SENTENCE FORMATION

There are five basic patterns around which most English sentences are built. They are as
follows:

S-V Subject-Verb John sleeps.

Jill is eating.
Jack will arrive next week.

S-V-O Subject-Verb-Object I like rice.

She loves her job.
He's eating an orange.

S-V-Adj Subject-Verb-Adjective He is funny.

The workers are lazy.
Karen seems angry.

S-V-Adv Subject-Verb-Adverb Jim is here.

Flowers are everywhere.
No one was there.

S-V-N Subject-Verb-Noun She is my mom.

The men are doctors.
Mr. Jones is the teacher.

At the heart of every English sentence is the Subject-Verb relationship. Other elements can be
added to make a sentence more interesting, but they are not essential to its formation.
1st person or the self (I, we)
   2nd person or the person spoken to (you)
    3rd person or a person not present (he, she, it, they)

Singular Plural
see see
1st Person (I) hear 1st Person (we) hear
sing sing
see see
2nd Person (you) hear 2nd Person (you) hear
sing sing
sees see
3rd Person (he, she, it) hears 3rd Person (they) hear
sings sing
Number Person Present Past Future
1st (I) am was will be
Singular 2nd (you) are were will be
3rd (he, she, it) is was will be
1st (we) are were will be
Plural 2nd (you) are were will be
3rd (they) are were will be
Number Person Present Past
have had
1st (I)
do did
have had
Singular 2nd (you)
do did
has had
3rd (he, she, it)
does did
have had
1st (we)
do did
have had
Plural 2nd (you)
do did
have had
3rd (they)
do did
 ARTICLES

 An article is a kind of adjective which is always used with and gives some information
about a noun. 

 There are only two articles a and the, but they are used very often and are important for
using English accurately. The word a becomes an when the next word begins with a vowel -
a, e, i, o, u) 

 The meaning of the article a is similar to the number one, but one is stronger and gives more
emphasis.  It is possible to say I have a book or I have one book, but the second sentence
emphasizes that I do not have two or three or some other number of books.

The word ‘the’ indicates a specific thing.  The difference between the sentences I sat on a chair
and I sat on the chair is that the second sentence refers to a particular, specific chair, not just any
chair.