MGMT623 Leadership Amp Team Management

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FINAL TERM PAPERS Virtual University 2010

MGMT 623 Leadership and team management
List of final term Questions

Paper # 1
Q1- What is the learning organization? 3 marks
Q2- What creativity is and how can an organization foster creativity in its
employees. 3 marks
Q3- Explain the process of meeting in detail. Clarify each and every step. 5
marks
Q4-Compare and contrast internal and external forces of change. 5 marks
Q5- Why is team decision making preferable over individual decision

making? 5 marks
Paper # 2
Q1- What are actions taken up in the follow up section of the meetings? 3
marks
Q2- Explain Levin’s process for change. 3 marks
Q3- As a Manager how can you promote functional conflict within an

organization. 5 marks
Q4- What are the factors that can help a build a learning organization. 5
marks
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Q5- As a Manager how can you promote ethical behavior in an
organization. Paper # 3
1-Success factors of virtual teams 3 marks

2-Three qualities of leaders 3 marks
3-What lesson can be learned from animals concerning team play? 5 marks
4-When members/groups of team are at distant place what would they use
to solve their problems? 5 marks
5-What are the Facilitating Factors that Encourage the Building of a
Learning Organization 5 marks
Paper # 4
Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 )
According to ___________ view quality means meeting or exceeding
customer expectations.
Poorly trained operator is an example of ___________.
Six Sigma was developed by _________ to improve its business processes.
ISO 9001 and ISO 9004 are known as __________.
Scatter diagram is used to measure __________ between two variables.
Explain the total quality philosophy of training.
Explain the purpose of a Pareto Chart. Give an example of when it should
be used.
Why do some quality initiatives fail?
Defend the statement that the operator of the process should be the owner
and data plotter of the control chart, as opposed to a person from quality
assurance or engineer.
Explain the following statement “Successful implementation of
empowerment requires change in the corporate culture.”
Paper # 5
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Juran defines quality as “fitness for use". Comment on this statement.
List down the principles of total quality. Explain continuous
improvement and learning principle. (Marks=6+4)
Paper # 6

When does culture effects on behavior?
Culture always effects on behavior as we exert actions and make things that
resides in our society. A good behavior is indeed grown up in healthy
environment and it always needs.

How leaders become powerful? Identify two faces of power.
Leader becomes powerful by getting motivational support by his followers
and it is same time drawback if he get something wrong. Some times power
ruins us.

How can charismatic leadership hurt an organization?
A charismatic leadership can hurt an organization in many ways, you
should make the procedures & rules that organization never depends upon
single personality there should be alternate to the leadership who can
takeover in any deadlock.

What are the five common ingredients of great leaders? Comment in the
light of theory provided by Warren Bennis
1. Open to all questions.

2. Dynamic
3. Effective influence over his followers.
4. Motivational
5. Proactive
6. Take team go beyond the minds of his followers.
Paper # 7
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Discuss the difference between a work group and a work team.
Identify and describe the different types of communication flows.
Describe the limitations of trait theory.
List and describe the four most common types of teams likely to be found
in today’s organizations.
****************************************************
List of final term MCQz
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following is not a behavioral theory of leadership?
• Ohio State studies
• Fiedler model
• University of Michigan studies
• Managerial grid

The two dimensions of leader behavior explained in the Ohio State studies
are
• Coercion and motivation
• Concern for people and concern for production
• Employee-oriented and production-oriented
• Initiating structure and consideration

A leader high in initiating structure would do which of the following?
• Seek consensus.
• Exhibit laissez-faire type of leadership.
• Maximize leader-member relations.
• Assign group members to particular tasks.

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The graphic portrayal of a two-dimensional view of leadership style by
Blake and Mouton is known as the ----------------------- .
• Least preferred co-worker scale
• Leader-participation model
• Autocratic-democratic continuum
• Managerial grid

Power can be defined as ------------------------ .
• The ability to influence the behavior of others
• The actualization of the dependency of others
• Congruence between the goals of the leader and those being led
• Downward influence on one’s followers

Leadership research emphasizes
--------- .
• Style
• Persuasion
• Power
• Communication

Legitimate power is based on --------------------- .
• Positive rewards
• Interpersonal trust
• Structural position
• Expert knowledge
Individuals are in reality independent of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

Ayesha has a job which pays an excellent salary. She has a good relationship
with her peers and her supervisors. She also likes the fact that the company
policy fits well with what she personally believes, and that she has received
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considerable recognition for her achievements at the company. Which of
these factors is most likely responsible for the fact that Ayesha loves her
job?
• High compensation
• Good nature of peer relationships
• Good nature of supervisor relationships
• Recognition for her achievements

According to McClelland, individuals who have a desire to excel and to
succeed are high in ------------------------- .
• nPow
• nAch
• nMot
• nAff
Ref: McCLELLAND'S THREE NEEDS THEORY
1. nACH:
need for achievement: drive to excel: drive to achieve in relation to a
set of standards; to strive to succeed.
2. nPOW:
need for power: the need to make others behave in a way that they
would not have behaved otherwise.
3. nAFF:
need for affiliation: the desire for friendly and close interpersonal
relationships.
High nACH:
Some people like goals, some do not. These people are high achieves.
• they are not gamblers

• they avoid very easy or very difficult tasks
• low odds of losing present no challenge to their skills
• high odds of losing offer no rewards from happenstance success
• get most satisfaction from "50-50 odds
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High nPOW:
• these people like being "in charge"

• more interested in the prestige of power than in effective performance
High nAFF:
• these people strive for friendship

• prefer cooperative rather than competitive situations
• desire relationships with a high degree of mutual understanding

Individuals with a high need to achieve prefer all of the following except
----------------------
• Job situations with personal responsibility
• A high degree of risk
• Overcoming obstacles
• Feedback

Informal communication can be used to control behavior.
• True
• False

Most conflicts are resolved by the completion of the first stage in a group’s
development.
• True
• False
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The norming stage of group development is characterized by friendship.
• True
• False

As a result of self-managed teams, supervisory positions may be eliminated.
• True
• False

Membership on virtual teams is usually restricted to employees living within
the same country.
• True
• False

In -------------teams, members share ideas and information for
improvement.

In Maslow’s need theory salary refers to ------------------------------ needs.

-----------------------defines the grouping of activities in an organization.

In management, number of employs working under one boss in referred to
--------------
A leader with attractive personality and style influences his subordinates
with ---------------power.
What is a conflict? Discuss the conflict process by taking a particular

organizational example.
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18) To reach Generation Y, rock band Foo Fighters created a digital street
team that sends targeted e-mail messages to members who “get the latest
news, exclusive audio/video sneak previews, tons of chances to win great
Foo Fighters prizes, and become part of the Foo Fighters Family.” Which of
the following techniques for reaching Generation Y are the Foo Fighters
using?
A. Student ambassadors
B. Cool events
C. Online buzz
D. Computer games
E. Unconventional sports
19) “Power prices” use price as a key strategic tool. These “power prices”
have discovered the highly ________ effect of price on the botXXX XXne.
A. dramatic
B. leveraged
C. soothing
D. direct E. abrasive
20) New-to-the- world products are ________.
A. new products that supplement established product lines (package sizes,
flavors, and so on)
B. new products that allow a company to enter an established market for the
first time
C. new products that create an entirely new market
D. existing products that are targeted to new markets or market segments
E. new products that provide improved performance or greater perceived
value and replace existing products
21) Marketing communications can contribute to brand equity by

establishing the brand in memory and to________ (in)a brand image.
A. communicate
B. create demand
C. create interest
D. craft
23) Major retailer types include the following EXCEPT ________.

A. the Internet
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B. catalog showroom
C. discount store
D. specialty store
E. superstore
24) Which of the following is NOT included in the definition of conflict?
A. perception
B. negative effects
C. disruption of tasks
D. something that is cared about
E. incompatibility
25) The two general approaches to bargaining are known as ________.
A. emotional and rational.
B. formal and informal.
C. affective and reflective
D. distributive and integrative
E. legal and restrictive
26) _____ bargaining is negotiation that seeks to divide a “fixed pie.”
A. Integrative
B. Conjunctive
C. Reflective
D. Distributive E. Affective
27) Which level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs deals with satisfying one’s
hunger, thirst, and need for sex?
A. physiological
B. psychological
C. social
D. safety
E. esteem
28) John Kotter’s view argues that management focuses on coping with
complexity, whereas leadership focuses on coping with _____.
A. morale
B. change
C. defeat
D. success
E. conflict
29) Which of the following statements about leadership is true?
A. leaders are hierarchically superior to followers.
B. Nonsanctioned leadership is as important as or more important than
formal influence.
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C. managers are leaders.
D. Formal rights enable managers to lead effectively.
E. leaders are managers.
30) Which of the following statements best defines a work group?
A. A work group is a group comprised of 10 or more people
B. The performance of a work group is generally greater than the sum
of its inputs from individual members.
C. A work group consists of 3 or more people who take on self-supervising
responsibilities.
D. A work group consists of 3 or more people from across departmental or
functional lines. E. A work group interacts primarily to share information,
rather than to engage in work that requires joint effort.
31) Which type of skill training has become increasingly important in

organizations?
A. social
B. financial
C. problem solving
D. interpersonal E. technical
32) _____ can be used to increase the perception that employees are treated
fairly.
A. Focusing on subjective evaluations
B. Selective evaluation
C. Multiple raters
D. Documenting with a journal
E. Due process
33) According to a recent survey, about ___ percent of employees working
in the 1,000 largest U.S. corporations receive ethics training.
A. 25
B. 10
C. 75
D. 50
1. Which one of the following characteristics is not necessarily true

about groups?
a. Group members are interdependent.
b. Groups have two or more members.
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c. Groups have assigned goals.
d. Groups interact.
2. What sort of groups are defined by the organization’s structure?

a. informal
b. task
c. friendship
d. formal
3.When do informal groups appear?

a. in response to the need for social contact
b. in reaction to formal groups
c. as a result of social needs
d. most frequently in bureaucracies
4. When the group energy is focused on the task at hand, the group has
moved to the _____ stage.
a. storming
b. norming
c. production
performing
5. Temporary groups with deadlines tend to follow the _____ model.

a. sociometry
b. five-stage group development
c. punctuated equilibrium
d. cluster variance
6. A temporary task group working under a time-constrained deadline

would be expected to behave in which of the following manners?
a. forming, then storming, then norming, then performing, and finally
adjourning
b. exhibit long periods of inertia interspersed with brief revolutionary
changes triggered by its members’ awareness of looming deadlines
c. develop plans, assign roles, determine and allocate resources,
resolve conflicts, and set norms
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d. group energy will move rapidly from getting to know and
understand each other to performing the task at hand
7. According to the punctuated equilibrium model, groups tend to

experience what for the first half of the project?
a. inertia
b. reorganization and redirection
c. mid-life crisis
d. markedly accelerated activity
8. Roles, norms, status, and cohesiveness are examples of _____.

a. structural variables
c. static factors
d. team factors
e. group properties
9. What term is used for a set of expected behavior patterns associated

with a particular position in a social unit?
a. role
b. role perception
c. role identity
d. role expectation
10. What term is used for the process by which an individual’s desire for
acceptance by the group and the pressure by the group on individual
members to match its standards results in a change in individual
attitudes and behaviors?
a. conformity
b. coercion
c. commitment
d. convergence
11. The major contribution of the Asch study was to demonstrate the
impact of _____.
a. group pressures
b. seating arrangements
c. convergence
d. status
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12. What term is used for antisocial actions by organizational members
who voluntarily violate established norms and that result in negative
consequences for the organization, its members, or both?
a. ethical dilemmas
b. deviant workplace behavior
c. abnormal behavior
d. discommitment behavior
13. Sally works as a salesperson in a department store. Whenever a

customer asks for an item that is in stock but not on display, she
usually tells them that the product is out of stock. “It’s a pain going
into the stock-room to find an item,” says Sally “Nobody in my
department ever tells a customer the truth about what is in stock.”
This example illustrates which of the following facts about deviant
workplace behavior?
a. deviant workplace behavior will arise when tasks that an employee
is supposed to perform are unpleasant or difficult
b. most workers do not consider lying to a customer be deviant
workplace behavior
c. workers will lie to customers as long as the customers do not
complain about it
d. deviant workplace behavior flourishes where it’s supported by
group norms
14. What term is used for the socially defined position or rank given to
groups or group members by others?
a. regency
b. authority
c. status
d. command
15. Which of the following does not explain the current popularity of
teams? Teams _____.
a. outperform individuals when the tasks require multiple skills
b. enable organizations to better utilize employee talents
c. are a means to increase employee motivation
d. allow employee independence in making operating decisions
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16. Teams generally have a(n) _____ impact on employee motivation.
a. inconsistent
b. unknown
c. positive
d. discouraging
18. Which of the following types of teams would most likely be

assembled to improve the efficiency of a company’s production
process?
a. cross-functional
b. problem-solving
c. self-managed
d. virtual
19. Which of the following types of teams would most likely empower its
team members to make work-related decisions?
a. technical
b. self-managed
c. problem-solving
d. management
20. Which of the following represents an advantage of diversity on teams?

a. reduced conflict
b. increased expediency
c. increased conflict
d. increased creativity
21. The most effective teams tend to have _____ members.

a. 3 to 5
b. 5 to 15
c. less than 10
d. less than 15
22. Employee involvement has been referred to as the linchpin of process

improvement. In context, “involvement” most nearly means _____.
a. organization
b. participation
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c. leadership
d. commitment
23. Teams require individuals with high scores on all of the following
personality characteristics except _____.
a. introversion
b. agreeableness
c. conscientiousness
d. emotional stability
24. Communication must include both the _____ and the understanding of
meaning.
a. transportation
b. interpretation
c. triaging
d. transference
25. Formal guidelines and authority hierarchies are examples of which

function of communication?
a. control
b. agreement
c. organization
d. information
26. All of the following are examples of downward communication flows

except _____.
a. managers assigning goals
b. managers informing employees of procedures
c. managers pointing out problems that need attention
d. employees completing attitude surveys
27. Suggestion boxes, employee attitude surveys, and grievance

procedures are examples of _____.
a. organizational structure
b. horizontal communication
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c. managerial communication
d. upward communication
28. Which of the following is not a drawback of written messages?

a. They’re time consuming.
b. They are unlikely to be well thought-out.
c. They lack built-in feedback mechanisms.
d. It is difficult for senders to confirm whether they have been
received.
29. Messages conveyed through body movements and facial expressions

are _____.
a. body language
b. kinesics
c. physical characteristics
d. connotations
30. The most effective communication network for facilitating the

emergence of a leader is _____.
a. chain
b. all-channel
c. wheel
d. direct
31. In one study of the grapevine, it was found that only _____ percent of
the executives participated by passing the information on to more than
one other person.
a. 10
b. 15
c. 20
d. 25
32. With regard to the grapevine, a manager should try to _____.

a. ignore it
b. destroy it
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c. limit its range and impact
d. use it to your advantage
33. There is a rumor in your organization that layoffs are inevitable.

