al-Magihiriyya 103
Al-Masii'il al-Migriyya 64, 102
Al-Masi'il al-Mubammadiyya 109
Masi'il mutafarriqa 96, 102
AWf
Al-Masi'il al-NX~iriyyit, 63, 103,
109
Al-Masi'il al-Naysibiiriyya 101
Al-Masi'il al-NiliyyZt 101
Al-Masi'il al-RamliyyZt 101
Al-Masi'il al-Rashtiyya 185
Al-Masi'il al-Rassiyyiit 101
Masi'il al-ridZ' 191
MasZ'il al-shaykh Abi Ja'far
al-Tiisi 1 0 1
Masi'il al-shaykh zahir al-Din
b . al-Ijusim 104
Al-Masi'il al-Shimiyya 1 0 4
Al-Masi'il al-Tabariyya 1 0 2
Masi'il tazZpum al-buqiiq 212
Masi'il al-tilmidh 105
Al-Masi'il al-WasitiyyZt 1 0 1
Mas'wla fi 'I-'amal ma' al-sulfan
176
A1-Mas'tila al-nifiea 204
Mas'alat al-shaykh 'Abd Allih
109
Mas'wlatZn 106. 185
Al-Masilik 136
Masilik al-afhim 81. 116
Al-Masilik a~-Jiimi'i$~a132
Maslak al-rishidin 72
MashSriq al-aQkim 118
MashZriq al-anwir 66
MashSriq al-muhtadin 88
MashZriq al-shumiis 87
Mashriq al-shamsayn 85
Al-Masmu'a 105
Al-Matijir 174
Mafalie al-anwZr 137
Al-Matilib al-Muraffariyya 135
Matirib al-angir 11
Al-Ma'iina 203
MawZhib al-afhim 69
Al-MawZhib al-Gharawiyya 69
Al-Mawihib al-saniyya 75, 90
Al-MawXrith 205, 207
MiftZb al-kalim 70
Miftib al-karima 90
MiftZQ al-Riyicj 92
Minhij al-hidiya 93
Minhij al-milla 140
Minhij al-najit 83, 97, 162
Minhij al-qibla 140
Minhiij al-umma 82
Mi'rij al-shari'a 93
Mir'iit al-akhyZr 155
Mir'it al-mugallin 152
Mir'Zt al--(uqiil 52
Migbi4 al-faqiha 123, 174
Migbib al-faqih 94
Migbiib al-hidZya 207
Migbih al-hudi 94
INDEX OF TITLES
Migbib al-ijtihid 68
MigbZQ al-mubtadi 134
Al-MigbZb al-munir 91
Al-Migbib al-sifi' 87
MighZb al-tariq 98
Migbib al-ugiil 11
A1-Migbib al-Wahhij 177
Al-Mishkit 124
Mishkit al-anwir al-gusayniyya
77
Al-Mishkit al-Gharawiyya 78
MishkZt al-hudit 157
Mishkit al-war: 133
Al-Mufradit al-fariqa 82
. - a]-Ja'fari
MuhZdarit fi 'I-fiah
i7i
MuQidarit fi ugiil al-fiqh 11
Al-Mupikama 209
Al-Muhadhdhab 63
Al-Muhadhdhab al-biri' 78
Al-Mubarrar 79
Mu'in al-khawass 98
Al-Miijaz 79, 193'
Muili al-shariea 155
Mukhtalaf al-Shi'a 72
MukhtZr al-madhhab 141
Al-Mukhtir 105
Al-Mukhtagar al-nifi' 65
Muniqashit fiqhiyya 107
MuntahZ maaisid al-anim 70
Munyai al-albib 78
Munyat a1-righib 123
Munyat al-tZlib 174
Al-Muqaddama al-far'iyya 134
Al-Muqni' 67
Al-Muqni'a 62
Al-Muqtagar 79
Al-Murshid 75
Murshid alk'awamm 98
Musakkin al-shujiin 2 0 1
Musawwid al-khudiid 214
Al-MugtalaQZt al-fiqhiyya 1 0 2
Mustamsak al-'Urwa al-wuthqi 94
Mustanad al-Shi'a 93
Mustaqsi al-ijtihid 71
Al-Mutea 115
Al-Mu'tabar 66
Mu'tadid al-Shiea 72
AI-Mu'tadil 213
Mutafarridit al-Imimiyya 101
Mu'tamad al-abkim 68
Mu'tamad al-arim 67
255
Mu'tamad al-Shi'a 90
Al-Mutamassik bi-babl A1 Rasiil
35
Muetaqad al-Imimiyya 95
Mutashibih al-Qur'in 102
Murhir al-mukhtir 194
Nabdha fi siyagh al-'uqiid 173
Al-Nabdha al-'uqiidiyya 187
Nadd al-qawZCid al-fiqhiyya 116
Al-NafQa alk'anhariyya 109
A1-Nama al-qudsiyya 137
Nafahit al-ilhim 69
~ a f ~ ' a 1 - b a r a118
j
Nahj al-faqZha 1 7 4
Nahj alFeirfan 47
Nahl al-sadid 71
Al-NaiZt 132
Najit ;I-'ibid 99
Najit al-mu'minin 67
NajZt al-niswin 127
Al-Nahriyya 203
Al-Najmiyya 135
Najm al-mu'min 111
Nati'ij al-afkZr 155
Nay1 al-marim 95
N a p al-la'ili 108
Nibris al-hidiya 86
Al-Nihiya 64
Nihiyat al-afkZr 11
Nihiyat al-imil 174
Nihiyat al-diriya 11
NihZyat al-ibkim 84
Nihiyat al-iqdim 84
NihZyat al-marZm 87
Nihiiyat al-muqtasid 86
Nihiyat al-taqrir 138
NihZvat al-usiil 11
~ i k i G al-kawikib
NithZrit i ~18i~ a 179
Nigim al-fari'id 74
al-Nigimiyya 135
Nukat al-Nihiya 67
Al-Nukhba 87
Nukhbat al-wiiibZt 97
~ i i al-hudZ
r lf;6
A1-Niir al-siti' 68
Niir-i sZti' 88
Nuzhat al-arwip 186
Nuzhat al-nipir 47
Q
Qali'id al-durar 116
 256 AN INTRODUC

