UA5000 Technical Manual

Chapter 1 System Overview ...........................................................................
1-1
1.1 About Integrated Services Access Network ........................................... 1-1
1.2 About the HONET .................................................................................. 1-2
1.2.1 Technical Breakthroughs ............................................................... 1-2
1.2.2 Components ................................................................................... 1-2
1.2.3 System Architecture ....................................................................... 1-3
1.3 Major Service Offerings .......................................................................... 1-4
1.3.1 Traditional Voice Services ............................................................. 1-4
1.3.2 NGN-Oriented Voice Services ....................................................... 1-5
1.3.3 Broadband Access Services .......................................................... 1-5
1.3.4 Broadband/Narrowband Leased Line Services ............................. 1-5
1.4 External Interfaces ................................................................................. 1-6
1.4.1 Service Interfaces .......................................................................... 1-6
1.4.2 Maintenance Interfaces.................................................................. 1-7
1.4.3 BITS Interface ................................................................................ 1-8
1.5 System Features .................................................................................... 1-9
1.5.1 Narrowband and Broadband Integrated Platform .......................... 1-9
1.5.2 Powerful Processing Capability ..................................................... 1-9
1.5.3 Abundant Subscriber/Network Interfaces ...................................... 1-10
1.5.4 Highly Scalable System ................................................................. 1-10
1.5.5 Self-Healing Built-in VP Ring Networking ...................................... 1-10
1.5.6 Flexible Networking Mode .............................................................. 1-11
1.5.7 Broad Range of ONU Portfolio ....................................................... 1-11
1.5.8 Outstanding Compatibility .............................................................. 1-12
1.5.9 Carrier-Class Reliability ................................................................. 1-12
1.5.10 Excellent Maintenance and Monitoring ........................................ 1-13
1.5.11 Integrated NMS ............................................................................ 1-14
1.5.12 NGN-Oriented Integrated Services Access Platform ................... 1-14
Chapter 2 System Composition ..................................................................... 2-1
2.1 HONET Software Structure .................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Introduction to the MD5500 .................................................................... 2-2
2.2.1 Logical Structure ............................................................................ 2-2
2.2.2 Frame Structure ............................................................................. 2-3
2.2.3 Frame Hardware Design ................................................................ 2-4
2.2.4 Supported Boards .......................................................................... 2-5
2.2.5 Peripheral Devices ......................................................................... 2-6
2.3 Introduction to the UA5000 and Other ONUs ......................................... 2-9
2.3.1 Logical Structure ............................................................................ 2-9
2.3.2 Frame Structure ............................................................................. 2-10
2.3.3 Frame Hardware Design ................................................................ 2-19
2.3.4 Supported Boards .......................................................................... 2-23
2.3.5 Peripheral Devices ......................................................................... 2-27
2.4 Optical Transmission System ................................................................. 2-30
2.5 NMS ....................................................................................................... 2-30
Chapter 3 Service Implementation ................................................................. 3-1
3.1 Overview ................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2 Traditional Voice Services ...................................................................... 3-1
3.2.1 POTS ............................................................................................. 3-1
3.2.2 Z Interface Extension Service ........................................................ 3-2
3.2.3 ISDN BRA Service ......................................................................... 3-2
3.2.4 ISDN PRA Service ......................................................................... 3-2
3.3 NGN-Oriented Access Services ............................................................. 3-3
3.4 Broadband Access Services .................................................................. 3-4
3.4.1 ADSL Service................................................................................. 3-4
3.4.2 VDSL Service................................................................................. 3-5
3.4.3 LAN Service ................................................................................... 3-6
3.5 Broadband/Narrowband Leased Line Services ...................................... 3-6
3.5.1 HONET DAS Access Service ........................................................ 3-7
3.5.2 2/4-wire VF Leased Line Service ................................................... 3-8
3.5.3 2/4-wire E&M Trunk Service .......................................................... 3-9
3.5.4 2 Mbit/s Digital Leased Line Service .............................................. 3-12
3.5.5 Nx64 kbit/s Leased Line Service .................................................... 3-13
3.5.6 SHDSL Leased Line Service ......................................................... 3-14
3.5.7 MTA Leased Line Service .............................................................. 3-15
3.5.8 Circuit Emulation Service ............................................................... 3-15
3.5.9 LAN Interconnection Service ......................................................... 3-17
3.6 Multicast Service .................................................................................... 3-18
3.7 VP Ring .................................................................................................. 3-20
3.7.1 Protection Switching Type ............................................................. 3-20
3.7.2 Protection Switching Detection and Trigger Mechanism ............... 3-21
3.7.3 Protection Switching Protocol ........................................................ 3-22
Chapter 4 Networking Applications ............................................................... 4-1
4.1 System Networking Options ................................................................... 4-1
4.1.1 SDH Networking ............................................................................ 4-1
4.1.2 MSTP Networking .......................................................................... 4-2
4.1.3 VP Ring Networking ....................................................................... 4-3
4.1.4 Direct Fiber Networking ................................................................. 4-4
4.1.5 Direct Fiber and SDH Hybrid Networking ...................................... 4-5
4.1.6 Subtending Networking .................................................................. 4-6
4.1.7 Single-Layer Networking ................................................................ 4-8
4.1.8 TDM Large Capacity Networking ................................................... 4-9
4.1.9 NGN Migration Networking ............................................................ 4-10
4.2 Typical Applications ................................................................................ 4-12
4.2.1 Integrated Narrowband and Broadband Access ............................ 4-12
4.2.2 Narrowband Service Access .......................................................... 4-14
4.2.3 DDN Service Access ...................................................................... 4-15
4.2.4 IP Egress Application ..................................................................... 4-16
4.2.5 NGN Migration ............................................................................... 4-17
Chapter 5 Network Management System ...................................................... 5-1
5.1 CLI NMS ................................................................................................. 5-1
5.1.1 Running Environment .................................................................... 5-1
5.1.2 NMS Functions .............................................................................. 5-1
5.2 GUI NMS ................................................................................................ 5-2
5.2.1 Running Environment .................................................................... 5-2
5.2.2 NMS Functions .............................................................................. 5-4
5.3 NMS Networking Modes ......................................................................... 5-7
5.3.1 Inband Networking ......................................................................... 5-7
5.3.2 Outband Networking ...................................................................... 5-8
Chapter 6 Technical Specifications ............................................................... 6-1
6.1 Standards Compliance ........................................................................... 6-1
6.2 Technical Parameters ............................................................................ 6-5
6.2.1 Physical Specifications .................................................................. 6-5
6.2.2 Environment Parameters ............................................................... 6-7
6.3 System Performance .............................................................................. 6-8
6.3.1 Integrated System Performance .................................................... 6-8
6.3.2 System Interface Index .................................................................. 6-11
6.3.3 Protocols Compliance .................................................................... 6-13
6.4 Interface Technical Specifications .......................................................... 6-13
6.4.1 STM-1 Optical Port ........................................................................ 6-13
6.4.2 155 Mbit/s Electric Port .................................................................. 6-17
6.4.3 STM-4 Optical Port ........................................................................ 6-20
6.4.4 Gigabit Ethernet Optical Port ......................................................... 6-23
6.4.5 Fast Ethernet Optical Port .............................................................. 6-27
6.4.6 Fast Ethernet Electric Port ............................................................. 6-30
6.4.7 E1 Port ........................................................................................... 6-32
6.4.8 V.35 Interface................................................................................. 6-37
6.4.9 Z Interface ...................................................................................... 6-39
6.4.10 U interface.................................................................................... 6-47
6.4.11 ADSL Port .................................................................................... 6-51
6.4.12 VDSL Port .................................................................................... 6-52
6.4.13 SHDSL Port ................................................................................. 6-55
Appendix A Introduction to xDSL Technology ............................................. A-1
A.1 Overview ................................................................................................ A-1
A.1.1 Introduction to xDSL Technologies................................................ A-1
A.1.2 Specifications of xDSL Technologies ............................................ A-3
A.2 ADSL...................................................................................................... A-4
A.3 ADSL2+ ................................................................................................. A-8
A.4 SHDSL ................................................................................................... A-12
A.5 VDSL...................................................................................................... A-14
Appendix B Terminologies ............................................................................. B-1
Appendix C Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................... C-1

HUAWEI
HONET Integrated Services Access Network

Technical Manual
V600R007
HONET Integrated Services Access Network
Technical Manual
Manual Version T2-050263-20040920-C-6.71
Product Version V600R007
BOM 31026263
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support
and service. Please feel free to contact our local office or company headquarters.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,
Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China
Postal Code: 518129
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com
Copyright © 2004 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All Rights Reserved
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any

means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks
, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, , ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,

TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium, M900/M1800,
TELESIGHT, Quidview, Musa, Airbridge, Tellwin, Inmedia, VRP, DOPRA, iTELLIN,
HUAWEI OptiX, C&C08 iNET, NETENGINE, OptiX, iSite, U-SYS, iMUSE, OpenEye,
Lansway, SmartAX, infoX, TopEng are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
All other trademarks mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every effort has
been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents, but
all statements, information, and recommendations in this manual do not constitute
the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
About This Manual
Release Notes
This manual applies to the HONET Integrated Services Access Network V600R007
(hereinafter referred to as the HONET).
Related Manuals
The manuals listed in the following table contain more information about the MD5500.
Manual Content
HONET Integrated Services Access It presents a comprehensive introduction to the HONET
Network Technical Manual Integrated Services Access Network.
HONET MD5500 Multi-service It discusses the maintenance and data configuration for the
Distribution Module Operation Manual MD5500.
HONET MD5500 Multi-service
Distribution Module Installation It is a guide to install the MD5500.
Manual
HONET MD5500 Multi-service It lists the safety information needed to install and maintain
Distribution Module Safety Manual the equipment.
HONET Integrated Services Access
It describes commonly used troubleshooting practices.
Network Troubleshooting Manual
HONET MD5500 Multi-service It provides an overview of the hardware structure of the
Distribution Module Hardware MD5500, as well as the functions of each component. This
Description Manual manual is contained in the documentation CD only.
HONET MD5500 Multi-service
It elaborates on all commands supported by the system.
Distribution Module Command
This manual is contained in the documentation CD only.
Reference
Documentation CD The CD contains the whole set of manuals.
The manuals listed in the following table contain more information about the UA5000.
Manual Description
HONET Integrated Services Access It presents a comprehensive introduction to the HONET
Network Technical Manual Integrated Services Access Network.
HONET UA5000 Universal Access Unit It discusses the maintenance and data configuration for the
Operation Manual UA5000.
Manual Description
This manual introduces boards and cables of various ONU
HONET UA5000 Universal Access Unit
equipments. The manual is contained in the documentation
Hardware Description Manual
CD only.
HONET UA5000 Universal Access Unit It elaborates on all commands supported by the system.
Command Reference The manual is contained in the documentation CD only.
Documentation CD The CD contains the set of manuals.
Organization
The manual consists of six chapters and three appendixes that elaborate on the
features, system structure, service principles, networking applications, network
management system and technical specifications of the HONET.
z Chapter 1 System Overview discusses the network development trend and the
broadband and narrowband integrated solution provided by the HONET. It also
profiles the system structure, capacity, interfaces and other features of the
HONET.
z Chapter 2 System Composition gives details about the hardware of HONET
system, describing hardware for both OLT and ONU.
z Chapter 3 Service Implementation introduces the applications supported by the
HONET system, including voice, broadband and private line services.
z Chapter 4 Networking Applications presents various networking applications
between OLT and ONU of HONET system.
z Chapter 5 Network Management System describes the network management
ability of HONET system and the network management system iManager N2000.
z Chapter 6 Technical Specifications lists the system and interface specifications
of the HONET.
z Appendix A introduces the xDSL technology.
z Appendix B lists the terminologies used in this manual.
z Appendix C lists the abbreviations and acronyms used in this manual.
Intended Audience
The manual is intended for the following readers:

z HONET operation and maintenance engineers
z HONET Network administrators
Technical Manual
HONET Integrated Services Access Network Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 System Overview ......................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 About Integrated Services Access Network ...................................................................... 1-1
1.2 About the HONET .............................................................................................................. 1-2
1.2.1 Technical Breakthroughs ........................................................................................ 1-2
1.2.2 Components ............................................................................................................ 1-2
1.2.3 System Architecture ................................................................................................ 1-3
1.3 Major Service Offerings ..................................................................................................... 1-4
1.3.1 Traditional Voice Services....................................................................................... 1-4
1.3.2 NGN-Oriented Voice Services ................................................................................ 1-5
1.3.3 Broadband Access Services ................................................................................... 1-5
1.3.4 Broadband/Narrowband Leased Line Services ...................................................... 1-5
1.4 External Interfaces ............................................................................................................. 1-6
1.4.1 Service Interfaces ................................................................................................... 1-6
1.4.2 Maintenance Interfaces........................................................................................... 1-7
1.4.3 BITS Interface ......................................................................................................... 1-8
1.5 System Features................................................................................................................ 1-9
1.5.1 Narrowband and Broadband Integrated Platform ................................................... 1-9
1.5.2 Powerful Processing Capability............................................................................... 1-9
1.5.3 Abundant Subscriber/Network Interfaces ............................................................. 1-10
1.5.4 Highly Scalable System ........................................................................................ 1-10
1.5.5 Self-Healing Built-in VP Ring Networking ............................................................. 1-10
1.5.6 Flexible Networking Mode..................................................................................... 1-11
1.5.7 Broad Range of ONU Portfolio.............................................................................. 1-11
1.5.8 Outstanding Compatibility ..................................................................................... 1-12
1.5.9 Carrier-Class Reliability......................................................................................... 1-12
1.5.10 Excellent Maintenance and Monitoring ............................................................... 1-13
1.5.11 Integrated NMS ................................................................................................... 1-14
1.5.12 NGN-Oriented Integrated Services Access Platform .......................................... 1-14
Chapter 2 System Composition ................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 HONET Software Structure ............................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Introduction to the MD5500 ............................................................................................... 2-2
2.2.1 Logical Structure ..................................................................................................... 2-2
2.2.2 Frame Structure ...................................................................................................... 2-3
2.2.3 Frame Hardware Design ......................................................................................... 2-4
2.2.4 Supported Boards ................................................................................................... 2-5
2.2.5 Peripheral Devices .................................................................................................. 2-6
2.3 Introduction to the UA5000 and Other ONUs .................................................................... 2-9
i
Technical Manual
2.3.1 Logical Structure ..................................................................................................... 2-9

2.3.2 Frame Structure .................................................................................................... 2-10
2.3.3 Frame Hardware Design ....................................................................................... 2-20
2.3.4 Supported Boards ................................................................................................. 2-24
2.3.5 Peripheral Devices ................................................................................................ 2-28
2.4 Optical Transmission System .......................................................................................... 2-30
2.5 NMS ................................................................................................................................. 2-31
Chapter 3 Service Implementation .............................................................................................. 3-1

3.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2 Traditional Voice Services ................................................................................................. 3-1
3.2.1 POTS....................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2.2 Z Interface Extension Service ................................................................................. 3-2
3.2.3 ISDN BRA Service .................................................................................................. 3-2
3.2.4 ISDN PRA Service .................................................................................................. 3-2
3.3 NGN-Oriented Access Services ........................................................................................ 3-3
3.4 Broadband Access Services.............................................................................................. 3-4
3.4.1 ADSL Service .......................................................................................................... 3-4
3.4.2 VDSL Service .......................................................................................................... 3-5
3.4.3 LAN Service ............................................................................................................ 3-6
3.5 Broadband/Narrowband Leased Line Services ................................................................. 3-6
3.5.1 HONET DAS Access Service.................................................................................. 3-7
3.5.2 2/4-wire VF Leased Line Service ............................................................................ 3-8
3.5.3 2/4-wire E&M Trunk Service ................................................................................... 3-9
3.5.4 2 Mbit/s Digital Leased Line Service ..................................................................... 3-12
3.5.5 N×64 kbit/s Leased Line Service .......................................................................... 3-13
3.5.6 SHDSL Leased Line Service................................................................................. 3-14
3.5.7 MTA Leased Line Service ..................................................................................... 3-15
3.5.8 Circuit Emulation Service ...................................................................................... 3-15
3.5.9 LAN Interconnection Service................................................................................. 3-17
3.6 Multicast Service.............................................................................................................. 3-18
3.7 VP Ring............................................................................................................................ 3-20
3.7.1 Protection Switching Type..................................................................................... 3-20
3.7.2 Protection Switching Detection and Trigger Mechanism ...................................... 3-21
3.7.3 Protection Switching Protocol ............................................................................... 3-22
Chapter 4 Networking Applications............................................................................................. 4-1

4.1 System Networking Options .............................................................................................. 4-1
4.1.1 SDH Networking...................................................................................................... 4-1
4.1.2 MSTP Networking ................................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.3 VP Ring Networking ................................................................................................ 4-3
4.1.4 Direct Fiber Networking........................................................................................... 4-4
4.1.5 Direct Fiber and SDH Hybrid Networking ............................................................... 4-5
4.1.6 Subtending Networking ........................................................................................... 4-6
ii
Technical Manual
4.1.7 Single-Layer Networking ......................................................................................... 4-8

4.1.8 TDM Large Capacity Networking ............................................................................ 4-9
4.1.9 NGN Migration Networking ................................................................................... 4-10
4.2 Typical Applications ......................................................................................................... 4-12
4.2.1 Integrated Narrowband and Broadband Access ................................................... 4-12
4.2.2 Narrowband Service Access ................................................................................. 4-14
4.2.3 DDN Service Access............................................................................................. 4-15
4.2.4 IP Egress Application ............................................................................................ 4-16
4.2.5 NGN Migration....................................................................................................... 4-17
Chapter 5 Network Management System.................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 CLI NMS ............................................................................................................................ 5-1
5.1.1 Running Environment.............................................................................................. 5-1
5.1.2 NMS Functions........................................................................................................ 5-1
5.2 GUI NMS............................................................................................................................ 5-2
5.2.1 Running Environment.............................................................................................. 5-2
5.2.2 NMS Functions........................................................................................................ 5-4
5.3 NMS Networking Modes .................................................................................................... 5-7
5.3.1 Inband Networking .................................................................................................. 5-7
5.3.2 Outband Networking ............................................................................................... 5-8
Chapter 6 Technical Specifications............................................................................................. 6-1

6.1 Standards Compliance ...................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2 Technical Parameters........................................................................................................ 6-5
6.2.1 Physical Specifications............................................................................................ 6-5
6.2.2 Environment Parameters ........................................................................................ 6-7
6.3 System Performance ......................................................................................................... 6-8
6.3.1 Integrated System Performance ............................................................................. 6-8
6.3.2 System Interface Index ......................................................................................... 6-11
6.3.3 Protocols Compliance ........................................................................................... 6-13
6.4 Interface Technical Specifications ................................................................................... 6-13
6.4.1 STM-1 Optical Port................................................................................................ 6-13
6.4.2 155 Mbit/s Electric Port ......................................................................................... 6-17
6.4.3 STM-4 Optical Port................................................................................................ 6-20
6.4.4 Gigabit Ethernet Optical Port ................................................................................ 6-23
6.4.5 Fast Ethernet Optical Port..................................................................................... 6-27
6.4.6 Fast Ethernet Electric Port .................................................................................... 6-30
6.4.7 E1 Port .................................................................................................................. 6-32
6.4.8 V.35 Interface ........................................................................................................ 6-37
6.4.9 Z Interface ............................................................................................................. 6-39
6.4.10 U interface ........................................................................................................... 6-47
6.4.11 ADSL Port ........................................................................................................... 6-51
6.4.12 VDSL Port ........................................................................................................... 6-52
6.4.13 SHDSL Port......................................................................................................... 6-55
iii
Technical Manual
Appendix A Introduction to xDSL Technology ..........................................................................A-1

A.1 Overview............................................................................................................................A-1
A.1.1 Introduction to xDSL Technologies.........................................................................A-1
A.1.2 Specifications of xDSL Technologies .....................................................................A-3
A.2 ADSL .................................................................................................................................A-4
A.3 ADSL2+ .............................................................................................................................A-8
A.4 SHDSL.............................................................................................................................A-12
A.5 VDSL ...............................................................................................................................A-14
Appendix B Terminologies...........................................................................................................B-1
Appendix C Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................................................C-1
iv
Technical Manual
HONET Integrated Services Access Network Chapter 1 System Overview
Chapter 1 System Overview
With the increasing demands on telecommunication services, the carriers need an

access network that can integrate data, voice and multimedia services while providing
large access capacity, high access speed and high quality of service.
The HONET Integrated Services Access Network (the HONET for short) of Huawei is
a mainstream solution for integrated services access network thanks to its diverse
service interfaces, flexible networking patterns and excellent maintainability.
1.1 About Integrated Services Access Network
An integrated services access network is an access network that provides access for
both narrowband and broadband services at the same time.
The narrowband services here include the Public Switched Telephone Network
(PSTN) service, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) service, Digital Data
Network (DDN) service and so on. While the broadband services here include the x
Digital Subscriber Line (xDSL) access services, Local Area Network (LAN) access
services and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) leased line interconnection
services.
An integrated services access network is very often built up over a Synchronous

Digital Hierarchy (SDH) or Virtual Path (VP) ring transmission system. The most
important parts in such a network include the Optical Line Terminal (OLT) and the
Optical Network Unit (ONU). The OLT and ONU, together with the SDH/VP ring
transmission system and the network management system (NMS), form a complete
integrated services access network.
Figure 1–1 shows the overall structure of the integrated service access network.
1-1
Technical Manual
Network side Integrated Services Access Network Subscriber side
POTS
Analog telephone
PSTN
2B+D
ONU Digital telephone
64kbit/s
DDN V.35/V.24
Router
OLT SDH/VP Ring
ONU
ATM MD5500
E1
DDN node
ONU xDSL
IP modem
Ethernet
10Base-T
Computer
NMS
Figure 1–1 Overall structure of the integrated service access network
1.2 About the HONET
Huawei presents the HONET as a total solution on the integrated services access
network, in which different systems of Huawei have been merged together to provide
outstanding performance.
1.2.1 Technical Breakthroughs
The HONET supports a full spectrum of narrowband and broadband services that are
essential in an Integrated Services Access network. Moreover, it is empowered with a
number of technical breakthroughs of Huawei to support the ever varying services
and to extend the service coverage.
These breakthroughs include the “narrowband-and-broadband integrated platform”,

“bus resource sharing technology” and “built-in VP Ring technology”.
1.2.2 Components
z OLT
In the HONET solution, the MD5500 Multi-service Distribution Module (the MD5500
for short) of Huawei plays the role of an OLT.
z ONU
In the HONET solution, the following devices of Huawei can play the role of an ONU:
– UA5000 Universal Access Unit (the UA5000 for short)
– PV8 frames (PV8-6, PV8-10 or PV8-12)
1-2
Technical Manual
– RSP frames (RSP-6, RSP-10, RSP-12 or RSP-14)

z Optical transmission system
In the HONET solution, the OptiX or Metro optical transmission solution of Huawei is
used. Other standard optical transmission systems are also supported.
z NMS
In the HONET solution, the iManager N2000 Fixed Network Integrated Management
System of Huawei (the iManager N2000 for short) is used as the network
management system (NMS) to manage both the network and network elements.
The following chapters describe in detail the composition of the HONET system.
1.2.3 System Architecture
The HONET may consist of both the MD5500 and the UA5000 to build up a two-layer
access network. It may also use only the UA5000 to build up a single-layer access
network together with the local exchanges, ATM switches or the routers.
I. Two-layer networking
In the two-layer networking mode, the HONET consists of the MD5500, the UA5000,
the OptiX or Metro optical transmission system and the iManager N2000 NMS.
See Figure 1–2.
Network side HONET Subscriber side
UA5000 POTS
Analog telephone
PSTN
2B+D
Digital telephone
MD5500 64kbit/s
DDN V.35/V.24
Router
OptiX/Metro
ATM E1
DDN node
IP Ethernet xDSL
modem
UA5000 10Base-T
Computer
iManager N2000
Figure 1–2 HONET overall structure (two-layer)
The MD5500 is located at the central office side and the UA5000 is located at the user
side. The MD5500 transmits the services from the UA5000 to different target networks
such as PSTN, DDN, ATM and IP backbone networks.
1-3
Technical Manual
II. Single-layer networking
In the single-layer networking mode the HONET is composed of the UA5000, optical
transmission system (optional) and the iManager N2000 NMS.
See Figure 1–3.
Network side HONET Subscriber side
POTS
PSTN Analog telephone
2B+D Digital telephone
UA5000 64kbit/s
V.35/V.24
DDN Router
E1
DDN Node
ATM
xDSL
modem
IP 10Base-T
Ethernet Computer
iManager N2000
Figure 1–3 HONET overall structure (single layer)
In the figure, the UA5000 sends the narrowband services to the Local Exchange (LE)
through V5 interfaces, and transmits the broadband services to the metropolitan area
network through its ATM or IP ports.
1.3 Major Service Offerings
1.3.1 Traditional Voice Services
The HONET supports the following voice-related functions:

z Supports V5.2 and V5.1 interfaces to connect LE.
z Supports Layer-2 and Layer-3 signaling tracing of V5 interface.
z Provides POTS ports to connect the analog subscribers or PBXs.
z Provides ISDN BRI and ISDN PRI ports to connect digital subscribers.
z Provides FXO ports to connect the PBXs.
z Supports A/µ law, polarity reversal, 16/12KC, and interface gain setting for its
POTS ports.
z Supports line test of POTS and ISDN subscribers.
1-4
Technical Manual
1.3.2 NGN-Oriented Voice Services
Integrating AG and SoftSwitch, HONET provides Voice over IP (VoIP), Fax over IP
(FoIP) and Modem over IP (MoIP) services.
These services are described as follows.

z Provides VoIP service for POTS subscribers.
z Supports PSTN services, complementary services and intelligent services
through SoftSwitch.
z Supports IP Fax service, T.30 protocol based Fax function and G.711 based
transparent transmission for Fax service.
z Supports G.711 based transparent transmission for Modem service.
1.3.3 Broadband Access Services
The HONET supports broadband access services through its ADSL, ADSL2+, VDSL
and Ethernet ports.
The features are as follows.

z Supports PPPoEoA, IPoA and IPoEoA network access modes for ADSL,
ADSL2+ and VDSL subscribers.
z In the two-layer networking, the MD5500 provides different upstream ports to
connect different backbone networks. The broadband upstream modes include
two modes:
– Supports Layer-2 transparent transmission at the MD5500 side to transmit
subscriber services directly to upper layer equipment such as the broadband
remote access server (BRAS), Layer-3 switch and router.
– Supports static and dynamic routing (RIP II and OSPF) at the MD5500 side,
and implements Layer-3 packet forwarding to establish connection with the
backbone network.
z In the single-layer networking, the UA5000 sends the broadband services
directly to the ATM switches or routers through its main control board APM or
IPM.
1.3.4 Broadband/Narrowband Leased Line Services
The HONET provides complete leased line interconnection function to satisfy the
enterprise user’s demand for leased line service. It provides the following leased line
interconnection functions:
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I. DDN leased line
z Provides DDN subscriber interfaces including E1, V.35, V.24 and SHDSL at the
UA5000 side.
z Provides E1 and V.35 ports to connect DDN Node at the MD5500 side.
II. CES leased line
z Provides E1 (UDT, SDT) and V.35 ports to connect narrowband DDN equipment.
z Realizes CES through AAL1-encapsulated ATM connections to send services
upstream to ATM network.
z Serves as a DDN convergence node using its CES function.
III. LAN interconnection
z Provides Ethernet ports.

z Supports RFC1483B Protocol to implement inter-LAN Layer-2 transparent
transmission through ATM Permanent Virtual Connections (PVCs).
IV. Common 2-wire/4-wire VF leased line
Establishes voice or data service interconnection for leased line subscribers.
1.4 External Interfaces
1.4.1 Service Interfaces
Table 1–1 lists the service interfaces provided by the MD5500.
Table 1–1 Service interfaces provided by the MD5500
Interface Connects…
V5.2/V5.1 LE
ISDN PRI (30B+D) Data terminal
2 Mbit/s leased line (E1) DDN equipment
CES E1 DDN equipment
ATM E1 ATM network equipment
IMA E1 ATM network equipment
STM-1/STM-4 ATM network equipment
FE/GE IP network equipment
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Table 1–2 lists the service interfaces provided by the UA5000.
Table 1–2 Service interfaces provided by the UA5000
Interface Connects…
Network interface
STM-1/STM-4 ATM network equipment
2 Mbit/s leased line (E1) DDN network equipment
CES E1 DDN network equipment
FE/GE IP network equipment
Subscriber interface
POTS Common telephone
V.35/V.24 Data terminal
ISDN BRI 2B+D Digital telephone or data terminal
ISDN PRI 30B+D Data terminal
2B1Q MTA
E1 Router
E&M trunk E&M trunk interconnection equipment
FXO Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
2-wire/4-wire VF Leased line modem or VF telephone
SHDSL SHDSL modem
ADSL ADSL modem
ADSL2+ ADSL2+ modem
VDSL VDSL modem
10/100Base-T LAN Switch or PC
1.4.2 Maintenance Interfaces
Both the MD5500 and the UA5000 provide multiple maintenance interfaces to
maintain the device locally, remotely or in a centralized manner. These interfaces are
provided at the front panel of the main control board.
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I. Local maintenance serial port
Both the MD5500 and the UA5000 provide a local maintenance port. This port uses
RJ-45 connector. It provides an RS-232 serial port through a special cable. The other
end of the cable is a DB-9 connector connecting a computer for daily maintenance,
commissioning or troubleshooting.
II. Remote maintenance serial port
Both the MD5500 and the UA5000 provide a remote maintenance serial port.
Physically, this port shares the same serial port with the local maintenance port. It
uses RJ-45 connector. It provides an RS-232 serial port through a special cable. The
other end of the cable is a DB-9 connector connecting a modem directly.
III. Network management interface
Both the MD5500 and the UA5000 provide a network management interface. The
interface uses RJ-45 connector. It provides an auto-negotiating 10/100 Mbit/s
Ethernet electrical port through a category-5 twisted cable. It can be connected with a
maintenance computer directly, or a computer through LAN for centralized network
management.
IV. Environment monitoring interface
Both the MD5500 and the UA5000 provide an environment monitoring interface. The
environment monitoring interface uses RJ-45 connector for connection with the
environment monitoring equipment (such as an environment monitoring board, power
monitoring module and environment monitoring box) to monitor and control the
environment status (such as temperature and humidity) and power state (voltage,
battery, and so on).
When there is an active/standby switchover of the main control boards, the

corresponding active/standby switchover of the environment monitoring interfaces on
the boards will also be triggered.
The MD5500 monitors the fan frames as well.
1.4.3 BITS Interface
The MD5500 provides two Building Integrated Timing Supply System (BITS) clock
interfaces to connect BITS equipment for acquiring high precision clock. The BITS
interface supports 2 Mbit/s and 2 MHz clock inputs. It has clock detection and
switchover functions.
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1.5 System Features
Making full use of technical advantages of Huawei in the fields of broadband and
narrowband, the HONET provides customers with the operable and manageable
carrier-class equipment that is integrated with complete services, convenient
maintenance and reliable operation features.
1.5.1 Narrowband and Broadband Integrated Platform
The HONET integrated platform makes full use of circuit switching and packet
switching technologies to support both narrowband and broadband services. The
narrowband and broadband services share the same main control and switching
component, subscriber line resources, transmission system, cabinet, frames, network
management system and power supply system. The narrowband and broadband
service boards are slot-compatible, which can be configured flexibly to meet different
requirements of different scenarios.
1.5.2 Powerful Processing Capability
Making full use of TDM, ATM and IP technologies, the HONET features powerful
processing capability on voice services, broadband access services as well as
broadband/narrowband leased line interconnection services. The major features are
as follows.
z Provides a 16k x 16k TDM switching fabric.
z Supports V5.1 and V5.2 protocols.
z Provides a 5 Gbit/s non-blocking packet switching fabric, and supports Virtual
Channel (VC)/Virtual Path (VP) switching.
z Supports four ATM service types, including Constant Bit Rate (CBR), real time
Variable Bit Rate (rt-VBR), non-real time Variable Bit Rate (nrt-VBR) and
Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR).
z Provides efficient Quality of Service (QoS) by supporting such functions as
Connection Admission Control (CAC), flow management, congestion control,
queue management, priority scheduling and traffic shaping.
z Supports Operation and Maintenance (OAM) function to provide OAM loop,
continuity check, error indication and performance monitoring for all connections.
z Implements Layer-3 forwarding for IPoA and IPoEoA subscribers through the
IPU board.
z Supports local IP address allocation and RADIUS IP allocation.
z Supports IP routing and forwarding function by static route or Routing
Information Protocol II (RIP II) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) dynamic
routing protocols.
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z Supports POTS and ISDN services with a maximum capacity of 48, 000
traditional voice subscribers.
z Supports VoIP services with a maximum capacity of 5, 000 VoIP subscribers.
z Supports ADSL/ADSL2+ services with a maximum capacity of 8, 000 ports.
z Supports VDSL services with a maximum capacity of 8, 000 ports.
z Supports subscriber access, service distribution and network interworking for
LAN, FR and DDN leased line subscribers.
1.5.3 Abundant Subscriber/Network Interfaces
The HONET provides various subscriber/network interfaces to satisfy the needs for
different applications. They include the followings:
z PSTN network interface: V5.1 and V5.2 interfaces
z DDN interface: V.35 (Nx64 kbit/s (N=1-31)) and E1 ports
z ATM user/network interface: E1, IMA E1, ATM E3, STM-1, and STM-4 ports
z IP network interface: FE and GE ports
z Voice subscriber interface: POTS, ISDN BRI, ISDN PRI and FXO ports
z Broadband subscriber interface: ADSL (G.DMT), ADSL (G.LITE), ADSL2+,
Ethernet, SHDSL and VDSL ports
z Narrowband data leased line interface: V.24 (2.4/4.8/9.6/19.2 kbit/s),
V.35 (N x 64 kbit/s (N=1-31)), E1, SHDSL, VF and 2-wire/4-wire E&M ports
z CES interface: E1 (SDT, UDT) and V.35 ports
z LAN interface: 10/100 Mbit/s auto-negotiating Ethernet port
1.5.4 Highly Scalable System
There are multiple ways to expand system capacity of the UA5000. The UA5000 can
be subtended through IMA E1, ATM E3 or STM-1 ATM ports to form link, star and tree
network topologies. This offers flexible choices to extend backbone network to
subscribers and enhances the system expandability. The highly scalable system
protects the previous investment effectively.
1.5.5 Self-Healing Built-in VP Ring Networking
The HONET supports built-in VP Ring networking. The core of VP Ring technology is
to transport multiple services over a single system. It simplifies the network structure
and saves the optical fiber resources to reduce the transmission cost.
z The narrowband and broadband services are transmitted over the same pair of
fibers. The QoS is guaranteed, and the bandwidth for broadband service can be
dynamically allocated.
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z The transmission system uses imbedded device without additional transmission

equipment. This brings low overall cost, easy engineering and convenient
maintenance.
z The VP Ring networking solves the problem of using excessive fiber resources in
the case of direct fiber networking. It also tackles the problem of
protection-absence in the case of star networking topology.
z Its switchover protection mechanism ensures the service stability.
1.5.6 Flexible Networking Mode
The HONET supports two-layer and one-layer networking modes.

