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EE401

MODEL 'QUE~S1'IONS ON [)C l\IA.cm~lES

SHORT TYPE QUESTIONS

1 . Explain the functions of: -

(i) compensating winding and .

(ij) commutating pole winding in a de machine. How are they placed in the machine and why are they in series with the armature.

1. Exp lai n in relation to d,c. machies.-

(a) The brushes are made of carbon and not copper.

(b) The po le she e is Iarninatedeven though. the 'field winding carries direct current. (c) Air-gap lengths under the main poles are less than those under the interpoles ..

:3. Why it is not required to laminste pole-core in a d.c, machine?

4. Why il,'} a d,c, machinethe air-gap lengths at the pole tips is kept more thanat the centre?

5. A series generator is run on no-load at rated rev/min. What is the voltage generated? 1" Why docs series motor is used fOI traction purposes?

2" What are the functions of equilizer rings in a lap-wound d.c .. machine? 01'

Why equUh::er are necessary ina lap-wound armature?

3. Why equalizer connections are not necessary in wave-wound armature?

9. Why u'S,LwHy parallel operation of series generators is unstable? What remedial measures are taken for sue cessful paralle 1 opera don?

10. A d c shunt generator canoperate under short circuit condition but series and cumulative compound generate r can 1,1I0t operate under this eoudi tion. Explain the reason.

11. Explain why compensating winding is used in large size d c machines?

12. Explain as to why in de macbines sometimes brushes are shifted from neutral axis by a small 8l~g]e-. or

Explain why brushes in a de motor are given a backward shift. or

For a de generator working without interpole, explainthenecessity of the brushes havjnga positive/ forward lead,

13. A long shunt compound generator fitted with interpoles is cumulatively compound. With the supply terminals unchanged, [he rnachine is now run as compound motor. Is the motor clifferentiaUy or currmlatively compounded? Explain ..

. ~ 4. When does an armeture have a dummy coiland for whatpurposeis ~n used?

15.'N1,]y is it not advisable tofully load a de shunt generator until its voltage builds up to the rated value?

16." 'lWl'l1en w10rking with very weak field a shunt motor shows tendency to flash over b erween the brushes .. ---~ -Explain the phenomena.

17. /4,., de machine may have demagnetising armature reaction even without ~ 'brush shift from lnterpole ax is)'Explain,

l g_:Explain what happens when the direction of rotation and residual magnetism of a d c shunt generator are reversed while developing rated voltage at rated speed?

I 9, Explain dearly the importance of an equiIize'f for satisfactory parallel operation of compound generators.

20. The speed of a de shunt motor Hay be controlled by changing the inserted externalresistance in the (<11) fie ld c ircuit

(b) armature c ircui t, Comparerbe performance of both the systems with the help of suitable c haracteri sti cs ..

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··1l" Explain why no volt release coil and. over load release coils are used in starter for shunt motors, 22.Wha.t is the advantage of a firur-point starter over athree-poim starter?

23. Neatly sketch the i] speed-load ii) torque-load, and iii) speed-torque characteristics of a de: compound motor.

24. State two reasons for p(;eferrln2; shunt motorsto diffecentialcompound motor in. industrial applications.

25. Sketch the complete load characteristic of a de serie-s generator and indicate therein the region of operation. of the machine as a voltage booster and. as a constant current S01W",ce ..

16. Which types. of de motors would you prescribed. for driving the following and why?

i) Lathes ii) Electrical locomotives Hi) Shears and Punches iv) Ceotrlfugel pumps.

27. What is the critica l fie ld ]1eS1 stance 0 f a de shunt generator?

28. What are lite losses in a de machine?

29. Distinguishi n dear terms between de series motor and ac series motor. or

What will happen, when a de series motor of normal design is. connected across a singlephase ac supply? .

3'~l Why brushes. are staggered on commu.tator?

31. What is the profile ofpole face of a de machine aJnd. why?

32. Whst i s the best suited material for cornmntatnr segment? 33 .. Why should a de series motor not berun Wi.U10UIt load?

or

Why a series motor should not be fitted to a load through. belt?

34. Why is. the starting current ofa de motor is higher than. the normal fnll-load current?

35. Why is '(he yoke of a de machine not laminated whereas the armature core is laminated?

36. DOl we use lanrinations for all iron parts of an electricalmachine? If not why?

37. State the effect ofbrush shift ~n a de machine,

J 8. Write briefly on ventilation and cooling of de machines.

39. Why are soft magneticmaterials used for electrical machines?

40. State with reasons whether fieldtest on two identical de series machines is regenerative method?

41 .. 1\ de compound generator ~ without aJny change inmecbineterminal connecticns ]s run as a. de compound motor. Win the nature of compounding change? Explain.

41 .. Explain what- happens. if the field winding of a de shunt motorgets disconnected while in normal operation?

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1. A dummy coil is used in the armature windings ofa d c machine. Is the machine lap or wave wound?

2. A particularapplieation employing a d c generator requires high voltageand 10w current Should the machine be lap wound or wave wound,

3. Is the interpole AT required for compensated d c machine is more or less than that of an uncompensated one?

4. On switching a d c motor it is found. to rotate III a. direction opposite tothat for which it is designed,

Identify the; motor.

5, Iron loss in a d c machine increases with increasing load, What is its mode of excitation? 6, Wh at is the nature (shape) of the d c armature I1!J.uf wave- form?

7, In a d C machine without interpole to get improved commutation whether the brush shift should varied

with change in load or the brush shift should be fixe'd?

8, Is equalizer bus needed 'fOE parallel operation of under compound generators? 9. When does the, maximum efficiency of a d c machine take place?

10. When a de motor produces maximum out put power?

11. III Swinbrne's method for finding the efficiency of a d e machine, the no-load lossesare measured and copper losses are calculated, Give your comments on the correctness of the staten-lent.

i 2, The speed-load characteristics of d c shunt motor are determined first considering and the neglecting the demagnetisation due to armature reaction, In which ease win the characteristic be more drooping?

13. A d. c generator is operated with shunt and over compound mode of excitation to give the same full load veltageat the same speed, Which mode of exitation will give a higher no-load voltage?

l4. A d. c series motor is running a.t rated speed with rated. excitation and has resistance Rl and. R2 connected across the armature and field respectively, How should Rjand '~be changed to increase the speed?

15. How plugging of a de meter is done?

16- The terminal voltage of a d c generaror at fun load. is more than itsopen circuit voltage. What is the mode of excitation of the generator?

17. When the brushes ina de machine are placed at the inter-polar axis,is the armature mmf fully

demagnetising, fully cross-rnagnetising 0]' partly demagnetising and partly cross magnetising? ~ 8., Whichmethod we must adopt t.o control the speed of a Sh11]11 motor above the base speed?

i 9,. ln ad c machine, along which axis armature mmf is directed?

20. A de sh unt motor is running at rated speed with a resistance R in series with annature. Win the speed of the motor increase or decrease if am additional resistance of finite value is connected i} across Rand ii) in series with R.