Which of the following is the least likely way to reduce the negative
consequences of this rumor?
a. Explain decisions that may appear inconsistent or secretive.
b. Emphasize the downside, as well as the upside, of current
decisions and future plans.
c. Discount the rumor.
d. Openly discuss worst case possibilities.
34. A communication channel with greater channel richness is most likely

to provide _____ than less rich channels.
a. greater feedback density
b. greater filtering capability
c. greater perceptual wellness
d. larger amounts of information
35. When a person manipulates information so that it will be seen more

favorably by the receiver, he is _____.
a. using selective perception
b. filtering information
c. using politically correct communication
d. suffering from communication apprehension
36. Which of the following is not a barrier to effective communication?

a. filtering
b. silence
c. selective perception
d. language
37. Which of the following behaviors are women most likely to

demonstrate during communication?
a. They tend to be more boastful than men.
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b. They seek to undermine others.
c. They avoid directness and prefer subtlety.
d. They tend to be more covert than men.
38. Which of the following statements is least likely to be true regarding

the relationship between silence and communication?
a. Silence reflects groupthink.
b. Employees express dissatisfaction through silence.
c. Silence can indicate that an individual is upset.
d. Managers use silence to show favoritism.
39. Which of the following would be least likely to pose a barrier to

cross-cultural
communications?
a. tone difference
b. word connotations
c. semantics
d. political correctness
40. John Kotter’s view argues that management focuses on coping with
complexity, whereas leadership focuses on coping with _____.
a. conflict
b. success
c. defeat
d. morale
41. Which of the following statements best characterizes the function of

leadership within an organization?
a. Leadership is more important than management.
b. Vision is a common thread throughout the research on leadership.
c. Management is more important than leadership.
d. The media has long been a believer in trait theories of leadership.
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42. Which of the following reflects the findings of a 2002 survey
regarding leadership competencies that managers viewed as
important?
a. Ethics was rated the most important by all levels of managers.
b. Ninety percent of mid-level managers identified vision as among
the most important competencies.
c. Mid-level managers placed communication just ahead of ethics in
terms of importance.
d. Senior managers placed integrity and ethics as the two most
important competencies.
43. The graphic portrayal of a two-dimensional view of leadership style

by Blake and Mouton is known as the _____.
a. least preferred co-worker scale
b. leader-participation model
c. autocratic-democratic continuum
d. managerial grid
44. Behavioral theories fail to consider which of the following elements

affecting leadership?
a. traits
b. situational factors
c. employee satisfaction
d. employee turnover
45. Which of the following proposed a contingency theory?

a. Fiedler
b. Surber
c. Grey
d. Deickman
46. All contingency theories are based on the idea that effective
leadership performance depends on _____.
a. the proper match between the leader’s style and the control the
situation gives the leader
b. selecting the right leadership style based on the level of the
followers’ readiness
c. using a leadership style that is appropriate to the situational
conditions
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d. making use of the best path for the goal that is identified
47. Fiedler’s theory predicts that an individual who is considered task

oriented will be most effective when the situation is _____.
a. moderately to highly favorable
b. moderately favorable
c. moderately to highly unfavorable
d. very favorable or unfavorable
48. Based on the contingency theory, if the leadership style does not
match the situation, you should _____.
a. change the leader to fit the situation
b. change the situation to fit the leader
c. accept this circumstance as unchangeable
d. either a or b
49. The re-conceptualization of the contingency model by Garcia and

Fiedler is called _____ theory.
a. situational
b. cognitive resource
c. evaluative
d. leadership recognition
50. According to LMX theory, a leader implicitly categorizes followers

as “in” or “out” _____.
a. after careful analysis
b. on a temporary basis
c. early in the interaction
d. because of political pressure
51. The leadership model that integrates the expectancy theory of

motivation with the Ohio State leadership research is _____.
a. path-goal
b. contingency
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c. leader-participation
d. leader-member exchange
52. The leadership behaviors identified by the path-goal theory are _____.
a. supportive, employee-oriented, laissez-faire and participative
b. achievement-oriented, supportive, humanistic, and directive
c. participative, achievement-oriented, directive, and supportive
d. directive, participative, supportive, and laissez-faire
53. Based on information given in the text, which of the following most
likely represents a situation in which
charismatic leadership is not needed?
a. A business is facing the introduction of a radically new product.
b. A business is in its infancy.
c. A business is operating during a time of war.
d. A business is succeeding due to several years of strong market
leadership.
54. The fifth quality of a level 5 leader is described in the text as

“paradoxical” most likely because _____.
a. it concerns task orientation rather than personal drive
b. it involves more ambition than other leadership qualities
c. it combines two traditionally opposing characteristics
d. it requires leaders to focus on their own ego needs
55. According to the text, the two dominant contemporary theories of

leadership focus predominantly on _____.
a. transformational and transactional leaders
b. charismatic and transcendent leaders
c. compelling and transformational leaders
d. mentoring and self-leaders
56. According to the text, transactional leadership is addressed by all of

the following leadership theories except _____.
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a. transformational leadership theory
b. path-goal theory
c. Fiedler's model
d. the Ohio State studies
57. The type of leader who guides or motivates his or her followers in the
direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements
is known as a _____leader.
a. transactional
b. charismatic
c. transformational
d. transcendent
58. Based on information given in the text, which of the following most
likely represents a situation in which
charismatic leadership is not needed?
a. A business is facing the introduction of a radically new product.
b. A business is in its infancy.
c. A business is operating during a time of war.
d. A business is succeeding due to several years of strong market
leadership.
59. The fifth quality of a level 5 leader is described in the text as

“paradoxical” most likely because _____.
a. it concerns task orientation rather than personal drive
b. it involves more ambition than other leadership qualities
c. it combines two traditionally opposing characteristics
d. it requires leaders to focus on their own ego needs
63. When your superior offers you a raise if you will perform additional
work beyond the requirements of your job, he/she is exercising _____
power.
a. legitimate
b. coercive
c. reward
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d. personal
e.
64. Which of the following types of power requires acceptance of the

leader’s authority by members of the organization?
a. Personal
b. Organizational
c. Legitimate
d. Positional
65. ______ power is generally related to an individual’s unique

characteristics.
a. Personal
b. Reward
c. Legitimate
d. Expert
66. Personal power is generally perceived as a result of all the following

except _____.
a. expertise
b. charisma
c. persuasiveness
d. admiration
67. _____ power is based on identification with a person who has

desirable resources or personal traits.
a. Associational
b. Legitimate
c. Referent
d. Personal
68. Your physician has advised you to take a series of medications. You
comply because of her _____ power.
a. referent
b. information
c. formal
d. expert
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69. Celebrities are paid millions of dollars to endorse products in
commercials because the advertisers believe the celebrities have
_____ power.
a. personal
b. referent
c. expert
d. legitimate
71. Dependency is inversely proportional to _____.

a. the level of an individual’s personal power
b. the number of alternative sources of a particular resource
c. the type of informational analysis conducted in a situation
d. the financial resources required to solve a problem
72. Most organizations develop multiple suppliers rather than give their
business to only one in order to _____.
a. increase knowledge and information
b. reduce dependency
c. maximize power
d. develop interdependence
73. Which of the following is least likely to create dependency?

a. importance
b. scarcity
c. non-substitutability
d. power legitimacy
74. Dependency is decreased when the resource you control is _____.

a. important
b. scarce
c. easily replaced
d. insufficient
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75. Power tactics can be defined as _____.
a. the only legitimate sources of power
b. techniques for translating power bases into specific actions
c. strategies for gathering and maintain support
d. organizational structural characteristics
Question # 1
Which of the following factor is/are affecting team?
Work design
Process
Context
All of the given options
Question # 2 Which of the following would NOT be considered an
organization?
Church
University
Military unit
All adults in a given community
Question # 3
Which of the following is NOT the competency of a leader?
Leading the organization
Leading others
Leading oneself
Leading one by one
REF: Page # 52)
Question # 4
Which of the following are the situational criteria identified in the Fielder
model?
Job requirements, position power, and leadership ability
Charisma, influence, and leader-member relations
Leader-member relations, task structure, and position power
Task structure, leadership ability, and group conflict
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(Page # 30)
Question # 5
Which of the following is example of personal power?
Expert power (Page # 63)
Coercive power
Reward power
Legitimate power
Question # 6
Persons who are able to influence others and who posses’ managerial
authority are called:
Mentor
Spokes person
Disseminator
Leader (Page # 91)
Question # 7 Which of the following approach treats motivation as a

function of goals and rewards ?
Individual differences approach
Managerial approach (Page # 102)
Organization approach
Question # 8
Which of the following approach treats motivation as a function of work
environment?
Individual differences approach
Managerial approach
Organization approach (Page # 80)
Question # 9
In comparison to low-level managers, most top executives:
Are more focused on solving immediate problems
Are more autocratic in their decision making
Have a stronger concern about efficiency
Have a longer time perspective
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Question # 10
Which of the following are the strategies for team building?
Establish common goals
Find occasions to celebrate
Recognize effort
All of the given options (Page # 117)
Question # 11
What are the five stages of group development?
Generation, implementation, construction, production, termination
Introduction, development, production, deterioration, adjournment
Initiation, evolution, maturation, degeneration, termination
Forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning (Page # 165)
Question #
Which of the following is NOT the quality of a person having type “B”
personality?
Easy going
Relaxed
Able to listen carefully
Impatient (Page # 42)
Question # 13
Maslow’s hierarchy has five levels of needs. Which of the following is Not
one of those levels?
Safety needs
Social needs
Animal needs (Page # 75)
Self-actualization needs
Question # 14
Which of the following Communication creates tension about oral, written
or both communication?
Obstruction
Apprehension
Breakdown
Block
Question # 15
VU RTKz
Which of the following is NOT the strategy for team building?
Recognize effort
Improve communication
Discourage team members (Page # 117)
Question # 16
All of the following are classifications on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
except:
Extroverted/introverted
Sensing/intuitive
Perceiving/judging
Independent/dependent (Page # 43)
Question # 16
Forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning (Page # 165)
Question # 17
To be effective leader which of the following activity is important?
Influence the culture
Provide a vision
Influence the group
Question # 18
The decision procedure that empowers a subordinate the most is:
Joint decision-making
Delegation
Proactive consultation
Reactive consultation
Question # 19
Leading the organization
Leading others
Leading oneself
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Leading one by one (Page # 52)
Question # 20
In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, what is the term used for the drive to
become what one is capable of becoming?
Perfection
Self-actualization (Page # 75)
Hypo-glorification
Self-esteem
Question # 21
Which of the following can NOT be considered as a guideline for managers?
Expand the range of choices
Make time for reflective planning
Concentrate on reacting to demands
Understand reasons for demands and constraints
Question # 22
What is true about participative leadership?
Participative leadership does not affect subordinate performance
The more participation a leader uses, the more satisfied subordinates will be
Participative leadership substantially improves subordinate
performance
The results were inconsistent and inconclusive
Question # 23
In a crisis situation, effective leaders are likely to:
Consult with subordinates
Reduce their exposure
Act with more consideration
Act more decisively
Question # 24
Question # 25
Which of the following statement about value is true?
Values are flexible
Values are synonymous with attitudes
Values tend to be consistent among occupational groups
Values are fairly stable over time Page 37
VU RTKz
Question # 26
In the communication process, which of the following steps occurs first?
Transmitting
Decoding
Encoding (Page # 131)
Understanding
Question # 27
Which of the following is the best definition of attitude?
Attitudes indicate how one will react to a given event
Attitudes are the yardstick by which one measures one’s actions
Attitudes are the emotional part of an evaluation of some person, object or
event
Attitudes are evaluative statements of what one believes about
something or someone(Page # 37)
Question # 28
Information roles include which of the following three roles?
Disseminating, figurehead and liaison
Monitor, resource allocator and negotiator
Disturbance handler, monitor and entrepreneur
Monitor ,disseminator and spokesperson (Page # 11)
Question # 29
Which of the following is the power to give positive benefit or rewards?
Reward Power (Page # 63)
Coercive power
Expert power
Referent power
Question # 30
Which of the following is Not a cue of power for a leader?
• Maximizing Body Size
• Breaking Eye Contact
• No Excessive Smiling
• Using Submissive Language
VU RTKz
REF:Power Cues: page 64, 65
� Commanding Large Personal Space
Maximizing Body Size
� Touching
� Breaking Eye Contact
� No Excessive Smiling
� Avoiding Submissive Language
Question # 31
Which of the following can Not be mentioned as one of the four general
processes in managerial work?
Making decisions
Satisfying customers
Developing relationships
Influencing people
Question # 32
What is the most important asset of an organization?
People (Page # 5)
Money
Building
Machinery
Question # 33
Which of the following is the first management function?
Planning (Page # 51)
Organizing
Leading
Controlling
Question # 34
Which of the following are the characteristics of team-based organizations?
Collective structures
Team monitors
Change and flexibility
Question # 35
VU RTKz
_________ is known as the founder of CNN.
Andy Grove
Sam Walton
Ted Turner (Page # 7)
Phil Knight
Question # 36
Decision taken for reordering of standard inventory item is an example of
which of the following?
Programmed decision (Page # 122)
Non-programmed decision
Intuitive decision making
None of the given options
Question # 37
Which of the following are the strategies for team building?
Establish common goals
Recognize effort
Question # 38
Which of the following statements is not correct?
• Demands and constraints are essentially the same for most managerial
jobs
• Managerial behavior is strongly influenced by demands and
constraints
• Role conflicts are caused by incompatible demands from different
people
• Demands and constraints depend in part on a manager’s perceptions
REF: business and managerial behavior is strongly influenced by