z The two-layer networking refers to the two-layer networking. The UA5000
provides various interfaces to support the access of different services. The
MD5500 converges and distributes the services sent from the UA5000. This
networking mode is capable of supporting large number of subscribers. It is used
widely.
z The one-layer networking refers to the single-layer networking. The UA5000
sends the narrowband services to the LE through V5 interfaces, and transmits
the broadband services to the MAN through ATM or IP ports. This networking
mode is applicable to the scenarios that have few access nodes and each node
has a relatively small amount of subscribers.
These two networking modes support ATM and IP upstream. They are adaptive to
different networks.
1.5.7 Broad Range of ONU Portfolio
The application environment of access network is rather complex. The network

equipment is hence required to be environment-adaptive and of various capacities.
The HONET provides a wide range of ONU models to satisfy different requirements.
z ONUs with the capacities ranging from tens of lines to thousands of lines.
z Indoor and outdoor ONUs to be used in different environments including friendly
and severe ones such as torrid and cold places.
z ONUs of different sizes and shapes (rack or desktop) and of different access
modes (front-access or rear-access) to meet different installation and
maintenance requirements.
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The specifications of the ONUs are listed in Table 1–3.
Table 1–3 Main specifications of ONU cabinets
Max. subscriber Max. subscribers Max. subscribers

Model Type
fames (POTS) (ADSL)
ONU60A Indoor, case-shape 1 64 16

F02A-D-32 Indoor, 19-inch 3 1120 560
F02A-D-32
Indoor, 19-inch 5 1952 912
large-capacity
Indoor, integrated,
F02A-U-32 2 704 352
19-inch
Indoor, front
F02AF-D-32 3 1152 544
access, 19-inch
Outdoor, front
F01D-100 1 192 96
access
Outdoor, front
F01D-200 1 288 160
access
Outdoor, front
F01D-500 2 736 352
access
Outdoor, front
F01D-1000 3 1152 544
access
* The “integrated” here means the type of ONU has built-in main distribution frame and power supply system.
1.5.8 Outstanding Compatibility
Powered by the accumulative technology advantages, the HONET features

outstanding compatibility. It has been successfully interconnected with a large amount
of LEs, ATM switches, DDN nodes, IP routers and various terminals at user side.
1.5.9 Carrier-Class Reliability
The HONET is designed with high reliability in respect of software and hardware. The
main control system, switching fabric, clock system and power system all adopt the
redundancy backup design. The ring network topology it supports has self-healing
function.
The major features of the system concerning reliability are as follows:

z Adopts 1+1 hot backup for the main control board. During the active/standby
switchover, services will not be interrupted.
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z Adopts dual-plane switching fabric structure for the switching fabric unit. The
switchover of switching planes adopts the output-port-based data packet error
detection and selection technology, which is implemented by the main control
module according to the statistical results of the switching channel faults.
z Provides the synchronous dual-plane high-precision line clock unit. It selects
flexible clock synchronization reference (including reference derived from TDM
line, ATM line and BITS clock source), provides enhanced Stratum-3 port
synchronization clock, and provides monitoring alarm for every synchronous
clock line.
z Provides redundant fan configuration, intelligent control and alarm reporting
functions.
z Adopts redundancy (N+1 hot backup) design for primary power supply. Provides
load-sharing, real-time monitoring and alarm functions. The functional module
adopts distributed power supply mode to achieve high reliability.
z Employs modular and platform design for the software system.
z Follows strictly Capability Maturity Model (CMM) software development process.
z Takes into consideration the abnormality processing ability required by
carrier-class products to ensure high system reliability.
1.5.10 Excellent Maintenance and Monitoring
I. Excellent environment and power monitoring function
The HONET provides outstanding environment and power monitoring function. It

implements real-time monitoring over the environment and power systems at both
central office end and the far end.
The monitoring information includes the followings:

z Ambient temperature and humidity inside the cabinet
z Door access control status
z Main distribution frame status
z Primary power status
z Power module status
z Power voltage
z Power current
z Fan status
z Battery even/float charging management
Besides, the HONET provides external monitoring interfaces to monitor other desired
environment parameters or power parameters.
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II. Multiple maintenance approaches
The HONET provides multiple maintenance ways such as local maintenance, remote
maintenance and centralized maintenance. It provides excellent alarm, test,
diagnosis and tracing functions to facilitate routine system maintenance and
management. The major features are as follows.
z Supports command line and SNMP network management modes.
z Supports both the IP network remote maintenance and the remote modem
dial-up maintenance.
z Supports real-time reporting of fault alarm and running information, and alarm
management.
z Supports narrowband line test.
z Provides excellent OAM functions, such as the interface loopback and diagnosis
functions.
z Provides real-time tracing on Layer-2 and Layer-3 important processes of V5
interface.
z Supports online loading and online patching.
1.5.11 Integrated NMS
The HONET can be managed by the Huawei iManager N2000. Based on principle
and structure of telecommunication management network (TMN), the iManager
N2000 provides comprehensive equipment maintenance and network management
functions. It maintains the equipment in a user-friendly graphic interface. It can
connect the network management center through multiple kinds of interfaces.
The HONET supports inband and outband network management modes. The
iManager N2000 can manage the HONET, broadband access equipment and data
communication equipment seamlessly in an integrated manner.
1.5.12 NGN-Oriented Integrated Services Access Platform
The NGN carries and switches services on the basis of IP technologies and utilizes
open network architecture to integrate all kinds of services. As the development of
NGN technologies and IP backbone network construction, NGN is approaching.
However, the existing networks will still operate for a long time. Therefore, how to
interwork legacy networks and the NGN and how to avoid redundant investment have
become the major concerns of carriers and manufacturers.
Both the MD5500 and the UA5000 can act as the Access Gateway (AG) in the NGN.
This enables the HONET to meet various requirements during the NGN migration
process of the access network.
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HONET Integrated Services Access Network Chapter 2 System Composition
Chapter 2 System Composition
2.1 HONET Software Structure
Figure 2–1 shows the software structure of the HONET system. The HONET software
consists of board software and host software.
Serial port Telnet

NMS
terminal
Inband/outband Serial port connection Inband/outband
HOST software
Communication control bus
Board Board Board

software 2 ... software
software 1 softwareN
HONET Software Architecture
Figure 2–1 HONET software architecture
I. Board software
Board software runs on a service board. It drives the board and implements service
management, data management, alarm management and diagnosis for the board.
II. Host software
Host software runs on the main control board. It consists of four planes as shown in
Figure 2–2. The name and functions of each plane are as follows:
z System support plane: It drives the system hardware.
z System service plane: It provides basic services for the software running. Its
fundamental module is the operating system.
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z System management plane: It provides users with means to manage the device
and services.
z Service control plane: It interprets user commands and provides various services.
This plane consists of three parts: voice control sub-plane, ATM control sub-plane
and IP control sub-plane.
Service control plane
IP control sub-
Voice control sub-
System management plane

plane
System support plane
plane
ATM control sub-
plane
System service plane
Figure 2–2 Host software structure
2.2 Introduction to the MD5500
The MD5500 is located at the central office end. It provides various network interfaces
to send the traffic to the upper layer network.
2.2.1 Logical Structure
Figure 2–3 shows the logical structure of the MD5500. The MD5500 consists of the
following:
z Main control module,
z TDM/ATM switching module
z Packet voice processing module
z TDM, ATM and IP service processing modules
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To iManager N2000
Main control module
Packet voice
TDM switching ATM switching
processing
module module
module
TDM bus
Low speed cell bus
High speed cell bus
V5 E1 IMA E1 ATM E3 STM-1/4 VP Ring FE/GE

TDM service IP service
processing ATM service processing module processing
module module
To IP
To PSTN and DDN To ATM
Figure 2–3 MD5500 logical structure
The main control module, the TDM switching module and the ATM switching module
are the core of the system. The main control module controls and manages the whole
HONET system. The TDM switching module implements narrowband services
switching through the TDM switching fabric. The ATM switching module implements
broadband services switching through the ATM switching fabric.
The packet voice processing module accomplishes TDM service packetization. There
are two packetization modes. One is to convert the TDM data flow into ATM cells; the
other is to convert the voice traffic flow into IP packets. In the second mode, the system
supports H.248 protocol.
The TDM, ATM and IP service processing modules can provide upstream ports to
connect network-side equipment or downstream ports to connect remote ONUs.
2.2.2 Frame Structure
The MD5500 has two models, the MD5500B and the MD5500G.
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I. MD5500B
The MD5500B is a 10U frame, including one 1U fan frame. The frame fits the 19-inch
cabinet.
The MD5500B has a multi-bus high speed backplane, which provides 16 slots. Slots 7
and 8 are for the main control board (ASXA), which manages the service boards and
implements service configuration and switching functions. Other slots are for service
boards, which provide various service interfaces.
A low speed service board can be installed in any of the slots (except slots 7 and 8). A
high speed service board can only be installed in slots 9 to 15. All boards are hot
swappable and the service boards can be flexibly configured. Section “2.2.4 Supported
Boards” provides more information about service boards.
Figure 2–4 shows the structure of the MD5500B frame.
FAN
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
Service Board
A A
S S
X X
ASX: Main control board. For the MD5500B, it is ASXA; for the MD5500G, it is ASXB
Figure 2–4 MD5500 frame structure
II. MD5500G
The MD5500G is developed on the basis of the MD5500B. It adopts large TDM
capacity backplane and ASXB as its main control board. It provides 16k x 16k TDM
switch fabric.
The MD5500G and the MD5500B have the same size and structure.
2.2.3 Frame Hardware Design
Figure 2–5 shows the hardware design of the MD5500.
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The backplane of the MD5500 has three buses. The functions of respective bus are as
follows:
z High speed cell bus is responsible for the communication of high speed service
boards such as AIC, IPU and EPU.
z Low speed cell bus is responsible for the communication of low speed service
boards such as CESH, EA16, AIUA, IMU and VPU.
z TDM bus is responsible for the communication of boards such as CESH, DT16,
MSUC and VPU, which handle TDM services.
The main control board ASX connects all three buses. It manages various service
boards.
Low speed interface
Maintenance
network interface / serial port C M
A A E D
E S
S S A T
Environment S U
X X 16 16
monitoring interface H C
TDM bus
Low speed cell bus
High speed cell bus
A A
I E I V
I I
P P M P
C U
U U U U
A A
High speed interface Low speed interface
Figure 2–5 MD5500 hardware structure
2.2.4 Supported Boards
The boards used in the MD5500 include the main control board and the service board.
The main control board can be ASXA or ASXB. It is installed in slot 7 or slot 8. It can be
dual configured to work in active/standby mode.
The service board includes high speed service board and low speed service board. A
high speed service board can be installed in any of slots 9 to 15. A low speed service
board can be installed in any slot except slots 7 and 8.
Table 2–1 lists details about all boards used in the MD5500.
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Table 2–1 List of boards used in the MD5500
Category Name Function Description

Main control and It controls all service boards, and provides 5G
ASXA switching combo non-blocking ATM switch fabric and 4Kx4K TDM
board switch fabric. It is used in the MD5500B.
Main control The functions of the ASXB are the same as that of the
board Main control and ASXA. The difference between them lies in the
ASXB switching combo capacity of TDM switch fabric. The ASXB provides
board 16Kx16K TDM switch fabric. It is used in the
MD5500G.
It can provide various ATM ports including 155 Mbit/s
ATM high speed
AICA optical ports, 622 Mbit/s optical ports and 155 Mbit/s
interface board
electrical ports.
High speed
IP service
service IPU It can provide eight FE ports or one GE port.
processing board
board
It implements layer 2 transparent transmission of
Ethernet service
EPU broadband services. It can provide eight FE ports or
processing board
one GE port.
It converts TDM voice into IP packets and transmit

VoIP service
VPU them to the IP network through the FE port. It provides
processing board
one FE port.
E1 circuit It supports SDT (N×64k) UDTCES services and ATM

CESH
emulation board UNI services. It provides 16 E1 ports.
E1 ATM UNI It supports the access of E1 trunk services. It provides
EA16
interface board 16 E1 ATM UNI ports.
Low speed
Trunk-only E1 It supports E1 trunk function, and supports HDLC. It
service DT16
interface board provides 16 E1 ports.
board
STM-1 interface It provides two STM-1 ports to access high density E1
MSUC
board services.
ATM low speed It can provide eight E1 ports or two E3 ports for
AIUA
interface board remote subtending.
It supports transmitting ATM cells over E1 links at
IMA protocol
IMU ATM UNI/IMA mode. It implements IMA protocol
processing board
processing. It provides 16 E1 ports.
2.2.5 Peripheral Devices
I. Power supply system
The MD5500 can use the PS4845/15 (220 V/110 V) or –48 V DC power distribution
frame as required to supply power to the whole system.
1) PS4845/15 (220 V/110 V) power system
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The PS4845/15 (220 V/110 V) is a front-access frame. It is a 3U frame. It fits the 19-inch
cabinet. The system consists of rectifier module, monitoring module and power
distribution module. The rectifier module uses embedded fans for heat dissipation. The
power system is cabled at its front. The PS4845/15 (220 V/110 V) power system
provides reliable system power supply, DC distribution function, powerful monitoring
function over environment and power supply and outstanding battery management
function.
2) DC power distribution frame
When powered by –48 V power supply, the OLT cabinet needs to be equipped with an
imbedded DC power distribution frame. There are two types of DC power distribution
frames. One is rear-access and the other is front-access. Both of them are 19-inch
frames of 2U height. A DC power distribution frame provides two –48 V DC power
inputs and four power outputs with a maximum power of 3500 W.
II. Power supply and environment monitoring unit
Designed with powerful environment monitoring function, the HONET can monitor the
environment parameters inside/outside the OLT and ONU cabinets, power supply and
fans. The monitoring function enables unattended maintenance for the equipment
room. At the OLT side, the environment monitoring units include:
z Power supply and environment monitoring unit
z Power distribution frame monitoring unit
z Fan frame monitoring unit
1) Power supply and environment monitoring unit
The PS4845/15 power supply and environment monitoring unit monitors the working
status of all rectifier modules and power distribution module, and manages the battery.
It has powerful environment monitoring function. This unit communicates with the
MD5500 through a serial port.
z Environment monitoring: The unit monitors temperature, humidity, cable
distribution frame and door access control. It also provides 5 backup analog input
interfaces and 12 backup digital input interfaces. These interfaces can be
connected with external sensors through extended interfaces to monitor the fan
running state, battery temperature, smoke, door status and water.
z Module switch control: The unit can start or shut down a rectifier module.
z Battery management: The unit performs power ON/OFF management to the load
or the battery, charging and current limiting management to the battery based on
the monitored voltage.
z Power supply monitoring: The unit can monitor parameters of the power
distribution module and rectifier module of the power system, including
– AC input voltage
– DC output voltage
– Total load current
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– Current of battery group

– Circuit breaker status
– Load power-off status
– Battery power-off status
– Working status of rectifier module
2) Power distribution frame monitoring unit
The DC power distribution frame has a built-in monitoring unit. The unit communicates
with the MD5500 through a serial port to monitor the power states of the power
distribution frame, as well as the environment around the power distribution frame
through the temperature and humidity sensors and external digital sensors.
z Lightning protection detection: The monitoring unit provides an optical coupling
isolation detecting interface for monitoring the state of the lightning protection
components.
z Voltage detection: The monitoring unit detects the voltage of the –48 V power
inputs of the standard power distribution frame, and reports the voltage values.
When overvoltage or undervoltage occurs to any input, the unit will generate
alarms.
z Shunt switch detection: The monitoring unit performs detection for four outputs of
the power distribution frame. If the shunt switch is disconnected, the unit will
generate alarms.
z Environment monitoring: The monitoring unit monitors temperature and humidity
in the power distribution frame, and provides eight digital interfaces for external
sensors to monitor the status of water, door access control and main distribution
frame.
z Local audio and visual alarm: On the panel of the monitoring unit, there are Light
Emitting Diode (LED) indicators that denote the running states and the existence
of alarms, and a buzzer that makes audio alarm when there is a new alarm.
3) Fan frame monitoring unit
The HONET can communicate with the fan frame through the backplane of the
MD5500 to monitor one or more fan frames at the same time.
The fan frame has a built-in monitoring unit that monitors the running status of a fan.
When any fault occurs to the fan, the unit will generate an alarm. The monitoring unit
executes commands delivered by the MD5500 to control the fans and perform alarm
setting (for example, speed adjustment and fan alarm control). The monitoring unit can
keep the voltage of the power supply to fans within the allowable range, thus ensuring
that the fans can work reliably for a long term.
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2.3 Introduction to the UA5000 and Other ONUs
The ONU is the remote equipment of the HONET system. It is located at the subscriber
side. It provides subscribers with various service interfaces, processes optical signals
and provides optical trunk function as well.
2.3.1 Logical Structure
There is a variety of ONUs in the HONET system. Here we take the UA5000 as an
example to describe their logical structure. The UA5000 consists of following modules:
z TDM control and switching module
z Packet control and switching module
z Packet voice processing module
z Network interface module
z Service interface module
See Figure 2–6.
TDM control Packet voice Packet control

and switching processing and switching
module module module
TDM bus
High speed bus
E1 STM-1 POTS V.24 Nx64k ADSL Ethernet

VP Ring ISDN V.35 E1 ADSL2+
ATM E3 TDM SHDSL VDSL
IMA E1 ATM SHDSL
Network FE/GE
interface Service interface module
module
Figure 2–6 UA5000 logical structure
z The TDM control and switching module implements the switching and
convergence of narrowband services through the TDM switching fabric.
z The packet control and switching module implements the switching and
convergence of broadband services through the packet switching fabric.
z The packet voice processing module converts TDM data flow into ATM cells; or it
converts the TDM data flow into IP packets.
z The network interface module provides various network interfaces including ATM
STM-1, ATM E3, V5, TDM E1, IMA E1, VP ring, FE and GE ports.
z The service interface module provides various service interfaces including POTS,
ISDN BRI (2B+D), ISDN (30B+D), V.24 sub-rate, V.24/V.35 64 kbit/s, V.35/FE1
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Nx64 kbit/s, E1, ADSL, ADSL2+, VDSL, SHDSL (TDM/ATM), 10Base-T, 2/4-wire
VF and E&M trunk interfaces.
2.3.2 Frame Structure
The HONET provides a broad range of ONUs for applications in different scenarios.
The differences among these ONUs lie in application site (indoor and outdoor),
specifications (cabinet-shape and case-shape), cabling mode (front-access and
rear-access) and capacity (large capacity and small capacity).
The UA5000 includes five types of frames to fit different cabinets. They are UAM, UAS,
UAFM, UAFS and UAFX.
This section focuses on the ONU frames. For details about the boards used in these
frames, refer to section “2.3.4 Supported Boards”.
Table 2–2 lists the ONU frame specifications.
Table 2–2 ONU frame specifications
Max. service board

Name Applicable in Type
slots
UAM 9 19-inch cabinet Master frame
UAS 13 19-inch cabinet Slave frame
19-inch cabinet, F01D200 /
UAFM 10 F01D500 / F01D1000 Front-access master frame
cabinet
19-inch cabinet, F01D200 /
UAFS 13 F01D500 / F01D1000 Front-access slave frame
cabinet
UAFX 6 F01D100 cabinet Front-access
PV8-6 5 ONU-160B –
PV8-10 11 19-inch cabinet Master frame
PV8-12 12 19-inch cabinet Master frame
RSP-6 5 ONU-160B –
RSP-10 11 19-inch cabinet Slave frame
RSP-12 12 19-inch cabinet Slave frame
Slave frame, support only one
RSP-14 14 19-inch cabinet
power supply board
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I. UAM
The UAM is a 6U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It uses a multi-bus backplane to
implement equipment control and to provide subscriber interfaces. The UAM frame is
the control center. It performs service convergence for slave frames if these frames are
configured.
The UAM frame supports hot standby for narrowband main control board and
broadband main control board through respective dual-board configuration. It supports
load-sharing configuration for secondary power supply board through dual-board
configuration.
The UAM frame supports both broadband and narrowband service boards. If the UAM
frame is configured with only one secondary power supply board, it provides up to nine
slots for service boards. The UAM supports intermixed configuration for narrowband
and broadband service boards. The boards used in the UAM frame are of 6U height.
Figure 2–7 shows the structure of the UAM frame.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
A
I
P T X X X X X H P P X X U X X X P
W S S S S S S W V V P P / S S S W
X S L L L L L C X X M M X L L L X
S
L
PWX: Secondary power supply board TSS: Test board

XSL: Service board PVX: Narrowband main control board (PV8 or PVU)
AIU: ATM interface board XPM: Broadband main control board (APM or IPM)
Figure 2–7 UAM frame structure
Note:
A PWX board occupies the space of two slots. If you install a PWX board in slot 17, slot 16 will be
unavailable; or you can install a service board in slot 16.
II. UAS
The UAS is a 6U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It uses a multi-bus backplane. It can
be equipped with narrowband and broadband service boards at the same time. It can
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work under the control of UAM frame or work independently. If an ONU is only required
to provide broadband service, you can configure the ONU with a UAS frame only, and
connect it with the MD5500.
The UAS can be equipped with two narrowband main control boards and one
broadband main control board. These two narrowband main control boards (RSP)
operate in load-sharing and mutual-aid mode.
The UAS provides 13 service board slots. Among them, slot 17 supports narrowband
service board only, while other slots are compatible for both narrowband and
broadband service boards.
Figure 2–8 shows the structure of the UAS frame.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
P T X X X X X H R R X X X X X X X
W S S S S S S W S S P S S S S S S
X S L L L L L C P P M L L L L L L

XSL: Service board RSP: Narrowband Main control board
XPM: Broadband main control board (APM or IPM)
Figure 2–8 UAS frame structure
III. UAFM
The UAFM is an 11U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It supports hot standby for
narrowband main control board and broadband main control board through respective
dual-board configuration.
The UAFM supports load-sharing configuration for secondary power supply board
through dual-board configuration. If only one secondary power supply board is
configured, there are 10 slots available for service boards.
The UAFM supports intermixed configuration for narrowband and broadband service
boards. The boards used in the UAFM frame are of 6U height.
Figure 2–9 shows the structure of the UAFM frame.
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H H
PWR W W
IO C C Cabling Area
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
A
I
P T X X P P U X X X X X X X X X P
W S P P V V / S S S S S S S S S W
X S M M X X X L L L L L L L L L X
S
L
FAN

XPM: Broadband main control board (APM or IPM) XSL: Service board
PVX: Narrowband main control board (PV8 or PVU) AIU: ATM interface board
Figure 2–9 UAFM frame structure
Note:
IV. UAFS
The UAFS is an 11U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It can be equipped with two
narrowband main control boards and one broadband main control board for slave
frame. These two narrowband main control boards operate in load-sharing and
mutual-aid mode.
The UAFS provides 13 service board slots. Among them, slot 17 supports narrowband
service board only, while other slots are compatible for both narrowband and
broadband service boards
Figure 2–10 shows the structure of the UAFS frame.
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PWR
IO Cabling Area
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
P X R R X X X X X X X X X X X X X
W P S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
X M P P L L L L L L L L L L L L L
FAN
PWX: Secondary power supply board RSP: Narrowband main control board
XPM: Broadband main control board (APM or IPM) XSL: Service board
Figure 2–10 UAFS frame structure
V. UAFX
The UAFX fits the ONU-F01D100 cabinet. The UAFX integrates AC/DC 4810 module
and DC/DC 4805 module. It supports dual-board configuration of narrowband main
control board in hot standby mode.
The UAFX provides up to six service board slots. These service board slots are
compatible for both narrowband and broadband service boards.
Figure 2–11 shows the structure of the UAFX frame.
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4 E
8 Cabling Area
S
0
C
5
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09
4
8
1 T X P P X X X X X X
0 S P V V S S S S S S
S M X X L L L L L L
PWR
IO
FAN
ESC: Environment monitoring & power supervision board

XPM: Broadband main control board (APM or IPM)
PVX: Narrowband main control board (PV8 or PVU)
XSL: Service board AIU: ATM interface board
4805/4810: Power supply board
Figure 2–11 UAFX frame structure
VI. PV8-6
The PV8-6 frame fits the outdoor ONU-160B cabinet. It can be equipped with five
narrowband service boards and one plug-in SDH device ASU.
Figure 2–12 shows the structure of the PV8-6 frame.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
T A X X X X X P
S S S S S S S V
S U L L L L L 8
TSS: Test board ASU: SDH transmission board

XSL: Narrowband service board PV8: Narrowband main control board
Figure 2–12 PV8-6 frame structure
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VII. PV8-10
The PV8-10 is 6U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It can subtend eight RSP-14 slave
frames through differential Highway (HW) cables. The HW interfaces are provided by
the HW level conversion board HWC. The PV8-10 provides also testing utilities for the
RSP frames.
The PV8-10 frame provides up to 11 narrowband service board slots when it is

configured with one PWX board.
Figure 2–13 shows the structure of PV8-10 frame.

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
P T X X X X X H P P X X X X X X P
W S S S S S S W V V S S S S S S W
X S L L L L L C 8 8 L L L L L L X

XSL: Narrowband service board HWC: HW level conversion board
PV8: Narrowband main control board
Note:
VIII. PV8-12
The PV8-12 is a 6U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It can subtend eight RSP-12 slave
frames. When there are more than four subtending RSP frames, the HWT subboard is
attached to the PV8 board to provide differential HW interfaces.
The PV8-12 frame provides up to 12 narrowband service board slots when it is

configured with one PWX board.
Figure 2–14 shows the structure of PV8-12 frame.
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00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
P T X X X X X X P P X X X X X X P
W S S S S S S S V V S S S S S S W
X S L L L L L L 8 8 L L L L L L X

XSL: Narrowband service board PV8: Narrowband main control board
Note:
IX. RSP-6
The RSP-6 frame fits the outdoor ONU-160B cabinet. It can be equipped with five
narrowband service boards and one plug-in SDH device ASU.
Figure 2–15 shows the structure of the RSP-6 frame.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
T A X X X X X R
S S S S S S S S
S U L L L L L P
TSS: Test board ASU: SDH transmission board

XSL: Narrowband service board RSP: Narrowband main control board
Figure 2–15 RSP-6 frame structure
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X. RSP-10
The RSP-10 is a 6U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It provides up to 11 narrowband

service board slots when it is configured with one PWX board. Slot 8 is reserved.
Figure 2–16 shows the structure of RSP-10 frame.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
P T X X X X X R R X X X X X X P
W S S S S S S S S S S S S S S W
X S L L L L L P P L L L L L L X

Note:
XI. RSP-12
The RSP-12 is a 6U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It provides up to 12 narrowband

service board slots when it is configured with one PWX board.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
P T X X X X X X R R X X X X X X P
W S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S W
X S L L L L L L P P L L L L L L X

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Note:
XII. RSP-14
The RSP-14 is a 6U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It provides 14 narrowband service
board slots.
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
P X X X X X X X R R X X X X X X X
W S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
X L L L L L L L P P L L L L L L L
PWX: Secondary power supply board XSL: Narrowband service board

RSP: Narrowband main control board
2.3.3 Frame Hardware Design
I. UAM and UAFM
The UAM and the UAFM are master frames of the UA5000. They are controlled by the
MD5500 or connect broadband and narrowband networks directly in the single-layer
networking mode.
The UAM and the UAFM can connect slave frames to expand the system capacity and
to share the network resources. For broadband services, they can be subtended with
4-layer broadband slave frames in serial mode. For narrowband services, they can be
subtended with up to eight slave frames at star topology.
The narrowband service boards transmit services of the subscriber side to the
narrowband main control board (PV8) through TDM bus. After the protocol processing
and time slot crossing, the PV8 sends these services to the service node. Through the
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control bus, the active PV8 monitors the service boards, test board (TSS) and standby
PV8. The TSS implements test function for the service boards through the test bus,
reports the test results to the active PV8. The PV8 will then forward the results to the
master control software of the MD5500.
The broadband service boards send broadband services to the broadband main control
board (APMA/IPMA). The APMA/IMPA sends the services upstream through IMA E1,
ATM E3, STM-1 ATM, STM-4 VP Ring, FE or GE port. The APMA/IPMA maintains the
broadband service boards.
When the UA5000 acts as a component of the NGN, another type of narrowband main
control board (PVM) converts the TDM signals of all narrowband service data into IP
packets. The IPMA then sends these packets upstream through FE or GE ports to the
IP networks along with broadband services.
There is another type of broadband service boards (BSL/B08/LSL) available for the
UA5000. These boards receive broadband services and transmit them to transmission
system through their E1 ports. These boards are configured and maintained by the
MD5500 through the inband network management channel.
The broadband and narrowband service data are converged and transmitted through
different lines to ensure that instant broadband large data flow will not affect the
narrowband services.
Figure 2–19 shows the hardware design of the master frame.
STM-1
VP Ring
ATM E3 STM-1
FE IMA E1 ATM E3
E1 GE/FE IMA E1 E1
APMA/IPMA
APMA/IPMA
PV8/PVM
PV8/PVM
A
H Differential
I interface
U W
A C
TDM bus
Packet bus
Test bus
D
T A D C H A V B
E S
S S S S S D D
H L
S L L L L L L
A
Subscriber line
Figure 2–19 Hardware structure of UA5000 master frame
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II. UAS and UAFS
The UAS and UAFS are slave frames of the UA5000.
The slave frame handles narrowband services through its narrowband main control
board (RSP). The RSP converges the received narrowband services through TDM bus
and sends them upstream through Highway (HW) or E1 port.
The slave frame processes broadband services through its broadband main control
board (APMA/IPMA). The APMA/IPMA converges received broadband services
through packet bus and sends them upstream through IMA E1, ATM E3, STM-1 ATM,
STM-4 VP Ring, FE or GE port.
The UA5000 slave frame can also house the broadband service boards (BSL/B08/LSL)
to provide small amount of ADSL interfaces. These boards receive broadband services
and transmit them to transmission system through their E1 ports.
Figure 2–20 shows the hardware design of the slave frame.
STM-1
VP Ring
ATM E3
IMA E1
E1
FE/GE
APMA/IPMA
Differential R R
interface S S
P P
TDM bus
Packet bus
Test bus
A D C H A A V B
S S S S D D D S
L L L L L M L L
Subscriber line
Figure 2–20 Hardware structure of UA5000 slave frame
III. PV8
The PV8 frame here refers to PV8-6, PV8-10 or PV8-12 frame. A PV8 frame can
subtend RSP frames to expand system capacity and share inter-frame resources. It
provides 32 differential HW interfaces through the HWC board to connect up to eight
RSP frames to scale up the ONU capacity. Each RSP frame consumes four or eight
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HW interfaces. Since the HW resources are sufficient, the PV8 frame can share them
with the extended RSP frames.
The narrowband service boards process various subscriber services and transmit them
to the PV8 board through the HW data bus. After the protocol processing and time slot
crossing, the services are converged to the service node. Through the control bus, the
active PV8 board monitors service boards, TSS board and standby PV8 board. The
TSS implements test to the service boards through the test bus, reports the test results
to the active PV8 board through the control bus, and forwards the results to the control
software of the MD5500 in the mean time.
Figure 2–21 shows the hardware design of the PV8 frame.
E1 E1 E1
P P H Differential
V V W interface
8 8 C
TDM bus
Packet bus
Test bus
T A D H B
S S S S S
S L L L L
Subscriber line
Figure 2–21 Hardware structure of PV8 frame
IV. RSP
The RSP frame here refers to RSP-6, RSP-12 or RSP-14 frame. A RSP frame can
share E1 ports of the PV8 frame through HW cables, or connect the transmission unit
directly through E1 ports.
The RSP board converges and transmits various narrowband services from the
subscriber boards to the PV8 frame through HW data bus, or to the transmission unit
through E1 ports.
The TSS implements the routine test for the service boards through the test bus, and
reports the results to the RSP board through the control bus.
Figure 2–22 shows the hardware design of the RSP frame.
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E1 E1
R R Differential
S S interface
P P
Data bus
Control bus
Test bus
T A D H B
S S S S S
S L L L L
Subscriber line
Figure 2–22 Hardware structure of RSP frame
2.3.4 Supported Boards
Table 2–3 lists the main control boards, transmission boards, monitor and test boards,
power supply boards, interface boards and HW level conversion boards used in the
ONU.
Table 2–4 lists the service boards used in the ONU.
Table 2–3 List of boards used in the ONU (I)