2]. What torque win be developed bya de machine carrying 22A and inducing 200V at 1400 rpm?

22. A dynamo has rated armature current at 250A. What is the current per path of the armature if the

armature winding is simplex wave wound. or sim.plex lap wound. The machine has 12 poles,

23. While controlling the speed ofa de shunt motor what should be done to achieve a constant torque drive?

24. What is the most economical method ofelectricalbraking?

25. What precautions are taken during starting of de shunt motor and series motors and why?

26. Why are the interpoles of a. de machine tapered? 27" What is linear commutation?

28. Name the factor that opposes fun reversalof current in acoil under ~o]ng commutation. 29 . Why a de shunt generator ],s used. for battery charging?

30. Why is only a differentially "ompounded de generator suitable for arc welding?

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. A de generator cam. run to, generate tile same no load voltage with different modes of excitation, For

which mode of excitation the short circuit current win be minimum?

31. What do, you mean. by polar axis and brush axis?

33. How the eddy current losses will change if the thickness of magnetic material laminations is increased? 34 .. If PI and P2 are the full load copper ].085 and stray loss (]11lcl.1!Id]11JJg iron ].088) of de machine. for what value

of tile retio P11P2 win the maximum efficiency (Deem at 80% offull-load? ] 5.W hen will you. recommend radial ventilating system?

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~ - A de shunt motor is running off a 210 V supply taking an. armature current of [5 A, the resistance of the armature circuit being 0.8 n. Calculate the value of the back emf. If the flux was suddenly 'reduced by 10 {I!Q, to what value the armature current win increases momentarily. [ Buret Un]v,,'S4]1 [108 V, 4[ A]

2_ The speed of a 500 V de shunt motor is raised from 700 rpm to 1.000. rpm byfield weakening, the total torque remaining unchanged. The armature and Held resistances are 0.8 nand 750 n respectively, and the current at the lower speed is 12 A.. Calculate the additional shunt field resistance required assuming the magnetic circuit to beunsaturated .. Negleetall losses, [AJ\.lIE - S ~95J [ 330.6 0]

3 - A de series motor runs at 500 rpm on a certain load. Calculate the resistance of a. diverter required to raise the speed to 650 rpm. with the same load current, given that the seriesfield resistance is 0 .. 05 Q. and thefield is unsaturated. Assume the ohmic drop in the field and armature to be negligible, [0.167 :0]

4" A de series motor runs at 1100 rpm taking 90 A fed from 110 V supply. .. What resistance would be connected in parallel with the field circuit to obtain a speed of 1500 rpm for delivering the same load torque? Armature resistance is 0.08 Q and series field resistance is 0.06 n. Assume magnetic circuit is unsaturated. [ ANnE -W;96] I[ 0.1 n]

5.. A de 4~pole, series wound fan motor runs nermally at 60'0 rpm on a 250 V supply, taking 20 A. The field coils are connected all in series .. Estimate the speed andthe current taken by the motor, if the coils are reconnected in two parallel groups of two in series, The load torque increases as the square of the speed .. Neglect saturation and ignore losses. [AMIE -W'90].[ 7[4rpm~ 33 ... 64 A]

6. A 37.3 k:W. li90 A. 220 V, de series motor rotates at 600 rpm. at rated load ... Losses at full load in percentage of motor input are :- Armature ell loss (jncluding brush loss) = 3.7% ) Field en-loss "" 32 %~ Rotational loss = 2 .. 8 %. Assume rotationel less to be constant and neglectarmature reaction. When this motor operates from a 220 V supply with. a current of half the rated value, find the following :-

(a) the speed in. rpm,. and

(b) the shaft: power output. Assume magnetization curve to be linear. [ Jad .. Univ, [990] [ 1244.5 rpm~ IS.28k\\' ]1

7. A 230 V de shunt motor takes an armature current of 15 A andruns at 500 rpm. Ifthe magnetic flux is reduced by 20 % and the torque developed by the armature increases by 30 %, caleulate speed and the armature current, Armature resistance is I Q. [598 rpm, 2.:L4l A]

8. A de shunt motor takes 50 A from. 200 V supply and. runs at 1000 fptr'J.~ when deliveringan output of 10 kW" The armature resistance is 0.1 Q. What resistance must be inserted to reduce the speed to 850 rprn,. if the motor i 6: dri ving

(a) a. centrifugal pump for which the torque varies as square of the speed, and

(b) a reciprocating pUlIlp for which the torque remains constant ? [ [IT, Kharagpur] [ 0.1348 0, 0..585 Q]

9. A 45 lI:.W~. 230 V de series motor has a total field and. armature circuit resistance; of 02 n. The fun load current at rated speed and voltage is 200 A. The data for open circuit characteristic curve at 500 rpm is as follows»

Emf (V) 370 385 416 445 473 fie·~d current (A) 180 200 245 285 :330

( a) Calculate the spe·ed at rated voltage and current. N eglect armature reaction. (b) Calculate the full load. internal torque developed.

(c) Calculate the value ofexternal resistance which must be added into the armature circuit to Iimit the starting current to 285 A. Also find the starting torque" [247 rpm. 1469.1 N.m, 2422.20 N.m]

i O. A belt driven 100 k W shunt generator running at 300 rpm. on. 220, V bus- bars continue to run. as a motor when the belt breaks. then taking HI kW .. What win be its speed? Given armature resistance =0.025 n. field resistance= 60 n andcontact drop under each brush = l V. Ignorearmature reaction. ,[ 279 rpm J

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i" A de series motor has the following magnetisationcharacteristics at 800 rpm

Field current- (A) 0 40 80 120 160 200

Open circuit voltage (V) 40 390 680 910 1080 1220

Armature resistance = 020 n~ Field resistance ."" 0.20 OJ. Brush. drop "" 1 V pel;' brush, The machine is connected to 750 V mains, If a diverter of resistance 0 .. 2 n is connected across the field windings, calculate

(a) the speed, and

(b) the torque. when the armature current is 40 A [ AMffi - ~ 87 ] I 1502.0 rpm, 186.2 N.m 3020 rpm. 93.1 N.m]

1.2. A de series motor has a total resistance of 0.25 n. . It runs at 700 rpm when connected to a 230 V de supply, developing e1. gross torque of 150 N..m.. Calculate the speed at which it will run and. gross torque it win develop when connected across a 240 V supply and the armature current is 3:) A. [Bunt. Univ '84 1[1077 ['pm. 71.77 N.m]

l3. A de series motor having armature and field. resistance of 0.3 n and. 0.1 n respectively has armature c urrent of 78 A for a gi ven lead torque at 750 rpm, Whar win be the resultant spe ed at steady state condition for the following eases.-

(a) If the torque remains constant and. the series field resistance be increased to 0.4 Q.

(b) If the load is changed, 50 that the resulting current is 50 A assuming linear magnetising characteristic.