culture
Question # 39
Transmitting
Decoding
VU RTKz
Encoding (Page # 131)
Understanding
Question # 40
According to Howard Hayden all of the following are leadership core
competencies EXCEPT:
Creating more leaders
Rigidity (Page # 54)
Communication
Vision
Question # 41
Leadership is best defined as ____________.
The ability to influence a group in goal achievement
Keeping order and consistency in the midst of change
Implementing the vision and strategy provided by management
Coordinating and staffing the organization and handling day-to-day
problems
Question # 42
Which of the following is NOT the quality of a person having type” A
“personality?
Intense desire to achieve
Extremely competitive
Sense of urgency
More relaxed
Question # 43
Which of the following encourage flexibility and decentralize decision
making?
Departmentalization
Span of control
Formalization
Organic structures (Page # 120)
Question # 44
After which stage of a group’s development has the group formed a
common set of expectations of member behaviors?
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Storming (Page # 113)
Forming
Performing
Norming
Question # 1
Making decisions
Influencing people
Question # 2
The base of economy has moved from :
Manufacturing to services
Services to manufacturing
Manufacturing to productivity
Productivity to manufacturing
Question # 3
Participative leadership does not affect subordinate performance
The more participation a leader uses, the more satisfied subordinates will be
Participative leadership substantially improves subordinate
performance
The results were inconsistent and inconclusive
Question # 4
What do we call the process by which individuals organize and interpret
their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment?
Interpretation
Environmental analysis
Social verification
Perception
Question # 5
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Select correct option:
Perfection
Self-actualization (page # 75)
Hypo-glorification
Self-esteem
Question # 6
Which of the following is the situational criterion identified in the Fielder
model?
(Page # 30)
Question # 7
Which of the following describes the personality?
A combination of psychological traits that describes a person (Page #
21)
A situation in which one can influence on the group members in the
organization
A situation in which one can n,t influence on the group members in the
organization
Question # 8
A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose is:
A structure
A process
An organization (Page # 90)
An assembly operation
Question # 9
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs arranges those needs in which of the following
orders?
Physiological, esteem, safety, social, and self-actualization
Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization (Page # 75)
Safety, physiological, esteem, social, and self-actualization
Physiological, social, safety, esteem, and self-actualization
VU RTKz
Question # 10
Communication that takes place among members of work groups at the
same level is known as which type of communication?
Tangential
Cross functional
Vertical
Lateral (Page # 84)
Question # 11
Which of the following is not true of charismatic leaders?
They have a vision and the ability to articulate the vision
They have behavior that is unconventional (Page # 93)
They are willing to take high personal risk
They exhibit behaviors that are consistent with their followers’ behaviors
Question # 12
Act more decisively
Question # 13
_________ is known as the guru of management.
Stephen P.Robins
Mary coulter
Peter drucker (Page # 7)
John C Mexwell
Question # 14
Provide a vision
Influence the group
Question # 15
Which type of leadership focus on rewards in exchange for motivation,
productivity effective task accomplishment?
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Transactional leadership (Page # 33)
Transformational leadership
Charismatic leadership
Visionary leadership
Question # 16
Which of the following is NOT the quality of a person having type “B”
personality?
Easy going
Relaxed
Able to listen carefully
Impatient Page # 95
Question # 17
Which of the following is Not true about decision processes in
organizations?
Major decisions are made in an orderly, rational manner
Decision processes are prolonged for important decisions
Decision processes are to some extent political
Major decisions may result from a series of small, incremental choices
Question # 18
except:
Sensing/intuitive
Perceiving/judging
Independent/dependent Page # 44
Question # 19
Which of the following network is typically called an informal
communication network?
Gossip monger
Grapevine
Chain
Contextual system
Question # 20
Which of the following is a temporary cross-functional team?
VU RTKz
Quality circle
Work group
Task force Page104,114
TQM group
Question # 21
Provide a vision
Influence the group
Question # 22
Forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning Page #165
Question # 23
Which of the following power is not included among person powers?
Expert power
Charisma power
Rational power
Legitimate power Page # 63
Question # 24
Which of the following is example of personal power?
Expert power Page # 63
Coercive power
Reward power
Legitimate power
Question # 25
Which of the following is the most important capital of an organization?
Financial
Human
Image
Copyright
Question # 26
VU RTKz
Leaders always depend on their _________.
Children
Friends
Relatives
Followers
Question # 27
Which of the following is example of position power?
Expert power
Referent power
Charismatic power
Legitimate power Page # 63
Question # 28
Which of the following strategies are cultivating for exemplary followers?
Seek to enhance their skill sets
Share the credit
Encourage and enhance dialogue
Question # 29
Which one of the following is the reality of today’s organizations?
Flexibility (Page # 168)
Change
Consistency
Homogeneity
Question # 30
Perfection
Self-actualization
Hypo-glorification
Self-esteem
Question # 31
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Question # 32
Interpersonal roles include which of the following three roles?

Figurehead, leader and liaison (Page # 10)
Question #33
The _____ component of an attitude is the emotional or feeling component
of that attitude.
Affective
Cognitive
Behavioral
Evaluative
Question #34
How would someone who is described as an ESTJ on the Myers-Briggs
Type Indicator best be described?
As a visionary
As a conceptualizer
As an innovator
As an organizer (Page # 43)
Question # 35
Forces that create the need for change include:
Internal
External
Both
None of the above
Question # 36
It is said that management focuses on coping with complexity, whereas
leadership focuses on coping with :
Conflict
Success
VU RTKz
Defeat
Change
Question # 37
Which of the following is not a barrier to effective communication?
Silence Pg 84,85
Filtering
Selective perception
Language
Question # 38
Which of the following network is typically called an informal
communication network?
Gossip monger
Grapevine
Chain
Contextual system
Question # 39
Which of the following is a shared system of meaning held by the
organization’s members that distinguishes the organization from other
organizations.
Institutionalization
Organizational culture
Socialization
Formalization
Question # 40
Power based upon one's expertise, special skills, or knowledge is:
Coercive power
Legitimate power
Expert power
Referent power
VU RTKz
Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 10:54:48 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following power is used for personal gain?
Personal power (Page # 57)
Social power
Connection power
Organization power
What is the best conclusion about the traits of managers?
Manager who is intelligent and highly motivated will be effective in
any situation
Manager who is weak on any key trait is unlikely to be effective
Some traits improve the chance of being effective, but their
relative importance depends on the situation
The trait approach fails to provide useful insights about the reasons
for effective leadership
Flexibility
Change (Page # 1)
Consistency
Homogeneity

Provide a vision
Influence the group
All of the given options (page # 52)
VU RTKz
except:
Sensing/intuitive
Perceiving/judging
Independent/dependent (Page # 43)
Stephen P.Robins
Mary coulter
John C Mexwell
The two dominant contemporary theories of leadership focus predominantly on
_____.
Transformational and transactional leaders (Page # 93)
Charismatic and transcendent leaders
Compelling and transformational leaders
Mentoring and self-leaders
Which of the following is usually the original source of an organization’s
culture?
Is shared among the first workers hired into the organization
Is formulated by the board of directors when the organization is
formed
Identifies when the organization is successful doing
Identifies what the organization is successful doing
VU RTKz
Reward Power (Page # 63)
Coercive power
Expert power
Referent power
Which of the following is Not a category of followers with reference to
leadership?
Pragmatic followers
Alienated followers
Conventional followers
Proactive followers (Page # 17)

Which of the following is not a recommended guideline
for increasing managerial effectiveness?
Limit the range of choices
Take advantage of reactive activities
Build large networks of contacts (Not Sure) Manager can handle
only a few number of peoples
Look for ways to reduce constraints

Before the 20th century, which of the following was Not the exclusive domain of
leadership?
Military people
Royal people
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Military and royal people
Common people (Page # 23)

According to Howard Hayden, which competency enables a leader to take
times to understand situation and make logical decisions?
Strategic thinking
Patience (Page # 54)
Communication
Vision

Which one of the following factor is necessary to build a good team?
Management
Leadership
Motivation

Expert power
Charisma power
Rational power
Legitimate power (Page # 63)
VU RTKz
Making decisions
Influencing people


• Participative leadership does not affect subordinate performance
• The more participation a leader uses, the more satisfied subordinates
will be
• Participative leadership substantially improves subordinate
performance
• The results were inconsistent and inconclusive
What do we call the process by which individuals organize and interpret
their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment?
Interpretation
Social verification
Perception

VU RTKz
Perfection
Self-actualization
Hypo-glorification
Self-esteem

Which of the following is the situational criteria identified in the Fielder
model?

A combination of psychological traits that describes a person
organization
organization

A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose is:
A structure
A process
An organization
An assembly operation

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs arranges those needs in which of the following
orders?
Physiological, esteem, safety, social, and self-actualization
Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization
VU RTKz
Safety, physiological, esteem, social, and self-actualization
Physiological, social, safety, esteem, and self-actualization

same level is known as which type of communication?
Tangential
Cross functional
Vertical
Lateral
They have behavior that is unconventional
They exhibit behaviors that are consistent with their followers’ behaviors

Act more decisively
Stephen P.Robins
Mary coulter
Peter drucker
John C Mexwell
Provide a vision
Influence the group
VU RTKz
Transactional leadership

According to Mintzberg, one of management’s interpersonal roles is _____.
Spokesperson
Leader (Page # 10)
Negotiator
Monitor

Which of the following statements about personality is correct?
Personality is always stable
Personality is a part of a person
Personality is an aggregate whole
Personality is for the most part comprised of traits that cannot be
measured
Which is the primary management function in the initial stage of the
organizational life cycle?
Coordinating work activities (Page # 51)
Obtaining resources
Increasing member motivation
Improving efficiency

Which of the following are the responsibilities of exemplary followers?
Challenge the leader
VU RTKz
Encourage the leader
Defend the leader
All of given options (Page # 19)
Managers in large units tend to:
Use less delegation
Use more group decision making
Spend more time in planning and coordinating
Provide more coaching
According to University of Michigan researchers, which type of leaders is
associated with higher group productivity and higher job satisfaction?
Situational
Employee-oriented (Page # 28)
Production-oriented
Initiating structure-oriented
Fiedler labels the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates
have in their leader as:
Leader-member relations (Page # 30)
Relationship orientation
Positional power
Employee-orientation
Which of the following is not a recommended guideline for increasing
managerial effectiveness?
Build large networks of contacts
Which management roles include entrepreneur, disturbance handler,
resource allocator and negotiator?
Interpersonal
Informational
Decisional (Page # 11)
VU RTKz
Share the credit
Which of the following can’t be influenced by a leader?
Attitude
Behavior
Personality
Family
The research suggests that charismatic leaders are likely to _____.
Invoke high performance among followers
Focus organizational visions around present accomplishments
Motivate followers to become more extroverted
Avoid media attention regarding their achievements

Transactional leadership (Page # 93)

event
Attitudes are evaluative statements of what one believes about
something or someone
(Page # 94)
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&7

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Expand the range of choices (Not Sure)
Flexibility
Change (Page # 1)
Consistency
Homogeneity
Persons who are able to influence others and who posses’ managerial
Mentor
Spokes person
Disseminator
Leader (Page # 7)
Hersey and Blanchard developed which of the following?
Situational leadership theory (Page # 30)
Cognitive resource theory
Managerial grid
model
Path-goal theory
organization
A situation in which one can’t influence on the group members in the
organization
None of the given options (Page # 36)
Which of the following are the traits of charismatic leader?
Self confidence
A vision
The image of a change agent
VU RTKz
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of today’s organizations?
Flexibility
Outsourcing
Long-term employment
Economy
Interpersonal
Informational
Decisional
Stephen P.Robins
Mary coulter
John C Mexwell
Which of the following is NOT generally true?
Satisfied workers are productive workers
Productive workers are satisfied workers
Satisfaction is the major determinant of a worker’s Organizational
Citizenship Behavior
Satisfaction comes down to fairness of outcomes, treatments or
procedures
Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that “a specific
mode of conduct or end state of existence is personally or socially preferable
to an opposite mode of conduct.”
Values (Page # 94)
Attitudes
Convictions
Preferences
leadership?
Pragmatic followers
VU RTKz
Alienated followers
Proactive followers (Page # 17)
Spokesperson
Leader
Negotiator
Monitor
Organizational commitment is defined as _____.
The degree to which an employee identifies with the organization they
work for and its goals (Page # 40)
An employee’s belief that the organization they work for will go to
considerable lengths to ensure that its employees are treated fairly
The degree to which an employee’s sense of fulfillment and self worth is
related to their job
The amount of effort an employee will make in order to keep or advance
their position in an organization
Coordinating work activities
Obtaining resources

Which of the following would NOT be considered an organization?
Church
University
Military unit
All adults in a given community

Which of the following is the most important capital of an organization?
VU RTKz
Financial
Human
Image
Copyright
.
Who fixes the blame for breakdown?
Manager
Leader
Instructor
Mentor
http://vustudents.ning.com
Manager who is intelligent and highly motivated will be effective in
any situation
Manager who is weak on any key trait is unlikely to be effective
Some traits improve the chance of being effective, but their relative
importance depends on the situation
The trait approach fails to provide useful insights about the
reasons for effective leadership

Flexibility
Change
Consistency
Homogeneity
http://vustudents.ning.com
VU RTKz
_________ is known as the founder of Microsoft.
Bill Gates
Sam Walton
Steve Jobs
Andy Grove


The ability to influence a group in goal achievement (Page # 91)
Keeping order and consistency in the midst of change
Implementing the vision and strategy provided by management
Coordinating and staffing the organization and handling day-to-day
problems
Forces that create the need for change include:
Internal
External
Both
None of the above

The quality of a leader to foresee an organization’s position is called:
VU RTKz
Mission
Vision
Goal
Objective

According to Mintzberg, which type of role is likely to get the highest priority?
Entrepreneur
Spokesperson
Disturbance handler
Negotiator

Which of the following is NOT the quality of a leader?
Vision
Ability
Enthusiasm
Gender (Page # 22)

VU RTKz
Children
Friends
Relatives
Followers (Page # 17)

Empower them
Acknowledge their power both publicly and privately
Trust your followers
► The ability to influence a group in goal achievement (Page # 91)
► Keeping order and consistency in the midst of change
► Implementing the vision and strategy provided by management
► Coordinating and staffing the organization and handling day-to-day
problems

Which management roles include entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource
allocator and negotiator?
► Interpersonal
► Informational
► Decisional
► None of the given options

► Disseminating, figurehead and liaison

VU RTKz
► Monitor, resource allocator and negotiator
► Disturbance handler, monitor and entrepreneur

► Monitor ,disseminator and spokesperson

Decisional roles include which of following three roles?
► Entrepreneur, disturbance handler and resource allocator

► Monitor resource allocator and negotiator

Which of the following is Not true about decision processes in organizations?
► Major decisions are made in an orderly, rational manner
► Decision processes are prolonged for important decisions
► Decision processes are to some extent political
► Major decisions may result from a series of small, incremental choices

A situation in which one can influence on the group member or in the
organization is called:
► Exposure
► Experience
► Position (Page # 21)
► Action

Someone subscribing to theory X would agree with which of the following
statements?
► Individuals are dominated by Maslow’s lower level needs
► Individuals are dominated by Maslow’s higher level needs
► Individuals are not clearly dominated by any particular level of Maslow’s
hierarchy of needs
► Individuals are in reality independent of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
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► Mission
► Vision
► Goal
► Objective

To achieve goals, leaders need which of the following factors?
► Stamina
► Energy
► Health
► All of the given options

The degree to which job assignments are procedures is classified in the Fiedler
model as _____.
► Leader-member relations
► Initiating structure
► Task orientation
► Task structure (Page # 30)

According to which of the following leadership styles the main role of the leader is
to facilitate and communicate?
► Telling
► Selling
► Participating
► Delegating

Which of the following can be the best description of high LPC leader?
► Very critical of coworkers with whom it is difficult to work
► Very participative when making decisions about the work
► Less likely to be effective as a leader in most situations
► Has a primary motivation to maintain cooperative relationships
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► Transactional leadership (Page # 33)

► Transformational leadership
► Charismatic leadership
► Visionary leadership

Which of the following is an environmental force that shapes personality?
► Genetic inheritance
► Gender
► Height
► Experience

The belief that “violence is wrong” is an evaluative statement. Such an opinion
falls in which component of an attitude.
► Cognitive
► Effective
► Reflective
► Behavioral

Which of the following statements would have been most likely made by an
employee with a high degree of job involvement?
► “My skills make me exceptionally valuable to the company.”
► “I’m a harder worker than most of my colleagues, even to the degree I am
carrying some of the lazier ones.”
► “It felt great to get promoted; I guess the guys upstairs really did
appreciate the way I had been running things.”
► "I love my job, it is engaging, well-paid, and low pressure enough that I
don’t have to be always worrying about it in my time off.”