It supports active/standby backup. It controls and
switches ATM services. It has two subboard slots.
ATM service
The upper one can be equipped with a subboard
H601APM processing board
to provide two STM-1 ports or two STM-4 ports
A of the master
(VP Ring). The lower one can be equipped with a
frame
subboard to provide eight ATM E1 ports, eight
IMA E1 ports or two ATM E3 ports.
IP service
It supports active/standby backup. It controls and
Main control processing board
H601IPMA switches IP services. It provides FE and GE ports
board of the master
for service upstream or subtending.
frame
It converts TDM voice signals into IP packets. It
supports the processing of H.248 and MGCP
protocols. A PVM board provides 64 full rate voice
Packet voice
H601PVM channels. It can be attached with a subboard to
processing board
provide extra 64 or 128 full rate voice channels. It
provides two FE ports for service upstream and
device maintenance.
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It is the. It controls narrowband service boards in
an ONU. It provides E1 upstream ports, switch
fabric and working clock for narrowband services.
Narrowband main It supports active/standby backup.
H303PV8 control board of
the master frame The H303PV8 board provides eight E1 ports. It
also provides 32 differential highway (HW)
interfaces. It can subtend RSP frame through
either E1 ports or HW interfaces.
Main control One or two such boards can be installed into one
board frame. If there are two H303RSP boards in the
frame, they shall work in the load sharing mode,
and support mutual aid in case of failure of either
Narrowband main board.
H303RSP control board of
the slave frame Each H303RSP board provides four E1 ports and
eight differential HW interfaces. It can converge
TTL HW interfaces to E1 links or differential HW
interfaces. The convergence ratio can be 1:1, 1:2
or 1:4.
It integrates all functions of an SDH transmission
Built-in SDH
device. It provides 2 STM-1 optical ports, 16 E1
transmission board
H302ASU ports, 1 order wire port, 1 RS-232 port and 1
for PV8 or RSP
Ethernet port. It provides three clock locking mode
frame
and is capable of full service switching.
Transmission
board It is the. It integrates all functions of an SDH
H601ATUA transmission device. The H601ATUA provides 2
Built-in SDH
STM-1 optical ports and 16 E1 ports. The
transmission board
H601ATUB provides 2 STM-1 optical ports and 8
for UA5000 frame
H601ATUB E1 ports. Both of them provide 1 order wire
telephone port, 1 RS-232 port and 1 Ethernet port.
It tests the analog subscriber interface (Z
interface) and digital subscriber interface (U
CC08TSS / Subscriber test interface). The board provides two testing
CC09TSS board channels. It provides a serial port for maintenance
Monitor & test and printing. It provides testing bus interface to
board interconnect with subscriber line test equipment.
Environment It monitors the status of ambient temperature,
H303ESC / monitoring and humidity, access control, fan and power supply. It
H304ESC power supervision communicates with the PV8 board through serial
board port.
The CC03PWX provides +5V/10A, –5V/5A and
75V AC/0.4A outputs. Two boards in one frame
work in load sharing mode.
The H601PWX is improved based on the
CC03PWX Secondary power CC03PWX board by adding the reset function
Power board
/ H601PWX supply board when a module is locked due to output
over-voltage. Besides, it has the functions of
auto-detection, even current, and real-time
communication with background. It provides
+5V/30A, –5V/10A and 75V AC/1A outputs.
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It provides two STM-1 port through its front panel,
ATM interface ATM interface two ATM E3 ports or eight IMA E1 ports through
H601AIUA
board board its backplane. It is used for subtending of the
UA5000.
It is the. It provides 32 differential HW interfaces to
H301HWC
Differential HW expand HW resource of PV8 board.
Others level conversion It is the differential HW level conversion board. It
H601HWC board provides 16 differential HW interfaces to expand
HW resource of PV8 board.
Table 2–4 List of boards used in the ONU (II)

They provide POTS ports.
Both CC0HASL and CC0IASL boards provide
32 POTS ports. One CC0HASL board can
provide 2 polarity reversal ports and one
CC0IASL board can provide 32 polarity
reversal ports. They can receive pulse and
dual tone frequency numbers.
CB36ASL, CB37ASL or CC09ASL provides
CB36ASL/ 16 POTS ports.
CB37ASL/ CB36ASL can provide polarity reversal and
Narrowband Analog subscriber
CC09ASL/ 16/12KC charging signals. It supports
service board board
CC0HASL/ adjusting its interface impedance, level and
CC0IASL feeding mode through software.
The only difference between CB37ASL and
CB36ASL is that CB37ASL does not support
16/12KC charging signals.
CC09ASL supports common subscriber
service, coin line service, pre-paid service,
extra remote subscriber, polarity reversal and
16KC charging signal, pulse and dual tone
frequency number receiving.
They provides eight 2B+D ports.
CB02DSL and CB03DSL support standard
ISDN BRA services and MTA access. They
CB03DSL / Digital subscriber support per port configuration, that is, the
CB03DSL board working mode of any port of a board can be
configured independently.
CB03DSL supports remote feeding while
CB02DSL doesn’t.
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Synchronous high It supports N×64kbit/s data access service. It

H302HSL speed line interface provides two V.35 ports and two FE1 ports in
board the rate of N×64kbit/s (1≤N≤31).
It supports N×64kbit/s and E1 service access.

It features long transmission reach.
H303HSL provides two E1 ports and two
SHDSL ports. The SHDSL ports can be
TDM based SHDSL connected with SHDSL terminals, which
H303HSL
interface board provide V.35 or E1 ports. For terminals
providing V.35 ports, the n value ranges from
3 to 32.
H303HSL is downward compatible with
H302HSL.
Narrowband It supports 2/4-wire VF functions. Each board
2/4-wire VF interface
service board CB02VFB provides 16 2-wire VF interfaces or 8 4-wire
board
VF interfaces.
Direct dialing-in It provides 16 DDI ports. It enables
CC01CDI (DDI) subscriber transparent transmission of analog subscriber
interface board ports.
It provides six 2/4-wire E&M ports. Each port
can provide 2/4-wire voice frequency line and
H301ATI / 2/4-wire E&M trunk 1E1M signaling line.
H601ATI interface board The board connects to the peer end
H301ATI/H601ATIA board through the SPC
of the access network.
It provides 16 E1 ports for E1 private line
Broadband CES E1 interface access and ISDN PRI access. It implements
H601DEHA
service board board E1 UDT CES. It can achieve E1 private line
interconnection between UA5000s.
It provides 16 ATM SHDSL ports. It supports
various service types including CBR, UBR,
ATM-based SHDSL rt-VBR and nrt-VBR.
H601SDLA
interface board
The board also provides an RS-232 serial port
for maintenance.
It supports the access of TDM-based SHDSL
TDM-based SHDSL
H521SDL services. It provides four SHDSL ports and
interface board
four E1 ports.
ADSL interface
H601ADLA board with built-in It provides 16 ADSL ports.
splitter
ADSL2+ interface
It provides 16 ADSL2+ ports. The ports are
H602ADMA board with built-in
ADSL/ADSL2+ auto adaptive.
splitter
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VDSL interface
H601VDLA board with built-in It provides 16 VDSL ports.
splitter
ADSL and POTS
combo interface
H601CSLA It provides 16 ADSL ports and 16 POTS ports.
board with built-in
splitter
H521BSLA provides 16 ADSL ports and 4 E1
H521BSLA ADSL interface ports. It needs external splitter.
Standalone / H521B08A board H521B08A provides 8 ADSL ports and 4 E1
service board* ports. It has built-in splitter.
It is used along with H521BSLA board. It is
H521SPLN 16-port ADSL splitter
plugged on the rear of the backplane.
H E1 signal transfer It can transfer E1 signals of H521BSLA or
H521EC08
board H521B08A board to the backplane.
Ethernet interface It provides four 10 Mbit/s Ethernet ports and
H521LSL
board four E1 upstream ports.
It integrates all functions of an SDH
Built-in SDH transmission device. It provides 2 STM-1
transmission board optical ports, 16 E1 ports, 1 order wire port, 1
H302ASU
Standalone for PV8 or RSP RS-232 port and 1 Ethernet port. It provides
service board* frame three clock locking mode and is capable of full
service switching.
H601ATUA It is the. It integrates all functions of an SDH
transmission device. The H601ATUA
Built-in SDH provides 2 STM-1 optical ports and 16 E1
transmission board ports. The H601ATUB provides 2 STM-1
H601ATUB for UA5000 frame optical ports and 8 E1 ports. Both of them
provide 1 order wire telephone port, 1 RS-232
port and 1 Ethernet port.
*A standalone service board can be plugged in any service board slot.
2.3.5 Peripheral Devices
I. Power supply system
The power supply system used by the UA5000 includes PS4820/05, PS4840/10,
PS4845/15, PS4875/15 (220 V/110 V) and –48 V DC power distribution frame.
1) PS4820/05 power supply system
The PS4820/05 power supply system consists of rectifier HD4825-5 and environment
monitoring unit H302ESC. It can provide a maximum of 20 A current and 1130 W power.
The PS4820/05 power supply system features stable and reliable running, flexible
configuration and outstanding monitoring management.
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2) PS4840/10 power supply system

The PS4840/10 power supply is a 4U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It is composed of
rectifier modules, monitoring unit and environment monitoring unit. It can provide a
maximum of 40 A current and 2260 W power. The PS4840/10 power supply features
stable and reliable running, flexible configuration and outstanding monitoring
management.
3) PS4875/15power supply system (220 V/110 V)
The PS4875/15 power supply system is a 6U frame. It fits the 19-inch cabinet. It is
composed of one to five rectifiers, one monitoring unit and power distribution module.
Every rectifier provides 15 A power output. The maximum output power of the
PS4845/15 is 4200 W. Besides, the PS4845/15 power supply system offers powerful
environment and power supply monitoring function.
4) Other power supply systems
The PS4845/15 (220 V/110 V) power supply system and –48 V DC power distribution
frame have been presented in the previous section introducing the MD5500. For details,
refer to the section “2.2.5 Peripheral Devices”.
II. Power supply and environment monitoring unit
The HONET has powerful environment monitoring function, by which, the equipment
can monitor the environment parameters inside/outside of the ONU cabinet, power
supply and fans, thus realizing the unattended maintenance for the equipment room.
According to different network requirements and equipment application cases, the

HONET supports different environment and power monitoring equipment to monitor the
environment parameters and power supply. In the ONU, the monitoring equipment
includes independent environment monitoring board (H304ESC), environment
monitoring box and power supply monitoring unit, and built-in monitoring boards for
power distribution frame and fan frame.
1) H304ESC environment monitoring board
The H304ESC can communicate with the MD5500 or RSP/PV8 through serial port. The
H304ESC has powerful and flexible environment monitoring ability. It can monitor eight
channels of analog signals and 22 channels of digital signals at the same time, as well
as multiple types of intelligent power supply through the serial port. Detailed functions
of the H304ESC are as follows.
z The H304ESC has built-in temperature and humidity sensors used to monitor the
temperature and humidity in the cabinet. It also provides six analog signal
interfaces to connect external analog sensors. For each monitoring signal, the
alarm upper/lower limit and the sensor properties can be set.
z The H304ESC monitors the power distribution frame and door access control, and
provides 20 digital sensor interfaces to connect various external digital sensors,
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such as infrared ray sensor, smoke sensor and waterlogging sensor. The external
sensor adopts 12 V/24 V power supply, and outputs signals using main contact
point output and current output. You can define the sensor signals and set the
alarm level.
z Fan monitoring: The H304ESC provides the fan frame with power supply interface,
controls the fan switch and performs automatic control according to the detected
temperature. Meanwhile, it can monitor the running status of each fan through the
fan monitoring unit.
z Intelligent control output interface: The H304ESC provides two control interfaces
isolated by optical coupling. Through these two interfaces, the H303ESC can
receive the commands from the NMS to control the connection and disconnection
of the external intelligent equipment of subscribers.
z Intelligent power supply monitoring: The H304ESC can monitor and manage
multiple types of intelligent power supplies through its serial port.
z Battery management function.
2) Environment monitoring box
The environment monitoring box is composed of the H304ESC (environment
monitoring board), the H601ESBB board (backplane), and the H601ESFB board (front
panel board). It monitors various environmental parameters including temperature,
humidity, smoke, water, access control, fan, power supply, and main distribution frame.
At the same time, it provides multiple kinds of extended monitoring interfaces. This unit
can be connected with the monitoring unit of the power distribution frame through the
serial port to monitor and control the power system together.
3) Power monitoring unit
The power monitoring unit monitors the real-time running data of the power supply, and
performs automatic management to the battery according to the set data. In addition, it
can read the set values of the running parameters of the power supply system or
perform setting and control to the power supply system according to the external
instructions.
In the whole environment monitoring system, the H303ESC is connected to the power
monitoring unit through a standard serial port. The power monitoring unit receives the
settings and control commands delivered by the NMS through the H304ESC.
4) Built-in monitoring board in standard power distribution frame
The board can monitor the power supply parameters, detect environment parameters
and provide eight digital parameter interfaces. The power supply parameters include
lightning protection components state, input voltage, output voltage, and shunt
protection switch state. The environment parameters include temperature and humidity
in the power distribution frame. The digital parameter interfaces are used to detect such
environment parameter signals as water, door access control and main distribution
frame.
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2.4 Optical Transmission System
The HONET uses three kinds of optical transmission systems. They are described as
follows:
z SDH optical networking using E1, IMA E1 or ATM E3 ports
z MSTP networking using E1, STM-1, FE or GE ports
z VP Ring networking using imbedded optical ports
The HONET can be equipped with built-in OptiX 155/622H optical transmission system.
The OptiX 155/622H is a case-shape STM-1/STM-4 transmission system. On the basis
of flexible networking and service scheduling ability of the SDH equipment, it provides
efficient transmission of ATM and IP services by adding ATM and IP service processing
modules.
I. Provided interfaces of the OptiX 155/622H
z SDH interface
z PDH interface
z Broadband service interface
z VF and asynchronous data interface
z Environment monitoring unit interface
z Clock I/O interface
z Power input interface
z Other supplementary interfaces
II. System features of the OptiX 155/622H
z Powerful multi-system supporting ability

z Flexible configuration
z Flexible networking capability
z Outstanding protection mechanism
z Excellent network management system
z Comprehensive power and environment monitoring function
z All-round synchronous status message (SSM) management function
z Powerful embedded control channel (ECC) processing capacity
z All-round data communication channel (DCC) transparent transmission function
2.5 NMS
The HONET supports command line interface (CLI) NMS. The CLI NMS can be
achieved using operating system attached programs like Telnet and HyperTerminal. It
doesn’t require installing extra NMS software.
The HONET also supports graphic user interface (GUI) NMS. It uses the iManager
N2000 Fixed Network Management System (iManager N2000), a GUI NMS developed
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by Huawei, to maintain its devices in an integrated manner. The iManager N2000

provides users with configuration, maintenance, alarm handling, monitoring and testing
functions for HONET equipment.
The iManager N2000 consists of different components to manage different equipment.

Among them, the HONET NMS component is integrated with the unified topology, fault,
performance and security functions provided by the iManager N2000 to maintain and
manage the HONET equipment and services.
Note:
For details about NMS, refer to the chapter “Network Management System”.
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HONET Integrated Services Access Network Chapter 3 Service Implementation
Chapter 3 Service Implementation
3.1 Overview
The HONET integrates the TDM, ATM, and IP technologies to provide various network
interfaces and subscriber interfaces. It supports abundant service functions, and
implements integrated access of narrowband and broadband services. It also enables
smooth migration of the access network to NGN through using VoIP technology.
This chapter details the implementation principles of HONET services in sequence of

traditional voice services, broadband access services, broadband and narrowband
leased line services, multicast service and self-networking technology VP Ring.
3.2 Traditional Voice Services
The traditional voice services have been the mainstream services of fixed network.
They include PSTN and ISDN services. The HONET supports a full range of the
traditional voice services such as POTS, Z interface extension, ISDN BRA and ISDN
PRA services.
3.2.1 POTS
The HONET provides POTS port at the UA5000 side through the ASL/A32 board,
which can support the access of both the analog subscriber and private branch
exchange (PBX). See Figure 3–1. It also supports supplementary services as Caller
Identification Display (CID) and Centrex services. The subscriber line signaling can be
Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) or line state signals. There is no limit to the
subscriber's supplementary services.
V5.1/V5.2 Twisted pair
LE MD5500 UA5000 POTS
Figure 3–1 POTS access
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3.2.2 Z Interface Extension Service
The HONET provides interfaces at the UA5000 side through the CDI board to connect
with analog subscriber interfaces (Z interface) of an exchange. The CDI interface and Z
interface can be connected through a semi-permanent connection (SPC) to realize
transparent extension of the Z interface inside the HONET.
See Figure 3–2.
Z interface Twisted pair
LE UA5000 UA5000 POTS
Figure 3–2 Z interface extension
The CDI board realizes the functions of an analog telephone set, which include ringing
current detection, closed loop control, polarity detection, feed detection, dialing (pulse
or tone phone), time slot dynamic occupation, signal tone detection, and call forwarding
by hooking.
3.2.3 ISDN BRA Service
The HONET provides ISDN BRI (2B+D) at the UA5000 side through DSL board. See
Figure 3–3. In the 2B+D mode, it supports narrowband ISDN (N-ISDN) services such
as video conferencing, videotex, G4 facsimile, E-mail, data information retrieval and
LAN interconnection. It also supports the mixed configuration of ISDN subscribers and
analog telephone subscribers, as well as 25 kinds of ISDN supplementary services,
including direct dial-in (DDI), multi-subscriber number (MSN), and calling line
identification presentation (CLIP).
TA
POTS
V5.1/V5.2 2B+D NT1

2B+D Terminal
ISDN Router
LE MD5500 UA5000
LAN
Figure 3–3 ISDN BRA service access
3.2.4 ISDN PRA Service
The HONET provides ISDN PRI (30B+D) at the MD5500 side through DT16 board, and
ISDN PRI (30B+D) interface at the UA5000 side through DEHA board. See Figure 3–4.
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The 30B+D service can be applied to video conferencing, videotex, E-mail box, dial-up
Internet access, PBX access and so on. It also supports various ISDN supplementary
services, such as DDI, MSN and CLIP.
V5.1/V5.2 30B+D
30B+D Terminal
POTS
LE MD5500 UA5000 PBX
Figure 3–4 ISDN PRA service access
3.3 NGN-Oriented Access Services
Integrating AG and SoftSwitch, the HONET offers Voice over IP (VoIP), Fax over IP
(FoIP), and Modem over IP (MoIP) services. The service features are as follows.
z VoIP service
The HONET supports the VoIP calling of POTS subscribers. It supports full spectrum of
PSTN basic services, supplementary services and intelligent services.
z FoIP service
The HONET supports IP Fax services. It implements the Fax functions specified in
ITU-T T.30 recommendations. It supports service transparent transmission at G.711
mode.
z MoIP service
The HONET supports service transparent transmission at G.711 mode.
The processes the HONET handles the services vary with the networking modes.
I. Two-layer networking
The HONET provides service interfaces at the UA5000. It converts TDM signals into IP
packets and sends them upstream to the IP network at the MD5500. The SoftSwitch
controls all callings. The MD5500 communicates with SoftSwitch through H.248
protocol.
See Figure 3–5.
Twisted pair
POTS (VoIP)
H.248 IP H.248 FAX over IP
network
FE/GE Modem over IP
SoftSwitch MD5500 UA5000
Figure 3–5 NGN oriented voice service access (two-layer networking)
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II. Single layer networking
The HONET provides service interfaces and converts the TDM signals into IP packets
at the UA5000. The SoftSwitch controls all callings. The UA5000 communicates with
SoftSwitch through H.248 protocol.
See Figure 3–6.
Twisted pair
POTS (VoIP)
H.248 IP H.248 FAX over IP
network
FE/GE Modem over IP
SoftSwitch UA5000
Figure 3–6 NGN oriented voice service access (single-layer networking)
3.4 Broadband Access Services
The HONET also supports broadband access services. The access means include
ADSL, VDSL and LAN. The UA5000 provides the ADSL, ADSL2+, VDSL and Ethernet
ports. The MD5500 provides the ATM port or IP port to connect with backbone network.
The HONET adopts the following procedures to handle subscriber services:

z Transmits the subscriber services transparently through AIC board
The MD5500 converges the broadband services from the UA5000 by means of ADSL,
VDSL and LAN, and transmits these services through ATM PVC to the ATM network
through the 155/622 Mbit/s ATM port provided by the AIC board.
z Transmits the subscriber services transparently through EPU board
The MD5500 converges the broadband services from the UA5000 by means of ADSL,
VDSL and LAN, and transmits these services to the upper layer IP equipment through
the FE/GE port provided by the EPU board.
z Implements Layer-3 routing and forwarding through IPU board
The IPU board transmits subscriber services upstream through IP port.
The MD5500 supports static routing and dynamic routing (RIP II and OSPF). The
following will detail the principles of ADSL, VDSL and LAN services.
3.4.1 ADSL Service
The UA5000 provides ADSL ports with different capacities through the ADL, CSL, and
BSL/B08 boards, and provides ADSL2+ ports through the ADMA board.
As shown in Figure 3–7, the UA5000 separates ADSL signals from POTS signals.
These signals are transmitted upstream to the MD5500 by the transmission system
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through E1 port or IMA E1 port, or by optical fiber through the STM-1 ATM port or VP
Ring optical port. Then, the MD5500 transmits them upstream to the ATM or IP network
through corresponding interface, thus providing broadband services.
ATM ATU-R POTS

network STM-1/ ADSL/ADSL2+
STM-4 PC
FE/GE ATU-R POTS
IP MD5500 UA5000 ADSL/ADSL2+

LAN
network
Figure 3–7 ADSL service access
The ADSL access mode supports IPoA and IPoEoA protocols. For different access
protocols, ATU-R adopts different working modes, including bridge mode (RFC1483B),
IPoA mode (RFC1483R) and PPP mode. The following is the detail.
z For bridge mode, the HONET supports IPoEoA protocol. It implements Layer-3
routing and forwarding, and Layer-2 Ethernet frame transparent transmission.
z For IPoA mode and PPP mode, the HONET implements service access and
forwarding to upper layer equipment.
3.4.2 VDSL Service
The UA5000 provides VDSL ports through VDLA board. See Figure 3–8.
The UA5000 separates the VDSL signals from the POTS signals. In the upstream
direction, it connects to the MD5500 through FE port using optical fiber. The MD5500
connects to ATM or IP network in the upstream to provide broadband services.
The HONET adopts QAM modulation mode and symmetrical data transmission mode
to implement VDSL access service. It can transmit service at 12 Mbit/s over a distance
of 1500 m for 0.5 mm wire diameter or 1200 m for 0.4 mm wire diameter. As VDSL and
ADSL possess different edges in bandwidth and transmission distance, you can select
them according to networking and requirements in practice.
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ATM VTU-R POTS

network STM-1/
STM-4 VDSL PC
FE/GE VTU-R POTS

VDSL
IP MD5500 UA5000
LAN
network
Figure 3–8 VDSL service access
3.4.3 LAN Service
The UA5000 provides Ethernet ports for LAN access through LSL board. See Figure
3–9.
The LAN access can distinguish the priority level based on VLAN. This can assure the
QoS of the VLAN leased line interconnection service. The service accessed from the
UA5000 is carried over the E1 link and transmitted to the MD5500 through transmission
system. The MD5500 transmits the service upstream to ATM network or to IP network
to provide broadband services.
ATM
network STM-1/
10Base-T PC
STM-4
STM-1
FE/GE Router
IP MD5500 UA5000 10Base-T
LAN
network
Figure 3–9 LAN Service access
The LAN access supports IPoE and PPPoE protocols. Similar with the ADSL access,
the LAN access enables the HONET to implement not only the layer-3 routing and
forwarding functions, but also the function of layer-2 transparent transmission of the
Ethernet frames, so as to satisfy different networking application requirements.
3.5 Broadband/Narrowband Leased Line Services
The traditional narrowband data service includes digital data network (DDN), packet
switched public data network (PSPDN) and frame relay (FR) network. These networks
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are cross-penetrated and complement each other. Meanwhile, they also complement
public switched telephone network (PSTN) and public land mobile network (PLMN).
As access equipment for integrated broadband and narrowband services, the HONET
enriches the narrowband data service access modes and ways, and provides the
broadband leased line services, such as LAN interconnection. This section presents
the implementation of these services.
3.5.1 HONET DAS Access Service
Currently, the problem of data subscriber access has to be considered. Previously, data
subscribers access the core network through copper wires, and the service range can
be expanded by adding the nodes. However, this technical measure has now found its
disadvantages. On one hand, the copper wire resources become insufficient. On the
other hand, it costs much to add service nodes. All of these obstruct further
development to network greatly. Under this condition, it has come to be recognized
using access network to implement data service access.
I. Features
The data service access in the HONET is implemented by the Data Access System
(DAS). It efficiently solves the covering problem of data network in the traditional
networking mode, and breaks through the bottleneck of service/cost. The major
features of the DAS are as follows.
z Abundant service interfaces
z Flexible networking capability
z Powerful network functions
z All-round maintenance means
The HONET DAS is a convenient, low-cost and efficient solution for the current leased
line services. The solution is a better substitute for the end node and even the
convergence node of the network access layer. The HONET DAS optimizes network
architecture.
The HONET provides all-round support to the broadband and narrowband services.
Meanwhile, it also smoothes the evolution from traditional data networks such as DDN
and FR to broadband network. All these make it a better choice for current data
services.
II. Service model introduction
The HONET DAS provides the access of leased line service. Its service model is shown
in Figure 3–10.
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OLT/ ONU ONU

Transport
SN SNI UNI User
DDN function UNI
processing processing data
Node module
module module equipment
Network management
function module
Figure 3–10 Narrowband leased line service access principle
The HONET DAS comprises four parts. They are described as follows.
z Service node interface (SNI) processing module
It provides the service interface interconnected to a DDN node to implement the service
port function. According to the real position of the DDN node, this module is generally
installed in the OLT. However, it also can be installed in the ONU. SNI is generally the
E1 port (2048 kbit/s) or FE1 port (N×64 kbit/s).
z User network interface (UNI) processing module
It provides the user interface interconnected to the user data terminal to implement the
user port function. It is installed in the ONU. Its interface rate includes 2048 kbit/s,
N×64 kbit/s (N=1-31), sub-rate (2.4/4.8/9.6/19.2 kbit/s). The module supports E1, V.35,
V.24 (synchronous/asynchronous), SHDSL, and 2B1Q interfaces.
z Transport function module
It provides the transport function that connects the SNI and UNI processing modules. It
can be shared with other services.
z Network management function module
It provides management interface to maintain the whole DAS. It is actually a part of the
NMS of the HONET.
3.5.2 2/4-wire VF Leased Line Service
As shown in Figure 3–11, the HONET system provides subscribers with 2/4-wire VF
leased line interfaces. It implements the 2/4-wire VF leased line function using SPC
between VFB interfaces.
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2/4-wire VF
Audio modem
UA5000
V5.1/V5.2
LE MD5500 2/4-wire VF
Audio modem
UA5000
Figure 3–11 2/4-wire VF leased line service
The VFB does not have feed function. Its interface impedance is 600Ω. Its interface
level and 2/4-wire working mode can be set by software.
The subscriber terminal has two categories. One needs feeding and the other needs
not. The ASL analog line is recommended when the terminal type is uncertain. The VF
leased line is applicable to the situation that the terminal does not need feeding, and
the interface impedance is 600Ω.
The features of 2/4-wire VF leased line interface board are as follows:

z The selection of 2/4-wire interface is software adjustable. A 4-wire interface
comprises two adjacent 2-wire interfaces.
z The receiving/transmitting gains are adjustable, and the gain adjustment scope is
described below.
For 2-wire interface: Receiving gains: -7 dB--2 dB; Transmitting gains: 0 dB-+5 dB
For 4-wire interface: Receiving gains: -11 dB-+4 dB; Transmitting gains: -1 dB-+14 dB
3.5.3 2/4-wire E&M Trunk Service
The E&M signaling uses signaling channels that are separated from the voice channels
to convert signaling between exchanges and transmission systems. The signaling
channels include E lead M lead. The E lead is used to receive signaling and the M lead
is used to send signaling.
There are multiple types of E&M signalings. In terms of the lead amount, there are
2-wire E&M signaling and 4-wire E&M signaling. There are not only DC signals like
power supply and grounding, but also DC pulse signals on the E&M line. When Multiple
Frequency Control (MFC) or DTMF, instead of DC pulse signals, is used, these signals
are transmitted over the voice channel.
The E&M signaling is modified somewhat by each country when it is used. For example,
China adopts 2/4 lead VF interface working in 1E1M mode (Bell type V). The 2-wire
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E&M interface transmits and receives signals over one pair of balanced line, and the
4-wire E&M interface transmits and receives signals over one pair of balanced line
respectively. See Figure 3–12.
a1
600Ω b1 600Ω
a2
600Ω b2 600Ω
M E
Current limitation
and checking -48V
K1
Protection
E M
Current limitation
-48V and checking
K2
Protection
Exchange E&M interface equipment
Figure 3–12 Bell V type E&M interface
The E&M signaling process is rather simple. The line signals include occupation,
answer and occupation acknowledgment. See Figure 3–13.
Has current
T1
Calling Called party

party E lead
Occupation ACK Talking No current
M lead
Has current
No current
Calling
party Called party
T2 T3 T4 M lead
E lead
Figure 3–13 E&M signaling
M lead: When it is idle, the switch is off and the line current is zero. When it is busy, the
switch is on and the current flows through the line. The current is related to the E lead
current of the peer end exchange. Normally it ranges from 5 mA to 50 mA.
E lead: When it is idle, the interface voltage is near –48 V. Its current is related to the
leakage current of M lead in the peer end exchange. When the E line is occupied, the
interface voltage is nearly zero. Its current is related to the impedance of M lead in the
peer end exchange.
I. E&M signaling process
1) When an exchange subscriber initializes an E&M trunk outgoing call, switch K1 is

off and the current flows through the M lead. After the current detection circuit of
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the E&M interface equipment detects the current (normally ranges from 6mA to
25mA), it takes the circuit as occupied.
2) The exchange transmits the telephone number (in MFC or DTMF mode) in line a1
and b1.
3) If the telephone number is correctly transmitted, the peer end exchange returns
the acknowledgment signal to the E&M interface equipment, which will then close
switch K2. The E lead of the exchange will detect the current and think that the call
control has been successfully set up. Then it enters conversation status.
4) As indicated in Figure 3–12, the exchange and the interconnected equipment are
symmetrical. The handling for incoming call is similar to that for outgoing call:
Switch K2 of the interconnected equipment is closed to occupy the exchange. The
exchange receives the telephone number from a2b2 line (in MFC or DTMF mode).
Switch K1 of the exchange is closed to acknowledge the interconnected
equipment. Then, it enters conversation status.
5) After the conversation is over, the side who hangs up turns off the switch. The
other side cannot detect the current and will think that it receives the release signal,
then, it performs release operation.
II. Main indices of ATI board
The HONET provides 2/4-wire E&M interfaces through its ATI board. The ATI board is
slot-compatible with subscriber boards. The board makes use of the transmission
system of access network to transfer the remote analog trunk services. It transmits
signaling and voice channels transparently. The ATI boards at both ends transmit line
signaling through a timeslot of voice channel using private protocol.
Each ATI board has six channels. Each channel supports the 2/4-wire E&M interface
working in 1E1M mode (Bell type V). The main technical indexes are as follows.
z The impedance of the port: 600Ω
z Encoding: A law, conforms to ITU-T Recommendation G.711A.
z Audio indexes: conforms to ITU-T Recommendation G.712.
z Adjustment of receiving/transmitting gains: receiving, –20 dB - +1.5 dB,
transmitting, –7 dB - +14 dB and 0.5 dBr per step
z E lead or M lead current: 6mA - 40 mA
z ATI end-to-end transfer delay: < 10 ms
ATI board is mostly used for analog inter-office trunk. See Figure 3–14.
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ONU ONU
VF
VF interface
interface
Exchange
Exchange
Transmission
equipment
E&M A A
T T E&M
interface
I I E&M lead interface
E&M lead
Figure 3–14 Connection mode of E&M trunk interface
3.5.4 2 Mbit/s Digital Leased Line Service
The HONET provides E1 (2048 kbit/s) ports and FE1 (N×64 kbit/s) ports through the
DT16, DEHA and CESH boards to implement 2 Mbit/s digital leased line service.
I. 2 Mbit/s digital leased line interconnected with DDN node
The 2 Mbit/s digital leased line service can be used as the SNI for interconnection with
the DDN Node, as shown in Figure 3–15. Inside the HONET system, services
accessed from all narrowband data interfaces at the UA5000 side are connected to the
same 2 Mbit/s leased line interface through SPC, and then are transmitted to the DDN
transparently through the DDN Node.
E1
V.35
E1/FE1
V.24
SHDSL
2B1Q
DDN Node MD5500 UA5000
Figure 3–15 2 Mbit/s digital leased line service (interconnected with DDN Node)
II. 2 Mbit/s digital leased line interconnected with DDN subscriber equipment
The 2 Mbit/s digital leased line service can also be used as the UNI, as shown in Figure
3–16.In this case, this interface is mainly interconnected with the DDN subscriber
equipment, including E1 port router, subscriber DDN Node and so on.
2 Mbit/s
E1/FE1 leased line
LAN
Router
DDN Node MD5500 UA5000
Figure 3–16 2 Mbit/s digital leased line service (interconnected with DDN subscriber equipment)
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3.5.5 N×64 kbit/s Leased Line Service
At the UA5000 side, the HONET provides FE1 and V.35 interfaces through the
H302HSL board to accomplish N×64 kbit/s (N=1-31) leased line service. Generally, the
V.35 interface is used to connect with subscriber equipment such as router, and the
FE1 port provides bearing channels to transmit the V.35 interface service to the peer
end.
Because the H302HSL board can provide both V.35 interfaces and FE1 ports, there are
two ways to implement the N×64 kbit/s leased line service: create an SPC by occupying
subscriber frame, or by occupying FE1 port.
UA5000
Router
V.35
LAN
E1/FE1
Router
DDN Node MD5500 V.35
LAN
UA5000
Figure 3–17 N×64 kbit/s leased line service (occupying subscriber frame)
UA5000
Router
V.35
LAN
E1/FE1 FE1
Router
DDN Node MD5500 V.35
LAN
UA5000
Figure 3–18 N×64 kbit/s leased line service (occupying FE1 port)
As shown in Figure 3–17, the subscriber frame is occupied to create an SPC. The
services are transmitted through the E1 line of the subscriber frame, crossed at the
MD5500 side, and connected to peer end V.35 interface or DDN Node. Because the
N×64 kbit/s service needs to occupy TDM resources of the subscriber frame, it may
make the voice service resources of this frame insufficient. Therefore, this method is
recommended only when the value of N is rather small.
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As shown in Figure 3–18, the FE1 port is occupied to create an SPC. The services are
transmitted through the FE1 line of the subscriber frame, crossed within the board, and
connected to peer end V.35 interface or DDN Node. In this case, the N×64 kbit/s
service does not need to occupy the TDM resources of subscriber frame. But the FE1
needs to occupy transmission resources additionally. Therefore, this method is
recommended when the value of N is large.
3.5.6 SHDSL Leased Line Service
Single-Pair High Rate Digital Subscriber Loop (SHDSL) is a new kind of symmetrical
digital subscriber line technology developed on the basis of the high-speed digital
subscriber line (HDSL), SDSL and ISDN. It is defined by the ITU-T G.SHDSL
Recommendation G.991.2. The inherent technical advantages of the SHDSL
technology, such as high symmetric rate, strong anti-interference ability and longer
transmission distance, makes it play an important role among the three kinds of widely
used DSL technologies, ADSL, VDSL and SHDSL.
SHDSL can provide a maximum of 2 Mbit/s symmetric rate, with transmission distance
of 3-6 km, which is farther than that of the ADSL. It can take the place of E1/T1 line and
be widely used for high-speed data service access with symmetric upstream and
downstream data. This kind of feature determines that it can be used for the service
that needs consistent bi-directional rates, such as video conferencing and voice
binding.
The HONET provides E1 and SHDSL ports through SDL and H303HSL boards at the
UA5000 side. The E1 port is used to provide bearing channel to transmit the service
accessed from the SHDSL port to the peer end. The SHDSL port is used to provide E1
and V.35 interfaces through the customer premises equipment (CPE) for connection
with the subscriber equipment such as router, so as to accomplish the 2048 kbit/s and
N×64 kbit/s (N=3-31) leased line services.
See Figure 3–19.
E1/FE1
CPE Router
E1/FE1
SHDSL
DDN Node MD5500 UA5000 V.35

