Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Chapter 1
Objective questions
Subjective Questions
Section A
Written Practical
Not applicable
Chapter 2
Objective Questions
Structure X is the
A nucleus
B chloroplast
C mitochondrion
D vacuole
Which of the following organelles is found in abundance in the cell shown?
A C
B D
4. The diagram shows a type of tissue taken from the human body.
Which of the following organs has this type of tissue in abundance?
A Heart
B Stomach
C Lungs
D Brain
The tissue is adapted for
A photosynthesis
B gaseous exchange
C transport of food
D transport of minerals
Subjective Questions
Section A
R
Q
Diagram 1.1
(a) Name the organelles labelled Q and R. [2 marks]
(b) (i) State the function of organelle P. [1 mark]
(ii) Explain the abundance of organelle P in muscle cells. [2 marks]
(c) Diagram 1.2 shows an organelle, X, present in a green plant cell.
Organelle X
Diagram 1.2
(i) Identify organelle X. [1 mark]
(ii) Explain why organelle X is present in abundance in the palisade mesophyll cells. [2 marks]
(iii) If there is no organelle X in plant cells, explain what happens to herbivores. [2 marks]
Section B
Cell X Cell Y
Diagram 2.1
Identify cell X and cell Y, giving the differences between them. [4 marks]
Cell Q
Cell P
Diagram 2.2
Explain why cell P is different from the typical plant cell and cell Q is unlike the usual animal cell. [4 marks]
(c) Diagram 2.3 shows an organ from the human alimentary canal. It has a specific function. It is made up of different
tissues. Explain the formation of this organ.
Stomach
Diagram 2.3
[12 marks]
Written Practical
Not applicable
Chapter 3
Objective Questions
1. The diagram shows a model of the plasma membrane. Which of the following labelled structures A, B, C or D in the
carrier protein?
B C D
2. Which of the following diagrams shows the observation made after a red blood cell is immersed in 0.5 M salt solution?
A C
B D
3. Which of the following diagrams shows the appearance of a plant cell after it is immersed in distilled water?
A
4. The diagram shows the observation made on a plant cell after it is immersed in two different solutions, P and Q.
Solution P Solution Q
5. The diagram shows the observation made after a strip of mustard stem is immersed in two different solutions, 1.0 M
sucrose solution and distilled water.
Outer epidermis
Process X Process Y
Inner cut part
Which of the following is true about processes X and Y?
X Y
A Plasmolysis Deplasmolysis
B Deplasmolysis Plasmolysis
C Crenation Plasmolysis
D Plasmolysis Haemolysis
Level
P
Subjective Questions
Section A
P
R
Q
Diagram 1
(a) Identify the labelled structures P, Q, R and S. [3 marks]
(b) (i) Give two examples of molecules which can pass through R. [1 mark]
(ii) Explain the process that occurs in R. [2 marks]
(c) What is the function of P? [1 mark]
(d) Explain the role of Q in the transport of substances across the plasma membrane. [3 marks]
(e) Based on the model of the plasma membrane, explain the function of the plasma membrane. [2 marks]
Section B
2. (a) Diagram 2 shows the condition of a plant cell which is immersed in a 30% sucrose solution and distilled water.
Diagram 2
Explain the observation made in the 30% sucrose solution and distilled water. [8 marks]
(b) A pupil puts red blood cells into two different salt solutions, 0.05 M sodium chloride solution and 0.35 M sodium
chloride solution. Explain the condition of the red blood cells in each sodium chloride solution. [8 marks]
(c) Mangoes can be preserved using sugar and vinegar. Strawberries can be cooked to make strawberry jam to enable
it to be preserved. Explain. [4 marks]
Written practical
1. A fruit seller puts the cut pieces of guava in water to maintain its freshness but this may cause the guava to lose its
sweetness. Therefore, the fruit seller have to determine the concentration of a solution which is suitable to use. Based on this
information, design a laboratory experiment to determine the concentration of a solution which will maintain the freshness
and sweetness of cut fruits. Using a suitable plant tissue, plan your experiment. The planning of your experiment must
include the following:
• Aim of experiment
• Problem statement
• Statement of hypothesis
• Variables
• List of materials and apparatus
• Technique used
• Method
• Presentation of data
• Conclusion
Chapter 4
Objective Questions
What is compound X?
