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SURFACE 
CHEMISTRY
(Adsorption & Catalysis½

Adsorption Ɗ It is the tendency of accumulation of

molecular species at the surface of a solid or liquid.

^ uhysio-adsorption: van der Waal forces of attraction

It occurs at low temperature.
As temperature increases adsorption decreases.

^ The extent of adsorption increases with increased

surface area and pressure.

^ It is multi layer.

 
 
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Chemisorption 
^ onds are strong.

^ Highly specific and irreversible in nature.

^ Heat of adsorption is high (40-400 kJ mol-1).

Freundlich adsorption isotherm

x/m = k.p1/n
log x/m = log k+1/n log C

^ Langmuir adsorption isotherm


 
 
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Catalysis 
^ Substances which alter the rate of reactions are
called catalysts; the process is called catalysis.

^ It can not initiate the chemical reaction.

^ It decreases the activation energy.

^ Homogenous catalysis;
Example:
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^ Heterogenous catalysis; 
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^ regative Catalyst- Decreases the rate of

reaction;
Example: use of H3u 4 in oxidation of H2 2


 
 
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^
Example: In redox reaction of KMn

Auto Catalyst- one of the products acts as catalysts
and oxalic acid,
4
Mn2+ acts as autocatalyst

^ Induced catalysis- ne reaction influences the rate of

another reaction

^ Catalytic promoters Ɗ Which increases the activity of

catalyst; in Haberƍs process Mo is a promoter with Fe.

^ Catalytic poison- Which decrease the activity of

catalyst; in Rosenmundƍs reduction aS 4 is poison
with ub.
^ Enzymes are biocatalyst. They are destroyed during
reaction.

 
 
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