Th.e mot oris rated at 120 V. [J ad. U niv. 1988] [ 552 rpm, 1318 rpm]

~ 4. The magnetisation characteristic of a 4-pole de series motor may be taken. as proportional to the current over a part of working range; on this basis the flux per pole is 4 . ..5 m Wb! A. The load requires a gross torque proportional to the square of the speed equal to 30 N.m at liOOO rpm. The armature is wave wound. and has 492 armature conductors .. Determine the speed at which the motor will run and the current it win draw when connected to a 220 V supply, the total resistance of the motor being 2.0 Q_ [Al'v1IE~ W' 88][662 rpm, 4 .. 32 A]

lS, A lS kW, 250 V~ t200 rpm) de shunt motor has 4 poles. The machine has a simplex lap windingand 900 a [mature conductors, Its armature resistance is 0.2 n., At rated speed and rated output, the armature current is 75 A and the field current is 1.5 A. Calculate

(a) the torque developed,

(b) the efflciencyvand

(c) the speed when the field flux is reduced by 30% by field control. the load torque remaining c-onstant. [AMfE g W'91 ] [ 1667 rpm. 140.3 Nan, 80.5 %]

16. A 220 V de shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.5 n. and takes an armaturecurrent of 40 A on a certainload .. By how much must the main flux be reduced to raise the speed by 50%. if the developed torque's constant? Neglect saturation and armature reaction. [ AMIE - S'97 ]. [ 37.3% ]

1'1" .A 240 V de series motor takes 40 A when giving its rated output at 1500 rpm. Its resistance is 0.3 fl.

Find what resistance must be added to 0 btain rated torq ue at . ( a) starting and,

(h) 1000 rpm. [AMlE - W~99] [5.7 Q 1.9 n]

1.8,. A 23C1 V, 7.46 kW. de shunt motor has an. armature resistance 0:f0.4 n and a shunt field resistance of230 Q . This machine drives a constant torque load. and takes an. armature current of20 A at sao rpm. If the motor speed is to be raised. from 800 rpm to 1000 rpm., find the resistance that must be inserted. in the shunt field circuit, Neglect saturation. [[IT, Kharagpur j ] 60 ... 0 Q ]

~ 9. A de shunt motor takes an armature current of 50 A at its rated voltage 0.£240 V. Its armature resistance is of 0.2 n. If an external resistance of I Q is inserted in series with the armature and the field. flux remains unchanged, the calculate the percentage decrease or increase in speed for the same load torque, [AM]E - 2000l [21.7 % decrease]

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.w, A 200 V. 2000 rpm, lOA. separately excited de motor has an armature resistance is of 2 n. Rated de voltage is appliedto both the armature and field winding of the motor. If the armature draws 5 A from the source, find. the torque developed by the motor. [ GATE - 02 ] [ 4.3 N..m. ]

21 . A 4~pale de series motor runs at: a speed of N rpm on a fixed de supply with all field coils in series.

Estimate the speed at which the motor would run if fed from the same supply with all field coils reconnected in two parallel groups of two coils each. Assume that the load torque varies as the square of the speed, that all losses are negligible and that t1H~ rnagnetisation characteristic is linear. [CSE][ 1.189 N ]

22. A 230 V, 1500 rpm de shunt motor takes an armature current of 1.5 A when running on no load at rated speedand voltage .. The armature circuit is opened and the speed is found to fall at 20 rpm per sec.

( a) Calculate the moment of inertia. of the machine ..

(b) Find the energy dissipated in the armature, circuit in starting the machine on. no load. Resistance of the armature is 0.5 n IGATE][ 1.045 Kg.ni]l[ 3.58 kWh]

23. Two de series motors run at 605 0 rpm and 150 rpm resp ecti vely when taking a current of 60 A from a 600 V supp l y. Total res istance of each' machine is 0.3 n. If the two motors are mechanically coupled and put in series across ,600' V, at what speed will they run when still taking a 'current of60 A? I[ AMIE - W'95 ][ 337.44 rpm]

24. A 220 V; 1500 rpm. de motor has a full load armature current of 30 A .. It is proposed to' design a starter which restricts the maximum armature current during start to 60 A. For design purposes, tile minimum current during starting is to be restricted to 30 A; the series resistance ill the armature circuit being cutout in steps whenever the current falls to 30. A .. Assuming the armature resistance of the de motor 05 Q. calculate the maximum series resistance used in the starter and the amount of resistance cutout during each of the first: two steps .. [ IAS-' 87 ] [ 3 .. 17 Q, 1.835 0" 0.9175 Q J

25, A de shunt machine when run as a motor on no-load takes 400W at 220 V runs at 1000 rpm. The field current is 1.0 A and the armature resistance is 0.5 Q .. Calculate the efficiency when the machine run as (a) a generator delivering 40 A at 220 V

(b) a motor taking 4.0 A from the supply of22'D V.[IIT Kharagpur- ~89][ 87.64 %,86.81 % l

26. The Hopkinson test on two shunt machines gave the following results. for fun load»

Line Voltage; - 250 V; Line current - excluding field currents. 50 A; Motor armature current, 380 A; Field currents 5 A and 4.2 A

Draw the circuit diagram and mark the values, Assuming resistance of 'each machine as 0.02 Q. determine the efficiency of each machine [AMIE-W'93]] [ '92.03 %,92.03%]

27. A 100 V de shunt motor develops I7.2 kW, when taking 20.2 kW. The field resistance is 50 :0 and armature resistance ]5 0.06 n. What is the efficiency and the power input when the output is 7.46 kW. [ UT Kharagpur-j83 ] [' 74.34 %,10034 W]

28.. A 230 V de shunt motor takes, an armature current of 2.5 when running light (i.e, at no-load). The armature circuit resistance is 0.3Q and the field current is] A. Calculate the motor output and efficiency when the motor takes 35A on full load. Also calculate the' ermature current at which the efficiency is maximum. [6900.2 W; 85.7 %; 51.74 AJ

29. Two similar de machines are tested by Hopkinson test. The following: readings 2['1e taken:line Voltage - 220 Vt generated armature current is 60 A.

field currents of two machinesare 2.5 A and 1..5 A respectively, and motor armature current is 74 A. Supply line current is 18 A and the armature resistance at 15,o,e Is 0.150: excluding brushe-s.

Brush voltage drop is 1 V per brush.

Calculate the various losses and efficiency of these machines .. [Jad. Univ, 1989 J[ 87.213 %]

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). A field's test on two mechanically coupled de series motors (with their field windings connected in series) gave the following test data;

Motor: Armature current-Sf A; Armature voltage -500 V;. Field winding voltage drop - 38 V. Generator: Armature.current-Jf A; Armature voltage - 400 V; Field winding voltage drop - 36 V.

R esistanee of each armature is 0 . .2 Q. C a lcula te the efficient y of 'each machine at this load, [A.MIE- S '96].. [ 74.33 %,.69.74 .%,]

31 .. A de shunt generator has the following open circuit characteristic at 500 rpm:

Field current (A) 1 4 6 8 10

Generated emf (V) 70 135 180 200 210

What emf will it generate, if the machine is now running at 600 rpm? The resistances of the field and armatureare 250. and 0.] 50: respectively. If the generator is now delivering power to a load and the terminal voltage becomes. 240V, calculate the load current. [256 V; 97.1 A]

32. A de generator has the following field. windings:

(a) a separately - excited winding of lOem turns per pole and a resistance of 80 n supplied from a

constant vo ~ tage source of 110 V.