A Protein
B Lipid
C Carbohydrate
D Nucleic acid
3. Which of the following graphs shows the effect of enzyme concentration on the activity of enzymes?
A Rate of C Rate of
reaction reaction
B Rate of D Rate of
reaction reaction
What is chemical compound Y?
A Carbohydrate
B Water
C Protein
D Nucleic acid
0° 35 Temperature(°C)
What happens at X?
A Enzymes are inactive.
B Substrate concentration is too low.
C Enzymes are overworked.
D Enzymes begin to denature.
6. The diagram shows a set-up of an experiment to study the effect of pH on enzyme activity.
Thermometer
37°C
After 10 minutes, the content in the test tube remains cloudy. Which of the following steps can be carried out so that a
clear solution is observed?
A Increase the temperature to 45°C
B Add 10 ml of albumen suspension
C Add 1 ml of 0.1 M dilute hydrochloric acid
D Add 1 ml of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution
Subjective Questions
Section A
1. Diagram 1 shows a process in the formation of fats.
X Y Z
Condensation
+ + 3H2O
Hydrolysis
Diagram 1
(a) Name the molecules X, Y and Z. [2 marks]
(b) State the differences between saturated fats and unsaturated fats. [3 marks]
(c) Fats and oils are examples of lipids.
(i) What is the difference between fats and oils? [1 mark]
(ii) List two other examples of lipids. [1 mark]
(iii) Explain the function of the examples listed in (c)(ii). [2 marks]
(d) How does the secretion of sebum from the skin protect the skin? [2 marks]
Section B
2. (a) Diagram 2 shows the structures of proteins.
Diagram 2
(i) Describe the structures of the proteins shown. [6 marks]
(ii) State the difference between essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids. [2 marks]
(b) We are advised to drink 8 glasses of water per day. Discuss the importance of water to the body. [12 marks]
Written practical
1. An enzyme functions based on the “lock and key” hypothesis. The active site in which reaction is catalysed may be
altered due to temperature and pH. Design an experiment to study the effect of pH on an enzyme activity. The planning
of the experiment should cover the following aspects:
• Objective of study
• Problem statement
• Statement of hypothesis
• Variables
• List of apparatus and materials
• Method
• Communication of data
• Conclusion
[17 marks]
Chapter 5
Objective Questions
ph
M
as
e
Which stage is represented by X?
A G1 phase
B S phase
C G2 phase
D Mitosis
How many chromosomes does the daughter cell have at the end of the cell division?
A 2
B 4
C 8
D 16
Which of the following is not a daughter cell after cell division is completed?
A C
B D
How many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell at the end of the division?
A 2
B 4
C 8
D 16
6. The diagram shows a daughter cell X obtained after cell division is completed.
Cell X
Subjective Questions
Section A
1. Diagram 1 shows the stages in mitosis.
P Q Process
P
Diagram 1
(a) Name stage I to stage IV.
Stage Name of stage
I
II
III
IV
[2 marks]
(b) (i) Draw stage II. [2 marks]
(ii) Describe what happens in stage II. [1 mark]
(c) (i) Describe the process after stage IV. [1 mark]
(ii) What is the difference between process P in a plant cell and an animal cell? [1 mark]
(d) State the importance of mitosis. [3 marks]
Section B
2. (a) Diagram 2 shows two stages in meiotic cell division.
