JABATAN PENGANGKUTAN JALAN MALAYSIAMESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL, ROAD TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT OF MALAYSIA | would like to thank Allah S.W.T for His kindness in giving the strength to those who were involved in completing the English Version of the Driver's Education Curriculum (DEC).! would also like to express my heartiest congratulations to Road Transport Department especially to the DEC Special Task Group. Their dedication and determination have made the publication of this book a reality, The increasing demand from the public, especially among expatriates to acquire the Malaysian driving licence, has made the RTD realize the importance of publishing this book. Other than catering to the needs of this group of people, this book also grants the locals the privilege of choosing their language of preference for better understanding of current road rules and regulations, Education Curriculum (DEC) A special thank you goes to IDFR for their excellent job in translating the book in very simple forms to give better understanding. It is crucial that we get the help from the experts to ensure that nothing will be lost in translation. ‘Once again | would like to congratulate our Special Task Team for their continuous effort in educating and informing the public. It is my greatest hope that all the drivers, with their efforts and positive attitude would be responsible for a reduction in the accident rate in our country. Finally, | sincerely hope that with all the information and guidelines contained in this book, we would be able to produce disciplined and tolerance drivers. This book is a humble contribution by the RTD to the call of the nations, Dato’ Hj. Emran Bin Hj. Kadir DSSA,SSA,AMN,Driver's Education Curriculum (DE CONTENTS Message from the Director-General, Road Transport Department of Malaysia Aim and Objectives of Driver's Education Curriculum (DEC) CHAPTER I: ROAD USER'S GUIDE SECTION 1: Attitude and Responsibility of Drivers SECTION2: Basic Driving Techniques CHAPTER I: THE HIGHWAY CODE TRAFFIC SIGNS 1- Danger Traffic Signs ll Prohibitive Traffic Signs Il- Mandatory Traffic Signs IV- Informative Traffic Signs V~ Temporary Traffic Signs VI- Lines on the Road Vil- Traffic Police Hand Signs and Signals Vill- Motorist's/Motorcyclist's Drivers' Hand Signals CHAPTER III; DEFENSIVE DRIVING SECTION 1: CONCEPT OF DEFENSIVE DRIVING - Definition of the Concept of Defensive Driving - Steps to Prevent Accidents - Planning the Journey Perfect Driving SECTION 2: POSITIONS IN WHICH ACCIDENTS COULD OCCUR SECTION 3: CONDITIONS THAT CAUSE ACCIDENTS - Drivers ~Roads -Vehicles -Weather ight “Traffic SECTION 4: OBSTACLES - Introduction - Types of Obstacles ~The Hazard Action Plan - Vehicle Controlling SystemsSECTION 5: RULES ~ Introduction = Rules of Distance - Rules for Overtaking Rules at Junctions SECTION6: MOVEMENTS SECTION7: MAKING DECISIONS / TAKING ACTIONS CHAPTER IV: DRIVING IN VARIOUS SITUATIONS, SECTION 1: DRIVING IN AN EMERGENCY ~ Brake Malfunction - Vehicle Swerving - Stuck Accelerator - Burst Tyre - Headlights Stop Working - Vehicle on Fire - Bonnet Flies Open Suddenly = Making an Emergency Stop on the Highway ~ Faced with an Accident - Vehicle Plunged into Water = Windscreen Breaks - Engine Refuses to Start ~ Damage toVehicle ~ Changing Tyre - Emergency Equipment Driver's Education Curriculum (DEC) SECTION 2: DRIVING ON THE HIGHWAY - Introduction - Before Driving -While Driving ~ After Driving SECTION 3: DRIVING AT NIGHT ~The Human Factor ~ Physical Factors CHAPTER V: HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR DRIVERS SECTION 1: HEALTH AND SAFETY OF DRIVERS ~Vision ~Hearing ~Being Cautious - Medication ~Health and Emotions ~Medical Checkup ~Attitude and Safety ~ Responsibility of Having Insurance SECTION 2: STRESS MANAGEMENT Introduction = Definition of Stress ~ Stress Categorization ~ Effects of Stress on Driving ~ Three Stages in Controlling Stress ~ Stress Management PlanDriver's Education Curriculum (DEC) SECTION 3: DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS Introduction - Alcohol -Drugs/Medication CHAPTER VI:LAW AND DRIVING OFFENCES SECTION 1: DRIVING LICENCES ~Background ~Types of Driving Licenses ~Driving Licence Clauses ~Conditions Qualifying Drivers to Obtain a Licence ~Conditions for the Issue of Learner Driving Licence - Conditions imposed on Holders of the Learner Driving Licence ~Pre-qualifications to Sit for the Practical Test ~ Probationary Driving Licence SECTION 2: DRIVING OFFENCES AND THE PENALTIES UNDER THE ROAD TRAFFIC ACT 1987 ANDTHE RULES| ‘THEREUNDER (RTR 1959) =Introduction -Types of Violations SECTION 3: THE KEJARA SYSTEM ~Common Understanding Specific