(b) a shuntwinding of 500 turns per pole and at resistance oOf2.o0 n. The open circuit magnetisarion curve is

Armature voltage (V) 154 302 396 458 505 538

Fi~l.d AT per pole 500 1.000 [500 200'0 2500 3000.

Determine the no load terminal voltages at 500 and 600 rpm; both windings being connected to their respective' sourcesat the respective speeds. [520. VI 624 V]

33. A certain de machine is rotating at [200rpm. The cross= sectional area of the of each of its four poles is 200 Sq.cm and the average flux density in the air-gap at the pole faces is 0.78 Tesla .. The armature winding has 95 coils of 2 turns each. The machine is wave wound. If the voltage at the terminals is 250 V, is the machine operating as a motor, or a generator?[ as a motor ]

34. Find the number of turns on. each commutating pole of a 5 kW, 230 V, -l-pole separately excited de generator having a wave-connected armature with 564 conductors. The flu-x: density in the commutating pole air gap is 0.15 Wb/m2at full load and the, effective, length of the gap is 0.25 em, Neglect the ampereturns required for the iron part of the cornmutating pole of magnetic circuit.] AMIE - W!96 ] '[ 49 turns]

3:5 .. A 4=pole; 23.75 kW. 250 V,. lap-Wound de shunt generator has 50 slots with 8 conductors per slot and shunt field resistance of 50 O. The brushes are given a lead of 8° (mech.), when the generator delivers full load current, Calculate the number of turns compensating winding, if the pole/pole pitch ratio is 0.8. [ AMIE- S'95 ] [ 10 ]

36. Find the number of series turns peer pole on a level compound generator to enable it to maintain the voltage constant 'at 460 V between. no-load and full-load of 100 kW . Without any series winding, it is found that the shunt current has to be 2A on no-load and 2.65 A on full-load to maintain the voltage constant at 460 V. Number of turns per pole on the shunt field winding=2000.

If the series coils are: wound with turns per pole and had a total resistance of 0.01 Q, what value of diverter resistance would be required to give level compounding? [ .0.028 Q ]

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37. A 5 kW, 220V, WOO rpm, -l-pole, weve connected de compound generator has 1068 armature conductors and 800 shuntfield turns. The total armature circuit resistance including the brushes I inter-pole and series field winding is 0.7 n. The ace of the generator at. the rated speed is given aJS

Emf (V)

55

105

150

190 220 240

250

Ampere-turns per 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800

pole (AT)

The demagnetizingampere-turns of the, armature at full-load can be taken as 10 % of armatureampereturns at the rated voltage, How many series turns are required to make the generator a ]eveJ compound one .. [Jad .. Univ, '90] [20 turns].

38. A shunt generator is to be converted into a level compound generator by the addition of series field winding. From a test em the machine with shunt excitation only, it is found that the shunt current is 3.1 A to give 400 V on no-load and 4,g A to give the same voltage when the machine is supplying its full-load of 200 A. The shunt winding has 1200 turns pel!' pole, Find the number of series turns required per pole, [ AMJE - W' 89 ] [ 10 ]I

39. A 4-pole de generator supplies a current of 148 A. It has 492 armature ampere conductors lap-connected.

The brushes are given a lead of 10° when the machine derivers full-load, Calculate demagnetizing ampere-turns 'per pole. If the shunt winding takes 60 A; Calculate the no. extra shunt field turns necessary to neutralize this demagnetization, [AMl:E - W'93] [9]

40. A deseries generator, having an external characteristic which is a straight line through zero to 50 V at 200 A is connected as a booster between a station bus-bar and at feeder of 0.3 Q resistance, Calculate the vo]tage difference between the station bus-bar and the far e-nd of feeder ata current of

(a) 200 A and,

(b) 50 A [AJvjIE-S' 91] [ ~10 V; -2.5 V)

41. A 2-pole de shunt generator charges. aWO V battery of negligible internal resistance. The armature of the machine is made up of 1000 conductors) each of 2 mill-ohm resistance. The charging currents are found to be lOA and 20 A for generator speeds of 1055 and 1105 rpm. respectively. Find the field circuit resistance and flux per pole of the generator. Neglect armature reaction. [ IES -'79] [100 Q, 6 m\Vb]

42, A 10 kW1 6-pole de generator develops an emf of 200 V at 1500 rpm. The armature has a lap connected winding. The average flux. density over a pole pitch is 0.9 tesla, The length and diameter of the armature are 0.25 rn and 0.2 m respectively. Calculate

(a) the flux per pole,

(b) the total n~ of active conductors ]11 the armature, and

(c) the torque developed by the machine when the armature supplies a current of 50 A_ [GATE - '91] [0.02356 wi, 340, 63.67 N.m]·

43. A LSOO kW, 550 V, 16-pole de shunt runs at 150 rpm, If there are 2500 lap connec-ted armature conductors and full load copper losses are 22 .. 5 kW~ find the useful flux per pole and the area of the pole shoe ifthe gap density has uniform value of 0 .. 9 Wbfro2• [AI\tIIE-2000] [0.0893 Wb, 0.0992 m2]

44. A 4·-pole., 900 rpm de machine has a terminal voltage of 220 V and an induced emf of 240 V at rated speed .. The armature circuit resistance is 2.0 n. Is the machine is operating asa generator or a motor? Compute the armature currentand the no. of armature coils if the air-gap flux. per pole is 10m Wb and the armature turns per coil is 8.. The armature is wave wound. [Generator, 10 A, 50] (A1vlIE-W'90]

45. A de series. motor drives a load, the torque of which varies as the square fthe speed. The motor takes a current of 15 A when the speed is 600 rpm. Calculate the speed and the current when the motor field winding is shunted by a diverter of the same r-esistance as that of the field winding. Mention the assumptions made, if any. [ArvITE-S'97] [714 rpm; 25.23 A]

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/". A 220 V de shunt motorhas an armature circuit resistance of 0.2 n and field resistance of no Q. At no load. the motor talkies :5 A and FUns at li500 rpm. Ifthe motor draws 52 A at rated voltage and rated load, calculate the motor speed and its rated shaft torque lin Nm, The rotational los-ses at no load and full load are the same. Neglect armature reaction and brush. contact drop. [AiVflE -S~90] [1436 rpm. 65.4.5 N.m]

47. A ]OkW, 2S0'V, de- shunt generator bas 3. fun load voltage regulation of 6 %.[fthefie]d current, when supplying rated load, is 1.47A~ flnd

(a) field circuit resistance,

(b) armature circuit resistance neglecting brushvoltage drop. and

(c )tota] powerIoss within the generator, [AMITE~S ~ 85]1 [ 17(UJ7 £1; O . .li23 Q;, 2.18 k W]

48. A de series motor drives a load whose torque is proportional to cube of tile speed. If the motor current is found to dr-op 'to half the previous value, wha,t is the change in speed and torque? [N2= O.63N r: T2 =0.2:iT I ][ Jad, Un:!.v.]