Stage I Stage II
Diagram 2
Describe the processes involved in stage I and stage II. [7 marks]
(b) Explain the differences between mitotic cell division and meiotic cell division. [8 marks]
(c) Explain the importance of
(i) meiosis in producing orchid plants
(ii) mitosis in producing many identical plants at one time
[5 marks]
Written practical
Not applicable
Chapter 6 Nutriton
Objective Questions
1. An experiment was carried out to determine the energy value of a food sample. The following data was recorded.
2. An experiment was carried out to determine the concentration of ascorbic acid in a sample of lime juice. It was found
that 2.4 cm3 of lime juice was needed to decolourise 1 cm3 of DCPIP solution. 1.2 cm3 of 0.1% ascorbic acid was
needed to decolourise 1 cm3 of DCPIP solution. The concentration of ascorbic acid in the sample of lime juice is
A 0.3 mg cm–3
B 0.5 mg cm–3
C 2.0 mg cm–3
D 5.0 mg cm–3
B
A
Which of the labelled parts A, B, C or D does the initial digestion of lipid take place?
C
A
Subjective Questions
Section A
1. Diagram 1 shows the human digestive system.
Q
P
R
Diagram 1
(a) Choose the letter that labels the part where each of the following reaction takes place.
(i) Protein → polypeptides
(ii) Lipid → fatty acids → glycerol [2 marks]
(b) (i) State the projections found in T. [1 mark]
(ii) State the process which occurs in the projections in T. [1 mark]
(iii) List two characteristics of the projections found in T. [2 marks]
(c) (i) What is the function of U? [1 mark]
(ii) What is the role of U in the process of defaecation? [1 mark]
(d) A patient suffering from stones in the organ Q has organ Q removed due to extensive damage in Q. What suitable
advice would you give to the patient regarding his diet and give reasons for your advice? [2 marks]
Section C
2. The table shows the types of food taken by Fatimah for lunch.
Rice 1 plate
Boiled vegetables 1 scoop
Boiled egg Half egg
Plain water 1 glass
(a) State whether Fatimah is eating a balanced diet. Give your reasons. [2 marks]
(b) Explain how an unbalanced diet may cause health problems to a person. [12 marks]
(c) Describe what happens to the rice taken by Fatimah. [6 marks]
Written Practical
1. Good eating habits involve wisely choosing the type of food we eat taking into consideration the total energy per
serving.
Plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the energy value in two food samples. Your experimental planning should
include the following:
• Statement of problem • Technique used
• Objective of study • Procedure
• Variables • Presentation of data
• Statement of hypothesis • Conclusion
• List of materials and apparatus [17 marks]
Chapter 7 Respiration
Objective Questions
1.
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
Which of the following is true on the above equation?
A Aerobic respiration in plants and animals
B Anaerobic respiration by yeast
C Anaerobic respiration by plants
D Anaerobic respiration in muscle tissue
2. Why does a person suffer from muscle cramps during intense exercise?
A Rat of transport of carbon dioxide is too slow
B Production of ethanol in the muscles
C Accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles
D Supply of oxygen is higher than demand of oxygen in the muscles
Q
R
5. The diagram shows gaseous exchange between the blood capillary and the body cells.
Y
Blood
flow
Body cell
X
Blood
capillary
6. The graph shows the relationship between the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed and produced by a plant with light
intensity.
Absorption of
CO2 increases
X
Light
intensity
Release of
CO2 increases
Subjective Questions
Section A
1. Diagram 1 shows the human respiratory system.
Diagram 1
(a) Name the parts labelled P and Q. [2 marks]
(b) Structure Q ends in numerous air sacs. Draw an air sac with its surrounding capillary. [2 marks]
(c) (i) State the process in which gaseous exchange takes place between the air sacs and blood capillary. [1 mark]
(ii) State two adaptive characteristics of the air sac which enable the process mentioned in (c)(i) to function
efficiently. [2 marks]
(d) Explain how gaseous exchange takes place across the air sac and the blood capillary. [4 marks]
Section B
1. (a) A student experiences fatigue and pain in his muscles after running the 200 m race. Explain why. [4 marks]
(b) State the differences between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. [10 marks]
(c) Explain how oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body cells. [6 marks]
Written Practical
1. Yeast is used in the wine-making and bread-making industries through the fermentation process.
Plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the production of alcohol and carbon dioxide using the fermentation process
by yeast.