CPE Router
Figure 3–19 SHDSL leased line service access
The CPE can provide both V.35 and E1/FE1 ports. The E1 port of the SDL board and
that provided by the CPE support not only the N×64 kbit/s FE1 access, but also the
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2048 kbit/s E1 transparent transmission. When the CPE provides the FE1 port, the SDL
board is the same as the H302HSL board. There are two ways to implement SHDSL
leased line service, that is, occupying subscriber frame or occupying FE1 port to create
SPC. In the case of providing the E1 transparent transmission function, the SDL board
can only transmit service data upstream through its own E1 port.
3.5.7 MTA Leased Line Service
The HONET provides 2B1Q interfaces through the DSL board at the UA5000 side, and
provides V.35 and V.24 interfaces through remote MTA to realize 128 kbit/s, 64 kbit/s
and sub-rate services. As shown in Figure 3–20, the V.35 and V.24 interfaces are
provided by extending the 2B1Q interface to connect with the subscriber equipment,
such as router and PC.
V.35/V.24
128/64 kbit/s
MTA Router
E1/FE1
2B1Q
DDN Node MD5500 UA5000 V.35, subrate

MTA Data terminal
Figure 3–20 MTA leased line service access
MTA is a data service unit (DSU) located at the user end. It is connected with the office
end equipment (such as DSL and MLC) through 2B1Q interface. The access distance
is 4-5 km (with wire diameter of 0.4mm). It provides the subscriber with one V.24/V.35
compatible interface and two V.24 interfaces. The data rates include 64 kbit/s and
128 kbit/s (synchronous interface) and 2.4 kbit/s, 4.8 kbit/s, 9.6 kbit/s and 19.2 kbit/s
(synchronous or asynchronous interface).
3.5.8 Circuit Emulation Service
Circuit emulation is the technology to emulate the traditional circuit switching and circuit
transmission through ATM network.
According to the ITU-T Recommendation I.363.1, the E1 circuit emulation interface can
implement unstructured data transfer (UDT) and structured data transfer (SDT).
The UDT can implement transparent transmission of E1 data. When UDT adaptation is
performed, the AAL1 adaptation module does not distinguish the frame structure in the
E1 line, but performs segmentation and reassembly (SAR) to the
2 Mbit/s code stream to accomplish the adaptation. The UDT circuit emulation
technology can utilize the clock recovery technology to recover TDM clock through the
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ATM network. It can implement two kinds of clock recovery technologies: adaptive
clock method (ACM) and synchronous residual time stamp (SRTS).
The principle of ACM is to adjust the narrowband clock according to the variation of the
data-receiving buffer. In the flow direction that cells are reassembled to recover
narrowband data, there exits a buffer. If the data are increasing in the buffer, the
sending clock frequency will be increased. Otherwise, the sending clock frequency will
be lowered, thus realizing the TDM clock recovery.
The ACM clock recovery mode has no special requirements for the AAL1 SAR
equipment that implements cell segmentation. However, when the ACM is adopted to
adjust clock, the output clock frequency is directly related to the adaptive adjustment
step length. Therefore, the recovery clock traces the variation of the source end clock
at a lower speed, and the clock float is rather large.
The principle of SRTS is to compare the accessed TDM clock with the ATM network
clock at the clock source, figure out the difference between these two clocks, that is,
residual time stamp, and then write this residual time stamp value into a certain
specified bit of the cell to transmit it over the ATM network. At the destination, the
narrowband clock of the source end is figured out based on the ATM network clock and
residual time stamp value so as to accomplish the clock recovery.
SRTS can calculate the precise value of the narrowband clock. The clock precision,
tracing speed and float specifications are better than those of ACM. However, since the
ATM network clock is used as the reference when the clock is recovered by SRTS, the
ATM network must be synchronous or plesiochronous all over the network. In addition,
the AAL1 SAR equipment at the clock source end and destination end are required to
be able to realize SRTS technology to generate time stamp value at the source end and
recover the clock according to the time stamp value at the destination end.
The SDT can implement transparent transmission of narrowband N×64 kbit/s data
channel over ATM network. When the SDT adaptation is performed, the AAL1
adaptation module needs to distinguish the E1 frame structure and implement
adaptation for N time slots according to configuration. By SDT technology, multiple
logical channels can be realized in the E1 link. Since SDT adaptation cannot
accomplish clock recovery, the ATM network must be synchronized with the TDM
network or the whole network when the SDT adaptation is performed.
The V.35 interface circuit emulation board implements the AAL1 adaptation of V.35
data. The access rate of V.35 interface is N×64 kbit/s (N=1-31), which is suitable for the
access of the V.35 data equipment at the rate lower than 2 Mbit/s. The V.35 interface
can work in the DCE and DTE modes. However, the V.35 circuit emulation cannot
realize clock recovery, that is, it cannot transmit TDM clock over ATM network
transparently.
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I. Transparent transmission of narrowband services
The HONET can perform AAL1 adaptation of the E1 and V.35 interfaces at both the
OLT side and ONU side, so as to realize transparent transmission of the traditional
TDM services (such as DDN) over ATM network. As shown in Figure 3–21, it can be
interconnected with the equipment such as PBX, DDN equipment and video
conferencing equipment.
DDN Node E1/V.35

ATM DDN terminal
155/622M
network
ATM edge E1
switch MD5500 UA5000
PBX
LE
Figure 3–21 Transparent transmission of narrowband services realized by circuit emulation
II. DDN service convergence
By circuit emulation technology, the HONET can realize not only interworking of
external TDM equipment through ATM network, but also interworking of internal TDM
system with ATM network. In this case, the narrowband data services accessed by the
HONET are not connected with the DDN through E1 port, but directly transferred to
ATM network through the circuit emulation interface at the MD5500 side, and then
transmitted to the backbone network through ATM port. See Figure 3–22. The network
role of the HONET under this condition is the sum of a medium and large sized DDN
convergence node and multiple DDN access nodes covering some areas.
E1
ATM V.35
155/622M V.24
DDN network
SHDSL
2B1Q
MD5500 UA5000
Figure 3–22 DDN service convergence by circuit emulation
3.5.9 LAN Interconnection Service
In cities, the branches and headquarters of commercial subscribers contact

increasingly frequently with large amount of information. In such situation, the
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traditional leased line interconnection services are unable to meet all the requirements.
The LAN interconnection services thus become much more desirable. The HONET
realizes the LAN interconnection by adopting the ATM networking, and it features
compact equipment, broad bandwidth and perfect QoS as a high speed and low cost
solution.
The HONET can provide 10Base-T Ethernet ports at the UA5000 side to connect with
LAN. By RFC 1483B mapping, the ATM PVC is used to realize the point-to-point layer-2
transparent connection between two LANs inside the system.
See Figure 3–23.
10/100Base-T 10/100Base-T
LAN LAN
UA5000 MD5500 UA5000
Figure 3–23 Point-to-point LAN interconnection service
Since the HONET cannot realize the point-to-multipoint connection by internal PVC
crossing function, if multiple LANs are to be interconnected, it is required to create a
PVC from each LAN to the system ATM optical port, and then accomplish
interconnection by means of Layer-2 switching function of the upper layer ATM switch.
See Figure 3–24.
10/100Base-T
LAN
UA5000
10/100Base-T 10/100Base-T
155/622M
LAN LAN
UA5000
ATM switch MD5500
10/100Base-T
LAN
UA5000
Figure 3–24 Point-to-multipoint LAN interconnection service
3.6 Multicast Service
The multicast service is used in the field of stream media, tele-education, video
conference, video multicast, network game, data duplication, and so on. The multicast
technology is designed with high effective point-to-multipoint data transmission
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capability, which is able to save the network bandwidth and reduce the network loads
excellently.
The HONET is able to support the IGMP Snooping through the EPU board. Therefore,
it can form the networks in combination with the multicast router to provide broadband
users with multicast services. IGMP Snooping can capture the IGMP packets
transmitted between the user and the multicast router, set up and maintain Layer 2
multicast table for multicast duplication.
Figure 3–25 shows the networking application of IGMP Snooping multicast service.
ATU-R PC
UA5000 ATU-R PC
Multicast source
Internet Multicast router MD5500
ATU-R PC
UA5000 ATU-R PC
Multicast source
Figure 3–25 IGMP Snooping multicast
The multicast control equipment, such as a multicast router or Huawei ISN8850

implements the IGMP protocol. The HONET realizes transparent transmission and
detection of user Layer-2 packets as well as the duplication function of the multicast
data packets.
The major features of the multicast service supported by the HONET are as follows.
z The system supports up to 64 multicast groups, and each user can add 8 multicast
groups simultaneously.
z Only one PVC needs to be established, which can transmit both unicast data and
multicast data.
z The system supports the multicast services in four downstream networking modes:
IMA E1/ATM E3/ATM 155 Mbit/s/VP Ring.
z A minimum of 256 kbit/s downstream multicast service bandwidth can be provided
by each multicast group. At the same time, every multicast user is guaranteed to
share the bandwidth on average.
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3.7 VP Ring
The MD5500 and the UA5000 support Virtual Path (VP) Ring networking technology.
VP Ring is a broadband ring network technology that combines the advantages of SDH
ring network protection and ATM statistics multiplexing. It can allocate bandwidth based
on actual needs and support multiple kinds of service and QoS types. Meanwhile, it has
the protection switching function of the SDH/SONET equipment, making the network
more reliable.
VP Ring adopts the point-to-point protection switching mechanism that reserves

bandwidth and routes to realize the ATM-layer service protection. Reserving bandwidth
and routes means that when the working entity is established, the system has to
provide bandwidth and routes for the protection entity at the same time, which should
meet the requirements of working entity for cell transmission performance. The
point-to-point switching is a basic protection mechanism of ATM network, and it takes
one point-to-point VP or VPG in the network as the independent protection entity.
The UA5000 accesses POTS, ISDN, N×64 kbit/s, xDSL, and LAN services. It
transforms them into four basic kinds of ATM service types (CBR, rt-VBR, nrt-VBR,
UBR) after ATM service adaptation, and performs traffic shaping and congestion
control to these services. The service data enters the VP Ring at last. Each node of the
VP Ring supports VP scheduling, which can implement bandwidth sharing of all kinds
of services (including services transparently transmitted from other nodes, and the
service of local node), and guarantee the priority of all kinds of services. Finally, all
services of the VP Ring are converged in the MD5500, processed by the ATM service
processing module of the AIC board, and then distributed to different service ports.
Besides the bandwidth sharing function, VP Ring also supports fast protection
switching function. It can detect link faults quickly by the function of physical layer alarm
detection and that of detection, insertion and capture of ATM layer OAM cell. Once any
fault is detected, VP Ring can set the status of bridging unit/selector to accomplish fast
switching function of the VP.
3.7.1 Protection Switching Type
In the HONET, the VP Ring adopts 1+1 protection switching mode, which falls into two
types: unidirectional and bi-directional modes. The source node sends the service to
the working entity and protection entity simultaneously, and the sink node can select to
receive the service from either the working entity or protection entity. See Figure 3–26.
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Source node Bridging unit Protection entity Selector Sink node
Working entity
Before switching
Source node Bridging unit Protection entity Selector Sink node
Switching occurs.
Working entity
After switching
Figure 3–26 Principle of 1+1 protection switching
The 1+1 unidirectional protection means that the selective receiving of services in
upstream and downstream directions is independent. The upstream selector should
receive services from the working entity, while the downstream selector can receive
services from either the working entity or protection entity.
The 1+1 bi-directional protection means that the selective receiving of services in
upstream and downstream directions is related. The upstream and downstream
selectors should receive services from the same entity.
Compared with the bi-directional protection mode, the unidirectional protection mode is
rather easy to accomplish, not requiring support of any protocols. The selector of local
node can determine from which entity it should receive the service based on working
conditions of the entities, having a rapid switching speed. However, since the service
may be transmitted over different routes in the upstream and downstream directions,
the service quality in both directions may be different. The bi-directional protection
switching mode needs protocol support, and the switching speed is slower; but the
service quality in both directions is almost the same.
3.7.2 Protection Switching Detection and Trigger Mechanism
Protection switching can be triggered not only by detection mechanism automatically,

but also by the protection switching command delivered by the NMS or Console.
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To achieve automatic triggering, each node should be able to detect Signal Fail (SF)
and Signal Degrade (SD) alarms. The SF alarms include Loss of Signal (LOS) and
Loss of Frame (LOF) of the physical layer and alarm indication signal (AIS) of the ATM
layer. The SD alarm mainly indicates that the cell loss ratio exceeds the threshold.
When the sink node detects an SF or SD alarm, the protection switching is triggered.
When the intermediate node detects an SF alarm, it inserts an AIS cell to the
downstream service data, and then the protection switching is triggered as soon as the
sink node receives this AIS cell.
3.7.3 Protection Switching Protocol
In realization of 1+1 bi-directional switching, the source node needs to negotiate with
sink node about negotiate switching process on the basis of protection switching
protocol, so as to keep the switching at both ends consistent. The protection switching
protocol is transmitted by the Automatic Protection Switching (APS) cell, which is a
special kind of OAM cell and is transmitted by special APS channel.
Figure 3–27 shows the principle of protection switching algorithm. Whether the
switching occurs depends on the local switching request and remote K1 byte.
send Local Request

Info to Far End
Local Local Top Priority via K1 Byte
Requests Priority Local Request
Logic
K1/K2 byte Validity K1 Byte Far Global

received Check End Request Priority
from Far Logic
End
K2 Byte Far Top Priority
End Status Global Request send Local Bridge/
Selector Status
to Far End
Mismatch via K2 Byte
Detection
activate Bridge/ Set Local

Selector Mismatch Bridge/Selector
Alarm
Figure 3–27 Principle of protection switching algorithm
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HONET Integrated Services Access Network Chapter 4 Networking Applications
Chapter 4 Networking Applications
4.1 System Networking Options
The HONET offers carriers the opportunity to build a broadband and narrowband
integrated network over a single platform supporting various networking topologies.
The MD5500 and the UA5000 of the HONET system can form ring, star, tree or chain
network through transmission system.
4.1.1 SDH Networking
The HONET adopts the OptiX 155/622H, an STM-1/STM-4 SDH optical transmission
device developed by Huawei, as its built-in optical transmission equipment. Besides,
the UA5000 can also use the embedded optical transmission board ATU to implement
SDH transmission.
The chain and ring are two basic topologies of SDH network. There are many other
complicated network topologies derived from these two topologies as per different
requirements.
Figure 4–1 shows the ring topology of SDH optical transmission system. The MD5500
and UA5000 are connected through SDH transmission system to carry both
narrowband and broadband services. The narrowband services are sent to the
MD5500 over E1 links. The broadband services are transmitted to the MD5500 through
spare SDH resources over IMA E1 or ATM E3 links.
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PSTN / DDN
PSTN/DDN ATM / IP
ATM/IP
V5/E1 STM - 1/4 FE/GE
MD5500 iManager N2000
ATM E3 E1 IMA E1
ADM
UA5000 UA5000
E1
SDH
ATM E3 LAN Switch/Router
xDSL
IMA E1 E1
POTS ISDN E1/V.35
UA5000
Figure 4–1 HONET SDH networking
The features of this networking are as follows:

z The OptiX 155/622H features powerful cross-connecting ability, abundant
interfaces and reliable software function. It is adaptive to complex network
structures.
z The SDH ring network can implement the two-fiber unidirectional path protection
and two-fiber unidirectional multiplex section protection functions. It enhances the
network stability to ensure reliable service transmission.
4.1.2 MSTP Networking
Figure 4–2 shows the MSTP networking. The narrowband services are transmitted
through E1 port and the broadband services through STM-1 port or FE/GE port. The
services are then multiplexed through MSTP and carried over the Metro transmission
system.
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PSTN / DDN
PSTN/DDN ATM / IP
ATM/IP
V5/E1 STM-1/4 FE/GE
MD5500 iManagerN2000
E1 STM-1/GE/FE
ADM UA5000
UA5000
E1 E1
Metro
STM-1/ STM-1/
GE/FE LAN Switch/Router
GE/FE
xDSL
STM-1/GE/FE E1
POTS ISDN E1/V.35
UA5000
Figure 4–2 HONET MSTP networking
The feature of this network is as follows:
This networking enables integrated transmission of various services. It has very high
bandwidth usage rate.
4.1.3 VP Ring Networking
The MD5500 and the UA5000 form VP Ring network through their respective imbedded
optical ports. The MD5500 converges and distributes both narrowband and broadband
services.
Figure 4–3 is the networking diagram.
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PSTN
PSTN/DDN
/ DDN ATM/IP
ATM / IP
V5/E1 STM-1/4 FE/GE
iManager N2000
MD5500
UA5000
UA5000
VP Ring
LAN Switch/Router
xDSL
E1/V.35
POTS ISDN
UA5000
Figure 4–3 HONET VP Ring networking

z Low network construction cost thanks to networking through imbedded optical port
without additional transmission equipment.
z Saving fiber resource efficiently by transmitting both broadband and narrowband
services over one fiber pair.
z Independent bandwidth for narrowband service to ensure excellent QoS, shared
bandwidth for broadband service to transmit over ATM layer.
z Enhanced network security to ensure non-interrupted service running through
intrinsic switchover protection mechanism.
z Integrated management for transmission equipment and service nodes.
4.1.4 Direct Fiber Networking
Figure 4–4 shows the direct fiber networking. The MD5500 is integrated with STM-1
and STM-4 fiber access units, and the UA5000 provides STM-1 port.
The UA5000 receives broadband services through broadband subscriber boards and
sends them to the MD5500 through its STM-1 port. The MD5500 converges the
broadband services and transmits them to backbone network through ATM or IP port.
The UA5000 receives narrowband services through narrowband subscriber boards

and sends them to the MD5500 through CES links over STM-1 transmission system.
The MD5500 transmits the narrowband services through its V5 interface to the PSTN.
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PSTN / DDN ATM / IP
STIV-1/4
V5/E1
FE/GE
iManager N2000
MD5500
UA5000
UA5000
UA5000
slave frame
LAN Switch/Router
UA5000
xDSL
Modem
ISDN E1/V.35
POTS BRI
Figure 4–4 HONET direct fiber networking

z It is of low cost, easy deployment and flexible networking.
z It saves lots of transmission resources and enhances the networking flexibility for
the HONET.
z Its transmission distance using single-mode fiber without repeater reaches 30 km,
which satisfies most transmission distance demands of access network.
4.1.5 Direct Fiber and SDH Hybrid Networking
The MD5500 and UA5000 of the HONET can be networked by SDH transmission
system and direct fiber connection. The narrowband services are transmitted over SDH
transmission system and the broadband services are carried over direct fiber
connection.
Figure 4–5 shows this networking mode.
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PSTN / DDN ATM / IP
STM-1/4
V5/E1
FE/GE iManager N2000
MD5500
E1
ADM
UA5000
UA5000
E1 ADM
ADM
SDH
LAN Switch/Router
E1
HW
ADM
xDSL
E1 Modem
UA5000 ISDN E1/V.35
slave frame POTS
BRI
UA5000
Figure 4–5 HONET direct fiber and SDH hybrid networking
The feature of this networking is as follows:
In this networking mode, the broadband and narrowband services are transmitted
through different transmission channels. The broadband services are transmitted
through the fiber channel of the built-in optical port (STM-1, FE or GE) of the UA5000,
guaranteeing large bandwidth and better service quality. The narrowband services are
transmitted through the SDH ring network, ensuring the high service data transmission
reliability.
4.1.6 Subtending Networking
I. AIUA subtending
Figure 4–6 is the AIUA subtending networking diagram. By the IMA E1/STM-1
ATM/ATM E3 port provided by the AIUA board, the multi-level UA5000 equipment can
form the link, star, and tree networks by the subtending mode, which can effectively
enlarge the coverage area of the network.
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PSTN/DDN ATM/IP
V5/E1 STM-1/4 FE/GE
iManager N2000
MD5500
UA5000
UA5000
SDH/VP Ring/STM-1
ATM E3 IMA E1
UA5000
STM-1
UA5000
UA5000
LAN Switch/Router
xDSL
E1/V.35
POTS ISDN
Figure 4–6 HONET AIUA subtending networking

z The STM-1 ATM subtending networking saves fiber resources and ATM ports of
the upper layer equipment, makes full use of the bandwidth resources and
enlarges significantly the broadband network coverage. The networking is realized
by means of the fiber connection, not requiring SDH equipment. The TDM
services are transmitted along with the broadband services through circuit
emulation.
z The IMA E1 and ATM E3 subtending networkings save transmission resources
and feature flexible networking and low network construction expense. They are
adaptive to scenarios that require few broadband services. They make full use of
the existent E1 and E3 transmission resources to carry the broadband data, which
realizes the interworking and transparent transmission of the ATM broadband
services. By this networking mode, the broadband network can be constructed
promptly and flexibly in the broadband subscriber sparse areas.
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II. SDL subtending
The SDL subtending networking enables subtending of UA5000s through telephone

lines using SHDSL technology. Figure 4–7 is the SDL subtending networking diagram.
Near end UA5000 and far end UA5000 are connected using respective H521SDL
board through twisted pairs. The H521SDL board at far end UA5000 converts the E1
signals into TDM SHDSL signals; The H521SDL board at near end UA5000 converts
the TDM SHDSL signals into E1 signals. They work together to function as an
imbedded E1 transmission device.
PSTN / DDN ATM / IP
STM-1/4
V5/E1 FE/GE
iManager N2000
MD5500
E1 IMA E1
UA5000-3
ADM UA5000-5
E1
SDH
SHDSL LAN Switch/Router
E1 xDSL
ISDN E1/V.35
UA5000-1 POTS BRI
UA5000-4
SHDSL
UA5000-2
Figure 4–7 HONET SDL subtending

z It is suitable to the scenario that deploys narrowband ONU equipment of Huawei
at both local and remote ends and requires few trunk links.
z It supports remote narrowband ONU access in the case of insufficient
transmission and fiber resources.
4.1.7 Single-Layer Networking
Figure 4–8 is diagram of the single-layer networking. For narrowband services, the
UA5000 transmits them to the PSTN exchange through V5 interface over SDH/Metro
1000 transmission system. For broadband services, the UA5000 handles them in
following two ways:
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z Transmits them to ATM network through STM-1/STM-4 port

z Transmits them to IP metropolitan area network through FE/GE port
PSTN / DDN ATM / IP

E1
ATM switch /
Router
LE
iManager N2000
E1/V5
STM-1/STM- 4/FE/GE UA5000

STM-1/STM- 4/FE/GE
SDH
E1/V5 E1/V5 LAN Switch/Router
UA5000
E1/V5 xDSL
ISDN E1/V.35
POTS
UA5000
Figure 4–8 HONET single-layer networking

z It is suitable for the scenarios that have few access nodes and each node has a
relatively small number of subscribers.
z It supports a variety of transmission systems. It can use SDH or Metro
transmission system.
z It enables broadband and narrowband integrated NMS. The broadband and
narrowband services can be managed using the iManager N2000 NMS.
4.1.8 TDM Large Capacity Networking
Figure 4–9 is the diagram of TDM large capacity networking. Compared with other
networking schemes, the TDM large capacity networking enables the access of even
larger number of subscribers. The capacity features of this networking are as follows:
z Providing 16k x 16k TDM switching fabric through the ASXB board to enable the
access of up to 48000 POTS subscribers.
z Using standard STM-1 ports provided by the MSUC board as trunk interface to
support the access of up to 496 E1 links.
When the LE provides STM-1 ports, the LE can connect with the MD5500 through the
STM-1 port. By this, the E1 cables are saved and the access density of the V5 interface
is improved.
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When the LE does not provde STM-1 ports and it is located far away from the MD5500,
the LE and the MD5500 can be connected using transmission system, which
multiplexes E1 links into STM-1 channels. See Figure 4–9.
SDH
E1
LE
STM-1
MD5500
STM-1
UA5000 UA5000
SDH E1
E1
E1
HW
UA5000
UA5000 slave frame
Figure 4–9 TDM large capacity networking

z Capable of handling large capacity TDM services
z Capable of using existing transmission resource to cut network construction
investment
z Easy maintenance thanks to simple connection with LE
4.1.9 NGN Migration Networking
The NGN migration process of the access network has three stages. They are
“traditional access network”, “access network with small quantity of NGN subscribers”
and “target NGN”.
The HONET can satisfy the demands of all these three stages. It enables stepless NGN
migration of the access network.
See Figure 4–10 for the networking diagram.
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LE
V5
V5
MD5500
UA5000
UA5000 UA5000
UA5000
Traditional access
network
SoftSwitch
LE
V5
V5 IP
MD5500
VoIP/
H.248
UA5000 UA5000
UA5000
UA5000
Access network with
small quantity of NGN
subscribers
SoftSwitch
TMG
PSTN IP
VoIP/
H.248
VoIP/ MD5500
H.248
UA5000 UA5000 UA5000
UA50
UA5000
Target NGN
Figure 4–10 NGN migration networking diagram
The feature of this networking is as follows:
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The HONET is an NGN-ready system. It enables the access network to migrate into
NGN in a stepless manner. The HONET NGN migration networking protects the
investment efficiently.
4.2 Typical Applications
The HONET has abundant service interfaces and flexible networking ability. It has been
massively deployed worldwide. The following are some typical networking application
examples.
4.2.1 Integrated Narrowband and Broadband Access
Thanks to the characteristics of wide coverage area, smooth upgrade from narrowband
to broadband, and the convenient and rapid deployment, the HONET has now found
wide applications in many regions and countries.
I. Application in City A
The HONET application in city A provides POTS, ISDN BRA, ISDN PRA services and
broadband access services including Ethernet, ADSL and VDSL. These services share
the same subscriber frames and are transmitted over the same transmission platform.
The HONET supports the access of full range narrowband and broadband integrated
services.
Figure 4–11 shows the networking of HONET integrated configuration of narrowband

and broadband services at City A.
IP Core
PSTN
BRAS
MD5500
iManager N2000
VOD Server
UA5000 UA5000
Community A CommunityD
Community B Community C
ADSL POTS ISDN,etc.

Ethernet VDSL
Figure 4–11 Narrowband and broadband integrated application in City A
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In this application mode, broadband access network of City A uses the OptiX 155/622H
as its transmission platform. Narrowband services and broadband services are
provided by the UA5000, and then are transmitted by the OptiX 155/622H.
The VDSL service occupies one FE port for transmission. Subscribers can access the
Internet directly through the 10Base-T Ethernet port. Subscribers can also connect the
broadband network through the telephone line in use taking the advantage of ADSL
technology. In this case, subscribers can make phone calls, activate VOD service,
access the Internet, and realize telecommuting simultaneously through one telephone
line.
In broadband upstream direction, the MD5500 implements layer-2 convergence and

transparent transmission of IP services, which are transmitted to IP network through
the BRAS.
The networking in city A is a typical application of the HONET, aiming at providing

various voice, data and video services. In this networking mode, the broadband
services, such as ADSL, have large coverage area, and is easy to deploy rapidly. And
they are suitable for the places where there are large numbers of subscribers.
II. Application in City B
City B constructs a new network for integrated services access. Figure 4–12 shows the
networking model.
IP Core
PSTN
MD5500
iManager N2000
VOD Server
UA5000 UA5000
Community A CommunityD
Community B Community C
ADSL POTS ISDN,etc.

