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CONTENTS
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Installation Location.
3. Working principle.
6 Advantage
7 Conclusion
8 Bibilography.
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ABSTRACT
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1.INTRODUCTION
An eddy current is a swirling current set up in a conductor in
response to a hanging magnetic field. By Lenz's law, the current swirls in such a
way as to create a magnetic field opposing the change; to do this in a
conductor, electrons swirl in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field.
The principle of the linear eddy current brake has been described by
the French physicist Foucault, hence in French the eddy current brake is called
the "frein à courants de Foucault".
The linear eddy current brake consists of a magnetic yoke with
electrical coils positioned along the rail, which are being magnetized
alternating as south and north magnetic poles. This magnet does not touch the
rail, as with the magnetic brake, but is held at a constant small distance from
the rail (approximately seven millimeters). It does not move along the rail,
exerting only a vertical pull on the rail.
When the magnet is moved along the rail, it generates a non-
stationary magnetic field in the head of the rail, which then generates
electrical tension (Faraday's induction law), and causes eddy currents. These
disturb the magnetic field in such a way that the magnetic force is diverted to
the opposite of the direction of the movement, thus creating a horizontal force
component, which works against the movement of the magnet.
2.INSTALLATION LOCATION
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Electromagnetic brakes work in a relatively cool condition and satisfy
all the energy requirements of braking at high speeds, completely without the
use of friction. Due to its specific installation location (transmission line of rigid
vehicles), electromagnetic brakes have better heat dissipation capability to
avoid problems that friction brakes face. Typically, electromagnetic brakes
have been mounted in the transmission line of vehicles. The propeller shaft is
divided and fitted with a sliding universal joint and is connected to the coupling
flange on the brake. The brake is fitted into the chassis of the vehicle by means
of anti-vibration mounting.
3.WORKING PRINCIPLE
(2) A fine mesh is required due to very small skin depths. A transient
solution with time-stepping is necessary.
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The results from three unique simulations will be shown while pointing
out the challenges of each design and the methodology needed to allow the
simulation to be successful Collaborative.
Fig 1.2(a)
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Fig: 1.2 (b) Fig : 1.2(c)
Fig 1.2 (a),(b),(c)- model set up for eddy current brake simulation by using Maxwell 3-D
transient solver
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circuits within the electric brake at either 24 volts or 12 volts, as appropriate
(Reverdin 1974 and Omega Technologies).
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5.1.1 CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS OF EDDY-CURRENT BRAKE
SYSTEM USING THE LINEAR HALBACH ARRAY:
HALBACH ARRAY
[2]For high-speed linear braking system, dynamic end effects are caused
by the relative motion between the mover of a finite length and an infinitely
long secondary. As a result, the attraction force decreases notably with speed
and, furthermore, a magnetic drag force occur
[3]In the characteristic analysis of linear braking system with magnet for
high speed, the end effect should be necessarily accounted for .
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A. MODEL AND ASSUMPTIONS
Fig 2.1
Fig. 2 Eddy-current braking system using linear Halbach array. Fig 2.1
Schematic of eddy current braking system. fig 2.2(a) Magnetostatic field distribution in the
transverse direction. Fig 2.2 (b) Magnetostatic field distribution in the longitudinal direction.
B. FIELD EQUATIONS:
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According to the above assumptions, the air-gap reaction field fulfils the
equations
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Fig 4 (a)
Fig 4 (b)
Fig. 4. (a) Distributions of the eddy current density in the transverse direction and (b) flux density in the longitudinal
direction
5.2 THERMAL DYNAMICS
Thermal stability of the electromagnetic brakes is achieved by means
of the convection and radiation of the heat energy at high temperature. The
major part of the heat energy is imparted to the ventilationg air which is
circulating vigorously through the fan of the heated disc.
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The practical location of the electromagnetic brakes prevents the
direct impingement of air on the brakes caused by the motion of the vehicle.
Any air flow movement within the chassis of the vehicle is found to have a
relatively 12 insignificant effect on the air flow and hence temperature of both
front and rear discs.
6.ADVANTAGE
Advantage Of Eddy Current Brake are as follows:
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7. CONCLUSION
With all the advantages of electromagnetic brakes over friction
brakes, they have been widely used on heavy vehicles where the ‘brake fading’
problem is serious. The same concept is being developed for application on
lighter vehicles. A Halbach magnetized mover was applied to a high-speed
eddy current braking system. Based on analytical 2-D field solutions
considering dynamic end effect, the magnetic field, eddy current distribution,
and forces according to the secondary relative permeability and conductivity
were presented. It was observed that the air-gap flux density has a nonuniform
distribution for the high speed. Comparisons between numerical simulations
and experimental data were also presented.
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Bibilography
1. Characteristic Analysis of Eddy-Current Brake System Using
the Linear Halbach Array
-Seok-Myeong Jang, Member, IEEE, Sung-Ho Lee, and Sang-
Sub Jeong IEEE transactions on magnetics, vol. 38, no. 5,
september 2002
2. www.eddycurrentprojects.com
3. www.wikipedia.org
4. “Analysis of Eddy Current Brakes using Maxwell 3D Transient”
-Valeo Telma Electrical System.
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