49 .. A de shunt motor takesaa armature current of 50 A at its rated! voltage of 240 V. Us srmsture resistance is of 0.2 :no If an external resistance of 1 n is inserted in series with the armature and the field flux remains unchanged, then. calculate the percentage decrease or increase in speed for half of the' load torque. [AMIE - 2001]. [8. 69 %]

:5 O. A 230 V de shunt motor has an. armature circuit resistance ( including brushes) of 0.5 Q and field. circuit resistance of ll S n .lif the: machine is ccnaected te 230 V SUP])]y mains, fmc! the ratio of speed as a generator to. the speed as a motor. The Hne currentin each caseis 30 A. [ANIIE-S'99] [1..14].

:5 ~ . A 250 V de s~:unt. motor on. no-load runs at 1000 rpm takes 5 A. Thetetal armature and. field resistances are respectively 0.2 nand 250 Q. Calculate; the speed when loaded and taking a current of 50 A. if the armature reaction weakens the field by 3% .. [ 993.69 rpm.]

52. Find the resistance of the load, which takes a power of :5 kW from a de- generator whose external characteristic is given by the equation V=250 ---<O.5Il [CSE-'9'5]. [I 1.417 Q] ..

:53. A de series motor is ddving a. fun load. where the load jorque is pmportional to the cube of the speed.

The resistance of the armature and field in series is 1 Q. and. the motes takes, lO> A and runs aJU 1000 rpm. when. eperating from 200 V supply .. Calculate the value of resistance to 'De ~nsert:ed in series with the armature to reduce the operating speed to 800 IJIm.I[MS-~88] [U 1.75 n]

54 . .A de shunt motor with armature circuit resistance of 0.2 n drives a load. at 1245 rpm, drawingan armature current of 125 A from a 440 V supply .. If the excitation Is reduced to 75 percent of the initial va lue and the total torq ue developed by the armature remains unaltered, calculete the new speed. [ GATE - 'S7][1626A51 rpm.]

): 5" A shunt wound moterruns at ,600 rpm from a 230 V supply when taking a line current of 50 A. Its arrnature and field resistances are 0.4 Q and 104 .. 5 n respectively . Neg]ecting the effects of armature reaction allowing '2 V brush drop, calculate

(a) the line no-lead speed if the no load line current is 5 A.

(b) the resistance to be placed in the armature circuit in orderto reduce the speed to Sf)O rpm~ when the motor is taking a. line current of:) 0 A~

(c) percentage reductica of flux perpole in. order that the speed maybe 750 rpm when the armature current is 30 A, with no additional resistance in the armature circuit, [CSE] [ 652 rpm,. 0.728 o. 11.3 %]

56. A 460 V de series motor has its field coils spilt into-two equal halves and takes 40A when running at. 600 rpm. with two field coils in series, Determine the speed when two halves of the field windingare eonneeted iuparallel assuming me torque to remain, constanr and the magnetic- circuit to be unsaturated. The resistance: of theennatnre circuit is 0.5 .Q and. that of the field. coils in series is 0.2 n. [lA.S-· SO] [842A3rpm]

/

j. A 250 V de shunt motor has, an armature resistance of 0.5 .Q and. a: field resistance of 2:50 O. When driving a constant torque load at 6O()'rpm~ themotor draws 21 A. \Vhart will be: the: new speed of the motor ifan additional 250 n resistance is inserted in (he field. circuit? [GA TE- '88] [1 I 50 rpm]

58. A de. long, shunt compound generator has a shunt field. winding of lOOO turns pel pole and resistance of 0.05 n, In order to obtain the :ra~ed voltage both et no load and. fun load for operation as a shunt generator, it i~ necessary 1.0 increase field current 0.2 A. The full lead srmaturecuerent of'the generator is 80 A. Calculate the diverter resistance connected in pa_rn]le I of theseries fieldto (I btain level compound operation" ['0.083 .0..]

59. A 3 k.W de series motor runs normally at 800 rpm at a 200 V supply taking: 16 A; when the field coilsare aJ~. connected in series. Estimate the speed and curren t taken by the meter if the coils are re-connected. in two parallel groups of two in series. load torque, increases as the sqW1Jre of the speed. Assume that the flux is directly proportional tothe current and ignore losses, [MnE-S "96][26.91 A, 951.32 rpm.]

60. A 4-pole de motor runs at ,600 rpm oafull-load and takes 25 A ali 45,0 V. The armature is lap' wound with 500 conductors and flux per pole is given by '$""(1 .7xH}--2) x I~H Wb, where, Lis the motor current. If the supply voltage and torque bothare halved. calculatethe sp eed 101J~ which the motor will run. N e glect stray losses. [L\ S -' 84] [372 rpm]

61. A 120 V de shun! motor has an armature resistance oiO.5 :Q and field circuit resistance ef 220' n. It takes a line current of 41 A when. del.iverhl,g fun load torque .. illfi~ is desired to raise the speed by 60 %, with the load torqueremaining constant, find. the additional resistance to be inserted in the field circuit. Assume Hnea:f megnetisation characteristic. [lAS -'94] [159.5 0]

62. A 250 V de shunt motor has an armature current of 20 A when running at 1000 rpm against some load. torque. The armature resistance is 0.5 nand brush contact drop j s I V per brush .. By how much m ust the maln flux be reduced to raise the speed 50 '% if the developed torgue is constant? Ignore effects of armature reaction and magnetic saturation. [GAlE -~9'O] [34.83 %]

63. A 440 V de shuat motor has a no load. (Ia=O) speed of 2,000. f]JIll. It is running at [000 rpm at full load torque, reduced armature voltage ami full field. If load.~or,que is reduced to :5 0% of'raeed value with armstuee voltage and field veltageheid constant at previous values, the speed. increases to ] 050 rpm. Find the armature voltage drop at full load. Neglect effect ofarmature reacttoo. [GATE ~'94] [ 40 V J

64. A +-pole, de shunt generator, with. a shunt field resistance of 100 Q end an armature resistance of 1 Q, has 378 wave-connected conductors in its armature. The flux per pole is 0.02 Wb. If a load resistance of lO n is connected aCFOSS the armature terminalsand the governor is dri ven at [000 rpm, calculatepower a lbs,orbedb:y load. [AMlE-S,9 8] [5.153 k W]

65. A ]0 kW. 240 V de shunt motor draws a line curreet of 5.2 A while runaing at no load. speed of 1200 rpm from a 240 V de supp]y. It has an armatere resistance of 0.25 Q1.lind a field circuit: resistance of 160 Q. Estimatetbe efficiency ofthe motor when it delivers rated load, [GATE ~'93] [84.64 %]

66. A 220 V. 1.5, ,kW~ 859 rpm, separately excited de motor has armature resistance 2.5 n and it draws cu trent 0 f .8 A at rated ],oad cendi 601'1. If the field current an.d thearmature voltage are fixed at the value of rated load, what win be the no-load speed of the motor? Assume losses remain constant between no load and fun load operation. [GATE - '95] [9'32.208 rpm]