Ethernet VDSL
Figure 4–12 Narrowband and broadband integrated application in City B
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III. Application in City C
Since there are lots of small and medium enterprises in City C, the telecommunications
network is required to offer Intranet leased line interconnection in addition to broadband
access service.
IP Core ATM core PSTN
MD5500
iManager N2000
UA5000 UA5000
Residential
community Enterprise C
Enterprise A Enterprise B
ADSL Ethernet
Ethernet Ethernet
Figure 4–13 Narrowband and broadband integrated application in City C
In this networking mode, POTS and ADSL services are provided over twisted pairs for
the residential community. The leased line interconnection of Intranets is achieved on
the basis of Ethernet, HONET and upper-layer ATM core equipment.
4.2.2 Narrowband Service Access
The transmission system of PSTN of City D is composed of one SDH transmission

ring-link network. The SDH transmission ring network is built in the urban area, so that
some important sites can be protected. The MD5500 connects with the UA5000 that
are located in small towns through link network. The UA5000s in town A and town B are
installed in outdoor cabinets, and the other UA5000s are installed in indoor cabinets.
See Figure 4–14.
The access network of City D mainly provides analog voice service to satisfy the needs
of daily phone service and dialup Internet access service at home or in company.
The UA5000 at the steel mill is connected with an analog switch through Z interface for
the internal use. The lines remained available at the site are used to provide service for
adjacent users. The UA5000 at the No. 1 middle school is connected with a small-sized
private branch exchange (PBX) for internal telephone exchange through ISDN PRI
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interface. The UA5000s at other organizations such as hospital and the bank provide
subscriber interfaces directly, and they are configured with CENTREX and Console to
manage internal traffic.
PSTN UA5000 Town A
iManager N2000 MD5500

UA5000 Town B
UA5000
UA5000 Municipal
Supermarket office
UA5000
UA5000 Bank
Steel mill UA5000
Hospital
Z interface School
Analog
exchange
PBX POTS
Figure 4–14 Narrowband access application in City D
4.2.3 DDN Service Access
The digital data access network in City E comprises the MD5500, the UA5000 and the
iManager N2000.
The whole subscriber access network consists of one MD5500 and several UA5000s.
They form two fiber subscriber ring networks, and one fiber subscriber link. This DDN
provides E1 leased line service, Nx64 kbit/s V.35 service, V.35 distance extension
service, FE1 service and V.35 sub-rate services (9.6 kbit/s and 19.2 kbit/s).
Figure 4–15 shows the networking mode of DDN of City E.
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DDN Node
UA5000
DDN Node E1
Police office DTE
E1 MTA
MD5500 V.35
iManager N2000
User terminal
UA5000 Router
UA5000
Bank C
Bank D
UA5000
Municipal office
UA5000 Police office
UA5000 UA5000 Bank B

Bank A
V.35 SHDSL V.35 Router
E1 MTA
DDN
Router
Node
Modem V.24
DTE
Figure 4–15 DDN application in City E
4.2.4 IP Egress Application
City F is to construct an access network with few access nodes. Each node has a
relatively small number of subscribers. The sing-layer networking is suitable here.
The broadband services are transmitted to the broadband IP metropolitan area network
through FE or GE port of the IPMA board. The narrowband services are sent to PSTN
LE through V5 interface of the PV8 board over the SDH/Metro transmission system.
This networking enables broadband and narrowband integrated NMS. The broadband
and narrowband services can be managed using the iManager N2000 NMS.
Figure 4–16 shows the networking in which the broadband services are transmitted
upstream through IP port.
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PSTN
PSTN/DDN
/ DDN PSTNIP/ DDN
E1
iManagerN2000
Router
HDLC
E1/V5
FE/GE
FE/GE
UA5000 UA5000
ADM
ADM ADM E1/V5 Office C
E1/V5
ADM
Office A
E1/V5 FE/GE
UA5000 Office B A Residential community

Or an enterprise
Figure 4–16 IP egress networking
4.2.5 NGN Migration
City G is to construct an NGN-ready network. The HONET can cooperate with the
SoftSwitch to carry voice services over IP networks, which achieves migration from the
circuit switching network to the NGN. The TDM subscribers and VoIP subscribers can
coexist in this network. The HONET serves as a voice gateway and a broadband data
gateway.
Figure 4–17 shows a NGN-ready network using the HONET.
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ATM DDN PSTN H.248

IP
E1 V5 FE/GE
SoftSwitch
STM-1/4 MD5500 H.248
UA5000 UA5000 UA5000
MSTP UA5000 UA5000
UA5000
UA5000
LAN POTS(VolP) ISDN V.24 xDSL LAN POTS(VolP) ISDN V.24 xDSL
Swicth FAX over IP V.35 Swicth FAX over IP V.35
Modem over IP E1 Modem over IP E1
Figure 4–17 HONET NGN-ready application
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HONET Integrated Services Access Network Chapter 5 Network Management System
Chapter 5 Network Management System
The HONET supports CLI NMS and GUI NMS to provide powerful and flexible
network management functions. This chapter describes these two NMS modes in
detail.
5.1 CLI NMS
The HONET supports CLI NMS, through which you can manage the whole HONET
system.
5.1.1 Running Environment
The CLI NMS can be achieved using operating system attached programs like Telnet
and HyperTerminal. It doesn’t require extra NMS software.
For example, to maintain the system through serial port connection, you can use the
HyperTerminal of Windows OS; or to maintain the system through Telnet session, you
can use the Telnet client software.
5.1.2 NMS Functions
The HONET CLI can configure all services for the HONET system. Its major functions
are listed as follows:
I. Provides comprehensive commands
The HONET CLI supports all commands that are used to configure and maintain the
HONET system.
II. Supports local and remote maintenance
The HONET CLI supports local and remote maintenance through serial port or
Ethernet port. The HONET has embedded Telnet server, which supports multiple
concurrent online sessions.
III. Supports hierarchical protection
The HONET CLI supports hierarchical protection. This function prevents

unauthorized access and operations. For commands that may interrupt services, the
system will give prompts.
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IV. Provides easy online help
The HONET CLI provides rich and easy online help. This eases the operation.
V. Supports intelligent match
The HONET CLI interpreter supports incomplete searching method for key words. To
obtain a certain interpretation, you need to enter the non-conflicting key words.
VI. Supports retrieval of history commands
The CLI provides a function similar to the Doskey. With this function, the executed
commands can be saved automatically, and you can retrieve them from the CLI at any
time to execute them again.
5.2 GUI NMS
The HONET provides NMS interface to communicate with the iManager N2000
through SNMP.
The iManager N2000 is a GUI NMS developed by Huawei. It adopts client/server

architecture. It is of modular design and supports multiple operating systems and
databases.
The iManager N2000 provides user friendly GUI to achieve centralized network
management.
5.2.1 Running Environment
I. Server configuration
1) Hardware configuration
The iManager N2000 server can run on a PC server or a UNIX workstation.
The server configuration varies with management requirements. See Table 5–1 for
details.
Table 5–1 iManager N2000 server and its manageability
Management capacity Recommended server configuration

PC server (such as PE2600-XEON): CPU: 1.8 GHz or above; RAM: 1024
800 equivalent nodes
MB (4*256 MB); hard disk: 36GB.
PC server (such as PE2600-2*XEON): CPU: 1.8 GHz or above; RAM: 2 GB
(4*512 MB); Hard disk: 3*36GB.
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Management capacity Recommended server configuration

PC server (such as PE6600-4*XEON): CPU: 1.4GHz or above; RAM: 4 GB
(4*1GB); Hard disk: 5*36GB.
Workstation (such as Blade 2000): CPU: 900 MHz (8 MB Cache); RAM:
1GB; Hard disk: 2*73GB.
Workstation (such as Blade 2000): CPU: 2*900MHz (8 MB Cache); RAM:
2GB; hard disk: 2*73GB.
Workstation (such as Fire V480): CPU: 2*1.05GHz (8 MB Cache); RAM:
4GB; hard disk: 2*73GB.
Workstation (such as Fire V480): CPU 4*1.05GHz (8M Cache); RAM: 8GB;
hard disk: 2*73GB.
The network manageability is measured using equivalent nodes. The translation of

the equivalent nodes is shown in Table 5–2.
Table 5–2 Equivalent node translation
Device type Quantity Equivalent node

MD5500 Per MD5500 5
Per 100 PSTN/ISDN ports 1
UA5000
Per 40 xDSL ports 1
xDSL device Per 40 ports 1
NMS client Per client 10
2) Software configuration
z Windows platform: Windows 2000 Server + SQL Server2000
z UNIX platform: Solaris8.0 or later + Sybase 12
z iManager N2000 software: iManager N2000 server software
II. Client configuration
1) Hardware configuration
The iManager N2000 client can run on a PC or a UNIX workstation. Since a UNIX
workstation is expensive, a PC is recommended.
2) Software configuration
z Windows platform: Windows 2000 Professional
z UNIX platform: Solaris 8.0 or later
z iManager N2000 software: iManager N2000 client software
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5.2.2 NMS Functions
The iManager N2000 has powerful management functions. They are detailed as
follows:
I. Supports comprehensive service management
The iManager N2000 provides the following management functions:

z Equipment management
z Voice service management, including V5 interface management, SPC
management, VF dedicated line, E&M trunk and direct-dial-in management
z V5 voice port management, including PSTN port management, ISDN port
management and subtending port management
z ATM connection management, including PVC management and traffic profile
management
z VP Ring service management
z IMA service management
z ADSL service management
z CES port management
z HONET service integration management
z Subscriber line test management
The iManager N2000 provides the following functions to facilitate the maintenance
operations:
z It provides NE configuration entries through its configuration window, where you
can configure hardware and perform service maintenance in a manner of What
You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG).
z It provides uniform management of multiple components of the HONET, such as
the MD5500, UA5000, BSL, RSP, and PV8.
z It provides all-round management of ADSL service, V5 voice service, Ethernet
service and VP Ring service.
z It provides the configuration profile to support fast service deployment.
z It collects hardware resources statistics on the selected equipment, allowing you
to manage the resource efficiently.
At the same time, integrated with the narrowband HONET GUI console, the iManager
N2000 enables you to manage the narrowband and broadband access equipment in
a unified manner.
II. Supports easy topology management
The iManager N2000 provides a visual topological view to facilitate device

management.
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z It can upload the topology data of the new network equipment by means of
automatic topology discovery.
z It supports customized topological view.
z It provides the topological view navigation tree allowing you to navigate views
rapidly.
z It polls and monitors the network equipment regularly, and refreshes its state, so
that the network view is consistent with the actual network topological view. The
real-time running state of the whole network is displayed in the network view.
z It supports the topological view filtration. With this function, when there are large
numbers of network nodes, you can pay more attention to the running state of
the network equipment that you are concerned about.
z It can indicate the NE and link states in real time. The node color and indicator
indicate the device state and alarm information. The subnet color indicates the
most severe fault state of the topology objects in the subnet. The link color
indicates the link type, state and alarm information.
z It supports the connection management among network nodes. It can display the
relationship between the logical connections and the ports in table. It can also
display the information such as the state of the connection, alarm, and
performance.
III. Supports powerful fault management
The iManager N2000 provides the following fault management functions:

z It supports real time alarm. If a fault occurs at a node, the color of corresponding
topology node will change. The iManager N2000 also provides audible and
visual alarm functions. It can be connected with an external alarm box. and
supports multiple alarm report modes.
z It handles the fault information by multiple means. It can redefine alarm levels
and save alarm information to ensure the system efficiency and stability.
z It supports alarm filtering. You can customize the filtering rule to output the most
concerned alarms, and query the current and history alarms. The query results
can be output as a report.
z It supports alarm filtration profile. The profile can be customized on user level.
The alarms a user can query may vary from user to user, which facilitates
dividing user authority.
z It supports the alarm topology positioning. When an alarm occurs, you can jump
to the alarm interface from current interface, which lays the foundation for quick
troubleshooting.
z It supports alarm relationship analysis. You can define rules to mask some
unimportant alarms to reduce the number of alarms, which helps you locate a
fault rapidly.
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IV. Supports flexible performance management
The iManager N2000 monitors the equipment performance data in real time. This
enables you to keep track of the current running state and performance state of the
network. It can also predict the network running state, which helps you make
reasonable plans for the management and operation of the network.
z You can view the equipment performance at any time you want, such as port
traffic, number of currently online users, and user type. The iManager N2000 can
collect and display the performance data in real time.
z When viewing the performance data, you can determine whether to stop or
resume refreshing real-time performance data and to adjust the refreshing
frequency.
z You can collect performance data on a timed basis. By creating tasks, you can
collect multiple performance parameters of multiple objects of the device
regularly or at the specified time. In addition, you can customize a formula to
work out the performance index you are concerned about.
z You can set the performance alarm threshold. The iManager N2000 provides
performance alarm prediction function.
z You can save the real time performance data view as file in various formats for
future use.
V. Supports strong security management
The iManager N2000 can perform network management based on different user
authorities and different domains. It can divide user’s authorities based on different
operations and applications, and can manage equipment based on different
geographical positions or actual services.
The system security management provides reasonable authority management

functions, including user management and user group management. To facilitate the
fault recovery and management, it can define the management category for network
elements and executable operations, and create operation logs for future check.
An administrator can terminate the dangerous operations of other users in time.
The user password is encrypted before being saved and transmitted.
The iManager N2000 provides the address access control function. Only the user
whose IP address is included in the Access Control List (ACL) can get access to the
NMS Server.
To enhance the user’s access reliability, the iManager N2000 provides excellent
authentication measures, including user login authentication and user operation
authentication.
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5.3 NMS Networking Modes
The HONET supports two NMS networking modes: inband networking and outband
networking.
5.3.1 Inband Networking
In inband networking mode, the NMS manages equipment through the service
channel provided by the managed equipment.
Here, the maintenance information is transmitted to the NMS through the service
channel. The inband networking mode is flexible and requires no peripheral devices.
However, because the maintenance information will occupy the service channel when
being transmitted, the maintained equipment cannot be maintained if it is faulty.
There are multiple inband networking applications, in which the OLT of the HONET is
in different positions of the whole network. The following introduces two commonly
used applications.
I. Outband + ATM inband NMS
The NMC connects with the ATM switch through a LAN, which connects with the
MD5500 or the UA5000 through PVC connections. Here, the NMS networking is
achieved by ATM inband channel, so that the NMC can manage the MD5500, the
UA5000 and the ATM switch in a unified manner.
See Figure 5–1.
Integrated NMC
Maintenance Outband IP
terminal
ATM switch
Web browser
MD5500 Internet
ATM Network
MD5500
UA5000
UA5000 UA5000
PSTN ATU-R
UA5000 UA5000
Subscriber
Figure 5–1 NMS networking diagram (outband + ATM inband)
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II. ATM inband NMS
When the NMS networking adopts ATM inband mode, the MD5500 and the UA5000,
the MD5500 and ATM switch, ATM switches, NMS Server and ATM switch are
networked through PVC connections. Where, the NMS Server is connected with the
ATM switch through 155 Mbit/s optical port. Inband communication mode is used
between the NMC and all managed equipment.
See Figure 5–2.
Integrated NMC
155 Mbit/s
Maintenance
terminal
ATM switch
Web browser
MD5500 Internet
ATM Network
MD5500
UA5000
UA5000 UA5000
PSTN ATU-R
UA5000 UA5000
Subscriber
Figure 5–2 NMS networking diagram (ATM inband)
5.3.2 Outband Networking
Outband networking means that the NMS is connected with the managed equipment
through non-service channel to manage the equipment. Compared with the inband
networking, the outband networking can
z Provide more reliable equipment management channels.
z Locate the network equipment information in time.
z Monitor the managed equipment in real time whenever a fault occurs.
Outband networking mode requires additional networking equipment to provide the
maintenance channel independent of the service channel.
The outband NMS interfaces of the HONET includes serial port and Ethernet port.
The HONET supports multiple outband networking modes. Such network resources
as DDN, ISDN dedicated line, E1 line, Router and Ethernet can be used for outband
networking. See Figure 5–3.
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Integrated NMC
Maintenance
terminal
Router
Router
MD5500 Router
WAN
Router MD5500 UA5000
UA5000
UA5000
ATM switch
ATM Network
UA5000
UA5000
ATM switch ATM switch
Figure 5–3 Outband NMS networking diagram
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HONET Integrated Services Access Network Chapter 6 Technical Specifications
Chapter 6 Technical Specifications
6.1 Standards Compliance

IEEE 802.1p Traffic class expediting and dynamic multicast filtering
IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area networks: Virtual Bridged Local
IEEE 802.1Q
Area Networks
IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area networks Specific requirements
IEEE 802.2
Part 2: Logical Link Control
IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area networks: -Specific requirements
Part 3: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)
IEEE 802.3
Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications (includes 802.3ab, 802.3ac
and 802.3ad)
IEEE 802.3u Definition of Fast Ethernet (100BTX, 100BT4, 100BFX)
IEEE 802.3x Definition of Full Duplex operation in a switched LAN
IEEE 802.3z Definition of Gigabit Ethernet (over Fibre)
ITU-T G.168 Digital network echo cancellers
ITU-T G.702 Digital hierarchy bit rates
ITU-T G.703 Physical / electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces
ITU-T G.704 Synchronous frame structures used at primary and secondary hierarchical levels
Frame alignment and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) Procedures relating to
ITU-T G.706
basic frame structures defined in recommendation G.704
ITU-T G.707 Network Node Interface for the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
ITU-T G.711 Pulse code modulation (PCM) of voice frequencies
ITU-T G.712 Transmission performance characteristics of pulse code modulation channels
Dual rate speech coder for multimedia communications transmitting at 5.3 and
ITU-T G.723.1
6.3 kbit/s
C source code and test vectors for implementation verification of the G.729 8
ITU-T G.729
kbit/s CS-ACELP speech coder
ITU-T G.781 Synchronization layer functions

Characteristics of synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) equipment functional
ITU-T G.783
blocks
Characteristics of a flexible multiplexer in a synchronous digital hierarchy
ITU-T G.785
environment
Characteristics of a flexible multiplexer in a plesiochronous digital hierarchy
ITU-T G.797
environment
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Architecture of transport networks based on the synchronous digital hierarchy

ITU-T G.803
(SDH)
ITU-T G.804 ATM cell mapping into plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH)
Timing requirements at the outputs of primary reference clocks suitable for
ITU-T G.811
plesiochronous operation of international digital links
Timing requirements of slave clocks suitable for use as node clocks in
ITU-T G.812
synchronization networks
ITU-T G.813 Timing characteristics of SDH equipment slave clocks (SEC)
Error performance of an international digital connection operating at a bit rate
ITU-T G.821
below the primary rate and forming part of an integrated services digital network
The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the
ITU-T G.823
2048 kbit/s hierarchy
The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the
ITU-T G.824
1544 kbit/s hierarchy
Error performance parameters and objectives for international constant bit rate
ITU-T G.826
digital paths at or above the primary rate
Framework recommendation on functional access networks (AN): architecture
ITU-T G.902
and functions, access type, management and service node aspects
Optical interfaces for equipments and systems relating to the synchronous digital
ITU-T G.957
hierarchy
Digital line systems based on the synchronous digital hierarchy for use on optical
ITU-T G.958
fibre cables
ITU-T G.960 Access digital section for ISDN basic rate access
ITU-T G.961 Digital transmission system on metallic local lines for ISDN basic rate access
ITU-T G.962 Access digital section for ISDN primary rate at 2048 kbit/s
V-interfaces at the digital local exchange (LE) V5.1-interface (based on 2048
ITU-T G.964
kbit/s) for the support of access network (AN)
V-interfaces at the digital local exchange (LE) V5.2-interface (based on 2048
ITU-T G.965
kbit/s) for the support of access network (AN)
Optical access networks to support services up to the ISDN primary rate or
ITU-T G.982
equivalent bit rates
ITU-T G.991.2 Single-pair high-speed digital subscriber line (SHDSL) transceivers
ITU-T G.992.1 Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) transceivers
ITU standard for low-speed Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line without voice
ITU-T G.992.2
splitter
ITU-T G.992.3 Asymmetrical digital subscriber line (ADSL) transceivers - 2 (ADSL2)
Asymmetrical digital subscriber line (ADSL) transceivers – extended bandwidth
ITU-T G.992.5
ADSL2 (ADSL2plus)
ITU-T G.993.1 Very high speed Digital Subscriber Line Foundation – For consent
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ITU-T G.996.1 Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) Transceiver Testing Procedure

ITU-T G.997.1 Physical layer management for Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) transceivers
ITU-T H.248 Gateway control protocol
ITU-T I.361 B-ISDN ATM layer specification
ITU-T I.363 B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer specification
ITU-T I.363.1 B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer Specification: Type 1 AAL
ITU-T I.363.5 B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer specification, Type 5 AAL
ITU-T I.371 Traffic control and congestion control in B-ISDN
ITU-T I.430 ISDN basic user-network interface layer 1 specification
ITU-T I.431 ISDN primary rate user-network interface layer 1 specification
B-ISDN user-network interface-Physical layer specification: 155,520 kbit/s and
ITU-T I.432.2
622,080 kbit/s operation
B-ISDN user-network interface - Physical layer specification: 1544 kbit/s and
ITU-T I.432.3
2048 kbit/s operation
ITU-T I.610 B-ISDN operation and maintenance principles and functions
ITU-T I.630 ATM protection switching
ITU-T M.3100 Generic network information model
ITU-T Q.811 Lower layer protocol profiles for the Q3 and X interfaces
ITU-T Q.812 Upper layer protocol profiles for the Q3 and X interfaces
Fault and performance management of V5 interface environments and
ITU-T Q.831
associated customer profiles
ITU-T Q.921 ISDN user-network interface – Data link layer specification
ITU-T Q.931 ISDN user-network interface layer 3 specification for basic call control
Procedures for document facsimile transmission in the general switched
ITU-T T.30
telephone network
ITU-T T.38 Procedures for real-time Group 3 facsimile communication over IP networks
List of definitions for interchange circuits between data terminal equipment
ITU-T V.24
(DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE)
Modem using the 60-108 kHz frequency band for synchronous data
ITU-T V.36
transmission
A digital modem and analogue modem pair for use on the Public Switched
ITU-T V.90 Telephone Network (PSTN) at data signalling rates of up to 56 000 bit/s
downstream and up to 33 600 bit/s upstream
ITU-T Y.1310 Transport of IP over ATM in public networks
RFC 0768 User Datagram protocol
RFC 0783 The TFTP Protocol (Revision 2)
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RFC 0791 Internet protocol

RFC 0792 Internet Control Message Protocol
RFC 0793 Transmission Control Protocol
RFC 0826 An Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
RFC 0854 TELNET protocol
RFC 0894 A standard for the transmission of IP datagrams over Ethernet networks
RFC 1112 Host extensions for IP multicasting
Structure and Identification of Management Information for TCP/IP-based
RFC 1155
Internets, Network Working Group, May 1990
RFC 1157 Simple Network Management Protocol(SNMP)
Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based
RFC 1213
internets: MIB-II 2.Draft Standards
RFC 1293 Inverse Address Resolution Protocol
RFC 1332 The PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP)
RFC 1483 Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5
RFC 1549 PPP in HDLC Framing
RFC 1577 Classical IP and ARP over ATM
RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator (NAT)
RFC 1723 RIP Version 2(RIP2)
RFC 1771 A Border Gateway Protocol 4(BGP4)
RFC 1994 PPP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol(CHAP)
RFC 2183 Remote Authentication Dial In User Service(RADIUS)
RFC 2225 Classical IP and ARP Over ATM(IPOA)
RFC 2236 Internet Group Management Protocol Version 2 (IGMP V2)
RFC 2328 OSPF Version 2,Network Working Group, April 1998
RFC 2364 PPP Over AAL5(PPPoA)
RFC 2453 RIP Version 2
RFC 2515 Definitions of Managed Objects for ATM Management
RFC 2960 Stream Control Transmission Protocol
ANSI T1.413 issue Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) Metallic Interface Specification
1 & issue 2 (issue 1 & issue 2 )
AF-PHY-0086.000 Inverse Multiplexing for ATM(IMA)Specification Version1.0
AF-PHY-0086.001 Inverse Multiplexing for ATM(IMA)Specification Version1.1
ATM Forum UNI3.0/3.1 User-Network Interface Version 3.0/3.1
6-4
Technical Manual
ATM Forum TM4.0 Traffic Management Specification Version 4.0

Bellcore
ATM Virtual Path Ring Functionality in SONET Generic Criteria
GR-2837-CORE
6.2 Technical Parameters
6.2.1 Physical Specifications
Table 6–1 OLT cabinet specifications
Maximum
Dimensions Maximum weight in
Cabinet power
(Width x Depth full configuration Power requirement
type consumption
x Height; mm) (kg)
(W)
DC input voltage: -40 -
57 VDC;
230 (with two MD5500
H66-22 600×600×2200 900 AC input voltage:
frames)
220VAC±30%,
110VAC±30%; 50/60Hz
6-5
Technical Manual
Table 6–2 ONU cabinet specifications
Dimensions Maximum weight in

Cabinet Maximum power Power
(Width x Depth x full configuration
type consumption (W) requirement
Height; mm) (kg)
ONU60A 436.0×420.0×86.1 9.5 110
460 (with four

F02A 600×600×2200 batteries and three 1020 (three frames)
subscriber frame)
390 (with three
F02AF 600×600×2200 front-access 1243 (three frames)
subscriber frames) DC input
voltage:
1163 (including -40-57VDC
150 (not including
maximum power
batteries); Four
F01D-100 875×400×950 consumption of
batteries weight 50 AC input
temperature control
kg (12.5 kg each) voltage:
device: 400)
4840 power
3000 (including
250 (not including module: 150 -
maximum power
batteries); Eight 300VAC,
batteries weight 100 47- 63 Hz;
temperature control
kg (12.5 kg each)
device: 1000) 4845 power
module:
5500 (including
350 (not including 150-280VAC,
maximum power
batteries); Eight 85-143VAC,
batteries weight 208 47- 63 Hz
temperature control
kg (26 kg each).
device: 2500)
5800 (including
650 (not including
maximum power
batteries); Eight
F01D-1000 1900x550x1650 consumption of
batteries weight 208
temperature control
kg (26 kg each)
device: 2500)
Table 6–3 OLT/ONU frame specifications
Dimensions (Width x
Frame name Applicable cabinet
Depth x Height; mm)
MD5500B 482.60×420.00×444.50 H66-22 front-access cabinet

OLT
MD5500G 482.60×420.00×444.50 H66-22 front-access cabinet
PV8-10, PV8-12,
RSP-10, RSP-12 or 482.60×420.00×266.70 Standard 19-inch cabinet
RSP-14
ONU
PV8-19 or RSP-19 794.00×308.00×280.00 ONU-512A or ONU-1000A cabinet
UAM or UAS 482.60×420.00×266.70 Standard 19-inch cabinet
6-6
Technical Manual
Dimensions (Width x
Frame name Applicable cabinet
Depth x Height; mm)
Standard 19-inch cabinet,

UAFM or UAFS 482.60×350.00×488.95 F01D-200, F01D-500 or
ONU F01D-1000 cabinet
UAFX 310.00×311.20×486.10 F01D-100 cabinet
6.2.2 Environment Parameters
I. Operating environment
The MD5500 is indoor fixed equipment working in air conditioning environment. Table
6–4 shows the operating temperature and humidity conditions of the MD5500:
Table 6–4 Operating temperature and humidity requirement
Equipment
Temperature (°C) Relative humidify (%)
name
MD5500 -5°C – 45°C 5% – 90%
Table 6–5 shows the working temperature and humidity conditions of the ONU:
Table 6–5 ONU working temperature and humidity requirement
Temperature (°C) Relative humidify (%)

Working temperature Long-term Short-term
Equipment name Storage
With sun Without sun working working
temperature
exposure exposure conditions conditions
With air -25°C –

-25°C– 60°C 10% – 85% 5% – 95%
Outdoor conditioner 55°C
-45°C–70°C
ONU With heat -45°C –
-45°C– 55°C 10% – 85% 5% – 95%
exchanger 50°C
Indoor ONU 0°C – 45°C -10°C– 55°C 10% – 85% 5% – 95%
* Short-term refers to the period within consecutive 48 hours each occurrence and 15 days a year.
II. Air pressure
70 - 106 kPa
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Technical Manual
III. Neatness
Density of dust with diameter over 5µm is less than or equal to 3x104 granules/m3. The
dust granule is non-conductive, non-magneto-conductive and non-corrosive.
IV. Chemical environment
The chemical requirements for storage and transportation environment are listed in
Table 6–6.
Table 6–6 Density requirement of chemical active materials
Active material Unit Density

SO2 mg/m³ ≤0.30
H2S mg/m³ ≤0.10
NO2 mg/m³ ≤0.50
NH3 mg/m³ ≤1.00
Cl2 mg/m³ ≤0.10
HCl mg/m³ ≤0.10
HF mg/m³ ≤0.01
O3 mg/m³ ≤0.05
6.3 System Performance
6.3.1 Integrated System Performance
Table 6–7 MD5500 system performance
Index MD5500B MD5500G

TDM switching capacity 4k x 4k 16k x 16k
Broadband switching capacity 5 Gbit/s
Maximum number of V5 interfaces 64 128
Maximum number of VP Rings 3
Maximum number of POTS subscribers (TDM) 16000 48000
Maximum number of POTS subscribers (VoIP) 5000
Maximum number of ISDN 2B+D subscribers 4000
Maximum number of ISDN 30B+D subscribers 32
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Technical Manual
Index MD5500B MD5500G

TDM call processing capacity (BHCA) Larger than 145 k Larger than 316 k
VoIP call processing capacity (BHCA) 75.6 k
Each board provides up to 400 G.711 voice
Call processing capacity of VPU board
channels.
Maximum number of PVCs 32k
Maximum number of PVPs 2k
Maximum number of multicast PVCs 256 (For leaf node, it is 64)
Maximum number of SPCs 1024 2048
Clock stratum Stratum 3
Table 6–8 UA5000 system performance
Narrowband
TDM switching capacity 2k x 2k
Broadband (ATM egress)
Broadband switching capacity 1.2 Gbit/s
Maximum number of VP Rings 1
Maximum number of PVCs for single frame 8k
Each board provides up to 60 G.711 voice
Call processing capacity of PVM board
channels.
Broadband (IP egress)
L2 switching capacity 8.8 Gbit/s wire speed
256. It can be extended to 4k through load
Maximum number of VLANs
sharing.
Maximum number of PVCs for single frame 1k

Layer-2 switching identifies 802.1p tag and
802.1p priority
supports 4 priority queuings (PQs).
5 trunk groups. It supports to bind up to 8 FE
Trunk
ports.
Maximum learnable MAC address 8k
Ethernet port 10 FE ports or 8 FE ports with 1 GE port
ONU-independent networking
Maximum number of V5 interfaces 16
Maximum number of trunks 16 E1s
6-9
Technical Manual
Maximum number of subscribers (including POTS

3600
and ISDN)
Maximum number of SPCs 512

HDLC 32
Maximum number of subtended frames 9
Maximum call processing capacity 40k
Maximum number of subscribers of each frame
288 POTS 144 ADSL
UAM
subscribers subscribers
416 POTS 192 ADSL
UAS
320 POTS 160 ADSL
UAFM
416 POTS 192 ADSL
UAFS
192 POTS
UAFX 96 ADSL subscribers
subscribers
Clock
Clock stratum Stratum 3
Table 6–9 VoIP performance index
Index Performance
Traffic 200 Mbit/s
Input buffer (Jitter Buffer) 80 ms
Voice objective evaluation When the network is in good condition: the average of PSQM < 1.5
When the network is in bad condition (the packet loss ratio =1%,
network jitter =20ms, delay =100ms): the average of PSQM < 1.8
When the network is in worst condition (the packet loss ratio =5%,
network jitter =60ms, delay =400ms): the average of PSQM < 2.0
Voice subjective evaluation When the network is in good condition: the average of MOS>4.0
When the network is in bad condition (the packet loss ratio =1%,
network jitter =20ms, delay =100ms): the average of MOS>3.5
When the network is in worst condition (the packet loss ratio =5%,
network jitter =60ms, delay =400ms): the average of MOS>3.0
Voice encoding ratio G.729a < 18 kbit/s
G.723.1 G.723.1 (5.3) < 12 kbit/s, G.723.1 (6.3)< 15 kbit/s
6-10
Technical Manual
Index Performance
Delay index (loopback -TG.729 < 150 ms, -TG.723.1 < 200 ms
delay)
Voice encoding/decoding <60 ms
switchover time
Voice encoding ratio G.729<18 kbit/s
G.723(5.3k)<12 kbit/s, G.723(6.3k)<15kbit/s
Voice delay G.729<150 ms, G.723<200 ms
6.3.2 System Interface Index
Table 6–10 MD5500 interface specification
Interface quantity
Interface type Interface provided by…
Per board Per system (Max.)
TDM E1 16 118 CESH/DT16
ATM E1 16/8 224 CESH/EA16
IMA E1 32/16 224 IMUB
ATM E3 2 28 AIU
OC-3/STM-1 ATM 4 28 AIC
STM-4 ATM 1 7 AIC
FE (optical or electrical) 8/8/2 56 IPU/EPU/VPU
GE 1 7 IPU/EPU
STM-1 (optical) 2 28 MSUC
STM-1 (electrical) 2 28 MSUC
Table 6–11 UA5000 interface specification
Interface type Interface quantity (per board) Interface provided by…

Network interface
STM-1 ATM 2 H601APMA/H601AIUA
STM-4 ATM (VP Ring) 2 H601APMA
SDH 155 Mbit/s (STM-1) 2 H601ATUA/H601ATUB
TDM E1 (CES) 16/8 H601DEHA/H601APMA
IMA E1 8 H601APMA/H601AIUA
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Technical Manual
Interface type Interface quantity (per board) Interface provided by…