The planning of the experiment should include the following aspects.
• Statement of problem
• Objective of study
• Variables
• Statement of hypothesis
• List of materials and apparatus
• Technique used
• Procedure
• Presentation of data
• Conclusion
[17 marks]
Chapter 8
Objective Questions
Organism X is known as
A an epizoic
B an epiphyte
C a parasite
D a saprophyte
Producer 10 000 kJ X Y Z
If 90% of energy is lost from one trophic level to the next trophic level, how much energy is received by consumer Z?
A 10 kJ
B 1000 kJ
C 9990 kJ
D 9000 kJ
Time
4. Which of the following plants succeeds the pioneer species in an abandoned mining pond?
A Hyrilla
B Uticularia
C Lemna
D Fimbristylis
Sea P
B D
Subjective Questions
Section A
Bud
Chloroplast
X Y
Diagram 1
(a) Name the type of organisms in Diagram 1.
X:
Y: [2 marks]
(b) Explain briefly the method of feeding of organisms X and Y.
X:
Y: [2 marks]
(c) State how organism X reproduces. [1 mark]
(d) Explain the effect of light intensity on organisms X and Y. [2 marks]
(e) Organism X is useful in the food industry. Explain by giving examples. [3 marks]
Section B
2. (a) Diagram 2.1 shows an organism P.
Cell wall
DNA
Flagella
Organism P
Diagram 2.1
Explain the role of organism P in the food processing industry and in the field of medicine. [7 marks]
(b) Diagram 2.2 shows three types of interactions between organisms.
Organism X
Organism Z
Tree Organism Y
Crab
Nodules
Diagram 2.2
Describe the interaction shown by organisms X, Y and Z. [13 marks]
Written Practical
1. A housewife found that bread turns mouldy faster at room temperature compared to if it is kept in a refrigerator.
Based on this information, design a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the activity of a
microorganism, using a named example. The planning of your experiment must include the following aspects:
• Statement of problem
• Objective of study
• Variables
• Statement of hypothesis
• List of materials and apparatus
• Technique
• Procedure
• Presentation of data
• Conclusion
[17 marks]
Chapter 9
Objective Questions
1. An increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can lead to
A an increase in the rate of photosynthesis on plants
B a decrease in the transport of oxygen in the human body
C an increase in the atmospheric temperature
D a decrease in the penetration of ultraviolet radiation
Subjective Questions
Section A
Key:
Vegetable
farms
X
Pond Sewage
ZZ
treatment
plant
Housing area
Y Factory
Diagram 1
(a) State the main problem faced by residents in housing area Y. Give reasons. [2 marks]
(b) The pond is covered with algae and can hardly find any fishes. Explain why. [2 marks]
(c) It is suggested that a school be built at X.
(i) Is it a good suggestion?
(ii) Give reasons for your answer. [2 marks]
(d) The sewage treatment plant breaks down and discharge from the treatment plant enters the river at Z. Describe the
effect of this incident on the organisms in the liver. [3 marks]
(e) A student collected rain water from this area and is found to be acidic. Suggest the cause of this and explain the
effects of acid rain on the vegetable farms. [2 marks]
Section C
2. (a) Diagram 2 shows human activities carried out in an area.
Key:
Housing area
Factory
Diagram 2
Describe the activities carried out in the area shown in Diagram 1 and the effects of the activities on human health
and the ecosystem. [15 marks]
(b) Development projects must not be carried out if the environment is to be sacrificed. Suggest how development
projects can be carried out bearing in mind the need to protect the environment. [5 marks]
Written Practical
1. The headmaster of a school wants to find out the air pollution level in places around his school. Design an experiment
that can be carried out to compare the amount of air pollutants in different places around the school.
Your experimental planning needs to include the following aspects.
• Aim of study
• Problem statement
• Statement of hypothesis
• Variables
• List of materials and apparatus
• Technique used
• Experimental procedure
• Communication of data/Observation
• Conclusion
[17 marks]