VU RTKz
Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between satisfaction and
absenteeism?
► There is a consistent positive relationship between the two
► There is a consistent negative relationship between the two
► There is a curvilinear relationship between the two
► When fairness is controlled for, there is a direct relationship between the
two

Two people see the same thing at the same time yet interpret it differently. Where
do the factors that operate to shape their dissimilar perceptions reside?
► The perceivers (Page # 40)

► The target
► The timing
► The context

except:
► Perceiving/judging
► Independent/dependent (Page # 43)
► Extroverted/introverted
► Sensing/intuitive

According to Sheila Murray, which of the following is Not true?
► Leaders have a mission
► Leaders are big thinkers
► Leaders avoid risk (Page # 55)
► Leaders use power wisely

► Reward Power
► Coercive power (Page # 58)
► Expert power
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► Referent power
Which employee trait is Least likely to facilitate effective empowerment?

► High need for achievement
► External locus of control orientation
► High self acceptance
► Relevant technical knowledge

Which level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs deals with satisfying one’s hunger,
thirst, and need for sex?
► Safety
► Physiological (Page # 75)
► Social
► Esteem

According to Maslow, when does a need stop motivating?
► When it is substantially satisfied
► It never stops motivating
► When one returns to a lower level need
► When one chooses to move to a higher level need

Which of the following were considered higher-order needs by Maslow?
► Safety, social, esteem
► Esteem, self-actualization,safety
► Social, esteem, self-actualization
► Physiological, safety, social

Which of the following is a need theory of motivation?
► Maslow’s need hierarchy theory
► Alderrfer’s ERG theory
► Two factor theory
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► Consult with subordinates
► Reduce their exposure
► Act more decisively

Which of the following processes is emphasized in the definition of leadership?
► Influencing followers to have complete trust in the leader

► Motivating followers to do more than they initially expected
► Facilitating collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives
► Empowering each follower to become self reliant

List down the impression management strategies adopted by employees?
Answer : Following may considered strategies
A - Promotion-enhancing strategies
• power
• improvement
• Obstacles disclosure
• Association
B- The Demotion-preventative strategies

• Accounts
• Apologies
• Disassociation

Which power is the ultimate source of an individual’s power in organization?
Discuss .
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Answer : Legitimate power confers on an individual the legitimate authority to
control and use organizational resources to achieved the organizational goals.
Legitimate power is the ultimate basis of an individual’s power in an
organization.

Suppose you want to become a charismatic leader. What are the key qualities that
you must have in yourself to become a charismatic leader?
Answer : Charismatic leaders shall have but not limited to the following
qualities.
• Strong conviction in that vision.
• Out of the ordinary behavior
• Self-confidence
• A vision
• The image of a change agent

Differentiate motivators from hygiene factors as proposed by Herzberg?
Answer : The Motivators has a focal point to discussed with Achievement,

Recognition, Work itself, Responsibility and Advancement.
While the hygienic factors deals the recognition of the causes of the
dissatisfaction with works such as Interpersonal relationships, Company
policy/administration, Supervision and Salary. .etc.

As a manager, one of Ahsan’s duties is to present awards to outstanding
employees within his department. Which Mintzberg managerial role is Ahsan
acting in when he does this?
► Leadership role
► Liaison role
► Monitor role
► Figurehead role

VU RTKz
► Manager who is intelligent and highly motivated will be effective in any

situation
► Manager who is weak on any key trait is unlikely to be effective
► Some traits improve the chance of being effective, but their relative
importance depends on the situation
► The trait approach fails to provide useful insights about the reasons for
effective leadership

What is the most important need for people who become leaders?
► Achievement
► Affiliation
► Power
► Esteem

Which of the following best describes the exemplary follower?
► They are creative, risk takers and also add value in organization in any
form
► They are just spending/passing time and also require an excessive amount
of supervision
► They have lack of creativity; they don’t take bold decisions and not taking
risk
► They think about themselves, but some time play a very important role as
critics

Which of the following best knows “how work is done”?
► Leader
► Instructor
► Mentor
► Manager
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Which of the following followers are ideal followers for a leader?
► Alienated followers
► Exemplary followers
► Proactive followers
► Pragmatic followers

statements?
► Individuals are not clearly dominated by any particular level of Maslow’s
hierarchy of needs

► Situational
► Employee-oriented
► Production-oriented
► Initiating structure-oriented

Which of the following are the leadership behaviors identified by path-goal
theory?
► Supportive, employee-oriented, laissez-faire and participative
► Achievement-oriented, supportive, humanistic, and directive
► Participative, achievement-oriented, directive, and supportive (Page #
30)
► Directive, participative, supportive, and laissez-faire

Which theory states that people are born with certain characteristics that
predispose them to being leaders?
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► Theory X
► Theory Y
► Contingency theory
► Trait theory

Which of the following leadership is the ability to create and articulate a realistic,
credible, and attractive vision of the future for an organization or organizational
unit that grows out of and improves on the future.
► Visionary (Page # 35)
► Charismatic
► Transactional
► Transformational

► Gender
► Height
► Experience

Which of the following is NOT the quality of a person having type “B” personality?
► Easy going
► Relaxed
► Able to listen carefully
► Impatient

Which of the following is usually the original source of an organization’s culture?
► Is shared among the first workers hired into the organization

► Is formulated by the board of directors when the organization
is formed
► Identifies when the organization is successful doing
► Identifies what the organization is successful doing

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Which of the following is Not the situational factor in leadership process?
► Size of organization
► Organization life cycle stage (Page # 48)
► Culture
► Customers

► Leading the organization

► Leading others
► Leading oneself
► Leading one by one (Page # 52)

Which of the following ways the formal leaders get some of their authority?
► Through situation
► Through position (Page # 56)
► Through dependency
► Through motivation

Which of the following ways the informal leaders get their authority?
► Through situation
► Through motivation
► Through position
► Through charisma (Page # 56)

► Expert power
► Charisma power
► Rational power
► Legitimate power (Page # 63)
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The decision procedure that empowers a subordinate the most is:
► Joint decision-making
► Delegation
► Proactive consultation
► Reactive consultation

What is the Least important reason for delegating to subordinates?
► Get rid of tedious tasks that are time wasters
► Develop subordinate skills and confidence
► Make the job of subordinates more interesting
► Increase subordinate commitment to a task

Imran is a student who cannot work at writing a paper for more than 30 minutes,
yet he can spend many hours writing comments on blogs. What accounts for the
change in motivation in this case?
► His ability
► The situation
► His personality
► The congruence

The most well-known theory of motivation is Abraham Maslow’s _____.
► Theories X and Y
► Hierarchy of Needs
► Two-factor Theory
► Motivator-Hygiene Theory

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Traditional organizations are:
► Dynamic
► Skill focused
► Flexible
► Inflexible

Management is more concerned about building:
► Social relations
► Moral relations
► Ethical relations
► Working relations

Which of the following has become the most important reality of today’s
technologicaly advanced organizations?
► Collaboration
► Change
► Consistency
► Homogeneity

► The degree to which an employee identifies with the organization they
work for and its goals
► An employee’s belief that the organization they work for will go to
► The degree to which an employee’s sense of fulfillment and self worth is
► The amount of effort an employee will make in order to keep or advance
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1. Which of the following is an accurate statement about transformational

leaders?
A. They clarify task requirements.
B. They focus on tasks and pay little attention to followers.
C. They are poor motivators.
D. They exhibit more than just charisma.
2. A leader, such as Bill Gates of Microsoft, who can inspire followers

above their own self-interests and can have a profound effect on their
performance, are known as _____________.
A. Transactional leaders
B. Directive leaders
C. Informational leaders
D. Transformational leaders
3. Fiedler’s least-preferred coworker questionnaire seeks to measure what

leadership factor?
A. Subordinate needs
B. Leader’s style
C. Situation
D. Subordinate coworker influence
4. According to the Ohio State studies, which of the following dimensions of

leader behavior refers to the extent to which a leader is likely to define and
structure his or her role and the roles of group members in the search for
goal attainment?
A. Intelligence structure
B. Psychological structure
C. Initiating structure
D. Consideration structure
5. Research on managerial activities found that managers typically spend the

most time:
A. In their office
B. With subordinates
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C. Reading and writing reports, memos, and correspondence
D. In informal meetings
6. What is the most common element in definitions of leadership?

A. leadership is an authority relationship
B. leadership is the ability to make good decisions
C. leadership is an attribution made by followers
D. leadership is an influence process
7. Participative leadership is best viewed as a combination of which two

approaches for studying leadership?
A. Trait and behavior
B. Power-influence and trait
C. Behavior and power-influence
D. Trait and situational
8. Recent leadership theories such as charismatic and transformational

leadership:
A. Emphasize rational processes more than rational processes
B. Emphasize emotional processes more than rational processes
C. Describe emotional and rational processes as equally important
D. De-emphasized both rational and emotional processes
9. Most leadership theories emphasize:

A. Leader characteristics
B. Follower characteristics
C. Both leader and follower characteristics
D. Characteristics of the leadership situation
10. Research by Fiedler uncovered three contingency dimensions that define

the
key __________.
A. Situational factors for determining leader effectiveness
B. Follower factors for determining leader effectiveness
C. Leader behavioral style factors for determining leader
effectiveness
D. Situational factors for determining follower effectiveness.
11. Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true?

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A. All leaders are managers.
B. Formal rights enable managers to lead effectively.
C. All managers are leaders.
D. Non-sanctioned leadership is as important as or more important than
formal influence.
12. If trait theories of leadership are valid, then leaders are _____.
A. Trained
B. Born
C. Authoritarian
D. Educated
13. If behavioral leadership theories are correct, then _____.

A. leadership behaviors are consistent
B. leaders are born with leadership behaviors
C. leaders’ behavior should be altered
D. leadership skills can be trained
14. According to the Managerial Grid, managers perform best using which
of the following styles?
A. 9,9
B. consideration
C. contingency
D. development-oriented
15. Behavioral theories fail to consider which of the following elements

affecting leadership?
A. Traits
B. Situational factors
C. Employee satisfaction
D. Employee turnover
16. Which of the following proposed a contingency theory?

A. Fiedler
B. Surber
C. Grey
D. Deickman
17. According to Mintzberg, which type of role is likely to get the highest
priority?
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A. Entrepreneur
B. Spokesperson
C. Disturbance handler
D. Negotiator
18. In a crisis situation, effective leaders are likely to:

A. Consult with subordinates
B. Reduce their exposure
C. Act more considerate
D. Act more decisive
19. What is the primary management function in the initial stage of the
Organizational life cycle?
A. Coordinating work activities
B. Obtaining resources
C. Increasing member motivation
D. Improving efficiency
20. Which of the following is not an example of Initiating Structure as
defined in the Ohio State studies?
A. Letting subordinates know what is expected of them
B. Criticizing poor work
C. Consulting with subordinates before making changes
D. Coordinating the activities of subordinates
Q#1 What sort of groups are defined by the organization’s structure?

a. informal
b. task
c. friendship
d. formal
Q#2 Hamiz, Ali and Ahsan work in different departments, but often eat
lunch together. They
are an example of what type of group?
a. formal
b. informal
c. command
d. task
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Q#3 Which of the following statements most accurately describes interest
groups?
a. They are longer lasting than friendship groups.
b. They develop because individual members have one or more common
characteristics.
c. They are formed because of some common objective.
d. They are governed by labor laws.
Q#4 Research indicates that poor _____ is probably the most frequently
cited source of interpersonal conflict.
a. motivation
b. leadership
c. training
d. communication
Q#5 Clarification to employees about how well they are doing and what can
be done to improve performance, are examples of which function of
communication?
a. information
b. control
c. motivation
d. emotional expression
Q#6 The communication used by managers to provide job instructions is

_____communication.
a. downward
b. lateral
c. formal
d. directional
Q#7 Which of the following is an example of downward communication

flow?
a. suggestion boxes
b. envelope attitude surveys
c. feedback on job performance
d. identifying with and discussing problems with the boss
Q#8. All of the following are examples of downward communication flows

except _____.
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Q#9 Communication messages that are passed through a big number of

people will most likely suffer from which of the following?
a. disruption
b. distortion
c. lack of non-verbal cues
d. decoding
Q#10 The _____ communication network is best illustrated by an

unstructured committee.
a. wheel
b. all-channel
c. interpersonal
d. circle
REF : page 88,
o The wheel relies on the leader to act as the central conduit for all the
group’s
communication.
o The all-channel network permits all group members to actively
communicate with each
other.
Q#11 The most effective communication network for facilitating the

emergence of a leader is
_____.
a. chain
b. all-channel
c. wheel
d. direct
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Q#12 An informal communication network is typically called a _____.
a. gossip monger
b. grapevine
c. chain
d. free acting system
Q#13 Which of the following is a phenomenon in which group pressures for

conformity deter the group from critically appraising unusual, minority, or
unpopular views?
a. group conformity
b. groupshift
c. groupthink
d. compromise
Q#14 According to Maslow, when does a need stop motivating?

a. when it is substantially satisfied
b. it never stops motivating
c. when one returns to a lower level need
d. when one chooses to move to a higher level need
Q#15 What is the primary organizational factor that satisfies people’s

physiological needs?
a. their relationships with co-workers
b. recognition
c. pay
d. admiration
Q#16. Desires for associations with those who are significant to us, such as
family members,
supervisors, and friends, are examples of Alderfer’s _____ needs.
a. existence
b. relatedness
c. association
d. esteem
Q#17 ERG’s ______ needs include the intrinsic component from Maslow’s
esteem category
and the characteristics included under self-actualization.
a. existence
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b. relatedness
c. growth
d. physiological
Q#18. Which one of the following is not characteristic of ERG theory?

a. It proposes three levels of needs: existence, relatedness, and growth.
b. More than one level of needs may serve as motivators at the same time.
c. It involves a frustration-regression process.
d. The existence needs must be satisfied before the relatedness needs
become
important.
e. It is an extension and improvement of Maslow’s theory.
Q#19. In what way are Theory X and Theory Y managers alike?

a. they are skeptical about their employees’ ability to operate independently
b. they have a negative view of human behavior
c. they acknowledge that people in the workplace are mostly motivated by
higher order needs
d. their behavior follows their assumptions
Q#20. A Theory Y manager would assume that employees would _____.

a. dislike work
b. need to be controlled
c. avoid responsibility
d. exercise self direction
Quiz#1 Solution
1. _______ is the ability to influence others that stems from the leader's
desirable traits and characteristics.
A. Referent power
B. Expert power
C. Coercive power
D. Legitimate power
2. _____ is the ability to inspire confidence and support among the people
who are needed to achieve organizational goals.
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A. Stewardship
B. Management
C. Leadership
D. Motivation
3. Entertaining clients, being available to outsiders as an organizational

representative, and escorting official visitors are all behaviors that fit the
_____ role of a manager.
A. spokesperson
B. negotiator
C. figurehead
D. coach and mentor
4. When an individual maintains composure when dealing with a crisis we

can conclude that he or she is _______.
A. self-confident
B. trustworthy
C. emotionally stable
D. assertive
5. Two employees cannot agree to compromise. Their manager intervenes.