ATM E3 2 H601APMA/H601AIUA
1/10 (2 for upstream interface, 8 for
FE (electrical) H601PVM/H601IPMA
subscriber interface)
FE (optical) 2 H601IPMA
GE (optical) 1 H601IPMA
User interface
CB36/CB37/CC09/CC0H/CC
POTS 16/32
0IASL
ISDN BRI 8 CB02/CB03DSL
ISDN PRI 16 H601DEHA
2B1Q 8 CB02/CB03DSL
E1 2/4 H302HSL/H521SDL
CES E1 16 H601DEHA
V.35 2/4 H302HSL
V.24 3 Provided by MTA
Nx64 2 H302HSL
H601ADLA/H521BSLA/H521
ADSL 16/16/8
B08A
ADSL2+ 16 H602ADMA
VDSL 16 H601VDLA
TDM SHDSL 2/4 H303HSL/H521SDL
ATM SHDSL 16 H601SDLA
Ethernet 4 H521LSL
2/4-wire VF 16 CB02VFB
FXO 16 CC01CDI
E&M trunk 6 H301/H601ATI
6-12
Technical Manual
6.3.3 Protocols Compliance
Table 6–12 Protocols compliance
Voice signaling PSTN signaling and ISDN signaling of V5.1 and V5.2 interface
Voice coding/decoding
G.711, G.723.1, G.729A
algorithms
Gateway control protocol H.248, MGCP
Transmission (control) RTP/RTCP, UDP, TCP/IP
Echo cancellation G.168
Multicast RFC2515
ATM adaptation ALL1, ALL5
ATM service type CBR, rt-VBR, nrt-VBR, UBR
Routing protocol Static route, RIP II, OSPF
NMS Telnet, SNMP V1/V2/V3
6.4 Interface Technical Specifications
6.4.1 STM-1 Optical Port
I. General characteristics
Rate: 155 Mbit/s
Format: STM-1, ATM Over SDH
Category: Intermediate SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) OC3 SDH STM-1

(S1.1) compatible
Mode: Single-mode/multi-mode
Connector: SC
Optical port standard: SAMI interface
II. Optical port parameters
Table 6–13 shows the specifications for the single-mode STM-1 optical port.
6-13
Technical Manual
Table 6–13 Specifications for single-mode STM-1 optical port
Item Unit Value

Nominal bit rate kbit/s 155520
Operating wavelength range nm 1261-1360
Transmitter
at reference Optical source type None MLM
point S
Maximum RMS spectral width (σ) nm 7.7
Maximum -20dB spectral width nm None
Minimum side mode suppression
dB None
Transmitter ratio
at reference
Mean launched power None None
point S
Maximum mean launched power dBm -8
Minimum mean launched power dBm -15
Minimum extinction ratio dB 8.2
Attenuation range dB 0-12
Maximum dispersion ps/nm 96
Optical path Minimum optical return loss of
between S cable plant at S, including any dB None
and R removable connectors
Maximum discrete reflectance
dB None
between S and R
Minimum sensitivity dBm -28
Receiver at Minimum overload dBm -8

reference Maximum optical path penalty dB 1
point R
Maximum reflectance of receiver,
dB None
measured at R
6-14
Technical Manual
Table 6–14 shows the specifications for the multi-mode STM-1 optical port.
Table 6–14 Specifications for multi-mode STM-1 optical port
Item Unit Value

Operating wavelength range nm 1270-1380
Optical source type None LED
Maximum RMS spectral width (σ) nm 58
Maximum -20dB spectral width nm None
Transmitter Minimum side mode suppression

dB None
at reference ratio
point S Mean launched power None None
Minimum mean launched power dBm -23.5
Minimum extinction ratio dB 35
Attenuation range dB 0–6
Maximum dispersion ps/nm None
Optical path Minimum optical return loss of
between S cable plant at S, including any dB None
and R removable connectors
Maximum discrete reflectance
dB None
between S and R

reference Maximum optical path penalty dB None
point R
dB None
measured at R
III. Mean launched power
The mean launched optical power means the mean power of a pseudo-random data
sequence coupled into the fiber by the transmitter measured at reference point S.
Table 6–15 shows the specifications of mean launched power of the optical port.
6-15
Technical Manual
Table 6–15 Specifications of mean launched power of optical port
STM level of optical Standard Equipment typical value

Optical port type
port requirement (dBm) (dBm)
Single-mode -15 – -8 -11.0
STM-1
Multi-mode None -19
IV. Extinction ratio (EX)
Extinction ratio is the ratio of average optical power of the reflected optical signal to
that of unreflected optical signal under the conditions of worst reflection and full
modulation. Table 6–16 shows the specifications of extinction ratio of the optical port.
Table 6–16 Specifications of extinction ratio

Optical port type
port requirement (dB ) (dB)
Single-mode > 8.2 10.5

STM-1
Multi-mode None 35
V. Receiver sensitivity (BER=1×10-10)
Receiver sensitivity is defined as the minimum mean received optical power at

reference point R to achieve the BER of 1×10-10. Table 6–17 shows the specifications
of receiver sensitivity of the optical port.
Table 6–17 Specifications of receiver sensitivity

Optical port type
Single-mode < -28 -37
STM-1
Multi-mode None -30
VI. Receiver overload optical power (BER=1×10-10)
Receiver overload power is the maximum acceptable value of the average optical
power received at reference point R to achieve the BER of 1×10-10. Table 6–18 shows
the specifications of receiver overload power of the optical port.
6-16
Technical Manual
Table 6–18 Specifications of receiver overload power

Optical port type
Single-mode > -8 -5
STM-1
Multi-mode None -14
VII. Permitted frequency deviation of optical input interface
Permitted frequency deviation of the optical input interface means that the long-time
frequency stability of the internal oscillator of the regenerator running in the free-run
mode must not be less than ±20×10-6, so that the downstream SDH equipment can
still work normally when receiving such signals. Table 6–19 shows the specifications
of permitted frequency deviation of the optical input interface.
Table 6–19 Specifications of permitted frequency deviation of optical input interface
Equipment typical value (ppm)

STM level of optical Standard
port requirement (ppm) Positive frequency Negative frequency
deviation deviation
STM-1 ±20 +50 -50
VIII. AIS rate of optical output interface
Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) rate of the optical output interface refers to the AIS rate
outputted from the output interface to the downstream in case of such failures as loss
of signals of SDH equipment input interface. Table 6–20 shows the specifications of
AIS rate of the optical output interface.
Table 6–20 Specifications of AIS rate of optical output interface
Standard requirement
STM level of optical port Equipment typical value (ppm)
(ppm)
STM-1 ±20 1
6.4.2 155 Mbit/s Electric Port
I. Signal rate tolerance of output interface
The signal rate tolerance of the output interface means the deviation between the
output signal rate and the nominal bit rate measured when the AIS is outputted. Table
6-17
Technical Manual
6–21 shows the requirements of the signal rate tolerance of the output interface of the
155 Mbit/s electric port.
Table 6–21 Signal rate tolerance of output interface
Electric port type Standard requirement (ppm)

155520 kbit/s ±20
II. Permitted attenuation of input interface
The cable used to connect equipment (complying with the rule of f ) has a certain
signal loss. It is required that signals after the loss should be received by the input
interface of the equipment correctly. Table 6–22 shows the permitted attenuation
requirements of the input interface of the 155 Mbit/s electric port.
Table 6–22 Permitted attenuation of input interface
Electric port type Standard requirement (dB)

155520 kbit/s 0 – 12.7
III. Permitted frequency deviation of input interface
The input permitted frequency deviation means the maximum of the permitted
deviation of the input signal bit rate of the digital input interface. Table 6–23 shows the
requirements of permitted frequency deviation of the input interface of the 155 Mbit/s
electric port.
Table 6–23 Permitted frequency deviation of the input interface

155520 kbit/s ±20
IV. Protection switching time of interface
STM-1 electric port has the protection function. The switching time means the service
interruption time when switching occurs. Table 6–24 shows the requirements of the
protection switching time of the interface.
6-18
Technical Manual
Table 6–24 Switching time

155520 kbit/s 50
V. Reflection attenuation of input and output interfaces
The reflection attenuation of the input and output interfaces defines the nominal
impedance of the interface and the reflection attenuation. Table 6–25 shows the
requirements of the reflection attenuation of input and output interfaces.
Table 6–25 Reflection attenuation of input and output interfaces
Test frequency Reflection attenuation

Electric port type Impedance (Ω)
range (dB)
155520 kbit/s 8000 – 240000 ≥15 75
VI. Output jitter of interface
The output jitter of interface means the inherent jitter of the output interface if the
synchronous interface has no input jitter with the test time over 60 seconds. Table
6–26 shows the requirements of the output jitter of the 155 Mbit/s electric port.
Table 6–26 Jitter of output interface
Output jitter of electric port (UI-pp)

STM interface level
B1 (f1 - f4) B2 (f3 - f4)
STM-1 1.5 0.075
VII. Input jitter of interface
The input jitter of interface means the input jitter that the SDH line terminal and
regenerator can tolerate at least and that will not cause the decrease of the
performance. Table 6–27 and Table 6–28 show the requirements of the input jitter
tolerance of the 155 Mbit/s electric port.
6-19
Technical Manual
Table 6–27 Input jitter tolerance
Jitter tolerance
STM interface
level Jitter frequency Jitter frequency Jitter frequency
Jitter frequency f4
f1 f2 f3
STM-1 ≥1.5 ≥1.5 ≥0.15 ≥0.15
Table 6–28 Frequency of jitter measurement filter
STM interface level f1 (Hz) F2 (kHz) f3 (kHz) f4 (MHz)

STM-1 500 6.5 65 1.3
6.4.3 STM-4 Optical Port
Rate: 622 Mbit/s
Format: STM-4, ATM Over SDH
Category: Intermediate SONET OC12C SDH STM-4C compatible.
Mode: Single-mode.
Connector: SC.
Optical port standard: SAMI interface.
Table 6–29 lists the parameters for the STM-4 optical port.
6-20
Technical Manual
Table 6–29 Parameters for STM-4 optical port
Item Unit Value

Operating wavelength range nm 1274–1356
Optical source type None MLM
Maximum RMS spectral width (σ) nm 2.5
Max. -20dB spectral width nm None
Transmitter Minimum side mode suppression ratio dB None
at reference
Point S Mean launched power None None
Minimum mean launched power dBm -15
Minimum extinction ratio dB 8.2
Attenuation range dB 0–12
Maximum dispersion ps/nm 74
Optical path Minimum optical return loss of cable
between S plant at S (including any removable dB None
and R connectors)
Maximum discrete reflectance between
dB None
S and R

reference Maximum optical path penalty dB 1
point R
dB None
measured at R
III. Mean launched power
The mean launched optical power means the mean power of a pseudo-random data
sequence coupled into the fiber by the transmitter measured at reference point S.
Table 6–30 shows the specifications of mean launched power of the optical port.
Table 6–30 Specifications of mean launched power

Optical port type
STM-4 S-4.1 -15 – -8 -13.5
6-21
Technical Manual
IV. Extinction ratio (EX)
Extinction ratio is the ratio of average optical power of the reflected optical signal to
that of unreflected optical signal under the conditions of worst reflection and full
modulation. Table 6–31 shows the specifications of extinction ratio of the optical port.
Table 6–31 Specifications of extinction ratio

Optical port type
port requirement (dB ) (dB)
STM-4 S-4.1 > 8.2 8.5
V. Receiver sensitivity (BER=1×10-10)
Receiver sensitivity is defined as the minimum mean received optical power at

reference point R to achieve the BER of 1×10-10. Table 6–32 shows the specifications
of receiver sensitivity of optical port.
Table 6–32 Specifications of receiver sensitivity

Optical port type
STM-4 S-4.1 < -28 -30
VI. Receiver overload optical power (BER=1×10-10)
Receiver overload power is the maximum acceptable value of the average optical
power received at the reference point R to achieve the BER of 1×10-10. Table 6–33
shows the specifications of receiver overload power of the optical port.
Table 6–33 Specifications of receiver overload power

Optical port type
STM-4 S-4.1 > -8 > -4
VII. Permitted frequency deviation of optical input interface
Permitted frequency deviation of optical input interface means that the long-time
frequency stability of the internal oscillator of the regenerator running in the free-run
mode must not be less than ±20×10-6, so that the downstream SDH equipment can
still work normally when receiving such signals. Table 6–34 shows the specifications
of permitted frequency deviation of the optical input interface.
6-22
Technical Manual
Table 6–34 Specifications of permitted frequency deviation of optical input interface
Equipment typical value (ppm)

STM level of optical Standard
port requirement (ppm) Positive frequency Negative frequency
deviation deviation
STM-4 ±20 +50 -50
VIII. AIS rate of optical output interface
AIS rate of the optical output interface refers to the AIS rate outputted from the output
interface to the downstream in case of such failures as loss of signal at SDH
equipment input interface. Table 6–35 shows the specifications of AIS rate of the
optical output interface.
Table 6–35 Specifications of AIS rate of optical output interface
Standard requirement
STM level of optical port Equipment typical value (ppm)
(ppm)
STM-4 ±20 ±1
6.4.4 Gigabit Ethernet Optical Port
Rate: 1000 Mbit/s
Format: 1000BASE-FX (IEEE802.3z)
Mode: Single-mode/multi-mode
Connector: SC
Optical port standard: GPCS interface
II. Multi-mode technical specifications
z Transmitter optical feature:

Refer to Table 6–36 (environment temperature is 0°C - 70°C).
6-23
Technical Manual
Table 6–36 Parameters for 1000 Mbit/s multi-mode optical transmitter
Min. Typical Max.

Parameter Icon Unit Note
value value value
Output optical power dBm
50/125µm, NA=0.20 optical POUT -9.5 None -4 Note 1
fiber (Average)
Output optical power dBm

62.5/125µm, NA=0.20 POUT -9.5 None -4 Note 1
optical fiber (Average)
Extinction ratio None 9 None None dB Note 2

Central wavelength None 830 850 860 nm None
Spectral width rms None None None 0.85 ns rms None
Optical pulse rise/fall Notes 3
tr/tf None None 0.26 ns
duration and 4
RIN12 None None None -117 dB/Hz None
Coupling power ratio CPR 9 None None dB Note 5
Total jitter of transmitter at
None None None 227 ps Note 6
point TP2
z Receiver optical feature:

Refer to Table 6–37 (environment temperature is 0°C - 70 °C).
Table 6–37 Parameters for 1000 Mbit/s multi-mode optical receiver
Min. Typical Max.

value value value
dBm
Input optical power PIN -17 None 0 Note 7
(Average)
Strain gauge type 62.5µm -12.5 dBm

None None None
receiver sensitivity 50µm -13.5 (Average)
TP4 point strain gauge

type receiver eye None 201 None None ps Note 6
pattern openness
Central operating
None 770 None 860 nm None
wavelength
End frequency on
None None None 1500 MHz Note 8
receiver 3dB bandwidth
Return loss None 12 None None dB Note 9
6-24
Technical Manual
Note 1: The maximum output optical power is in compliance with the IEEE 802.3z
specifications and meets the first type laser human eye safety considerations.
Note 2: Extinction ratio is the ratio of average output optical power of output code “0”
to that of output code “1” of transmitter.
Note 3: 20%-80% value without filtering.
Note 4: Laser pulse effect feature can be provided by the eye pattern. The output
wave shape meets the requirements of the part 38.6.5 of the IEEE 802.3 z about eye
pattern mask.
Note 5: CPR is measured according to the standards in the part 38.6.10 of the IEEE
802.3 z and the EIA/TIA-526-14A.
Note 6: P is the turning point defined in the part 38.2.1 of the IEEE 802.3 z.
Note 7: Receiver sensitivity is sampled in the center of the eye pattern and measured
on the condition of worst extinction ratio deterioration.
Note 8: Receiver 3dB bandwidth is measured using the indices listed in the part
38.6.11 of the IEEE 802.3 z.
Note 9: Return loss is defined as the minimum loss of the received optical power in
reflecting in the optical fiber.
III. Single-mode technical specifications
z Transmitter optical feature:

Refer to Table 6–38: (the environment temperature is 0°C - 70°C).
Table 6–38 Parameters for 1000 Mbit/s single-mode optical transmitter
Min. Typical Max.

value value value
Output optical
dBm
power POUT -9.5 None -3 Note 1
(Average)
9mm SMF
Output optical
power 62.5/125mm -11.5 -3 dBm
MMF POUT None Note 1
-11.5 -3 (Average)
50mm MMF
Extinction ratio None 9 None None dB Note 2
Central wavelength None 1285 1310 1343 nm None
Spectral width rms None None None 2.8 ns rms None
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Technical Manual
Min. Typical Max.

value value value
Optical pulse Notes 3 and

tr/tf None None 0.26 ns
rise/fall duration 4
RIN12 None None None -120 dB/Hz None
Total jitter of
None None None 227 ps Note 5
transmitter at TP2
z Receiver optical feature:

Refer to Table 6–39 (environment temperature is 0°C - 70°C).
Table 6–39 Parameters for 1000 Mbit/s single-mode optical receiver
Typical Max.
Parameter Icon Min. value Unit Note
value value
Input optical dBm

PIN -20 None -3 Note 6
power (Average)
Strain gauge type dBm
receiver None None None -14.4 None
sensitivity (Average)
TP4 point strain

gauge type
None 201 None None ps Note 5
receiver eye
pattern openness
Central operating
None 1270 None 1355 nm None
wavelength
End frequency on
receiver 3dB None None None 1500 MHz Note 7
bandwidth
Return loss None 12 None None dB Note 8
Note 1: The maximum output optical power is in compliance with the IEEE 802.3z
specifications and meets the first type laser human eye safety considerations.
Note 2: Extinction ratio is the ratio of average output optical power of output code “0”
to that of output code “1” of transmitter.
Note 3: 20%-80% value without filtering.
Note 4: Laser pulse effect feature can be provided by the eye pattern. The output
wave shape meets the requirements of the part 38.6.5 of the IEEE 802.3 z about eye
pattern mask.
Note 5: TP is the turning point defined in the part 38.2.1 of the IEEE 802.3 z.
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Note 6: Receiver sensitivity is sampled in the center of the eye pattern and measured
on the condition of worst extinction ratio deterioration.
Note 7: Receiver 3dB bandwidth is measured according to the indices listed in the
part 38.6.11 of the IEEE 802.3 z.
Note 8: Return loss is defined as the minimum loss of the received optical power in
reflecting in the optical fiber.
6.4.5 Fast Ethernet Optical Port
Rate: 100 Mbit/s
Format: 100BASE-FX (IEEE802.3u)
Mode: Single-mode/multi-mode.
Connector: MTRJ.
Optical port standard: SAMI interface.
The 100 Mbit/s Ethernet multi-mode optical port parameters are shown in Table 6–40
and Table 6–41:
Table 6–40 Parameters for 100 Mbit/s Ethernet multi-mode optical port (transmitting)
Min. Typical Max.

Parameter Icon Unit
value value value
Output optical power BOL -19
PO -15.7 -14 dBm
62.5/125µm, NA=0.275 EOL -20
Output optical power BOL -22.5

PO None -14 dBm
62.5/125µm, NA=0.20 EOL -22.5
0.05 0.2 %
Extinction ratio None None
-50 -35 dB
dBm
"0" code output optical power PO(“0”) None None -45
(Average)
Central wavelength λc 1270 1308 1380 nm
Spectral width - FWHM 147

∆λ None None ns
-RMS 63
Optical pulse rise duration tr 0.6 1.2 3 ns
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Min. Typical Max.

Parameter Icon Unit
value value value
Optical pulse fall duration tf 0.6 2 3 ns

Transmitter system jitter SJ None 0.04 1.2 ns p-p
Transmitter random jitter RJ None 0 0.52 ns p-p
Table 6–41 Parameters for 100 Mbit/s Ethernet multi-mode optical port (receiving)
Typical Max.
Parameter Icon Min. value Unit
value value
Input optical power
minimum (edge of eye PIN Min (W) None None -30 dBm (Average)
pattern)
Input optical power
minimum (in the center PIN Min (C) None None -31 dBm (Average)
of the eye pattern)
Maximum input optical
PIN Max -14 None None dBm (Average)
power
Operating wavelength λ 1270 None 1380 Nm
Receiver system jitter SJ None 0.2 1.2 nm

Receiver random jitter RJ None 1 1.91 ns p-p
Signal monitoring
PA PD+1.5dB None -31 dBm (Average)
alarm – start
Signal monitoring
PD -45 None None dBm (Average)
alarm - close
Signal monitoring
PA-PD 1.5 None None dB
alarm – delayed
Signal monitoring
alarm start time (from None 0 2 100 µs
0 to 1)
Signal monitoring
alarm close time (from None 0 5 350 µs
1 to 0)
The 100 Mbit/s Ethernet single-mode optical port parameters are listed in Table 6–42
and Table 6–43:
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Table 6–42 Parameters for 100 Mbit/s Ethernet single-node optical port (transmitting)
Typical
Parameter Icon Min. value Max. value Unit
value
Supply current Icc None 50 120 mA
Power consumption PDISS None 0.17 0.42 W
dBm
Output optical power PO -15 None -8
(Average)
Central wavelength λ 1261 None 1360 Nm
Spectral width ∆λ None None 7.7 nm
Extinction ratio Er 8.2 None None dB

In compliance with the requirement for eye pattern mask in Bellcore
Output optical eye pattern
TR-NWT-000253 and ITU G.957 Recommendation
Optical pulse rise duration tR None None 2 ns
Optical pulse fall duration tF None None 2 ns
Data input current (low) IiL -200 None None mA
Data input current (high) IiH None None 200 mA
Data input voltage (low
ViL-Vcc -1.81 None -1.48 V
level)
Data input voltage (high
ViH-Vcc -1.17 None -0.88 V
level)
Table 6–43 Parameters for 100 Mbit/s Ethernet single-mode optical port (receiving)
Min. Typical
Parameter Icon Max. value Unit
value value
Supply current Icc None 75 100 mA
Power consumption PDISS None 0.26 0.35 W
Sensitivity of receiver in dBm
PIN Min(C) None None -31.8
the center of eye pattern (Average)
Sensitivity of receiver at dBm
PIN Min(W) None None -31
the edge of eye view (Average)
Maximum input optical dBm
PIN Max -8 None None
power (Average)
Operating wavelength λ 1261 None 1360 Nm
Data output voltage (low) Vol-Vcc -1.84 None -1.62 V

Data output voltage
VoH-Vcc -1.04 None -0.88 V
(high)
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Min. Typical
Parameter Icon Max. value Unit
value value
Signal monitoring output

Vol-Vcc -1.84 None -1.62 V
voltage (low)
Signal monitoring output

VoH-Vcc -1.04 None -0.88 V
voltage (high)
Signal monitoring alarm dBm

PA PD+1.5dB None -34
– start (Average)
Signal monitoring alarm - dBm
PD -45 None None
close (Average)
Signal monitoring alarm

PA-PD 0.5 None 4 dB
– delayed

AS_Max 0 None 100 µs
start time (from 0 to 1)

ANS_Max 0 None 350 µs
close time (from 1 to 0)
Power noise
PSNR None None 50 mV
suppression
6.4.6 Fast Ethernet Electric Port
Rate: 10/100 Mbit/s compatible
Format: 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX
Mode: UTP/STP.
Connector: RJ-45.
II. Parameters for Fast Ethernet electric port
1) Transmitter interface parameters

z Transmitter differential output voltage
Differential output voltage is the difference between the voltage of both ends of the
balance circuit. The transmitter differential output voltage is the voltage difference
between the differential line TD+ and TD-. The specifications of the transmitter
differential output voltage of Fast Ethernet port are:
STP: 1165 mV ≤Vout ≤ 1285 mV
UTP: 950 mV ≤ Vout ≤ 1050 mV

z Signal amplitude symmetry
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Signal amplitude symmetry is the ratio of absolute value of + Vout to that of –Vout. The
specification of the transmitter differential output voltage of Fast Ethernet port is:
+ Vout
0.98 ≤ ≤ 1.02
− Vout
z Impedance return loss

Impedance return loss indicates the impedance matching. The calculation formula is:
Xr=20lg|(Z+R)/(Z-R)|. Z is the actual impedance, and R is the nominal impedance.
The nominal impedance of UTP is 100Ω, and that of STP is 150Ω. The impedance
return loss of the Fast Ethernet port in the range of 2.0 MHz - 80 MHz meets the
following requirements:
2 MHz - 30 MHz: >16 dB
30 MHz - 60 MHz: >16 - 20log (f/30) dB f: frequency (unit: MHz)
60 MHz - 80 MHz: >10 dB

z Signal edge rise/fall duration
The rise duration refers to the time needed for signal voltage to rise from the base
voltage (normally 0) to steady-state value + Vout or –Vout when a signal is transient.
The fall time refers to the time needed for signal voltage to fall from + Vout /- Vout to
base voltage when signal is transient. In general, the value is 10% - 90% of Vout. The
rise and fall duration should meet the following requirements:
3.0 ns ≤ trise/tfall ≤ 5.0 ns. The maximum difference between trise and tfall should be less
than 0.5 ns.
z Wave shape overshoot
Wave shape overshoot reflects the relationship between the steady-state value Vout
and signal overshoot peak value Vover (maximum change in relative to the
steady-state value in jumping). The ratio of Vover to Vout meets the following technical
requirement:
Vover is less than 5% of Vout and attenuates to less than 1% within 8 ns.
z Duty ratio distortion
Duty ratio distortion refers to the change of pulse width in the transmission process
due to the distortion and time delay. It changes the ratio of the pulse continuity
duration to the non-pulse continuity duration. The duty ratio distortion of the Fast
Ethernet port should be less than ±0.5 ns.
z Jitter
The jitter of the Fast Ethernet port output should be less than 0.5 ns.
2) Receiver interface parameters
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z Receiver differential input

The receiver differential input should meet the technical requirements about twisted
pair specified in the ANSI X3.263. For the UTP, there are 5 models available. Their
attenuations are 5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the worst attenuation. For the STP,
only one attenuation value is available, which is 100% of the worst attenuation.
z Differential input impedance
This specification is represented by return impedance. The UTP nominal impedance
is 100Ω, and the STP nominal impedance is 150Ω. The impedance return loss in the
range of 2.0 MHz - 80 MHz should meet the following requirements:
2 MHz - 30 MHz: >16 dB
30 MHz - 60 MHz: >16 - 20log (f/30) dB f: frequency (unit. MHz)
60 MHz - 80 MHz: >10 dB

z Common-mode suppression ability
The input end should resist the sinusoidal common-mode interference with the
frequency range of 0 - 125 MHz and amplitude of 1.0 Vpp.
6.4.7 E1 Port
I. General characteristics of 2048 kbit/s electric port
z Bit rate: 2048 kbit/s

z Bit rate error tolerance: ±50 ppm
z Code pattern: HDB3
II. Overvoltage protection at input interface and output interface
The input and output interfaces can keep undamaged under the following test: 10
standard electric pulses (1.2/50 ms) with the maximum amplitude as UI (five negative
pulses and five positive pulses).
z Differential mode: U=20 V DC
z Common mode: U=100 V DC
III. E1 port specifications
The specifications of the output interface are shown in Table 6–44.
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Table 6–44 Specifications for output interface
Index Value
No matter what the symbol is, all of the “marks” of the valid
Pulse shape (nominal shape:
signals must be in compliance with the sample in Figure 6–1 (in
rectangle)
the figure, the V value corresponds to the nominal peak value).
Pair in each transmission direction A coaxial pair A symmetric pair
Test load impedance 75Ω 120Ω

Nominal peak value voltage of
2.37 V 3V
signal pulse
Peak value voltage of vacant
0 ± 0.237 V 0 ± 0.3 V
number (no pulse)
Nominal pulse width 244 ns
Middle point of pulse, amplitude
ratio of positive pulse to negative 0.95 – 1.05
pulse
Nominal half amplitude, width ratio
0.95 – 1.05
of positive pulse to negative pulse
The specifications of the input interface are detailed as follows:

z Signal specifications
The digital signals at the input interface must be in compliance with the pulse sample
in Figure 6–1, but can be changed according to the characteristics of the connected
pairs.
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Figure 6–1 Pulse sample of 2048 kbit/s interface
z Attenuation permission
It should be assumed that the attenuation of this kind of pair complies with the rule of
f , and the attenuation on the frequency of 1024Hz should be in the range of 0dB
and 6dB. This attenuation value should include all losses imported by the digital
distribution frame between equipment.
z Reflection loss
The reflection loss of the input interface should be the minimum shown in Table 6–45.
Table 6–45 Minimum of reflection loss of input interface
Frequency range (kHz) Reflection loss (dB)

51 – 102 12
102 – 2048 18
2048 – 3072 14
z Anti-interference ability
No error code should be generated when the following interference signal is inputted.
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The features of the interference signal are as follows. The interfenrence signal has the
same nominal frequency, error tolerance, wave shape and code pattern with those of
the main signal, but these two signals are not from the same source. The ratio of the
main signal to the interference signal is 18dB.
IV. Jitter and drift performance
z Jitter and drift tolerance of digital input interface

The input jitter and drift tolerance of the 2048 kbit/s interface are shown in Figure 6–2.
Peak-peak jitter and drift amplitude value Characteristics of typical frame regulator
(Logarithm)
A0
A3
Slope is 20dB/10-time
frequency interval
A1
A2
Jitter frequency
f0 f10 f 9 f8 f1 f2 f3 f4 (Logarithm)
Figure 6–2 Input jitter and drift tolerance
z Tributary mapping jitter

The PDH tributary interface at different rates prescribed by the ITU-T G.703
Recommendation and mapping jitter specifications, and their corresponding test filter
characteristics are shown in Table 6–46. The response of the filter should be rolled
decreasingly by 20dB/10-time frequency interval.
Table 6–46 Mapping jitter generation specifications
Maximum peak-peak
Test filtering parameter
jitter (mapping)
Bit rate
ITU-T G.703 error f1 high f4 low
f3 high pass f1-f4 f3-f4
tributary interface pass pass
tolerance
rate
20Hz - 18Hz
(700Hz) 100Hz - Unspecifie
2048 kbit/s ±50ppm 20dB/de 0.075UI
20dB/dec d
c - 20dB/dec
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z Tributary mapping and pointer adjustment

The PDH tributary interface and its corresponding combined jitter and test filter
prescribed by the ITU-T G.703 Recommendation are shown in Table 6–47.
Table 6–47 Combined jitter generation specifications
Maximum peak-peak
Test filtering parameter
jitter
ITU-T 0 bit rate
G.703 error f1 high
f3 high pass f4 low pass f1-f4 f3-f4
tributary toleranc pass
interface rate e
18Hz
20Hz - (700Hz) 100Hz -
2048 kbit/s ±50ppm 0.4UI 0.075UI
20dB/dec 20dB/dec
- 20dB/dec
The typical pointer adjustment test sequence is shown in Figure 6–3.
T2 T3
T1
(a) Single pointers with contrary polarities (b) Regular single pointers plus a double-pointer
T2 T3 T1 T3
(c) Regular single pointers with a pointer missed (d) Double-pointers with contrary polarities
Figure 6–3 Pointer sequence
The requirements for the above parameters are shown in Table 6–48:
Table 6–48 Parameter requirements
T1≥10s T1≥10s
For TU pointer T2>0.75s For AU pointer T2=34ms
T3=2ms T3=0.5ms
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6.4.8 V.35 Interface
I. Mechanical characteristics
The mechanical characteristics of the V.35 interface are defined by the ISO2593, and
the 34-core connector is used for the V.35 interface.
II. Electric characteristics
The ITU-T Recommendation V.35 Appendix 2 defines the electrical characteristics of

the V.35 interface clock and data signal as a balanced double current interface circuit.
The V.35 interface control signal adopts the unbalanced double current interface
circuit defined by the ITU-T Recommendation V.28.
As for the balanced double current interface, the interface line adopts balanced
twisted multi-pair cable, with the feature impedance as 80 - 120Ω, signal source
impedance in the range of 50 - 150Ω and the load impedance as 100±10Ω. The
normal working voltage between two terminals of each balanced line is 0.55V±20%.
When the voltage of terminal A to B is positive (A>B), it is defined as binary data “0”.
When it is negative (A<B), it is defined as “1”. The ascending time of any status
change between 10% & 90% should be less than 1% or 40ns of the signal code period
and should take the smaller one as the limit. It should not be damaged when the
generator or the load gets inadvertently connected with the ground electric potential
or has short circuit or crosses with other interface circuits.
For the unbalanced double current interface, the open circuit voltage of the signal
source should be ≤25V and the load impedance should be in the range of 3000 -
7000Ω. The load capacitance should be ≤2500pF. For the data circuit, when the
voltage of the interface point is less than -3V, it is defined as binary “1” and as “0”
when it is more than +3V. For control and timing interface circuit, it is defined as “ON”
when the voltage of the interface point is more than +3V and “OFF” when it is lower
than -3V. The point between +3V and -3V is defined as leap change point. The time
for the signal to pass the leap change point should not exceed 1ms or 3% of the bit
code period, and it will take the smaller one as the limiting factor.
III. Functional characteristics
The functional characteristics of the V.35 interface belong to one subset of the ITU-T
Recommendation V.24, including such functions as ground, control, clock and data.
Table 6–49 shows the definitions of these functions.
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Table 6–49 Functional characteristics of V.35 interface
Abbr. of V.24
Functional M3 Signal flow
pinouts circuit Signal function
characteristics pinouts direction
function number
Receiving clock provided
V RCA 115 DTE←DCE
by DCE –A line
Receiving clock provided
X RCB 115 DTE ←DCE
by DCE –B line
Transmitting clock
Y TCA 114 DTE←DCE
provided by DCE –A line
Clock circuit Transmitting clock

