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Introduction:
There are basically two ways in which a learner can achieve understanding of a rule:
the deductive (rule-driven) path and the inductive (rule-discovery) path.
Deductive : This technique simply means providing learners with the ready grammar
rule, describing detail how the new structure is formed, what its components are, and
in what type of context it can be used. All the information is given in the form of a mini-
lecture, during which the teacher usually employs grammatical terminology. After the
explanation, the learners are provided with examples illustrating the new structure,
which they analyse, and are subsequently asked to apply the rule to new sentences.
They are typically expected to memorise the rule. This approach is most frequently
used in science and engineering where The instructor introduces a topic by lecturing on
general principles, then uses the principles to derive mathematical models, shows
illustrative applications of the models, gives students practice in similar derivations and
applications in homework, and finally tests their ability to do the same sorts of things on
exams.
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e example of a conducted lesson using inductive approac :
As the study phase started I wrote four examples on the board as followed and asked
students to guess what is wrong with each red crossed example of positive and
negative and what changes from sentence one to two are causing mistakes. Later on
they guessed the rule of using of some and any in affirmative and negative sentences.
Board work:
^urt er reading:
d ºeremy Harmer, Te rae E La ae Tea , L ma .
d Scott Thornbury, How to tech Grr, Longn.
d Dichael Swan, A
acical Enlih ae, Oxfo
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e.