The manager is filling the role of
A. spokesperson.
B. liaison.
C. disturbance handler.
D. disseminator.
6. Managers today must consider each of the following except
A. diversity.
B. stagnation.
C. changes in technology.
D. changes in organization flexibility.
7. Which of the following is not an assumption of Theory X?

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A. People do not like to work.
B. Managers have to control and coerce employees.
C. People are ambitious.
D. People prefer to avoid responsibility.
8. Leadership is a function of:

A. Manager, leader and follower
B. Manager, leader and situation
C. Manager, Follower and situation
D. Leader, Follower and situation
9. The administrative assistant for the president of Lever Brothers of

Pakistan has held that job for thirty-five years. When the staff needs to
accomplish a task, they often get her advice. She has which power?
A. Expert
B. Reward
C. Legitimate
D. Coercive
10. MR. Zeshan, Manager Bata Pakistan is primarily concerned with

efficiency and performance of his subordinates. According to the Michigan
studies he exhibits which leader behavior?
A. Job-centered
B. Employee-centered
C. Initiating-structure
D. Consideration
Q#1. Which of the following statements about personality is correct?

a. Personality is always stable.
b. Personality is a part of a person.
c. Personality is an aggregate whole.
d. Personality is for the most part comprised of traits that cannot be
measured.
Q#2 You wish to hire a person who is innovative, individualistic, versatile,

and entrepreneurial. Candidates for this position would ideally have what
classification on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?
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a. INTJs
b. ESTJs
c. ENTPs
d. ISFPs
Q#3 Motivation is best defined as a process that _____.
a. results in a level of effort
b. intensifies an individual’s efforts
c. accounts for an individual’s efforts toward attaining a goal
d. meets an individual’s needs
Q#4 What are the three key elements of motivation?

a. reactance, congruence and circumstance
b. interest, activity and reward
c. awareness, effort and outcome
d. intensity, direction and persistence
Q#5 Maslow’s hierarchy has five levels of needs. Which of the following is
not one of those levels?
a. safety needs
b. social needs
c. animal needs
d. self-actualization needs
Q#6. Hunger, thirst, sex, pay, and physical work environment are examples
of which of Alderfer’s needs?
a. existence
b. safety
c. growth
d. physiological
Q#7 How would a Theory X manager view employees?

a. seeking responsibility
b. needing to be coerced to achieve goals
c. viewing work as a normal daily activity
d. exercising self control
Q#8 What other name is the two-factor theory known by?

a. Theories X and Y
b. Motivator-Hygiene Theory
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c. Hierarchy of Needs Theory
d. Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction Theory
Q#9 What continuum in the two-factor theory is made up of the hygiene

factors?
a. no dissatisfaction to dissatisfaction.
b. no dissatisfaction to satisfaction.
c. satisfaction to no satisfaction.
d. satisfaction to dissatisfaction.
Q#10 McClelland’s theory of needs concentrates on which three needs?

a. achievement, realization and acceptance
b. achievement, power and affiliation
c. power, acceptance and confirmation
d. affiliation, control and realization
Q#1. Managing resistance to change that is _____ is extremely challenging.

a. passive
b. resolute
c. deferred
d. explicit
Q#2. All of the following are sources of organizational resistance to change

except:
a. structural inertia
b. security
c. limited focus of change
d. threat to established power relationships
Q#3. Conflict is functional if it _____.

a. is accepted by all members of a group
b. is satisfying to the individual members of the group
c. causes group members to argue
d. none of the above
Q#4 Which is not a weakness of group decision making?

a. It is time consuming.
b. There is less originality.
c. It suffers from ambiguous responsibility.
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d. It can be dominated by one or a few members.
Q#5. What is brainstorming?

a. a technique used to build group cohesiveness
b. a technique that tends to restrict independent thinking
c. a process for generating ideas
d. a process used mainly when group members cannot agree on a
with company policies, communication is performing a(n) ______ function.

a. control
b. motivation
c. emotional expression
d. information
Q#7. The product of a sender’s encoding is the _____.

a. channel
b. message
c. transmission
d. medium
Q#8. Which of the following is not true?
a. Theory Y aligns with the participative management style.
b. Employee involvement programs provide intrinsic motivation.
c. Theory X aligns with the autocratic management style.
d. Employee involvement is incompatible with ERG theory.
Q#9. Two managers are talking about how they get the best out of their
employees:
Ali: “I tell my employees that times are tough and there is no way of telling
when the guys in head office might try to downsize. Let me tell you, a bit of
fear keeps them focused on the task at hand.” Shahid “I tell them that head
office is making them more responsible for deciding how to do their work.
The increased sense of ownership they have makes productivity go way up”
How would these managers be best characterized by Douglas Macgregor?
a. Both hold Theory X assumptions
b. Both hold Theory Y assumptions
c. Shahid holds Theory X assumptions, Ali holds Theory Y assumptions
d. Ali holds Theory X assumptions, Shahid holds Theory Y assumptions
Q#10. Which of the following is not an example of upward communication?

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a. performance reports prepared by lower management for top management
review
b. informing employees of policies
c. suggestion boxes
d. grievance procedures
1.What does the Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of “S or N”

stand for?
a) Sensing/intuitive
b) Sensing/thinking
c) Emotional stability/intuitive
d) Emotional stability/thinking
2.Which dimension of the Big Five model refers to an individual’s

propensity to defer to others?
a) Conscientiousness
b) Agreeableness
c) Extraversion
d) Feeling
3.Which of the following developed the first comprehensive contingency
model for leadership?
a) Hersey and Blanchard
b) Blake and Mouton
c) Fred Fiedler
d) John Kotter
4.Which of the following best knows “how work is done”?

a) Leader
b) Instructor
c) Mentor
d) Manager
6. What are the three classes of factors that influence perception?

a) Setting, Environment and Motives
b) Perceiver, Target and Situation
c) Character, Knowledge and Experience
d) Personality, Character and Values
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7.Which is the primary management function in the initial stage of the
a) Coordinating work activities
b) Increasing member motivation
c) Obtaining resources
d) Improving efficiency
8.Which of the following is NOT the quality of a person having type” A

“personality?
a) Intense desire to achieve
b) Extremely competitive
c) Sense of urgency
d) More relaxed
9.A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose

is:
a) A structure
b) A process
c) An organization
d) An assembly operation
10. Which of the following would NOT be considered an organization?
a) Church
b) University
c) Military unit
d) All adults in a given community
Q#2 You wish to hire a person who is innovative, individualistic, versatile,

and entrepreneurial. Candidates for this position would ideally have what
classification on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?
a. INTJs
b. ESTJs
c. ENTPs
d. ISFPs
Q#3 Motivation is best defined as a process that _____.

a. results in a level of effort
b. intensifies an individual’s efforts
c. accounts for an individual’s efforts toward attaining a goal
d. meets an individual’s needs
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Q#7 How would a Theory X manager view employees?
a. seeking responsibility
b. needing to be coerced to achieve goals
c. viewing work as a normal daily activity
d. exercising self control
10. Research by Fiedler uncovered three contingency dimensions that define

the key __________.
A. Situational factors for determining leader effectiveness
B. Follower factors for determining leader effectiveness
C. Leader behavioral style factors for determining leader
effectiveness
E. Situational factors for determining follower effectiveness.
11. Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true?

A. All leaders are managers.
B. Formal rights enable managers to lead effectively.
C. All managers are leaders.
D. Non-sanctioned leadership is as important as or more important than
formal influence.
Q#7 Which of the following is an example of downward communication

flow?
a. suggestion boxes
b. envelope attitude surveys
c. feedback on job performance
d. identifying with and discussing problems with the boss
Q#8. All of the following are examples of downward communication flows

except _____.
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Q#9 Communication messages that are passed through a big number of
people will most
likely suffer from which of the following?
a. disruption
b. distortion
c. lack of non-verbal cues
d. decoding
Q#10 The _____ communication network is best illustrated by an

unstructured committee.
a. wheel
b. all-channel
c. interpersonal
d. circle
Q#11 The most effective communication network for facilitating the

emergence of a leader is
_____.
a. chain
b. all-channel
c. wheel
d. direct
Q#12 An informal communication network is typically called a _____.

a. gossip monger
b. grapevine
c. chain
d. free acting system
Q#14 According to Maslow, when does a need stop motivating?

a. when it is substantially satisfied
b. it never stops motivating
c. when one returns to a lower level need
d. when one chooses to move to a higher level need
Q#20. A Theory Y manager would assume that employees would _____.

a. dislike work
b. need to be controlled
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c. avoid responsibility
d. exercise self direction
According to Blake and Mouton, a leader having a 9,1 style fall in which
category of leader?

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Visionary
Laissez-faire
Authority
Effusive
Children
Friends
Relatives
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Followers
Defend the leader
All of given options
Which dimension of the Big Five model refers to an individual’s propensity to

defer to others?

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Conscientiousness
Agreeableness
Extraversion
Feeling
Interpersonal roles include which of the following three roles?
Figurehead, leader and liaison

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Which of the following best knows “how work is done”?
Leader
Instructor
Mentor
Manager
What is the most important asset of an organization?
People
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Money
Building
Machinery
Personality is for the most part comprised of traits that cannot be measured
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Self confidence
A vision
Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that “a specific mode
of conduct or end state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an
opposite mode of conduct.”

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Values
Attitudes
Convictions
Preferences
Which of the following is Not a category of followers with reference to leadership?
Pragmatic followers
Alienated followers
Proactive followers

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Which is the primary management function in the initial stage of the organizational
life cycle?
Obtaining resources

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event
Attitudes are evaluative statements of what one believes about something

or someone
How would someone who is described as an ESTJ on the Myers-Briggs Type

Indicator best be described?
As a visionary
As a conceptualizer
As an innovator
As an organizer

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event

or someone
Which of the following is NOT the quality of a leader?
Vision
Ability
Enthusiasm
Gender
Which is the primary management function in the initial stage of the organizational
life cycle?

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Obtaining resources
86
Time Left sec(s
)
Which of the following developed the first comprehensive contingency

model for leadership?
Hersey and Blanchard
Blake and Mouton

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Fred Fiedler
John Kotter
Click here to Save Answ er & Move to Next Question

Situational
Employee-oriented
Production-oriented
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88
Time Left sec(s
)

except:
Sensing/intuitive
Perceiving/judging
Independent/dependent
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Defend the leader
What does the Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of “E or I”

stand for?
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Extroverted/intuitive
Emotional/introverted
Emotional/intuitive
88
Time Left sec(s
)
Who fixes the blame for breakdown?
Manager
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Leader
Instructor
Mentor
category of leader?
Visionary
Laissez-faire
Authority
Effusive
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Satisfaction is the major determinant of a worker’s

Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Satisfaction comes down to fairness of outcomes, treatments or

procedures

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How would someone who is described as an ESTJ on the Myers-Briggs
Type Indicator best be described?
As a visionary
As a conceptualizer
As an innovator
As an organizer
(s
)

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They exhibit behaviors that are consistent with their followers’

behaviors


category of leader?
Visionary
Laissez-faire
Authority
Effusive
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Defend the leader


Obtaining resources
MIDTERM EXAMINATION
MGMT623- Leadership & Team Management - MGMT623 (alt.
code=HRM623)

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► The ability to influence a group in goal achievement
► Keeping order and consistency in the midst of change
► Implementing the vision and strategy provided by management
► Coordinating and staffing the organization and handling day-to-day
problems

► Interpersonal
► Informational
► Decisional

► Monitor, resource allocator and negotiator
► Monitor ,disseminator and spokesperson
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Decisional roles include which of following three roles?
► Entrepreneur, disturbance handler and resource allocator

► Monitor resource allocator and negotiator

organizations?
► Major decisions are made in an orderly, rational manner
► Decision processes are prolonged for important decisions
► Decision processes are to some extent political
► Major decisions may result from a series of small, incremental
choices
A situation in which one can influence on the group member or in the

organization is called:
► Exposure
► Experience
► Position
► Action
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statements?
► Individuals are not clearly dominated by any particular level of
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
► Mission
► Vision
► Goal
► Objective
To achieve goals, leaders need which of the following factors?

► Stamina
► Energy
► Health
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The degree to which job assignments are procedurized is classified in the

Fiedler model as _____.
► Leader-member relations
► Initiating structure
► Task orientation
► Task structure
According to which of the following leadership styles the main role of the
leader is to facilitate and communicate?
► Telling
► Selling
► Participating
► Delegating
Which of the following can be the best description of high LPC leader?
► Very critical of coworkers with whom it is difficult to work
► Very participative when making decisions about the work
► Less likely to be effective as a leader in most situations
► Has a primary motivation to maintain cooperative relationships
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► Transactional leadership
► Transformational leadership
► Charismatic leadership
► Visionary leadership

► Gender
► Height
► Experience
The belief that “violence is wrong” is an evaluative statement. Such an

opinion falls in which component of an attitude.
► Cognitive
► Effective
► Reflective
► Behavioral
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Which of the following statements would have been most likely made by an
employee with a high degree of job involvement?
► “My skills make me exceptionally valuable to the company.”
► “I’m a harder worker than most of my colleagues, even to the degree
I am carrying some of the lazier ones.”
► “It felt great to get promoted; I guess the guys upstairs really did
appreciate the way I had been running things.”
► "I love my job, it is engaging, well-paid, and low pressure enough
that I don’t have to be always worrying about it in my time off.”
Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between

satisfaction and absenteeism?
► There is a consistent positive relationship between the two
► There is a consistent negative relationship between the two
► There is a curvilinear relationship between the two
► When fairness is controlled for, there is a direct relationship between
the two
Two people see the same thing at the same time yet interpret it differently.
Where do the factors that operate to shape their dissimilar perceptions
reside?
► The perceivers
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► The target
► The timing
► The context
According to Sheila Murray, which of the following is Not true?

► Leaders have a mission
► Leaders are big thinkers
► Leaders avoid risk
► Leaders use power wisely

► Reward Power
► Coercive power
► Expert power
► Referent power
Which employee trait is Least likely to facilitate effective empowerment?

► High need for achievement
► External locus of control orientation
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► High self acceptance
► Relevant technical knowledge
Which level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs deals with satisfying

one’s hunger, thirst, and need for sex?
► Safety
► Physiological
► Social
► Esteem
According to Maslow, when does a need stop motivating?