AA TCB 114 DTE←DCE
provided by DCE –B line
Transmitting clock
U ETCA 113 DTE→DCE
provided by DTE –A line
Transmitting clock
W ETCB 113 DTE→DCE
provided by DTE –B line
R RDA 104 DTE←DCE Receive data –A line
T RDB 104 DTE←DCE Receive data –B line
Data circuit P TDA 103 DTE→DCE Transmit data –A line
S TDB 103 DTE→DCE Transmit data –B line
A PG 101 DTE↔DCE Protection ground

Ground wire Signal ground, providing
circuit B SG 102 DC reference electrical
DTE↔DCE
potential
C RTS 105 DTE→ DCE Request to send
D CTS 106 DTE←DCE Clear sending
E DSR 107 DTE←DCE DCE ready
F DCD 109 DTE ←DCE Data carrier detect
H DTR 108.2 DTE→DCE DTE ready

Control circuit
J LL 141 DTE→DCE Local loopback
DTE ←
K TM 142 Test mode
DCE
Remote
J RL 140 DTE→DCE loopback/maintenance
test
Description of functions:
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z The “transmit” and “receive” in the circuit name defined by the DCE-DTE
interface are based on the DTE. For example, the 103 circuit is the circuit through
which the DTE sends data to the DCE. At the DCE side, this circuit is still called
data sending circuit, from which the DCE receives data signals. Meanwhile, the
104 circuit is the circuit through which the DCE sends data to the DTE.
z The control circuit is set to meet the requirements of the communication
procedure and test procedure. DCD is used to monitor the working state of the
communication line and the DCE. DSR is used for the DCE to notify the DTE
whether it is in the working state (Start). DTR is used to notify the DCE through
DTE whether it is in the working state (Start). RTS and CTS are used for the
process control of starting or terminating the data transmission between the DTE
and the DCE. If RTS is “ON”, it means the DTE requires sending data. When
RTS is “ON” and the DCE agrees with the DTE’s request, CTS can be set as
“ON” (positive answer), making DCE ready for receiving the data from the DTE.
z In the V.35 synchronous communication interface, the DCE and/or the DTE
are/is required to provide the clock signal. This signal should be synchronous
with the data circuit to ensure accurate identification and receiving of the data.
Figure 6–4 shows the time sequence of the clock and data in the interface line.
Figure 6–4 Clock and data time sequence over V.35 line
z The latter three test signal lines shall not be required when the V.35 interface has
the background-supported testing function.
IV. Procedure characteristics
The procedure characteristics of the V.35 interface are defined in ITU-T

Recommendation V.24.
6.4.9 Z Interface
The technical specifications of the Z interface include impedance characteristic

requirements and technical requirements for transmission specifications.
I. Impedance characteristics
The 2-wire analog Z interface of the analog subscriber board is the interface for
connecting analog subscriber line. The impedance characteristics of the Z interface is
expressed by return loss (RL). The following shows the technical requirements for the
impedance characteristics of the Z interface:
z Impedance return loss
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Technical Manual
For the impedance test network shown in Figure 6–5, the RL of the Z interface should
meet the requirements shown in Figure 6–6.
680 ohm or 560 ohm

200 ohm
0.1u
Figure 6–5 Impedance test network for Z interface
dB
18
14
Return loss
300 500 Frequency 2000 3400Hz
Figure 6–6 Minimum of return loss for impedance test network
z Relative level at interface point

The input relative level at the interface point is Li = 0 dBr.
The output relative level at the interface point (Lo): Local call Lo = -3.5dBr
Long distance call: Lo=-7dBr
Permitted deviation of relative level: -0.3 - +0.7dB (relative level at input end)
+0.3 - -0.7dB (relative level at output end)

z Unbalanced impedance to ground
The unbalanced impedance to ground reflects the unbalance of the impedance to the
ground of the two-wire ports respectively. The longitudinal conversion loss generated
at the analog 2-wire interface point due to the unbalance to the ground should meet
the requirements shown in Figure 6–7.
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dB
Longitudinal conversion loss

46
40
30
20
10
0 300 600 3400 Hz

Frequency
Figure 6–7 Technical requirements for unbalanced impedance to ground
z Terminal balance return loss

The terminal balance return loss is the back wave generated due to the unbalanced
terminal network. The terminal balance return loss of the Z interface impedance
should meet the requirements shown in Figure 6–8. Meanwhile, under the terminal
conditions (including short circuit, open circuit, and sensibility terminal load) that
possibly occur when 2-wire interface works normally, the terminal balance return loss
of the Z interface in the range of 200 Hz to 3600 Hz should be larger than 2dB.
dB
Terminal balance return loss
20
16
300 500 2500 3400Hz

Frequency
Figure 6–8 Technical requirements for terminal balance return loss
II. Transmission specifications
The transmission specifications of the Z interface in the case of semi-connection are

given below:
z Interface relative level
Definition: Level loss from input port to output port.
Specification: The relative level of the input connection (A-D) is generally 0 dB.
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The local relative level of output connection (D-A) is -3.5 dB, and the long distance
one is -7 dB.
Permitted deviation of relative level: -0.3 dB – +0.7dB (relative level at input end)
+0.3 dB – -0.7 dB (relative level at output end)

z Loss frequency distortion
Definition: The attenuation deviation of sinusoid signals at different frequencies in the
channel in relation to the reference frequency 1020 Hz and the input power level
-10 dBm0 is defined as frequency loss distortion.
Specification: The loss frequency distortion of the Z interface should meet the
specifications shown in Figure 6–9.
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dB
1.7
1.5
Loss
1.0
0.75
0.7
0.45
0.35
-0.3
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.0 2.0 2.4 3.0 3.4 kHz
Frequency
a. Input connection
dB
1.7
1.5
Loss
1.0
0.75
0.7
0.45
0.35
-0.3
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.0 2.0 2.4 3.0 3.4 kHz
Frequency
b. Output connection
Figure 6–9 Loss frequency distortion specifications of 2-wire analog connection
z Variation of gain with input level

Definition: The gain deviation of different level sinusoid signals at 1020 Hz frequency
in the channel related to -10 dBm0 gain is defined as the variation of gain with input
level.
The technical specifications should meet the requirements shown in Figure 6–10:
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dB
1.6
Gain variation
0.6
0.3
0
-55 -50 -40 -10 +3 dBm0
-0.3
Input level
-0.6
-1.6
Figure 6–10 Specifications of variation of gain with level
z Group delay and group-delay distortion

Definition: In the frequency range from 500 Hz to 2800 Hz, the minimum group delay
is the absolute group delay. The average of the absolute group delay of the input (or
output) semi-connection of the Z interface 2-wire analog should not exceed 1500µs,
and 95% of them do not exceed 1950µs. Group delay distortion is the variation of
group delay with the frequency. With the lowest group delay as reference, the group
delay distortion of the input or output connection in the range from 500 Hz to 2800 Hz
should meet the requirements shown in Figure 6–11.
us
900
Group delay distortion
750
450
150
0
500 600 1000 2600 2800 Hz
Frequency
Figure 6–11 Group delay distortion limit value with frequency
z Discrimination of outband signal at input end

Definition: Any sinusoid signal at the frequency higher than 4.6 kHz and with proper
level (-25 dBm0) is added to the input end of the channel as the minimum requirement.
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The level of any mirror frequency generated at the output end of the channel should
be 25 dB lower than the test signal level. This item tests the suppression state of
outband input signal.
Technical specifications:
When any sinusoid signal at the frequency higher than 4.6 kHz and with level
-25 dBm0 is added to the input end, the signal level of any mirror frequencies
generated at the output end of the channel should be at least 25 dB lower than the
input signal level.
z Weighted noise
Definition: Weighted noise is the weighted noise level of the channel measured at the
output end when the input end connects with nominal impedance upon no input signal.
This specification reflects the noise when the audio channel is not occupied, that is,
no service is running.
Coding side: required to be less than -67 dBm0p
Decoding side: required to be less than -70 dBm0p

z Total distortion
Definition: Total distortion is measured with signal noise ratio. Generally, it means
measuring the noise when useful signals are sent. Main components of the total
distortion are quantization distortion, which is the signal distortion generated during
signal quantization process. Therefore, the total distortion reflects the quality of the
encoder/decoder of the Pulse-Code Modulation (PCM) equipment.
The technical specifications are shown in Table 6–50:
Table 6–50 Technical specification requirements for total distortion of Z interface
Sending level Input connection Output connection

dBm0 Li-0 Lo- -3.5 Lo- -7.0
0 35 35 35
-10 35 35 35
-20 35 34.4 33.8
-30 32.9 30.6 28.8
-40 24.9 21.7 19.5
-45 19.9 16.7 14.5
z Crosstalk
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Definition: Crosstalk refers to the harmful transmission from one channel to another
channel. The channel originating signals is called main crossing channel, the
interfered channel is called crossed channel. The crosstalk specification reflects the
mutual interference between different channels.
Input connection: The local end crosstalk does not exceed -73 dBm0, and the remote
end crosstalk does not exceed -70 dBm0.
Output connection: The local end crosstalk does not exceed -70 dBm0, and the
remote end crosstalk does not exceed -73 dBm0.
Note:
The technical requirements above are the specifications in case of the Z interface semi-connection. For
the equipment that can not receive and transmit signals through the digital port, the A-A technical
specifications can be combined according to the A-D and D-A technical requirements.
III. Other technical requirements for Z interface
z Loop resistance and feed current: It supports 2000Ω loop resistance and
constant current feed 20 mA. It also supports feed current of 47 mA, 35 mA,
16 mA, and so on.
z Ringing current: 25 Hz ±3 Hz sinusoid wave, harmonic distortion 10%, output
voltage value 75 ±15 V. It supports a 5-second discontinuous ringing signal of
1-second transmitting and 4-second disconnecting. It also supports multiple
other special ringing modes.
z Signal tone: Dialing tone 450 Hz and continuous signal tone; Busy tone, 450 Hz,
0.7-second discontinuous signal tone with 0.35-second transmitting and
0.35-second disconnecting; Ring-back tone, 450 Hz, 5-second discontinuous
signal tone with 1-second transmitting and 4-second disconnecting.
z Supporting reversed charging pulse and 16KC/12KC charging pulse.
z The AC impedance is adjustable. It supports 7 types of interface impedance,
such as 200Ω+680Ω//100nF, 200Ω+560Ω//100nF, 600Ω, 150Ω+510Ω//47nF,
220Ω+820Ω//115nF, 220Ω+820Ω//120nF and 900Ω.
z Each receiving gain can be set to -3.5 dB or -7 dB. Moreover, the board
(CB36ASL) sending gain can be set to 3 dB, 0 dB or -3 dB and the board
receiving gain can be set to 0 dB, -3.5 dB, -7 dB, -8.5 dB, or -12 dB.
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6.4.10 U interface
I. Definition
U interface is the interface of Network Termination 1 (NT1) and Line Termination (LT)
in ISDN reference model. In terms of code pattern, since subscriber line features are
different in different countries, their line code patterns also vary. For instance, North
America and China use 2B1Q code, Japan and Italy adopt AMI, while UK adopts
3B2T code. ITU-T has no recommended uniform transmission mode and line code
pattern for 2B+D U interface. The following description is only applicable to 2B1Q
code pattern.
II. Basic features of U interface
z Line code
Line code is 2B1Q (2-bit binary code is expressed with 1-bit quaternary code). This is
a 4-level non-redundancy code.
z Line baud rate: 80k baud
z Clock tolerance
The tolerance of free-run NT1 clock is ±100 ppm.
The tolerance of LT clock is ±5 ppm.

z Frame structure
A primary frame should be the 120 quaternary signals transmitted with nominal 1.5ms
interval. A primary frame includes frame bit, 2B+D data bit and Connection Line (CL)
channel bit. 8 primary frames (12ms in total) form a multi-frame.
III. Specifications and program of U interface
The following is the bit allocation and function of multi-frame based on G.961
specification.
z Monitoring function of CRC bit error
Bits M5 and M6 of the 3rd frame and 8th frame of each multi-frame comprise the CRC,
which are inserted into bit flow through transmitter. In receiver, the CRC bit calculated
from the same bits should be compared with the received CRC. If they are different, it
indicates that there is at least one bit error in the multi-frame.
z EOC frame function
In each multi-frame, the Embedded Operational Channel in DS1 Rate Interface (EOC)
consists of 24 bits. It implements the communication between the network and NT1.
The following basic functions are required for the EOC:
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z Operation of 2B+D loopback: This function commands NT1 to loop back the user
data bit stream toward the network.
z Operation of B1 (or B2) channel loopback: This function requires NT1 to setup
single B channel loopback toward the network. Single B channel loopback can
provide maintenance on this channel and the subscriber services are not totally
blocked.
z Recovery to normal: This message is used to release all the uncompleted EOC
controlled operation, and reset the EOC message processor to its initial state.
z Unfollowable acknowledgement: This message acknowledges that NT1 has
received an EOC message, but it is not in the menu of NT1.
z Request degraded CRC notification: This message requests to send degraded
CRC toward the network.
z Degraded CRC notification: This message informs NT1 that the intentionally
degraded CRC will be sent from the network till there is a “Recovery to normal”
message.
z Hold state
IV. Activation and deactivation of U interface
1) Activation
ITU-T Recommendation G.961 defines the signals generated by transceiver during
startup. These signals are used in two start types: cold start and hot start. When NT1
and LT are in resetting state, the activation is allowed either from subscriber
equipment or from the network. The initiator sends single tone in compliance with
ITU-T Recommendation G.961 and starts activation process. In cold start mode, LT
and NT1 should complete the synchronization within 15 seconds, with 5 seconds for
NT1 and 10 seconds for LT; while in hot start mode, they should complete the
synchronization within 300ms.
2) Deactivation
When one of the following happens, the transceiver is allowed to enter the reset state.
z The system cannot be started within 15 seconds (hot or cold start)
z The received signal is lost for more than 480ms.
z Synchronization is lost for more than 480ms.
z Electrical features of U interface
z Output pulse
The nominal peak value of output pulse is 2.5 V. The pulse shape should be as shown
in Figure 6–12 and four-quaternary-characters pulse sample should be obtained from
the nominal sample as shown in Figure 6–12 multiplied by 2.5 V, 0.83 V, -0.83 V or
-2.5 V. The nominal average power is 13.5dBm when the signals are composed of
synchronous framing bits which are of same probability at other position.
Template of U interface pulse template is shown in Figure 6–12:
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–0.4T 0.4T
+3 +1 –1 –3
B = 1.05 A 0.01 0.025 V 0.0833 V –0.0833 V –0.025 V
C = 1.00 B 1.05 2.625 V 0.8750 V –0.8750 V –2.625 V
D = 0.95 1.00 2.5 V 5/6 V –5/6 V –2.5 V
C
D 0.95 2.375 V 0.79127 V –0.79127 V –2.375 V
E 0.03 0.075 V 0.025 V –0.025 V –0.075 V
F –0.01 –0.025 V –0.00833 V 0.00833 V 0.025 V
G –0.12 –0.3 V –0.1V 0.1V 0.3 V
H –0.05 –0.125 V –0.04167 V 0.04167 V 0.125 V
T = 12.5 µs
E = 0.03
A = 0.01 A = 0.01
–0.75T 0 T
F = –0.01 14T 50T F = –0.01
H = –0.05
G = –0.12
–0.5T 0.5T T1814380-92/d33
Figure 6–12 Pulse template of U interface
z Power spectrum density

The power spectrum of the transmitted signal is measured in the bandwidth of 1 kHz
noise power, whose density upper limit should be as shown in Figure 6–13. The
bandwidth of 1 kHz noise power should be selected to determine whether the
measurement is qualified.
– 20
– 30
Power spectral density (dBm/Hz)
– 40
–50 dB/decade
– 50
– 60
– 70
– 80
– 90
1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 1000
T1814390-92/d34
Frequency (kHz)
Figure 6–13 Upper limit of the power spectrum density of the transmitted signal
z Total transmission power
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Feature: It is the average power of signals composed of framing character sequence

that has frame code character and is of equal probability in all other positions.
Index: The average power of signals formed by framing character sequence that has
frame code characters and is of equal probability characters in all other positions
should be between 13.0 dB and 14.0 dB in the range of 0 Hz to 30 kHz.
Applicable range: for all ISDN-BRA interfaces

z Impedance and Return loss
Impedance: The impedance at the nominal driving point of the interface toward
NT1should be 135Ω.
Return loss: RL relative to 135Ω in the band of 1 kHz to 200 kHz is shown in Figure
6–14:
30
20 20 dB
Return loss (dB)
10
0 0 dB
25 kHz 250 kHz

–10
1 5 10 50 100 500 1000
T1814410-92/d36
Frequency (kHz)
Figure 6–14 Return loss relative to 1kHz - 200 kHz frequency band
z Longitudinal conversion loss

LCL=20Log (el/em) db
el=applied longitudinal voltage (relative to the safety ground)
em=metallic voltage generated by the 135 terminal (NT1 should be powered, but not
be activated during the test)
Index:
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F<5 Hz LCL>20 dB
5 Hz<F<281.2 Hz LCL: +20 dB/ deca-octave
281.5 Hz<F<40000 Hz LCL>55 dB
40000 Hz<F LCL: -20 dB /10 times sound interval
Applicable range: for all ISDN-BRA interfaces
6.4.11 ADSL Port
I. Power spectrum density of ADSL port
The power spectrum density of the ADSL port is shown in Figure 6–15.
Frequency f(KHz) Power spectrum density (dBm/Hz)

0<f<4 -97.5 in maximum. The maximum power in this frequency band is +15dBm.
4<f<80 -92.5+4.63×log2(f/4)
80<f<138 -72.5+36×log2(f/80)
25.875<f<1104 -36.5 in maximum
1104<f<3093 -36.5-36×log2(f/1104)
-90 in maximum. The maximum power in any 1MHz frequency band is
3093<f<4545
(-36.5-36×log2(f/1104)+60)dBm.
4545<f<11040 -90.5 in maximum. The maximum power in this frequency band is +50dBm.
Figure 6–15 Power spectrum density of ADSL port
II. Longitudinal balance loss of ADSL port
The longitudinal balance loss of the ADSL port is shown in Table 6–51.
Table 6–51 Longitudinal balance loss of ADSL port
Service interface Service bandwidth (kHz) Specification

U-x interface 28–1104 >40 dB
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III. Overvoltage protection of ADSL port
z Lightning overvoltage
The ADSL port should be able to bear the induction overvoltage less than the set
value upon the subscriber line without any component’s performance lowered. The
peak voltage is 1000 V.
z Power line overvoltage
The ADSL line interface should be able to bear the overvoltage within the longitudinal
electromotive force of 650V/0.5s upon the communication cable without any
component’s performance lowered.
z Overvoltage due to contact with power line
The ADSL port should be able to bear 15-minute 220 V (50 Hz) contact with one or
two conducting cable without any burning danger.
6.4.12 VDSL Port
I. Power spectrum density template
Power spectrum density (PSD) template defines the transmitting power restriction in
the range of inband frequency.
Table 6–52 and Table 6–53 show the upstream and downstream transmitting signal
PSD templates respectively.
Table 6–52 lists the upstream channel PSD templates for schemes 1 and 2
respectively. The maximum transmitting power of these two schemes is 14.5 dBm.
Table 6–52 VDSL upstream PSD template
Frequency (kHz) PSD (dBm/Hz)

0–4 -101
25 -101
138 -101
307 -101
482 -101
3575 -101
3750 -80
3751 -53
8499 -53
8500 -80
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8501 -107
12000 -110
30000 -110
Table 6–53 lists the downstream channel PSD templates for schemes 1 and 2
respectively. For these two schemes, the maximum transmitting power is 14.5 dBm.
Table 6–53 VDSL downstream PSD template

Scheme 1
0–4 -101
25 -101
138 -80
317 -60
1104 -60
3749 -60
3750 -80
3925 -105
8325 -105
8500 -80
8501 -53
12000 -53
12001 -107
30000 -110
Scheme 2
0–4 -101
25 -101
138 -101
317 -80
1104 -60
3749 -60
3750 -80
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3925 -105
8325 -105
8500 -80
8501 -53
12000 -53
12001 -107
30000 -110
II. Outband PSD
Figure 6–16 shows the outband PSD restriction. It is defined that the area between
ftr1 and ftr1+∆fT, and the area between ftr2-∆fT and ftr2 are two transition bands, and
that the area between ftr1+∆fT and ftr2-∆fT is rejection band. ∆fT, independent of
transmitting frequency, is 175 kHz. The transmitting signal PSD inside the transition
band is decreased from -80 dBm/Hz to PSDmax or increased from PSDmax to
-80 dBm/Hz in a linear manner. The transmitting signal PSD inside the rejection band
cannot be larger than PSDmax. The total power Pmax of the transmitting signal of each
MHz frequency band inside the rejection band should be restricted. Table 6–54 lists
the outband PSD restriction parameters.
PSD, dBm/Hz
Receive band
fr fr
Transition Transition
Transmit band band band Transmit band
-80dBm/Hz
PSDmax, dBm/Hz
Pmax, dBm
(in a 1MHz window)
f
ftr1 ftr2
Figure 6–16 Outband PSD restriction
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Table 6–54 Outband PSD restriction parameters
Maximum PSD Maximum Power in a 1 MHz sliding window

Frequency (MHz)
PSDmax (dBm/Hz) Pmax (dBm)
< 0.12 -120 -
0.12 - 0.225 -110 -
0.225-4.0 -100 -
4.0 -5.0 -100 -50
5.0 - 30.0 -100 -52
>=30.0 -120 -
Transition frequency -80 -
III. Nominal inband PSD limit value
To comply with the nominal PSD template, when the frequency is between 25 kHz and
12 MHz, the transmitting power PSD value of the upstream signal cannot be larger
than -53 dBm/Hz; when the frequency is between 138 kHz and 3.75 MHz, the
transmitting power PSD value of the downstream signal cannot be larger than
-60 dBm/Hz; when the frequency is between 8.5 MHz and 12 MHz, the transmitting
power PSD value of the downstream signal cannot be larger than -53 dBm/Hz.
6.4.13 SHDSL Port
I. Reflection attenuation
Standard: The reflection attenuation of the SHDSL interface is expressed by
V 
Re turnLoss (dB) = 20 Log  T  . The measured values of the interface reflection
 VR 
attenuation should be beyond the template shown in Figure 6–17. In this figure, the
parameter meanings are as follows: RLMIN = 14dB, f0 = 3.99 kHz, f1 = 20 kHz, f2 =
fsym/2, f3 = 2. 51fsym, element transmission rate fsym = (R+8)/3, payload rate R = n x 64

+ I x 8.
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Return loss (dB)
RL
MIN
frequency interval
Frequency
f0 f1 f2 f3 (Hz)
Figure 6–17 Line interface reflection attenuation template
Table 6–55 shows the reflection attenuation values of the SHDSL interface when the
payload rate is 2048 kbit/s.
Table 6–55 Reflection attenuation values of SHDSL interface
Test frequency point 905.

10k 49.8k 109.5k 209k 308.5k 408k 507.5k 607k 706.5k 806k
(Hz) 5k
Reflection
21.7 32.1 33.2 30.5 28 25.9 24.3 22.8 21.6 20.5 19.5
attenuation (dB)
II. Longitudinal balance loss
Standard: The longitudinal balance loss of the SHDSL interface is expressed by
V 
LongitudinalBalance(dB) = 20 Log  T  . The measured values of the
 VR 
longitudinal balance loss should be beyond the template shown in Figure 6–18. In this
figure, the parameter meanings are as follows: LBMIN = 40dB, f1 = 20 kHz, f2 = fsym/2,
fsym = (R+8)/3, R = n x 64 + I x 8.
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Longitudinal
balance (dB)
LB
MIN
frequency interval
Frequency
(Hz)
f1 f2
Figure 6–18 Longitudinal balance loss template
Table 6–56 shows the longitudinal balance values of the SHDSL interface when the
Table 6–56 Longitudinal balance values of SHDSL interface
Test frequency point 10

10 49.8 109.5 209 308.5 408 507.5 607 706.5 806 905.5
(KHz) 05
Longitudinal balance 47
73 71.2 66.4 61.3 58.2 55.8 54.1 52.6 51.1 49.8 48.8
(dB) .9
III. Longitudinal output voltage
Standard: Within the frequency band above 4 kHz, the average of the longitudinal
output voltage of the SHDSL interface should be less than -50dBV within one second.
The test frequency field is in the range from 100 Hz to 400 kHz. (Note: If the voltage
unit in testing instrument is dBuV, and the frequency band is 3100Hz, the unit should
be converted. After equivalent conversion, the average of the longitudinal output
voltage of the SHDSL interface should be less than
[(120-50)+10LOG(3.1/4)]=68.9dBuV.)
Table 6–57 shows the longitudinal output voltage of the SHDSL interface when the
Table 6–57 Longitudinal output voltage values of SHDSL interface
Test frequency point (Hz) 10k 49k 109k 149k 209k 248k 328k 408k
Longitudinal output voltage (dBuV) 40.3 41.1 41.5 41.1 40 39.3 38.5 36.3
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IV. Transmitting power
ANNEX B standard: If the power compensation is 0dB, the transmitting power

measured under the condition of 135 ohm should be in the range of Pshdsl±0.5dB. If
the power compensation is not 0dB, the transmitting power measured under the
condition of 135 ohm should be in the range of Pshdsl±0.5dB minus the power
compensation value with the unit as dB. The PSHDSL is defined as shown in Table
6–58:
Table 6–58 Definition of PSHDSL
Payload rate (kbit/s) PSHDSL(dBm)

R < 2048 P1(R) ≤PSHDSL≤ 13.5
R ≥ 2048 14.5
The parameter meanings shown in Table 6–58 are: payload rate R=Nx64+Ix8, P1(R)
=0.3486 Log2 (Rx1000+8000) + 6.06 dBm.
The output power values of the SHDSL interface at different payload rates are shown
in Table 6–59:
Table 6–59 Longitudinal output power values of SHDSL interface
Payload rate
192 256 512 768 1536 1984 2048
(kbit/s)
Power (dBm) 13.6 13.7 13.2 13.3 13.5 13.2 14.1
V. Transmitting power spectrum density
ANNEX B standard: The transmitting power spectrum density measured under the
condition of 135 ohm should be in the range of PSDMASKSHDSL(f). It is defined as
follows:
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Technical Manual
   πf 
2
 sin  
 − PBO K 1 
  Nf sym  1
MaskedOffsetdB ( f )
10 10 × SHDSL
× × × 2×Order
× 10 10
, f < f int
 135 f sym  πf 
2
 f 
PSDMASK SHDSL ( f ) =    1 +  
 Nf   f 3dB 
  sym 
 0.5683 × 10 − 4 × f −1.5 , f int ≤ f ≤ 1.5MHz

 − 90dBm/Hz peak with maximum power in a [ f,f + 1MHz] window of 50dBm,
 1.5MHz < f ≤ 11.04MHz
where the MaskOffsetdB(f) is as follows:
 f −f
1 + 0.4 × 3dB , f < f 3dB
MaskOffsetdB( f ) =  f 3dB
 1 , f ≥ f 3dB
Figure 6–19 shows the PSD template with the power compensation as 0dB, and
payload rate as 256 kbit/s, 512 kbit/s, 768 kbit/s, 1536 kbit/s, 2048 kbit/s and
2304 kbit/s.
Figure 6–19 0dB power compensation PSD template
Table 6–60 and Table 6–61 show the PSD values of the SHDSL interface respectively
when the payload rates are 256 kbit/s and 2048 kbit/s:
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Table 6–60 PSD values of SHDSL interface
Test frequency point (Hz) 10k 29k 44k 65k 80k 90k 200k 400k 600k 800k
Payload speed is 256 kbit/s -30.7 -32.1 -36.2 -61.9 -86.3 -93.9 -105 -109 -109 -110
Table 6–61 PSD values of SHDSL interface
Test
frequency 10k 89k 128k 208k 307k 356k 406k 445k 495k 550k 600k 800 1M
point (Hz)
Payload
speed is 2048 -39.1 -39.4 -39.2 -41 -43.3 -48.8 -55.9 -61.8 -69.5 -87.2 -97 -101 -106
kbit/s
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HONET Integrated Services Access Network Appendix A Introduction to xDSL Technology
Appendix A Introduction to xDSL Technology
A.1 Overview
DSL in the term xDSL refers to the digital subscriber line. All xDSL technologies use
existing twisted pair telephone lines to deliver high-bandwidth data service. xDSL
technologies vary in terms of transmission rate, distance and delay due to the
different modulation and coding.
xDSL implements channel multiplexing by dividing spectrums of the copper wire.

Voice and data services are split by filters. Network topology is composed of the
Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) at the office end and the
Customer Premise Equipment (CPE) at the user end.
A.1.1 Introduction to xDSL Technologies
I. HDSL
High-bit-rate DSL (HDSL) is a well developed xDSL technology. It gains wide

application. It transmits data services over 1–2 twisted pairs at the rate of T1 full
duplex (1.544 Mbit/s) or E1 (2.048 Mbit/s).
z Rate range: Nx64 kbit/s (N=1-32). It reaches 2.048 Mbit/s at the maximum.
z Transmission distance: 5km. It reaches 12km by using repeaters.
z Application: HDSL is a replacement of the T1/E1 technology. It is ideal for
applications of distant learning, video conferencing, dedicated network etc.
Compared with conventional T1/E1 technology, HDSL is more cost effective.
T1/E1 transmission requires a repeater every 0.9–1.8 km, while HDSL ensures
reliable transmission within 3.6 km without a repeater.
II. HDLS2
HDSL2 is newly developed DSL technology, transmitting T1/E1 rate over a single
twisted pair. It uses the same modulation and signaling processing technology as
HDSL.
III. SDSL
Single-line DSL (SDSL) provides high-speed variable bit rate in upstream and
downstream.
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Technical Manual
z Rate range: 160 kbit/s–2.36 Mbit/s. SDSL delivers T1/E1 rate over a single
twisted pair, thus saving one copper wire compared with HDSL technology. It
accommodates an optimized rate based on the traffic volume.
z Transmission distance: The maximum distance is above 3km over 0.4mm
twisted pairs.
IV. ISDN Loop (IDSL)
IDSL transmits 128 kbit/s over twisted pairs by using ISDN terminal adapter at the
subscriber end and ISDN-compatible interface card in the other end.
V. SHDSL
Single-pair High-bit-rate DSL (SHDSL) is developed from the SDSL, HDSL, HDSL2
technologies.
z Rate range: 192 kbit/s–2300 kbit/s by using two line pairs. The rate is adjustable
according to the actual line condition at 8k steps. The transmit rate is in the range
of 384 kibt/s–4624 kbit/s by using 4 line pairs, adjustable at 16k steps.
z Transmission distance: 3–6 km
z Application:
SHDSL, based on TDM, allows the maximum transmission distance of E1, T1 and
V.35, thus enabling long-haul access of FR and CES.
SHDSL, based on ATM, delivers high-bandwidth symmetric rate, and is

supplementary to ADSL.
VI. ADSL
ADSL speed ranges from 32kbit/s to 8.192Mbit/s in downstream, and 32kbit/s to

1.088Mbit/s in upstream. It provides voice service and data service over the same
twisted-pair telephone line.
z Data service and voice service are delivered over the same twisted pairs.
z Upstream and downstream rate is asymmetric.
z Data service and voice service are delivered simultaneously.
VII. RADSL
Rate Adaptive DSL (RADSL) allows transmit rate to be accommodated based on the
actual requirements.
z Data service and voice service are delivered over the same twisted pairs.
z Synchronous and asynchronous transmission modes are supported.
z Rate adaptive: the downstream speed ranges from 640 kbit/s to 12 Mbit/s, and
upstream speed ranges from 128 kbit/s to 1 Mbit/s.
z Data service and voice service are delivered simultaneously.
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VIII. VDSL
Very-high-data-rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) technology supports both

symmetric and asymmetric speed ranges. It provides all-round multimedia services
including voice services, video services and digital services. Rate range: The
multimedia services are delivered over the same twisted pairs, with transmission rate
adaptive. Both symmetric and asymmetric rate ranges are supported. Maximum
transmission distance: 1.5 km
Application: Internet access and VOD etc.
A.1.2 Specifications of xDSL Technologies
Table A–1 Technical specification of symmetric DSL technology
Index IDSL HDSL SDSL HDSL2

ETSI ETR 152 ANSI T1E1.4
Standards ANSI T1.601 Proprietary
ITU-T G991.1 ITU-T 991.2
Interoperability Yes No No Yes
Line Code 2B1Q 2B1Q 2B1Q TC PAM
Speeds 64k,
1.5M (T1), 2.3M (E1) 192k,2.36M 1.5M (T1)
supported (bit/s) 128k,144k
Wire pairs 1 1, 2 or 3 1 1
12,000 ft (2 pair T1, 3 pair
Max distance 18,000 ft E1) 8,000 ft (2 pair E1) 12,000ft 12,000ft
(26 AWG) (24AWG)
7,000 ft (1 pair E1)
Rate adaptive No No Yes No
Repeater support Yes Yes No No
Framer protocol ISDN T1, E1 Proprietary T1
Table A–2 Comparison between ADSL, VDSL and SHDSL
Index ADSL VDSL SHDSL

ITU-T G.992.1
Standards ITU-T G.992.2 No standard currently ITU-T G.991.2
ANSI T1.413,Issue2
Interoperability Yes No No
Line Code DMT QAM TCPAM
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Technical Manual
Index ADSL VDSL SHDSL

Asymmetric, 6–8Mbit/s in
Speeds Symmetric,
downstream, and Symmetric, 12M
Supported (bit/s) 192k-2312k
640kbit/s–1Mbit/s in upstream
Wire pairs 1 1 1 or 2
Max distance (26
3km-5km 1.5km 3km-5km
AWG)
Rate adaptive Yes Yes Yes
Repeater
Yes Yes Yes
support
In the following section, the ADSL, SHDSL and VDSL technologies will be detailed.
A.2 ADSL
I. Overview
ADSL makes use of the available bandwidth of a telephone line to deliver high-speed
data service. The downstream band is between 26 kHz and 138 kHz, while upstream
band between 138 kHz and 1.104 MHz. Correspondingly, the upstream rate reaches
640 kbit/s, and downstream rate reaches 8 Mbit/s. ADSL is capable of rate
adaptability, in that an optimum rate can be achieved depending on the transmission
distance and noise. The ADSL transfer rate is inversely proportional to the
transmission distance.
Figure A–1 illustrates ADSL reference model. TSM in the Figure is the interface
between ATU-R and SM, V is the logical interface between ATU-C and a digital
network element (NE). U-C is the loopback interface at the office end, and U-R is the
interface at the remote terminal end.
CI
Distribution network
V
T SM SM
Bus or star
topology
Digital network ATU-C ATU-R

SM
Splitter Splitter
U-C U-R
PSTN POTS
Figure A–1 ADSL functional reference model
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II. Standards compliance
z ITU-T G.992.1 (G.DMT)

As defined in the ITU-T G.992.1, the downstream rate is up to 8 Mbit/s, and the
upstream rate to 768 kbit/s. Filters are required at the subscriber end.
z ITU-T G.992.2 (G.Lite)
As defined in the ITU-T G.992.2, the downstream rate is up to 1.5 Mbit/s, and the
upstream rate to 512 kbit/s. No filter is required at the subscriber end.
z ANSI T1.413 Issue2
As defined in the ANSI T1.413 Issue2, the downstream rate is up to 8 Mbit/s, and the
upstream rate to 768 kbit/s. Filters are required at the subscriber end.
z ITU-T G.994.1
In consistent with ITU-T G.994.1, the ADSL technology can recognize automatically a
line standard and make adjustment accordingly.
III. Line coding
Three line codes are available for ADSL technology.