61.. Two similar de: machines are tested. by the Hcpkiasoe's method .. Wb.en connected eo a 240 V de supply. and. the g,en.e.ra!bJ.f is delivering an output of 42 kW, thetotal current fr-om the' supply ~nto two armatures ]S 40A. The field currents are 1 .. 0 A and 0.8 A. Anna!ltlLlre resistance of machineis 0.03 Q. Caleulate the

efflciencv of .0:1,., -, 'C!',e,- e - t, - [III I7I.. .... a'0iT'I.--w~'Q9··] [8····9'.7··3···%,-]'

J "" . !,Ue e_R_:l:'aor. '. l'.U"", ~~ ._. Q. ., ,-

68. Two identical l S kWj, 250 V~ 1000 rpm de series motors A and Bare connected in series. across a 250 V slllpp~y. They drivethesaene shaft tJ:no:u~ reduction gearing 3:Jand. 4\: 1 respectively. If the; total load torque on tile Sh3ft~S 630 N.m. cak;ulate the speed of the shaft, the voltage across each motor and the cumntfrom the supply. Neglect losses and. assume the magnetic circuits to be unsaturated. [GATE ~] [180 rpm, 107.055 V, ·~42.74 V, 4758 A]

" 11 ~

oj, A 2-pole lap wound de shW1lt meter with 360 eenduetors eperaees at a ceastant flux level of 50mWb.

The motor armature has a. sesissance ofO.I2 n and is designed to operate @It 240 V. taking a C1IlITent of60 Aat fun load,

(<'I) Determine thevalue of extemal resi stance to be inserted in the armaWIr'e circuit so that armature CllIITent does I10~ exceedtwice wts fuH~load value at sta:l1iliLg.

(b) The external resistance is completely cutout when the motor reaches its final spe,ed~ witb the armature current at the full load, with the armaturecurrenret the full load value. Calculate the motor speed under this conditien. [GATE- ·'92] I[ 1.,8 8 n ,77,6 rpm]

70. The Hopk~[lso[l}. test ,0]11:\\1'0 S.hllfi~ machines gave the following results for fullload»

Line Vohage; .~ 220V;. Line; current excludingfield currents: 30 A; Motorarmature current is 210 A; Field currents", 3 A and 2.5 A. Calculate the efficiency of each machine, Armature re-sistance '0:[ each machine is 'O.025n. [TJm~ 91.45 % ; itll!~ 9'1.2], %]

71. Twosimilar de machines when reseed by Hopkinson's method gave the :fo'Howing~est[,e:gults:,-

Field currents. 3J'e 2 .. 5 A and. 2 A. Line Voltage is 220 V.lme current including both field currents is l 0 A. Motor armamre current is 73 A. The armatureresistance of' each machine is O.OS:!1. Calculate the efficiency of'both the machines. [UfSC-~.'993]

72,. Determine developed torque and shaft torque of a. 220 V~ 4-pole series motor with 800 wave connected condnctors supplying a loado:f8.2 kW by taking 45 A from the mains. The flux per pole is 0.025 Wb and. irs armature circuit resistaace is 0.6, Q. [.A1'v:llE~W'9Q.] 1(286.5 N.w!, 270 . .5 N.m]

73" Two de compound weund geaesatoes A and B operate in parallel with their excitasicns such th~ttherr external cheracteeistics, which may betaken as str,aight fines in the WOIlldng :range", are defined byfihe fol.l{lwing pairs ofpcints. Find the load currents of each machine when the; load Is

(a) a re-sistance of 6 n. aad

fb)a battery of 220 V!liilld total resistance of 1.1 n.

o 20

Terminal voltage of the generator o(V)

A B

270 280

Load. current (A)

220

24,0

[AMffi -W"90] [ill,.\=t5 A,. Is=23.75 A; IA=8.94 A." IB=16.IS A]

14. Two de generators ope'!.";11't~l1J.g: ~n parallel have their linear external characteristics, One machine has terminal voltage of 210 V on no load and 220 Vat a load current of 30 A. 'The ,oth:er rnachinehss a voltage of280 V on no load and 220 Vat a 40 A. Calculate the output current of each machine and the bus voiitage when

I( a) the tO~8iI load current is 50 A, and

(bjthe load resistance is 10 Q. ( AM[E ~S'96 ][ JES~'OO ]' I[ [~=20S1 A, h=29.4,9 A, VF235.76 V ; 11-8.9] A, 12"" 16.59 A, V F255 V ]

• 12 ~

OBJ EC'lIIVE TYPE QUESTIIONS ONI DC IMACH!I NIES

2.1 In a de machine, the armature is always on the rotor unlike an. machine where it could be either on the stator or rotor, because

(a) Commutation action would other wise not be pnssi ble

(b) Armature reaction demagnetizing action would otherwise be more"

(c) Otherwise it would not be pcssible toplace compensating winding in pole shoes"

(d) Self-starting of de motor would not be possible otherwise, [ IES ~ '00 J

2.2 The armature mmf of a de machine has

(a) Triangular space distributionand rotates at the speed of errnature, (b) Trapezoidal space distri [l'l.1!tioiJl and is stationary in space.

(c) Stepped distribution and. rotatesat the speed of the armature,

(d) Triamgul~[ space distributionend is stationary in space. [ IES - • 00]

2..3 C onsider the following statements»

FO]" a level compounded de generator to run at constant speed, the series field mrnf must effectively compensate

(i) Armature reactionmmf

« i i) Armature resistancedrop

{my Brush contact voltage drop.

Which of these statements is I are correct ? (a) (ii) alone .

(b) (i) and (ii),

(e) 0) and (iii)

(d} (Q. (U,) s. (iii) [ IES - '00 ]1

2.4 Consider the' fol ]owlng statements:

0) Interpole windings are 'connected. in. series w~thaJrm!3!ture winding.

(i i) Polarity of imerpole must be the sameas that of the main pole ~II! advance,

(iii) Distortion ofthe mainfield underthe pole shoes is not affected by the use [If interpoles Which of these statements regarding interpole 'Used. in de motors is j are correct?

(a) (]) & (iil

(b) (iili) & (iii)

{c) (i) .& (ruii)

(d) (:i) alone. [ IES - '00 ]

2 .. 5 A Series motor drawing an armature current of I, ~.s operating under saturated magnetic conditions. The torque developed in the motor is proportional to

(a) U r, (b) U J[J2 (C)I~2 (d) r, [illS - '00]

2A5, A de Sbuntrnetoe having unsaturated magnetic circuit runs a~ 1000 rpm with rated voltage. If the applied voltage is half of the rated voltage. the motor win nmat

(a) 2000 rpm (b)1 l 000 rpm. (c) 750 rpm (d) SOD rpm. [ ras.- '00 ]

2.7 A 200 V de shant motor deli veraan output of n k W with an input of 20 k W. The field winding resistance: is 5 on and- armature resi stance is 0.04 n. Maximum efficiency will be obtained when the total armature clapp er losses are equal to

(a) 2632 W

(b) 3000. W

(c) .3680 W

(d) 5232W [ IES- '00 ]I

.. 8 It de Shunt motor is fi!.111Jlnmg at U!OO rpm., whenexcised with 200 V de .. Neglec~ing the losses and !Hl!I:u[at]on~ the speed ofthe motor when connected to a 175 V de supply is

(a) 750 rpm (b) 900 rpm (c) 1050 rpm (d) 1200 rpm. [: GATE -'99 ]

2.9 The compens a!trng winding in a de machine

{a} is located in armature slots for coropensation of the armeture reaction (b), is ]ocated on committingpoles for improving the cornmntation.