Understanding -Why the KEJARA System was Created a -How the KEJARA System Functions = Rehabilitation Courses ~The Granting of Bonus . - Penalty Fines ~ Scheduled Offences and Demerit Points Giv CHAPTER VIl : REGULATIONS AND LAWS. RELATING TO MOTORCYCLISTS SECTION 1: GUIDELINES FOR MOTORCYCLISTS -Wearing the Correct Gear - Examining the Motorcycle SECTION2: ‘SAFE RIDING TECHNIQUES = Introduction ~ Body Position =Turning and Cornering + Braking ~ Gear Shifts ~ Basic Techniques of Motorcycle Riding SECTION3: MAINTAINING THE DISTANCE = Frontal Distance - Side Distances ~ Rear Distance SECTION4: IDENTIFYING PROBLEMS - Looking ahead -Glancing back = Using the MirrorsDriver's Education Curriculum (DEC) SECTION 5: RIDING AT NIGHT SECTION 6: CARRYING PASSENGER AND LOADS SECTION 7; HANDLING THE MOTORCYCLE DURING AN EMERGENCYDriver's Education Curriculum (DEC) AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF DRIVER'S EDUCATION CURRICULUM. (DEC) ‘The Driver's Education Curriculum (DEC) was formulated to help drivers/road users to master the aspects of safety and regulations that need to be practise on the road. The aspects of knowledge and integrated skills make up the backbone to this DEC. a) Aim ‘The DEC's aim is to produce drivers/road users who are knowledgeable, skilled, cautious and competent, and practise good values. b) Objectives To achieve its aim, the DEC enables the drivers/road users to: 1) Protect the safety of lives and property while on the road. 2) Be aware, responsible and obey the rules and regulations. 3) Increase knowledge and skills on road rules and regulations. 4) Be more efficient and self-confident while on the road, 5) Be more conscientious and practice good values while on the road. 6) Enhance understanding and effective communication skills while on the road. 7) Increase efficiency and skills in handling vehicles while on the road.CHAPTER 1 ROAD USER'S GUIDE SECTION 1 ATTITUDE AND RESPONSIBILITY OF DRIVERS A. Background Road accidents have caused a big loss to the country. They cause injury, suffering and the highest death rates in Malaysia. There seems no end to the history of road accidents. A safe and smooth journey though, is desired by the government and every road user. The question is, for how long are toad accidents going to continue? This is a national crisis for it causes numerous deaths among road users. In Malaysia, 96% of injuries and death from accidents are caused by negligent drivers. Apart from that, ‘natural hazards’ are also becoming a main factor in road accidents. What is clear is that road accidents are caused by the human failure and negligence when on the toad. Included here are accident statistics for the year 1993 to the year 2002. liad site| n Curriculum (DEC) aw erie DEATHS 1994 148, 801 5,759 1996 189, 109 6,304 1998 211,037 5,740 2000 250,429 6,035 2002 279,237 5,887Pr aed Lee ra (34) Ren aais es Pans Efforts in monitoring road safety carried out by individuals, government agencies, and regulatory bodies. Road safety ‘campaigns have been launched with the hope that drivers will have good attitude and skills when on the road. For this reason, the Driver's Education Curriculum has been introduced. B. General Guidelines for Vehicle Drivers 1- Various factors have been identified as causes of road accidents. One of the most important factors is related to the attitude of drivers. Accidents can easily happen to drivers who have a negative attitude and a short temper, who like showing off, driving at high speed, etc. On the contrary, drivers who are positive and considerate, careful and always respectful to other road users may be able to avoid accidents. 2- Driving courteously and responsibly will actually set a good example for other road users, thus decreasing the rate of road accidents. 3- Vehicle drivers need to be courteous and considerate towards all other road users especially cyclists and pedestrians. Drivers need to control their emotions while driving and obey all traffic regulations, Also, they should not be easily offended by the behaviour of other road users, and not be influenced in their judgement and action while driving. 4- The attitude of drivers who are not courteous is seen not only from the way they drive, such as driving too fast or overtaking from the side and the middle without heed to other vehicles, but also from other actions such - Failing to signal properly; - Honking without any apparent reason; ~ Parking at the bend of the road or jutting far into the toad; - Driving with one hand, while the other hand is on the side of the carroof; - Driving in the middle of the road when other vehicles are trying to overtake; and = Driving fast through a wet and muddy road, splattering pedestrians.