1) Carrier-less Amplitude and Phase (CAP)
Using the technology of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), the data are
modulated to a single carrier.
2) Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT)
The data are modulated to multiple carriers, with data on each carrier modulated
using QAM.
3) Discrete Wavelet Multi-Tone (DWMT)
DMT is a multicarrier system using wavelet transforms to create and demodulate
individual carriers.
z DMT modulation
DMT is the most widely used modulation technology. It is a multicarrier system using
discrete Fourier transforms to create and demodulate individual carriers.
DMT divides 1MHz frequency band into 256 subcarrier. Voiceband (VB) frequencies
are from 300Hz– 4kHz in the telephone line. Taken the discrete into consideration, the
frequencies from 0– 25kHz are reserved for the voice service. That is to say, the first
six subcarriers among the 256 subcarriers are used for voice services, and the other
250 for data services.
QAM is implemented in all of the 250 subcarriers for data services. The output
waveforms of each subcarrier are overlaid in the transmit end, and are restored to the
original waveform in the receiving end.
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Among the 250 subcarriers for ADSL service, 0–31 subcarriers are assigned for
upstream data. Two schemes are available for assigning subcarriers for downstream
data. One of the schemes assigns all of the 255 subcarriers for downstream data. In
this case, the upstream band overlaps the downstream band. They are separated by
means of echo cancellation. The second scheme assigns subcarriers 32–255 for
downstream data. Echo cancellation is not needed in such case. 1–15 bits are carried
over each subcarrier. Depending on the line attenuation, delay and noise conditions,
the subcarriers not suitable for data transmission are terminated.
z The upstream and downstream frequencies
4) Frequency Division Multiplexing
The upstream pilot tone is at 69 kHz (subcarrier#16), the downstream pilot tone is at
276kHz (subcarrier #64). The upstream transmit subcarrier is in the range of #7–#31
(#16 excluded), and the downstream transmit subcarrier is in range of #32–#255 (#64
excluded).
Figure A–2 illustrates the FDM scheme.
POTS 69KHz Upstream 276KHz Downstream

Splitter Pilot Tone Pilot Tone
Carrier# 7 16 31 64 255
Voice
26kHz 4.3125kHz 1.1MHz
Band
Figure A–2 FDM scheme
5) Echo cancellation
The upstream pilot tone is at 69kHz (subcarrier#16), the downstream pilot tone is at
276kHz (subcarrier#64). The upstream transmit subcarrier is in the range of #7–#31,
and the downstream transmit subcarrier is in range of #7–#255 (#64 excluded).
Figure A–3 illustrates the EC scheme.
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69KHz Upstream 276KHz Downstream

Pilot Tone Pilot Tone
POTS
Splitter
Carrier# 7 16 31 64 255
Voice 26kHz 1.1MHz
4.3125kHz
Band
Figure A–3 EC scheme
IV. ADSL initialization and rate adaptivity
z Establishing communication channel between DSLAM and ATU-R

Transceiver training: ADSL transceiver performs training in each subcarrier.
Analysis of subcarrier: the transceiver makes analysis of each channel baaed on the
received signals, including the attenuation, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit counts,
and then defines the transmission and processing parameters of each channel. After
the analysis, receiver at the local end exchanges the parameters set with the remote
transmitter to make sure the settings at both ends match.
z Power and rate adaptation
Power adaptation: Increase the power for subcarriers with relatively high attenuation
and low SNR margin, or decrease the power for subcarriers with high SNR with ±3dB
steps.
Bit swap: bit swap enables an ADSL system to change the number of bits assigned to
a subcarrier, or change the transmit energy of a subcarrier without interrupting data
flow.
V. ADSL protocol stack
Figure A–4 shows the ADSL protocol stack.
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Application
layer
Application Application
TCP/UDP layer layer
Application
IP TCP/UDP TCP/UDP layer
PPP IP IP TCP/UDP
Ethernet PPP Ethernet IP
frame frame
ATM cell ATM cell ATM cell ATM cell
ADSL frame ADSL frame ADSL frame ADSL frame
PPPoE/PPPoEoA PPPoA IPoEoA/1483(B) IPoA
Figure A–4 ADSL protocol stack
A.3 ADSL2+
I. Overview
The full expression of ADSL2+ is the second generation full rate asymmetric digital
subscriber line. In 2003, the ITU-T issued the new Recommendation G.992.5, which is
also known as ADSL2+ recommendation. This recommendation, which is derived
from the first generation one, provides more functions, higher access rate, and
steadier performance for users.
II. New operation modes
There are three kinds of operating modes for ADSL.

z ADSL over POTS: ADSL annex A. In this mode, POTS and ADSL services are
transmitted over the same pair of twisted pairs.
z ADSL over ISDN: ADSL annex B. In this mode, ISDN and ADSL services are
transmitted over the same pair of twisted pairs.
z ADSL annex C: It is used under the TCM–ISDN crosstalk condition. This mode is
mainly applied in Japan.
The following new operating modes are added to the ADSL2+.
z Annex I: This digital operating mode is compatible with Annex A in respect of
spectrum. There is no POTS service transmitted on the line, and therefore, the
ADSL2+ upstream spectrum is in the range of 3 kHz to 138 kHz. The number of
sub-bands reaches 31, and the upstream bandwidth is over 1 Mbit/s.
z Annex J: This digital operating mode is compatible with Annex B in respect of
spectrum. There is no ISDN service transmitted on the line. In this mode, the
upstream frequency band ranges from 3 kHz to 276 kHz. A maximum of 64
upstream sub-bands are supported and the maximum upstream rate reaches
2.3 Mbit/s.
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z Annex M: It extends upstream bandwidth of Annex A. The upstream sub-band

starts from 6, and ends with 32, 36, 40, 44, …, 63 based on different
requirements of bandwidth. At the same time, the total Tx power remains
unchanged. In this way, Annex M can provide the upstream rate close to Annex J.
There are two kinds of downstream frequency bands, overlap and nonoverlap,
which are the same as Annex B.
z Annex L: It extends the transmission distance.
ADSL supports two kinds of interfaces, STM interface (PCM interface) and ATM
interface (UTOPIA). Besides this, ADSL2+ also provides PTM (packet) interface,
which bears HDLC over ADSL in non-ATM transmission mode.
III. Higher transmission rate
Because ADSL2+ uses wider frequency (tone 32–511) and more sub-bands (512), it
supports the maximum downstream rate of 24 Mbit/s. Figure A–5 shows its frequency
spectrum. In ADSL2+ Annex J or Annex M, the upstream rate is increased to 2.3
Mbit/s.
Figure A–5 Extended upstream bandwidth of ADSL2+
IV. Longer transmission distance
The transmission distance of ADSL is less than 5 km, while that of ADSL2+ is 6.5 km
at least.
V. Lower power consumption
ADSL2+ provides the power management function to reduce the running power.
z ADSL2+ offers the low power consumption mode, L2 mode. In this mode, if no
user data is transmitted, the system reduces the Tx power to 30% of that in
normal running state, which is only used to transmit the necessary management
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messages and signal synchronization signals. When there is data to be

transmitted, the normal power consumption is restored rapidly.
z The CO and the CPE of ADSL2+ have the function of “power cutback”, ranging
from 0 to 40 dB. This function can reduce the Tx power of the system effectively
during the normal operation. For ADSL, only the CO has such function, ranging
from 0 to 12 dB.
VI. Steadier running and good frequency spectrum compatibility
ADSL2+ has steadier running capability and good frequency spectrum compatibility.
z The receiver determines the carrier sequencing according to the channel
analysis result, which can reflect the channel state more reliably and select most
appropriate tone as pilot. This helps improve the steadiness of the ADSL
connection.
z In the training, the Rx end can test the distribution of RFI signals, and can control
the Tx power of each tone through CO-MIB during the tone is closed. This avoids
RFI and reduces the crosstalk to other pairs.
z ADSL2+ is of good dynamic adaptability. The enhanced bit swap and the
function of changing line rate seamlessly and dynamically in the “show time”
state improve the adaptability to the line parameter variation.
z For ADSL2+, the receiver and Tx end have the function of “power cutback”,
ranging from 0 to 40 dB. This function reduces the local end echo and crosstalk.
For ADSL, only the CO has such function in downstream direction, ranging from
0 to 12 dB.
z The Rx end determines pilot, which avoids that the line cannot be activated
because of the interference of line bridge extractor and Am.
z The Tx and Rx ends control the initialization state length, which optimizes the
function of transmitting and receiving signals.
z ADSL2+ provides shortened training process, during which the faulty connection
can be restored to the normal state quickly.
VII. Line diagnosis function
ADSL2+ supports the dual ended loop test between the CO and the CPE to obtain the
following parameters based on the special line test process.
z Line transfer function
The test result is given in two modes: linear expression and logarithm expression. The
former indicates the information about the amplitude and the phase, and the latter
gives the result convenient for calculation.
z Static line background noise power spectral density
When modem does not send any data to the line, it only detects the background noise
on the line. Each tone has a test value.
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z Signal-to-noise ratio
It indicates the ratio of the signal power to the noise power that is received by the
receiver.
z Loop attenuation (average value)
It indicates the average value of the amplitudes of transfer function of all nodes.
z Signal attenuation
It indicates the ratio of the signal power received by the Rx end to the signal power
transmitted from the Tx end. Actually, it is the line attenuation parameter of ADSL.
z SNR margin
This value is given during the training and can be refreshed on a timed basis during
the normal operation. It indicates the capability of the line connection to resist noise.
z Maximum reachable rate
You can use the following formula to work out the maximum reachable rate of the line
based on the parameters listed above.
 NSC −1  SNR (i ) − snrgap − TARSNRM  

ATTNDR =  ∑    × 4 kbit / s
 i =0  3 dB 
z Actual total Tx power
It indicates the actual total Tx power of the local and the remote.
VIII. Seamless rate adaptive
A telephone cable is made up of multiple pairs of twisted pairs. The electric signals in
one pair of twisted pairs are coupled to the other twisted pairs of the same telephone
cable. Such phenomenon is called crosstalk, which has an influence on ADSL
performance.
ADSL2+ adopts the seamless rate adaptive (SRA) technology to solve the problem of
crosstalk. When ADSL2+ detects its channel environment changed, it adapts the line
rate to the new application without changing BER, thus solving the problem of
crosstalk.
IX. Rate binding function
When multiple telephone lines are bound logically, users can obtain higher rate to
meet different service needs. ADSL2+ supports the rate binding function, by which
two or more twisted pairs can be bound to serve one ADSL connection. Figure A–6
illustrates how the rate varies from the distance when two twisted pairs are bound.
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Figure A–6 Rate variation from the distance when two twisted pairs are bound
X. Channelized voice over DSL
In ADSL2+, bandwidth can be divided into channels that have different connection
characteristics to fulfill different applications.
By channelized voice over DSL technology, ADSL2+ is able to provide CvoDSL

service. By this service, the system can transmit TDM voice service over DSL
bandwidth under the condition of guaranteeing the normal operation of the traditional
POTS and Internet access services.
XI. Improved interworking capability
In ADSL2+, ADSL transceiver unit is functionally divided into different sub-layers,

including TPS-TC, PMS-TC, PMD and MPS-TC. All sub-layers are encapsulated, and
messages among them are defined to achieve the interworking of equipment
produced by different manufacturers.
A.4 SHDSL
I. Overview
SHDSL is developed from the technologies of HDSL, SDSL and ISDN. DSL2
applications are limited by its constant rate delivered. SDSL makes some
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improvements to it, but fails to gain wide recognition. Therefore, ITU-T constitutes
SHDSL Recommendation as a replacement.
SHDSL supports a wide range of transmit rate, and features low transmit power,
spectral compatibility. The transmit rate over a single twisted pair is in range of
192 kbit/s–2312 kbit/s with 8 kbit/s steps. Optionally, the transmit rate over two twisted
pairs is in range of 384 kbit/s–4624 kbit/s with 16 kbit/s steps.
SHDSL delivers data service at the rate reaching 2.3 Mbit/s over length of 3 km. It is
used widely as a replacement of E1/T1 technology, or in applications requiring
symmetric high-speed data service or VoDSL. It is applicable to videoconferencing,
voice bundling etc.
SHDSL advantages are as follows:

z Expand the E1/V.35 transmission distance (in TDM mode) to 3–6 km, four times
that of the ordinary E1/V.35.
z Make full use of existing copper wires to enable broadband service access.
z Provides functions of flow control, service configuration, status check, remote
maintenance over embedded operation channel (EOC).
z ITU-T G.991.2
III. Interface
1) Reference model
If enhanced transmission range is required, one or more SHDSL Regenerator Unit
(SRU) may be inserted into the loop.
Figure A–7 is the reference model of SHDSL for TDM transport. An SHDSL span
consists of STU-C, STU-R and maintenance console. SHDSL in TDM mode is a
digital transmission device over twisted pair in a sense.
Console
SNI U-C U-R U-C U-R U-C U-R UNI
STU-C SRU STU-R
Line interface Line interface
Figure A–7 SHDSL reference model for TDM mode
Figure A–8 is the reference model of SHDSL for ATM transport. An SHDSL span
consists of DSLAM, ATU-R and management unit.
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Management
unit
SNI U-C U-R U-C U-R U-C U-R UNI

DSLAM SRU STU-R
Line Line
interface interface
Figure A–8 SHDSL reference model for ATM transport
Note:
Except the interface, SHDSL DSLAM provides the same functionality as ADSL DSLAM. SHDSL
equipment, along with ADSL, VDSL equipment, can constitute a hybrid DSLAM.
2) Interface
TDM-based STU-C provides one of the following service network interfaces (SNI).
z E1(2048 kbit/s) / T1(1544 kbit/s)
z V.35
TDM-based STU-R provides one of the following user network interfaces (UNI).
z E1 (2048 kbit/s) / T1(1544 kbit/s)
z V.35
ATM-based STU-C provides one of the following SNIs.
z ATM 622 Mbit/s optical interface
z ATM 155 Mbit/s optical interface
z ATM 155 Mbit/s electrical interface
z ATM 34368 kbit/s interface
z 10/100Base-T interface
z 100Base-Fx interface
ATM-based STU-R provides one of the following UNIs.
z 10/100Base-T interface
z 100Base-Fx interface
A.5 VDSL
I. Overview
VDSL can transmit high-speed symmetrical data service at the rate of 13 Mbit/s over
the length of 1500 meters.
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z ITU-T G.993.1
III. Line coding
Two line codes are widely used in VDSL: QAM and DMT. QAM gains wide application
in VDSL commercial applications. QAM advantages are as follows:
z Simple to implement, low cost, low power consumption.
z Adaptive filter decreases the frequency interference.
z It distributes VDSL in frequencies within 900 kHz to overlap ADSL. When ADSL
service is unavailable over the twisted pair, frequencies larger than 138kHz can
be used to deliver higher rate.
z Compared with DMT, QAM requires more precise digital-to-analogue converter
(DAC) and analogue-to-digital converter (ADC).
IV. VDSL transmit frequency band
z ITU-T 993.1 Annex A: Bandplan A
Figure A–9 VDSL frequency band division
Table A–3 VDSL frequency band division
Frequency band fg0−fg1 fg1−fg2 fg2−fg3 fg3−fg4 fg4−fg5

MHz 0.025-0.138 0.138-3.75 3.75-5.2 5.2-8.5 8.5-12
Direction Optional Downstream Upstream Downstream Upstream
z ITU-T 993.1 Annex B: Bandplan B
Figure A–10 VDSL frequency band division
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Table A–4 VDSL frequency band division
Frequency band fg0−fg1 fg1−fg2 fg2−fg3 fg4−fg4 fg4−fg5

MHz 0.025-0.138 0.138-3.0 3.0-5.1 5.1-7.05 7.05-12
Direction Optional Downstream Upstream Downstream Upstream
V. VDSL protocol stack
Figure A–11 shows the VDSL protocols stack.
Application layer
TCP/UDP
IP
Ethernet frame
VDSL
Figure A–11 VDSL protocol stack
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HONET Integrated Services Access Network Appendix B Terminologies
Appendix B Terminologies
ABR (Available Bit Rate)
It is a kind of ATM service. With this service, the network can bear maximum amount
of cells most efficiently, but it cannot guarantee the arrival of the cells. The network
can support the data transmission at different bit rates, minimum ensured data
transmission rate and specified performance parameters. In the general traffic
switching, the network can ensure the minimum loss of the received flow.
ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)
It is a kind of digital subscriber line technology, in which the advanced digital

modulation method is adopted to transmit high-speed digital signals over the
traditional analog telephone subscriber lines. The downstream rate is greater than the
upstream one.
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
It is a kind of connection-oriented network technology, which uses small cells with

fixed size at the bottom layer. It has the potential of using one bottom layer technology
to support voice, video and data transmission at the same time.
ATU (ADSL Transceiver Unit)
It is a complete ADSL transceiver unit consisting of Discrete Multi-tone Module and

AFE Module.
ATU-C (ADSL Transceiver Unit, Central Office End)
It is an ADSL office end device which receives upstream data stream and sends
downstream data stream with high density and low power consumption.
ATU-R (ADSL Transceiver Unit, Remote End)
It is an ADSL remote end equipment, which sends upstream data stream and receives
downstream data stream with low cost and low power consumption.
CAC (Connection Admission Control)
It is the connection resource allocation regulation adopted when the network

connection is created. It is used to determine whether a connection request is
accepted or refused.
CBR (Constant Bit Rate)
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It is a kind of ATM service. It supports consecutive information bit stream transmission,

for example, voice and image services that require the bandwidth in fixed size during
data transmission.
CCS (Common Control Signaling)
It is a signaling mode in which a group of voice channels of signaling is transmitted in

a high-speed data link in the TDM mode. Generally, it is used in the
telecommunications network composed of SPC switches. Since it is usually used for
inter-office, it is also called common channel inter-office signaling mode.
CES (Circuit Emulation Service)
It is a kind of ATM service, which provides virtual circuits similar to the TDM between
local access circuits. This service is realized through the AAL1 protocol.
CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check)
It is a kind of data transmission error detecting function, which performs data

multinomial calculation, and attaches the sum to the frame. The receiving equipment
also performs this algorithm, and checks whether the data are distorted during
transmission by checking the sum.
CTS (Clear to Send)
It is a control signal sent from the DCT to DET, which indicates that the DCT will start
transmitting data.
DCE (Data Communication Equipment)
It is a device used to connect communication network and subscribers, and provide

synchronous clock for the DTE as well.
DLCI (Data link Connection Identifier)
It is a unique numeral allocated to the FR connection end-point in the FR network. It is

carried at the header of the FR frame, and used to distinguish different connections.
DMT (Discrete Multi-Tone)
It is the ADSL modulation technology recommended by the ANSI T1.413. The main
principle is to divide the frequency band (0-1.104MHz) into 256 quadrature
sub-channels indicated by frequency (each sub-channel occupies 4kHz bandwidth).
The input signal, after the bit allocation and buffering, is divided into bit blocks. After
the time compressed multiplex (TCM) coding and 512-point Inverse Discrete Fourier
Transform (IDFT), the signal is transformed to time domain. At this time, the bit blocks
will be transformed to 256 QAM sub-characters. Afterward, a cyclic prefix (used to
eliminate inter-symbol interference) is added to each bit block. Then, the signal is sent
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to the channel by the sending filter after digital-analog (DA) conversion. At the
receiving end, the reverse order is taken to receive and decode the signal.
DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer)
It is an office-end equipment used to converge and distribute the ADSL access

service.
DTE (Data Terminal Equipment)
It is a device at the subscriber end. It is generally connected to the network through

the DCE, and adopts the synchronous clock provided by the DCE.
DTR (Data Terminal Ready)
It is a kind of interface control signal sent from the DTE to DCE, which is used to
inform the DCE that the DTE has been ready.
EOC (Embedded Operations Channel)
It is one of the overhead channels, which is used for the communication of the ATU-C
with ATU-R, the online and offline maintenance, as well as the collection of ATU-R
status information and performance monitoring parameters.
FECN (Forward Explicit Congestion Notification)
It is one bit in the FR data frame, which is set by the network where congestion occurs.
It is used to notify the user to start the congestion-avoiding program and it indicates
the information flow in the same direction of the frame carrying the BECN indication.
FR (Frame Relay)
The frame relay service provides bi-directional transmission of subscriber information

stream between subscribers and network interfaces, and keeps information sequence
unchanged. The subscriber information is transmitted with the unit of frame, and the
subscriber information stream is counted and multiplexed. Frame relay is a major
technology generated in the ISDN standardization process. As a kind of transmission
technology, it is developed based on the X.25 packet switching technology under the
conditions that the digital fiber transmission lines have taken the place of the existing
analog lines gradually and the subscriber terminals become much more intelligent.
HDB3 (High Density Bipolar of Order 3 Code)
It is a kind of E1 line coding mode.
MIB (Management Information Base)
It is the objective collection that can be accessed through the network management
protocol (such as SNMP).
NNI (Network-Network Interface)
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It is the inter-node interface in the same network recommended by ITU-T. The ATM
Association prescribes two standards: one is called PNNI used in the private network,
and the other is called common NNI used in the common network.
RTS (Request to Send)
It is a control signal sent from the DTE to DCE, notifying the DCE that the DTE has
data to transmit.
SAR (Segmentation and Reassembly)
It is used to segment the information frames into the ATM cells in the output source,
and reassemble these ATM cells into the information frames in the destination
equipment. These activities take place in the lower parts of the AAL, and each type of
AAL has its own SAR format.
SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio)
It is an electric parameter that indicates the relative size of the constant signal to the
noise.
SRTS (Synchronous Residual Time Stamp)
It is a method used for AAL1 to restore the clock of the sending end at the receiving
end. The AAL1 detects the frequency margin (residual timestamp) between the
sending clock and network clock at the sending end. The margin value, as part of the
sequence flag field of the AAL1 frame format, is transmitted through the network, and
the receiving end can regenerate the sending clock signal according to this
timestamp.
UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate)
It is a non-real-time application service, of which the delay needs not to be restricted

strictly. This application includes the traditional computer communication application
program, for example, file transmission or E-mail.
VBR (Variable Bit Rate)
In the ATM, the service with variable bit rate can generate the variable throughput rate.
Based on whether the throughput rate is generated in real time, it can be divided into
two kinds of services, nrt-VBR service and rt-VBR.
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HONET Integrated Services Access Network Appendix C Abbreviations and Acronyms
Appendix C Abbreviations and Acronyms
A
AAL ATM Adaptation Layer
AAL1 ATM Adaptation Layer Type 1
AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer 5
ACL Access Control List
ACM Adaptive Clock Method
ADC Analog Digit Converter
ADM Add/Drop Multiplexer
ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
AG Access Gateway
AIS Alarm Indication Signal
AMI Alternate Mark Inversion code
AN Access Network
ANSI American National Standard Institute
APS Automatic Protection Switching
ARP Address Resolution Protocol
ASL Analog Subscriber Line Board
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATU-C ADSL transceiver unit, central office end
ATU-R ADSL transceiver unit, remote end
AU Administrative Unit
B
BAS Broadband Access Server
BER Bit Error Ratio
BHCA Busy Hour Call Attempt
B-ISDN Broadband Integrated Services Digital Networks
BITS Building Integrated Timing Supply system
Battery feeding, Overvoltage protection, Ringing control, Supervision, CODEC&
BORSCHT
filter, Hybrid circuit and Test
BRA Basic Rate Access
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BRI Basic Rate Interface

C
CAC Connection Admission Control
CAP Carrierless Amplitude Modulation
CAR Committed Access Rate
CBR Constant Bit Rate
CES Circuit Emulation Service
CHAP Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol
CID Caller Identification Display
CL Connection Line
CLIP Calling Line Identification Presentation
CMM Capability Maturity Model
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
CPU Center Processing Unit
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
D
DAC Digit-Analog Converter
DC Direct Current
DCC Data Communication Channel
DCD Data Carrier Detected
DCE Data Circuit-terminal Equipment
DDI Direct-Dialing-In
DDN Digital Data Network
DMT Discrete Multi-tone
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
DSR Data Set Ready
DSU Data Service Unit
DTE Data Terminal Equipment
DTMF Dual Tone Multi-Frequency
DTR Data Terminal Ready
DWMT Discrete Wavelet Multi-Tone
E
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EC Echo Cancellation
ECC Embedded Control Channel
EIA Electronics Industry Association
EOC Embedded Operations Channel in DS1 Rate Interface
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
F
FDD Frequency Division Duplex
FDM Frequency-Division Multiplexing
FE Fast Ethernet
FEC Forward Error Correction
FoIP Fax over IP
FSK Frequency Shift Keying
FTTB Fiber To The Building
FTTC Fiber To The Curb
FWHM full-width at half maximum
FXO Foreign Exchange Office
G
GE Gigabit Ethernet
GUI Graphic User Interface
H
HDLC High-speed Data link Control
HDSL High-speed digital subscriber line
HW Highway
I
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
IMA Inverse Multiplexing for ATM
IP Internet Protocol
IPoA IP over ATM
IPoE IP over Ethernet
IPoEoA IP over Ethernet over ATM
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ITU International Telecommunications Union
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International Telecommunication Union- Telecommunication Standardization

ITU-T
Sector
L
LAN Local Area Network
LE Local Exchange
LED Light Emitting Diode
LOF Loss Of Frame
LOS Loss Of Signal
LT Line Termination
M
MDF Main Distribution Frame
MFC Multiple Frequency Control
MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol
MIB Management Information Base
MLM Multi-Longitudinal Mode (laser)
MoIP Modem over IP
MSN Multi-subscriber Number
MSTP Multi-Service Transmission Platform
MTA Multifunctional Terminal Adapter
N
NA Not applicable
NAT Network Address Translation
NGN Next Generation Network
N-ISDN Narrow-band ISDN
NNI Network Node Interface (Network-to-Network)
nrt-VBR Non-Real Time Variable Bit Rate
NT Network Termination
O
OAM Operation and Maintenance
OLT Optical Line Terminal
ONU Optical Network Unit
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
P
PAR Peak to Average
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PBX Private Branch Exchange

PCM Pulse-Code Modulation
PCR Peak Cell Rate
PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
PNNI Private Network-Network Interface
POTS Plain Old Telephone Service
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
PPPoA PPP over ATM
PPPoE PPP Over Ethernet
PRA Primary Rate Access
PRI Primary Rate Interface
PSD Power Spectrum Density
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PVC Permanent Virtual Channel
PVP Permanent Virtual Path
Q
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QoS Quality of Service
R
RIP Routing Information Protocol
RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol
RTP Real-time Transport Protocol
RTU Remote Test Unit
rt-VBR real time Variable Bit Rate
S
SAR Segmentation And Reassembly
SCR Sustainable Cell Rate
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDT Structured Data Transfer
SF Signal Fail
SHDSL Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
SM Switching Module
SNI Service Node Interface
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
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SNR Signal-to-noise ratio

SONET Synchronous Optical Network
SRTS Synchronous Residual Time Stamp
SRU SHDSL Regenerator Unit
SSM Synchronization Status Message
STM Synchronous Transfer Mode
STP Shielded Twisted Pair
SVC Switched Virtual Channel
T
TCM Time Compressed Multiplex
TCP Transport Control Protocol
TDM Time Division Multiplex
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TMN Telecommunications Management Network
TTL time to live
TU Tributary Unit
U
UBR Unspecified Bit Rate
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UDT Unstructured Data Transfer
UNI User Network Interface
UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair
V
VBR Variable Bit Rate
VC Virtual Channel
VCC Virtual Channel Connection
VCI Virtual Channel Identifier
VDSL Very High Speed DSL
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
VOD Video on Demand
VoIP Voice over IP
VP Virtual Path
VPC Virtual Path Connection
VPI Virtual Path Identifier; Virtual Path Identifier
C-6
Technical Manual
VPL Virtual Path Link

W
WAN Wide Area Network
WRR Weighted Round Robin
WWW World Wide Web
X
xDSL x Digital Subscriber Line
C-7

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Chapter 1 System Overview ...........................................................................

Appendix C Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................... C-1

HONET Integrated Services Access Network

Manual Version T2-050263-20040920-C-6.71

Product Version V600R007

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,

Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Postal Code: 518129

All Rights Reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any

, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, , ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,

Documentation CD The CD contains the whole set of manuals.

Documentation CD The CD contains the set of manuals.

The manual is intended for the following readers:

Chapter 1 System Overview ......................................................................................................... 1-1

Chapter 2 System Composition ................................................................................................... 2-1

2.3.1 Logical Structure ..................................................................................................... 2-9

Chapter 3 Service Implementation .............................................................................................. 3-1

Chapter 4 Networking Applications............................................................................................. 4-1

4.1.7 Single-Layer Networking ......................................................................................... 4-8

Chapter 5 Network Management System.................................................................................... 5-1

Chapter 6 Technical Specifications............................................................................................. 6-1

Appendix A Introduction to xDSL Technology ..........................................................................A-1

Appendix C Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................................................C-1

Chapter 1 System Overview

With the increasing demands on telecommunication services, the carriers need an

1.1 About Integrated Services Access Network

An integrated services access network is very often built up over a Synchronous

Network side Integrated Services Access Network Subscriber side

Figure 1–1 Overall structure of the integrated service access network

1.2 About the HONET

1.2.1 Technical Breakthroughs

These breakthroughs include the “narrowband-and-broadband integrated platform”,

– UA5000 Universal Access Unit (the UA5000 for short)

– PV8 frames (PV8-6, PV8-10 or PV8-12)

– RSP frames (RSP-6, RSP-10, RSP-12 or RSP-14)

1.2.3 System Architecture

See Figure 1–2.

Network side HONET Subscriber side

Figure 1–2 HONET overall structure (two-layer)

II. Single-layer networking

See Figure 1–3.

Network side HONET Subscriber side

Figure 1–3 HONET overall structure (single layer)

1.3 Major Service Offerings

1.3.1 Traditional Voice Services

The HONET supports the following voice-related functions:

1.3.2 NGN-Oriented Voice Services

These services are described as follows.

1.3.3 Broadband Access Services

The features are as follows.

1.3.4 Broadband/Narrowband Leased Line Services

I. DDN leased line

II. CES leased line

III. LAN interconnection

z Provides Ethernet ports.

IV. Common 2-wire/4-wire VF leased line

Establishes voice or data service interconnection for leased line subscribers.

1.4 External Interfaces

1.4.1 Service Interfaces

Table 1–1 lists the service interfaces provided by the MD5500.

Table 1–1 Service interfaces provided by the MD5500