(c) is located. on- po le shoes for avoiding the flashover at the: commentator surface

(d) is ]ocated an po le shoes to avoid the sparking at the brushes, [ GA TE-' 0 0 ]

2. lOA 240 V de series motor takes .!) A when giving Its rated output at 15 00 rpmjtsressstenee is 03 n.

The value of resistance which must be added to obtain rated torque a.t 100.0 rpm is

(a) ,6 o (b) 5.7 o (e) 2.2 11: (d) 1.9 n [GATE -'00]

2. ] I A permanent magnet de ccmmeneator m.ot:or has a no-load speed of ,6(1 00 rpm when connected toa 110-, V de supp]y. The aemature resistance is 2,5 :Q and otaer lassies may be neglectedv The speed of the motor with supply voltage of ,60 V developinga torque of 0.5 N.n1, is

{a) 3000 rpm

{b) 26,73l])m

(c.) 2836 rpm

(d) 5346l1J1fll. [ GATE _l{lO ]

2,12 A 240 V de shunt meter an armaeure resistance of 0.5 n has amllload CUffe11JJ~ of4@ A .. Find the ratio of the stall in gtorqne ~o' the; full load torque when a resistance of 1 Q is connected tn series with. the armature ?

(a) 4 (b) 12 {c) 6 (d) none of the above. [GATE-'98 ]

2.13 If the speed ilf a de meter ~c;reases with loadtorque, then it is a {a.) series motor

(b) permanent magnet motor

(c) differentially compounded motor.

(do} cumalative! y compounded motor. [~S - '99 ]

2: .14 If two 8~pole de machines of identica[ armatures 2:1!e wound GIlle with lapwi[[d~ng <1!nd. the other with wave winding,.theu

( a) wave wound machine will have more rated. current and more voUage. (b) lap wound .machine win havemore rated. v,ol~a:ge and more CTl!1.IJ1ent. (c) lap wound machine willhave more rated. vol~age ,and less current.

(d) wave wound machine will have more rated. voltage and less current. [IES -'99]1

2. 15 The inte'l1'(.I]es in de machines have a tapering shape in order to (01!) reducethe overall weight

(b) reducetbe saniration ~n the imerpele.

(c) economize on the material required for interpols and windings.

{d) increase the acceleration of commutation, [ .lES ,-' 98 ]

2.16 The booster isa series dynamo.

(a) true (by, false [AN(]lf> S·O].]

2" 1 7 The testing of large machines by the direct method enteilsa considerable i05"5 of power

(a) true (b) false [ AJIr1IE ~ S· 01]

2.18 The armature of a de machine is made of silicon steel laminations to (81) reduce hysteresis 10:8s only

(h) reduce the eddy current ~OS5 only (c) increase the penneabi~i~

(d) reduce both hysteresis and eddy current loss. [AMJE-W'OO]

~.1 9 Residual magnetism is essential ~n the field electroraagnets 'for building up' nf voltage ('I[ all types de. generators except

(a) Compound

(b) Shunt

(c) Separately excited

(d,) Series [ A1vffE - W'(lO ]1

2.,10 In de machines, the field-flux axis: end ermature msnfaxis are respectively along --~--- axis and -------

axis [ ANIlE - S'OO ]

2. 2~. A di fferentially compounded de generator is delivering ful lJead current ata term inal voltage of 22 CI V"

[f its series field winding is short: circuited, then Its terminal voltage wm -~~---- [ AMIE -S'OO ]..

2.22 [n de genesaters, the effect of armaturemmf'cn the main- pole flux disuibuticn ~,s 1.0 (a) distort it

(b) produce no distortion

(e) shift the zero crossing of resultant flux density wave in the dwrection of rotation

I( d) shift the zero crossing of resultantflux density wave against the direction. 0:[ rotation . [AIvflli - S '01]

2 .. 23 A cumulatively- compounded de motor drives a load requiring ccnstampower . If series field winding of this motor gets short circuited, then

(a) armature curreot Ea increases and. speed min rises (b) I, remains constant and w~ ri ses,

(c) I~ increases and.IDm raJAs.

(d) 13 decreases and (j}1JJl ri ses, [ AM1E - S' OJ ]

2.24 In field's test the, fields are connectedin parallel.

(a) true (h) (:aJse. [ AlvITE-W'110 ]

2.25 T and P are the developed electromagnetic torque and shaft: power of a de series motor. mf losses are neglected, then for constant terminal Voltage

(a) T oc P (b) T cc 11 P (c) T ec ~p (d) T cc p2 [ A.NllE -Wl99 ]

2.2.6 In a shunt motor. the demagnetizing effect of the sudden rush of currensat s.tarting------- the residual

magnetism in the field. [ AMIE ,- S' 0 I ]

2.27 TIle type of'dc motor used in electric traction is

(a) Series (b) shunt (c) separ.8!tely excited (d), none of'theabove, [A1VfiE - S'99]

2.28 For de shurs motor, speed. contrel by vsriation of armature voltage withfield excitation kept consrant is best suited fur

(Eli) constant power dri ve {b) variable power d[~ve (c) constant torque drive.

(d) variable torque drive, [ AI:vlrn - S '99 ]

2.29 Consider tbe fo]low[]ilg: statements. At stardng, the 'flje1d. excitatson of a de shunt motor is kept at ~ts maxi-mum value to eeduce

1. Sparking at brushes '2.. Acceleration time. 3,. S tartin,~ current. 4. Voltage dip in supply. Of these statements

(a) l & 2: are: CCH"f1f!Ct

(b) 2, 3 & 4, an: correct

(c) 1, 3 & 4 are correct

(d)1 1, 2~ 3 &. 4 are correct [ rss ~ '98 ]1

'2,30 The dummy col] illl ~. de machine is used to (a) eliminatereaetance voltage

(b) eHminate armaturereaction.

I( c) bring about mechanical balance of armature

(d) eliminate harmonics developed in the machine [ AMffi -S'OO ]

~ 15·

,.

2 . .31 Air g:a:p between statoli' and armature of an. electric motor is kept as smart as possible (a) to reduce the size ofthe motor ..

(b) to obtain higher speed of rotation. (c) to get a stronger magnetic field.