A1-Qali'id al-saniyya 117

Al-Qimi'a li 'I-bid'a 149
QanZdiI alFeasjadit 210
QZt.itat al-lajEj 176
QiJi'at al-mirZ' 189
QZtj'at al-qiil wa '1-qi1 126
Qat ' al-maqil 126
Al-Qatra 157
y a w i t i d al-abkim 73
Al-Qawii'id al-Biqiriyya 118
Al-Qawi'id al-fiqhiyya 119, 171
Qawa'id al-mu'imalit 171
Al-Qawi'id al-shareiyya 117
Al-Qawi'id wa 'I-fawi'id 116
Al-Qawl al-fag1 127
Qiblat IrZq albCAjam wa
KhurZsin 139
Qibla-yi IthnZeashariyya 140
Q i n t a r al-wazi'if 133
QubEla qabaliyya 122
Q u r r a t alk'ayn a l - n Z ~ i r a 75

Al-Radd 'a1Z agQEb alb'adad

161
Al-Radd 'alii i ' t i r i g i t 81
Rifi' al-ibhim 159
Raf' al-iltibis 170
Al-RasZ'il 11, 12, 106,109, 110
Al-Rasi'il wa '1-masE'il 111
RawE'i' al-abkim 67
Rawi'i' al-amili 121
RawEshiQ alk'iniiya al-Rabbiniyya
86
Al-Rawa al-aSQ 185, 186
Al-RawQa al-bahiyya 81
RawQ al-jinzn 81, 202
Raw4 al-nasim 145
R a y b i n a t al-gudur 161
Al-Ridi'iyya 190-3
Al-Ridwin 181
~ l - ~ i i i al-Biqiriyya
la 179
Al-Risila al-Barmakiyya 134
A1-Risila al-Fahliyiriiyya 109
Al-Risila al-FJX'isiyya 121
Al-Risila al-malnawiyya 136
A1-RisZla al-Mubammadiyya 206
Al-Risila al-Najafiyya 152
Al-Risila al-Raoawiyya 69
Al-Risila al-Sayfiyya 109
Risiila-yi sahla 82
RiyiiQ al-masi'it 91
Al-Riimiyya 122
R u ' y a t al-hilil 161