-11 ~, A 68 kg crate is dragged across a floor by pulling on a rope attached to the crate and inclined 15° above the

horizontal. (a) If the coefficient of static friction is 0.50, what minimum force magnitude is required from the rope to start the crate moving? (b) If IL~ = 0.35, what is the magnitude of the initial acceleration of the crate?

.. -

-14 Figure 6-22 shows the cross section of a road cut into the side of a mountain. The solid line AA' represents a weak bedding plane along which sliding is possible. Block B directly above the highway is separated from uphill rock by a large crack (called a joint), so that only friction between the block and the bedding plane prevents sliding. The mass of the block is 1.8 x 107 kg, the dip angle 8 of the bedding plane is 240, and the coefficient of static friction between block and plane is 0.63. (a) Show that the block will not slide under these circumstances. (b) Next, water seeps into the joint and expands upon freezing, exerting on the block a force j! parallel to AA'. What minimum value of force magnitude F will trigger a slide down the plane?

A

Fig. 6-22 Problem 14.

Frictionless,

massless pulley

-27 Body A in Fig. 6-33 weighs 102 N, and body B weighs 32 N. The coefficients of friction between A and the incline are p,. = 0.56 and ILk = 0.25. Angle 8 is 40°. Let the positive direction of an x axis be up the incline. In unit-vector notation, what is the acceleration of A if A is initially (a) at rest, (b) moving up the incline, and (c) moving down the incline?

Fig. 6-33 Problems 27 and 28.

-30 A toy chest and its contents have a combined weight of 180 N. The coefficient of static friction between toy chest and floor is 0.42. The child in Fig. 6-35 attempts to move the chest across the floor by pulling on an attached rope. (a) If 8 is 42°, what is the mag-

nitude of the force j! that the child must exert on the rope to put the chest on the verge of moving? (b) Write an expression for the magnitude F required to put the chest on the verge of moving as a function of the angle 8. Determine (c) the value of 8 for which F is a minimum and (d) that minimum magnitude.

Fig. 6-35 Problem 30.

Table 6-1

Some Terminal Speeds in Air

Object

Terminal Speed (m/s)

95% Distance" (m)

Shot (from shot put) Sky diver (typical) Baseball

Tennis ball Basketball Ping-Pong ball

Raindrop (radius = 1.5 mm) Parachutist (typical)

145 60 42 31 20

9 7 5

2500 430 210 115

47 10 6 3

..

"1lris is the distance through which the body must fall from rest to reach 95% of its terminal speed. Source: Adapted from Peter 1. Brancazio, Sport Science, 1984, Simon & Schuster, New York.

-23 When the three blocks in Fig. 6-29 are released from rest, they accelerate with a magnitude of 0.500 mls2• Block 1 has mass M, block 2 has 2M, and block 3 has 2M. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between block 2 and the table?

3

Fig. 6-29 Problem 23.

"38 Assume Eq. 6-14 gives the drag force on a pilot plus ejection seat just after they are ejected from a plane traveling horizontally at 1300 kmlh. Assume also that the mass of the seat is equal to the mass of the pilot and that the drag coefficient is that of a sky diver. Making a reasonable guess of the pilot's mass and using the appropriate Vt value from Table 6-1, estimate the magnitudes of (a) the drag force on the pilot + seat and (b) their horizontal deceleration (in terms of g), both just after ejection. (The result of (a) should indicate an engineering requirement: The seat must include a protective barrier to deflect the initial wind blast away from the pilot's head.)

"39 Calculate the ratio of the drag force on a jet flying at 1000 kmlh at an altitude of 10 km to the drag force on a prop-driven transport flying at half that speed and altitude. The density of air is 0.38 kg/m3 at 10 km and 0.67 kg/m' at 5.0 km.Assume that the airplanes have the same effective cross-sectional area and drag coefficient C.

-51 An airplane is flying in a horizontal circle at a

speed of 480 kmIh (Fig. 6-41). If its wings are tilted at angle 8 = 40° to the horizontal, what is the radius of the circle in which the plane is flying? Assume that the required force is provided entirely by an "aerodynamic lift" that is perpendicular to the wing surface.

Ag.6-41 Problem51.

"58 "1ffJI/JE Brake or turn? Figure 6-44 depicts an overhead view of a car's path as the car travels toward a wall. Assume that the driver begins to brake the car when the distance

to the wall isd = 107 m, and take the car's mass as m = 1400 kg, its initial speed as Vo = 35 mls, and the coefficient of static friction as IL. = 0.50. Assume that the car's weight is distributed evenly on the four wheels, even during braking. (a)

I What magnitude of static friction is needed (between tires and road) to stop the car just as it reaches the wall? (b) What is the maximum possible static friction t; max? (c) If the

coefficient of kinetic friction between the (sliding) tires and the road is ILk = 0.40, at what speed will the car hit the wall? To avoid the crash, a driver could elect to tum the car so that it just barely misses the wall, as shown in the figure. (d) What magnitude of frictional force would be required to keep the car in a circular path of radi~s d and at the given speed vo, so that the car moves in a quarter CIrcle and then parallel to the wall? (e) Is the required force less than!.,max so that a circular path

is possible?

"57 • A puck of mass m = 1.50 kg slides in a circle of radius r = 20.0 cm on a frictionless table while attached to a hanging cylinder of mass M = 2.50 kg by means of a cord that extends through a hole in the table (Fig. 6-43). What speed keeps the cylinder at rest?

Fig. 6-43 Problem 57.

Car path

I I I I I I I

I .",'"

j--d

Wall

Ag.6-44 Problem 58.

82 Inh Fig. 6-57, a stuntman drives a car (without negative lift) over t. e top of a. hill, the cross section of which can be approXImated by a CIrcle of radius R = 250 m Wh t i th

d hi . a IS e greatest

:~;~f :~ewhi~~~ he can drive without the car leaving the road at the

Ag. 6-57 Problem 82.

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