► When it is substantially satisfied
► It never stops motivating
► When one returns to a lower level need
► When one chooses to move to a higher level need
Which of the following were considered higher-order needs by Maslow?

► Safety, social, esteem
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► Esteem, self-actualization,safety
► Social, esteem, self-actualization
► Physiological, safety, social
Which of the following is a need theory of motivation?

► Maslow’s need hierarchy theory
► Alderrfer’s ERG theory
► Two factor theory

Which of the following processes is emphasized in the definition of

leadership?
► Influencing followers to have complete trust in the leader

► Motivating followers to do more than they initially expected
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► Facilitating collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives
► Empowering each follower to become self reliant
Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 05:19:32 AM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is NOT an important issue relating to goal-setting theory?
Goal specificity
Equity among co-workers
Feedback
Defining the goal

Group behavior, power, and conflict are central areas of study for _____________.
Sociologists
Anthropologists
Social psychologists
Operations analysts

When a bank robber points a gun at a bank employee, his base of power is:
Coercive
Punitive
Positional
Authoritative

The managers of a multinational company are located in Taiwan, India, Brazil, and
the United States. Which group decision-making technique seems most reasonable
for this organization?
A postal service interaction

A brainstorming session
A nominal group
An electronic meeting
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What do we call it when we judge someone on the basis of our perception of the
group to which he/she belongs?
Stereotyping
Categorizing
Halo effect
Prototyping

Sana is an honest and straightforward person. She believes her employees are all
similarly honest and straightforward, ignoring signs that they may be manipulating
her. What perceptual shortcut is Sana most likely using?
Contrast effect
Halo effect
Stereotyping
Projection

When your superior offers you a raise if you will perform additional work beyond the
requirements of your job, he/she is exercising which of the following power?
Legitimate
Coercive
Reward
Personal

According to Robert Katz, when managers have the mental ability to analyze and
diagnose complex situations, they possess _____________ skills.
Technical
Leadership
Problem-solving
Conceptual

Which of the following statements best characterizes self-managed teams?
Their team members often have low levels of job satisfaction

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Their team members prefer to work alone
Their productivity is generally low
They perform poorly during times of employee layoffs

Which of the following theory is proposed by Clayton Alderfer?
Theory X and Theory Y

Hierarchy of Needs
ERG Theory
Theory Z

Adil wants to get credit from the bank but bank can not approve credit to him
because of past slow pay record. The bank manager and Adil meet and agree on a
win-win solution that meets the need of both parties by involving a guarantee that
will ensure payment if not made with in prescribed period. This is an example of
Compromising intention
Accommodating intention
Distributive negotiation
Integrative negotiation

While managing political behaviors in organization, the manager requires
discouraging:
Negotiation
Relationships
Self interest
Dialogue

Determining how tasks are to be grouped is part of which management function?
Planning
Leading
Controlling
Organizing

Which of the following types of networks is most likely to promote accuracy?
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Chain
Direct
Wheel
All-channel

Ahmed believes that men perform better in oral presentations than women. What
shortcut has been used in this case?
The halo effect

The contrast effect
Projection
Stereotyping
RE: MGT502 Online Quiz#3 Held on 29 june to 1st july.All in one
Today’s managers understand that the success of any effort at improving quality and
productivity must include _____.
Quality management programs
Customer service improvements
Employee’s participation
Manufacturing simplification
Which of the following leadership behaviors are identified by the path-goal theory?
Supportive, employee-oriented, laissez-faire and participative
Achievement-oriented, supportive, humanistic, and directive
Participative, achievement-oriented, directive, and supportive
Directive, participative, supportive, and laissez-faire
Mr. Ehsan, Manager ABC Company found that skills of workers and machinery used
by them as compared to the competitors in the market are obsolete within a year,
which type of challenge ABC Company is facing?
Globalization and Culture
High Quality and Low Quality
Rapid Pace of Change
Multiple Stakeholders
In which stage of the conflict process does conflict become visible?

Illumination
Intentions
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Behavior
Cognition
What sort of goals does Management By Objectives (MBO) emphasize?

Tangible, verifiable and measurable
Achievable, controllable and profitable
Challenging, emotional and constructive
Hierarchical, attainable and effective
Which of the following would be least likely to pose a barrier to cross-cultural

communications?
Tone difference
Word connotations
Political correctness
Differences among perceptions
____________ refers to the network of personal and social relations that is

developed spontaneously between people associated with each other.
Formal organization
Informal organization
Business organization
Government organization
The cognitive process through which an individual selects, organizes but

misinterprets environmental stimuli is known as_________
Perception
Projection
Selective Perception
Mis-Perception
Mr.Fahad's one-day salary was deducted because of his uninformed leave, as he was
already warned about this behavior. It is an example of which method of shaping
behaviors?
Reinforcement
Positive Reinforcement
Punishment
Negative Reinforcement
The more consistent a behavior, the more the observer is inclined to ___.
Attribute it to interpretation
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Attribute it to internal causes
Attribute it to consensus
Attribute it to external causes
People with which type of personality trait commonly make poor decisions because
they make them too fast?
Type As
Type Bs
Self-monitors
Extroverts

Select correct option
Gender
Height
Brain size
Experience
Factors other than satisfaction that impact one’s decision to leave a current job
include all of the following EXCEPT:
Labor market conditions

Length of tenure with the organization
Expectations about alternative job opportunities
Organizational citizenship behavior
Hanif is dissatisfied with his job but believes that his supervisor is a good man who
will do the right thing. Hanif has decided that if he just waits, conditions will improve.
Henry’s approach to this problem is termed as:
Exit
Voice
Loyalty
Neglect
Sadaf has a low absenteeism rate. She takes responsibility for his health and has
good health habits. She is likely to have a(an):
Internal locus of control

External locus of control
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Core locus of control
High emotional stability level
A high score in which dimension of the Big Five model predicts good job performance
for all occupational groups?
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Emotional stability
Openness to experience

Usman is an action-oriented person who shows initiative and persists determinedly to
change things. Which of the following best describe his personality?
Proactive
Aggressive
Introvert
Nonassertive

Sabohi has a job which pays an excellent salary. She has a good relationship with
her peers and her supervisors. She also likes the fact that the company policy fits
well with what she personally believes, and that she has received considerable
recognition for her achievements at the company. Which of these factors is 'MOST
likely' responsible for the fact that Sabohi loves her job?
High compensation
Good nature of peer relationships
Good nature of supervisor relationships
Recognition for her achievements

Transmitting
Decoding
Encoding
Understanding

The CEO of an engineering firm noticed a great deal of difference between the styles
of the various department directors. He noticed that some are more charismatic and
enthusiastic than others. In identifying this difference, he is looking at the directors’
______________
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Behaviors
Traits
Personalities
Attitudes

Which of the following network structure requires high emergence of leadership?
Wheel
Chain
All-channel
Diverse

The Big Five Model of Personality contains all of the following dimensions EXCEPT:
Extroversion
Introversion
Emotional stability
Agreeableness
Individuals with a high need to achieve prefer all of the following EXCEPT:
Job situations with personal responsibility

A high degree of risk
Overcoming obstacles
Personal empowerment
Positive Mood includes all the following feelings EXCEPT:

Excitement
Enthusiasm
Hostility
Overjoy
Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Satisfied employees are likely to be more productive

Dissatisfied employees are more likely to miss work
Satisfied employees increase customer satisfaction and loyalty
The most effective way to improve job satisfaction is a raise in pay
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Which of the following term is used to describe broad range of feelings that people
experience?
Mood
Affect
Emotion
Emotional Intelligence
Today’s managers understand that the success of any effort at improving quality and
productivity must include ___.
Quality management programs

Customer service improvements
Employee’s participation
Manufacturing simplification
Which of the following is an important moderator of the satisfaction-turnover

relationship?
Organization’s culture
Management style
Employee’s level of performance
Employee’s values and attitudes
The most important aspect of power is probably that it:

Involves control
Tends to corrupt people
Is counterproductive
Is a function of dependency?
What is the last step in Rational decision making model?

Identifying the decision criteria

Selecting the best alternative
Defining the problem
Evaluating the alternatives
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Legitimate
Coercive
Reward
Personal
Ali wants to buy a motor bike. He goes to the showroom and sees different models of
bikes. He likes one of them very much and wants to purchase it. He asks the price
from dealer which is more then his range. Both of them then negotiate over price.
This is an example of:
BATNA
Third party negotiation
The Big Five Model of Personality contains all of the following dimensions EXCEPT:
Extroversion
Introversion
Emotional stability
Agreeableness
Which of the following is the term used to refer to establishing effective relationships
with key people inside and/or outside an organization?
Networking
Politicking
Interest group
Lobbying
Your organization is considering the use of group decision making. What do you think
will be the advantage of group decision making?
Group decision making will be faster

Group discussions will be shared equally
There will be increased acceptance of the decision
Group decision making will be very costly
The organizations offer employee stock ownership programs to gain which of the
following benefit?
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Increasing employee satisfaction
Reducing salaries
Reducing stress
Increasing productivity
Which of the following is the most important criterion in determining whether conflict
is functional or dysfunctional?
Overall morale
Turnover rates
Absenteeism levels
Performance

After which stage of group development the group formed a common set of
expectations of member behaviors?
Norming
Storming
Maturation
Forming

______________ refers to manager's mental ability to analyze and diagnose
complex situations.
Human Skill
Managerial Skill
Conceptual Skill
Technical Skill

Organizational part having legitimacy and official recognition is called
Non Governmental Organization

Formal Organization
International Organization
Informal Organization

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According to attribution theory, which of the following is an example of externally
caused behavior?
An employee is late because of a flat tire

An employee was promoted because of his abilities
An employee was fired because he slept on the job
An employee was promoted because he was hard working

An OB study would be least likely to be used to focus on which of the following
problems?
An increase in absenteeism at a certain company

A fall in productivity in one shift of a manufacturing plant
A decrease in sales due to growing foreign competition
Excessive turnover in volunteer workers at a non-profit organization

Which of the following factors make it imperative that organizations be fast and
flexible?
Temporariness
Corporate excess
Advances in corporate strategy
Globalization

Which of the following is NOT consistent with rational decision-making?
Consistency
Value-maximizing
Restraints
Ranking of criteria

Conflict a mother feels between being a friend to their children and also being a
disciplinarian explains which of the following type of conflict?
Intergroup Conflict
Interpersonal Conflict
Interrole Conflict
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Intrarole Conflict

Which of the following terminal values was ranked as the most important by
executives?
Freedom
Self-respect
Family security
Social security

Determining how tasks are to be grouped is part of which management function?
Planning
Leading
Controlling
Organizing

The two parties eventually agree to ask M.S Qureshi, an attorney and trusted friend,
to help them informally to solve their problem. Sam's role is that of a(n):
Mediator
Arbitrator
Conciliator
Consultant



Miss Manaal, HR Executive of XYZ company, rejected all those candidates who
graduated from ABC University. It is an example of:
Projection
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Stereotyping
Halo effect

The study which enables us to learn about human beings, their activities and
societies is known as
Political Science
Sociology
Anthropology
Organizational Behavior
Which of the following is NOT a step in the negotiation process?
Definition of ground rules

Clarification and justification
Process evaluation
Preparation and planning

Usman is an action-oriented person who shows initiative and persists determinedly to
change things. Which of the following best describe his personality?
Proactive
Aggressive
Introvert
Nonassertive

Which is NOT a type of conflict identified by the interactionist view?
Organizational
Relationship
Process
Institutional

Rater Errors comprised of the following EXCEPT:
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Central Tendency
Leniency
Mis-perception
Harshness

Which of the following factors make it imperative that organizations be fast and
flexible?
Temporariness
Corporate excess
Advances in corporate strategy
Globalization

Management functions of planning, organizing, leading and controlling were first
classified by:
Henry Mintzeberg
Henri Fayol
Marry Parker
Stephen Covey

Using operant conditioning, which of the following is NOT a method that can be used
to change behavior?
Negative reinforcement
Punishment
Counseling
Positive reinforcement

Which of the following network structure requires high emergence of leadership?
Wheel
Chain
All-channel
Diverse

The managers of a multinational company are located in Taiwan, India, Brazil, and
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the United States. Which group decision-making technique seems most reasonable
for this organization?
A postal service interaction

A brainstorming session
A nominal group
An electronic meeting

Which of the following is NOT an important issue relating to goal-setting theory?
Goal specificity
Equity among co-workers
Feedback
Defining the goal

In the following steps in decision making, which would come first?
Generate alternatives
Rating of alternative
Make a choice
Implement the decision

Which of the following types of teams would most likely empower its team members
to make work-related decisions?
Technical
Self-managed
Problem-solving
Management

Which of the following terminal values was ranked as the most important by
executives?
Freedom
Self-respect
Family security
Social security
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Which of the following statements is true pertaining to the role of personality traits in
negotiations?
Charming personalities quickly resolve the conflicts

Competent individuals make excellent negotiations
Extraverts are less effective negotiators than introverts
Individuals with an internal locus of control are better negotiators

An OB study would be least likely to be used to focus on which of the following
problems?
An increase in absenteeism at a certain company

A fall in productivity in one shift of a manufacturing plant
A decrease in sales due to growing foreign competition
Excessive turnover in volunteer workers at a non-profit organization
Some individuals promote their image by describing others with whom they are
associated in a positive light. These individuals are using which of the following
impression management technique?
Conformity
Flattery
Association
Self-promotion

Robert Katz identified three essential skills that managers need to have in order to
reach their goals. What are these skills?
Technical, decisional and interpersonal

Technical, human, and conceptual
Interpersonal, informational and decisional
Conceptual, communication and networking

Characteristics such as age, gender and marital status are known as
_______________
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Psychographic characteristics
Biographical characteristics
Geographical characteristics
Behavioral characteristics

Ali believes that he received an appropriate salary increase this year but he does not
believe that the company’s methods for determining salary increases were fair. He
believes that there is a problem with the firm’s ___ justice.
Interpersonal
Distributive
Equity
Procedural

Which one of the following words is the best synonym for “ability”, as the term is
used in organizational behavior?
Motivation
Capacity
Experience
Wisdom

Saad comes to you with a request for funds for a project. He reminds you that
company policy supports his position. He is using the tactic of :
Coalitions
Consultation
Legitimacy
Pressure

Which of the following is not one of the four primary management functions?
Planning
Staffing
Organizing
Leading
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People with which type of personality trait commonly make poor decisions because
they make them too fast?
Type As
Type Bs
Self-monitors
Extroverts

Achievements, Honesty, Fairness and Concern for other are related with _________
Values
Personal
Work
Instrumental
Terminal

Which of the following would be least likely to pose a barrier to cross-cultural
communications?
Tone difference
Word connotations
Political correctness
Differences among perceptions

Job satisfaction is best described as __________.
A result
A value
An attitude
A discipline