>( e) [0 reduce windage losses. [ A~ -S., 0 01 ]

2.3:2 N Qtn1any~---~--~- windasg ]S used for de machines having output current more than. 400 A

{a) sim~le:;< :vave fb) simplex lap (C)I duplex lap (d) duplex wave. [ AMIE -W'99 ]

1.33 As compared to the use of 8. single series de motor for electric traction for a given starting time t, the sed es paralle l control using two similar motors with time tJ2 for each series and parallel operation

would give a saving in starting en.ergy of (a) 100 % (b) 50 % (c) 2S % (d) zero. [IES - 98]

2.34 A 4- pole generator with 16 coils has atwolayer ~ap winding. The pole pitch is

(m} H5 (b) 32 (c) 8 (d) 4.

2.35 A separately de motor drive,saI constant torque load. A decrease in the field current results in (a )incn~:ll!se inmachine speed with increased armature cusrent,

(b ) increase in machine speed with. decrease in due ermeture current. (c) increase in the machine speed witharmetare current unchanged,

(d) decrease in machine speed with increase in the armaturecutrent, [ AMIE ~W'OO ]

2.30' In a series motor developed torque is approximately propartienalto the :Siq.u.~ue of k W output

(a) true fb) false, [ M1ffi~W'OO ]

2.31 Constant torque opera1tion of a separately excited de motor implies armature voltage coatrol.

(a) [IUe (b) false. [ AMllE ~ W' 00' ]1

2.3 8 lf armature voltage is halved with. field current and p ower developed remaining constant, ennature current: will be doubled and sp eed hal vert.

(a) true (b)1 false. [AME ~W'OO]

2.39 A fly wheel mouoted on the shaft of the drive tends to eq ualizes load on. the ]110'U~r but not the load on the shaft ..

(a) true (b) false. [A1V[[E _W"OO]

2 - 4·0 I'll an nnsaturated de series metor

(a) torg1!lJe is proportlonalte the armature current. (b) torque is proportional to the field CUITe-:ut

(c); torque is. proportional to the square root of the armature current.

(d) torque is proportionaleo the square of the armature 'current [ ANDE -S' 00 ]

2.41 In a constant power type losd, torque is preportional to speed.

(a) true (0) false. [ArvnE -S'OI ]

2..4 2 When dri ve is fed. [rom converters, p f is poor.

(a) true fb) false, [ AMIE -S -or ]

2_43 To. get speed higher than the base speed nfa dc shW'Ji~ motor 'lOll armsnrre resistencecontrolis used,

(b) fie ld resistance control is. used.

(c) armature voltage control ~s used.

(d) none ofthe;se,. [ AM1E -8' 0 1 ]

2.44 An example of amotor having short-time duty is fbund in (a) centrifugal pumps

(b) crane drives

(c) drlUlng machines

(d) .1lJU the above, I[ Al'vDE -S'OO]

_===

~~--------~------------------------~~--------~----~------~=------

· lAS In a de armature wi_ndingfue back pli~ch and front p~~dl in. terms 'Of must be :(a) even. and oddrespectively,

(b) odd and evenrespectively,

(c) both even

(d) beth odd. [AMIE -W'99]1

2 .. 46 A cumuletive compound motor runs at 1200 rpm on no load. When the flux: increases by 14 % on full load, the full load drop ~J1J. the armature comes to be :5 %.What is the full load speed:

(a) 1000 rpm (b) D32rpm (c) ]428 rpm (d)1 912 rpm, [ AJVUE - W'99 ]

2j.1'7 Ina de machine when. a coil undergoes commUital!iGn~ it is short circuited by a. brush. DUJ"mg the period of comrnuenion no wmOona~ emf Is induced. in the coil.

(a) true fb) false, [ AMffi - W'99 ]

2.48 A de separately exeited motor runsfrom 220 V su!pply.W~th the field. excitation kept constant. the machine] s taken off'from de supply and. fed m, BJ. load. witllresistance: of li 0 n, N eglecting all losses, the; initi 31 current is

(a) 22 A (b) li 1 A (e) 44 A (d) 0 true (b) false. [ AMJE ~S'99 ]

2.49 A. de sepafa~ely excited motor nms from 220 V suppiy .. lfthe motor is braked by plugging with the field excitation kept constant and. a resistance of I 0 Q is inserted inthearmature circuit, The initial braking currentis (neglect all losses)

(a) 22 A (b) 11 A (c) 44, A (d) 0 true (b) false, [ AIVJlli ~S '99 ]

2":; 0 A de motor respcnds to the need for increased power at: its output shaft by crumgmg its ampereconductor di stri beticurelativeto ~ts field d istribution.

(a) true (b) false. [[ A..NITE -,Wj 9 9 ]

2.5l In a chopper-fed. de drive, the chopping frequency is approxhnately equal to

(a.) 50 Hz n~) 300 Hz l(c)liOGO Hz fd) 5000Hz. I[ AMIE -S'OO]

2.52 Considerthe foUowmg statements regarding the msgnetissrioa eharaeteristicsof a. de generator

(i) fit representsthe variatsm offield flux with field current,

(ii) Variation of 0 C~enninal voltage with. field current is independent ef speed ..

(iii) It is non-linear from zero to ratedfie ld current

(iv) I~ helps [0 determine critical field l'es~sta!.u;:e ata ~i yen period.

(tv) It al ways start from the origin ..

Which of these statementsare correct ?

(a) (~) & (tv) (b) O)~ (]~) If.. >(v) (e)1 (ii), (iii) & (ruV)1 (d) (iii)'& (v) [ IES-~'99 ]]

2.53 Match Hst I with Hst IJ! andselect the correct answer using the codesgiven below the lists.

Lists:

Us! '~

List II

A. Voltage drop te-st

.8. HopkinsQn~s test.

(ii) Separatian of iron aadfriction Josses

C. Swinburne's test.

(iwi) Open-and shert-cireuited armature co~ls

D, Retardasien test.

(iv) Temperature lise

Codes: A B C
(a) (iii) 0) (]v)
(b)1 (it) (I.v) 0)
(c) (Hi) (iv) (i)
(d) (in (i) (Iv) D Oi) (iii) (in (m)

[lIES -'00]

,.; An electric meter with. "censtana out~:n!!~j' will h.aveaJ~m:,que - speed characteristic in the OOm1JJ ofa fa) .straight line through the origin

(b) straight lineparallel to the speed. a!xjg (c) circle about the origin

(d) rectangular hyperbo lao [ GA TE-' eH ]

2.55 A 4-pole, lap wound de generator has a developed power of P Watts and voltage of V volts .. Two adj acent brushes of the machine are removed as they worn out If the machine operates with the remaining brushes.fhe deveJoped v,olta~e and power that can be obtained from the machine: are

(.~)IE.P {oJ, :Et2~pn (c)E,P/4 Cd) E, PI2 [ GA TE- '99 ]I

Dr. S .. K. DuUa, .1E~ectr]ca,I.1E lJ.gin,eerin:g D!cp.a rUn e:Q t, R E CoH@gfl:, Du.lI"gapl!lr~ 713, 219

r ...

I