Analyze the responses of Franklin D.

Roosevelt's
administration to the problems of the Great Depression.
How effective were there responses? How did they change
the role of the federal government?

Introduction
The 1929 stock-market crash and the ensuing Great
Depression exposed major weaknesses in the U.S. and world
economies. These ranged from chronically low farm prices and
uneven income distribution to trade barriers, a surplus of
consumer goods, and a constricted money supply. As the crisis
deepened, President Hoover struggled to respond. In 1932,
with Hoover's reputation in tatters, FDR and his promised
"New Deal" brought a surge of hope.Although FDR's New Deal
did not end the Great Depression it eased the people's
suffering and reformed many of the problems that contributed
to the depression by providing relief, recovery, and reform
while fundamentally changing the role of the federal
government towards the people.

Bucket 1 Relief
Bank Holiday/Emergency Banking Relief Act- Closed all banks;
government then investigated banks and only those that were
solvent ones were allowed to reopen

FERA--Sent millions of dollars to states to use in DIRECT RELIEF

payments and food for the unemployed
CCC-Created jobs for over two million young unmarried men in
conservation work and parks

HOLC- Lowered mortgages to stop foreclosures.

Bucket 2 Recovery
AAA- Paid farmers to reduce the amount of crops they planted,
in order to cut excess production

NRA-Set up voluntary agreements among businesses to cut

excess production.( prices,wages, and hours of work) SET
RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR THE ECONOMY( created NIRA)

NIRA- Authorized the President to regulate industry and permit

cartels and monopolies in attempt to stimulate economic
recovery.

WPA- Created jobs for millions of unemployed people

construction roads, hospitals, post offices, parks, and many
other projects. The WPA also included a program that hired
out-of-work artists, photographers, actors, and writers for a
wide range of artistic and educational projects.

TVA- Built hydroelectric power plants and flood control dams in

seven states in the Tennessee River region

Bucket 3 Reform
FDIC- Protected people's bank deposits, thus eliminating the
problem of "bank runs" that were a serious problem in the
early 1930's.

SEC-Created to supervise the stock market and protect

investors from dishonest practices.
National Labor Relations Act (Wagner act)- Gave labor unions
the right to organize and represent the workers in collective
Bargaining.

Social Security Act- Created a federal system of old-age

pensions and assistance for orphans and the disabled, It also
created an unemployment insurance system.

Fair Labor Standards Act- Set up the first national minimum

wage law and abolished child labor.

Soil Conservation Act- To make sure that another dust bowl

was avoided.

Conclusion- Initially focusing on immediate economic relief and

recovery, Roosevelt welcomed big business in his depression-
fighting coalition. By 1935, however, the New Deal adopted a
more class-based approach, FDR now addressed the plight of
the poor, including sharecroppers and migrants; pursued
tougher business regulation and higher taxes for the
wealthy.The New Deal had its downside. Some programs
failed, and recovery proved elusive. But the New Deal's
achievements remain noteworthy, reflection an unprecedented
level of engagement with social and economic issues. The New
Dealers radically reshaped the nature of the presidency, the
nation's political agenda, and citizens' understanding of the
role of government.