How is the satisfying decision maker best characterized?
As using rationality
As using bounded rationality
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As affected by anchoring bias
As relying on others to make decisions


Asma has composed a list of concerns along with her suggestions for improving
conditions. Asma is dealing with her dissatisfaction through ___.
Exit
Voice
Loyalty
Neglect

Political behaviors usually __________________.
Are counterproductive to individual goals

Are seen only in large organizations
Are expected as part of each job requirement
Lie outside of an individual’s specified job requirements

Which of the following option shows the quality of continuing steadily despite of
problems or difficulties?
Persistence
Intensity
Direction
Meditation

Your company’s director of human resources suggests that the problem with the
recruitment process is not the interviewers, but rather the fact that the interviewers
lack a clear understanding of the traits and skills required for each position. Which
type of team would be most likely to assemble to compile a list of the required skills?
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Virtual team
Self-managed team
Task force
Problem-solving team

What is the last step in the Rational Decision-Making Model?
Developing alternatives
Collecting relevant data
Weighing the decision criteria
Computing the optimal decision

Asifa telephones her mother to inform that she will come late from college because
of late practical. In this communication process, telephone is the:
Receiver
Medium
Message
Decoder

If you wish to emphasize the importance of making decisions consistent with
fundamental liberties and privileges, the focus of your teaching will also be on which
of the following?
Utilitarianism
Justice
Rights
Privilege

While managing political behaviors in organization, the manager requires
discouraging:
Negotiation
Relationships
Self interest
Dialogue
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All of the following are true about learning EXCEPT that it :
Can have a very short duration

Requires a change in behavior
Requires some form of experience
Affects aptitude

Which of the following is not considered as a characteristic of organizations?
Social entities
Goal oriented
Closed system
Deliberately structured

When all communication is channeled through one person, which of the following
communication network exists?
Direct
Chain
Lateral
Wheel

Which of the following is not one of the four primary management functions?
Planning
Staffing
Organizing
Leading
___ is a measure of how organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms
of gender, race, and ethnicity.
Workforce diversity
Affirmative action
Organizational culture
Operational homogeneity
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You have been assigned the task of setting up a work team for a software
development project. The team must operate very quickly to meet stringent
deadlines and as the quality of the project depends highly on Team’s output, so it
must also work very accurately. Which of the following communication network
structures should you choose for this team?
Chain
Wheel
Grapevine
All-channel
The study which enables us to learn about human beings, their activities and
societies is known as
Political Science
Sociology
Anthropology
Organizational Behavior
The belief that “violence is wrong” is an evaluative statement. Such an opinion

constitutes which of the following component of an attitude?
Cognitive
Affective
Behavioral
Reflective
Which of the following is not a core topic of organizational behavior?

Motivation
Attitude development
Conflict
Resource allocation
Analyzing relationships, determining causes and effects, and basing conclusions on

scientific evidence all constitute aspects of _____________study.
Organizational
Intuitive
Theoretical
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Systematic
Asifa telephones her mother to inform that she will come late from college because
of late practical. In this communication process, telephone is the:
Receiver
Medium
Message
Decoder
Organizational part having legitimacy and official recognition is called

Non Governmental Organization

Formal Organization
International Organization
Informal Organization
Barriers to Social perception includes all EXCEPT:

Halo effect
Stereotyping
Projection
Mr.Fahad's one day salary was deducted because of his uninformed leave, as he was
already warned about this behavior. It is an example of which method of shaping
behaviors?
Reinforcement
Positive Reinforcement
Punishment
Negative Reinforcement
Mr. Ehsan, Manager ABC Company found that skills of workers and machinery used
by them as compared to the competitors in the market are obsolete within a year,
which type of challenge ABC Company is facing?
Globalization and Culture

High Quality and Low Quality
Rapid Pace of Change
Multiple Stakeholders
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Sabohi has a job which pays an excellent salary. She has a good relationship with
her peers and her supervisors. She also likes the fact that the company policy fits
well with what she personally believes, and that she has received considerable
recognition for her achievements at the company. Which of these factors is 'MOST
likely' responsible for the fact that Sabohi loves her job?
High compensation
Good nature of peer relationships
Good nature of supervisor relationships
Recognition for her achievements
Adil wants to get credit from the bank but bank can not approve credit to him
because of past slow pay record. The bank manager and Adil meet and agree on a
win-win solution that meets the need of both parties by involving a guarantee that
will ensure payment if not made with in prescribed period. This is an example of
Compromising intention
Accommodating intention
Saad comes to you with a request for funds for a project. He reminds you that
company policy supports his position. He is using the tactic of :
Coalitions
Consultation
Legitimacy
Pressure

Mr. Hussain is a salesperson. He remembers the names of his customers easily
because he is able to retain and recall past experience. He is able in which of the
following dimensions of intellectual ability?
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Memory
Number Aptitude
Deductive Reasoning
Perceptual speed

Which of the following is the most important criterion in determining whether conflict
is functional or dysfunctional?
Overall morale
Turnover rates
Absenteeism levels
Performance

In Maslow's Hierarchy of needs, the individual's sence of belonging and love is
classified in which of the following needs?
Self-Actualization Needs
Esteem Needs
Safety Needs
Social Needs

Hanif is dissatisfied with his job but believes that his supervisor is a good man who
will do the right thing. Hanif has decided that if he just waits, conditions will improve.
Henry’s approach to this problem is termed as:
Exit
Voice
Loyalty
Neglect

Which of the following answer choices is the best definition of attitude?

Attitudes are the emotional part of an evaluation of some person, object or event
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or someone
Attitudes are a measure of how the worth of an object, person or event is evaluated

Workers in Pakistan are entitled to receive pension, medical facilities and gratuity
come under:
Human Rights
Moral Rights
Legal Rights
Personal Rights
Celebrities are paid millions of dollars to endorse products in commercials because
the advertisers believe the celebrities have which of the following power?
Personal
Referent
Expert
Legitimate


Why most organizations develop multiple suppliers rather than give their business to
only one?
To increase knowledge and information

To develop interdependence
To reduce dependency
To maximize power

Which of the following is NOT an individual factor related to political behavior?
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Organizational investment
Perceived job alternatives
Zero-sum reward practices
Level of self-monitoring

The categories of causes or sources of conflict include all of the following EXCEPT:
Communication
Structure
Group interaction
Personal variables

Sana is an honest and straightforward person. She believes her employees are all
similarly honest and straightforward, ignoring signs that they may be manipulating
her. What perceptual shortcut is Sana most likely using?
Contrast effect
Halo effect
Stereotyping
Projection

Which one of the following is NOT implied in the definition of power?
Influence
Potential
Dependency
Actualization

Which of the following statements about the determinants of personality is true?
Personality appears to be a result of external factors

Personality appears to be a result of mainly hereditary factors
Personality appears to be a result of mainly environmental factors
Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental
factors

_____________ refers to the network of personal and social relations that is
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developed spontaneously between people associated with each other.
Formal organization
Informal organization
Business organization
Government organization

What do we call the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory
impressions in order to give meaning to their environment?
Perception
Interpretation
Social verification

Robert Katz identified three essential skills that managers need to have in order to
reach their goals. What are these skills?
Technical, decisional and interpersonal

Technical, human, and conceptual
Interpersonal, informational and decisional
Conceptual, communication and networking

Which of the following is NOT a key component of emotional intelligence?
Self-awareness
Self-management
Commitment
Empathy

Legitimate
Coercive
Reward
Personal
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Which of the following is NOT consistent with rational decision-making?
Consistency
Value-maximizing
Restraints
Ranking of criteria
Which of Hofstede’s dimensions is the degree to which people in a country prefer
structured to unstructured situations?
Collectivism
Power distance
Long-term orientation
Uncertainty avoidance
Which of the following type of leader is likely to have the most profound effect on his
or her followers?
Educational
Directive
Transformational
Transactional
As a manager, one of Ali’s duties is to present awards to outstanding employees

within his department. Which Mintzberg managerial role is Ali performing, when he
does this?
Leadership role
Monitor role
Figurehead role
Spokesperson role
What is generally the result of groupthink?

Higher quality decisions

More risky decisions
Less critical analysis
Unpopular decisions
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Two people see the same thing at the same time yet interpret it differently. Where
do the factors that operate to shape their dissimilar perceptions reside?
The perceivers
The target
The context
The situation
Which one of the following would be considered a motivator in the two-factor

theory?
Salary
Bonuses
Working conditions
Responsibility
Asad is informing employees about the new disciplinary actions approved by the
higher management. This is an example of:
Upward communication
Downward communication
Diagonal communication
Horizontal communication
Zahid is undergoing a great deal of stress at his job. Zahid performs several duties
during the course of a day and finds that the accomplishment of one duty directly
competes or interferes with the successful accomplishment of another duty. It can be
said that Zahid is most probably experiencing:
Role ambiguity
Role conflict
Personal conflict
Relationship conflict
Which of the following leadership model integrates the expectancy theory of

motivation with the Ohio State leadership research?
Path-goal
Contingency
Leader-participation
Leader-member exchange
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Mr. Fahad believes that the participation of employees in all aspects of company
decision making is essential, Which management philosophy is he following?
ERG Theory
Theory X
Theory Y
Theory Z
Which of the following types of teams would most likely empower its team members
to make work-related decisions?
Technical
Self-managed
Problem-solving
Management
Which of the following is LEAST likely to create dependency?

Importance
Non substitutability
Power legitimacy
Supply and demand
_________ focuses on the study of people in relation to their social environment.

Psychology
Sociology
Corporate strategy
Political science
Which of the following techniques most restricts discussion or interpersonal

communication during the decision-making process?
Nominal group
Brainstorm
Electronic meeting
Formal process
_______________ creates problem for employees when their job requires to display
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emotions incompatible with their actual feelings
Depression
Emotional Labor
Stress
Anxiety
Self-managed teams are typically comprised of how many members?
2-5
5-10
10-15
Over 100

In attribution theory, what is distinctiveness?
Whether an individual displays consistent behaviors in different situations

Whether an individual displays different behaviors in different situations
Whether an individual displays consistent behaviors in similar situations
Whether an individual displays different behaviors in similar situations

Nominal group
Brainstorm
Electronic meeting
Groupthink

Job satisfaction is best described as __________.
A result
A value
An attitude
A discipline

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Sadaf has a low absenteeism rate. She takes responsibility for his health and has
good health habits. She is likely to have a(an):

External locus of control
Core locus of control
High emotional stability level

When we rank an individual’s values in order of their ________, we obtain the
person’s value system.
Intensity
Content
Context
Social needs

An individual most likely to engage in political behavior would have all of the
following except a/an :
High need for power

High ability to self monitor
High charisma rating

Celebrities are paid millions of dollars to endorse products in commercials because
the advertisers believe the celebrities have which of the following power?
Personal
Referent
Expert
Legitimate

Which of the following is the term used to refer to establishing effective relationships
with key people inside and/or outside an organization?
Networking
Politicking
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Interest group
Lobbying

Decrease in tenure can increase
Innovation
Productivity
Creativity
Absenteeism

Nominal group
Brainstorm
Electronic meeting
Formal process

Which of the following type of leader is likely to have the most profound effect on his
or her followers?
Educational
Directive
Transformational
Transactional

What is the term used for a general impression about an individual based on a single
characteristic such as intelligence, sociability, or appearance?
The contrast effect

Personal bias
The halo effect
Projection

Which of the following is NOT true of charismatic leaders?
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They show consistency with their followers’ behaviors

Zahid is undergoing a great deal of stress at his job. Zahid performs several duties
during the course of a day and finds that the accomplishment of one duty directly
competes or interferes with the successful accomplishment of another duty. It can be
said that Zahid is most probably experiencing:
Role ambiguity
Role conflict
Personal conflict
Relationship conflict
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Maria is dissatisfied with the way that her manager treats her. She has quit
her job and found a new position with another firm. She has expressed her
dissatisfaction through _____________
• Exit
• Voice
• Loyalty
• Neglect
Which one of the following is NOT a component of anorganization

• People
• Place
• Structure
• Task
_______________ refers to the network of personal and social relations

that is developed spontaneously betweenpeople associated with each other.
• Formal organization
• Informal organization
• Business organization
• Government organization
A high score in which dimension of the Big Five model predicts good job
performance for all occupational groups?
• Agreeableness
• Conscientiousness
• Emotional stability
• Openness to experience
Imran is the head of a group at an advertising agency working with artists

and designers to come up with effective branding of new products. Why is it
particularly important for him to keep his team happy?
• People are more conscientious when they are in a good mood
• People are more efficient when they are in a good mood
• People are more productive when they are in a good mood
• People are more creative when they are in a good mood
Ability to understand what is read or heard and the relationship of words to

each other is called ___________
• Verbal comprehension
• Non verbal comprehension
• Perceptual speed
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• Memory

• Gender
• Height
• Brain size
• Experience
Which of the following is the expected weakness of groupdecision making?

• Less complete knowledge
• More time will be used to make the decision
• Employees will be less accepting of the group decision
• The decision will probably be a lower quality decision
A national culture characteristic describing the extend to which a society

feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situation and tries to avoid
them is called__________________
• Short Term Orientation
• Long Term Orientation
• Uncertainty Avoidance
• Performance Orientation
In attribution theory, what is distinctiveness?

• Whether an individual displays consistent behaviors in different situations
• Whether an individual displays different behaviors in different
situations
• Whether an individual displays consistent behaviors in similar situations
• Whether an individual displays different behaviors in similar situations
Which of the following is NOT an important issue relating to goal-setting

theory?
• Goal specificity
• Equity among co-workers
• Feedback
• Defining the goal
• Personal empowerment
Eden Corp has installed a new email system, but many staff members do not
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know of its features. Upper management decides to allocate a small portion
of the company’s budget to solving this problem. A team that uses
rational decision making to arrive at a solution should be aware that this
case deviates from the assumptions of the rational decision making model
in what way?
• There are cost constraints
• The problem is not clearly defined
• The options available to the team are not known
• There are constraints on the options available
What trait does a decision maker need to have if they are to fully appraise a
problem and even see problems that others are not aware of?
• Creativity
• Conceptual style
• Intuition
• Individuality
SOME unsolved MCQz
2
Which of the following is not one of the views of conflict?
• Traditional
• Human relations
• Interactionist
• Functional
3
The traditional view of conflict argues that conflict _____.
• Helps to generate discussion
• Can be avoided
• Improves productivity
• Must be avoided
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4
The ______ view of conflict argues that conflict arises from management
failure.
• Human relations
• Interactionist
• Traditional
• Functional
5
The human relations view of conflict advocates _____ conflict.
• Encouraging
• Open communication for resolving
• Group therapy for resolving
• Acceptance of conflict
6
Which method is used to enhance the skills of the current or new employees
to
perform current job more efficiently?
• Training
• Development
• Improvement
• Job rotation
7
to perform future jobs more efficiently?
• Training
• Development
• Improvement
• Job rotation
8
An organization that has developed the continuous capacity to adapt and
change is termed a(n) _____.
• Continuous improvement process
• Innovative organization
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• Double-loop learning organization
• Learning organization
9
_____ involves correcting errors using past routines and present policies.
• Process reengineering
• Single-loop learning
• Double-loop learning
• Continuous improvement process
10
Which of the following is an example of a piece-rate plan?
• Time and a half for overtime
• Rs. 15 for each unit produced
• Productivity bonus
• Commission
11
Much of the compensation of Ali traders is in the form of stock options. The
amount of options distributed is based on the company’s net profits. What
sort of
compensation plan is this?
• Profit-sharing
• Gainsharing
• Merit based
• Esop
12
What is the term used for a pay plan where pay levels are based on how
many
skills employees have or how many jobs they can do?
• A variable pay plan
• Flexible pay
• Competency-based pay
• Gainsharing
13
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Skill-based pay plans are not consistent with which of the following
theories?.
• ERG theory
• The achievement need
• Reinforcement theory
• Two-factor theory
14
Paying people to expand their skill levels is consistent with which need?
• Affiliation
• Achievement
• Social
• Security
15
Why are flexible benefit plans consistent with expectancy theory’s thesis?
a. They allow organizations to minimize costs associated with benefits
b. They provides a suite of tangible rewards that can be offered as
motivation
c. Organizational rewards should be linked to each individual employee’s
goals
d. They make employment at firms providing such programs more attractive
16
Which of the following types of teams allows for collaboration between
team
members who are physically dispersed?
• Local
• Interactive
• Virtual
• Global
17
Which is not one of the primary factors that differentiate virtual teams from
faceto-
face teams?
• The absence of nonverbal cues
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• Limited social context
• Decreased satisfaction with work processes
• The ability to overcome time and space constraints
18
Which of the following is not the benefit of virtual teams?
• Defined and agreed roles
• Geographically dispersed members
• Group interaction and cohesion
• Effective lines of communication
19
Which of the following is NOT a role in team meetings?
• Primary facilitator
• Minute taker
• Time keeper
• Disturbance handler
20
Sending the minutes of the meeting is part of _______________
• Plan
• Conduct
• Close
• Follow-
What are the three classes of factors that influence perception?

• Setting, environment, motives
• Perceiver, target, situation
• Character, Knowledge, experience
• Personality, character, values

Which of the following is not a factor in the individual perceiver?
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• Attitude
• Motive
• Expectation
• Location

Which of the following statements best characterizes the function of
leadership within an organization?
• Leadership is more important than management.
• Vision is a common thread throughout the research on leadership.
• Management is more important than leadership.
• Leadership is necessary to motivate people to do some thing
exceptional in the organization

According to Robert House, leaders establish direction by _____.
• Establish direction by developing a vision of the future
• Align people by communicating their vision
• Are typically the “dumbest people in the company”
• None of the given options

There is fairly strong evidence that traits can predict _____ more accurately
than leadership effectiveness.
• Leadership emergence
• Extraversion in leaders
• Leadership awareness
• Leadership competence

Which theory states that people are born with certain characteristics that
predispose them to being leaders?
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• Fiedler’s perspective
• Characteristic theory
• LPC
• Trait theory

If behavioral leadership theories are correct, then _____.
• Leadership behaviors are consistent
• Leaders are born with leadership behaviors
• Leaders’ behavior should be altered
• Leadership skills can be trained

• Fiedler model
• Managerial grid

• Seek consensus.
• Assign group members to particular tasks

The two dimensions of leadership behavior identified in the University of
Michigan studies are _____.
• and motivation
• Emotional and rational

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The five personality factors identified in the Big Five Model appear in
almost all cross-cultural studies.
• True
• False

Perception refers to the way we organize and interpret the world around us.
• True
• False
The reality of a situation is what is behaviorally important.

• True
• False
Individuals involved in the same situation will usually perceive that

situation similarly.
• True
• False
When an individual looks at a target and attempts to interpret what he or she

sees, that interpretation is heavily influenced by personal characteristics
of the individual perceiver.
• True
• False
What is locus of control? What is the difference between an internal and
external locus of control?

Describe the Type B personality and its relationship to success.
VU RTKz
How can charismatic leadership hurt an organization?

Explain the difference between job satisfaction, job involvement, and
organizational commitment.

• Fiedler model
• Managerial grid
The two dimensions of leader behavior explained in the Ohio State studies
are ____.
• Coercion and motivation
• Concern for people and concern for production

• Seek consensus.
• Assign group members to particular tasks.

The graphic portrayal of a two-dimensional view of leadership style by
Blake and Mouton is known as the _____.
• Least preferred co-worker scale
• Leader-participation model
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• Autocratic-democratic continuum
• Managerial grid
All contingency theories are based on the idea that effective leadership
performance depends on _____.
• The proper match between the leader’s style and the control the
situation gives the leader
• Selecting the right leadership style based on the level of the followers’
readiness
• Using a leadership style that is appropriate to the situational
conditions
• Making use of the best path for the goal that is identified
Power can be defined as _____.

• The ability to influence the behavior of others
• The actualization of the dependency of others
• Congruence between the goals of the leader and those being led
• Downward influence on one’s followers

Leadership research emphasizes _____.
• Style
• Persuasion
• Power
• Communication
Legitimate power is based on _____.
• Positive rewards
• Interpersonal trust
• Structural position
• Expert knowledge

Desires for associations with those who are significant to us, such as family
members, supervisors, and friends, are examples of Alderfer’s _____ needs.
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• Existence
• Relatedness
• Association
• Esteem
statements?
• Individuals are dominated by Maslow’s lower level needs.
• Individuals are dominated by Maslow’s higher level needs.
• Individuals are not clearly dominated by any particular level of
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
• Individuals are in reality independent of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

Ayesha has a job which pays an excellent salary. She has a good relationship
with her peers and her supervisors. She also likes the fact that the
company policy fits well with what she personally believes, and that she
has received considerable recognition for her achievements at the
company. Which of these factors is most likely responsible for the fact
that Ayesha loves her job?
• High compensation
• Good nature of peer relationships
• Good nature of supervisor relationships
• Recognition for her achievements

According to McClelland, individuals who have a desire to excel and to
succeed are
high in _____.
• nPow
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• nAch
• nMot
• nAff
Individuals with a high need to achieve prefer all of the following except
_____.
• Feedback
Which of the following is the most important function of communication in
organizations?
• Motivation
• Control
• Information
• All of these factors are important

same level
is known as _____ communication.
Tangential
Cross-functional
Job
Lateral

Informal communication can be used to control behavior.
True
False
Most conflicts are resolved by the completion of the first stage in a group’s
development.
True
False
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The norming stage of group development is characterized by friendship.
True
False
As a result of self-managed teams, supervisory positions may be eliminated.
True
False

Membership on virtual teams is usually restricted to employees living within
the
same country.
True
False
In ---------------- teams, members share ideas and information for
improvement.

In Maslow’s need theory salary refers to -------------- needs.
--------------------defines the grouping of activities in an organization.

In management, number of employs working under one boss in referred to

------------
------------.

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A leader with attractive personality and style influences his subordinates
with -------
--------- power.
Discuss the difference between a work group and a work team.
Identify and describe the different types of communication flows.

Describe the limitations of trait theory.

List and describe the four most common types of teams likely to be found in
today’s organizations.
What is a conflict? Discuss the conflict process by taking a particular
organizational example.
1
Which of the following is not included in the definition of conflict?
a. Perception
b. Disruption of tasks
c. Something that is cared about
d. Negative effects
2
Which of the following is not one of the views of conflict?
a. Traditional
b. Human relations
c. Interactionist
d. Functional
3
The traditional view of conflict argues that conflict _____.
a. Helps to generate discussion
b. Can be avoided
c. Improves productivity
VU RTKz
d. Must be avoided
4
The ______ view of conflict argues that conflict arises from management
failure.
a. Human relations
b. Interactionist
c. Traditional
d. Functional
5
The human relations view of conflict advocates _____ conflict.
a. Encouraging
b. Open communication for resolving
c. Group therapy for resolving
d. Acceptance of conflict
6
to
perform current job more efficiently?
a. Training
b. Development
c. Improvement
d. Job rotation
7
to
perform future jobs more efficiently?
a. Training
b. Development
c. Improvement
d. Job rotation
8
An organization that has developed the continuous capacity to adapt and
change is
termed a(n) _____.
a. Continuous improvement process
b. Innovative organization
c. Double-loop learning organization
d. Learning organization
9
VU RTKz
_____ involves correcting errors using past routines and present policies.
a. Process reengineering
b. Single-loop learning
c. Double-loop learning
d. Continuous improvement process
10
Which of the following is an example of a piece-rate plan?
a. Time and a half for overtime
b. Rs. 15 for each unit produced
c. Productivity bonus
d. Commission
11
Much of the compensation of Ali traders is in the form of stock options. The
amount of options distributed is based on the company’s net profits. What
sort of
compensation plan is this?
a. Profit-sharing
b. Gainsharing
c. Merit based
d. Esop
12
What is the term used for a pay plan where pay levels are based on how
many
skills employees have or how many jobs they can do?
a. A variable pay plan
b. Flexible pay
c. Competency-based pay
d. Gainsharing
13
Skill-based pay plans are not consistent with which of the following
theories?.
a. ERG theory
b. The achievement need
c. Reinforcement theory
d. Two-factor theory
14
Paying people to expand their skill levels is consistent with which need?
a. Affiliation
b. Achievement
VU RTKz
c. Social
d. Security
15
Why are flexible benefit plans consistent with expectancy theory’s thesis?
a. They allow organizations to minimize costs associated with benefits
b. They provides a suite of tangible rewards that can be offered as
motivation
c. Organizational rewards should be linked to each individual employee’s
goals
d. They make employment at firms providing such programs more attractive
16
Which of the following types of teams allows for collaboration between
team
members who are physically dispersed?
a. Local
b. Interactive
c. Virtual
d. Global
17
Which is not one of the primary factors that differentiate virtual teams from
faceto-
face teams?
a. The absence of nonverbal cues
b. Limited social context
c. Decreased satisfaction with work processes
d. The ability to overcome time and space constraints
18
Which of the following is not the benefit of virtual teams?
a. Defined and agreed roles
b. Geographically dispersed members
c. Group interaction and cohesion
d. Effective lines of communication
19
Which of the following is NOT a role in team meetings?
a. Primary facilitator
b. Minute taker
c. Time keeper
d. Disturbance handler
20
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Sending the minutes of the meeting is part of _______________
a. Plan
b. Conduct
c. Close
d. Follow-up
Spokesperson
Leader
Negotiator
Monitor
organizations?
Major decisions are made in an orderly, rational manner
Decision processes are prolonged for important decisions
Decision processes are to some extent political
Major decisions may result from a series of small, incremental choices
Personality is for the most part comprised of traits that cannot be
measured
Obtaining resources
Defend the leader
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Managers in large units tend to:
Use less delegation
Use more group decision making
Spend more time in planning and coordinating
Provide more coaching
Situational
Employee-oriented
Production-oriented
Fiedler labels the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates
have in their leader as:
Leader-member relations
Relationship orientation
Positional power
Employee-orientation
Which of the following is not a recommended guideline for increasing
managerial effectiveness?
Build large networks of contacts
Interpersonal
Informational
Decisional
Share the credit
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Which of the following can’t be influenced by a leader?
Attitude
Behavior
Personality
Family
The research suggests that charismatic leaders are likely to _____.
Invoke high performance among followers
Focus organizational visions around present accomplishments
Motivate followers to become more extroverted
Avoid media attention regarding their achievements
Transactional leadership
event
Attitudes are evaluative statements of what one believes about something or
someone
Flexibility
Change
Consistency
Homogeneity
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Persons who are able to influence others and who posses managerial
Mentor
Spokes person
Disseminator
Leader
Hersey and Blanchard developed which of the following?
Situational leadership theory
Cognitive resource theory
Managerial grid model
Path-goal theory
organization
organization
Self confidence
A vision
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of today’s organizations?
Flexibility
Outsourcing
Long-term employment
Economy
Interpersonal
Informational
Decisional
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Stephen P.Robins
Mary coulter
Peter drucker
John C Mexwell
Satisfaction is the major determinant of a worker’s Organizational
Citizenship Behavior
Satisfaction comes down to fairness of outcomes, treatments or procedures
Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that “a specific
mode of conduct or end state of existence is personally or socially preferable
to an opposite mode of conduct.”
Values
Attitudes
Convictions
Preferences
leadership?
Pragmatic followers
Alienated followers
Proactive followers
Spokesperson
Leader
Negotiator
Monitor
The degree to which an employee identifies with the organization they work
for and its goals
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An employee’s belief that the organization they work for will go to
The degree to which an employee’s sense of fulfillment and self worth is
The amount of effort an employee will make in order to keep or advance
Obtaining resources
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FINAL TERM PAPERS Virtual University 2010

List of final term Questions

Q1- What is the learning organization? 3 marks

Q4-Compare and contrast internal and external forces of change. 5 marks

Q5- Why is team decision making preferable over individual decision

Q2- Explain Levin’s process for change. 3 marks

Q3- As a Manager how can you promote functional conflict within an

1-Success factors of virtual teams 3 marks

Question No: 29 ( Marks: 3 )

Question No: 30 ( Marks: 3 )

Question No: 31 ( Marks: 5 )

Question No: 32 ( Marks: 5 )

1. Open to all questions.

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Individuals are in reality independent of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Ref: McCLELLAND'S THREE NEEDS THEORY

• they are not gamblers

• these people like being "in charge"

• these people strive for friendship

Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 )

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 )

Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 )

Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 )

What is a conflict? Discuss the conflict process by taking a particular

21) Marketing communications can contribute to brand equity by

23) Major retailer types include the following EXCEPT ________.

31) Which type of skill training has become increasingly important in

1. Which one of the following characteristics is not necessarily true

2. What sort of groups are defined by the organization’s structure?

3.When do informal groups appear?

5. Temporary groups with deadlines tend to follow the _____ model.

6. A temporary task group working under a time-constrained deadline

7. According to the punctuated equilibrium model, groups tend to

8. Roles, norms, status, and cohesiveness are examples of _____.

9. What term is used for a set of expected behavior patterns associated

13. Sally works as a salesperson in a department store. Whenever a

18. Which of the following types of teams would most likely be

20. Which of the following represents an advantage of diversity on teams?

21. The most effective teams tend to have _____ members.

22. Employee involvement has been referred to as the linchpin of process

25. Formal guidelines and authority hierarchies are examples of which

26. All of the following are examples of downward communication flows

27. Suggestion boxes, employee attitude surveys, and grievance

28. Which of the following is not a drawback of written messages?

29. Messages conveyed through body movements and facial expressions

30. The most effective communication network for facilitating the

32. With regard to the grapevine, a manager should try to _____.

33. There is a rumor in your organization that layoffs are inevitable.

34. A communication channel with greater channel richness is most likely

35. When a person manipulates information so that it will be seen more